Unit2 School life 第2课时 Reading-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年八年级英语上册同步学与练（牛津译林版）

Unit2 School life 第2课时 Reading 目标导航jing 重点 词汇 1. n. 法语 2. adj. 外国的 3. n. 语言 4. prep. 在……期间 5. v. 讨论 6. v. 主动提出；自愿给予 7. v. 结束 8. n. 棒球 9. v. 赢 重点 词组 1. 在八年级 2. 阅读周 3. 在一周内 4. 和某人讨论某事 5. 在课堂上 6. 看似 7. 给某人提供帮忙 8. 一起做运动 9. 打棒球 10. 每次 重点 句型 1. Boys and girls . 男女生一起上课。 2. all my subjects, I French . 在所有科目中，我最喜欢法语。 3. I often read books my classmates. 我经常比同班同学读的书多。 4. the week, we discuss the books with our classmates in class. 一周快结束的时候，我们和同班同学在课上讨论书。 5. Time go faster when we are reading interesting books. 当我们读有趣的书的时候，时间好像过得更快。 6. He often my problems and me help. 他经常认真倾听我的问题并且给予我帮助。 7. On Friday afternoon，our school ends . 星期五下午，我们学校放学比平时早。 8. ， I play baseball after school. 放学后我一周打两次棒球。 9. Our team last month. 上个月我们队赢了两场比赛。 知识点睛jing 一．offer的用法 教材原文He often listens carefully to my problems and offers me help.他经常认真地听我的问题并给我提供帮助。 offer作动词,意为“主动提出;自愿给予”。offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.,意为“(主动)为某人提供某物”;offer to do sth.意为“主动提出做某事”。如: Miss Yang offered me some books.杨老师给了我一些书。 Jack offered to help me with my Math.杰克主动提出帮助我学习数学。 练一练 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 Li Qiang o　　　     to give his seat to an old woman on the bus just now. 二．动词win的用法 教材原文Our team won two games last month.上个月,我们队赢了两场比赛。 win用作及物动词,意为“赢得;赢,获胜”,过去式为won。常用短语:win first prize获得一等奖;win a game/a match赢了比赛;win a prize获奖。 The Chinese football team won the final match this time.中国足球队这次在决赛中获胜了。 拓展    (1)win的名词形式为winner,意为“获胜者”。 Who is the winner in the English competition?英语竞赛中谁是获胜者? (2)beat作及物动词,意为“打败”,后常接对手作宾语。 Li Lei beat all the runners in the 100-meter race.李磊在百米赛跑中击败了所有的对手。 练一练 根据所给句子,填入一个适当的单词,使句意完整 Our P.E. teacher often tells us that we’ll 　　    the game if we pull together. 三．would like 的用法 I'd like to buy some biscuits. 我想买些饼干。 解析：I'd是I would的缩写，would like意为“想要”，在意思上相当于 want，但在语气上比 want委婉，常用于口语中。would是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化。would like后常接名词、代词或动词不定式，但不接动名词。 例：I would like some apples.我想要些苹果。 Would you like to stay here with me? Yes.I'd like to.你愿意和我一起待在这儿吗? 是的，我愿意。 【拓展】： 1.当我们询问或回答某人需要什么时，可以在 would like后面直接跟名词做宾语。对于 would like提出的建议或要求，肯定回答可以说“Yes，please.”，否定回答可以说“No，thanks.”。 例：-What would he like? -He'd like some food.他想要什么? 他想要些食物。 -Would you like some tea? Yes，please./No，thanks.你想喝点儿茶吗? 好的，请来一点儿。/不，谢谢。 2.would like to do sth意为“想要做某事”，would like sb to do sth 意为“想要某人做某事”。 例：We'd like to go with you.我们想和你一起去。 What would you like me to do?你想要我做什么? 四.Shall we..? 的用法 Shall we go together? 我们一起去好吗? 解析：Shall we…? 意为“我们……好吗?”，用于征求他人意见、向他人提出建议或请求他人的许可。 例：Shall we go to the museum?我们去博物馆好吗? 【拓展】：提出建议的常用句型 （1） Could/Would you please do sth? 请你做某事好吗? （2） Shall we/I do sth? 我们/我做某事好吗? （3）Let's do sth. 让我们做某事吧。 （4）Why don't..do sth?… 为什么不做某事呢? （5）Why not do sth? 为什么不做某事呢? （6）You'd better do sth. 你最好做某事。 （7）Would you like to do sth? 你想要做某事吗? （8）How/What about sth/doing sth? 做某事怎么样? 五．French 的用法 …，I like French best. ……，我最喜欢法语。 解析：French n.法语，是不可数名词。 例：He speaks French，and Chinese as well.他说法语，也说汉语。 【拓展】：French adj. 法国的，法语的，法国人的；France n. 法国；Frenchman n. 法国人（男），其复数形求是 Frenchmen；Frenchwoman n.法国人（女），其复数形式是 Frenchwomen。 例：He is French.but he lives in Suzhou now.他是法国人，但他现在住在苏州。 My uncle lives in France now.我叔叔现在住在法国。 Peter and Jim are both Frenchmen.彼得和吉姆都是法国人。 一言辨异： You’re not French and we're not in France.你不是法国人并且我们也不在法国。 六．foreign 的用法/language 的用法 Learning foreign languages is fun. 学外语很有趣。 解析：foreign adj. 外国的。 例：We have some foreign magazines here.我们这里有一些外国杂志。 Which foreign country do you like to visit?你想要游览哪一个外国国家? 【拓展】：foreigner n. 外国人，是可数名词。 例：Some foreigners will come to visit our school tomorrow.一些外国人明天将要来参观我们的学校。 解析：language n.语言，是可数名词。 例：My native language is Chinese.我的母语是汉语。 We must learn the language and know how to use it well.我们必须学习语言并且了解如何很好地使用它 含 language 的相关短语 spoken language 口语 written language 书面语 body language 肢体语言 language school 语言学校 first language 第一语言，母语 【拓展】：English英语；French法语；Chinese 汉语；Russian俄语；German德语；Italian 意大利语；Spanish 西班牙语。 七．during 的用法/borrow ... from...的用法 During the week，we can borrow more books from the school library.在这一周里，我们可以从学校图书馆借更多的书。 解析：during prep. 在……期间，指一段时间中的某一时候。 例：We often helped her with her studies during her illness.在她生病期间我们在学习方面经常帮助她。 The children had a great time during the vacation.放假期间孩子们玩得很开心。 【辨析】：during，in during ：表示动作发生在某一段时间的某一时候，其后所接的词表示特定的一段时间的整体。 In：表示动作的自始至终，其后所接的词表示一段时间。 例：They played games during the afternoon.整个下午他们都在做游戏。 The weather is cold in winter.冬天天气寒冷。 解析：borrow...from... 意为“从……借……”。 例：I wanted to borrow some money from her，but she lent me nothing.我想向她借点钱，但她分文不借。 【拓展】：lend是将被借者作为动作发出的主体，把某物借给他人，其后可以接双宾语。常用短语为∶lend sb sth/lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人。 八．bring in 的用法 We can also bring in books and magazines from home.我们也可以从家里带来书和杂志。 解析：bring in 意为“带进，带入；增加”。 例：She brought in her pet dog to the office yesterday.昨天她把宠物狗带到了办公室。 九．end 的用法/discuss的用法 Near the end of the week，we discuss the books with our classmates in class.在这周临近结束时，在课堂上我们和同学们讨论这些书。 解析：end n.&vi.&.vt. 结束，终止。 例：We will finish the work at the end of this month.我们将在这个月底完成这项工作。 How did the story end up?这个故事是如何结尾的? 【辨析】：1. end，finish end：是一般用语，指“停止、结束”某一进程，使其不再进展或延续下去，不强调该进度是否圆满完成。 finish：指做完一件事或完成一个动作，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 例：They ended the party with songs.他们在歌声中结束了聚会。 The house will soon be finished.这所房子很快就完工。 一言辨异： The story has not been finished，but it is ended here.故事还没有完，但在这儿结束了。 【辨析】： 2. at the end of，by the end of，in the end at the end of：既可指时间的终点，又可指某个地点的尽头。 by the end of：只能指时间，强调“最后的时限”。 in the end：意为“最后，终于”，可单独使用。 例：I'll go abroad at the end of this month.这个月底我将出国。 I had collected 100 CDs by the end of last month.到上个月底，我已收集了100 张光盘。 We found him in the end. 我们终于找到了他。 一言辨异： In the end，I found the small shop at the end of the street.我终于在大街的尽头找到了那家小商店。 解析：discuss vt. 讨论，议论。 例：We will discuss that problem after lunch.午饭后我们要讨论那个问题。 【拓展】：discussion n.讨论，议论。 例：We had a long discussion about the matter.关于这件事我们进行了长时间的讨论。 含 discuss（ion）的相关短语 discuss sth with sb 与某人讨论某事 a class discussion 课堂讨论 a group discussion 小组讨论 have a discussion 进行讨论 under discussion 在讨论中 十．practice 的用法 I love this game and practice hard every time.我喜欢这项运动并且每次都刻苦训练。 解析：句中 practice是动词，意为“练习；操练；实践”，它用作及物动词时，后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式或 wh- 从句做宾语，不可接动词不定式。 例：Don't forget to practice speaking English every morning.不要忘记每天早上练习说英语。 The students are practicing playing basketball.学生们正在练习打篮球。 【拓展】：practice 还可做不可数名词，意为“练习”。 例：It's time to get down to some practice.到了开始认真做些练习的时候了。 【注意】：动词 practice 是美式拼法，其英式拼法是 practise。 十一．win 的用法 Our team won two games last month.上个月我们球队赢了两场比赛。 解析：win vt.& vi. 赢得；赢，获胜。 例：How can I win back her trust?我怎样才能重新赢得她的信任? The famous scientist won the Nobel Prize for physics.那位著名的科学家获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。 Our team won the match.我们队赢了那场比赛。 【辨析】：win，beat 两者都有“赢”的意思，但win后的宾语一般只能是比赛、奖品、金钱等词；而 beat后的宾语一般是人单位、集体或国家等。 例：Who wins the first place?谁得了第一名? We beat their team by 98 to 90.我们以98 比 90 战胜了他们队。 【拓展】：winner是可数名词，意为“获胜者”。 十二.one one's/the way（to sp）的用法 On the way home，Daniel tells Kitty about John's school life.在回家的路上，丹尼尔告诉基蒂关于约翰的学校生活。 解析：on one's/the way（to）sp 意为“在某人去某地的路上”。 例：I met Amy on my way to the library.在去图书馆的路上我遇到了埃米。 【拓展】：on one's way home 意为“在某人回家的路上”，其中的 home是副词，其前不可加任何介词。 例：I saw a little cat on my way home yesterday.昨天我在回家的路上看见了一只小猫。 十三．borrow、lend和keep Do you often borrow books from the library? 你经常从图书馆借书吗? You mustn’t lend it to others.你一定不要把它借给别人。 How long can I keep the book?我能借这本书多长时间? 练一练 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 I 　 　　    (借)an interesting book from the school library yesterday. 分层练习 【基础练习】 一.根据句意及所给提示完成单词 1.Have you read the report? Those 　　　(英雄) stories really touched me deeply.  2.It’s a good way to learn a 　　　(外国) language by listening and speaking.  3.Could I 　　　(借) your dictionary?  4.A stranger 　　　(主动提出) to give her a ride on the street, but she refused politely. 5.China’s women’s soccer team 　　　 (赢得)a ticket to this summer’s Tokyo Olympics in April. 6.If you would like to 　　　 (讨论)the matter further, please call me.   7.It s　　　 that Huawei Company has a difficult time at the moment.   8.People in Canada speak English or F　　　.  9.Our school has some 　　　 (not of or from one’s own country) teachers.  10.There will be an English Evening at the 　　　　　 (the final or last part) of this month.  二.单项选择 1.—Do you play 　　　 piano in your free time?   —No, I like sports. I often play 　　　 baseball with my friends.  A./;the　　　 　 B.the;/ C.the;the　　　　 D.a;a 2.It sounds like a good plan, but you should 　　　 it with your parents first.  A.keep　　　　 B.learn　　　　 C.discuss　　　　 D.choose 3.Cathy always makes good use of her time to study, even 　　　　 her lunch break.   A.around　　　　 B.during C.from　　　　 D.between 4.Volunteering our time to help people 　　　 a good way to learn new things.  A.am　　　　 B.is　　　　 C.are 5.I often do volunteer work in the library 　　　 Sundays.  A.at　　　　 B.in　　　　 C.on　　　　 D.for 6.—Wonderful! Our school basketball team 　　　 the final.  —Yes. Sounds great! A.lost　　　　 B.beat　　　　 C.missed　　　　 D.won 7.Look! some foreign students are practising 　　　 Chinese over there in the park.  A.to speak　　　　 B.speaking C.speak　　　　 D.speaks 8.Simon is a good boy; he 　　　 to help old people in hospital on Sundays. A.fails　　　　 B.forgets  C.hates　　　　 D.offers 9.—　　　 your school life 　　　 ?  —It’s busy and interesting. School is really full of fun. A.What does;like　　 B.What is;like C.How does;like　　 D.How is;like 10.—Mary, my computer doesn’t work well. Can I 　　　 yours? —No problem. But don’t 　　　 it to others.  A.lend;borrow　　　 B.lend;lend C.borrow;borrow　 D.borrow;lend 三.根据汉语意思完成句子 1.当你快乐的时候,时间似乎总是过得更快。 When you are happy, time always　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  2.直到电影的最后,你才能知道是谁救了小女孩。 You won’t find out who saved the little girl 　　　　　　　　　　　.  3.我们一周打两次棒球。 We　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  4.我可以跟你借一本杂志吗? May I 　 ?  5.因为看演出,我们昨天放学比平时稍微迟了点。 Because we watched a show, school ended 　　　　　　　　　 yesterday.  6.中国大多数学校是混合学校。 Most Chinese schools are 　　 　　　　.  7.放风筝很有趣。　　　　　　　　　 great fun.  8.请帮助我更多地了解你们学校。 Please help me　　　　　　　　 your school.   9.他认真倾听你的问题吗? Does he　　　　　　　　　 your problem?  【能力拓展】 阅读理解 A At school, students learn different subjects like English, Math, Art and so on. They learn these subjects in the classroom. These days, a new subject becomes popular in many schools. That is school gardening. Students learn it outside the classroom. It is not only an interesting subject, but also a great way to keep healthy. In the gardening class, students can go outside and get fresh air. More importantly, they can learn a lot. When some young students have food, they always ask, “Where does the rice come from?” In this class, they can get the answer. And they can learn to do things with their own hands. They can also learn some teamwork skills and care about nature, others and themselves. Keeping a school garden is difficult, but teachers are trying to make it work. Some schools can have gardens inside, but other schools are small, so teachers turn to gardens and parks near the school. The school garden doesn’t have to be very big. Students can have a lot of fun in it. At first, teachers decide what vegetables to grow. Then they grow them with students. Carrots and tomatoes are their favorites because it is nice for them to get a carrot or a tomato, wash it and eat it right in the garden. Some vegetables are easy to grow, but others need a long time. This can teach students hard work pays off.  Gardening is as important as any other subject. Students should learn it at school. 1.Students CANNOT 　　　 in the gardening class.   A.keep healthy B.stay in the classroom C.learn to care about others D.learn where the rice comes from 2.Teachers and students like to grow carrots and tomatoes because 　　　.   A.they are easy to grow B.they can have fun when growing them C.they can eat them right in the garden D.they don’t need a long time like others 3.What does the underlined phrase “pays off” mean in Chinese? A.有所回报 B.得到报酬 C.偿还债务 D.取得佳绩 4.What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A.Most students don’t like gardening. B.The school garden must be big enough. C.Schools should have gardening as a subject. D.There will be more outdoor subjects for students. 5.What may be the best title of this passage? A.My favourite subject B.How to keep a school garden C.Colourful after-school activities D.Gardening—a new subject at school B What time does your school start? Do you wish you could get up later every morning? You are not alone if your answer is “Yes.” In the US, many middle school students have the same wish. In America, many schools start before 7:30 am. But that may change soon. A new law has been passed in California. According to the law, middle schools should not start before 8:00 am. The government hopes school children will have longer time in bed. Many scientific studies show that teenagers are more active in the afternoon and in the evening. Simply telling them to go to bed earlier doesn’t work well. Most of them don’t get enough sleep because of bad sleeping habits and early school starting time. They need more sleep in the morning. Scientists suggest middle schools should start at 8:00 am. or later. Students can get well ready to learn and they won’t fall asleep in class. 　　　　　　 The change can help improve students’ grades.  While scientists are happy with the new law, many parents disagree with it. They won’t be able to send their children to school before they go to work. They also fear that later school starting time will lead to later ending time. As a result, their children will have less time to take part in after-school activities. It’s good news that Chinese education experts have noticed the problem and made some rules about that. So what’s your opinion? Do you expect China to pass a similar law? 1.The schools shouldn’t start 　　　 according to the new law in California.   A.before 7:30 a.m. B.after 7:30 a.m. C.after 8:00 a.m. D.before 8:00 a.m. 2.Why don’t most of the teenagers get enough sleep? A.Because their parents need them to do housework. B.Because their sleeping habits are bad and schools start early. C.Because they play computer games too late. D.Because they have too much homework. 3.Which sentence do you think can be filled in the blank in Paragraph 3? A.They can put on weight. B.They will like their teachers. C.They will join more clubs. D.They will pay more attention to classes. 4.What can we know from the passage? A.The government of New York has passed a new law. B.All the parents disagree with the law. C.Later school starting time may lead to fewer after-school activities. D.Teenagers are more active in the morning. 5.From the passage, we can infer(推断)that 　　　.  A.students should have enough sleeping time in the writer’s opinion B.students in California will have less sleeping time C.Chinese experts aren’t worried about students’ sleeping time D.China has already passed a similar law 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit2 School life 第2课时 Reading 目标导航jing 重点 词汇 1.French n. 法语 2. foreign adj. 外国的 3. language n. 语言 4. during prep. 在……期间 5. discuss v. 讨论 6. offer v. 主动提出；自愿给予 7. end v. 结束 8. baseball n. 棒球 9. win v. 赢 重点 词组 1.in Year 8 在八年级 2. Reading Week 阅读周 3. during a week 在一周内 4. discuss sth. with sb. 和某人讨论某事 5. in class 在课堂上 6. seem to 看似 7. offer sb. Help 给某人提供帮忙 8. do sports together 一起做运动 9. play baseball 打棒球 10. every time 每次 重点 句型 1. Boys and girls have lessons together . 男女生一起上课。 2. Among all my subjects, I like French best . 在所有科目中，我最喜欢法语。 3. I often read more books than my classmates. 我经常比同班同学读的书多。 4. Near the end of the week, we discuss the books with our classmates in class. 一周快结束的时候，我们和同班同学在课上讨论书。 5. Time seems to go faster when we are reading interesting books. 当我们读有趣的书的时候，时间好像过得更快。 6. He often listens carefully to my problems and offers me help. 他经常认真倾听我的问题并且给予我帮助。 7. On Friday afternoon，our school ends earlier than usual . 星期五下午，我们学校放学比平时早。 8. Twice a week ， I play baseball after school. 放学后我一周打两次棒球。 9. Our team won two games last month. 上个月我们队赢了两场比赛。 知识点睛jing 一．offer的用法 教材原文He often listens carefully to my problems and offers me help.他经常认真地听我的问题并给我提供帮助。 offer作动词,意为“主动提出;自愿给予”。offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.,意为“(主动)为某人提供某物”;offer to do sth.意为“主动提出做某事”。如: Miss Yang offered me some books.杨老师给了我一些书。 Jack offered to help me with my Math.杰克主动提出帮助我学习数学。 练一练 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 Li Qiang o　　　     to give his seat to an old woman on the bus just now. offered 二．动词win的用法 教材原文Our team won two games last month.上个月,我们队赢了两场比赛。 win用作及物动词,意为“赢得;赢,获胜”,过去式为won。常用短语:win first prize获得一等奖;win a game/a match赢了比赛;win a prize获奖。 The Chinese football team won the final match this time.中国足球队这次在决赛中获胜了。 拓展    (1)win的名词形式为winner,意为“获胜者”。 Who is the winner in the English competition?英语竞赛中谁是获胜者? (2)beat作及物动词,意为“打败”,后常接对手作宾语。 Li Lei beat all the runners in the 100-meter race.李磊在百米赛跑中击败了所有的对手。 练一练 根据所给句子,填入一个适当的单词,使句意完整 Our P.E. teacher often tells us that we’ll 　　    the game if we pull together. win 三．would like 的用法 I'd like to buy some biscuits. 我想买些饼干。 解析：I'd是I would的缩写，would like意为“想要”，在意思上相当于 want，但在语气上比 want委婉，常用于口语中。would是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化。would like后常接名词、代词或动词不定式，但不接动名词。 例：I would like some apples.我想要些苹果。 Would you like to stay here with me? Yes.I'd like to.你愿意和我一起待在这儿吗? 是的，我愿意。 【拓展】： 1.当我们询问或回答某人需要什么时，可以在 would like后面直接跟名词做宾语。对于 would like提出的建议或要求，肯定回答可以说“Yes，please.”，否定回答可以说“No，thanks.”。 例：-What would he like? -He'd like some food.他想要什么? 他想要些食物。 -Would you like some tea? Yes，please./No，thanks.你想喝点儿茶吗? 好的，请来一点儿。/不，谢谢。 2.would like to do sth意为“想要做某事”，would like sb to do sth 意为“想要某人做某事”。 例：We'd like to go with you.我们想和你一起去。 What would you like me to do?你想要我做什么? 四.Shall we..? 的用法 Shall we go together? 我们一起去好吗? 解析：Shall we…? 意为“我们……好吗?”，用于征求他人意见、向他人提出建议或请求他人的许可。 例：Shall we go to the museum?我们去博物馆好吗? 【拓展】：提出建议的常用句型 （1） Could/Would you please do sth? 请你做某事好吗? （2） Shall we/I do sth? 我们/我做某事好吗? （3）Let's do sth. 让我们做某事吧。 （4）Why don't..do sth?… 为什么不做某事呢? （5）Why not do sth? 为什么不做某事呢? （6）You'd better do sth. 你最好做某事。 （7）Would you like to do sth? 你想要做某事吗? （8）How/What about sth/doing sth? 做某事怎么样? 五．French 的用法 …，I like French best. ……，我最喜欢法语。 解析：French n.法语，是不可数名词。 例：He speaks French，and Chinese as well.他说法语，也说汉语。 【拓展】：French adj. 法国的，法语的，法国人的；France n. 法国；Frenchman n. 法国人（男），其复数形求是 Frenchmen；Frenchwoman n.法国人（女），其复数形式是 Frenchwomen。 例：He is French.but he lives in Suzhou now.他是法国人，但他现在住在苏州。 My uncle lives in France now.我叔叔现在住在法国。 Peter and Jim are both Frenchmen.彼得和吉姆都是法国人。 一言辨异： You’re not French and we're not in France.你不是法国人并且我们也不在法国。 六．foreign 的用法/language 的用法 Learning foreign languages is fun. 学外语很有趣。 解析：foreign adj. 外国的。 例：We have some foreign magazines here.我们这里有一些外国杂志。 Which foreign country do you like to visit?你想要游览哪一个外国国家? 【拓展】：foreigner n. 外国人，是可数名词。 例：Some foreigners will come to visit our school tomorrow.一些外国人明天将要来参观我们的学校。 解析：language n.语言，是可数名词。 例：My native language is Chinese.我的母语是汉语。 We must learn the language and know how to use it well.我们必须学习语言并且了解如何很好地使用它 含 language 的相关短语 spoken language 口语 written language 书面语 body language 肢体语言 language school 语言学校 first language 第一语言，母语 【拓展】：English英语；French法语；Chinese 汉语；Russian俄语；German德语；Italian 意大利语；Spanish 西班牙语。 七．during 的用法/borrow ... from...的用法 During the week，we can borrow more books from the school library.在这一周里，我们可以从学校图书馆借更多的书。 解析：during prep. 在……期间，指一段时间中的某一时候。 例：We often helped her with her studies during her illness.在她生病期间我们在学习方面经常帮助她。 The children had a great time during the vacation.放假期间孩子们玩得很开心。 【辨析】：during，in during ：表示动作发生在某一段时间的某一时候，其后所接的词表示特定的一段时间的整体。 In：表示动作的自始至终，其后所接的词表示一段时间。 例：They played games during the afternoon.整个下午他们都在做游戏。 The weather is cold in winter.冬天天气寒冷。 解析：borrow...from... 意为“从……借……”。 例：I wanted to borrow some money from her，but she lent me nothing.我想向她借点钱，但她分文不借。 【拓展】：lend是将被借者作为动作发出的主体，把某物借给他人，其后可以接双宾语。常用短语为∶lend sb sth/lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人。 八．bring in 的用法 We can also bring in books and magazines from home.我们也可以从家里带来书和杂志。 解析：bring in 意为“带进，带入；增加”。 例：She brought in her pet dog to the office yesterday.昨天她把宠物狗带到了办公室。 九．end 的用法/discuss的用法 Near the end of the week，we discuss the books with our classmates in class.在这周临近结束时，在课堂上我们和同学们讨论这些书。 解析：end n.&vi.&.vt. 结束，终止。 例：We will finish the work at the end of this month.我们将在这个月底完成这项工作。 How did the story end up?这个故事是如何结尾的? 【辨析】：1. end，finish end：是一般用语，指“停止、结束”某一进程，使其不再进展或延续下去，不强调该进度是否圆满完成。 finish：指做完一件事或完成一个动作，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 例：They ended the party with songs.他们在歌声中结束了聚会。 The house will soon be finished.这所房子很快就完工。 一言辨异： The story has not been finished，but it is ended here.故事还没有完，但在这儿结束了。 【辨析】： 2. at the end of，by the end of，in the end at the end of：既可指时间的终点，又可指某个地点的尽头。 by the end of：只能指时间，强调“最后的时限”。 in the end：意为“最后，终于”，可单独使用。 例：I'll go abroad at the end of this month.这个月底我将出国。 I had collected 100 CDs by the end of last month.到上个月底，我已收集了100 张光盘。 We found him in the end. 我们终于找到了他。 一言辨异： In the end，I found the small shop at the end of the street.我终于在大街的尽头找到了那家小商店。 解析：discuss vt. 讨论，议论。 例：We will discuss that problem after lunch.午饭后我们要讨论那个问题。 【拓展】：discussion n.讨论，议论。 例：We had a long discussion about the matter.关于这件事我们进行了长时间的讨论。 含 discuss（ion）的相关短语 discuss sth with sb 与某人讨论某事 a class discussion 课堂讨论 a group discussion 小组讨论 have a discussion 进行讨论 under discussion 在讨论中 十．practice 的用法 I love this game and practice hard every time.我喜欢这项运动并且每次都刻苦训练。 解析：句中 practice是动词，意为“练习；操练；实践”，它用作及物动词时，后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式或 wh- 从句做宾语，不可接动词不定式。 例：Don't forget to practice speaking English every morning.不要忘记每天早上练习说英语。 The students are practicing playing basketball.学生们正在练习打篮球。 【拓展】：practice 还可做不可数名词，意为“练习”。 例：It's time to get down to some practice.到了开始认真做些练习的时候了。 【注意】：动词 practice 是美式拼法，其英式拼法是 practise。 十一．win 的用法 Our team won two games last month.上个月我们球队赢了两场比赛。 解析：win vt.& vi. 赢得；赢，获胜。 例：How can I win back her trust?我怎样才能重新赢得她的信任? The famous scientist won the Nobel Prize for physics.那位著名的科学家获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。 Our team won the match.我们队赢了那场比赛。 【辨析】：win，beat 两者都有“赢”的意思，但win后的宾语一般只能是比赛、奖品、金钱等词；而 beat后的宾语一般是人单位、集体或国家等。 例：Who wins the first place?谁得了第一名? We beat their team by 98 to 90.我们以98 比 90 战胜了他们队。 【拓展】：winner是可数名词，意为“获胜者”。 十二.one one's/the way（to sp）的用法 On the way home，Daniel tells Kitty about John's school life.在回家的路上，丹尼尔告诉基蒂关于约翰的学校生活。 解析：on one's/the way（to）sp 意为“在某人去某地的路上”。 例：I met Amy on my way to the library.在去图书馆的路上我遇到了埃米。 【拓展】：on one's way home 意为“在某人回家的路上”，其中的 home是副词，其前不可加任何介词。 例：I saw a little cat on my way home yesterday.昨天我在回家的路上看见了一只小猫。 十三．borrow、lend和keep Do you often borrow books from the library? 你经常从图书馆借书吗? You mustn’t lend it to others.你一定不要把它借给别人。 How long can I keep the book?我能借这本书多长时间? 练一练 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 I 　 　　    (借)an interesting book from the school library yesterday. borrowed 分层练习 【基础练习】 一.根据句意及所给提示完成单词 1.Have you read the report? Those 　　　(英雄) stories really touched me deeply.  2.It’s a good way to learn a 　　　(外国) language by listening and speaking.  3.Could I 　　　(借) your dictionary?  4.A stranger 　　　(主动提出) to give her a ride on the street, but she refused politely. 5.China’s women’s soccer team 　　　 (赢得)a ticket to this summer’s Tokyo Olympics in April. 6.If you would like to 　　　 (讨论)the matter further, please call me.   7.It s　　　 that Huawei Company has a difficult time at the moment.   8.People in Canada speak English or F　　　.  9.Our school has some 　　　 (not of or from one’s own country) teachers.  10.There will be an English Evening at the 　　　　　 (the final or last part) of this month.  1.heroes’　2.foreign　3.borrow　4.offered　5.won　6.discuss　7.seems　8.French　9.foreign　10.end 二.单项选择 1.—Do you play 　　　 piano in your free time?   —No, I like sports. I often play 　　　 baseball with my friends.  A./;the　　　 　 B.the;/ C.the;the　　　　 D.a;a 2.It sounds like a good plan, but you should 　　　 it with your parents first.  A.keep　　　　 B.learn　　　　 C.discuss　　　　 D.choose 3.Cathy always makes good use of her time to study, even 　　　　 her lunch break.   A.around　　　　 B.during C.from　　　　 D.between 4.Volunteering our time to help people 　　　 a good way to learn new things.  A.am　　　　 B.is　　　　 C.are 5.I often do volunteer work in the library 　　　 Sundays.  A.at　　　　 B.in　　　　 C.on　　　　 D.for 6.—Wonderful! Our school basketball team 　　　 the final.  —Yes. Sounds great! A.lost　　　　 B.beat　　　　 C.missed　　　　 D.won 7.Look! some foreign students are practising 　　　 Chinese over there in the park.  A.to speak　　　　 B.speaking C.speak　　　　 D.speaks 8.Simon is a good boy; he 　　　 to help old people in hospital on Sundays. A.fails　　　　 B.forgets  C.hates　　　　 D.offers 9.—　　　 your school life 　　　 ?  —It’s busy and interesting. School is really full of fun. A.What does;like　　 B.What is;like C.How does;like　　 D.How is;like 10.—Mary, my computer doesn’t work well. Can I 　　　 yours? —No problem. But don’t 　　　 it to others.  A.lend;borrow　　　 B.lend;lend C.borrow;borrow　 D.borrow;lend 1.B　play后跟表示西洋乐器的名词时要加定冠词the;play后跟表示球类的名词时不加冠词。故选B。 2.C　句意:这听起来是一个好的计划,但是你应该首先和你的父母讨论一下。keep保持;learn学习;discuss讨论;choose选择。根据句意可知选C。 3.B　around在……周围;during在……期间;from来自……; between在……中间。根据句意可知空处表示“午饭休息期间”。故选B。 4.B　“Volunteering our time to help people”是动名词作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式。故选B。 5.C　句意:我经常在星期天到图书馆做义工。在星期几用介词on。故选C。 6.D　lose丢失,失败;beat击败,其后加对手;miss错过;win赢,其后加比赛、名次或奖项等。根据“Wonderful!”可知是赢了,再根据其后赢得的是比赛可知选D。 7.B　practise后接动词的-ing形式,即构成“practise doing sth.”。故选B。 8.D　fail失败;forget忘记;hate讨厌;offer主动提出。由“西蒙是个好孩子”可知他是主动提出帮助老人。故选D。 9.B　“What be...like?”句式,可用于提问天气状况、对特定事物进行描述、询问人的品质、性格等,通常意为“……怎么样?”根据答语可知是问学校生活怎么样,故选B。 10.D　borrow指从……借东西;lend则为把东西借给别人。结合句意可知选D。 三.根据汉语意思完成句子 1.当你快乐的时候,时间似乎总是过得更快。 When you are happy, time always　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  2.直到电影的最后,你才能知道是谁救了小女孩。 You won’t find out who saved the little girl 　　　　　　　　　　　.  3.我们一周打两次棒球。 We　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  4.我可以跟你借一本杂志吗? May I 　 ?  5.因为看演出,我们昨天放学比平时稍微迟了点。 Because we watched a show, school ended 　　　　　　　　　 yesterday.  6.中国大多数学校是混合学校。 Most Chinese schools are 　　 　　　　.  7.放风筝很有趣。　　　　　　　　　 great fun.  8.请帮助我更多地了解你们学校。 Please help me　　　　　　　　 your school.   9.他认真倾听你的问题吗? Does he　　　　　　　　　 your problem?  1.seems to go faster　2.until the end of the film　3.play baseball twice a week　4.borrow a magazine from you　5.a little later than usual　6.mixed schools　7.Flying kites is　8.(to)learn more about　9.listen carefully to 【能力拓展】 阅读理解 A At school, students learn different subjects like English, Math, Art and so on. They learn these subjects in the classroom. These days, a new subject becomes popular in many schools. That is school gardening. Students learn it outside the classroom. It is not only an interesting subject, but also a great way to keep healthy. In the gardening class, students can go outside and get fresh air. More importantly, they can learn a lot. When some young students have food, they always ask, “Where does the rice come from?” In this class, they can get the answer. And they can learn to do things with their own hands. They can also learn some teamwork skills and care about nature, others and themselves. Keeping a school garden is difficult, but teachers are trying to make it work. Some schools can have gardens inside, but other schools are small, so teachers turn to gardens and parks near the school. The school garden doesn’t have to be very big. Students can have a lot of fun in it. At first, teachers decide what vegetables to grow. Then they grow them with students. Carrots and tomatoes are their favorites because it is nice for them to get a carrot or a tomato, wash it and eat it right in the garden. Some vegetables are easy to grow, but others need a long time. This can teach students hard work pays off.  Gardening is as important as any other subject. Students should learn it at school. 1.Students CANNOT 　　　 in the gardening class.   A.keep healthy B.stay in the classroom C.learn to care about others D.learn where the rice comes from 2.Teachers and students like to grow carrots and tomatoes because 　　　.   A.they are easy to grow B.they can have fun when growing them C.they can eat them right in the garden D.they don’t need a long time like others 3.What does the underlined phrase “pays off” mean in Chinese? A.有所回报 B.得到报酬 C.偿还债务 D.取得佳绩 4.What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A.Most students don’t like gardening. B.The school garden must be big enough. C.Schools should have gardening as a subject. D.There will be more outdoor subjects for students. 5.What may be the best title of this passage? A.My favourite subject B.How to keep a school garden C.Colourful after-school activities D.Gardening—a new subject at school 1.B　细节理解题。由第一段中“That is school gardening. Students learn it outside the classroom.”可知园艺课是在室外上,而不是待在教室。故选B。 2.C　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中“Carrots and tomatoes..., wash it and eat it right in the garden.”可知学生能直接在园子吃胡萝卜或西红柿,故选C。 3.A　词义猜测题。根据本段前文所述及所举的具体的例子可知本句表达的是“这能教给学生辛勤劳动会有所回报”。故选A。 4.C　推理判断题。通读全文及根据短文最后一段“Gardening is as important as any other subject. Students should learn it at school.”可知,作者认为学校应该把园艺作为一门科目。 5.D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,短文主要讲述了园艺课的重要性,故选项D作为标题最合适。 B What time does your school start? Do you wish you could get up later every morning? You are not alone if your answer is “Yes.” In the US, many middle school students have the same wish. In America, many schools start before 7:30 am. But that may change soon. A new law has been passed in California. According to the law, middle schools should not start before 8:00 am. The government hopes school children will have longer time in bed. Many scientific studies show that teenagers are more active in the afternoon and in the evening. Simply telling them to go to bed earlier doesn’t work well. Most of them don’t get enough sleep because of bad sleeping habits and early school starting time. They need more sleep in the morning. Scientists suggest middle schools should start at 8:00 am. or later. Students can get well ready to learn and they won’t fall asleep in class. 　　　　　　 The change can help improve students’ grades.  While scientists are happy with the new law, many parents disagree with it. They won’t be able to send their children to school before they go to work. They also fear that later school starting time will lead to later ending time. As a result, their children will have less time to take part in after-school activities. It’s good news that Chinese education experts have noticed the problem and made some rules about that. So what’s your opinion? Do you expect China to pass a similar law? 1.The schools shouldn’t start 　　　 according to the new law in California.   A.before 7:30 a.m. B.after 7:30 a.m. C.after 8:00 a.m. D.before 8:00 a.m. 2.Why don’t most of the teenagers get enough sleep? A.Because their parents need them to do housework. B.Because their sleeping habits are bad and schools start early. C.Because they play computer games too late. D.Because they have too much homework. 3.Which sentence do you think can be filled in the blank in Paragraph 3? A.They can put on weight. B.They will like their teachers. C.They will join more clubs. D.They will pay more attention to classes. 4.What can we know from the passage? A.The government of New York has passed a new law. B.All the parents disagree with the law. C.Later school starting time may lead to fewer after-school activities. D.Teenagers are more active in the morning. 5.From the passage, we can infer(推断)that 　　　.  A.students should have enough sleeping time in the writer’s opinion B.students in California will have less sleeping time C.Chinese experts aren’t worried about students’ sleeping time D.China has already passed a similar law 1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“A new law has been passed in California. According to the law, middle schools should not start before 8:00 am.”可知,根据加利福尼亚的新法律,学校不应该在早上8点之前开学。故选D。 2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Simply telling them to go to bed earlier doesn’t work well. Most of them don’t get enough sleep because of bad sleeping habits and early school starting time.”可知,因为他们的睡眠习惯不好,上学时间早,所以大多数青少年睡眠不足。故选B。 3.D　推理判断题。根据设空处前一句“Students can get well ready to learn and they won’t fall asleep in class.”和后一句“The change can help improve students’ grades.”可知,“他们会更加关注课堂”适合填入第三段的空白处。故选D。 4.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后两句可知,较晚的开学时间可能会导致课外活动减少。故选C。 5.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It’s good news that Chinese education experts have noticed the problem and made some rules about that.”可知,作者同意本文的观点:学生应该有足够的睡眠时间。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$