英文读与练9-2025届高三英语上学期一轮专题复习
2024-08-02
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英文读与练9
Perfectly preserved dinosaur embryo
最完整的恐龙胚胎
中国科学家在蛋化石中发现了保存完好的恐龙胚胎化石标本,这个标本叫作“英良贝贝”,是一只尚未破壳的窃蛋龙宝宝。
1 Scientists in China have discovered a rare 66 million year old perfectly
preserved fossil of a baby dinosaur in its egg showing similarities between
tetrapod (兽脚类) dinosaurs and the birds they would evolve (进化) into.
2 The embryo (胚胎) has been named Baby Yingliang after the museum in southern China where it was discovered.
3 According to an ABC News report published, the fossilised bones are seen curled up inside its 6 inch long eggshell and look almost exactly like a modern bird at that stage, although it has tiny arms and claws rather than wings.
4 Fion Waisum Ma, a paleontologist at the University of Birmingham and
one of the authors of the fossil study published in the journal iScience, was quoted as saying that the head in the embryo has a striking similarity with the
head-of a newly hatched bird, especially because of its mouth, which was a feature of the dinosaur species, called oviraptorosaur.
5 Oviraptorosaurs were a type of theropod dinosaur with hollow bones and
three toed limbs. It was very close to the dinosaurs; that evolved into modern birds.
6 According to ABC News, embryonic dinosaur fossils, which the paleontologists have found at only about half a dozen sites, are extremely valuable.
7 This is also the first time that any embryonic dinosaur fossils have shown
signs of a distinctive posture known as “tucking”, which means the head
placed under the right arm, though some dinosaur embryos have shown
distinct “egg teeth” that they may have used to break out of their shells,
said John Nudds, a paleontologist at the University of Manchester, who wasn’t involved in the study.
8 The researchers said the embryo s shape was unique, with the head in
the lower part of the body and legs around the head—similar to a modern
bird embryo. The process of hatching, which earlier studies suggested was unique to birds, may have evolved from dinosaurs, they said.
9 “A fossil embryo is a rare and precious resource in the study of dinosaur
reproduction, behavior and evolution, as well as in paleoecology,” said Xing Lida, a professor at China University of Geosciences.
Choose the best answers according to the text
1. What can we know about Baby Yingliang?
A. Its length is 6 inches.
B. It was named after its finder.
C. Its wings are very long.
D. It looks like a modern bird.
2. What does the underlined word “striking” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Astonishing. B. Challenging.
C. Supporting. D. Complete.
3. What does the distinctive posture “tucking” mean?
A. The body has tiny arms and claws.
B. The head is placed under the right arm.
C. The mouth has distinct “egg teeth”.
D. The body has hollow bones and three toed limbs.
4. In which section of a newspaper can we read this text?
A. Advertisement. B. Education.
C. Science. D. Environment.
Ⅰ. Analyze the difficult sentence in the text
The researchers said the embryo s shape was unique, with the head in the
lower part of the body and legs around the head—similar to a modern bird
embryo. 研究团队说,这个胚胎的形状很独特,其头部位于身体下方,腿围绕着头部,这种姿势与现代鸟类的胚胎类似。
【点石成金】本句是一个主从复合句,句中the embryo s shape was unique是宾语从句,作动词said的宾语;with the head in the lower part of the body是with的复合结构,作伴随状语。
Ⅱ. Memorize some text centered chunks
name after 以……命名
look like 看起来像
because of 因为
be close to 接近
be known as 被称为;被认为是;以……而著称
break out of 逃出
be similar to 与……类似
Godwit breaks world record
黑尾鹬刷新鸟类飞行纪录
黑尾鹬是一种耐力极强的鸟,以不吃不喝且不停歇地长距离飞行而著称。这种鸟创下了不停歇地从阿拉斯加飞到新西兰的世界鸟类迁徙纪录,飞行距离长达12,000千米。
1 Every time you see a bird, there is a chance that you may be looking at
the greatest marathon athlete in the world, particularly if you live in the US state of Alaska in late summer, and happen upon a bar tailed godwit (黑尾鹬).
2 These little birds were recently found to travel 7,500 miles (12,000 kilometers) in a non stop flight of 11 days from Alaska to the Firth of
Thames near Auckland, New Zealand. It s not the longest migration ever—
that title goes to the Arctic tern (燕鸥) which goes from the Arctic to the Antarctic along the west coast of North
and South America—or straight down the Atlantic every year for a total of
around 14000 kilometers. However, it is the longest non- stop flight
known to scientists.
3 Unlike the tern, the godwit weighs a much heavier one fifth to four fifths of a pound, and relies on a muscular build much like a modern jet with narrow pointed wings and a smooth body to reduce air drag. Despite these advantages which allow it to flap its wings nearly uninterruptedly for the entire journey,
how can a small bird that lives for a few years navigate for days over
nothing but empty ocean to arrive in New Zealand?
4 Some scientists have shown birds use the sun as orientation, but there is also evidence of migration as a learned skill—one study showing that adult
raptors (猛) were better at course correcting for wind than juveniles,
suggesting that experience comes into play. Another thought is that some
birds may use electromagnetic sensory equipment that allows them to “see” the magnetic field in a way that humans cannot.
5 Even with the help of a magnetic compass, the record breaking bar tailed godwit, known as 4 BBRW, departed from Alaska and passed over the Aleutian Islands in a 224 hour flight without sleep over open ocean and with no land markers to use as visual guidance. At one point he faced winds that blew so hard that he was being blown off course towards Australia. Amazingly, he managed to correct his flight path.
Choose the best answers according to the text
1. What can we know about the godwit?
A. It lives in Alaska State all year round.
B. It flies the longest distance during migration.
C. It holds the record for the longest non- stop flight.
D. It migrates along the west coast of North America.
2. What s ;the Arctic tern s advantage over the godwit in flying?
A. It has a lighter body weight.
B. Its shaped like a modern jet.
C. It has narrower pointed wings.
D. It is better at adjusting its flying path.
3. What’s the author s purpose in writing Para. 4?
A. To give examples. B. To analyze causes.
C. To describe details. D. To make comparisons.
4. Which of the following can best describe the godwit s migration?
A. Surprising. B. Cooperative.
C. Well prepared. D. Vision depending.
Ⅰ. Analyze some difficult sentences in the text
1. Unlike the tern, the godwit weighs a much heavier one fifth to four fifths of a pound, and relies on a muscular build much like a modern jet with narrow pointed wings and a smooth body to reduce air drag. 与北极燕鸥相比,黑尾鹬的体重要比燕鸥重五分之一到五分之四磅,它的飞行依赖于与现代喷气式飞机结构相似的肌肉结构,尖锐的翅膀和平滑的身体曲线大大减少了空气阻力。
【点石成金】本句中and连接两个并列的谓语,with结构作后置定语。
2. Another thought is that some birds may use electromagnetic sensory equipment that allows them to “see” the magnetic field in a way that humans cannot. 还有一种观点认为,一些鸟类可能会使用电磁感应设备,这种功能可以让鸟“看到”人类不能看到的磁场。
【点石成金】本句是一个复合句。第一个that引导的是表语从句,第二个that引导的是一个定语从句,该从句的先行词是equipment。
The future of digital food
数字食品的未来
数字技术在我们的生活中起着越来越重要的作用。科学家们不仅研制出了3D打印鸡肉,还找到了一种特殊的烹制方法,那就是通过激光技术烹制3D打印鸡肉。
1 “I am eager to enjoy a 3D printed roasted chicken. No, wait. It would be
better laser cooked,” could be the kind of order you ll hear in restaurants
a few years from now. The Digital Foods team at Columbia University finally found a way to prepare laboratory meat to make it more edible.
2 Scientists have experimented with printed food since 2007. However,
there was a big problem: they couldn’t find a way to cook it, since it
doesn’t behave the same as traditional food. Until recently, they found that lasers would be the best substitute for pans when it comes to 3D printed meat. With this, it can have an appearance, taste and texture similar to natural
meat foods.
3 For this project, scientists first prepared a “chicken meat pure (果泥)” with real ground meat, which was used to model different shapes with
a 3D printer. Then, they put the laboratory chicken samples under a laser
that sent pulses of light to stir the meat and thus heat it. This cooking
process took between 5 and 14 minutes. The results showednbsp; that
the meat cooked with a laser shrank 50% less and retained twice the
moisture, that is, it was juicier. In addition, it released more flavor than those
with other methods.
4 In the study, researchers say that the secret of the seasoning is to emit
laser pulses at different wave amplitudes. For example, a blue laser goes
through better to cook the inside of the meat, while the infrared laser works to brown the outside of the piece. After testing 3D laser chicken, researchers say it tastes better than traditional baked meat.
5 While digital food seems more like science fiction, preparing food on a
3D printer is now a reality. Today this technology has progressed so much
that it is possible to create various ingredients and dishes.
6 The developers of this project hope that in the future anyone can have
access to a 3D food printer and print any dish they want as if it were a
kitchen recipe. One of the main obstacles is that there is no sustainable
ecosystem behind it, so they consider a type of “Food CAD”, a piece of
software that is a combination of AutoCAD and Photoshop, as well as a
kind of digital cookbook for this new future kitchen should be developed.
Choose the best answers according to the text
1. What was the initial problem with printed food?
A. It couldn’t be cooked. B. Its taste might be poor.
C. It wasn’t edible. D. It had no nutrients.
2. What can we know about the chicken that was laser cooked?
A. It is much drier.
B. It tastes much better.
C. It isn’t easy to cook well.
D. It’s similar to traditional food.
3. What s the key point that determines the chicken s taste?
A. The laser pulses. B. The cooking time.
C. The effect of 3D print. D. The size of the chicken.
4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. 3D printed food will become very popular.
B. A 3D printer is enough for the future s kitchen.
C. There is a long way to go for digital food.
D. Any dish is possible with the help of a 3D printer.
Analyze some difficult sentences in the text
1. Until recently, they found that lasers would be the best substitute for pans when it comes to 3D printed meat. 直到最近,当谈及3D打印肉类时,他们发现激光是平底锅的最佳替代品。
【点石成金】本句中,when it comes to...为固定句型,意为“当谈及……时”。
2. For example, a blue laser goes through better to cook the inside of the meat, while the infrared laser works to brown the outside of the piece. 例如,藍色激光能更好地穿透肉的内部,而红外激光则能使肉的外部变成褐色。
【点石成金】本句中,while表示对比,意为“然而”。
最完整的恐龙胚胎
Reading Check
1~4 D A B C
黑尾鹬刷新鸟类飞行纪录
Reading Check
1~4 C A B A
数字食品的未来
Reading Check
1~4 B B A C
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