Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

Body Language Body language is used by people for sending messages to one another.It's an important form of nonverbal language，including facial expressions，gestures，eye contact，etc. Body language provides us with hidden signals in communication.For example，we can tell that one is in a rush when he constantly checks his watch in talking.Thus，wrapping up the conversation soon is a wise choice.Proper use of body language can break the ice and get the hints in conversation but we also need to be careful when using body language，as it goes hand in hand with cultural differences. Convenient and useful as it may sound，remember，nodding your head may not mean yes in some cultures. 1．hint n．暗示；迹象 2．in a rush匆匆忙忙 3．go hand in hand密切相关；齐头并进 Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking 1．Match the main idea with each part. A．The same gesture may have different meanings in different countries. B．Smiling has many different uses. C．Body language varies from culture to culture. D．Both words and body language are of importance in interactions with others. E．Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. Part 1(Para.1) Part 2(Para.2) Part 3(Paras.3－4) Part 4(Para.5) Part 5(Para.6) 答案　DCAEB 2．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Communication. B．Spoken language. C．Body language. D．Different cultures. 答案　C Choose the best answers according to the text. 1．In which country do people disapprove of eye contact? A．In America. B．In China. C．In many Middle Eastern countries. D．In many Asian countries. 2．What is the purpose of the second paragraph? A．To tell us how important body language is. B．To show an identical gesture may have different meanings in different cultures. C．To stop men and women making eye contact while talking. D．To remind us to look down while talking to an older person to show respect. 3．What can we know from paragraph 1? A．Words speak louder than body language. B．Body language is more useful than words. C．People prefer to express their feelings in words. D．Body language plays an important role in daily communication. 4．How does the text develop? A．By giving examples. B．By giving data. C．By giving definition. D．By analysing facts. 答案　1～4　CBDA 找出描述微笑重要性的句子 1．A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. 2．A smile can break down barriers. 3．We can use a smile to apologise，to greet someone，to ask for help，or to start a conversation. 4．Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger. 5．And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. [核心词汇·练透] vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变 [经典佳句]　Just like spoken language，body language varies from culture to culture. 不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言，这与口头语言相似。 (1)vary from...to...　在……到……之间变化；从……到……不等 vary in sth 在某方面不同 vary with... 随……而变化 (2)variety n.　多样性 a variety of/varieties of 多种多样的 (3)various adj. 多种多样的 [即时训练]　 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I have a number of hobbies, varying(vary) from playing basketball to playing the piano. ②我们的英语口语俱乐部经常组织各种各样的有意义的活动，鼓励我们获得乐趣的同时说英语。(2022·天津3月卷，书面表达) Our Spoken English Club regularly organizes a variety of/varieties of/various meaningful activities，encouraging us to speak English as well as get pleasure. appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的；适当的 [经典佳句]　It is appropriate that we should help people in need. 帮助有需要的人是应该的。 (1)be appropriate for/to ＝be suitable/fit for适合…… It is appropriate (for sb) to do sth. (某人)做某事是合适的。 It is (not) appropriate that sb (should) do sth. 某人做某事是(不)合适的。 (2)appropriately adv. 适当地 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It is appropriate that we (should) start(start) a campaign to protect our environment. ②It's necessary for you to make your child know that you expect him to act appropriately(appropriate) toward other people. ③就我而言，我认为父母为了给孩子提供更好的条件而辞职是不合适的。 As for me，I don't think it (is) appropriate for parents to quit their jobs in order to provide better conditions for their children. approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过 [经典佳句]　I would appreciate it if you could approve my application and inform me of the interview. 如果你能批准我的申请并通知我面试，我将十分感激。 (1)approve of (sb/sb's) doing sth　赞成/同意某人做某事 (2)approval n. 赞成；通过；同意；认可；批准 meet with one's approval 得到某人的赞许 give one's approval to sth 批准某事；同意某事 (3)approving adj. 赞许的；许可的 [即时训练]　 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①When he was approved(approve) as a volunteer at the group home，he felt very satisfied. ②She was eager to win her father's approval，and he gave her an approving nod.(approve) ③我等了又等，但只有少数人举手表示赞同。(读后续之写动作细节描写) I waited and waited but only a few raised hands to show their approval． witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人 [经典佳句]　Your success in the competition is a witness to your hard work. 你在比赛中的成功是你努力的见证。 (1)witness sth/that...　 目击…… witness to (doing) sth 证实/证明(做)某事 (2)a witness of/to sth…… 的目击者/见证人 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The last ten years has witnessed (witness) great progress in space and sea exploration in our country. ②邻居看到一个穿得破破烂烂的男孩在附近走家串户卖爆米花。 The neighborhood witnessed a poorly­dressed boy selling popcorn from door to door. employ vt.使用；应用；雇用；利用(时间、精力等) [经典佳句]　Every day after school，he would employ himself in/be employed in helping mum do housework. 每天放学后，他都会忙于帮妈妈做家务。 (1)employ sb as...　雇用某人担任…… employ sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事 (2) 从事于/忙于(做)某事 (3)employment n.　雇用，职业；工作 (4)employer n. 雇主；老板；雇用者 employee n. 雇员；雇工 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①If I am lucky enough to be employed (employ)，I will do whatever I can to repay you for your trust. ②Learning that he wasn't employed as a volunteer，he couldn't help weeping sadly. ③每天忙于在线学习，我不能匀出时间与老师和同学面对面地交流。 ★Employed in online learning every day，I can't spare some time to interact with my teachers and classmates face to face.(过去分词作状语) ★Employing myself in online learning every day，I can't spare some time to interact with my teachers and classmates face to face.(现在分词作状语) differ vi.相异；不同于 [经典佳句]　It is obvious that the twins differ from each other in character. 很显然，这对双胞胎在性格方面不一样。 (1)differ in　 在……方面不同 differ from 与……不同/有区别 (2)difference n. 差异，不同之处 make a difference (to...) (对……)有影响，有作用 (3)different adj. 不同的 be different from 与……不同 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The person I respect most is my headteacher who differs(differ) from other teachers in teaching. ②In our daily life，he teaches us how to tell the difference (differ) between right and wrong. ③我将尽可能地帮忙清理路边的垃圾，希望我的行为能起到作用。 I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible，hoping to make a difference． favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同 [经典佳句]　It turns out that students favour the entertaining ways over the traditional ones when it comes to English learning.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，应用文) 事实证明，在涉及英语学习方面，学生们更喜欢娱乐的方式而不是传统的方式。 (1)favour sth/doing sth 较喜欢某物/做某事 (2)do sb a favour 帮某人忙 in favour (of sb/sth) 赞同(某人/某事) in sb's favour 有利于某人 “帮助某人”表达：①give sb a hand; ②help sb。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Our products have good fame at home and abroad，deeply favoured (favour) by customers. ②当听说他们大多数人不赞成他的意见时，他非常生气。 He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them weren't in favour of his opinion． ③我写这封信，希望您能够在即将到来的面试中帮助我。 (应用文之求助信) I'm writing this letter，hoping that you can do me a favour/do a favour for me with my coming interview． break down 消除；打破；(机器)损坏，发生故障；破坏；(谈判、计划等)失败；破裂；(身体)垮掉；(化学)分解 [经典佳句]　A smile can break down barriers. 微笑可以消除隔阂。 break away from　 突然挣脱； 逃脱 break in 强行进入； 破门而入 break into 强行闯入； 撬开(汽车等) break out 爆发； 突然开始 break through 取得突破； 作出新的重大发现 break up (with sb) (关系)破裂； 分手 [即时训练]　写出下列句中break down的含义 ①The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached.(谈判)失败 ②Your health will break down if you always stay up late.(身体)垮掉 ③It was bad luck that my car broke down on the way to Beijing.发生故障 ④Plastic bags are difficult to break down.(化学)分解 [重点句型·通关] 教材原句：And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 当我们感到沮丧或孤单时，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。 [句式分析]　本句中否定词nothing与比较级better连用，表示最高级含义。 表示最高级含义的几种特殊结构： (1)“否定词＋比较级”意为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等； (2)“can/could＋never/not...enough/too...”意为“再……也不过分”。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier(happy) than I was. ②周围的稻田像一片金色的海洋，我从来没看见过比这更漂亮的景象！(比喻) The rice fields around me look like a golden sea.I have never seen more beautiful scenery than it! ③就我个人而言，在我们日常生活中身体健康最重要。 As far as I'm concerned，nothing is more important than health in our daily life. Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．make eye contact 眼神交流 2．kiss their friends on the cheek亲吻朋友的脸颊 3．wear a frown 皱着眉头 4．vary from culture to culture 因文化而异 5．look into one's eyes 看着某人的眼睛 6．shake one's head 摇头 7．break down barriers 消除隔阂 8．an absence of eye contact 缺少眼神交流 9．have their arms crossed in front of their chest 他们的手臂在胸前交叉 10．express our thoughts and opinions 表达我们的想法和观点 11．ask for help 寻求帮助 12．feel down or lonely 感到沮丧或孤独 13．get through difficult situations 渡过难关 14．a way to display interest 一种表现兴趣的方式 Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．Lack of confidence is one of the main barriers (障碍) to his success. 2．My reliable (可靠的) friend constantly can come up with splendid ideas to solve problems. 3．Generally speaking，people in Japan favour bowing (鞠躬) when they meet! 4．By comparison (比较) with last year，the price of the house has slightly decreased. 5．谈判破裂了，这使得公司经理有些不高兴。 The talk broke down，which made the manager of the company slightly annoyed. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$