小升初非谓语动词（讲义）-2023-2024学年译林版（三起）英语六年级下册

非谓语动词 非谓语动词在小学和初中阶段主要考察动词的固定搭配，它重点要求先掌握非谓语动词的表现形式、构成的动词固定搭配，在此基础上理解并逐渐掌握非谓语动词的运用。 二、【知识讲解】 知识点 1——什么是非谓语动词？用来做什么？ 1.概念 非谓语动词是指在句中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词 2. 在句中的成分（见下表） 担任成分 例句 注意事项 不定式 (to do) 主语 To have a picnic in the park is very interesting. 不定式做主语时，也可用 it 做形式主语，不定式做真正主语，放在后面 It is very interesting to have a picnic. 表语 My job is to make sick people better. 同类名词 My wish /dream /goal/ aim / ambition is to... 宾语 I hope to be an engineer in the future. 常见动词： want, plan, would like, hope, decide, need, like 宾补 My mother wants me to be a doctor. 常见动词：ask, tell, invite, teach, want, would like 状语 Our students work hard to get high scores. 这里不定式通常表“目的”，所以在对 划线部分提问时，用 why/what...for 定语 I have much work to do today. 动名词 (doing) 主语 Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes. 表语 My hobby is collecting stamps. 宾语 I like swimming in summer. He is good at drawing. 常见动词及短语： Finish, enjoy, love, like, be good at, be afraid of, be busying doing. 定语 Let’s buy a washing 动名词做定语只表示所修饰词的用 machine. She is reading in the reading room. 途及所属关系，放在修饰词之前。 Washing machine= a machine for washing 不定式 (省略 to) 宾补 I often hear the boy play the piano in the morning. The father is making his baby laugh. 使役动词（make, let）和感官动词（see, hear,feel,watch, listen to）做宾语补足语时，省略 to. 口决：一感（feel）二听（hear,listen to） 三让（make,let） 四看（see, watch,look at, notice） 3.不定式做主语时 It’s + adj. +for sb. + to do sth. It’s + adj. +of sb. + to do sth. Eg. It’s difficult for me to work out the problems. It’s kind of you to help me carry heavy boxes. ★★for sb: 通常使用客观情况的形容词，描述不定式的性质：easy/ difficult/ important/ dangerous/ interesting ★★of sb: 通常使用表示主观态度或情感的形容词，描述不定时动作的执行者的性质、身份、特征：nice/ brave/ friendly/ clever/ silly 等 知识点 2—— To do 与 doing 的区别 成分 To do doing 做主语 具体的某一次的行为或将来的动作 所表示的动作比较抽象，时间概念不强。 做表语 具体的、一次性的动作 My job is to water the flowers in the garden today. 经常性的习惯性的动作 My job is teaching English. (注意不要与现在进行时混淆) 三、【典例探究】 【例题 1】：It is necessary exercise every day. A. take B. taking C.to take D. took 【例题 2】：My father agreed me to the zoo after the final exam. A. with take B. with taking C.to take D.to taking 四、【课堂运用】 【练习】选择填空 1. Remember the key when you leave. A. to take B.taking C.take D.took 2. The boy is keen on sport. He enjoys football very much. A. to play B.playing C.play D.played 3. the students stopped as soon as the teacher came in. A. to talk B.talk C.talked D.talking 4. The boy is only fourteen years old. He is drive a car. A. old enough B.too old to C.not old enough to D.so old that he can 5. It is kind you us the favor. A. for...to do B.of...to do C.for...to doing D.of...to doing 6. Your son looks very tired. him to bed now. A. Make...going B.Make...to go C.Let...go D.Let...to go 7. He can’t be in Beijing. I saw him in the street just now. A. walks B.to walk C.walked D.walking 8. The students are told late for the meeting. A. not B.not to C.not to be D.not to being 9. I’m sorry that I forgot you that the meeting had been put off till next week. A. tell B.telling C.to tell D.told 10. You’d better some milk before you sleep. A. drink B.drinking C.to drink D.drank 11. You’d better too much. You are getting fat. A. eat B.to eat C.not eat D.not to eat 12. He took a taxi to school be late for the exam. A. in order to B.in order not to C.so as to D.so as to not 13. He got up early catch the early train to Xiamen. A. in order B.in order not to C.so as to D.so as 14. She practices piano as much as possible. A. to play the B.play the C.playing D.playing the 15. He is so kind that he always tries his best others. A. help B.to help C.helping D.helping 16. Have you finished the model plane? A. to make B.make C.making D.made 17. How about badminton with us after school? A. play B.to play C.to playing D.playing 18. It’s too hot. Why the air conditioner? A. not turn B.not to turn on C.not turning on D.turning on 五、【课后巩固】 【练习】单项选择题 1. The teacher told them make so much noise. A. don’t B. not C. will not D. not to 2. Our master often told us anything from others. A. not to have B. not to take C. didn’t take D. not to make 3. Tell him the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut 4. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him . A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 5. Mrs Smith warned her daughter after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive 6. The patient was warned oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 7. The workers want us together with them. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked 8. The teacher asked us so much noise. A .don’t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make 9. --- The light in the office is still on. --- Oh, I forgot . A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off 10. We agreed here . A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met 作 业 我要提 问 自我评 价 A.优秀 （完全掌握，没问题） B.良好 （听得懂、会做题，大部分掌握，有小粗心） C.合格 （听得懂，题目在老师讲完后懂得，考虑不周全，还需要一部分巩固练习） D.小明同学 （还有一部分不太懂，需要返回问老师/不能主动完成练习导致忘记很多） 参考答案 【典例探究】 【例题 1】：C 【例题 2】：C 【课堂运用】 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.D 18.C 9.C 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.B 16.C 17.D 18.A 【课后巩固】 1.D 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.C 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$