Unit7 Seasons 第3课时 Grammar-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年八年级英语上册同步学与练（牛津译林版）

Unit7 Seasons 第3课时 Grammar 目标导航jing 重点 词汇 1. 　　 　    n. 云 2. 　　 　    vt. 踢 3. 　　 　    n. 发烧 4. 　　 　    vi. 咳嗽 5. 　　 　    adj. 糟糕的，很坏的 重点 词组 1. 　　 　     　　 　    醒来 2. 　　 　  　　 　        踢球 3. 　　 　     　　 　    得了重感冒 4. 　　 　     　　 　    发高烧 5. 　　 　     　　 　    咳嗽严重 重点 句型 Mum was making breakfast for me when I 　　 　     　　 　    this morning. 今天早晨当我醒来的时候，妈妈正在为我做早饭。 知识点睛jing 一．形容词awful的用法 教材原文It was an awful day! 这是糟糕的一天! awful作形容词,意为“糟糕的,很坏的”。awful是以元音音素开头的单词,前面要用不定冠词an。 I watched an awful film.我看了一部糟糕的电影。 The weather is awful today.今天天气糟透了。 拓展　awful,terrible和bad都有“坏的”的意思,主要区别如下:awful一般指敬畏,让人害怕的情况;terrible强调惊骇,让人难以接受的情况;bad指通常情况,并不具备感情色彩。因此,从强度上来看:bad<awful<terrible。 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 练一练 What an 　　　    (糟糕的)day it is today! 二．below的用法 【教材原句】 It is often very cold and the temperature can drop below zero.经常很冷，并且气温降到零度以下。 解析：below做介词，意为“在……下面；低于”。 例：The temperature is below freezing. 温度低于冰点。 He waited below her window until she opened it and spoke to him.他在窗下一直等到她开窗和他说话。 【辨析】below，under below 在……下面，指处于比某物低的位置，不一定在某物的正下方，它的反义词是above。 under 在……下面，指处于某物的正下方，其反义词是over。 例：Write your name below the line.在线的下面写上你的名字。 He stood under a tree.他站在树下。 三．be busy doing sth的用法 【教材原句】Farmers are busy harvesting crops. 农民们正忙着收割庄稼。 解析：be busy doing sth意为“忙于做某事”。 例：The Greens are busy getting ready for their journey.格林一家人正忙于准备他们的旅行。 【拓展】 be busy with/at/about sth 忙于某事。 例：Kate is busy with her lessons.凯特忙于她的功课。 四．watch sb do sth的用法 【教材原句】Eddie is watching Hobo work. 埃迪正在观看霍波工作。 解析：watch sb do sth 意为“观看某人做某事”，省略to的动词不定式在句中做宾语补足语。watch是感官动词，常用于两种句子结构，即 watch sb do sth“观看某人做某事”，表示补足语的动作已经发生或经常发生；watch sb doing sth“观看某人正在做某事”，表示补足语的动作正在发生。 例：Linda watches her friends playing football.琳达看她的朋友正在踢足球。 I often watch my father ride a horse in the garden.我经常看我父亲在花园里骑马。 五．cloud的用法 【教材原句】 There was not a cloud in the sky. 天空中没有一片云彩。 解析：cloud n. 云。 例：There is more cloud today than yesterday.今天的云比昨天多。 The sky is covered with dark clouds.天空乌云密布。 【拓展】1.cloudy adj. 多云的，阴天的模糊的。 例：It’s cloudy today. 今天多云。 It's a bit cloudy today. 今天有点阴。 That's a cloudy idea. 那是个模糊的想法。 2.cloudy，windy，rainy等都是形容天气的形容词，它们是在名词之后加-y构成形容词。 一言辨异：There are a lot of clouds in the sky and it's cloudy.天空中有许多云，是阴天。 六．make sth for sb的用法/wake up的用法 【教材原句】 Mum was making breakfast for me when I woke up this morning.今天早上当我醒来的时候， 妈妈正在做早饭。 解析：make sth for sb 意为“为某人做某事”。make breakfast for me意为“为我做早饭”，也可用cook breakfast for me来表达。 例：He made a birthday card for his mother yesterday.昨天他给他妈妈做了张生日卡片。 解析：wake up意为“叫醒醒来”，是“动词 + 副词”短语，代词做宾语时必须放在 wake和 up 的中间。 例：Every day I wake up at six o'clock. 每天我六点醒来。 Please wake up your younger sister，Amy.埃米，请把你妹妹叫醒。 Mum asked you to wake me up at eight o'clock.妈妈让你在八点叫醒我。 七. till的用法 【教材原句】 The rain was falling from morning till night.雨从早上一直下到晚上。 解析：till是介词，意为“直到”。 例：We knew nothing about it till yesterday.我们到昨天才知道此事。 【拓展】till conj. 直到……为止。 例：Let’s wait till the rain stops. 让我们等到雨停。 【辨析】 till，until 1.till和until的意思基本相同，都可用作连词或介词。till和until用于肯定句时，主句的动作一般是延续性的，它表示动作一直延续到从句所表示的时间为止。 2.till和until用于否定句时，主句的动作是终止性的。 3.在句首，常用until，不用till。 例：I waited till/until he came back home. 我一直等到他回家。 Until you told me，I knew nothing at all about it.在你告诉我之前，我对此事一无所知。 八. kick的用法 【教材原句】 I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park.在公园里，我看见一些孩子在踢球。 解析：kick vt. 踢。 例：He kicked a goal in the first half of the match.在比赛的上半场他踢进了一球。 Someone kicked me at the leg.有人在我的腿上踢了一脚。 【拓展】 kick n. 踢，踢球。 例：Give the door a kick to open it. 把门踢开。 【固定搭配】 kick off（足球）开球，踢脱。 例：The chairperson kicked off and the football match started.主席开了球，足球比赛开始了。 He kicked his shoes off and lay on the bed.他踢掉了鞋，躺在床上。 九．fever的用法/cough的用法 【教材原句】 I had a high fever and coughed a lot…我发高烧并且咳得很厉害…… 解析：fever n. 发烧。 例：Jim had a high fever. 吉姆发高烧了。 含fever的相关短语 have a fever 发烧 have a high fever 发高烧 解析：Cough vi. 咳嗽。 例：He coughed day and night. 他日夜咳嗽。 You should also wash if you cough or sneeze into your hands.如果你用手捂嘴咳嗽或打喷嚏也应该洗手。 【拓展】 cough n. 咳嗽。 例：Some people get a cough that lasts longer.有些人会咳嗽并持续更长时间。 含cough的相关短语 have a cough 咳嗽 have a bad/heavy cough 咳嗽得厉害 十.awful的用法 【教材原句】 It was an awful day! 多么糟糕的一天! 解析：awful adj. 糟糕的，很坏的。 例：He made an awful mistake.他犯了个糟糕的错误。 He is an awful man.他是个讨厌的男人。 【拓展】 awfully adv. 可怕地；非常，很，极，相当于very。 例：I'm awfully sorry. 我很抱歉。 十一．简单句的五种基本句式 英语中的简单句可以分为以下五种类型: (1)主语+谓语(S+V) (2)主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) (3)主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) (4)主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) (5)主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+DO+OC) 五个基本句式详细解释如下: 1.S+V句式 在此句式中,V是不及物动词。 The sun rises.太阳升起来了。 The old man exercises every day.那位老人每天都锻炼。 2.S+V+O句式 在此句式中,V是及物动词,因此有宾语。 I drink milk in the morning.我早晨喝牛奶。 Sandy sang an English song.桑迪唱了一首英语歌曲。 3.S+V+P句式 在此句式中,V是系动词。常见的系动词有:be、look、sound、feel、taste、smell、grow、get、become、turn等。 Her father looks young.她爸爸看起来很年轻。 Your idea sounds good.你的主意听起来不错。 4.S+V+IO+DO句式 在此句式中,V是可带双宾语的及物动词,人为间接宾语,物为直接宾语。常跟双宾语的动词有两类: ①give/show/send/pass/lend/teach sb. sth.=give/show/send/pass/ lend/teach sth. to sb. ②buy/make/find/get sb. sth.=buy/make/find/get sth. for sb. 5.S+V+DO+OC句式 在此句式中,V是可接宾语补足语的及物动词。常作宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。 I found the story interesting.我发现这个故事很有趣。 “The river is rising quickly” belongs to 　　　    . A.S+V　　　 　 B.S+V+O C.S+V+P　　　　 D.S+V+DO+OC 分层练习 【基础练习】 一.根据句意和所给提示完成句子 1.We can see a lot of dark 　　　(云) before it rains.  2.I had a bad cold and 　　　(咳嗽) a lot last night.  3.The boy had a high 　　　(发烧) and felt terrible.  4.Look! Some kids are 　　　(踢) the ball in the street. It’s dangerous.  5.It was an 　　　(糟糕的)day that day. 二.在下面每个句子后的横线上写出其所属的句子结构  6.Suddenly,he heard someone shouting “Fire. Fire. Help!”. 　　　　　　　  7.We are all students. 　　　　　　　  8.You look well today. 　　　　　　　  9.The girl in a red dress loves reading very much. 　　　　　　　  10.His words made me unhappy. 　　　　　　  11.That fat boy is running on the playground.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  12.My father bought me a new pen yesterday. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  13.The wind blows. 　　　　　　　  14.He watches TV at home in the evening. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  15.It is very hot now. 　　　　　　　  三.单项选择 16.　　　 awful bus tour we had! The bus was broken when we went sightseeing around the city.  A.How　　　 　 B.What a C.What an　　　　 D.How an 17.The sentence structure of “The food tastes better than I cooked last week.” is　　　.  A.S+V+O　　　 B.S+V C.S+V+DO+OC　　　 D.S+V+P 18.You often　　　,Bill. Stop smoking,and you’ll get better soon.  A.cough　　　　 B.laugh　　　　 C.cry　　　　 D.sleep 19.When spring comes, the trees turn 　　　 and the temperature 　　　 quickly.  A.green;drops　　 B.brown;rises C.green;rises　　　 D.brown;drops 20.I visited the zoo last Sunday. A.主语　　　　 B.谓语　　　　 C.状语　　　　 D.宾语 21.The food in the restaurant is delicious. A.表语　　　　 B.宾语　　　　 C.主语　　　　 D.谓语 22.The quiet music makes me relax.  A.宾语　　　　 B.状语 C.宾补　　　　 D.定语 23.It is our duty to protect the environment.  A.直接宾语　　　　 B.间接宾语　　　　 C.形式主语　　　　 D.真正主语 24.I bought my mother some flowers on Mother’s Day.  A.直接宾语　　　　B.间接宾语　　　　 C.表语　　　 　D.状语 【能力拓展】 一.从方框中选择合适的单词,并用其适当形式填空  ice, scream, sleep, snowman, everywhere 1.The boy always threw rubbish 　　　in the past,but now he doesn’t.  2.Water becomes 　　　 when the temperature is below zero.  3.The girl 　　　 when she suddenly saw a snake in front of her.  9.People like to make 　　　 after a heavy snow.  5.I went to bed too late last night,so I was very 　　　 this morning.  1.everywhere　2.ice　3.screamed　4.snowmen　5.sleepy 二.单项选择 1.—Did you find your watch? —No. I looked for it 　　　, but I couldn’t find it　　　.  A.anywhere;everywhere B.somewhere;everywhere C.everywhere;anywhere D.everywhere;somewhere 2.Be　　　! Your father is sleeping. He is　　　 tired.  A.quiet;quietly　　　　 B.quite;quiet C.quietly;quite　　　　 D.quiet;quite 3.If the temperature is below 0℃, water will turn into 　　　 in the open air.  A.ice　　　　 B.steam C.fog　　　 　 D.rain 4.—Did you watch the first match of the 2018 FIFA World Cup? —Of course! We were so 　　　 to watch the　　　 match. A.exciting;excited　　　　 B.excited;excited  C.exciting;exciting　　　　 D.excited;exciting 5.They stood in the city square for half an hour, 　　　 the stars in the sky.  A.watching　　　　 B.to watch C.watch　　　 　 D.watched 三.根据短文内容回答问题 Farmer Pak Sadiman has made it his task to do something about Central Java’s water shortage problem, little by little. He has changed his dry village into a place rich in ground water by planting trees on nearby land for the last 19 years, and he is encouraging others to join in, too. Sadiman realized that the land was in need of some water when the Gendol River—previously (以前) the source of water for villagers—was quickly drying up. Even rubber trees, the local people’s main source of income (收入来源), were so dry that they could no longer produce rubber latex (橡胶乳). It was then that Sadiman took action so that his children and grandchildren could take advantage of the planted trees. “Banyan (榕树) trees, unlike rubber trees, can keep groundwater. The more banyan trees are planted, the more clean water villagers will get,” he thought. Although he went through a hard time, the farmer never became discouraged from achieving his goal—providing his village with a clean water source. He’s planted at least 11, 000 trees over the last 19 years, and his village seems to have escaped from the dry season. Villagers have joined in Sadiman’s efforts and worked alongside him to plant the trees. “Pak Sadiman is our hero. This village used to fight with water shortage, but now we have enough water because of him,” said the head of the village.   Sadiman said as long as he’s healthy, he’ll continue to plant trees to help provide clean water for his villagers. 1.What problem did the village have?   2.What did Sadiman do to solve the problem?   3.How long had Sadiman been working on the task?   4.What does the underlined words “escaped from” in Paragraph 5 mean?   5.What do you think of Sadiman?   四.书面表达 假如你是电台主持人,准备播送天气预报,请根据以下要点,写一篇80词左右的文稿。文章的开头已给出,不计入总词数。 要点: 1.明天南方大部分城市将是晴天,万里无云。人们可在城市周边 进行一次短途旅行。广州温度将达26度,有点热,最好戴上墨镜(sunglasses)。 2.气温在北方稍低,长春明天将有暴风雨。气温在15度左右。大雨可能会引发多种问题。人们开车应缓慢并小心。小孩应待在室内而不是出去玩。 Good evening, everyone! Welcome to listen to the weather report! 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit7 Seasons 第3课时 Grammar 目标导航jing 重点 词汇 1.cloud n. 云 2. kick vt. 踢 3. fever n. 发烧 4. cough vi. 咳嗽 5. awful adj. 糟糕的，很坏的 重点 词组 1.wake up 醒来 2. kick the ball 踢球 3. catch a bad cold 得了重感冒 4. have a high fever 发高烧 5. cough a lot 咳嗽严重 重点 句型 Mum was making breakfast for me when I woke up this morning. 今天早晨当我醒来的时候，妈妈正在为我做早饭。 知识点睛jing 一．形容词awful的用法 教材原文It was an awful day! 这是糟糕的一天! awful作形容词,意为“糟糕的,很坏的”。awful是以元音音素开头的单词,前面要用不定冠词an。 I watched an awful film.我看了一部糟糕的电影。 The weather is awful today.今天天气糟透了。 拓展　awful,terrible和bad都有“坏的”的意思,主要区别如下:awful一般指敬畏,让人害怕的情况;terrible强调惊骇,让人难以接受的情况;bad指通常情况,并不具备感情色彩。因此,从强度上来看:bad<awful<terrible。 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 练一练 What an 　　　    (糟糕的)day it is today! awful 二．below的用法 【教材原句】 It is often very cold and the temperature can drop below zero.经常很冷，并且气温降到零度以下。 解析：below做介词，意为“在……下面；低于”。 例：The temperature is below freezing. 温度低于冰点。 He waited below her window until she opened it and spoke to him.他在窗下一直等到她开窗和他说话。 【辨析】below，under below 在……下面，指处于比某物低的位置，不一定在某物的正下方，它的反义词是above。 under 在……下面，指处于某物的正下方，其反义词是over。 例：Write your name below the line.在线的下面写上你的名字。 He stood under a tree.他站在树下。 三．be busy doing sth的用法 【教材原句】Farmers are busy harvesting crops. 农民们正忙着收割庄稼。 解析：be busy doing sth意为“忙于做某事”。 例：The Greens are busy getting ready for their journey.格林一家人正忙于准备他们的旅行。 【拓展】 be busy with/at/about sth 忙于某事。 例：Kate is busy with her lessons.凯特忙于她的功课。 四．watch sb do sth的用法 【教材原句】Eddie is watching Hobo work. 埃迪正在观看霍波工作。 解析：watch sb do sth 意为“观看某人做某事”，省略to的动词不定式在句中做宾语补足语。watch是感官动词，常用于两种句子结构，即 watch sb do sth“观看某人做某事”，表示补足语的动作已经发生或经常发生；watch sb doing sth“观看某人正在做某事”，表示补足语的动作正在发生。 例：Linda watches her friends playing football.琳达看她的朋友正在踢足球。 I often watch my father ride a horse in the garden.我经常看我父亲在花园里骑马。 五．cloud的用法 【教材原句】 There was not a cloud in the sky. 天空中没有一片云彩。 解析：cloud n. 云。 例：There is more cloud today than yesterday.今天的云比昨天多。 The sky is covered with dark clouds.天空乌云密布。 【拓展】1.cloudy adj. 多云的，阴天的模糊的。 例：It’s cloudy today. 今天多云。 It's a bit cloudy today. 今天有点阴。 That's a cloudy idea. 那是个模糊的想法。 2.cloudy，windy，rainy等都是形容天气的形容词，它们是在名词之后加-y构成形容词。 一言辨异：There are a lot of clouds in the sky and it's cloudy.天空中有许多云，是阴天。 六．make sth for sb的用法/wake up的用法 【教材原句】 Mum was making breakfast for me when I woke up this morning.今天早上当我醒来的时候， 妈妈正在做早饭。 解析：make sth for sb 意为“为某人做某事”。make breakfast for me意为“为我做早饭”，也可用cook breakfast for me来表达。 例：He made a birthday card for his mother yesterday.昨天他给他妈妈做了张生日卡片。 解析：wake up意为“叫醒醒来”，是“动词 + 副词”短语，代词做宾语时必须放在 wake和 up 的中间。 例：Every day I wake up at six o'clock. 每天我六点醒来。 Please wake up your younger sister，Amy.埃米，请把你妹妹叫醒。 Mum asked you to wake me up at eight o'clock.妈妈让你在八点叫醒我。 七. till的用法 【教材原句】 The rain was falling from morning till night.雨从早上一直下到晚上。 解析：till是介词，意为“直到”。 例：We knew nothing about it till yesterday.我们到昨天才知道此事。 【拓展】till conj. 直到……为止。 例：Let’s wait till the rain stops. 让我们等到雨停。 【辨析】 till，until 1.till和until的意思基本相同，都可用作连词或介词。till和until用于肯定句时，主句的动作一般是延续性的，它表示动作一直延续到从句所表示的时间为止。 2.till和until用于否定句时，主句的动作是终止性的。 3.在句首，常用until，不用till。 例：I waited till/until he came back home. 我一直等到他回家。 Until you told me，I knew nothing at all about it.在你告诉我之前，我对此事一无所知。 八. kick的用法 【教材原句】 I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park.在公园里，我看见一些孩子在踢球。 解析：kick vt. 踢。 例：He kicked a goal in the first half of the match.在比赛的上半场他踢进了一球。 Someone kicked me at the leg.有人在我的腿上踢了一脚。 【拓展】 kick n. 踢，踢球。 例：Give the door a kick to open it. 把门踢开。 【固定搭配】 kick off（足球）开球，踢脱。 例：The chairperson kicked off and the football match started.主席开了球，足球比赛开始了。 He kicked his shoes off and lay on the bed.他踢掉了鞋，躺在床上。 九．fever的用法/cough的用法 【教材原句】 I had a high fever and coughed a lot…我发高烧并且咳得很厉害…… 解析：fever n. 发烧。 例：Jim had a high fever. 吉姆发高烧了。 含fever的相关短语 have a fever 发烧 have a high fever 发高烧 解析：Cough vi. 咳嗽。 例：He coughed day and night. 他日夜咳嗽。 You should also wash if you cough or sneeze into your hands.如果你用手捂嘴咳嗽或打喷嚏也应该洗手。 【拓展】 cough n. 咳嗽。 例：Some people get a cough that lasts longer.有些人会咳嗽并持续更长时间。 含cough的相关短语 have a cough 咳嗽 have a bad/heavy cough 咳嗽得厉害 十.awful的用法 【教材原句】 It was an awful day! 多么糟糕的一天! 解析：awful adj. 糟糕的，很坏的。 例：He made an awful mistake.他犯了个糟糕的错误。 He is an awful man.他是个讨厌的男人。 【拓展】 awfully adv. 可怕地；非常，很，极，相当于very。 例：I'm awfully sorry. 我很抱歉。 十一．简单句的五种基本句式 英语中的简单句可以分为以下五种类型: (1)主语+谓语(S+V) (2)主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) (3)主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) (4)主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) (5)主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+DO+OC) 五个基本句式详细解释如下: 1.S+V句式 在此句式中,V是不及物动词。 The sun rises.太阳升起来了。 The old man exercises every day.那位老人每天都锻炼。 2.S+V+O句式 在此句式中,V是及物动词,因此有宾语。 I drink milk in the morning.我早晨喝牛奶。 Sandy sang an English song.桑迪唱了一首英语歌曲。 3.S+V+P句式 在此句式中,V是系动词。常见的系动词有:be、look、sound、feel、taste、smell、grow、get、become、turn等。 Her father looks young.她爸爸看起来很年轻。 Your idea sounds good.你的主意听起来不错。 4.S+V+IO+DO句式 在此句式中,V是可带双宾语的及物动词,人为间接宾语,物为直接宾语。常跟双宾语的动词有两类: ①give/show/send/pass/lend/teach sb. sth.=give/show/send/pass/ lend/teach sth. to sb. ②buy/make/find/get sb. sth.=buy/make/find/get sth. for sb. 5.S+V+DO+OC句式 在此句式中,V是可接宾语补足语的及物动词。常作宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。 I found the story interesting.我发现这个故事很有趣。 “The river is rising quickly” belongs to 　　　    . A.S+V　　　 　 B.S+V+O C.S+V+P　　　　 D.S+V+DO+OC A The river为主语,is rising为谓语,quickly是状语。故选A。 分层练习 【基础练习】 一.根据句意和所给提示完成句子 1.We can see a lot of dark 　　　(云) before it rains.  2.I had a bad cold and 　　　(咳嗽) a lot last night.  3.The boy had a high 　　　(发烧) and felt terrible.  4.Look! Some kids are 　　　(踢) the ball in the street. It’s dangerous.  5.It was an 　　　(糟糕的)day that day. 1.clouds　2.coughed　3.fever　4.kicking　5.awful 二.在下面每个句子后的横线上写出其所属的句子结构  6.Suddenly,he heard someone shouting “Fire. Fire. Help!”. 　　　　　　　  7.We are all students. 　　　　　　　  8.You look well today. 　　　　　　　  9.The girl in a red dress loves reading very much. 　　　　　　　  10.His words made me unhappy. 　　　　　　  11.That fat boy is running on the playground.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  12.My father bought me a new pen yesterday. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  13.The wind blows. 　　　　　　　  14.He watches TV at home in the evening. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  15.It is very hot now. 　　　　　　　  6.S+V+DO+OC　7.S+V+P　8.S+V+P　9.S+V+O　10.S+V+DO+OC　11.S+V　12.S+V+IO+DO 13.S+V　 14.S+V+O　15.S+V+P 三.单项选择 16.　　　 awful bus tour we had! The bus was broken when we went sightseeing around the city.  A.How　　　 　 B.What a C.What an　　　　 D.How an 17.The sentence structure of “The food tastes better than I cooked last week.” is　　　.  A.S+V+O　　　 B.S+V C.S+V+DO+OC　　　 D.S+V+P 18.You often　　　,Bill. Stop smoking,and you’ll get better soon.  A.cough　　　　 B.laugh　　　　 C.cry　　　　 D.sleep 19.When spring comes, the trees turn 　　　 and the temperature 　　　 quickly.  A.green;drops　　 B.brown;rises C.green;rises　　　 D.brown;drops 20.I visited the zoo last Sunday. A.主语　　　　 B.谓语　　　　 C.状语　　　　 D.宾语 21.The food in the restaurant is delicious. A.表语　　　　 B.宾语　　　　 C.主语　　　　 D.谓语 22.The quiet music makes me relax.  A.宾语　　　　 B.状语 C.宾补　　　　 D.定语 23.It is our duty to protect the environment.  A.直接宾语　　　　 B.间接宾语　　　　 C.形式主语　　　　 D.真正主语 24.I bought my mother some flowers on Mother’s Day.  A.直接宾语　　　　B.间接宾语　　　　 C.表语　　　 　D.状语 16.C　句意:我们经历了一次多么糟糕的公共汽车旅行啊!当我们绕城观光时,公共汽车坏了。感叹句中心词bus为可数名词单数,且awful以元音音素开头,故选C。 17.D　The food 是主语, tastes是表感官的系动词,系动词后面跟表语,故题中句子结构为 “主系表”:S+V+P,故选D。 18.A　句意:你经常咳嗽,比尔。停止吸烟,很快你就会好很多。根据句意可知选A。 19.C　句意:当春天来临的时候,树变成绿色,气温快速上升。根据常识可知春天树是绿色的,并且气温回升。故选C。 20.B　分析句子结构可知,画线部分动词visited在句中作谓语,故选B。 21.A　分析句子结构可知,画线部分形容词位于is后作表语,故选A。 22.C　分析句子结构可知,动词makes在句中作谓语,me为宾语,而画线词relax补充说明宾语的动作,为宾语补足语,故选C。 23.D　分析句子结构可知,It为形式主语,而真正的主语为画线部分,故选D。 24.B　动词buy后可接双宾语,buy sb. sth. 结构中,sb.为间接宾语,sth.为直接宾语,画线部分为my mother,为间接宾语,故选B。 【能力拓展】 一.从方框中选择合适的单词,并用其适当形式填空  ice, scream, sleep, snowman, everywhere 1.The boy always threw rubbish 　　　in the past,but now he doesn’t.  2.Water becomes 　　　 when the temperature is below zero.  3.The girl 　　　 when she suddenly saw a snake in front of her.  9.People like to make 　　　 after a heavy snow.  5.I went to bed too late last night,so I was very 　　　 this morning.  1.everywhere　2.ice　3.screamed　4.snowmen　5.sleepy 二.单项选择 1.—Did you find your watch? —No. I looked for it 　　　, but I couldn’t find it　　　.  A.anywhere;everywhere B.somewhere;everywhere C.everywhere;anywhere D.everywhere;somewhere 2.Be　　　! Your father is sleeping. He is　　　 tired.  A.quiet;quietly　　　　 B.quite;quiet C.quietly;quite　　　　 D.quiet;quite 3.If the temperature is below 0℃, water will turn into 　　　 in the open air.  A.ice　　　　 B.steam C.fog　　　 　 D.rain 4.—Did you watch the first match of the 2018 FIFA World Cup? —Of course! We were so 　　　 to watch the　　　 match. A.exciting;excited　　　　 B.excited;excited  C.exciting;exciting　　　　 D.excited;exciting 5.They stood in the city square for half an hour, 　　　 the stars in the sky.  A.watching　　　　 B.to watch C.watch　　　 　 D.watched 1.C　anywhere任何地方,常用于疑问句和否定句中;everywhere到处;somewhere某处,常用于肯定句中。结合句意可知选C。 2.D　句意:安静!你的爸爸正在睡觉,他很累。quiet是形容词,意为“安静的”;quite是副词,意为“很,十分”,常用来修饰形容词。结合句意可知选D。 3.A　句意:如果气温在零度以下,在户外水就会变成冰。ice冰;steam水蒸气,蒸汽;fog雾;rain雨。根据句意可知选A。 4.D　考查形容词的用法辨析。exciting意为“令人激动的”,表事物本身的性质;excited意为“感到激动的,兴奋的”,强调人的主观感受。故选D。 5.A　句意:他们在城市广场站了半个小时,看着天上的星星。现在分词作伴随状语,故选A 三.根据短文内容回答问题 Farmer Pak Sadiman has made it his task to do something about Central Java’s water shortage problem, little by little. He has changed his dry village into a place rich in ground water by planting trees on nearby land for the last 19 years, and he is encouraging others to join in, too. Sadiman realized that the land was in need of some water when the Gendol River—previously (以前) the source of water for villagers—was quickly drying up. Even rubber trees, the local people’s main source of income (收入来源), were so dry that they could no longer produce rubber latex (橡胶乳). It was then that Sadiman took action so that his children and grandchildren could take advantage of the planted trees. “Banyan (榕树) trees, unlike rubber trees, can keep groundwater. The more banyan trees are planted, the more clean water villagers will get,” he thought. Although he went through a hard time, the farmer never became discouraged from achieving his goal—providing his village with a clean water source. He’s planted at least 11, 000 trees over the last 19 years, and his village seems to have escaped from the dry season. Villagers have joined in Sadiman’s efforts and worked alongside him to plant the trees. “Pak Sadiman is our hero. This village used to fight with water shortage, but now we have enough water because of him,” said the head of the village.   Sadiman said as long as he’s healthy, he’ll continue to plant trees to help provide clean water for his villagers. 1.What problem did the village have?   2.What did Sadiman do to solve the problem?   3.How long had Sadiman been working on the task?   4.What does the underlined words “escaped from” in Paragraph 5 mean?   5.What do you think of Sadiman?   1.Water shortage./The village was short of water.　根据第一段中的“his task to do something about Central Java’s water shortage problem”可知,这个村里缺水。 2.(He solved the problem) by planting a large number of Banyan trees. Besides, he encouraged other villagers to join in the task.　根据第二段“He has changed his dry village into a place rich in ground water by planting trees on nearby land for the last 19 years, and he is encouraging others to join in, too.”及第四段中的“The more banyan trees are planted, the more clean water villagers will get”可知,他通过多年来种植大量的榕树来改变他们村庄水资源短缺这一问题,他还鼓励其他村民也加入到这个活动中来。 3.For 19 years.　根据第五段第一句中的“He’s planted at least 11, 000 trees over the last 19 years”可知,他坚持种树19年。 4.get rid of/stay away from/be free from/摆脱;免遭;避免。根据第二段第一句中的“He has changed his dry village into a place rich in ground water”可知,这位农民在自己家乡坚持多年种榕树的目的是改变当地水资源短缺的状况。故此处意思应该是“摆脱干旱”。答语可用英语同义短语,也可用其对应汉语意思。 5.He is a hero/wise man./He is a common man with perseverance/a determined mind./He is unselfish./He is hardworking.　通读全文可了解这位农民为改变家乡的环境而长期坚持种榕树的善举,根据倒数第二段中的“Pak Sadiman is our hero.”可知答案。 四.书面表达 假如你是电台主持人,准备播送天气预报,请根据以下要点,写一篇80词左右的文稿。文章的开头已给出,不计入总词数。 要点: 1.明天南方大部分城市将是晴天,万里无云。人们可在城市周边 进行一次短途旅行。广州温度将达26度,有点热,最好戴上墨镜(sunglasses)。 2.气温在北方稍低,长春明天将有暴风雨。气温在15度左右。大雨可能会引发多种问题。人们开车应缓慢并小心。小孩应待在室内而不是出去玩。 Good evening, everyone! Welcome to listen to the weather report! Good evening, everyone! Welcome to listen to the weather report!   Most cities in the south will be sunny tomorrow. There will be no clouds in the sky. People can have a short trip around the city. The temperature will be 26 degrees in Guangzhou. It’s a bit hot and you’d better wear sunglasses. The temperature will be lower in the north. There will be storms in Changchun tomorrow with the temperature around 15 degrees. The heavy rain may cause many problems. People should drive slowly and carefully. It’s better for children to stay inside instead of going out. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$