09讲：外刊精选+语法专题【现在进行时与过去进行时】+中考题型套餐+词汇打卡【字母I】 （讲练）-【一轮通关】备战2025年中考英语讲练测（上海专用）

第九讲 外刊精选(原创)、语法专题（现在进行时与过去进行时）、题型套餐 （首字母+阅读回答题）、 词汇打卡(字母I) 外刊精选 What happens to our brain when we sleep? 我们睡觉时大脑在做什么？ 每个人一生中大约有26年的时间都是在睡梦中度过的。正因如此，我们乐于谈论自己睡眠的质量并且想办法让自己睡得更好。在过去10年里，有关睡眠的研究成果丰硕。本文总结了目前对于睡眠意义的各项研究结论。 “I’m knackered—have you got any tips for a good night’s sleep?” Not only is sleep a common feature of our small talk, we’ve also spent decades trying to understand and explain it. After all, we spend on average 26 years of our lives asleep. So, what do we know? Here are the highlights of the last decade of research. One of the most intriguing developments is in the study of lucid dreaming—it seems it’s possible to communicate with people while they’re sleeping. In a study called ‘Real-time dialogue between experimenters and dreamers during REM sleep’, researchers asked questions to participants in a lucid dream. The dreamers signalled the answers using pre-agreed eye or facial movements. They were accurate, suggesting they could access their cognitive functions such as working memory while sleeping. This interaction between dreamworld and reality has brought excitement to the sleep science community.    Sleep can also help our memory and problem-solving. A 2023 review of research by Denis and Cairney noted that brain regions that are used to learn new things, are reactivated during sleep. That means while we’re sleeping, our brains replay our memories of what happened during the day, which is believed to be crucial for memory retention. And, if you’ve ever felt it was best to sleep on a tricky problem and solve it in the morning, you might have scientific backing! A 2019 study by Sanders and colleagues found that people were more likely to solve a tricky problem the next day if the problem had been activated in their brains during sleep. So, if you’re stuck, rest up and return to it in the morning. What if you’re unlucky enough to suffer with sleep deprivation? Unfortunately, you may be at higher risk of negative moods and worse emotional regulation, according to a 2021 meta-analysis called ‘The effect of sleep deprivation and restriction on mood, emotion, and emotion regulation’. The good news is there are plenty of tips to help you with your sleep hygiene. The UK’s National Health Service recommends having a set time to start winding down, meditation before bed, which they call ‘beditation’, and avoiding caffeine before bed. 词汇表 knackered 筋疲力尽的 highlights 最重要的部分 lucid dreaming 清醒梦，在做梦时保持思考和记忆能力 REM sleep 快速动眼睡眠 cognitive functions 认知功能 working memory 工作记忆，一种持续时间较短的记忆 meditation 睡前冥想 caffeine 咖啡因 memory retention 记忆保持 sleep on something 把……留到下一天再作决定 rest up 得到充分休息 sleep deprivation 睡眠不足 sleep hygiene 睡眠健康 wind down 逐渐放松 测验与练习 1. 阅读课文并回答问题。 1. What discovery has been made about lucid dreaming? 2. What does our brain do to help us retain memories? 3. True or False? Sleeping on a problem can help us to solve it. 4. What are two things that can be negatively impacted by sleep deprivation? 5. What are some tips to help improve sleep quality? 2. 选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. Before making any big decisions, it’s always best to ________ it. sleep on                    rest up                      wind down                 beditate 2. After eight hours’ hiking, he was absolutely ________ and ready for bed. wound down             asleep                       rested                         knackered  3. After a stressful day, all you need is a ________.  sleep deprivation      dreamworld              sleep hygiene             good night’s sleep 4. Practising good ________ can greatly improve the quality of your rest. sleep deprivation       sleep hygiene           sleep loss                   sleep dreams 5. She couldn’t stop thinking about work, so she read a book to ________ before going to sleep. sleep on                      rest up                     wind down                  beditate 语法专题 语法精选---现在进行时与过去进行时 现在进行时 1. 现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作 Someone is asking for you on the phone. 2. 常见信号词：(right)now, at present, at the moment, at this time, these days, etc. The students are having an English lesson now. 3. 按计划或安排要进行的动作,信号词：go, come, leave start, arrive, work, have, stay, play, return, etc. -- Tom, supper is ready. Come quickly. -- Ok. I’m coming. 4. 用于含有Look! Listen! Be careful!的句中 Be careful! The glass is falling down. 5. 一般不用现在进行时的动词 1. look, sound, smell, taste, feel 2. love, like, enjoy, hate 3. hope, wish 4. be, have 5. think, know, remember, forget 过去进行时 1. 过去某时刻或某段时间正在进行的事 I was reading the newspaper at 6:30 this morning. 2. at this time yesterday, at that time, then, at five o’clock in the afternoon, from two to three yesterday afternoon或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 At that time, I was reading a newspaper. 3. 过去某件事情发生时，另外一个动作正在进行 1. The earthquake started while I was doing some shopping. 2. I was typing a letter while my daughter was searching for information on the Internet. 即学即练 1．（2024·上海虹口·二模）“My manager ________ in North America now. I can’t reach him,” Frank complained. A．travels B．travelled C．will travel D．is travelling 2．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）—Did you see the traffic accident outside your neighbourhood last night? —Yes. It happened when I _______ through the gate. A．has run B．am running C．would run D．was running 3．（2024·上海崇明·二模）Doctor Rosie _________ the patients at the hospital at 6:30 yesterday evening. A．was examining B．has examined C．will examine D．had examined 4．（2024·上海宝山·二模）My sister ________ a kite in the park happily this time yesterday. A．was flying B．flew C．had flown D．would fly 5．（2024·上海长宁·二模）When Jack came home yesterday, his father ________ the flowers in the garden. A．waters B．watered C．was watering D．has watered 6．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）At the moment the phone rang yesterday evening, I ________ a book in the bedroom. A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．would read 7．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The exchange students from Oxford ________ with their teacher this time yesterday. A．chatted B．had chatted C．are chatting D．were chatting 8．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）When the teacher called Jack’s name, he ________ about his trip to Disneyland. A．dreams B．is dreaming C．has dreamed D．was dreaming 9．（2024·上海普陀·二模）I __________ my mother in the kitchen all afternoon yesterday. A．was helping B．help C．have helped D．will help 10．（2024·上海闵行·二模）My mum and I ________ the garden when my dad got home from work. A．clean B．are cleaning C．will clean D．were cleaning 11．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）Jason __________ a Maths problem with Mr. Clarkson in the teachers’ office this time yesterday. A．discusses B．had discussed C．was discussing D．discussed 12．（2023·上海嘉定·二模）You’d better not disturb Linda now as she ________ her report for tomorrow’s meeting. A．is preparing B．will prepare C．was preparing D．has prepared 13．（2023·上海青浦·一模）Professor Lee is not in his office. He ________ a speech in the hall. A．gives B．gave C．will give D．is giving 14．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）Look! The students ________ an art class in the park. A．have B．were having C．had D．are having 15．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Look! My sister ________ the table. Let’s give her a hand. A．set B．sets C．is setting D．was setting 16．（2024·江西·中考真题）—Where is Helen? —I’m not sure. Maybe she ________ her baseball lesson. A．had B．was having C．is having D．will have 17．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, John! What’s up? I ________ a shower when you called. A．had taken B．have taken C．was taking D．am taking 18．（2024·云南·中考真题）—Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I ________ singing for the graduation ceremony at that time. A．will practice B．have practiced C．am practicing D．was practicing 19．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Tim, what were you doing when I called you? —I ________ bicycle with my sister. A．was cutting up B．am making up C．am picking up D．was fixing up 20．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）—Hi, Ethan. I called you at 8:00 last night, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry, I ______ the dishes. A．wash B．washed C．am washing D．was washing 阅读套餐 PASSAGE 1 （23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给 “Moi, Sofia!” “Terve, Aleksi!” That’s “hello” in Finland（芬兰）. And that’s how students and staff g 1 each other at this Finnish school. Students call their teachers by their first names. Anna Hansson has gone to this school since first grade, so she knows everybody. Anna shouts “Moi” to her schoolmates as she arrives at 7:45 in the morning. At her school, Anna and her classmates d 2 , along with their teacher, what their weekly aims, tasks, and activities will be. Students work at their own pace. They don’t always study together. Some may be in their home classroom. Others might be in a workshop, where they’re leaning by actually d 3 . Today, Anna’s group is working on a magazine in the workshop. Anna and her classmates don’t learn by memorizing facts. Instead, they work together to gather information. They ask their teacher for help whenever they need to. The teacher doesn’t have to tell students to behave. The class is active and busy, but the teacher is in full c 4 . Everything is in order and everyone is behaving properly. Parents are welcome at the school and volunteer in workshops and evening classes. After 90 minutes, students have a break for 30 minutes. Soon, it’s lunchtime! In Anna’s school, students get free hot m 5 every day. Today’s lunch is everybody’s favourite—meatballs and mashed potatoes. It is served with salad, bread and milk on the tables with flowers in vases. Chores（日常琐事）have always been part of the school life. All students do chores, which i 6 taking care of plants, collecting trash, recycling, and composting. Students help in the library and in the kitchen. School is over between 12 at noon and 2 in the afternoon. Most parents work, so city officials have built outdoor playgrounds and two buildings for younger students to do homework or play indoor games while waiting to be picked up. For o 7 students, there are clubs and hobby groups. They can study languages, learn to play instruments, and do arts and crafts. PASSAGE 2 （23-24九年级上·上海青浦·期末）My friend Maya and I always make New Year’ s resolutions (新年计划). but we can never keep them. So, last year, we decided to be “resolution partners” and write our resolutions together. We made a list of things each of us would do every single day: New Year’s Resolutions 1 Bake something delicious. 2 . Eat super and healthy lunch. 3. Do 80 sit-ups and 50 push-ups 4. Do something big to help the planet. Maya& Jill The next morning, I went to the kitchen at 5:45 to bake cookies. When l arrived at school, I took a bite of the cupcakes Maya made in the morning and it was delicious! We had a difficult math test that morning, which made us extra hungry for lunch. But I had an egg, potato, orange and onion sandwich for lunch. Maya had a fish, broccoli, tomato and banana wrap (卷饼). “Do these things really taste good?” Mike, one of our friends, asked. Maya took the list out of the pocket and explained, “Resolution number 2 says our lunch has to be healthy, not necessarily delicious. If we’ re going to finish number 3 before the bell rings, we’ d better hurry. Luckily, we did manage to do it. Unluckily, all that exercise right after the lunch made our stomachs hurt!” We both attended the basketball club that afternoon, plus lots of homework, so we didn’ t have time to do something big to help the planet. “Well,” said Maya, “I guess if we’re going to have time for everything on our list, we’ re going to have to wake up even earlier. I couldn’t let my resolution partner down, so we agreed to set our alarms half an hour earlier. Even with the extra time, though, it was hard to fit everything in. Besides, we were too tired to do things well. When we had to present our book reports, we yawned (打哈欠) the whole way through.” By Friday, we were too tired. That afternoon. Maya and I made up a whole NEW New Year’ s resolution list. New Year’s Resolutions 1. Try to eat healthy 2. Try not to waste water, electricity, paper or plastic. 3. Try to be kind. (most important of all) Maya &Jill Of course, we still like to bake treats (甜食) and do exercise, but not every day. This year, when my friends make a resolution list, Maya and I will give them a suggestion: Make it short, 6 and 6 . 根据对话内容回答下列问题。 8．What do “resolution partners” do in the passage? 9．How was Maya and Jill’ s lunch that day? 10．Why did Maya and Jill’ s stomachs hurt? 11．Did Maya and Jill keep all the resolutions on the first day? 12．What made Maya and Jill change their minds to make up a new resolution list? 13．What can be filled in the blanks in the last paragraph? 词汇打卡 读一读 背一背 (带◆号为上海中考新增词汇) 单词 音标 词性 中文 1 illness ['ɪlnəs] n. 疾病 2 imagine [ɪ'mædʒɪn] vt. 想象；设想 3 immediately [ɪ'miːdiətli] ad. 立即 4 impression [ɪm'preʃn] n. 印象 5 importance [ɪm'pɔːtns] n． 重要性 6 island ['aɪlənd] n. 岛 7 impossible [ɪm'pɒsəbl] adj． 不可能的 8 improve [ɪm'pruːv] vt. 改进，更新 9 include [ɪn'kluːd] vt. 包含；包括 10 income ['ɪnkʌm] n. 收入，所得 11 increase [ɪn'kriːs] v.& n. 增加；繁殖 12 independent [ ɪnd ɪ 'pend ənt] adj. 独立的；有主见的 13 iron ['aɪən] n.vt. 铁；熨斗;熨烫 14 industry ['ɪndəstri] n. 工业 15 influence ['ɪnfluəns] n.&v. 影响 16 information [ɪnfə'meɪʃn] n. 信息 17 insist [ɪn'sɪst] vi. 坚持；坚持认为 18 instead [ɪn'sɪst] ad. 代替，顶替 19 instruction [ɪn'strʌkʃn] n. 说明，须知；教导 20 intention [ɪn'tenʃn] n. 意图；目的 21 interview ['ɪntəvjuː] n.&vt. 采访；会见；面试 22 introduction [ɪntrə'dʌkʃn] n. 介绍；引进 23 invention [ɪn'venʃn] n. 发明，创造 24 investigate [ɪn'vestɪɡeɪt] v. 调查 25 invite [ɪn'vaɪt] vt. 邀请，招待 26 interest ['ɪntrəst] n. 兴趣，趣味；利息 27 international [ɪntə'næʃnəl] a. 国际的 28 item ['aɪtəm] n． 项目；节目 ◆29 insect [ˈɪnsekt] n． 昆虫 ◆30 instrument [ˈɪnstrəmənt] nj.. 器械；器具 想一想 写一写 根据句意用所给单词的适当词性填空 1. SARS is a new kind of ______. It’s a problem now in many countries. (ill) 2. This is a(n) ______ film that I have ever seen. (interest) 3. We attended a lecture given by a great ______ yesterday afternoon. (invent) 4. Sophia said that she would ______ many friends to her birthday. (invitation) 5. Thank you very much for your ______ to your house-warming party. I will arrive on time. (invite) 6. We all know the ______ of learning English. (important) 7. Few young people are ______ in fishing in the river nowadays. (interest) 8. Computer is the greatest ______ in the 20th century. (invent) 9. The football game between French team and ______ team was a close game. (Italy) 10. The president refused to give the ______ to the reporter. (interviewer) 11. He's the president of a large _________ organization. (internation ) 12.His speech at the meeting is simple and _________. (impression) 13.It gives me great pleasure to _________our guest speaker. (introduction) 14.Police are now _________the accident.(investigation) 15.You need to think _________to find out what you are good at. (depend) 词组默写 161.举行会议 162.等一等(别挂电话) 163.屏住呼吸 164.大量的 165.匆忙 166.一会儿 167.另外 168.总共 169.简而言之 170.主管，负责 171.在课上 172.处于危险中 173.用英语 174.事实上;实际上 175.赞成 176.在……前面 177.住院 178在某人五十多岁时 179. 根据某人的看法 180. 为了 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第九讲 外刊精选(原创)、语法专题（现在进行时与过去进行时）、题型套餐 （首字母+阅读回答题）、 词汇打卡(字母I) 外刊精选 What happens to our brain when we sleep? 我们睡觉时大脑在做什么？ 每个人一生中大约有26年的时间都是在睡梦中度过的。正因如此，我们乐于谈论自己睡眠的质量并且想办法让自己睡得更好。在过去10年里，有关睡眠的研究成果丰硕。本文总结了目前对于睡眠意义的各项研究结论。 “I’m knackered—have you got any tips for a good night’s sleep?” Not only is sleep a common feature of our small talk, we’ve also spent decades trying to understand and explain it. After all, we spend on average 26 years of our lives asleep. So, what do we know? Here are the highlights of the last decade of research. One of the most intriguing developments is in the study of lucid dreaming—it seems it’s possible to communicate with people while they’re sleeping. In a study called ‘Real-time dialogue between experimenters and dreamers during REM sleep’, researchers asked questions to participants in a lucid dream. The dreamers signalled the answers using pre-agreed eye or facial movements. They were accurate, suggesting they could access their cognitive functions such as working memory while sleeping. This interaction between dreamworld and reality has brought excitement to the sleep science community.    Sleep can also help our memory and problem-solving. A 2023 review of research by Denis and Cairney noted that brain regions that are used to learn new things, are reactivated during sleep. That means while we’re sleeping, our brains replay our memories of what happened during the day, which is believed to be crucial for memory retention. And, if you’ve ever felt it was best to sleep on a tricky problem and solve it in the morning, you might have scientific backing! A 2019 study by Sanders and colleagues found that people were more likely to solve a tricky problem the next day if the problem had been activated in their brains during sleep. So, if you’re stuck, rest up and return to it in the morning. What if you’re unlucky enough to suffer with sleep deprivation? Unfortunately, you may be at higher risk of negative moods and worse emotional regulation, according to a 2021 meta-analysis called ‘The effect of sleep deprivation and restriction on mood, emotion, and emotion regulation’. The good news is there are plenty of tips to help you with your sleep hygiene. The UK’s National Health Service recommends having a set time to start winding down, meditation before bed, which they call ‘beditation’, and avoiding caffeine before bed. 词汇表 knackered 筋疲力尽的 highlights 最重要的部分 lucid dreaming 清醒梦，在做梦时保持思考和记忆能力 REM sleep 快速动眼睡眠 cognitive functions 认知功能 working memory 工作记忆，一种持续时间较短的记忆 meditation 睡前冥想 caffeine 咖啡因 memory retention 记忆保持 sleep on something 把……留到下一天再作决定 rest up 得到充分休息 sleep deprivation 睡眠不足 sleep hygiene 睡眠健康 wind down 逐渐放松 测验与练习 1. 阅读课文并回答问题。 1. What discovery has been made about lucid dreaming? 2. What does our brain do to help us retain memories? 3. True or False? Sleeping on a problem can help us to solve it. 4. What are two things that can be negatively impacted by sleep deprivation? 5. What are some tips to help improve sleep quality? 2. 选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. Before making any big decisions, it’s always best to ________ it. sleep on                    rest up                      wind down                 beditate 2. After eight hours’ hiking, he was absolutely ________ and ready for bed. wound down             asleep                       rested                         knackered  3. After a stressful day, all you need is a ________.  sleep deprivation      dreamworld              sleep hygiene             good night’s sleep 4. Practising good ________ can greatly improve the quality of your rest. sleep deprivation       sleep hygiene           sleep loss                   sleep dreams 5. She couldn’t stop thinking about work, so she read a book to ________ before going to sleep. sleep on                      rest up                     wind down                  beditate 答案 1. 阅读课文并回答问题。 1. What discovery has been made about lucid dreaming? Researchers have found it’s possible to communicate with people during lucid dreams, and that dreamers seem to be able to access cognitive functions such as working memory. 2. What does our brain do while sleeping to help us retain memories? While we’re sleeping, our brains replay our memories of what happened during the day, which is believed to be crucial for memory retention. 3. True or False? Sleeping on a problem can help us to solve it. True. A 2019 study by Sanders and colleagues found that people were more likely to solve a tricky problem the next day if the problem had been activated in their brains during sleep. 4. What are two things that can be negatively impacted by sleep deprivation? According to a 2021 meta-analysis, those suffering from sleep deprivation are at higher risk of negative moods and worse emotional regulation. 5. What are some tips to help improve sleep quality? The UK’s National Health Service recommends having a set time to start winding down, meditation before bed, which they call ‘beditation’, and avoiding caffeine before bed. 2. 选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. Before making any big decisions, it’s always best to sleep on it. 2. After eight hours’ hiking, he was absolutely knackered and ready for bed. 3. After a stressful day, all you need is a good night’s sleep 4. Practising good sleep hygiene can greatly improve the quality of your rest. 5. She couldn’t stop thinking about work, so she read a book to wind down before going to sleep. 语法专题 语法精选---现在进行时与过去进行时 现在进行时 1. 现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作 Someone is asking for you on the phone. 2. 常见信号词：(right)now, at present, at the moment, at this time, these days, etc. The students are having an English lesson now. 3. 按计划或安排要进行的动作,信号词：go, come, leave start, arrive, work, have, stay, play, return, etc. -- Tom, supper is ready. Come quickly. -- Ok. I’m coming. 4. 用于含有Look! Listen! Be careful!的句中 Be careful! The glass is falling down. 5. 一般不用现在进行时的动词 1. look, sound, smell, taste, feel 2. love, like, enjoy, hate 3. hope, wish 4. be, have 5. think, know, remember, forget 过去进行时 1. 过去某时刻或某段时间正在进行的事 I was reading the newspaper at 6:30 this morning. 2. at this time yesterday, at that time, then, at five o’clock in the afternoon, from two to three yesterday afternoon或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 At that time, I was reading a newspaper. 3. 过去某件事情发生时，另外一个动作正在进行 1. The earthquake started while I was doing some shopping. 2. I was typing a letter while my daughter was searching for information on the Internet. 即学即练 1．（2024·上海虹口·二模）“My manager ________ in North America now. I can’t reach him,” Frank complained. A．travels B．travelled C．will travel D．is travelling 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“我的经理现在正在北美旅行。我联系不到他。”弗兰克抱怨道。 考查时态。根据“now”可知，旅行是正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，结构为be doing。故选D。 2．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）—Did you see the traffic accident outside your neighbourhood last night? —Yes. It happened when I _______ through the gate. A．has run B．am running C．would run D．was running 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你看到昨晚你家附近发生的交通事故了吗？——看到了。我跑过大门的时候发生的。 考查时态。根据“last night”和“It happened when I...through the gate.”可知，描述的是昨晚的事情，是一个过去的时间点，而事故发生在“我”通过大门的时候，表示一个正在进行的动作，因此需要用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing。故选D。 3．（2024·上海崇明·二模）Doctor Rosie _________ the patients at the hospital at 6:30 yesterday evening. A．was examining B．has examined C．will examine D．had examined 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天晚上六点半，Rosie医生正在医院给病人做检查。 考查动词时态。根据“at 6:30 yesterday evening”可知，设空处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时表达。故选A。 4．（2024·上海宝山·二模）My sister ________ a kite in the park happily this time yesterday. A．was flying B．flew C．had flown D．would fly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天的这个时候，我妹妹正在公园里开心地放风筝。 考查时态。was flying过去进行时；flew一般过去时；had flown过去完成时；would fly过去将来时。根据“this time yesterday”可知，强调过去动作发生的具体时间点，应使用过去进行时。故选A。 5．（2024·上海长宁·二模）When Jack came home yesterday, his father ________ the flowers in the garden. A．waters B．watered C．was watering D．has watered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天杰克回家时，他父亲正在给花园里的花浇水。 考查动词时态。根据“When Jack came home yesterday”可知，昨天杰克回家时父亲正在浇花，此处说的是过去某一时间正在做的事情，应用过去进行时。故选C。 6．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）At the moment the phone rang yesterday evening, I ________ a book in the bedroom. A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．would read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天晚上电话铃响的时候，我正在卧室里看书。 考查时态。根据“At the moment the phone rang yesterday evening, I...a book in the bedroom.”可知，强调在过去的时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，故选C。 7．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The exchange students from Oxford ________ with their teacher this time yesterday. A．chatted B．had chatted C．are chatting D．were chatting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天这个时候，牛津大学的交换生正在和他们的老师聊天。 考查时态辨析。chatted一般过去时；had chatted过去完成时；are chatting现在进行时；were chatting过去进行时。根据“this time yesterday”可知，本句时态为过去进行时。故选D。 8．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）When the teacher called Jack’s name, he ________ about his trip to Disneyland. A．dreams B．is dreaming C．has dreamed D．was dreaming 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当老师叫到杰克的名字时，他正梦想着他的迪斯尼之旅。 考查动词时态。根据“When the teacher called Jack’s name”可知，此处是指过去的某一时刻正发生的动作，时态用过去进行时“was/were doing”，主语是三单，be用was。故选D。 9．（2024·上海普陀·二模）I __________ my mother in the kitchen all afternoon yesterday. A．was helping B．help C．have helped D．will help 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天整个下午我都在厨房帮妈妈干活。 考查动词时态。根据“all afternoon yesterday”可知，强调过去某个时段一直持续的动作，用过去进行时was/were doing的结构，故选A。 10．（2024·上海闵行·二模）My mum and I ________ the garden when my dad got home from work. A．clean B．are cleaning C．will clean D．were cleaning 【答案】D 【详解】句意：爸爸下班回家时，我和妈妈正在打扫花园。 考查时态。根据“when my dad got home from work”可知此处表示当某件事发生时，另一件事情正在进行，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。故选D。 11．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）Jason __________ a Maths problem with Mr. Clarkson in the teachers’ office this time yesterday. A．discusses B．had discussed C．was discussing D．discussed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天这个时候，杰森正在教师办公室和克拉克森先生讨论一道数学题。 考查过去进行时。由时间状语this time yesterday“昨天这个时候”可知，句子时态是过去进行时was/were doing，主语是三单，用was doing，故选C。 12．（2023·上海嘉定·二模）You’d better not disturb Linda now as she ________ her report for tomorrow’s meeting. A．is preparing B．will prepare C．was preparing D．has prepared 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你现在最好不要打扰琳达，她正在为明天的会议准备报告。 考查时态。根据“You’d better not disturb Linda now”可知，时态为现在进行时，结构为be doing；主语为“she”，be动词用is。故选A。 13．（2023·上海青浦·一模）Professor Lee is not in his office. He ________ a speech in the hall. A．gives B．gave C．will give D．is giving 【答案】D 【详解】句意：李教授不在办公室。他正在大厅里演讲。 考查时态。根据“Professor Lee is not in his office. He...a speech in the hall.”可知，此处强调动作正在发生，用现在进行时，故选D。 14．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）Look! The students ________ an art class in the park. A．have B．were having C．had D．are having 【答案】D 【详解】句意：看！学生们正在公园里上艺术课。 考查时态。根据“Look”可知此处表示动作正在进行，用现在进行时，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故选D。 15．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Look! My sister ________ the table. Let’s give her a hand. A．set B．sets C．is setting D．was setting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看！我姐姐正在摆桌子。让我们帮她一把。 考查动词时态。根据“Look”可知，姐姐正在摆桌子，动作正在发生，应为现在进行时。故选C。 16．（2024·江西·中考真题）—Where is Helen? —I’m not sure. Maybe she ________ her baseball lesson. A．had B．was having C．is having D．will have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——海伦在哪里？——我不确定。也许她正在上棒球课。 考查现在进行时。根据“Where is Helen?”和“Maybe she ... her baseball lesson.”可知，强调动作正在发生，用现在进行时，故选C。 17．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, John! What’s up? I ________ a shower when you called. A．had taken B．have taken C．was taking D．am taking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：嗨，约翰！有什么事吗？你打电话的时候我正在洗澡。 考查过去进行时。根据“I...a shower when you called.”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故选C。 18．（2024·云南·中考真题）—Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I ________ singing for the graduation ceremony at that time. A．will practice B．have practiced C．am practicing D．was practicing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——海伦，昨天下午五点我没看见你在教室里。——噢，那时我正在为毕业典礼练习唱歌。 考查过去进行时。根据“at five yesterday afternoon”和“at that time”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，故选D。 19．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Tim, what were you doing when I called you? —I ________ bicycle with my sister. A．was cutting up B．am making up C．am picking up D．was fixing up 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——蒂姆，我打电话给你的时候你在做什么？——我正在和姐姐修理自行车。 考查动词时态及动词短语。cut up切碎；make up编造；pick up捡起；fix up修理。根据“what were you doing when I called you?”可知，此处指过去某一时刻正在做的事情，应为过去进行时，结构是was/were doing。结合“bicycle”可知，此处指修理自行车。故选D。 20．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）—Hi, Ethan. I called you at 8:00 last night, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry, I ______ the dishes. A．wash B．washed C．am washing D．was washing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——嗨，伊森。我昨晚8点给你打电话，但你没有接。——抱歉，我当时正在洗碗。 考查动词时态。根据“at 8:00 last night”可知，此处指昨晚8点打电话时伊森正在洗碗，过去某一时间点正在做某事，应用过去进行时。故选D。 阅读套餐 PASSAGE 1 （23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给 “Moi, Sofia!” “Terve, Aleksi!” That’s “hello” in Finland（芬兰）. And that’s how students and staff g 1 each other at this Finnish school. Students call their teachers by their first names. Anna Hansson has gone to this school since first grade, so she knows everybody. Anna shouts “Moi” to her schoolmates as she arrives at 7:45 in the morning. At her school, Anna and her classmates d 2 , along with their teacher, what their weekly aims, tasks, and activities will be. Students work at their own pace. They don’t always study together. Some may be in their home classroom. Others might be in a workshop, where they’re leaning by actually d 3 . Today, Anna’s group is working on a magazine in the workshop. Anna and her classmates don’t learn by memorizing facts. Instead, they work together to gather information. They ask their teacher for help whenever they need to. The teacher doesn’t have to tell students to behave. The class is active and busy, but the teacher is in full c 4 . Everything is in order and everyone is behaving properly. Parents are welcome at the school and volunteer in workshops and evening classes. After 90 minutes, students have a break for 30 minutes. Soon, it’s lunchtime! In Anna’s school, students get free hot m 5 every day. Today’s lunch is everybody’s favourite—meatballs and mashed potatoes. It is served with salad, bread and milk on the tables with flowers in vases. Chores（日常琐事）have always been part of the school life. All students do chores, which i 6 taking care of plants, collecting trash, recycling, and composting. Students help in the library and in the kitchen. School is over between 12 at noon and 2 in the afternoon. Most parents work, so city officials have built outdoor playgrounds and two buildings for younger students to do homework or play indoor games while waiting to be picked up. For o 7 students, there are clubs and hobby groups. They can study languages, learn to play instruments, and do arts and crafts. 【答案】1．(g)reet 2．(d)iscuss 3．(d)oing 4．(c)ontrol 5．(m)eals 6．(i)nclude 7．(o)lder 【导语】本文介绍了在芬兰的一所学校里学生的学习生活情况。 1．句意：那就是学生们和职员在这个芬兰学校是如何互相问候的。根据“That’s ‘hello’ in Finland”可知他们说“Moi, Sofia”来打招呼，greet“打招呼”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填(g)reet。 2．句意：在她的学校，安娜和她的同学与他们的老师一起讨论他们每周的目标，任务和活动是什么。根据“what their weekly aims, tasks, and activities will be”可知老师和同学一起讨论目标和任务，discuss“讨论”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填(d)iscuss。 3．句意：其他人可能在车间里，在那里他们通过实际行动来学习。根据“where they’re leaning by actually”可知学生通过实际行动来学习，do“做”，介词by后加动名词。故填(d)oing。 4．句意：课堂上很活跃，很忙，但老师完全掌握着一切。根据“Everything is in order and everyone is behaving properly”可知课堂上一切正常，每个人都表现良好，因为老师掌控着课堂，in full control“完全掌控一切”。故填(c)ontrol。 5．句意：在安娜的学校里，学生每天都可以得到免费的热餐。根据“Soon, it’s lunchtime”可知午饭时间学生可以得到免费的热餐，meal“餐”，此处用名词复数。故填(m)eals。 6．句意：所有的学生都做家务，其中包括照料植物、收集垃圾、回收利用和堆肥。根据“taking care of plants, collecting trash, recycling, and composting”可知家务包括照料植物、收集垃圾等，include“包括”，此处作谓语，which指代chores，句子用一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。故填(i)nclude。 7．句意：对于年长的学生来说，有俱乐部和业余爱好团体，他们可以学习语言，学习演奏乐器，制作工艺品。根据“for younger students”可知此处是相对于较小的学生来说，故此处是较年长的学生，用比较级older。故填(o)lder。 PASSAGE 2 （23-24九年级上·上海青浦·期末）My friend Maya and I always make New Year’ s resolutions (新年计划). but we can never keep them. So, last year, we decided to be “resolution partners” and write our resolutions together. We made a list of things each of us would do every single day: New Year’s Resolutions 1 Bake something delicious. 2 . Eat super and healthy lunch. 3. Do 80 sit-ups and 50 push-ups 4. Do something big to help the planet. Maya& Jill The next morning, I went to the kitchen at 5:45 to bake cookies. When l arrived at school, I took a bite of the cupcakes Maya made in the morning and it was delicious! We had a difficult math test that morning, which made us extra hungry for lunch. But I had an egg, potato, orange and onion sandwich for lunch. Maya had a fish, broccoli, tomato and banana wrap (卷饼). “Do these things really taste good?” Mike, one of our friends, asked. Maya took the list out of the pocket and explained, “Resolution number 2 says our lunch has to be healthy, not necessarily delicious. If we’ re going to finish number 3 before the bell rings, we’ d better hurry. Luckily, we did manage to do it. Unluckily, all that exercise right after the lunch made our stomachs hurt!” We both attended the basketball club that afternoon, plus lots of homework, so we didn’ t have time to do something big to help the planet. “Well,” said Maya, “I guess if we’re going to have time for everything on our list, we’ re going to have to wake up even earlier. I couldn’t let my resolution partner down, so we agreed to set our alarms half an hour earlier. Even with the extra time, though, it was hard to fit everything in. Besides, we were too tired to do things well. When we had to present our book reports, we yawned (打哈欠) the whole way through.” By Friday, we were too tired. That afternoon. Maya and I made up a whole NEW New Year’ s resolution list. New Year’s Resolutions 1. Try to eat healthy 2. Try not to waste water, electricity, paper or plastic. 3. Try to be kind. (most important of all) Maya &Jill Of course, we still like to bake treats (甜食) and do exercise, but not every day. This year, when my friends make a resolution list, Maya and I will give them a suggestion: Make it short, 6 and 6 . 根据对话内容回答下列问题。 8．What do “resolution partners” do in the passage? 9．How was Maya and Jill’ s lunch that day? 10．Why did Maya and Jill’ s stomachs hurt? 11．Did Maya and Jill keep all the resolutions on the first day? 12．What made Maya and Jill change their minds to make up a new resolution list? 13．What can be filled in the blanks in the last paragraph? 【答案】8．They write our resolutions together. 9．It was healthy, but not necessarily delicious. 10．Because all that exercise right after the lunch made their stomachs hurt. 11．No, they didn’t. 12．They were too tired. 13．realistic; simple 【导语】本文主要讲述了两个朋友一起制定新年决心，但是最后清单上的内容太多导致精疲力尽。两个好朋友最后修改了清单并告诫读者：新年决心清单要简单。 8．根据“So, last year, we decided to be ‘resolution partners’ and write our resolutions together.”可知，他们一起写下他们的决心。故填They write their resolutions together. 9．根据“Resolution number 2 says our lunch has to be healthy, not necessarily delicious.”可知，那天的早餐很健康，但不一定美味。故填It was healthy, but not necessarily delicious. 10．根据“Unluckily, all that exercise right after the lunch made our stomachs hurt!”可知，午饭后做的那些运动使他们的胃很疼。故填Because all that exercise right after the lunch made their stomachs hurt. 11．根据“We both attended the basketball club that afternoon, plus lots of homework, so we didn’t have time to do something big to help the planet.”可知，他们没有做一些大的事情来帮助地球。故填No, they didn’t. 12．根据“By Friday, we were too tired. That afternoon. Maya and I made up a whole NEW New Year’ s resolution list.”可知，他们太累了。故填They were too tired. 13．开放性习题，言之有理即可。参考答案为realistic; simple。 词汇打卡 读一读 背一背 (带◆号为上海中考新增词汇) 单词 音标 词性 中文 1 illness ['ɪlnəs] n. 疾病 2 imagine [ɪ'mædʒɪn] vt. 想象；设想 3 immediately [ɪ'miːdiətli] ad. 立即 4 impression [ɪm'preʃn] n. 印象 5 importance [ɪm'pɔːtns] n． 重要性 6 island ['aɪlənd] n. 岛 7 impossible [ɪm'pɒsəbl] adj． 不可能的 8 improve [ɪm'pruːv] vt. 改进，更新 9 include [ɪn'kluːd] vt. 包含；包括 10 income ['ɪnkʌm] n. 收入，所得 11 increase [ɪn'kriːs] v.& n. 增加；繁殖 12 independent [ ɪnd ɪ 'pend ənt] adj. 独立的；有主见的 13 iron ['aɪən] n.vt. 铁；熨斗;熨烫 14 industry ['ɪndəstri] n. 工业 15 influence ['ɪnfluəns] n.&v. 影响 16 information [ɪnfə'meɪʃn] n. 信息 17 insist [ɪn'sɪst] vi. 坚持；坚持认为 18 instead [ɪn'sɪst] ad. 代替，顶替 19 instruction [ɪn'strʌkʃn] n. 说明，须知；教导 20 intention [ɪn'tenʃn] n. 意图；目的 21 interview ['ɪntəvjuː] n.&vt. 采访；会见；面试 22 introduction [ɪntrə'dʌkʃn] n. 介绍；引进 23 invention [ɪn'venʃn] n. 发明，创造 24 investigate [ɪn'vestɪɡeɪt] v. 调查 25 invite [ɪn'vaɪt] vt. 邀请，招待 26 interest ['ɪntrəst] n. 兴趣，趣味；利息 27 international [ɪntə'næʃnəl] a. 国际的 28 item ['aɪtəm] n． 项目；节目 ◆29 insect [ˈɪnsekt] n． 昆虫 ◆30 instrument [ˈɪnstrəmənt] nj.. 器械；器具 想一想 写一写 根据句意用所给单词的适当词性填空 1. SARS is a new kind of ______. It’s a problem now in many countries. (ill) 2. This is a(n) ______ film that I have ever seen. (interest) 3. We attended a lecture given by a great ______ yesterday afternoon. (invent) 4. Sophia said that she would ______ many friends to her birthday. (invitation) 5. Thank you very much for your ______ to your house-warming party. I will arrive on time. (invite) 6. We all know the ______ of learning English. (important) 7. Few young people are ______ in fishing in the river nowadays. (interest) 8. Computer is the greatest ______ in the 20th century. (invent) 9. The football game between French team and ______ team was a close game. (Italy) 10. The president refused to give the ______ to the reporter. (interviewer) 11. He's the president of a large _________ organization. (internation ) 12.His speech at the meeting is simple and _________. (impression) 13.It gives me great pleasure to _________our guest speaker. (introduction) 14.Police are now _________the accident.(investigation) 15.You need to think _________to find out what you are good at. (depend) 【答案】 1.illness 2. interesting 3.inventor 4.invite 5.invitation 6. importance 7.interested 8.invention 9.Italian 10.interview 11.international 12.impressive 13.introduce 14. investigating 15.independently 词组默写 161.举行会议 162.等一等(别挂电话) 163.屏住呼吸 164.大量的 165.匆忙 166.一会儿 167.另外 168.总共 169.简而言之 170.主管，负责 171.在课上 172.处于危险中 173.用英语 174.事实上;实际上 175.赞成 176.在……前面 177.住院 178在某人五十多岁时 179. 根据某人的看法 180. 为了 161.hold a meeting 162. hold on 163.hold one's breath 164.huge amounts of 165.in a hurry 166.in a minute 167. in addition 168.in all 169.in brief 170. in charge of 171.in class 172. in danger 173. in English 174.in fact 175. in favour of 176. in front of 177. in hospital 178. in one's fifties 179. in one's opinion 180.in order to 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$