04讲：外刊精选+语法专题【代词】+中考题型套餐+词汇打卡【字母D】 （讲练）-【一轮通关】备战2025年中考英语讲练测（上海专用）

第四讲 外刊精选(原创)、语法专题（代词、题型套餐 （首字母+完形填空）、词汇打卡(字母D) 外刊精选 Horses replace machines in Welsh forest 马匹代替机器清除英国威尔士森林病木 在英国南威尔士，人们将用马匹来移除森林中的落叶松病木。用马运输树木是一种古老的森林管理方法，这种方法现在再次流行，因为它对健康树木、植物和地面造成的破坏比机器少。 Fforest Fawr is an old woodland area with broadleaf trees and important archaeological features, but there are diseased larch trees that need to be removed. They’ve been individually felled and then dragged out of the forest by a team of four horses. Horse logging was used for thousands of years before machinery took over. Now, it’s making a comeback because it has much less impact on the environment in areas like Fforest Fawr and can even help to fertilise the land. Natural Resources Wales, who manage Fforest Fawr, say that horses will be used at other locations in the future. 翻译  词汇表 woodland area 林地区域 archaeological features 具有考古价值的特征 diseased 患病的，生病的 felled 被砍伐，被砍倒 dragged 拖，拉 horse logging 用马匹运输树木 took over 接管，取代 making a comeback 再度流行 fertilise 施肥 阅读理解：请在读完上文后，回答下列问题。 1. Why are they removing trees in Fforest Fawr? 2. What is the two-step process of removing trees in Fforest Fawr? 3. Why did horse logging lose popularity before it made a comeback? 4. True or False? Machine logging is better for the environment than horse logging. 语法专题 语法精选----代词 1. 人称代词 （1）在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。 （2）They也可用来泛指某一些人 （3）she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等 （4）注意并列主语排序问题 1. He is taller than I am. 2. He is more intelligent than her. 3. They don’t allow us to smoke here. 这儿不让抽烟。 4. I think England will do what she promised to do. 我想英国会履行她的诺言。 5. You, she and I will be in charge of the case. 6. He and she still don’t agree to the plan. 2. 物主代词 my your his her its our your their mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 3. 反身代词 by oneself, for oneself, enjoy oneself, hurt oneself, teach oneself, etc. 4. 相互代词 each other与one another 1. He put all the books beside each other/one another. 2. Usually these small groups were independent of each other. 5. 指示代词 this 与that A: Hello! This is Bob (speaking).喂，我是鲍勃。 B: Who's that, please? 请问是哪位？(美语用Who's it?或Who's this?） 6. 疑问代词 (1). who与 what (2). which表示在一定范围内，而who、what则无此限制。 1. Who is he? —He is my brother. /He is Henry. 2. What is he？—He is a lawyer/teacher. 3. Which girl do you like best? 你喜欢哪个姑娘？ 4. What girl do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘？ 7. 不定代词 (1)some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。 (2)在期待对方回答yes 时，some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。 (3) each和every (4) other和another, the others 和others, the other 1. Smith went to some place in England. 2. Mum, could you give me some money?(请求) 3. Would you like some bananas?（邀请） 4. Every student in our class has a dictionary. 5. Each student in our class has a dictionary. 6. He got two books; one is textbook, the other is a novel. 7. Five of the pencils are red, the others (the other pens)are yellow. 8. Some are singing, others are dancing. 9. This coat is too dark. Please show me another. 10. I’ll finish the work soon, please give me another 2 minutes. 8. little和a little；few和a few 记忆法：“有（a）就是有，没有（a）就是没有” 1. Hurry up, we have little time left. 2. Don’t worry, we still have a little time. 3. He has only a few friends here. 9. one 与 it 一Two Evening Papers，please! —0nly one copy left．Would you like to have____, sir? A．one B．it C．this D．that 即学即练 1．（2022·上海·中考真题）Make sure _______ has the textbooks when the new term starts. A．nobody B．anybody C．somebody D．everybody 2．（2022·上海·中考真题）Your silk scarf is over there. This one is _______. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 3．（2021·上海·中考真题）There was ________ to eat at home, so I went out to get some food. A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 4．（2021·上海·中考真题）I haven’t brought my dictionary with me. Can I use ________? A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 5．（2016·上海·中考真题）The light went out suddenly. It was very dark and ______ could be seen clearly. A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 6．（2019·上海·中考真题）Emma，an actress，has become a superstar because of hard work and talent. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 7．（2019·上海·中考真题）The New Year Concert was so amazing that left in the middle of it. A．everybody B．anybody C．nobody D．somebody 8．（2018·上海·中考真题）Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and______is noisy. A．another B．the other C．other D．others 9．（2020·上海·中考真题）I found a story-book on the desk. It isn’t mine, it is ______, I think. A．her B．she C．yours D．mine 10．（2018·上海·中考真题）My father is a good doctor. __________works hard to help his patients. A．He B．Him C．His D．Himself 11．（2017·上海·中考真题）The headmaster introduced ______ to the German visitors before the welcome party. A．we B．us C．our D．ours 12．（2013·上海·中考真题）My parents showed some old pictures that brought back sweet memories. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 13．（2017·上海·中考真题）________ knowledge and experience are important to finish that task. A．Either B．Neither C．None D．Both 14．（2016·上海·中考真题）The retired couple have decided to go to college. It's time for to begin a new life. A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 15．（2013·上海·中考真题）__________ is waiting for you at the gate. He wants to say thanks to you. A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Everybody D．Nobody 16．（2012·上海·中考真题）We have decided to try ________ best to raise more money for the local charity. A．us B．our C．we D．ours 17．（2012·上海·中考真题）I can’t connect my computer to the Internet. There must be _______wrong with it. A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing 18．（2015·上海·中考真题）Nowadays I can choose online courses and study by_____ ? A．I B．me C．my D．myself 19．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）—This room is too small. I’d like to ask for _______. —Sorry. All rooms in our hotel are full tonight. A．another B．the other C．other D．the others 20．（2024·上海崇明·二模）The thief was put in the police car with a policeman on _________ side of him. A．all B．both C．either D．every 21．（2024·上海长宁·二模）Joe sat in the park with a book in one hand and a bottle of apple juice in ________. A．other B．another C．the others D．the other 22．（2024·上海静安·二模）I telephoned a lot of restaurants, but ________ of them were available for booking. A．both B．neither C．all D．none 23．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）The monitor of our class is warm-hearted and is always ready to help ________. A．other B．the other C．another D．others 24．（2024·上海松江·二模）In the past, ________ people took a walk by the river as it was polluted. A．a little B．little C．a few D．few 25．（2024·安徽·二模）—Which subject will you choose to enter the photo competition, plants or animals? —I’m afraid ________. I’m better at taking photos of buildings. A．neither B．either C．none D．nothing 26．（2024·上海虹口·二模）The mechanic had to spend ________ two hours fixing Judy’s car before it got ready. A．another B．other C．others D．the other 27．（2024·上海普陀·二模）If you want __________ cup of coffee, just help yourself. A．others B．another C．the other D．the others 28．（2024·上海闵行·二模）—Are there any new movies on in the cinema? —The two cartoon films the Snow Queen and the Princess 5 and Kung Fu Panda 4. You may choose ________ of them to watch. A．all B．none C．either D．neither 29．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）—Which of the two T-shirts would you like to choose? —Both. Then I can give one to my brother and leave _________ to myself. A．another B．the other C．other D．others 30．（2024·上海嘉定·一模）—You looked sad, Simon. What’s the matter? —I had ________ to do all day. I felt really bored. A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 阅读套餐 PASSAGE 1 首字母填空 （23-24九年级上·上海普陀·期中）Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给） Different people may find that different learning methods work best for them. While some would turn to teachers for help in order to get better grades, others choose to study t 1 . In fact, many universities encourage their students to form study groups and make good use of them. “Two heads are better than one.” That’s the s 2 idea behind study groups. By participating in a study group, students can benefit from some of their best academic (学术的) resources: other students. They get to pick each other’s brains and i 3 their own understanding of different problems. Moreover, study groups can create the slightly tense (紧张的) atmosphere. Many people think it’s good to study in it. For example, some students tend to procrastinate (拖延) when they are studying a 4 . However, by joining a study group, they get to observe their diligent partners and are more willing to work harder. Study groups work best when they are s 5 . Four to five students is just OK. And it’s necessary to make sure everyone has the same goal, to prepare for a particular test, to discuss class readings or to review a lecture’s notes. In addition, some study groups like to give members certain r 6 so that they would study most effectively. First they need an organizer. He usually gets group members to agree to a common purpose and a convenient time and place. They also need a group member to search for sources of information. His or her d 7 is to remind group members to identify their sources. When a group member says “I read somewhere that…” he or she is usually asked for specifics (细节). This person reminds the group that it’s important to know who said what and where it was said. And a gatekeeper tries to make sure that all group members are participating. PASSAGE 2 完形填空 （23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文。) Technology is the use of knowledge to invent new tools. Throughout history, technology has made people’s lives easier. Early humans set themselves 8 other animals when they learned to use stones as weapons or tools. This began a period that is known as the Stone Age. Stone Age people also learned to make pottery from clay. Later on, people learned to work with 9 . The people of Anatolia made copper tools and weapons as early as 6500 BC． In about 3000 BC people discovered that mixing copper with tin formed bronze. This discovery began the Bronze Age. Two important 10 took place in the Middle East at the beginning of the Bronze Age. One was the invention of the ox-drawn plow (犁). The other was the invention of the wheel and axle (车轴). Many scientists date the beginning of civilization, or advanced culture, to this time. In the 1000s BC the Hittite people of Anatolia learned to work with iron, which is stronger than bronze. This began the Iron Age. 11 , people throughout the world made iron tools and weapons. A period called the Middle Ages began in about AD 500 and lasted 12 about 1500. Many advances during this time came from other places-for example, China, Persia and India. By about the 1400s, Europeans learned the Chinese technique of casting iron. This involved 13 iron and pouring it into a mold to harden. Chinese inventors also developed black powder, the original form of gunpowder. New sources of powder were developed during this time. Two kinds of technology helped to end the Middle Ages and to begin modern times. The rudder (a part for driving a ship), the compass made it possible the sea voyages of European explorers. 8．A．afraid of B．angry with C．different from D．careful with 9．A．cotton B．metal C．plastic D．wood 10．A．wars B．thoughts C．discoveries D．developments 11．A．After that B．However C．In addition D．In return 12．A．during B．in C．for D．until 13．A．cutting B．heating C．inventing D．using 读一读 背一背 ◆词汇打卡 单词 音标 词性 中文 1 daily ['deɪli] daily ['deɪli] a/ad/n. 每日的；日常的;每天.日报 2 damage ['dæmɪdʒ] n. & v． 破坏, 损害 3 dangerous ['deɪndʒərəs] a. 危险的 4 debate [dɪ'beɪt] v. & n. 争论，辩论；讨论 5 decision [dɪ'sɪʒn] n. 决定；决心 6 decorate ['dekəreɪt] v． 装饰 7 delay [dɪ'leɪ] v.& n. 拖延，延误，延期 8 delicious [dɪ'lɪʃəs] a. 美味的，可口的 9 deliver [dɪ'lɪvə(r)] v． 投递（信件，邮包）；传送 10 dentist ['dentɪst] n. 牙科医生 11 deny [dɪ'naɪ] v. 否认，否定 12 depend [dɪ'pend] vi. 依靠；依赖；指望；取决于 13 describe [dɪ'skraɪb] vt. 描写，叙述 14 deserve [dɪ'zɜːv] v． 值得 15 design [dɪ'zaɪn] v． 设计，策划 16 destroy [dɪ'strɔɪ] v． 破坏，毁坏 17 detail ['diːteɪl] n. 细节 18 detective [dɪ'tektɪv] adj． n. 侦探的; 侦探 19 direct [də'rekt] a. 直接的；直达的；直截了当 20 drawer [drɔː(r)] n. 抽屉 21 discussion [dɪ'skʌʃn] n. 讨论，辩论 22 dismiss [dɪs'mɪs] vt. 解散；解雇；遣散 23 disturb [dɪ'stɜːb] vt. 扰乱；打扰 ◆24 drama [ˈdrɑːmə] n.. 戏剧 ◆25 doubt [daʊt] n.&v. 怀疑，不相信 ◆26 donate [dəʊˈneɪt] v.． 捐赠 ◆27 disease [dɪˈziːz] n.． 疾病 ◆28 disappoint [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt] v． 使失望 ◆29 dining [ˈdaɪnɪŋ] pp.（分词） 进餐，吃饭) ◆30 digital [ˈdɪdʒɪtl] adj.. 数字的；数码的 想一想 写一写 根据句意用所给单词的适当词性填空 1. I looked up the new word in three different __________. (dictionary) 2. She knew she’d made the right _________(decide). 3. With the __________ of science, computers will be used more widely. (develop) 4. She told me there are quite a lot of _______ between American English and British English. (different) 5. I had no __________ in making myself understood. (difficult) 6. Flowers will __________ soon if they are left without water. (dead) 7. As a movie __________, he is already very successful. (direction) 8. He answered my questions very __________ and openly. (direction) 9. We had a ________ with them about the differences between British English and American English. (discuss) 10. Can you do some housework such as washing these __________ and bowls or cleaning the kitchen? (dish) 11. She would __________ you if you disturb her too often. (like) 12. The snow will soon __________ when the warm weather comes. (appear) 13. Emily is ______. Her mother helps her with everything. (depend) 14. The earth will be destroyed one day because of people’s _____(destroy). 15. The man gave the police some ______ about the thief. (describe) 考纲词组默写： 61. 对……感到满意 62.与……类似 63.对……严格 64.应该，被期望 65.对……感到惊奇 66.对某人很感激 67.习惯于 68.由于 69.属于 70.大人物;了不起的事 71.两者都 72.损坏;衰弱下来 73.闯人;破门而人 74.乘公共汽车/火车/飞机 75.亲自 76.顺便说;顺便问一下 77.使……平静 78.照顾;喜欢 79.着凉;伤风 80.改变主意 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第四讲 外刊精选(原创)、语法专题（代词、题型套餐 （首字母+完形填空）、词汇打卡(字母D) 外刊精选 Horses replace machines in Welsh forest 马匹代替机器清除英国威尔士森林病木 在英国南威尔士，人们将用马匹来移除森林中的落叶松病木。用马运输树木是一种古老的森林管理方法，这种方法现在再次流行，因为它对健康树木、植物和地面造成的破坏比机器少。 Fforest Fawr is an old woodland area with broadleaf trees and important archaeological features, but there are diseased larch trees that need to be removed. They’ve been individually felled and then dragged out of the forest by a team of four horses. Horse logging was used for thousands of years before machinery took over. Now, it’s making a comeback because it has much less impact on the environment in areas like Fforest Fawr and can even help to fertilise the land. Natural Resources Wales, who manage Fforest Fawr, say that horses will be used at other locations in the future. 翻译  词汇表 woodland area 林地区域 archaeological features 具有考古价值的特征 diseased 患病的，生病的 felled 被砍伐，被砍倒 dragged 拖，拉 horse logging 用马匹运输树木 took over 接管，取代 making a comeback 再度流行 fertilise 施肥 阅读理解：请在读完上文后，回答下列问题。 1. Why are they removing trees in Fforest Fawr? 2. What is the two-step process of removing trees in Fforest Fawr? 3. Why did horse logging lose popularity before it made a comeback? 4. True or False? Machine logging is better for the environment than horse logging. 答案 1. Why are they removing trees in Fforest Fawr? They are removing trees in FforestFawr because they are diseased. 2. What is the two-step process of removing trees in Fforest Fawr? The two-step process of removing the trees is first to fell them, and then drag them out of the forest using a team of horses. 3. Why did horse logging lose popularity before it made a comeback? Horse logging lost popularity because machines took over. 4. True or False? Machine logging is better for the environment than horse logging. False. Horse logging is better for the environment than machine logging. 语法专题 语法精选----代词 1. 人称代词 （1）在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。 （2）They也可用来泛指某一些人 （3）she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等 （4）注意并列主语排序问题 1. He is taller than I am. 2. He is more intelligent than her. 3. They don’t allow us to smoke here. 这儿不让抽烟。 4. I think England will do what she promised to do. 我想英国会履行她的诺言。 5. You, she and I will be in charge of the case. 6. He and she still don’t agree to the plan. 2. 物主代词 my your his her its our your their mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 3. 反身代词 by oneself, for oneself, enjoy oneself, hurt oneself, teach oneself, etc. 4. 相互代词 each other与one another 1. He put all the books beside each other/one another. 2. Usually these small groups were independent of each other. 5. 指示代词 this 与that A: Hello! This is Bob (speaking).喂，我是鲍勃。 B: Who's that, please? 请问是哪位？(美语用Who's it?或Who's this?） 6. 疑问代词 (1). who与 what (2). which表示在一定范围内，而who、what则无此限制。 1. Who is he? —He is my brother. /He is Henry. 2. What is he？—He is a lawyer/teacher. 3. Which girl do you like best? 你喜欢哪个姑娘？ 4. What girl do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘？ 7. 不定代词 (1)some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。 (2)在期待对方回答yes 时，some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。 (3) each和every (4) other和another, the others 和others, the other 1. Smith went to some place in England. 2. Mum, could you give me some money?(请求) 3. Would you like some bananas?（邀请） 4. Every student in our class has a dictionary. 5. Each student in our class has a dictionary. 6. He got two books; one is textbook, the other is a novel. 7. Five of the pencils are red, the others (the other pens)are yellow. 8. Some are singing, others are dancing. 9. This coat is too dark. Please show me another. 10. I’ll finish the work soon, please give me another 2 minutes. 8. little和a little；few和a few 记忆法：“有（a）就是有，没有（a）就是没有” 1. Hurry up, we have little time left. 2. Don’t worry, we still have a little time. 3. He has only a few friends here. 9. one 与 it 一Two Evening Papers，please! —0nly one copy left．Would you like to have____, sir? A．one B．it C．this D．that 即学即练 1．（2022·上海·中考真题）Make sure _______ has the textbooks when the new term starts. A．nobody B．anybody C．somebody D．everybody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：新学期开始时，要确保每个人都有课本。 考查代词辨析。nobody没有人；anybody任何人；somebody某人；everybody每个人。根据“when the new term starts.”可知，新学期开始要确保每个人都有课本。故选D。 2．（2022·上海·中考真题）Your silk scarf is over there. This one is _______. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你的丝巾在那边。这是我的。 考查代词辨析。I我，人称代词主格；me我，人称代词宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine名词性物主代词。空格后没有名词，此处指这是“我的”丝巾，故用名词性物主代词mine指代。故选D。 3．（2021·上海·中考真题）There was ________ to eat at home, so I went out to get some food. A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：家里没有东西吃了，所以我出去买一些食物。 考查代词。anything任何事，用于否定句或一般疑问句；nothing没什么；something某物，用于肯定句；everything一切。根据“so I went out to get some food”可知，我出去买食物，因此表示家里没有什么可以吃的了，所以用代词nothing，故选B。 4．（2021·上海·中考真题）I haven’t brought my dictionary with me. Can I use ________? A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我没有带字典。我可以用你的吗？ 考查代词辨析。you你，主格或宾格；your你的，形容词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；yourself你自己，反身代词。根据“Can I use...”可知，此处应用名词性物主代词yours，指代“你的字典”。故选C。 5．（2016·上海·中考真题）The light went out suddenly. It was very dark and ______ could be seen clearly. A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：突然间灯灭了，于是很暗，什么也看不见。 A. anything (用于否定句、疑问句也用于if或whether之后，或紧接prevent、ban、avoid等动词，代替something) 任何东西；B. something某事；C. nothing没有什么；D. everything每件事。根据前面一句的意思为——-突然灯灭了，go out 熄灭，it was very dark 很暗，可知，没有东西能被看见（什么也看不见），因此“没东西”为nothing。因此答案为C。 6．（2019·上海·中考真题）Emma，an actress，has become a superstar because of hard work and talent. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Emma，一个女演员，因为她的努力工作和天赋而成为一名巨星。 A. she她，主格；B. her她的，形容词性物主代词；C. hers她的，名词性物主代词；D. herself她自己，反身代词。表示某人的艰苦努力和才能，这里用形容性的物主代词，主语是Emma，是女演员。这里用her。根据题意，故选B。 7．（2019·上海·中考真题）The New Year Concert was so amazing that left in the middle of it. A．everybody B．anybody C．nobody D．somebody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：新年音乐会太精彩了，没有人中途离开。 A. everybody每人；B. anybody任何人；C. nobody没有人；D. somebody某人。根据上文The New Year Concert was so amazing可知下文是说没有人离开。根据题意，故选C。 8．（2018·上海·中考真题）Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and______is noisy. A．another B．the other C．other D．others 【答案】B 【详解】句意：凯瑟琳有两个表兄妹。一个是安静的，另一个是吵闹的。A. another代词，“又一、另一”，指三个或三个以上中的另一个，常用来修饰单数名词；B. the other两者中的另一个，或后跟名词，指其余的全部；C. other形容词，“其他的”，后跟名词，泛指剩余的一部分；D. others代词，泛指其余的人或物。one…the other...一个……另一个……固定搭配。故答案为B。 点睛：another，other，others，the other，the others的区别： 1.another泛指（指三者或三者以上中的）另一个，既可作代词又可作形容词。 2.other其他的，另外的，泛指另一个或另一些。作定语时常与可数名词复数连用。 3.others泛指别的，其他人或物，是other的复数形式，相当于other加可数名词复数。 4.the other可作代词也可作形容词，表（两者中的）另一个，常用于one…the other…的句型中，如：She has two children, one is a boy, and the other is a girl. 也可以后跟名词复数，特指其余的人或物。 5.the others是the other的复数形式，特指某一范围内“其余的全部人或物”。只作代词用，相当于the other加可数名词复数，如：Four of them are in the classroom, what about the others？ 9．（2020·上海·中考真题）I found a story-book on the desk. It isn’t mine, it is ______, I think. A．her B．she C．yours D．mine 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我在桌子上发现了一本故事书。它不是我的，我认为它是你的。 考查代词辨析。her她的；she她；yours你的；mine我的。此空指代某人的书，空格后无名词，应填名词性物主代词，排除A和B选项。根据“it isn’t mine”可知，不是我的，排除D，故选C。 10．（2018·上海·中考真题）My father is a good doctor. __________works hard to help his patients. A．He B．Him C．His D．Himself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我爸爸是个好医生。他努力帮助病人。A. He他，主格；B. Him他，宾格；C. His他的，形容词性物主代词；D. Himself他自己，反身代词。此处缺少主语，应该用代词的主格形式，故答案为A。 点睛：人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语。如：He is a teacher.(主格) Let me help you.(宾格)；物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，形容词性物主代词用作定语，修饰名词，如my book, his father(形容词性物主代词)。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。 11．（2017·上海·中考真题）The headmaster introduced ______ to the German visitors before the welcome party. A．we B．us C．our D．ours 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在欢迎会开始前校长把我们介绍给了德国游客。Introduce介绍，是及物动词，后接名词或代词作它的宾语。当接人称代词时，代词为宾格。A.we我们，主格代词；B. us我们，宾格代词；C. our我们的，物主代词（形容词性）；D. ours我们的（名词性）。故选B。 12．（2013·上海·中考真题）My parents showed some old pictures that brought back sweet memories. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我奶奶给我一些老照片,带回了我甜蜜的记忆。show sb. sth.把某物展示给某人看，show是动词后用代词的宾格。结合句意，故选B。 13．（2017·上海·中考真题）________ knowledge and experience are important to finish that task. A．Either B．Neither C．None D．Both 【答案】D 【详解】试题分析：句意：知识和经验这两点对完成这项任务很重要。A.Either（两者之中的）任一个；B.Neither两者都不；C.None（三者以上）没有一个；D. Both两者都。knowledge and experience，知识和技能，是两个方面，据句意可知，这两项都很重要，属于both…and…结构，两者都……。故选D。 考点：考查不定代词辨析。 14．（2016·上海·中考真题）The retired couple have decided to go to college. It's time for to begin a new life. A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那对退休的夫妇已决定去上大学。到了他们开始一种新生活的时候了。根据It's time for sb. to do sth．“到了某人该做某事的时间了”。for是介词，后面跟人称代词时，要用人称代词，的宾格形式。they的宾格形式是them。故选B。 15．（2013·上海·中考真题）__________ is waiting for you at the gate. He wants to say thanks to you. A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Everybody D．Nobody 【答案】A 【详解】Somebody某人，一般用于肯定句；Anybody任何人，用于一般疑问句及否定句；Everybody每个人；Nobody没有人。句意：有人在门口等你。他想对你说谢谢。结合语境可知选Ａ。 考点：不定代词辨析 16．（2012·上海·中考真题）We have decided to try ________ best to raise more money for the local charity. A．us B．our C．we D．ours 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们决定尽最大努力为当地的慈善机构筹集更多的资金。考查固定搭配，考查代词，try ones best to do ，尽某人的努力去做某事，前面有个we，可知用our，答案选B。 17．（2012·上海·中考真题）I can’t connect my computer to the Internet. There must be _______wrong with it. A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我不能把电脑和网络连起来。肯定是有什么毛病。 A. something某事； B. everything 一切事情； C. anything 任何事情，用于否定句或疑问句中； D. nothing没有事情。根据该句是肯定句，及句意，故选A。 18．（2015·上海·中考真题）Nowadays I can choose online courses and study by_____ ? A．I B．me C．my D．myself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：现在我能选在网上上课和自学。By oneself表示靠某人自己；A. I我；B. Me我，宾格；C. My我的；D. Myself我自己。根据题意，故选D。 19．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）—This room is too small. I’d like to ask for _______. —Sorry. All rooms in our hotel are full tonight. A．another B．the other C．other D．the others 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个房间太小了。我想要另一个。——对不起。今晚我们宾馆所有的房间都客满了。 考查代词辨析。another泛指另一个（三者或以上）；the other（两者中的）另一个；other其他的；the others其他东西，其余的人。根据“This room is too small. I’d like to ask for...”可知，这个房间太小了，想要另一个房间，此处表泛指，应用another。故选A。 20．（2024·上海崇明·二模）The thief was put in the police car with a policeman on _________ side of him. A．all B．both C．either D．every 【答案】C 【详解】句意：小偷被带上一辆警车，他两侧各有一名警察。 考查代词辨析。all所有，全部，后接名词复数；both两者都，后接名词复数；either任何一个，后接名词单数；every每一个 (三者及以上)。根据“...side of him”可知，此处指小偷的左右两边，且设空处后为单数名词，either符合语境。故选C。 21．（2024·上海长宁·二模）Joe sat in the park with a book in one hand and a bottle of apple juice in ________. A．other B．another C．the others D．the other 【答案】D 【详解】句意：乔坐在公园里，一手拿着一本书，一手拿着一瓶苹果汁。 考查代词辨析。other其他的，后跟名词；another三者或三者以上的另一个；the others其余的；the other两者中的另一个。由“Joe sat in the park with a book in one hand and a bottle of apple juice in…”可知，此处应该是说一手拿书，一手拿苹果汁。故选D。 22．（2024·上海静安·二模）I telephoned a lot of restaurants, but ________ of them were available for booking. A．both B．neither C．all D．none 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我给很多餐馆打了电话，但没有一家可以预订。 考查代词辨析。both两者都；neither两者都不；all全都；none全都不。根据“I telephoned a lot of restaurants, but...of them were available for booking.”可知转折词后表示没有一家餐馆可以预定，表示全都不用none。故选D。 23．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）The monitor of our class is warm-hearted and is always ready to help ________. A．other B．the other C．another D．others 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们班的班长热心肠，乐于助人。 考查不定代词。other其他的，后跟名词复数；the other另一个，特指两者中的一个；another再一个；others另一些人。根据“is always ready to help…”和空格后没有名词可知，泛指帮助其他人，用others。故选D。 24．（2024·上海松江·二模）In the past, ________ people took a walk by the river as it was polluted. A．a little B．little C．a few D．few 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在过去，很少有人在河边散步，因为它被污染了。 考查代词辨析。a little一些，修饰不可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词。根据“as it was polluted”可知河水被污染，所以是几乎没有人去河里游泳，排除选项A、C；空后people为集合名词，本身为复数含义，应用few修饰。故选D。 25．（2024·安徽·二模）—Which subject will you choose to enter the photo competition, plants or animals? —I’m afraid ________. I’m better at taking photos of buildings. A．neither B．either C．none D．nothing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你会选择哪个主题参加摄影比赛，植物还是动物？——恐怕都不是。我更擅长拍摄建筑物的照片。 考查不定代词。neither两者都不；either两者中的任何一个；none三者或以上都不；nothing没有什么。根据“Which subject will you choose to enter the photo competition, plants or animals?”和“ I’m better at taking photos of buildings.”可知，此处表示两者都不是，故选A。 26．（2024·上海虹口·二模）The mechanic had to spend ________ two hours fixing Judy’s car before it got ready. A．another B．other C．others D．the other 【答案】A 【详解】句意：机械师又花了两个小时修理朱迪的车才准备好。 考查代词辨析。another再一个；other另外的人；others另一些人；the other另一个，特指两者中的一个。根据“two hours”可知，another+数词+名词复数，表示“再几……”，another two hours表示“再两个小时”。故选A。 27．（2024·上海普陀·二模）If you want __________ cup of coffee, just help yourself. A．others B．another C．the other D．the others 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你想再喝一杯咖啡，请自便。 考查代词辨析。others其他人或物；another另一个；the other两者中的另一个；the others其他人或物。此处泛指“再喝一杯咖啡”，用another。故选B。 28．（2024·上海闵行·二模）—Are there any new movies on in the cinema? —The two cartoon films the Snow Queen and the Princess 5 and Kung Fu Panda 4. You may choose ________ of them to watch. A．all B．none C．either D．neither 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——电影院正在上映新电影吗？   ——两部动画片《冰雪女王与公主》和《功夫熊猫》。你可以选择其中之一观看。 考查代词辨析。all(三者以上)全部都；none(三者以上)全都不；either(两者之中)任意一个都可以；neither(两者之中)任意一个都不行。根据“You may choose…of them to watch.”可推测，此处指对方建议可以选择这两部中的其中一部观看。故选C。 29．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）—Which of the two T-shirts would you like to choose? —Both. Then I can give one to my brother and leave _________ to myself. A．another B．the other C．other D．others 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这两件T恤你想选哪一件？——两件都要。然后我可以把一件给我哥哥，另一件留给我自己。 考查代词。another另一（常用于三个或三个以上）；the other（两个中的）另一个；other其他的（其后接名词）；others其他的（其后不接名词）。根据“the two T-shirts”可知，空格处指两件T恤中的另一件。故选B。 30．（2024·上海嘉定·一模）—You looked sad, Simon. What’s the matter? —I had ________ to do all day. I felt really bored. A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你看起来很伤心，西蒙。怎么了？——我整天无事可做。我觉得很无聊。 考查代词辨析。anything任何事；nothing无事；something某事；everything每件事。根据“I felt really bored.”可知，觉得很无聊，所以无事可做，故选B。 阅读套餐 PASSAGE 1 首字母填空 （23-24九年级上·上海普陀·期中）Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给） Different people may find that different learning methods work best for them. While some would turn to teachers for help in order to get better grades, others choose to study t 1 . In fact, many universities encourage their students to form study groups and make good use of them. “Two heads are better than one.” That’s the s 2 idea behind study groups. By participating in a study group, students can benefit from some of their best academic (学术的) resources: other students. They get to pick each other’s brains and i 3 their own understanding of different problems. Moreover, study groups can create the slightly tense (紧张的) atmosphere. Many people think it’s good to study in it. For example, some students tend to procrastinate (拖延) when they are studying a 4 . However, by joining a study group, they get to observe their diligent partners and are more willing to work harder. Study groups work best when they are s 5 . Four to five students is just OK. And it’s necessary to make sure everyone has the same goal, to prepare for a particular test, to discuss class readings or to review a lecture’s notes. In addition, some study groups like to give members certain r 6 so that they would study most effectively. First they need an organizer. He usually gets group members to agree to a common purpose and a convenient time and place. They also need a group member to search for sources of information. His or her d 7 is to remind group members to identify their sources. When a group member says “I read somewhere that…” he or she is usually asked for specifics (细节). This person reminds the group that it’s important to know who said what and where it was said. And a gatekeeper tries to make sure that all group members are participating. 【答案】1．(t)ogether 2．(s)imple 3．(i)mprove 4．(a)lone 5．(s)mall 6．(r)oles 7．(d)uty 【导语】本文是篇说明文，主要介绍了小组学习这个学习方法的优势。 1．句意：有些人会向老师寻求帮助以获得更好的成绩，而另一些人选择一起学习。根据“While some would turn to teachers for help in order to get better grades, others choose to study...”和首字母提示可知，强调的是和其他人一起学习，together “一起”。故填(t)ogether。 2．句意：“三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。”这是小组学习背后的纯粹道理。根据“‘Two heads are better than one’That’s the idea...”和首字母提示可知，“三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮”是小组学习的简单道理，simple“简单的，纯粹的”。故填(s)imple。 3．句意：他们可以互相讨教，提高自己对不同问题的理解。根据“and...their own understanding”和首字母提示可知，指的是提高问题的理解，并列连词and前后动词形式一致，此处使用动词原形improve“提高”。故填(i)mprove。 4．句意：例如，一些学生在独自学习时往往会拖延。根据“some students tend to procrastinate (拖延) when they are studying...”和全文语境可知，本文主要介绍的是小组学习的好处，因此“procrastinate(拖延)”应该是“独自”学习时可能产生的。alone“独自”。故填(a)lone。 5．句意：学习小组人数少的时候效果好。根据下文“Four to five students is just OK”和首字母提示可知，小组里有4到5人是合适的，是在强调数量少，small“（数量）小”。故填(s)mall。 6．句意：此外，一些学习小组喜欢给成员一定的角色，使他们能够最有效地学习。根据下文“First they need an organizer...to search for sources of information.”和首字母提示可知，小组内不同的成员有着不同的职责，role“角色”，由“members”可知，需要填“role”的复数形式。故填(r)oles。 7．句意：他或她的职责是提醒小组成员识别它们的来源。根据“In addition, some study groups like to give members certain roles；His or her...is to remind group members to identify their sources.”和首字母提示可知，不同的小组成员有不同的职责，因此答题空处指的是“他或她的义务或职责”，duty“义务，职责”，由“is”可知，此处使用可数名词单数作主语。故填(d)uty。 PASSAGE 2 完形填空 （23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文。) Technology is the use of knowledge to invent new tools. Throughout history, technology has made people’s lives easier. Early humans set themselves 8 other animals when they learned to use stones as weapons or tools. This began a period that is known as the Stone Age. Stone Age people also learned to make pottery from clay. Later on, people learned to work with 9 . The people of Anatolia made copper tools and weapons as early as 6500 BC． In about 3000 BC people discovered that mixing copper with tin formed bronze. This discovery began the Bronze Age. Two important 10 took place in the Middle East at the beginning of the Bronze Age. One was the invention of the ox-drawn plow (犁). The other was the invention of the wheel and axle (车轴). Many scientists date the beginning of civilization, or advanced culture, to this time. In the 1000s BC the Hittite people of Anatolia learned to work with iron, which is stronger than bronze. This began the Iron Age. 11 , people throughout the world made iron tools and weapons. A period called the Middle Ages began in about AD 500 and lasted 12 about 1500. Many advances during this time came from other places-for example, China, Persia and India. By about the 1400s, Europeans learned the Chinese technique of casting iron. This involved 13 iron and pouring it into a mold to harden. Chinese inventors also developed black powder, the original form of gunpowder. New sources of powder were developed during this time. Two kinds of technology helped to end the Middle Ages and to begin modern times. The rudder (a part for driving a ship), the compass made it possible the sea voyages of European explorers. 8．A．afraid of B．angry with C．different from D．careful with 9．A．cotton B．metal C．plastic D．wood 10．A．wars B．thoughts C．discoveries D．developments 11．A．After that B．However C．In addition D．In return 12．A．during B．in C．for D．until 13．A．cutting B．heating C．inventing D．using 【答案】8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．D 13．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了各个时期技术和工具发展。 8．句意：当早期人类学会使用石头作为武器或工具时，他们就把自己与其他动物区别开来。 afraid of害怕；angry with和……生气；different from与……不同；careful with小心。根据“Early humans set themselves ... other animals when they learned to use stones as weapons or tools.”可知，早期人类与动物的不同，在于人类会使用武器和工具。故选C。 9．句意：后来，人们学会了用金属工作。 cotton棉花；metal金属；plastic塑料；wood木材。根据下文“This discovery began the Bronze Age.”可知，铜器时代，铜属于金属，故此处指人们用金属工作。故选B。 10．句意：在青铜时代初期，中东产生了两个重要的发展。 wars战争；thoughts想法；discoveries发现；developments发展。根据“One was the invention of the ox-drawn plow (犁). The other was the invention of the wheel and axle (车轴).”可知，犁和车轮以及车轴的出现，说明技术在不断进步，故此处指两个重要的发展。故选D。 11．句意：此后，世界各地的人们开始制造铁制工具和武器。 After that在那之后；However然而；In addition此外；In return作为回报。根据“This began the Iron Age. ”可知，铁器时代开始后，人们开始用铁制作工具和武器。故选A。 12．句意：中世纪大约开始于公元500年，一直持续到大约1500年。 during在……期间；in在……里面；for为了；until直到。根据“A period called the Middle Ages began in about AD 500 and lasted ... about 1500.”可知，中世纪从公元500年开始，直到1500年结束。故选D。 13．句意：这包括加热铁并将其倒入模具中使其变硬。 cutting砍，剪；heating加热；inventing发明；using使用。根据“pouring it into a mold to harden”可知，此处把铁加热至融化，然后倒入模具中使其变硬。故选B。 词汇打卡 读一读 背一背 (带◆号为上海中考新增词汇) 单词 音标 词性 中文 1 daily ['deɪli] daily ['deɪli] a/ad/n. 每日的；日常的;每天.日报 2 damage ['dæmɪdʒ] n. & v． 破坏, 损害 3 dangerous ['deɪndʒərəs] a. 危险的 4 debate [dɪ'beɪt] v. & n. 争论，辩论；讨论 5 decision [dɪ'sɪʒn] n. 决定；决心 6 decorate ['dekəreɪt] v． 装饰 7 delay [dɪ'leɪ] v.& n. 拖延，延误，延期 8 delicious [dɪ'lɪʃəs] a. 美味的，可口的 9 deliver [dɪ'lɪvə(r)] v． 投递（信件，邮包）；传送 10 dentist ['dentɪst] n. 牙科医生 11 deny [dɪ'naɪ] v. 否认，否定 12 depend [dɪ'pend] vi. 依靠；依赖；指望；取决于 13 describe [dɪ'skraɪb] vt. 描写，叙述 14 deserve [dɪ'zɜːv] v． 值得 15 design [dɪ'zaɪn] v． 设计，策划 16 destroy [dɪ'strɔɪ] v． 破坏，毁坏 17 detail ['diːteɪl] n. 细节 18 detective [dɪ'tektɪv] adj． n. 侦探的; 侦探 19 direct [də'rekt] a. 直接的；直达的；直截了当 20 drawer [drɔː(r)] n. 抽屉 21 discussion [dɪ'skʌʃn] n. 讨论，辩论 22 dismiss [dɪs'mɪs] vt. 解散；解雇；遣散 23 disturb [dɪ'stɜːb] vt. 扰乱；打扰 ◆24 drama [ˈdrɑːmə] n.. 戏剧 ◆25 doubt [daʊt] n.&v. 怀疑，不相信 ◆26 donate [dəʊˈneɪt] v.． 捐赠 ◆27 disease [dɪˈziːz] n.． 疾病 ◆28 disappoint [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt] v． 使失望 ◆29 dining [ˈdaɪnɪŋ] pp.（分词） 进餐，吃饭) ◆30 digital [ˈdɪdʒɪtl] adj.. 数字的；数码的 想一想 写一写 根据句意用所给单词的适当词性填空 1. I looked up the new word in three different __________. (dictionary) 2. She knew she’d made the right _________(decide). 3. With the __________ of science, computers will be used more widely. (develop) 4. She told me there are quite a lot of _______ between American English and British English. (different) 5. I had no __________ in making myself understood. (difficult) 6. Flowers will __________ soon if they are left without water. (dead) 7. As a movie __________, he is already very successful. (direction) 8. He answered my questions very __________ and openly. (direction) 9. We had a ________ with them about the differences between British English and American English. (discuss) 10. Can you do some housework such as washing these __________ and bowls or cleaning the kitchen? (dish) 11. She would __________ you if you disturb her too often. (like) 12. The snow will soon __________ when the warm weather comes. (appear) 13. Emily is ______. Her mother helps her with everything. (depend) 14. The earth will be destroyed one day because of people’s _____(destroy). 15. The man gave the police some ______ about the thief. (describe) 【答案】 1.dictionaries 2.decision 3.development 4.differences 5.difficulty 6.die 7.director 8.directly 9.discussion 10.dishes 11.dislike 12.disappear 13.dependent 14.destruction 15.description 考纲词组默写： 61. 对……感到满意 62.与……类似 63.对……严格 64.应该，被期望 65.对……感到惊奇 66.对某人很感激 67.习惯于 68.由于 69.属于 70.大人物;了不起的事 71.两者都 72.损坏;衰弱下来 73.闯人;破门而人 74.乘公共汽车/火车/飞机 75.亲自 76.顺便说;顺便问一下 77.使……平静 78.照顾;喜欢 79.着凉;伤风 80.改变主意 答案： 61. be satisfied with 62.be similar to 63.be strict with 64.be supposed to 65. be surprised at 66.be thankful to sb. 67. be used to 68. because of 69.belong to 70. big deal 71. both...and... 72.break down 73. break into 74. by bus/train/plane 75. by oneself 76. by the way 77.calm down 78.care for 79.catch(a) cold 80. change one's mind 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$