专题02 十年(2014-2024)高考语法填空真题分类（二）-2025届高考英语语法填空分类通关练（高考真题+名校模拟+外刊原创）

2025届高考英语语法填空分类通关练（高考真题+名校模拟+外刊原创） 专题01十年(2014-2024)高考语法填空真题分类（二）原卷版 真题目录 真题分类一：传统文化类 真题分类二：科学技术类 真题分类三：旅游环保类 24(2024全国甲卷)-旅游环保类（美国国家公园），特色题（名词completion） 25(2022新高考)-旅游环保类（大熊猫国家公园），特色题（关系词that） 26(2022全国甲卷)- 旅游环保（失明男子徒步旅行一带一路国家），特色题（最高级highest） 27(2021新高考II卷)-旅游环保（保护海洋减少塑料），特色题（representative） 28(2021全国甲卷)-旅游环保（游览西安长城），特色题（daily） 29(2021全国乙卷)-旅游环保（生态旅游），特色题（until） 30(2015全国I卷)- 旅游环保类（游览阳朔），特色题（before/earlier） 31(2014全国I卷)- 旅游环保类（治理河流污染），特色题（连词or） 真题分类四：生活故事类 32(2024浙江1月卷)- 生活故事类（商家促销），特色题（ones） 33(2023新高考II卷)- 生活故事（动物园教英语），特色题（basically） 34(2022新高考卷)- 生活故事（修车工勇救小孩），特色题（son’s） 35(2019全国III卷)-生活故事（夏威夷度假体验），特色题（名词competition） 36(2019全国II卷)-生活故事（“90”后女士被评为年度人物），特色题（but） 37(2018全国III卷)-生活故事（偶遇大猩猩），特色题（最高级loudest） 38(2018全国III卷)-生活故事（专注于学业的模特），特色题（动名词resting） 39 (2014全国II卷)-生活故事（公交车偶遇），特色题（助动词Did） 真题分类五：语法填空北京卷 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 40-2024北京卷题组 41-2023北京卷题组 42-2022北京卷题组 43-2021北京卷题组 语法填空思维导图 真题分类一：传统文化类 真题分类二：科学技术类 真题分类三：旅游环保类 24(2024全国甲卷)-旅游环保类（美国国家公园），特色题（名词completion） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 61 (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 62 (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 63 is now northwestern Wyoming. They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should 65 (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with 66 (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 67 all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 68 (complete ) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 69 (large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 70 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 25(2022新高考)-旅游环保类（大熊猫国家公园），特色题（关系词that） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). 56 (cover)an area about three times 57 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 58 (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 59 (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 60 (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 61 leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 62 (population)and homes of giant pandas, and 63 (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve 64 an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 65 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 26(2022全国甲卷)- 旅游环保（失明男子徒步旅行一带一路国家），特色题（最高级highest） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step 61 (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 62 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 63 (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 64 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 65 (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 66 (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five years, Cao 67 (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s 68 (high) mountain. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers 69 Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, 70 (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 27(2021新高考II卷)-旅游环保（保护海洋减少塑料），特色题（representative） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I've always loved the ocean. In the 56 (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 57 (think)it is food. I decided to do something 58 (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company 59 used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company 60 emailed its president. I told him how 61 (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so 62 (excite) when he wrote back to me. He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to 63 (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company 64 (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over 65 plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 28(2021全国甲卷)-旅游环保（游览西安长城），特色题（daily） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 61 (build) originally to protect the city 62 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible 63 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. After 64 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 65 (good) than to ride on a piece of history! We 66 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 67 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 68 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 69 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 70 (day) routines. 29(2021全国乙卷)-旅游环保（生态旅游），特色题（until） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62 (develop) of the local areas. Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: ·Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place. ·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. ·Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. ·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 30(2015全国I卷)- 旅游环保类（游览阳朔），特色题（before/earlier） 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours 62 , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain. I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65 (painting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 66 car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 68 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 31(2014全国I卷)- 旅游环保类（治理河流污染），特色题（连词or） Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It 1 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 2 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 3 most outstanding（杰出的）examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 4 even a few months. It took years of work 5 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6 (clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 7 is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are 8 (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 9 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 10 (patience). 真题分类四：生活故事类 32(2024浙江1月卷)- 生活故事类（商家促销），特色题（ones） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra 56 (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 57 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 59 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 6 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 62 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 63 (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 64 other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 65 (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 33(2023新高考II卷)- 生活故事（动物园教英语），特色题（basically） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? Since June 2017, right before the 36 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 37 (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English 38 ? Not the pandas, even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 41 (interview) in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer. So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 45 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 34(2022新高考卷)- 生活故事（修车工勇救小孩），特色题（son’s） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the 56 (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. 57 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell 58 (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up 59 (see) them. When he looked down, he 60 (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes 61 screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. Henry 62 (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly 63 (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my 64 (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know 65 to thank him.” "I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. 35(2019全国III卷)-生活故事（夏威夷度假体验），特色题（名词competition） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On our way to the house, it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City. We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya (木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard. When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 68 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 70 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 36 (2019全国II卷)-生活故事（“90”后女士被评为年度人物），特色题（but） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 61 (be) Britain's oldest full-time employee---still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 62 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans 65 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.” Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31, who works alongside her in the family business, said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 69 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 70 (wonder).” 37 (2018全国III卷)-生活故事（偶遇大猩猩），特色题（最高级loudest） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I'm not sure 1 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 2 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 3 (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 4 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 5 (challenge). My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 6 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 7 these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 8 (they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 9 (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 10 (stay)and watch. 38 (2018全国III卷)-生活故事（专注于学业的模特），特色题（动名词resting） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 1 (rest). Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as 2 model in New York. Sarah 3 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 4 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 5 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 6 (educate). She has turned down several 7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 8 engineering or architecture. Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 9 (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 10 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more." 39 (2014全国II卷)-生活故事（公交车偶遇），特色题（助动词Did） 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 1 (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, 2 some of them looked very anxious and 3 (disappoint) . When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next 4 the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike 5 (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused 6 (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept 7 (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“ 8 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It s 9 (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers    10 (sudden) became friendly to one another. 40-2024北京卷题组 (2024北京卷) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life. B (2024北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. C (2024北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 41-2023北京卷题组 (2023北京卷)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention 1 global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 2 thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action 3 (address)the struggles of people around the world 4 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. (2023北京卷) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When 5 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. Mangroves can help soften waves and protect 6 (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China 7 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. (2023北京卷)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 8 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 9 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 10 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 42-2022北京卷题组 (2022北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 11 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 12 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 13 (bad). The use of those plastics 14 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. (2022北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 15   (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 16 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 17 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. (2022北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Helen was walking down the street late 18 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 19 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 20 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 43-2021北京卷题组 (2021北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 There 21 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 22 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 23 (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 24 (invest) in disaster prevention. (2021北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主），and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home 25 a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about 26 she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could 27 （safe） wait for the police to take her home. (2021北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure, and they have diverse 28 (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything 29 happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 30 (connect) things，your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream. $$2025届高考英语语法填空分类通关练（高考真题+名校模拟+外刊原创） 专题01十年(2014-2024)高考语法填空真题分类（二） 解析版 真题目录 真题分类一：传统文化类 真题分类二：科学技术类 真题分类三：旅游环保类 24(2024全国甲卷)-旅游环保类（美国国家公园），特色题（名词completion） 25(2022新高考)-旅游环保类（大熊猫国家公园），特色题（关系词that） 26(2022全国甲卷)- 旅游环保（失明男子徒步旅行一带一路国家），特色题（最高级highest） 27(2021新高考II卷)-旅游环保（保护海洋减少塑料），特色题（representative） 28(2021全国甲卷)-旅游环保（游览西安长城），特色题（daily） 29(2021全国乙卷)-旅游环保（生态旅游），特色题（until） 30(2015全国I卷)- 旅游环保类（游览阳朔），特色题（before/earlier） 31(2014全国I卷)- 旅游环保类（治理河流污染），特色题（连词or） 真题分类四：生活故事类 32(2024浙江1月卷)- 生活故事类（商家促销），特色题（ones） 33(2023新高考II卷)- 生活故事（动物园教英语），特色题（basically） 34(2022新高考卷)- 生活故事（修车工勇救小孩），特色题（son’s） 35(2019全国III卷)-生活故事（夏威夷度假体验），特色题（名词competition） 36(2019全国II卷)-生活故事（“90”后女士被评为年度人物），特色题（but） 37(2018全国III卷)-生活故事（偶遇大猩猩），特色题（最高级loudest） 38(2018全国III卷)-生活故事（专注于学业的模特），特色题（动名词resting） 39 (2014全国II卷)-生活故事（公交车偶遇），特色题（助动词Did） 真题分类五：语法填空北京卷 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 40-2024北京卷题组 41-2023北京卷题组 42-2022北京卷题组 43-2021北京卷题组 语法填空思维导图 真题分类一：传统文化类 真题分类二：科学技术类 真题分类三：旅游环保类 24(2024全国甲卷)-旅游环保类（美国国家公园），特色题（名词completion） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 61 (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 62 (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 63 is now northwestern Wyoming. They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should 65 (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with 66 (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 67 all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 68 (complete ) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 69 (large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 70 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【答案】61. to catch 62. treasures 63. what 64. were 65. be done 66. its 67. for 68. completion 69. largest 70. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国国家公园的由来，即四个男人发现了一处非常美的自然风景区，决定好好保护它以供后人欣赏并为此做出了许多努力。 61. 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。 62.考查名词。句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。treasure表示“宝藏”，为可数名词，结合前文they are，应用复数形式，故填treasures。 63.考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 64.考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 65.考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 66.考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 67.考查介词。句意同上。介词for表目的，表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。故填for。 68.考查名词。句意：他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词，本空应填名词作宾语，complete名词形式为completion，不可数，故填completion。 69.考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空前有the，为形容词最高级标志词，结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知，用large的最高级largest作定语，故填largest。 70.考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 25(2022新高考)-旅游环保类（大熊猫国家公园），特色题（关系词that） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). 56 (cover)an area about three times 57 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 58 (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 59 (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 60 (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 61 leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 62 (population)and homes of giant pandas, and 63 (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve 64 an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 65 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 56.Covering 57. the 58. were 59. to increase 60. is designed 61. and 62. populations 63. eventually 64. as 65. that 【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。 56. Covering。考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。 57. the。考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。 58. were。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 59. to increase。考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。 60. is designed。考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。 61. and。考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系，应用and。故填and。 62. populations。考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词population (种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。 63. eventually。考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。 64. as。考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。 65. that。考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。 26(2022全国甲卷)- 旅游环保（失明男子徒步旅行一带一路国家），特色题（最高级highest） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step 61 (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 62 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 63 (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 64 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 65 (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 66 (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five years, Cao 67 (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s 68 (high) mountain. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers 69 Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, 70 (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 61. to journey 62. who 63. held 64. A 45. protection 66. meaningful 67. has walked 68. highest 69. from 70. planning 【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。 61. to journey。考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。 62. who。考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 63. held。考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。 64. A。考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。 65. protection。考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填protection。 66. meaningful。考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。 67. has walked。考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 68. highest。考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。 69. from。考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。 70. planning。考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。 27(2021新高考II卷)-旅游环保（保护海洋减少塑料），特色题（representative） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I've always loved the ocean. In the 56 (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 57 (think)it is food. I decided to do something 58 (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company 59 used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company 60 emailed its president. I told him how 61 (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so 62 (excite) when he wrote back to me. He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to 63 (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company 64 (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over 65 plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 56. seventh 57. thinking 58. to educate 59. which##that 60. and 61. harmful 62. excited 63. was 64. representative 65. from 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。 56.考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填seventh。 57.考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，____57____ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。 58.考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，____58____ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。 59.考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构， ____59____ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。 60.考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。 61.考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。 62.考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。 63.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。 64.考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。 65.考查介词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班从塑料杯换成纸杯。 from sth to sth从...到..., 所以填from。 28(2021全国甲卷)-旅游环保（游览西安长城），特色题（daily） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 61 (build) originally to protect the city 62 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible 63 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. After 64 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 65 (good) than to ride on a piece of history! We 66 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 67 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 68 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 69 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 70 (day) routines. 61. was built 62. in 63. to walk 64. spending 65. better 66. hired 67. but 68. the 69. watchtowers 70. daily 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。 61. 句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。 62. 句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”应用介词in。故填in。 63. 句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。 64. 句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。 65. 句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。 66. 句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。 67. 句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。 68. 句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。 69. 句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。 70. 句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。 29(2021全国乙卷)-旅游环保（生态旅游），特色题（until） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62 (develop) of the local areas. Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: ·Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place. ·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. ·Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. ·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 61. educated 62. development 63. its 64. until 65. the 66. of 67. visiting 68. financial 69. activities 70. to have 这是一篇说明文。主要讲述生态旅游通常被认为是到原始地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必须满足一些规定。 61.句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。 62. 句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。 63. 句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知，此处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词origin。故填its。 64.句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。故填until。 65.句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。 66. 句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of 为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”，所以空格处应填of。故填of。 67. 句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。 68. 句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid，finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。 69. 句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语动词range可知，空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。故填activities。 70. 句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。 30(2015全国I卷)- 旅游环保类（游览阳朔），特色题（before/earlier） 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours 62 , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain. I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65 (painting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 66 car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 68 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 【答案】 61．arrived 62．before/earlier 63．its 64．that/which 65．paintings 66．by 67．is 68．conducted 69．regularly 70．living 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文．文章主要讲述了作者到中国阳朔游玩的经历和感受。 61．考查时态。根据前后文时态可知，本文主要时态为一般过去时，空格处为对过去所发生事情的一般陈述，而且arrive为非延续性动词，故应用一般过去时。故填arrived。 62．考查副词。句意：几个小时前，我还在香港的家里。空后时态为过去完成时，表示过去的过去，由此可推断本句陈述在过去某时间以前发生的事情，所以空格处填入 before/earlier 表示“在……之前”。故填before/earlier。 63．考查形容词性物主代词。根据所给提示词 it 和空后名词短语，修饰名词短语 choking smog需用 it 的形容词性物主代词形式its。故填its。 64．考查定语从句。本句包含定语从句，先行词为Li River，在从句中作主语。故填that/which。 65．考查名词的复数形式。根据前面的by artists in so many Chinese可推知，是在中国画作里，由前面的短语so many可知，要用名词复数paintings。故填paintings。 66．考查介词。by car乘汽车，为固定短语。故填by。 67．考查一般现在时。此句缺少谓语动词，根据句意和后句的时态，可知此处用一般现在时。Yangshuo为主语，所以系动词为is。故填is。 68．考查过去分词作定语。根据后面的by可知，A study of travelers与conduct在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填conducted。 69．考查副词。arrange为动词，应由副词regularly来修饰。故填regularly。 70．考查现在分词作定语。live与people之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。故填living。 31(2014全国I卷)- 旅游环保类（治理河流污染），特色题（连词or） Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It 1 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 2 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 3 most outstanding（杰出的）examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 4 even a few months. It took years of work 5 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6 (clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 7 is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are 8 (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 9 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 10 (patience). 【答案】1．was 2．actually 3．the 4．or 5．to reduce 6．cleaner 7．that/which 8．amazing 9．changes 10．patient 【分析】 本文通过借用凯霍加河在以前污染非常严重，经过多年的努力，艰苦的工作终于有了回报，河水变干净了的事实告诉我们：当你面对看起来不可能解决的事情时，要敢于想办法慢慢解决，不能急躁，因为很多变化都是逐渐发生的，需要很多努力，我们需要耐心一点。 1．考查动词过去时态和主谓一致。根据本段第一句In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio.可知本段叙述的是过去发生的事情。the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio在过去被污染地如此地严重，所以说过去没有人能够想象到这条河被清理干净。又主语“It”为三单，故填was。 2．考查副词用法。本句中使用副词actually做状语修饰谓语动词caught fire，actual是形容词，不能在句中做状语，通常只做定语或者表语修饰名词。故填actually。 3．考查冠词。横线后是形容词最高级most outstanding，形容词最高级前要加the,故填the。 4．考查连词。从上一段最后一句可知几年后，这条河是环境净化最杰出的例子之一。从语境可知这条河流的改变不是几天或者几个月的事情。因此前后是选择关系，故用or。 5．考查固定句式。固定句式：It takes sb. st to do sth.某人做某事花了多少时间；句中的不定式to reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water是句子真正的主语。前面的it是形式主语。故填to reduce。 6．考查比较级。本句： the water in the river is ___6___ (clean) than ever，横线后面有than，说明横线上应该使用比较级的形式。故填cleaner。 7．考查定语从句。本句是一个定语从句，先行词是a habit，定语从句中使用关系代词that/which指代先行词，在句做主语，不能省略。故填which / that。 8．考查形容词修饰物的。凡是－ed结尾的都是形容人的，表示“人感到……”，－ing结尾都是形容物的，表示“令人感到……”。本句___8___ (amazed) stories中此处修饰“stories 故事”，所以要用amazing。故填amazing。 9．考查名词复数。横线后面是系动词are，说明横线处主语应该是一个复数形式的名词，所以用changes。故填changes。change既可以作名词也可以作动词，在此为名词。 10．横线前面有系动词be，说明此处应用形容词，本句是一个祈使句be patient耐心一点。patient形容词，意为“耐心的”； patience名词，意为“耐心”。故填patient。 真题分类四：生活故事类 32(2024浙江1月卷)- 生活故事类（商家促销），特色题（ones） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra 56 (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 57 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 59 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 6 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 62 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 63 (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 64 other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 65 (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 【答案】56. to benefit 57. or 58. that##which 59. what 60. criticism 61. be offered 62. have started 63. designed 64. the 65. ones 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对商家各式各样的促销手段进行了介绍。 56. 考查动词不定式。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。 57. 考查固定句式。句意：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜，就不能用了。either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，为固定句式，所以此处应用连词or。故填or。 58. 考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 59. 考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 60. 考查名词。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。 61. 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 62. 考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。 63. 考查过去分词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。 64. 考查冠词。句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。 65. 考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式。故填ones。 33(2023新高考II卷)- 生活故事（动物园教英语），特色题（basically） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? Since June 2017, right before the 36 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 37 (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English 38 ? Not the pandas, even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 41 (interview) in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer. So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 45 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 【答案】36. arrival 37. confident 38. with 9. the 40. visiting 41. interviews 42. why 43. Basically 44. and 45. wished 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。 36.考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。 37.考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 38.考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈”。故填with。 39.考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 40.考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。 41.考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。 42.考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 43.考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 44.考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。 45.考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。 34(2022新高考卷)- 生活故事（修车工勇救小孩），特色题（son’s） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the 56 (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. 57 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell 58 (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up 59 (see) them. When he looked down, he 60 (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes 61 screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. Henry 62 (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly 63 (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my 64 (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know 65 to thank him.” "I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. 56. falling 57. The 58. asleep 59. to see 60. accidentally 61. and 62. was fixing 63. threw 64. son's 65. how 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上，即将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。 56. falling考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。 57. The考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。 58. asleep考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。 59. to see考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 60. accidentally考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。 61. and考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。 62. was fixing考查动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 63. threw考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。 64. son’s考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。 65. how考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。 35(2019全国III卷)-生活故事（夏威夷度假体验），特色题（名词competition） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On our way to the house, it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City. We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya (木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard. When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 68 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 70 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 【答案】61. so62. to get 63. of64. who 65. recommended 66. competition 67. traditional 68. hugely69. were invited 70. listening 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后受到的礼遇，主人热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。 61.考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”，固定句型。故填so。 62.考查固定搭配。本句运用了take...to do sth.，意为“花费……做某事”，故此处应填to get。 63.考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群……”。故填of。 64.考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。 65.考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended。 66.考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。 67.考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故填traditional。 68.考查副词。空格处修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。 69.考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。 70.考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。 36 (2019全国II卷)-生活故事（“90”后女士被评为年度人物），特色题（but） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 61 (be) Britain's oldest full-time employee---still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 62 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans 65 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.” Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31, who works alongside her in the family business, said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 69 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 70 (wonder).” 【答案】61. being 62. which 63. finally 64. declared 65. to retire 66. have made 67. but 68. saying 69. a 70. wonderful 【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她由此被评为“年度女士”。 61.考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。 62.考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。 63.考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得到认可”，故填finally。 64.考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had以及said可知，用一般过去时态，故填declared。 65.考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。 66.考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。 67.考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。 68.考查非谓语动词。前面已经有谓语动词call，故此处用非谓语动词形式，根据say与其逻辑主语call是主动关系，故填saying。 69.考查冠词用法。句意：我们还以为这是一个玩笑。此处joke为泛指，故填a。 70.考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。 37 (2018全国III卷)-生活故事（偶遇大猩猩），特色题（最高级loudest） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I'm not sure 1 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 2 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 3 (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 4 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 5 (challenge). My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 6 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 7 these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 8 (they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 9 (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 10 (stay)and watch. 【答案】1．who 2．the 3．loudest 4．looking 5．challenged 6．scientist 7．for 8．them 9．meant 10．to stay 【分析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历。 1．考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示“谁”，故用who。 2．考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。 3．考查最高级。根据后面的of all可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。 4．考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。 5．考查非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。 6．考查名词。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。scientist科学家。 7．考查动词短语搭配。search for是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。 8．考查代词。此处做find 的宾语，所以用宾格them。 9．考查谓语动词。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。 10．考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb to do允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。31 (2017全国III卷)-生活故事（专注学业的模特），特色题（动名词resting） 38 (2018全国III卷)-生活故事（专注于学业的模特），特色题（动名词resting） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 1 (rest). Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as 2 model in New York. Sarah 3 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 4 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 5 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 6 (educate). She has turned down several 7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 8 engineering or architecture. Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 9 (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 10 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more." 【答案】1．resting 2．a 3．has been told/was told 4．who 5．to prove 6．education 7．invitations 8．in 9．comes 10．certainly 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sarah为了专心学习，拒绝在节目中担任主演的邀请。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：但与她的学校朋友不同的是，16岁的莎拉并没有在期中休息。sb. spend time (in) doing sth.为固定句型，意为“某人花费时间做某事”，空处需填动名词作宾语。故填resting。 2．考查冠词。句意：相反，她在纽约做模特，每天能挣6500美元。model为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且model发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a限定。故填a。 3．考查动词时态语态。句意：莎拉被告知她将成为英国新的超级名模，并在明年赚到100万美元。空处需填动词作谓语，Sarah和tell为被动关系，需用被动语态，结合语境可知，此处可用一般过去时或者现在完成时，主语为Sarah，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has been told/was told。 4．考查定语从句。句意：但是和顶级模特一起参加时装秀的莎拉想要证明自己不仅漂亮，而且有头脑。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Sarah，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。want to do sth.为固定用法，意为“想要做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语。故填to prove。 6．考查名词。句意：她决心继续接受教育。her为形容词性物主代词，后面需加名词，education意为“教育”，是不可数名词。故填education。 7．考查名词。句意：为了专心学习，她已经拒绝了几次参加演出的邀请。invitation为可数名词，several后面需加名词复数形式。故填invitations。 8．考查介词。句意：毕业后，她计划休息一年做全职模特，然后再去大学攻读工程或建筑学学位。表示“在……方面”需用介词in。故填in。 9．考查动词时态。句意：但现在，学校是第一位的。根据“at the moment”可知，此处使用一般现在时，主语为school，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。 10．考查副词。句意：这当然是有趣的，但生活方式有点不真实。修饰形容词fun需用副词certainly作状语。故填certainly。 39 (2014全国II卷)-生活故事（公交车偶遇），特色题（助动词Did） 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 1 (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, 2 some of them looked very anxious and 3 (disappoint) . When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next 4 the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike 5 (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused 6 (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept 7 (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“ 8 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It s 9 (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers    10 (sudden) became friendly to one another. 【答案】1．being 2．and 3．disappointed 4．to 5．caught 6．to stop 7．riding 8．Did 9．me/mine 10．suddenly 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要叙述了有一次坐公交车时,一个骑车的男孩儿为了归还他捡到的行李箱而追着公交车骑行,人们都被这个孩子的行为感动了。 1．考查动名词。句意：一天早上，我在公共汽车站等车，担心上学迟到。about为介词,其后接名词、代词或动名词,故填being。 2．考查连词。句意：有许多人在公共汽车站等车，并且其中一些人看起来很焦急和失望。根据文章内容可知空前和空后为顺承关系,故填and。 3．考查形容词。句意见上题。此处指一些人看上去很失望。disappointed“沮丧的;失望的”，修饰人。故填disappointed。 4．考查固定搭配。句意：公共汽车终于来了，我们都匆匆上车。我找了个靠窗的地方。next to为固定搭配，意为“靠近;邻近”。故填to。 5．考查时态。句意：一个骑自行车的男孩引起了我的注意。此处讲述的是过去的事,故用一般过去时。故填caught。 6．考查动词不定式。句意：但在我们到达下一站之前，他拒绝停车。refuse to do sth固定用法，意为“拒绝做某事”。故填to stop。 7．考查固定用法。句意：尽管如此，男孩还是继续骑。keep doing sth固定用法，意为“一直做某事”。故填riding。 8．考查时态。句意：有人在最后一站丢了手提箱吗?”此处是一个一般疑问句,询问过去发生的事情,故助动词用一般过去时。故填Did。 9．考查代词。句意：哦！天啊？！那是我的。此处缺少表语。强调“这是我的包”或者“是我(丢了包)”。故填me/mine。 10．考查副词。句意：这群陌生人突然变得友好起来。此处用副词作状语修饰句子,故填suddenly。 40-2024北京卷题组 (2024北京卷) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life. 【答案】11. to rest 12. self-awareness 13. gives 14. boundaries 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了慢下来对个人成长的重要意义。 11.考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。 12.考查名词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。空处作介词of的宾语，应用名词self-awareness，sense of self-awareness表示“自我意识”。故填self-awareness。 13.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps可知，从句使用一般现在时，which指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives，gives与helps并列，作并列谓语。故填gives。 14.考场名词的数。句意：为了实践这一点，我们需要在个人和职业生活中建立明确的界限。句中boundary是可数名词，表示“界限”，根据空后in our personal and professional life可知，此处表示不止一个界限，名词应用复数形式boundaries。故填boundaries。 B (2024北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. 【答案】15. was named 16. asked 17. who 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最长寿的人John Tinniswood及其长寿秘诀。 15.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。 16.考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。结合语意，when引导的时间状语从句中，主语为he，且ask与he之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be asked，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填asked。 17.考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 C (2024北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 【答案】18. to 19. knocking 20. jogged 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为一个掉落东西的男孩提供帮助的故事。 18.考查介词。句意：我心想，“他为什么要把所有的书都拿着？”think to oneself为固定搭配，表示“心想，暗想”，符合语境。故填to。 19.考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。 20.考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。 41-2023北京卷题组 (2023北京卷)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention 1 global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 2 thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action 3 (address)the struggles of people around the world 4 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. 【答案】1. to 2. where 3. to address 4. facing 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。尼娜在32个国家跑过马拉松。她所有的跑步活动都有一个目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。她的努力鼓励其他人参与到一场名为“蓝色奔跑”的全球运动中来。 1. 考查介词。句意：她所有的跑步活动都有一个指导目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。表示“关注”短语为call attention to。故填to。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填to address。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。 (2023北京卷) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When 5 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. Mangroves can help soften waves and protect 6 (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China 7 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 【答案】5. seen 6. cities 7. has established 【导语】本文是说明文。红树林，生长在陆地和海洋之间，有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭，到目前为止，中国已建立了一批红树林保护区。 5. 考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。 6. 考查名词复数。句意：红树林有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数形式表泛指，故填cities。 7. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。 (2023北京卷)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 8 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 9 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 10 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 【答案】8. threw 9. exactly 10. had arrived 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在瑞士和法国体验到的不同的守时习俗。 8. 考查动词时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填threw。 9. 考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。此处修饰介词短语on time，应用副词exactly，作状语。故填exactly。 10. 考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 42-2022北京卷题组 (2022北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 11 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 12 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 13 (bad). The use of those plastics 14 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 【答案】11. themselves 12. which 13. worse 14. has increased 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染。 【详解】1.考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者预定配送服务。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 2.考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只能使用一次。分析可知，most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。 3.考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。 4.考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 (2022北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 15   (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 16 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 17 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 【答案】15. supported 16. whether 17. has 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因，是因为人们对气味的偏好是习得的，这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。 15. 考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supported。 16. 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether…or not的搭配。故填whether。 17. 考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。 (2022北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Helen was walking down the street late 18 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 19 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 20 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 【答案】18. in 19. to harm 20. caught 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。 18. 考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。 19. 考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 20. 考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。 43-2021北京卷题组 (2021北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 There 21 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 22 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 23 (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 24 (invest) in disaster prevention. 【答案】21. has been 22. caused 23. resulting 24. to invest 【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章指出过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的，引发重大自然灾害，造成了极大的经济损失，因此人们急需投资于灾害预防。 21. 考查动词时态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知，此处使用现在完成时，a dramatic rise是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 22. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。 23. 考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起，造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world与result是逻辑主谓关系，且表示一种自然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填resulting。 24. 考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明，急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知，此处表示未来的动作，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to invest。 (2021北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主），and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home 25 a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about 26 she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could 27 （safe） wait for the police to take her home. 【答案】25. on 26. where 27. safely 【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了生活博主Sam救助一个老妇人的故事。 25. 考查介词。句意：在一个寒冷的夜晚，当他骑着自行车回家时，他遇到了一个看起来悲伤的老妇人独自在街上游荡。表示“在具体的某一天”或“（在具体的某一天的）早上、中午、晚上”等，须用介词on。故填on。 26. 考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about后是宾语从句，根据句意，此处用where“在哪里；……的地方”符合句意，从句中作地点状语，故填where。 27. 考查副词。句意：山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店，这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语，故填safely。 (2021北京卷)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure, and they have diverse 28 (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything 29 happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 30 (connect) things，your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream. 【答案】28. ideas 29. that 30. connects 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了我们为什么会做梦的原因。 28. 考查可数名词的数。句意：科学家们还不能完全确定，他们有不同的想法。diverse“不同的，多种多样的”，形容词作定语，后接可数名词复数；idea想法，可数名词。故填ideas。 29. 考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以此处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 30. 考查时态。句意：当它连接事物时，你的大脑将它们变成一个故事，然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语动词turns可知，空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数it，所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填connects。 $$