02讲：外刊精选+语法专题【介词】+中考题型套餐+词汇打卡【字母B】 （讲练）-【一轮通关】备战2025年中考英语讲练测（上海专用）

第二讲 外刊精选(原创)、语法专题（介词、题型套餐 （首字母+阅读单选）、词汇打卡(字母B) 外刊精选 Whale song mystery solved by scientists 科学家揭开鲸鱼 “歌声之谜” 科学家们已经研究出海洋中一些体型最大的鲸鱼发出令人难忘的复杂叫声的方式， 它们的叫声被人们称为“鲸歌”。座头鲸和其它须鲸体内有一种进化而来的特殊的 “音箱”，使它们能够在水下“唱歌”。 The humpback’s song sounded so strange and haunting to sailors, they used to think it belonged to ghosts or mythical sea creatures. Now, a study has revealed how the animals produce their complex songs. Researchers examined the voice boxes of three dead whales: larynxes that were taken from a stranded minke, humpback and a sei whale. Pumping air into the giant U-shaped structures from the whales’ throats showed how they vibrate to make a sound when air moves across them.  That’s similar to how our vocal folds work, but baleen whales can recycle the air around this specialised vocal anatomy, meaning they can sing while holding their breath without inhaling water. More analysis showed that the frequency of the whale song overlaps with the noise ships produce, so the sound of human activity in the ocean can interrupt communication that’s essential to these animals’ lives. 翻译  词汇表 haunting 令人难忘的 voice boxes 音箱 larynxes 喉头，喉咙 stranded 搁浅的 vibrate 振动 vocal folds 声带 baleen 鲸须，有鲸须的 anatomy （动植物的）结构 inhaling 吸气   阅读理解：请在读完上文后，回答下列问题。 1. What did sailors use to think whale song was?  2. Which whale body part did the researchers use for this study? 3. What is different about how whales sing compared to humans? 4. Why can human activity interrupt whale communication?  语法专题 语法精选----介词 1. for与of 1. It’s too hard for me to finish the work in only one hour. 2. The house is big enough for 10 men to live in. 3. It’s very nice/kind of you to do so. 2. 介词有时会与它的宾语分离,而且宾语有时前置 1. He has a younger brother who he must take good care of. 2. Who are you talking about? 3. Do you know who /whom our teacher is talking with over there? 4. I finally found a chair to sit on. 3. in、on与at 1. I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning. 2. He was born on the morning of May 10th. 3. His glasses are right on his nose. 4. He is at the cinema at the moment. 4. after与in 1. He said that he would be here after 6：00. 2. My father is coming back from England in about a month. 5. since与for 3. Uncle Li has worked in this factory since 1970. 4. Uncle Li has worked in this factory for over 40 years. 6.by、in与with 1. Let’s go to the zoo by taxi. 2. It was written by Lao She. 3. Please write that article(文章) in English. 4. We see with our eyes and walk with our feet. 7. about与on 1. They are very excited talking about the coming field trip. 2. Tom is going to give a talk on the history of America. 8. across, over与through 1. Just then a rat (鼠)ran across the road. 2. There is a bridge over the river. 3. The visitors went through a big gate into another park. 9. as与like 1. Let me speak to you as a father. （作为） 2. Let me speak to you like a father.（像） 1. by the end of, at the end of, in the end, to the end 1. By the end of last term we had learned 16 units of Book III. 2. At the end of the road you can find a big white house with brown windows. 3. They left for Beijing at the end of last week. 4. In the end he succeeded in the final exams. 5. We should go on with the work to the end. 6. Follow this road to the end and you will see a post office. 11. for a moment、for the moment、in a moment与at the moment 1. Please wait for a moment. 2. Let’s leave things as they are for the moment? 3. I’ll come back in a moment. 4. I am very busy at the moment. 12. but 1. I could do nothing but wait. 2. They had no choice(选择) but to fight. 13. in front of 与in the front of 1. A car was parking in front of the hall. 2. In the front of the hall stood a big desk. 14. except与besides 1. Everyone went to the Palace Museum except Tom. 2. Besides Chinese he also studied many other subjects. 即学即练 1．（2021·上海·中考真题）Many medical workers are busy ________ their work during lunch time. A．to B．of C．from D．with 2．（2020·上海·中考真题）Mr． Smith always encourages his students to be active________class． A．in B．by C．with D．from 3．（2020·上海·中考真题）The ancient town has been open to visitors________about ten years． A．by B．for C．on D．though 4．（2016·上海·中考真题）When James arrived at the railway station, he tried to look ____ a place to park his car. A．after B．at C．up D．for 5．（2019·上海·中考真题）Frank held his breath the water to search for his ring in the swimming pool. A．at B．by C．over D．under 6．（2018·上海·中考真题）Karen and Lily will go to Russia to watch the 2018 World Cup______July. A．on B．in C．at D．of 7．（2016·上海·中考真题）The local community center is open_____________ Monday to Saturday. A．in B．from C．for D．on 8．（2017·上海·中考真题）（2017 • 上海中考）Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City ______________ the airport. A．at B．under C．on D．with 9．（2014·上海·中考真题）Students are encouraged to share their learning experience__________ their classmates. A．to B．in C．at D．with 10．（2012·上海·中考真题）You really don’t have to worry ________ your weight. You look just right. A．for B．from C．with D．about 11．（2015·上海·中考真题） I love this picture ______ you beside the music fountain. A．in B．of C．on D．at 12．（2014·上海·中考真题）More and more people in Shanghai choose to go to work__________ underground. A．in B．with C．by D．for 13．（2013·上海·中考真题）Wow! Ten students in our class will celebrate their fourteenth birthdays__________ October! A．in B．on C．at D．to 14．（2024·上海静安·二模）________ a windy morning, Alex flew a kite in the park happily. A．In B．On C．At D．For 15．（2024·上海闵行·二模）The Spring Festival became a floating holiday of the United Nations (联合国) ________ 2023. A．on B．in C．at D．to 16．（2024·上海崇明·一模）It’s wonderful to have an outing ________ such a sunny day. Let’s go now! A．in B．on C．from D．by 17．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）How are you getting on _______ your school project? A．to B．of C．about D．with 18．（2024·上海长宁·二模）The smell is very familiar ________ people who live near a bakery. A．with B．to C．of D．for 19．（2024·上海静安·二模）Many old people suffer ________ the loss of memory. A．through B．from C．in D．by 20．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）The prize money was finally divided ________ the five winners of the writing competition. A．among B．of C．between D．on 21．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）The Suqian Marathon took place ________ March 31, 2024. A．at B．of C．in D．on 22．（2024·上海金山·二模）________ my opinion, keeping a positive attitude towards life is very important. A．In B．On C．At D．For 23．（2024·上海青浦·二模）In my opinion, dog owners should tie up their pets to stop them ________ attacking people. A．of B．by C．for D．from 24．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）A good detective never jumps ________ conclusions without careful investigation. A．to B．for C．off D．across 25．（2024·山东菏泽·一模）—Li Ming practiced hardest among us and he won first prize in the competition. —A dream can’t come true ________ hard work. A．by B．across C．over D．without 26．（2024·上海虹口·二模）The quiet streets were familiar ________ Tom, reminding him of his childhood adventures. A．with B．for C．to D．in 27．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）Most children are looking forward snow and ice festivals in winter. A．to B．with C．in D．of 28．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）To get a good score in a maths exam, one should do all the exercises ________ great care. A．in B．of C．with D．about 29．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）Wearing sunglasses can help protect our eyes _______ the sunshine in summer. A．of B．with C．by D．from 30．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）The library in our town will provide students ________ free books and magazines this weekend. A．for B．from C．between D．with 31．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）—Look, a blind man is in the middle of the street. It’s dangerous. —Let’s go and help him walk _________ the road. A．through B．along C．over D．across 32．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）________ the end of the year, we say goodbye to the past and welcome the future with hope. A．In B．On C．At D．By 阅读套餐 PASSAGE 1 首字母填空 （22-23九年级下·上海闵行·期中）Fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Online study is now the new normal (新常态) for students in Shanghai and many places around the world. Being the miniature (微型) computers that can fit in the palm of your hand, mobile phones certainly come in handy in this critical time. There are millions of apps out there waiting for you to test them out. Now, let’s check them out! Notability Taking notes during a class or a l 1 is a normal thing for students, but it can be tedious (boring). With the help of technology, your notes can be more interactive. If you are someone who wants to liven up your notes with pictures, v 2 or audio recordings, Notability may be an app that would fascinate you. The app offers so many features—you can use highlighters, handwrite notes, insert (插入) pictures, record audio, edit group notes... The l 3 goes on and on! Pocket The internet is a boundless sea of i 4 . But do you feel like you are too busy to read an article or breaking news? Don’t worry—Pocket has you covered. It lets you save content from anywhere and everywhere to read l 5 —even offline. You can also use the “Listen” feature to have your article r 6 directly to you. Who knew you could fit so many articles in just your Pocket? Calm Do you ever feel like you have difficulty concentrating? Do you want to manage your stress and anxiety levels a bit better? Try to Calm yourself! According to the app’s website, its mission is to “make the world happier”through features like guided meditation (冥想) and bedtime stories. It has over 50 million downloads and 40 million likes. One of the top-rated r 7 says that the app is “life-changing”. PASSAGE 2 阅读单选 Choose the best answer(2024宝山二模) Sunshine Community Centre Hobby group openings Juggling (for beginners) Tuesdays 7-8 p.m. Feeling stressed to juggling work and play? Losing focus as if your life is up in the air? Whether you’re throwing and catching balls or oranges, this ancient skill can sharpen your focus and take your mind off your troubles. It’s good training for the body and lots of fun, too! Cheerleading Thursdays 7-9 p.m. Cheerleading is just as tough as competing in track and field. We sing, dance, spin, and throw each other into the air-all to support athletes at sports events. Cheerleading builds trust, spirit and strength. Join now, boys and girls. If you can handle all the tough work, you can get a fit body and friendship in return. Fishing Fun Sundays 7-11 a.m. Boring? Or tiring? Come fish with us and find out for yourself while enjoying a peaceful morning Beginners and experts are welcome. Origami Originals Wednesdays 6:30-8:30 p.m. Get creative with origami, the art of paper-folding. This hobby is good training for the eyes, hands and mind. You can also learn a little bit of maths such as fractions and geometric shapes (几何图形), etc. from complex (复杂的), interesting paper forms. 39. Which hobby group is the most suitable for someone who wants to get fit and make friends? A. Juggling (for beginners). B. Cheerleading. C. Fishing Fun. D. Origami Originals. 40. The underline word “juggling” in the first sentence means ________. A. the art of throwing and catching objects B. making full use of things in a creative way C. dealing with two important things at the same time D. making things look better by turning them upside down 41. Which of the following is NOT TRUE? A. Juggling can help you forget about troubles. B. Origami trains a person more than one area. C. You need experience to join Fishing Fun. D. Cheerleaders support athletes by singing and dancing. 42. Jack is interested in maths and he wants to train both his eyes and mind. He will probably go to the hobby group at ________. A. 7:00 p.m. every Tuesday B. 7:00 p.m. every Thursday C. 7:00 a.m. every Sunday D. 6:30 p.m. every Wednesday 43. The audience can NOT find ________ of the hobby groups from the posters. A. the opening day and time B. the names and subjects C. the contact information D. the activities and benefits 44. The main purpose of the material is to ________. A. advise people to find balance between work and play B. provide information and sell different kinds of interest courses C. share useful tips among beginners with different hobbies D. attract people in the community to join different hobby groups 词汇打卡 读一读 背一背 ◆ 单词 音标 词性 中文 1 background ['bækɡraʊnd] n. 背景 2 bakery ['beɪkəri] n. 面包店 3 balance ['bæləns] n. 平衡 4 basic ['beɪsɪk] a. 基本的 5 beginning [bɪ'ɡɪnɪŋ] n. 开始；开端 6 behaviour [bɪ'heɪvjə(r)] n. 行为，举止 7 believe [bɪ'liːv] v. 相信；认为 8 birth [bɜːθ] n. 出生；诞生 9 bored [bɔːd] adj. 感到乏味的；厌倦的 10 bright [braɪt] a. 明亮的；聪明的 11 breathe [briːð] vi. 呼吸 12 businessman ['bɪznəsmæn] n． 商人 13 building ['bɪldɪŋ] n. 建筑物；房屋；大楼 14 Britain ['brɪtn] n． 英国；不列颠 15 break(broke, broken) [breɪk] v 打破（断、碎）；损坏 16 brave [breɪv] a. 勇敢的 17 boil [bɔɪl] v． 沸腾；煮 18 blow(blew, blown) [bləʊ] v. 吹；刮风；吹气 19 bitter ['bɪtə(r)] a. 有苦味的；痛苦的；严酷的 20 bit（e (bit bitten／bit） [baɪt] v． 咬；盯 21 belong [bɪ'lɒŋ] v． 属，附属 22 battery ['bætri] n. 电池，蓄电池 23 battle ['bætl] n． 战斗；战役 24 beautifully ['bjuːtɪfli] adv． 优美地 25 beyond [bɪ'jɒnd] prep. （表示位置）在……的那边 26 blanket ['blæŋkɪt] n． 毯子 27 blind [blaɪnd] n. 瞎的 ◆28 bully [ˈbʊli] v. 欺负，欺凌 ◆29 benefit [ˈbenɪfɪt] n. v. .利益；使受益 ◆30 bleed [bliːd] adj. 流血，出血 想一想 写一写 根据句意用所给单词的适当词性填空 1. The view from the top of the mountain will take your __________ away. (breathe) 2. Mr. Han was under a lot of stress and he drank three __________ of wine last night. (bottle) 3. We can drink __________water but not __________water. (boil) 4. If we want to get on a plane, we need to have a __________ pass. (board) 5. His __________was the result of an accident. (blind) 6. Beethoven looked up to the sky for a while and found the moon shone__________ through the window. (bright) 7. The children quickly got __________with staying indoors. (bore) 8. The radio programme is going to offer lessons in English on _______ stations across the country. (broadcast) 9. The __________ office sells tickets 3 days in advance. (book) 10. He lives three __________ away from here. (block) 11. This is a very large park with lakes and gardens, and we can go ________ and enjoy the beautiful scenery. (boat) 12.The ___________ are flying happily around the flowers. (butterfly) 13.______ people often begin their conversation by talking about the weather. (Britain) 14.At the ______ of last century, some people in the countryside lived in darkness. (begin) 15.Simon went skating this winter holiday and learned some ______ skills. (base) 考纲词组默写： 21.一……就 22.也;又 23.请求;寻求 24.早/午/晚餐时 25.起先;开始的时候/最后;终于 26.在家(里) 27.至少/至多 28.立刻;马上 29.现在,目前 30.在……结束的时候 31. 同时 32.在周末 33.在工作 34.以...为根据，以...为基础; 35.能够(有能力) 36.害怕 37.生某人的气 38.意识到;察觉，知道 39.有害于 40.出生于 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第二讲 外刊精选(原创)、语法专题（介词、题型套餐 （首字母+阅读单选）、词汇打卡(字母B) 外刊精选 Whale song mystery solved by scientists 科学家揭开鲸鱼 “歌声之谜” 科学家们已经研究出海洋中一些体型最大的鲸鱼发出令人难忘的复杂叫声的方式， 它们的叫声被人们称为“鲸歌”。座头鲸和其它须鲸体内有一种进化而来的特殊的 “音箱”，使它们能够在水下“唱歌”。 The humpback’s song sounded so strange and haunting to sailors, they used to think it belonged to ghosts or mythical sea creatures. Now, a study has revealed how the animals produce their complex songs. Researchers examined the voice boxes of three dead whales: larynxes that were taken from a stranded minke, humpback and a sei whale. Pumping air into the giant U-shaped structures from the whales’ throats showed how they vibrate to make a sound when air moves across them.  That’s similar to how our vocal folds work, but baleen whales can recycle the air around this specialised vocal anatomy, meaning they can sing while holding their breath without inhaling water. More analysis showed that the frequency of the whale song overlaps with the noise ships produce, so the sound of human activity in the ocean can interrupt communication that’s essential to these animals’ lives. 翻译  词汇表 haunting 令人难忘的 voice boxes 音箱 larynxes 喉头，喉咙 stranded 搁浅的 vibrate 振动 vocal folds 声带 baleen 鲸须，有鲸须的 anatomy （动植物的）结构 inhaling 吸气   阅读理解：请在读完上文后，回答下列问题。 1. What did sailors use to think whale song was?  2. Which whale body part did the researchers use for this study? 3. What is different about how whales sing compared to humans? 4. Why can human activity interrupt whale communication?  答案 1. What did sailors use to think whale song was?  Sailors used to think that whale song was the sound made by ghosts or mythical sea creatures. 2. Which whale body part did the researchers use for this study?  Researchers used the larynxes from three dead whales. 3. What is different about how whales sing compared to humans? Differently to humans, whales can sing while holding their breath.   4. Why can human activity interrupt whale communication? The frequency of whale song overlaps with the noise that ships produce. 语法专题 语法精选----介词 1. for与of 1. It’s too hard for me to finish the work in only one hour. 2. The house is big enough for 10 men to live in. 3. It’s very nice/kind of you to do so. 2. 介词有时会与它的宾语分离,而且宾语有时前置 1. He has a younger brother who he must take good care of. 2. Who are you talking about? 3. Do you know who /whom our teacher is talking with over there? 4. I finally found a chair to sit on. 3. in、on与at 1. I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning. 2. He was born on the morning of May 10th. 3. His glasses are right on his nose. 4. He is at the cinema at the moment. 4. after与in 1. He said that he would be here after 6：00. 2. My father is coming back from England in about a month. 5. since与for 3. Uncle Li has worked in this factory since 1970. 4. Uncle Li has worked in this factory for over 40 years. 6.by、in与with 1. Let’s go to the zoo by taxi. 2. It was written by Lao She. 3. Please write that article(文章) in English. 4. We see with our eyes and walk with our feet. 7. about与on 1. They are very excited talking about the coming field trip. 2. Tom is going to give a talk on the history of America. 8. across, over与through 1. Just then a rat (鼠)ran across the road. 2. There is a bridge over the river. 3. The visitors went through a big gate into another park. 9. as与like 1. Let me speak to you as a father. （作为） 2. Let me speak to you like a father.（像） 1. by the end of, at the end of, in the end, to the end 1. By the end of last term we had learned 16 units of Book III. 2. At the end of the road you can find a big white house with brown windows. 3. They left for Beijing at the end of last week. 4. In the end he succeeded in the final exams. 5. We should go on with the work to the end. 6. Follow this road to the end and you will see a post office. 11. for a moment、for the moment、in a moment与at the moment 1. Please wait for a moment. 2. Let’s leave things as they are for the moment? 3. I’ll come back in a moment. 4. I am very busy at the moment. 12. but 1. I could do nothing but wait. 2. They had no choice(选择) but to fight. 13. in front of 与in the front of 1. A car was parking in front of the hall. 2. In the front of the hall stood a big desk. 14. except与besides 1. Everyone went to the Palace Museum except Tom. 2. Besides Chinese he also studied many other subjects. 即学即练 1．（2021·上海·中考真题）Many medical workers are busy ________ their work during lunch time. A．to B．of C．from D．with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：许多医疗工作者在午饭期间忙于工作。 考查介词。to向；of……的；from来自；with和……一起。be busy with sth忙于某事，故选D。 2．（2020·上海·中考真题）Mr． Smith always encourages his students to be active________class． A．in B．by C．with D．from 【答案】A 【详解】句意：史密斯先生总是鼓励他的学生在课堂上积极主动。 考查介词辨析。in在……里面；by……被；with带有……；from来自……；根据语境可知此处指在课堂上，英语的表达为in class；故选A。 3．（2020·上海·中考真题）The ancient town has been open to visitors________about ten years． A．by B．for C．on D．though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个古镇已经对游客开放了大约十年。 考查介词的用法。by被；for为了；on在上面；though虽然。根据has been可知是现在完成时，for接时间段，10年是个时间段。故选B。 【点睛】 4．（2016·上海·中考真题）When James arrived at the railway station, he tried to look ____ a place to park his car. A．after B．at C．up D．for 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当James来到火车站的时候，他尽力寻找一个地方来停车。 考查介词辨析。该空与look组成搭配，look after照顾；look at看……；look up查找；look for寻找。根据句意可知，这里表示“找地方停车”，故选D。 5．（2019·上海·中考真题）Frank held his breath the water to search for his ring in the swimming pool. A．at B．by C．over D．under 【答案】D 【详解】句意：弗兰克在水下屏住呼吸，在游泳池里寻找他的戒指。 A. at在……；B. by通过……；C. over在……上方；D. under在……下面。根据下文to search for his ring in the swimming pool.可知这里是说在水下。根据题意，故选D。 6．（2018·上海·中考真题）Karen and Lily will go to Russia to watch the 2018 World Cup______July. A．on B．in C．at D．of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：凯伦和莉莉将在7月份前往俄罗斯观看2018年世界杯。A. on作为时间介词，常与“日期”、“星期几”搭配；B. in作为时间介词，常与表示“一段时间”的时间名词搭配，如在某年某月的前面；C. at常与“钟点时刻”搭配；D. of 关于，属于，…的。故答案为B。 点睛：时间介词at，on，in的用法：at放在几点钟前，指具体的某一时刻。例如：at one o’clock在1点钟。on作为时间介词，常与“日期”，“星期几”搭配，用于具体的某一天前或者上午、下午、晚上有修饰词时，例如：on Thursday，on a cold afternoon在一个寒冷的下午。in用于年、月、季节等的前面，常与表示“一段时间”的时间名词搭配。例如：in 2017，in May，in winter。 7．（2016·上海·中考真题）The local community center is open_____________ Monday to Saturday. A．in B．from C．for D．on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当地社区中心从星期一到星期六开放。考查固定短语和介词辨析。from…to…（表时间、地点）从……到……。根据句意，可知选B。 8．（2017·上海·中考真题）（2017 • 上海中考）Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City ______________ the airport. A．at B．under C．on D．with 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意：Shirley仍然在机场等待飞往纽约的航班。四个选项都是介词。 A. at（表示位置）在……；B. under在……下面；C. on在……上面D. with和……一起。at the airport在飞机场，是固定搭配。故选A。 考点：考查介词辨析。 9．（2014·上海·中考真题）Students are encouraged to share their learning experience__________ their classmates. A．to B．in C．at D．with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：应该鼓励学生们和他们的同学们分享他们的学习经验。to到，向； in在……里面； at在时间空间的一点；With带有，伴随，用某种工具。故选D。 10．（2012·上海·中考真题）You really don’t have to worry ________ your weight. You look just right. A．for B．from C．with D．about 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你真的不需要担心你的体重，你看起来刚好。本题考查固定搭配，考查学生识记能力，worry about，答案选D。 11．（2015·上海·中考真题） I love this picture ______ you beside the music fountain. A．in B．of C．on D．at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢你在音乐喷泉旁边的那张照片。A. in 在……里；B. of ……的，表示所属关系；C.on 在……上；D. at在……。根据句意可知是所属关系，故选B。 12．（2014·上海·中考真题）More and more people in Shanghai choose to go to work__________ underground. A．in B．with C．by D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：越来越多的上海人选择乘地铁去上班。in在里面，用某种语言；with 带有，伴随，用某种工具；by到……为止，乘坐某种交通工具；For为了，对于。故选C。 13．（2013·上海·中考真题）Wow! Ten students in our class will celebrate their fourteenth birthdays__________ October! A．in B．on C．at D．to 【答案】A 【详解】在表示时间时，in表示在一个时间范围或者接一段时间，表示在多久之后；on表示在具体的某一天；at表示在具体几点钟；to表示差几分到几点。根据下文October!在十月，可知是表示一个时间范围，故用介词in，选A。 14．（2024·上海静安·二模）________ a windy morning, Alex flew a kite in the park happily. A．In B．On C．At D．For 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在一个有风的早晨，亚历克斯愉快地在公园里放风筝。 考查介词辨析。in+世纪、年、月、季节，在上午/下午/晚上/白天等；on+具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午下午晚上；at+具体的时间点；for为了。根据“a windy morning”可知，这是具体的一天的上午，应用介词on。故选B。 15．（2024·上海闵行·二模）The Spring Festival became a floating holiday of the United Nations (联合国) ________ 2023. A．on B．in C．at D．to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：2023年，春节成为联合国的浮动假日。 考查时间介词。on后接具体日期等；in后接年、月、季节等；at后接具体时刻等；to到。根据“2023”可知此处是年份，用介词in。故选B。 16．（2024·上海崇明·一模）It’s wonderful to have an outing ________ such a sunny day. Let’s go now! A．in B．on C．from D．by 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在这样一个阳光明媚的日子里郊游真是太好了。我们现在就走吧！ 考查介词辨析。in后加某年某月某季节；on后加具体的某一天；from从；by不迟于。根据“such a sunny day”可知，此处具体到某一天，需要用时间介词on。故选B。 17．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）How are you getting on _______ your school project? A．to B．of C．about D．with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你学校的课题进展如何？ 考查介词辨析。to到；of……的；about关于；with和。get on with...“进展”，故选D。 18．（2024·上海长宁·二模）The smell is very familiar ________ people who live near a bakery. A．with B．to C．of D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：住在面包店附近的人都很熟悉这种气味。 考查介词辨析。with有；to到；of……的；for为了。be familiar with“对……熟悉”；be familiar to“为……所熟悉，被某人熟悉”。此处是指“气味被人们熟悉”，用be familiar to。故选B。 19．（2024·上海静安·二模）Many old people suffer ________ the loss of memory. A．through B．from C．in D．by 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多老人患有失忆症。 考查介词辨析。through通过；from从；in在……里面；by通过。suffer from“遭受”，此处指的是遭受失忆症，动词短语。故选B。 20．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）The prize money was finally divided ________ the five winners of the writing competition. A．among B．of C．between D．on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：奖金最后分给了写作比赛的五位优胜者。 考查介词辨析。among在……中（三者或三者以上）；of……的；between在……中间（两者之间）；on在……上。根据“the five winners”可知，此处是指奖金在五位获胜者中进行分配。故选A。 21．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）The Suqian Marathon took place ________ March 31, 2024. A．at B．of C．in D．on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：宿迁马拉松赛于2024年3月31日举行。 考查介词。at后接具体的时刻；of属于……的；in后接表示世纪、年、月、季节的名词；on后接表示日期或星期的名词。根据“March 31”可知，这是日期，其前应用介词on。故选D。 22．（2024·上海金山·二模）________ my opinion, keeping a positive attitude towards life is very important. A．In B．On C．At D．For 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在我看来，对生活保持积极的态度是非常重要的。 考查介词辨析。In关于；On在上面；At在；For为了。in my opinion“在我看来”，固定短语，故选A。 23．（2024·上海青浦·二模）In my opinion, dog owners should tie up their pets to stop them ________ attacking people. A．of B．by C．for D．from 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在我看来，狗主人应该把他们的宠物栓起来，以防止它们攻击人。 考查介词辨析。of……的；by被；for为了；from从。根据“stop them…attacking people”可知，考查stop sb from doing sth“阻止某人干某事”，故选D。 24．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）A good detective never jumps ________ conclusions without careful investigation. A．to B．for C．off D．across 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一个好侦探在没有经过仔细调查之前决不会妄下结论。 考查介词辨析。to朝；for给，为；off向下；across穿过。结合“jumps … conclusions”和备选项可知，此处考查jump to conclusions“妄下结论”，固定搭配。故选A。 25．（2024·山东菏泽·一模）—Li Ming practiced hardest among us and he won first prize in the competition. —A dream can’t come true ________ hard work. A．by B．across C．over D．without 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——李明是我们当中练习最努力的，他在比赛中获得了一等奖。——不经过努力，梦想是不可能实现的。 考查介词。by凭借；across从……一边到另一边；over在……上面；without没有。根据上文“A dream can’t come true”可知，此处表达不经过努力，梦想是不可能实现的，所以应填入意为“没有”的介词。故选D。 26．（2024·上海虹口·二模）The quiet streets were familiar ________ Tom, reminding him of his childhood adventures. A．with B．for C．to D．in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Tom对这条安静的街道很熟悉，让他想起了他童年的冒险。 考查介词辨析及形容词短语。with和；for对于；to到；in在……里。此处应用短语“be familiar to”表示“为……所熟悉”。故选C。 27．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）Most children are looking forward snow and ice festivals in winter. A．to B．with C．in D．of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大多数孩子都盼望着冬天的冰雪节。 考查介词辨析。to朝向：with和；in在……里；of……的。根据“Most children are looking forward…”，此处考查固定短语：look forward to“期盼”。故选A。 28．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）To get a good score in a maths exam, one should do all the exercises ________ great care. A．in B．of C．with D．about 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了在数学考试中取得好成绩，一个人应该非常认真地做所有的练习。 考查介词辨析。in在……里面；of……的；with带有；about关于。with great care“小心翼翼地”，相当于副词carefully，作状语。故选C。 29．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）Wearing sunglasses can help protect our eyes _______ the sunshine in summer. A．of B．with C．by D．from 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在夏天戴太阳镜可以保护我们的眼睛不受阳光的伤害。 考查介词辨析。of……的；with和……一起；by通过；from使免受。根据“protect our eyes...the sunshine”可知，此处应用短语protect...from...“保护……不受……”，表示保护眼睛不受阳光的伤害。故选D。 30．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）The library in our town will provide students ________ free books and magazines this weekend. A．for B．from C．between D．with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们镇上的图书馆这个周末将为学生提供免费的书籍和杂志。 考查词义辨析。for关于；from来自；between在……和……之间；with和，带有。根据“provide”及句意可知考查provide sb with sth“为某人提供某物”，故选D。 31．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）—Look, a blind man is in the middle of the street. It’s dangerous. —Let’s go and help him walk _________ the road. A．through B．along C．over D．across 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——看，一个盲人在马路中间。很危险。——让我们去帮助他过马路吧。 考查介词辨析。across强调“通过、穿过”地点的平面或表面；through强调“通过、穿过“立体空间的内部；along沿着；over强调“跨过、越过或翻越而过”。根据“road”可知，为穿过路的表面。故选D。 32．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）________ the end of the year, we say goodbye to the past and welcome the future with hope. A．In B．On C．At D．By 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在年底，我们告别过去，充满希望地迎接未来。 考查介词辨析。In在里面；On在上面；At在；By通过。根据“the end of the year, we say goodbye to the past”可知，此处是指在年底，用短语at the end of the year“在年底”。故选C。 阅读套餐 PASSAGE 1 首字母填空 （22-23九年级下·上海闵行·期中）Fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Online study is now the new normal (新常态) for students in Shanghai and many places around the world. Being the miniature (微型) computers that can fit in the palm of your hand, mobile phones certainly come in handy in this critical time. There are millions of apps out there waiting for you to test them out. Now, let’s check them out! Notability Taking notes during a class or a l 1 is a normal thing for students, but it can be tedious (boring). With the help of technology, your notes can be more interactive. If you are someone who wants to liven up your notes with pictures, v 2 or audio recordings, Notability may be an app that would fascinate you. The app offers so many features—you can use highlighters, handwrite notes, insert (插入) pictures, record audio, edit group notes... The l 3 goes on and on! Pocket The internet is a boundless sea of i 4 . But do you feel like you are too busy to read an article or breaking news? Don’t worry—Pocket has you covered. It lets you save content from anywhere and everywhere to read l 5 —even offline. You can also use the “Listen” feature to have your article r 6 directly to you. Who knew you could fit so many articles in just your Pocket? Calm Do you ever feel like you have difficulty concentrating? Do you want to manage your stress and anxiety levels a bit better? Try to Calm yourself! According to the app’s website, its mission is to “make the world happier”through features like guided meditation (冥想) and bedtime stories. It has over 50 million downloads and 40 million likes. One of the top-rated r 7 says that the app is “life-changing”. 【答案】1．(l)ecture 2．(v)ideos 3．(l)ist 4．(i)nformation 5．(l)ater 6．(r)ead 7．(r)eviews 【导语】本文主要介绍了三个应用程序，和它们的作用。 1．句意：在课堂或讲座上做笔记对学生来说是一件正常的事情，但也可能很乏味。根据“Taking notes during a class or a...is a normal thing for students”及结合首字母可知，此处指在课堂上或讲座上做笔记，lecture“讲座”，可数名词，空前有冠词a，所以此处用单数。故填(l)ecture。 2．句意：如果你想通过图片、视频或录音来活跃你的笔记，Notability可能是一款会让你着迷的应用程序。根据“ If you are someone who wants to liven up your notes with pictures...or audio recordings”及结合首字母可知，此处指可以使笔记更形象的视频，video“视频”，可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填(v)ideos。 3．句意：名单还可以列举很多。根据“The app offers so many features—you can use highlighters, handwrite notes, insert (插入) pictures, record audio, edit group notes...”可知，此处指Notability这个应用程序的功能还可以列举很多，结合首字母，list“列表，清单”，符合语境，可数名词，空前有冠词the，此处用单数。故填(l)ist。 4．句意：互联网是无限的信息海洋。根据“But do you feel like you are too busy to read an article or breaking news?”及结合首字母可知，此处指互联网是信息的海洋，information“信息”，不可数名词。故填(i)nformation。 5．句意：它允许您随时随地保存内容，以便以后阅读，甚至离线阅读。根据“But do you feel like you are too busy to read an article or breaking news? Don’t worry—Pocket has you covered. It lets you save content from anywhere and everywhere to read...—even offline.”及结合首字母可知，当你没有空看信息时，Pocket这个应用程序可以帮你保存内容，方便之后阅读，later“后来，以后”，副词，修饰动词read，符合语境。故填(l)ater。 6．句意：你也可以使用“听”功能让你的文章直接读给你听。根据“You can also use the ‘Listen’ feature to have your article...directly to you.”可知，使用Pocket这个应用程序可以让文章读给你听，结合首字母，read“读”，符合语境。have sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，此处用动词原形。故填(r)ead。 7．句意：其中一条评价最高的评论说，这款应用“改变了生活”。根据“One of the top-rated...says that the app is ‘life-changing’.”及结合首字母可知，此处指这款应用的一条最高的评价，review“评论，评价”，可数名词，one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，所以此处用复数形式。故填(r)eviews。 PASSAGE 2 阅读单选 Choose the best answer(2024宝山二模) Sunshine Community Centre Hobby group openings Juggling (for beginners) Tuesdays 7-8 p.m. Feeling stressed to juggling work and play? Losing focus as if your life is up in the air? Whether you’re throwing and catching balls or oranges, this ancient skill can sharpen your focus and take your mind off your troubles. It’s good training for the body and lots of fun, too! Cheerleading Thursdays 7-9 p.m. Cheerleading is just as tough as competing in track and field. We sing, dance, spin, and throw each other into the air-all to support athletes at sports events. Cheerleading builds trust, spirit and strength. Join now, boys and girls. If you can handle all the tough work, you can get a fit body and friendship in return. Fishing Fun Sundays 7-11 a.m. Boring? Or tiring? Come fish with us and find out for yourself while enjoying a peaceful morning Beginners and experts are welcome. Origami Originals Wednesdays 6:30-8:30 p.m. Get creative with origami, the art of paper-folding. This hobby is good training for the eyes, hands and mind. You can also learn a little bit of maths such as fractions and geometric shapes (几何图形), etc. from complex (复杂的), interesting paper forms. 39. Which hobby group is the most suitable for someone who wants to get fit and make friends? A. Juggling (for beginners). B. Cheerleading. C. Fishing Fun. D. Origami Originals. 40. The underline word “juggling” in the first sentence means ________. A. the art of throwing and catching objects B. making full use of things in a creative way C. dealing with two important things at the same time D. making things look better by turning them upside down 41. Which of the following is NOT TRUE? A. Juggling can help you forget about troubles. B. Origami trains a person more than one area. C. You need experience to join Fishing Fun. D. Cheerleaders support athletes by singing and dancing. 42. Jack is interested in maths and he wants to train both his eyes and mind. He will probably go to the hobby group at ________. A. 7:00 p.m. every Tuesday B. 7:00 p.m. every Thursday C. 7:00 a.m. every Sunday D. 6:30 p.m. every Wednesday 43. The audience can NOT find ________ of the hobby groups from the posters. A. the opening day and time B. the names and subjects C. the contact information D. the activities and benefits 44. The main purpose of the material is to ________. A. advise people to find balance between work and play B. provide information and sell different kinds of interest courses C. share useful tips among beginners with different hobbies D. attract people in the community to join different hobby groups 【答案】39. B 40. C 41. C 42. D 43. C 44. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了阳光社区中心开展的兴趣小组，吸引社区里的人们加入不同的爱好团体。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Cheerleading”中“If you can handle all the tough work, you can get a fit body and friendship in return.”可知，啦啦队最适合想要健身和交朋友的人。故选B。 【40题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Feeling stressed to juggling work and play?”和“Whether you’re throwing and catching balls or oranges, this ancient skill can sharpen your focus and take your mind off your troubles.”可知，因兼顾工作和娱乐而感到压力。因此推知“juggling”为“兼顾”之意，也就是说“同时处理两件重要的事情”。故选C。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Fishing Fun”中“Beginners and experts are welcome.”可知，欢迎初学者和专家。选项C中“您需要经验才能加入钓鱼乐趣。”与原文不符。故选C。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Origami Originals”中“Wednesdays 6:30-8:30 p.m.”可知，杰克可能会每周三下午6点30分去“折纸原创”兴趣组，训练他的眼睛和思维。故选D。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。通读全文并观察海报可知，观众无法从海报中找到兴趣小组的联系方式。故选C。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Sunshine Community Centre Hobby group openings”可知，文章主要介绍了阳光社区中心开展的兴趣小组，吸引社区里的人们加入不同的爱好团体。故选D。 词汇打卡 读一读 背一背 (带◆号为上海中考新增词汇) 单词 音标 词性 中文 1 background ['bækɡraʊnd] n. 背景 2 bakery ['beɪkəri] n. 面包店 3 balance ['bæləns] n. 平衡 4 basic ['beɪsɪk] a. 基本的 5 beginning [bɪ'ɡɪnɪŋ] n. 开始；开端 6 behaviour [bɪ'heɪvjə(r)] n. 行为，举止 7 believe [bɪ'liːv] v. 相信；认为 8 birth [bɜːθ] n. 出生；诞生 9 bored [bɔːd] adj. 感到乏味的；厌倦的 10 bright [braɪt] a. 明亮的；聪明的 11 breathe [briːð] vi. 呼吸 12 businessman ['bɪznəsmæn] n． 商人 13 building ['bɪldɪŋ] n. 建筑物；房屋；大楼 14 Britain ['brɪtn] n． 英国；不列颠 15 break(broke, broken) [breɪk] v 打破（断、碎）；损坏 16 brave [breɪv] a. 勇敢的 17 boil [bɔɪl] v． 沸腾；煮 18 blow(blew, blown) [bləʊ] v. 吹；刮风；吹气 19 bitter ['bɪtə(r)] a. 有苦味的；痛苦的；严酷的 20 bit（e (bit bitten／bit） [baɪt] v． 咬；盯 21 belong [bɪ'lɒŋ] v． 属，附属 22 battery ['bætri] n. 电池，蓄电池 23 battle ['bætl] n． 战斗；战役 24 beautifully ['bjuːtɪfli] adv． 优美地 25 beyond [bɪ'jɒnd] prep. （表示位置）在……的那边 26 blanket ['blæŋkɪt] n． 毯子 27 blind [blaɪnd] n. 瞎的 ◆28 bully [ˈbʊli] v. 欺负，欺凌 ◆29 benefit [ˈbenɪfɪt] n. v. .利益；使受益 ◆30 bleed [bliːd] adj. 流血，出血 想一想 写一写 根据句意用所给单词的适当词性填空 1. The view from the top of the mountain will take your __________ away. (breathe) 2. Mr. Han was under a lot of stress and he drank three __________ of wine last night. (bottle) 3. We can drink __________water but not __________water. (boil) 4. If we want to get on a plane, we need to have a __________ pass. (board) 5. His __________was the result of an accident. (blind) 6. Beethoven looked up to the sky for a while and found the moon shone__________ through the window. (bright) 7. The children quickly got __________with staying indoors. (bore) 8. The radio programme is going to offer lessons in English on _______ stations across the country. (broadcast) 9. The __________ office sells tickets 3 days in advance. (book) 10. He lives three __________ away from here. (block) 11. This is a very large park with lakes and gardens, and we can go ________ and enjoy the beautiful scenery. (boat) 12.The ___________ are flying happily around the flowers. (butterfly) 13.______ people often begin their conversation by talking about the weather. (Britain) 14.At the ______ of last century, some people in the countryside lived in darkness. (begin) 15.Simon went skating this winter holiday and learned some ______ skills. (base) 【答案】 1.breath 2.bottles 3.boiled, boiling 4.boarding 5.blindness 6.brightly 7.bored 8.broadcasting 9.booking 10.blocks 11.boating 12. butterflies 13. British 14.beginning 15.basic 考纲词组默写： 21.一……就 22.也;又 23.请求;寻求 24.早/午/晚餐时 25.起先;开始的时候/最后;终于 26.在家(里) 27.至少/至多 28.立刻;马上 29.现在,目前 30.在……结束的时候 31. 同时 32.在周末 33.在工作 34.以...为根据，以...为基础; 35.能够(有能力) 36.害怕 37.生某人的气 38.意识到;察觉，知道 39.有害于 40.出生于 答案： 21.as soon as 22.as well 23.ask for 24.at breakfast /lunch /supper 25.at first/last 26. at home 27. at least/most 28. at once 29.at present 30. at the end of 31. at the same time 32.at /on weekends 33. at work 34. based on 35.be able to 36.be afraid of 37.be angry with sb. 38.be/become aware of 39.be bad for 40.be born 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$