13 第四章 第二节 高级句型的使用（课件PPT）-【启航英语】2025版高考英语读后续写高分策略(读思写)

第四章 读后续写提分升档攻略 启航 英语 第二节　高级句型的使用 一、含非谓语动词的句子 非谓语动词可以将一些简单句或复合句进行灵活转换。巧妙地使用非谓语动词可以使句型更多样化，使文章结构更加紧凑，使文章所表达的含义更加简明。非谓语动词有四种形式：不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。 1．She was at a loss, wondering what to do next. 她不知所措，不知道下一步该怎么办。 2．Exposed to the truth, I hugged Dad in my arms tightly. 真相大白后，我紧紧地拥抱了爸爸。 3．I lowered my head with embarrassment, standing there like a fool. 我尴尬地低下头，像个傻瓜一样站在那里。 4．Wild with joy, she jumped up, grabbing the blouse and flourishing it while crying. 她高兴得跳了起来，一把抓住衬衫，把它拿在手里挥舞着，哭了起来。 5．Struggling for a while, Dad decided to exchange his only winter coat for the tricycle. 爸爸内心纠结了一会儿，决定用他唯一的一件冬衣来换三轮车。 6．Lying awake in the dark, Jane wanted very much to be with Tom and her family. 躺在黑暗中无法入睡，简非常想和汤姆以及家人在一起。 7．After she had climbed to a high place, she turned around, hoping to see the lake. 她爬到一个很高的地方，转过身希望能看到那个湖。 8．Feeling scared and helpless, Jane sat beside a tree and held her shoulders in her arms to make herself warm. 简感到害怕和无助，坐在一棵树旁，用胳膊抱着自己的肩膀取暖。 9．Seeing someone approaching me/At the sight of someone approaching me, I went down and left. 当我看到有人靠近我时，我就走了下来离开了。 10．Mr.Green looked at me, sitting at the desk and biting his lips, as if thinking. 格林先生看着我，坐在办公桌边，咬着嘴唇，好像陷入了沉思。 11．Wandering aimlessly along a stream, Jane felt not only confused but also hopeless and then out rushed Tom, together with policemen.Jane ran towards Tom and held him firmly, bursting into tears. 简沿着小溪漫无目的地徘徊，感到既困惑又绝望，就在那时汤姆和警察一起冲了出来。简跑向汤姆，紧紧地抱住他，哭了起来。 12．They hugged and kissed with tears rolling/pouring/streaming down their cheeks. 他们拥抱、亲吻，泪水顺着脸颊淌下来。(2016年10月浙江高考读后续写) 13．By and by the wolf reached his neck, and, resting one foot on his body, looked at him closely. 很快，狼靠近他的脖子，一只脚踩在他的身上，仔细地看着他。 14．The owner, feeling sorry for the poor young man, gave him some food, though he knew that he wouldn't get paid for it. 店主很同情这个可怜的年轻人，给了他一些食物，尽管他知道这个年轻人没有钱支付。 15．Looking back, I honestly don't know how she did it. 回想起来，我真的不知道她是怎么做到的。 16．Gently rubbing my back while we both stared at what I believed was the coolest thing ever, she said, “If you save up, you could buy this yourself.” 我们俩都盯着这个我认为有史以来最酷的东西，她轻轻地揉了揉我的背，说：“如果你存钱，你可以自己买。” 17．Now and then we slowly pulled one kite back, watching it dancing up and down in the wind. 我们不时地慢慢地拉回一只风筝，看着它在风中上下翻飞。 一、使用非谓语动词改写下面的句子。 1．His father sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep. ______________________________________________________ 2．He looked at me and bit his lips, as if he was thinking. _________________________________________________ 3．For a few moments I just stood there.I was confused. _______________________________________________ 4．In the evening, the children returned home.They were tired and hungry. ___________________________________________________________ Sitting back in an easy chair, his father fell asleep. He looked at me, biting his lips, as if thinking. For a few moments I just stood there, confused. In the evening, the children returned home, tired and hungry. 5．Jerry was trembling in a blanket and he said, “I'm cold.” ______________________________________________ 6．He was exhausted.He sat down at the side of the road. _______________________________________________ 7．One freezing night, Gabriel returned to his hut.He was exhausted. ___________________________________________________________ 8．When I saw no one noticing us, I put the Christmas present down and left. ___________________________________________________________ Trembling in a blanket，Jerry said, “I'm cold.” Exhausted, he sat down at the side of the road. One freezing night, Gabriel returned to his hut, exhausted. Seeing no one noticing us, I put the Christmas present down and left. 9．They were very frightened.They all jumped back. ______________________________________________________________________________ 10．As I heard what the head teacher said, I was more than glad and my heart beat wildly. __________________________________________________________________________________ They all jumped back, very frightened. /Very frightened, they all jumped back. Hearing what the head teacher said, I was more than glad and my heart beat wildly. 二、翻译下面的句子。 1．他张了张嘴，好像要说什么。 ___________________________________________ 2．他非常有趣，一路上逗得我们笑个不停。 __________________________________________________ 3．我为自己成为众人瞩目的焦点而感到尴尬，于是逃离了房间。 _________________________________________________________ He opened his mouth as if to say something. He was very funny and had us laughing all the way. Embarrassed at being the center of attention, I fled out of the room. 4．从他脸上高兴的表情判断，他这次考试一定及格了。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 5．我太过震惊，呆若木鸡。 __________________________________ 6．听到这个消息，他给了我一个僵硬的笑容。 ______________________________________________ 7．他能感到指尖正在变得麻木。 _____________________________________________________ Judging from his happy look on the face, he must have passed the exam this time. I was so shocked that I went numb. Hearing the news, he showed me a wooden smile. He could feel his fingers growing numb at their tips. 8．这个女孩又跺脚又尖叫，希望她妈妈能满足她的要求。 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9．他走向现场，对发生在这对夫妇身上的事情感到非常难过。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ 10．意识到妈妈工作一天后一定很累了，女孩帮妈妈把包从肩膀上拿了下来。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The little girl stamped and screamed, hoping that her mother could satisfy her demands. Walking towards the scene, he became very upset about/over/at what had happened to the couple. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helped to remove the bag from her shoulder. 二、含独立主格结构的句子 独立主格(Independent Genitive)结构由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)、形容词、副词或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等，常见于书面语。 1．He stood there, book in hand. 他手里拿着书站在那儿。 2．The boy followed the nobleman here, sword in hand. 男孩手里拿着剑，跟着贵族走到这里。 3．He being late again, his teacher was angry. 他再次迟到，老师很生气。 4．The weather (being) hot, we all went swimming. 因为天气热，我们大家都去游泳了。 5．There being no bus, we had to walk home. 因为没有公交车，我们只能步行回家。 6．Dinner (being) ready, the hostess asked her guests to be seated. 饭准备好了，女主人请客人就座。 7．Winter holiday (being) over, all the teachers and students returned to school. 寒假结束了，所有师生回到了学校。 8．The signal given, the train started. 信号发出后，火车开动了。 9．I embraced my father without a word, tears streaming. 我默默拥抱着父亲，泪流满面。 10．The moon appearing, they decided to go on with their journey. 当月亮出现时，他们决定继续他们的行程。 11．All things considered, it is a good plan. 所有事情都考虑进去了，那是一个好计划。 12．She thought of Tom, memories flooding out as she closed her eyes and recalled the kindness of him. 她想起了汤姆，她闭上眼睛，回忆起他对她的恩情，往事涌上心头。 13．My heart pumping wildly and my blood pulsing through my veins, I pulled back the reins, distracted the horse and tried every means to stop the horse but in vain. 我的心疯狂地跳动，我的血液在我的血管里涌动，我拉住缰绳，分散了马的注意力，用尽一切办法想让马停下来，但都是徒劳的。 14．My mother looked at the sitting room, its furniture disordered for a thorough sweeping. 妈妈看着客厅，里面家具凌乱不堪，需要彻底清扫一遍。 一、运用独立主格结构改写下列句子。 1．The policeman sat quietly in the office and his eyes were closed. _________________________________________________________ 2．We hugged Ruth good-bye and her tears were welling up in her eyes. ______________________________________________________ 3．John cried and his blue eyes were shining behind his glasses. _____________________________________________________ 4．They sat in the room with the curtains drawn. _________________________________________ The policeman sat quietly in the office, his eyes closed. We hugged Ruth good-bye, tears welling up in her eyes. John cried, his blue eyes shining behind his glasses. They sat in the room, the curtains drawn. 5．Linda leapt to her feet and her eyes were blazing with anger. _____________________________________________________ 6．The girl's eyes brimmed with tears and she left. ________________________________________ 7．The boy stood there and his face was rigid with anger. _______________________________________________ 8．Bruce clasped his hands behind him and he was too shocked to say a word. ___________________________________________________________ Linda leapt to her feet, her eyes blazing with anger. Eyes brimming with tears, the girl left. The boy stood there, his face rigid with anger. Bruce was too shocked to say a word, his hands clasped behind him. 9．Immediately Jenny finished her speech, a storm of applause erupted from the class. _____________________________________________________________________________ 10．George and I stood there dumbfounded watching him finishing the whole job, and gratitude and admiration rushed in my heart. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jenny having finished her speech, a storm of applause erupted from the class. George and I stood there dumbfounded, watching him finishing the whole job, gratitude and admiration rushing in my heart. 二、运用独立主格结构翻译下列句子。 1．那个人躺在地上，闭着眼睛，双手颤抖着。 The man lay on the ground, ____________________________________. 2．那位女士从商场里走出来，手里拎着两个包。 The lady came out of the mall, _________________. 3．“别担心，我来。”汤姆自告奋勇，一脸坚定。 “Don't worry.I'll take care of it，” Tom volunteered, _______________ ______________. his eyes closed and his hands trembling two bags in hands a determined look on his face 4．“走吧，简，格林夫人肯定已经走了。”汤姆害怕地喊道，他的手紧紧地拉着简。 “Let's go, Jane.Mrs.Green must have left，” Tom cried frightenedly, ________________________________. 5．“我……我不知道。”他结结巴巴地说，他的声音因恐惧而颤抖。 “I...I don't know，” he stammered, ____________________________. 6．“没有出路了！”他深深地叹了口气，眼中的最后一丝光芒也消失了。 “There is no way out！” he sighed deeply, _______________________ _______________. his hands holding Jane's tightly his voice trembling with fear the last gleam of light fading away in his eyes 7．她一动不动地站着，低着头，双手扣在胸前。 She stood still, ______________________________________________. 8．梅根严肃地点点头，强忍着晶莹的泪水。 Meghan nodded seriously, ____________________________________. head bowed, hands clasped in front of her chest eyes glistening with held-back tears 三、含“with的复合结构”的句子 with的复合结构常见的有：with＋宾语＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式，在句中作定语或状语。在句子中的使用可以增加句子分量，提升表达能力，显示出作者深厚的语言表达能力。 1．The lady with a bunch of flowers in her hand is my former colleague. 手里捧着一束花的那位女士是我以前的同事。 2．I chose a lovely diamond necklace with a big blue stone in the center. 我选中了一条美丽的中间镶嵌着一颗很大的蓝宝石的钻石项链。 3．They lived in a house with very tall trees all round. 他们住在一所四周都是高大树木的房子里。 4．With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由机器进行，他们将很快收完庄稼。 5．With the boy leading the way, we soon got to the destination. 有那个男孩带路，我们很快就到达了目的地。 6．With exams approaching, it's a good idea to review your class notes. 随着考试的临近，复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。 7．With time going by, I gradually understand my father's words. 随着时间的流逝，我逐渐明白了父亲的话。 8．The weather was fine with a fresh breeze blowing. 天气很好，微风清拂。 9．I couldn't catch what the announcer said, with all the noises going on. 吵闹声那么大，我听不清播音员在说什么。 10．The ocean looks very beautiful with the moonlight glimmering on its surface. 海洋看起来非常美丽，月光在它的表面闪闪发光。 11．The teacher came into the classroom, with a student following her. 老师走进教室，一个学生跟在她后面。 12．The peach talks ended successfully with an agreement reached. 和平会谈圆满结束，达成了协议。 13．The boy rushed into the room, with his face covered with sweat. 那小孩满脸是汗冲进屋来。 14．With everything considered, his plan is better than yours. 从各方面考虑，他的计划比你的好。 15．With more and more forests damaged, some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out. 越来越多的森林遭到破坏，一些动物和植物正面临灭绝的危险。 16．With half the work still unfinished, she became frantic about the lack of time. 工作还没完成一半，她为时间不够而发狂。 17．With so much homework to do, I can't go shopping together with you. 有这么多作业要做，我不能和你一起去购物。 18．With so many people to help us, we are sure to finish it in time. 有这么多人帮忙，我们一定能按时完成。 19．With so many things to deal with, I have to work late into the night now and then. 有这么多事情要处理，我不得不时不时地工作到深夜。 20．With water plentiful, the lawns were green all summer. 因为水很充足，整个夏天草坪都很绿。 21．On Christmas eve, a poor little girl was wandering in the street, with her feet bare. 圣诞节前夕，一个可怜的小女孩光着脚在街上闲逛。 22．She entered the room from outside, with her nose red with cold. 她从外面走进房间，鼻子冻得通红。 23．With the weather so stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently. 天气这么闷，很快十有八九要下雨。 24．With her father asleep, the daughter walked quietly out of the bedroom. 父亲睡着了，女儿悄悄地走出卧室。 25．200 dollars is payable immediately with the rest payable on delivery. 200美元立即支付，其余货到付款。 26．Michelle had fallen asleep with her head against his shoulder. 米歇尔把头靠在他的肩膀上睡着了。 27．With so many strange faces around her, the baby started to cry. 周围有这么多陌生的面孔，婴儿开始哭了起来。 28．With a smile on her face, she told me that she had passed the exam. 她面带微笑地告诉我她已经通过了考试。 29．The boy stood there, with his head down. 那个男孩站在那儿，耷拉着脑袋。 30．With her sister out, she had to stay at home alone. 她的姐姐出去了，她只得独自待在家里。 31．She used to sit reading in the evening with her pet dog her only companion. 她从前总爱在晚上坐着看书，她的宠物狗便是她唯一的伙伴。 32．She made a final effort to cry for some help.Nevertheless, no one would come to save her.Jane walked along the stream, with fear gradually beating her bravery. 她做了最后的努力，大声呼救。然而，没有人会来救她。简沿着小溪走着，恐惧渐渐地打败了她的勇气。 请用“with的复合结构”翻译下面的句子。 1．她含着泪水与我们道别。 _______________________________________________ 2．她开着灯睡着了。 __________________________________ 3．他头枕着胳膊睡着了。 ________________________________________ 4．钥匙不见了，他只好待在外面。 _____________________________________________ She said good-bye to us with tears in her eyes. She fell asleep with the light on. He was asleep with his head on his arms. With his key missing, he had to stay outside. 5．他独自坐在那里，闭目养神。 ________________________________________ 6．无事可做我只好上床睡觉。 ______________________________________ 7．他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。 ____________________________________ 8．有那么多的课程，没有理由不去参加一些培训。 _________________________________________________________________________________ He sat there alone with his eyes closed. I had to go to bed with nothing to do. He likes to sleep with windows open. With all the courses available, there is no excuse for not getting some training. 9．在老师的帮助下，我们毫不费力地解决了这个问题。 ___________________________________________________________ 10．没有完成我们的职责我们不会离开这里。 ____________________________________________________ 11．有这么多的名胜可参观，游客们看起来很兴奋。 ___________________________________________________________ With the teacher helping us, we had no difficulty solving the problem. We will not leave here with our duty unaccomplished. The visitors looked excited with so many places of interest to visit. 四、含虚拟语气的句子 虚拟语气主要用来表示假设，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至与事实完全相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示，常用来表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等含义，在写作中可以用来表达比较强烈的感情。 1．If he should go away, I should be grieved. 他若离去，我会悲伤。 2．If it should rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the match. 假若明天下雨，我们只好推迟这场比赛。 3．If I were you, I would give the shoemaker a hundred pounds. 如果我是你，我会给鞋匠一百英镑。 4．If she had not quarreled with Tom, they would have enjoyed a great time near the lake. 如果她没有和汤姆吵架，他们在湖边就会玩得很开心。 5．It is high time that we took action. 该是我们采取行动的时候了。 6．He sat there, wishing he had stayed at home then. 他坐在那里，真希望自己当时待在家里。 7．Without/But for your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 如果没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。 8．He turned over the photo album, wishing that he had joined the party last week. 他翻看相册，真希望自己也参加了上周的派对。 9．He suggested that I (should) study hard./It is suggested that I (should) study hard./He gave me a suggestion that I (should) study hard./What he suggested is that I (should) study hard. 他建议我努力学习。 10．I would have gone to my cousin's birthday party last night, but, I was very busy then. 昨晚我本来要去参加我表弟的生日聚会的，但我当时很忙。 11．If only I had not left my mobile phone in Tom's bag. 如果我没有把手机忘在汤姆的包里就好了。 12．“I wish we could help him to earn money，” said Clara.“His family is suffering so much.” “我真希望我们能帮助他赚钱，”克拉拉说，“他们一家人遭受着巨大的痛苦。” 13．They intended that the news (should) be suppressed. 他们打算封锁这条消息。 14．But for the detective's kindness, I would never have learned the childhood lesson of honesty. 如果不是那位侦探的善良，我儿时永远也学不到诚实。 请翻译下面的句子。 1．如果妈妈当时不是很严格，我现在不会成功。 ___________________________________________________________ 2．如果不是妈妈大力鼓励我，我现在不会喜欢弹钢琴。 _________________________________________________________________________ 3．要是你之前告诉我那件事该多好。 _________________________________________________ If Mom hadn't been very strict then, I wouldn't be successful now. If Mom hadn't encouraged me a lot, I wouldn't love playing the piano now. If only you had told me that thing some time ago. 4．他照顾这个孩子就像他是自己的儿子一样。 ________________________________________________________ 5．伊丽莎(Eliza)准确地记得每件事，仿佛它们是昨天发生的。 _________________________________________________________ 6．他命令把它送回去。 _________________________________________ 7．我要求约翰(John)立即到那里去。 _____________________________________________ He looked after the boy/child as if he were his own son. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if they happened yesterday. He ordered that it (should) be sent back. I demand that John (should) go there at once. 8．他当时要是定期服药，这些药也许对他有帮助。 ___________________________________________________________ 9．要不是那场大雨，我们早就到了。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 10．要不是你的建议，我真不知道该怎么办。 ________________________________________________________________________________ The pills might have helped him, if only he had taken them regularly. We would have arrived there much earlier if it had not been for the heavy rain. If it had not been for your advice, I really don't know what I should have done. 11．我们在那个小村庄里迷了路，否则昨天我们会参观更多的名胜古迹。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12．如果没有英语老师的帮助，我不会在这次英语写作比赛中获得第一名。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We lost our way in that small village; otherwise we would have visited more places of interest yesterday. Without/But for the help of my English teacher, I wouldn't have won the first prize in this English writing competition. 五、it充当形式主语和形式宾语的句子 英语中it是一个比较灵活的词，用法多样复杂，尤其是it作为形式主语和形式宾语的用法，如果掌握不好会影响对句意的理解和高级句式的表达。it可以替代三种形式：不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)和从句。it作形式主语置于句首，将真正的主语放在句尾，可以避免句子头重脚轻；it作形式宾语，将真正的宾语放在句尾，可以避免句式结构混乱，使句子结构更紧凑。 1．It suddenly hit/struck/occurred to him that the family inside was in danger. 他突然想到里面那家人有危险。 2．It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即将来临！ 3．It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday. 已经决定会议推迟到下周一召开。 4．So tough did I feel it to live in an English-speaking country that I made up my mind to learn English well. 我感觉到生活在说英语的国家是如此艰难，以至于我下定决心要学好英语。 5．It isn't likely that I should accept such an offer like that. 我不可能接受那样的帮助。 6．It is believed that the history of Chinese calligraphy dates back to at least the Han Dynasty. 人们认为中国书法历史至少可以追溯到汉代。 7．She is hard-working, so it's no surprise/wonder that she has won first prize. 她学习很刻苦，所以她获得一等奖就不足为奇了。 8．We must keep it in mind that success lies in hard work and laziness leads to failure. 我们必须牢记，成功在于努力工作，懒惰导致失败。 9．I would really appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience. 如果你能尽早回复我，我将不胜感激。 10．He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job. 他向公众明确表示，他做了一项重要且必要的工作。 11．They took it for granted that I would be no good at it. 他们想当然地认为我不擅长做这件事。 12．I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job. 我觉得从大学退学，找一份工作，是我的责任。 13．It was such fun to stick your fingers through one of the holes of the boxes and let the baby birds peck on your fingers. 把你的手指伸进盒子的一个洞里，让小鸟啄你的手指，这多么有趣。 14．The bottom line：It's your choice how you live your life. 底线是：如何生活是你的选择。 15．It's amazing that there are more than 8,000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s. 那里有8 000多座雕像，直到20世纪70年代才为人所知，这真是非常神奇。 运用it充当形式主语或形式宾语翻译下列句子。 1．我们必须牢记理论应该联系实践。(keep it in mind that...) ___________________________________________________________ 2．人们相信健康比财富更重要。(It is believed that...) ___________________________________________ 3．她突然想到乔(Joe)害怕独自一个人待着。(It hits/strikes/occurs to sb.that...) ___________________________________________________________ We must keep it in mind that theory should be combined with practice. It is believed that health is above wealth. It suddenly hit/struck/occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alone. 4．我发现跟那些缺乏幽默感的人聊天很无聊。(sb.find it＋adj.＋to do sth.) ___________________________________________________________ 5．你今晚方便和我网上聊天吗？(It is convenient for sb.to do sth.) ___________________________________________________________ 6．让我们感到心烦的是他总是说谎。(It upsets sb.that...) _____________________________________ I find it quite boring to chat with those who lack a sense of humor. Will it be convenient for you to chat with me on the Internet tonight？ It upsets us that he is always lying. 7．谁来负责这个项目还没有决定。(It is not decided...) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8．事实是每个人都会有事情似乎不顺利的一段时期。(It is true that...) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ It is not decided who will take charge of the program. /It has not been decided who will take charge of the program. It is true that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong. 9．他的工作回报丰厚，但他得到的报酬却很少，这是不公平的。(It is unfair that...) ___________________________________________________________ 10．不用说，亡羊补牢为时未晚。(It goes without saying that...) _________________________________________________________ It is unfair that he gets very little reward for his rewarding work. It goes without saying that it is never too late to mend. 六、强调句型 强调是人们表达强烈的意愿或情感时使用的一种方法。英语表示强调的方法有很多，比如在口语中可以用重读来强调，在书面语中可以使用有强调意义的词语来强调，也可以通过将被强调部分置于句首的方式来强调，还可以使用专门的强调句式来强调。 1．He does know the place well. 他的确很熟悉这个地方。 2．She did tell me her address, but I forgot all about it. 她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我全忘了。 3．Where on earth/in the world could he be? 他到底会在哪儿？ 4．That's the very suitcase we searched for last week. 那正是我们上周在寻找的手提箱。 5．Not a single person was in the office yesterday. 昨天办公室里一个人都没有。 6．Tom is always riding his bicycle to school. 汤姆总是骑自行车去学校。 7．It is that he often breaks the school rules that makes his head teacher unsatisfied with him. 他经常违反校规这件事情使他的班主任对他不满意。 8．It was in the factory where he worked that I got to know him. 正是在他工作的那家工厂里我认识了他。 9．It was not until near the end of the letter that Mary mentioned her own plan. 直到信快写完时，玛丽才提到她自己的计划。 10．It was not until then that I came to realize that we should always be honest./It was not until then that I came to the realization that we should always be honest. 直到那时我才意识到我们应该永远诚实。 11．It was just after one of those long silences that my life as an outsider changed. 就在那段漫长的沉默之后，我作为局外人的生活发生了改变。 12．I can no longer remember which boy it was that summer evening who broke the silence with a question. 我不记得到底是哪个男孩在那个夏夜用一个问题打破了沉默。 使用强调句翻译下面的句子。 1．正是在当地导游的帮助下，游客们得救了。 ___________________________________________________________ 2．直到那时我才突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 3．是约翰(John)打破的窗户，你为什么说我啊？就好像是我做的一样。 ________________________________________________________________________________ It was with the help of the local guide that the tourists were rescued. It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier than I was. It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I had done it？ 4．我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 5．这是我这一年半以来第一次目睹彩虹。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 6．一些学生总是犯同样的错误。 ______________________________________________________ 7．最终我们收到了期待已久的信。 _____________________________________________________ I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have. It was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen a rainbow face to face. Some students are constantly making the same mistakes. At last we got the letter we had long been expecting. 8．那些甘于奉献而不求索取的人值得尊敬。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9．重要的是工作能力，而不是你来自哪里或你是谁。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting/to be respected. It is the ability to do the job that matters, not where you come from or what you are. 七、倒装句型 使用倒装句可以丰富我们的语言表达，让句式更加多样。因此，写作中适当用一些倒装句式会使文章的表达更生动、有力，让阅卷老师眼前一亮。 1．May you recover soon! 祝你早日康复！ 2．Buried in the books was the little girl. 这个小女孩埋头于书本中。 3．Standing at the teacher's desk is our English teacher. 我们的英语老师站在讲台边。 4．Gone are the days when the farmers were looked down on. 农民受歧视的日子一去不复返了。 5．Present at the party were Mr.Green and many other guests. 出席晚会的有格林先生，还有许多其他的宾客。 6．At the sight of the policeman, out rushed the boy from the back door. 一看到警察，那个男孩一下子从后门冲了出来。 7．So nervous was I that my mind went blank. 我太紧张了，脑子一片空白。 8．So excited was he that he couldn't go to sleep. 他太兴奋了，以至于无法入睡。 9．Such great progress did he make that he was praised. 他取得了如此大的进步，受到了表扬。 10．Had I had time, I would have gone over to see her. 当时要是有时间，我就去看她了。 11．Hardly had I got on the bus when it started off. 我一上车，车就开动了。 12．No sooner had he seen me than he began to cry. 他一见到我就哭了。 13．Little did I know that this posed such a great threat to the adventure. 我一点也不知道这对此次冒险造成了如此大的威胁。 14．Not only did we lose all our money, but we also lost our way/but also we lost our way. 我们不仅丢了所有的钱，还迷了路。 15．Only when you find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others. 只有当你找到内心的平静时，你才能跟别人保持良好的关系。 16．Look！Here comes the helicopter. 瞧！直升机来了！ 17．Weak as she was, she struggled to her feet, continuing searching for assistance. 尽管身体虚弱，但她仍挣扎着站起来，继续寻求帮助。 18．Never in her life had she tasted anything better. 她一生中从未尝过比这美味的东西。 19．Never had Jane missed Tom so much.Even a quarrel would be sweet now. 简从来没有这么想念过汤姆。现在即使是争吵也会是甜蜜的。 20．So tightly did he draw the wolf's neck against his shoulders that the animal could scarcely breathe and tried in vain to use its teeth. 他把狼的脖子紧紧地拽向自己的肩膀，使它几乎喘不过气来，让它的牙齿也无法派上用场。 21．Higher and higher up he climbed until he found himself near a window of an old castle. 他越爬越高，直到发现自己爬到一座古堡的窗户旁。 22．Busy as he was, he kept his word. 尽管他很忙，他还是说到做到。 运用倒装句型翻译下列句子。 1．在任何情况下你都不应该气馁。 _____________________________________ 2．只有努力工作，你才能达到你的目标。 _________________________________________________ 3．我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的情形。 ___________________________________________________ In no case should you be discouraged. Only by working hard can you meet/achieve/reach your goal. Never will I forget meeting you for the first time. 4．他很少拒绝帮助别人。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．如果我是一个男孩，我会更调皮。 ______________________________________ 6．如果我将来成为经理，我将雇用技术熟练的工人。 __________________________________________________________ Seldom does he refuse to help others, if ever. /Seldom does he refuse to give others a hand, if ever. Were I a boy, I would be more naughty. Should I become a manager in the future, I would hire skilled workers. 7．如果他昨晚不去参加晚会，他就不会晚到家了。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 8．教授警告学生们在他的课上绝不可以使用手机。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9．只有当我离开父母去意大利之后，我才意识到我是多么爱他们。 __________________________________________________________________________ Had he not gone to the party last night, he would not have arrived home late. The professor warned the students that on no account/in no case/by no means/in no way/at no time should they use mobile phones in his class. Only when I left my parents for Italy did I realize how much I loved them. 10．母亲们不仅得不到报酬，而且她们所做的大部分乏味费力的工作也很少被注意到。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Not only are mothers not paid but also most of their boring and difficult work is unnoticed. 八、感叹句型 感叹句是用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈情感的句子。感叹句除了可以由how和what引导外，还有许多其他形式，可以是陈述句、疑问句、祈使句。有时甚至一个单词或一个短语也可以构成一个感叹句。 1．what引导的感叹句。 What a coincidence！多巧啊！ What exciting news you've brought us! 你给我们带来了多么令人兴奋的消息啊！ 2．how引导的感叹句。 How time flies！时光飞逝！ How wonderful the experience is！多么美妙的经历啊！ How clever the boy he is！/What a clever boy he is！多聪明的男孩呀！ 3．不定式短语单独使用，常表示惊异、气愤、祝愿等。 To think of my leaving the umbrella in the train！真没想到我把伞落在火车上了！ To sell such a cheap suit as that to a millionaire！竟然把那样一套便宜的衣服卖给一位百万富翁！ 4．so和such引起的感叹句。 The little boy is so clever！这个小男孩真聪明！ It was such terrible writing！写得真糟糕！ 5．that引起的感叹句，表示愿望、遗憾等。 That it should ever come to this！事情竟会发展到这种地步！ 6．if或if only引起的感叹句。 If only I knew！要是我知道该多好！ 7．who引起的感叹句，表示惊奇等。 Who else could have done it！还有谁会做这件事！ 8．短语感叹句。 At last! At last！终于盼到了！ The grass and the rising sun！多么青葱的草地，多么明媚的晨光！ 9．疑问感叹句。 Hasn't she grown！她长这么大了！ Am I silly！我真傻！ 运用感叹句型翻译下面的句子。 1．你真幸运！ __________________ 2．看，男孩们正在操场上玩耍。多么温馨的场景啊！ Look! The boys are playing on the playground. _____________________ 3．你公寓里的家具真漂亮！我非常羡慕。 ______________________________________________ I am green with envy. How lucky you are! What a warm scene it is! What beautiful furniture you have got in your apartment! 4．我曾一度迷恋网络游戏，现在真是后悔！ There was a time when I was addicted to playing computer games. ____________________ 5．我多希望一收到你的电子邮件就阅读和回复啊！ __________________________________________ as soon as I received it! 6．要是我能早点见到你那该多好！ ____________________________________________ How I regret it now! How I wish I had read and replied to your email If only I were able to see/meet you earlier! 7．要是我的手表没有丢该多好！ ________________________________ 8．谁能想得到啊！ _____________________________ 9．三十年了！多么长的时间呀！ _______________________________ 10．真没想到我再也见不到她了！ __________________________________________ If only I haven't lost my watch! Who would have thought of it! Thirty years! Such a long time! To think that I shall never see her again! 九、无灵主语句 在读后续写的训练中，故事情节的推进离不开对人物情感变化的描写，以此来反映文章的主题。故事中人物的行为、举止常被情感掌控，受其制约。我们发现，无灵主语句可以将抽象的情感形象化。无灵主语句往往以物品、动作、情感、时间、地点等名词充当主语，以“有灵动词”(通常是人做出的动作，如see, find, bring, give, escape, witness, seize, deny等)充当谓语动词，即“无灵主语＋有灵谓语”。如： 1．物质名词作主语 His face clouded over when he heard the news.听了这个消息，他满脸愁云。 The window overlooked a park with a lovely lake.从窗户俯瞰，可以看见一个公园，公园里有一个美丽的湖。 Grand old trees graced the landscape.雄伟的古树为这片风景增添了几分优雅。 The thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps.厚地毯使我的脚步声听不见了。 However, the car had left the wolf far behind, which made him sigh with relief.然而，汽车把狼远远地甩在后面，这使他松了一口气。 On the way home, night breeze made him at ease.回家的路上，晚风使他心旷神怡。 The real world does not look that way！现实世界不是这样的！ 2．抽象名词作主语 The terrible scene filled her with fear.恐怖的场景使她十分害怕。 The experience will take root in my mind.我会永远记住这次经历。 His name escaped/failed me./His name slipped my mind./His name didn't take root in my mind./His name didn't register in my mind.我想不起他的名字了。 I was so excited and words slipped out of my mouth.我太激动了，话从我嘴里脱口而出。 The sight of the video filled me with encouragement.看到这段录像，我备受鼓励。 The thought of your departure for home pains us.想到你们即将回家，我们很难过。 Unexpectedly, an alien thought entered his head.出乎意料的是，一个陌生的想法进入了他的脑海。 Unburdening herself of her anger gave her a sense of relief.释放了怒火后，她感到如释重负。 These words like a ray of sunshine warmed his heart.这些话像一缕阳光温暖了他的心。 Soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.用正常的声音说出柔和的话语，可以在怒火失控之前将其扑灭。 3．喜悦、兴奋作主语 Joy shone from his brow.他喜上眉梢。 Happiness radiates from her face.她容光焕发。 Excitement deprived me of all power of speech.我激动得什么话都说不出来。 Happiness crawls up to the tips of his brows.他喜上眉梢。 Overwhelming joy filled my heart as I watched my daughter take her first steps.我看着初学走路的女儿，心中充满了无比的喜悦。 A feeling of excitement and anticipation bubbled up inside me as I boarded the plane to Europe.当我登上飞往欧洲的飞机时，兴奋和期待涌上心头。 Pure joy was written all over his face when he opened the present from his grandparents.当他打开祖父母送给他的礼物时，脸上洋溢着纯粹的喜悦。 The joy of seeing her childhood friend after many years brought tears to her eyes.与多年未见的童年好友重逢让她高兴得热泪盈眶。 Excitement buzzed through the stadium as the final match of the championship drew near.随着锦标赛决赛的临近，兴奋的气氛弥漫着整个体育场。 The joy in her voice was evident as she shared the good news with her friends and family.当她和朋友、家人分享这个好消息时，很明显，她的声音中透露着喜悦。 The joy of accomplishment shone brightly in his eyes as he received his well-deserved award.当他获得他应得的奖品时，取得成就带来的喜悦在他的眼中闪耀。 4．愤怒作主语 Anger choked my words.我气得说不出话。 Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually.愤怒和痛苦不断地折磨着我。 Anger and bitterness covered upon me for weeks.我好几周都沉浸在愤怒和痛苦中。 Overwhelming anger and disappointment filled his heart.无法控制的愤怒和失望充满了他的心头。 Blinding anger and frustration made it impossible for him to think straight.盲目的愤怒和沮丧使他无法正常思考。 Her anger made the whole room feel tense and uneasy.她的怒气让整个房间都充满了紧张和不安。 His frustration and anger at the unfair treatment finally reached a boiling point, leading him to speak out against the injustice.他对不公正待遇的愤怒终于达到了临界点，促使他公开发声抗议。 Her frustration and anger grew as she encountered one obstacle after another while trying to complete the project.她在完成项目的过程中遇到了一个又一个的障碍，愤怒和沮丧不断加深。 5．恐惧作主语 Fear gripped her heart.她心中充满恐惧。 A slight feeling of fear slowly crept on him.他慢慢地感到一丝恐惧。 Fear swallowed her.她非常惊恐。 A feeling of panic seized her.她突然惊慌失措。 Panic surged up within him.他惶恐不安。 A wave of panic swept over her.一阵惊恐袭上她的心头。 Fear rooted her to the ground.恐惧使她站在地上一动不动。 6．担心、焦虑作主语 Anxiety kept her up all night, tossing and turning in bed.焦虑使她整晚辗转反侧，难以入眠。 Anxiety tore her into pieces.她焦虑不安，身心憔悴。/她焦虑万分，肝肠寸断。 Worry crept in as the deadline for the project approached.随着项目截止日期的临近，担忧悄然而至。 The worry about her daughter's career often consumes her thoughts.对女儿事业的担忧经常占据她的思绪。 Worries about the future weighed heavily on his mind.对未来的担忧让他不堪重负。 The constant unease about his health keeps him up at night.对健康的持续不安让他夜不能寐。 7．正面情绪作主语 Courage deserted him.他没有了勇气。 Encouragement seized me after I attended his inspiring speech.听了他振奋人心的演讲后，我备受鼓舞。 A wave of satisfaction and pride surged up inside Mrs.Meredith as John explained his idea.当约翰解释他的想法时，梅雷迪思太太心中涌起了一股满足感和自豪感。 After Bernard learned about John's idea, gratitude obviously got the better of this poor boy, and moistened his eyes.伯纳德得知约翰的想法后，非常感动，他的眼睛湿润了。 His curiosity drove him into the cave.他的好奇心驱使着他进了那个洞穴。 8．负面情绪作主语 Grief bears heavily on her.她承受着巨大的悲伤。 Self doubt began to gnaw away at her confidence.自我怀疑正在蚕食她的自信心。 The loneliness and grief came in waves.阵阵孤独与痛苦的感觉袭上心头。 Despair seized him at the thought of his failure in the exam.想到考试的失败，他万念俱灰。 Disappointment took possession of me due to the failure of my exam.考试失败让我很失望。 Jealousy seized her.她妒火中烧。 But as the days passed and he missed seeing more sights, his envy eroded into resentment and soon turned him sour.但随着日子一天天过去，他错过了越来越多的风景，他的羡慕转化成了怨恨，很快他变得郁郁寡欢。 A cold feeling crept over his heart and made him shiver.一种冰冷的感觉涌上他的心头，使他发抖。 9．时间作主语 A five-minute walk brought us to the bus station.走了5分钟我们到达了汽车站。 Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary hiking, which excited the nerves of each one of us.上周日，我们进行了一次非同寻常的徒步旅行，我们每个人都兴奋不已。 Thus, the gathering dusk often finds me hastening home in a hurrying crowd.Whether it rains or snows, windy or foggy, it is the longing for home that quickens my steps.因此，暮色渐浓时，我常随着行色匆匆的人群匆匆往家赶。无论下雨还是下雪，刮风还是起雾，是对家的思念使我加快了脚步。 一、根据括号内所给动词的提示，运用无灵主语句完成下列句子。 1．He was so nervous.他很紧张。(wash) _________________________________ him. 2．He was excited.他很兴奋。(seize) _________________ him. 3．He forgot my name.他忘了我的名字。 ①____________________ him.(escape/fail) ②_______________ his mind.(slip) ③_________________________________ his mind.(register in/take root in) A wave of nervousness washed over Excitement seized My name escaped/failed My name slipped My name didn't register in/take root in 4．He suddenly came up with a terrible thought.他突然产生一个可怕的想法。(hit/strike/occur to) _________________________________________ him. 5．An earthquake happened in the night, without warning.地震发生在夜里，毫无征兆。(come like a thief) _____________________________________,without warning. 6．It was because of the rain that the tourists couldn't enjoy the full moon.因为下雨，游客无法欣赏到满月。(prevent...from...) The rain ______________________________________________. A terrible thought suddenly hit/struck/occurred to An earthquake came like a thief in the night prevented tourists from enjoying the full moon 7．The following year his mother passed away.第二年他的妈妈去世了。(see/witness) _____________________________________________ his mother. 8．She was too desperate to speak.她绝望得说不出话来。(choke) ______________ her words. 9．He was greatly relieved.他深感宽慰。(flood over) ____________________________________ him. 10．She wore a bright smile on her face when I gave her the present.我给她礼物时，她的脸上焕发出了光彩。(bright/light up) __________________________________ when I gave her the present. The following year saw/witnessed the death of Despair choked A great sense of relief flooded over A smile brightened/lit up her face 11．Overseas Chinese always pay close attention to their motherland.海外华人时刻关注祖国。(draw) __________________________________ overseas Chinese. 12．At the sight of the scene, I was filled with excitement.看到这个情景，我十分兴奋。(fill) _____________________________ me with excitement. Motherland is drawing the heart of The sight of the scene filled 二、运用无灵主语句改写下列句子。 1．In the past four years, our production has increased. ___________________________________________________________ 2．At dusk, he was crying in the street. ____________________________________ 3．At dawn, the little boy was still working. ______________________________________ 4．She changed greatly after ten years of hard work. ___________________________________________ The past four years have witnessed an increase in production. Dusk found him crying in the street. Dawn saw the little boy still working. Ten years of hard work changed her greatly. 5．Many great historic events happened in the city. __________________________________________________ 6．They whispered in the classroom. ___________________________________ 7．They spend less time with their parents because of school reforms. ____________________________________________________ 8．People with good habits are efficient while those with bad habits are inefficient (效率低的)． _______________________________________________________ The city had witnessed many great historic events. Whispers went around the classroom. School reforms lead to less time spent with parents. Good habits lead to efficiency while bad ones bring the opposite. 9．If you compare the two methods carefully, you will find the difference. __________________________________________________________ 10．Different people have different opinions. ________________________________________________________________________ Careful comparison of the two methods will show you the difference. Views differ from person to person. /Opinions vary greatly among people. 十、定语从句 定语从句在复合句中起定语作用，修饰主句中的名词或代词。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句一般在先行词之后。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词指代先行词并在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。定语从句的正确使用可以使句子变得更高级，这就容易得到高分。 1．The man who told me this refused to tell me his name. 告诉我这事的人不肯告诉我他的名字。 2．The discussion was on the election which had taken place the day before. 讨论的内容全是有关前一天选举的事。 3．The woman whose umbrella you took is very angry about it. 你拿了那个女人的伞，她非常生气。 4．I read a story in the paper which/that might interest you. 我在报上看到一篇可能使你感兴趣的故事。 5．He's written a book, the name of which/whose name I've forgotten. 他写了一本书，书名我忘了。 6．Wednesday is the day when the shops are not open in the afternoon. 星期三下午商店不开门。 7．Give me one reason why we should help you. 给我一个我们应当帮助你的理由。 8．Today, we'll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。 9．The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk correctly and safely. 治疗将会持续到病人可以正常且安全地行走为止。 10．If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it. 你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种你可能会失去它的危险境地。 11．The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们寻找的文件已经找到了。 12．I wanted to find someone with whom I could discuss books and music. 我想找到一个可以和我谈论书和音乐的人。 13．He referred me to some reference books with which I am not very familiar. 他要我去查阅一些我不太熟悉的参考书。 14．This is our classroom, in the front of which there is a teacher's desk. 这是我们的教室，前面有老师的讲台。 15．On the blackboard the teacher wrote a sentence, the meaning of which I don't understand. 老师在黑板上写了一个句子，句子的意思我不明白。 16．The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 多数公共汽车已经载满了人，周围是一群愤怒的群众。 17．Her sons, both of whom work abroad, rang her up this morning. 她的两个儿子都在国外工作，今天早上给她来了电话。(注意搭配both of whom) 18．Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses. 水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。 19．We'll put off the picnic until next week, when the weather may be better. 我们将把野餐推迟到下星期，那时天气可能会好一点。 20．She received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise. 她收到了老板的邀请，这是她意想不到的。 21．They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。 22．I live a long way from work, as/which you know. 我住的地方离工作单位很远，这你是知道的。 23．As is well known, more people may catch a cold in wet weather. 众所周知，大多数人可能在雨天感冒。 24．He smokes as expensive a cigarette as he can afford. 他抽的烟是他承受范围内最贵的。 25．You must show my wife the same respect as you show me. 你必须像尊重我一样尊重我妻子。 请将下面各题中的两个单句合成一个带定语从句的句子。 1．I cherish the moment.We had a great time together at that moment. ___________________________________________________________ 2．I happened to meet our professor.She was reading a book in the library. ___________________________________________________________ 3．Mary was absent from the class.She wants to explain the reason. ___________________________________________________________ I cherish the moment when/at which we had a great time together. I happened to meet our professor who was reading a book in the library. Mary wants to explain the reason why she was absent from the class. 4．The movie enjoyed great popularity.We saw it last night. __________________________________________________________ 5．Olivia has a great talent for language.Her mother is a foreign language teacher. ____________________________________________________________________________________ The movie (that/which) we saw last night enjoyed great popularity. Olivia, whose mother is a foreign language teacher, has a great talent for language. 十一、状语从句 在英语书面表达中，状语从句的正确使用很重要。一般来说，状语从句指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按其意义可分为条件状语从句、时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句等。状语从句在书面表达中准确的使用，既可提高句子结构的复杂度又能准确表达写作的要点，同时也就提高了文章的档次，使写作变得丰富多彩。 1．时间状语从句 It will be a long time before we finish this dictionary.我们需要很长的时间才能把这部词典编译完。 We were whisked off in a taxi before we knew where we were.我们还没明白是在哪里，就被计程车载走了。 She's been playing tennis since she was eight.她从8岁起就打网球了。 I have wanted to visit Disney World since I was a child.自孩提时代起我就想去看看迪斯尼乐园。 Look both ways before you cross the road.过马路之前要向两边看看。 He has a habit of humming while he works.他工作时有哼歌曲的习惯。 I loved you the instant (that) I saw you.我对你一见钟情。 I knew something was wrong immediately I arrived.我一到就知道出事了。 Directly I walked into the house, I smelt smoky.我一进屋，就闻到了烟味。 Next time you come, please bring your composition.下次来，请带你的作文来。 He was much better the last time I saw him.我上次见他时他好多了。 By the time he was taken to the hospital, he was nearly dead.他被送到医院时已经快不行了。 2．地点状语从句 Hide it where curious eyes won't see it.把它藏在好事者看不见的地方。 They waved to us to stay where we were.他们向我们挥手，要我们待在原地。 Wherever I am, I will be thinking of you.我不论在哪儿，都会想你的。 Everywhere Jenny goes, she's mistaken for Princess Diana.无论詹妮走到什么地方，她都会被误认为是戴安娜公主。 3．条件状语从句 If you remember anything at all, please let us know.你要是想起什么来，就告诉我们。 I sleep with the window open unless it's really cold.我总是开着窗户睡觉，除非天气非常冷才关上窗户。 As long as you've paid in advance, we won't charge you for delivery.只要你预先付款，我们就不收你送货费。 In case I'm late, start without me.万一我迟到，就别等我了。 In case I forget, please remind me about it.万一我忘记，请提醒我一下。 He may go with us provided/providing he arrives in time.他若及时到，就可以和我们一起走。 Supposing he does not come, shall we go without him？他若不来，是不是不等他了？ 4．目的状语从句 She burned the letters so that her husband would never read them.她把信都烧了，这样一来她丈夫就绝对看不见了。 She repeated the instructions slowly in order that he should understand them.她把那些说明慢慢重复了一遍好让他听明白。 I always keep a bottle of wine in case friends call round.我平时总存着一瓶酒以备朋友来时喝。 He's working hard for fear (that) he should fail.他在努力工作唯恐会失败。 5．结果状语从句 I am so busy that I have no time to write a letter.我很忙，连写信的时间都没有。 Write out this word ten times, so that you learn how to spell it.把这个单词抄写10遍你就能记住怎么拼写了。 6．原因状语从句 I went to bed early as I was exhausted.我睡得早，因为筋疲力尽了。 The bus company provided extra buses because there were so many people.因为人太多，公共汽车公司派出了加班车。 Since he had no time to read the book in detail, he just skimmed it.由于没有时间细读那本书，所以他只把它浏览了一遍。 Now that she has apologized, I am content.既然她已经道了歉，我也就满意了。 Seeing (that) she's lawfully old enough to get married, I don't know how we could stop her.既然她已到了法定结婚的年龄，我不知道我们能怎样阻止她。 It is still in excellent condition considering that it was built 600 years ago.考虑到它是600年前修建的，应当说它仍处于极好的状态。 7．让步状语从句 Although she didn't say anything, I sensed that she didn't like the idea.她虽然什么也没说，但我意识到她不喜欢这个主意。 Though she'd lost her job, she saved face by saying she'd left it willingly.她失去了工作，为了保全面子，却说是自愿离职。 Even if you saw him pick up the money, you can't be sure he stole it.就算你看见是他拾起的钱，你也不能肯定就是他偷了钱。 While I understand what you said, I can't agree with you.虽然我理解你所说的，但我还是不同意。 Whatever you suggest, she will always go her own way.无论你怎样劝说，她总是我行我素。 Whoever wants to speak to me on the phone, tell them I'm busy.不管谁打电话给我，告诉他们我很忙。 She leaves her bedroom window open, however cold it is.无论天气多么冷，她都开着卧室的窗户。 8．方式状语从句 You must do as your parents tell you.你必须按你父母说的去做。 When in Rome, do as the Romans do.当你在罗马时，就要按照罗马人的做事方式去做。(入乡随俗。) I was never allowed to do things the way I wanted to do them.他们从不让我按自己的意愿行事。 He talks as if there's nothing left in life for him to do.他说起话来似乎此生已无事可做了。 一、用适当的连词填空。 1．______ there is unity, there is strength. 2．It looks ______ the weather may pick up soon. 3．___________ the wind blows, the wind chime dances. 4．We don't have any dessert tonight ______ you ate chocolate this morning. 5．___ I were you, I wouldn't worry about it. Where as if Every time since If 6．___ time went by, the days became shorter and shorter. 7．The book was so boring ____ I gave up reading it half way through. 8．I stayed all day at home _______ you called. 9．Anna is happier ____ ever before. 10．________________________________ learning is painful, the result is wonderful. As that in case than Even though/Although/Though/Even if 二、请将下面两个单句合成一个带状语从句的句子。 1．Jim was angry.He almost lost his mind. ______________________________________________ 2．She left.I could say anything. _____________________________________ 3．She spoke very slowly.We could follow her. ___________________________________________________________ 4．He speaks English well.You speak English well, too. ____________________________________ 5．I will write to you.I arrive in Paris. ___________________________________________________________ Jim was so angry that he almost lost his mind. She left before I could say anything. She spoke very slowly in order that/so that we could follow her. He speaks English as well as you do. I will write to you the moment/the minute/when I arrive in Paris. 三、翻译下列句子。 1．如果我是你，我会先完成作业。 _________________________________________________ 2．如果妈妈在这里，她就能解决这个问题。 __________________________________________________ 3．如果我有一只小狗，我会好好照顾它的。 ________________________________________________________ 4．老师爱我们，就像我们是他自己的孩子似的。 ____________________________________________________ 5．如果我中彩票 (lottery)了，我会买一个大房子。 ______________________________________________ If I were you, I would finish the homework first. If Mom were here, she could have solved the issue. If I were to get a puppy, I would take great care of it. The teacher loves us as if we were his own children. If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house. 十二、名词性从句 名词性从句的功能相当于名词，在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。因此，名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。在书面表达中运用名词性从句，可以使句子结构更复杂，意义表达更丰富。名词性从句的使用能使学生的书面表达更有文采，是提高作文分数切实有效的手段之一。 1．宾语从句 It all depends on whether they will come back.这完全取决于他们是否会回来。 I have read up to where the children discovered the secret cave.我已经读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴那个地方了。 He promised to give a great reward to whoever found the watch.他承诺给找到这块表的人一大笔酬金。 The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.令人震惊的消息使我意识到，我们会面对哪些可怕的问题。 I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.我深信预防大于治疗。 Think about what you want in the coming year, and then ask yourself why you want that.想想你未来一年想要什么，然后问问自己为什么想要。 But if he's out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses.但如果他每天都在球场上努力打球，无论他的球队是输是赢，你都应该称赞他的努力。 2．表语从句 The park is where they separated.公园是他们分手的地方。 The question is whether we can make a good preparation in such a short time.问题是我们是否可以在如此短的时间内做好准备。 3．主语从句＋表语从句 What I did know was that he was very thankful for the opportunity given to him.我所知道的是，他非常感谢给他这个机会。 Whatever David says sounds right to Helen.That's why she has made up her mind to leave the matter to him.对海伦来说，无论戴维说什么都是对的。这就是她决定让他处理这件事的理由。 4．同位语从句 The decision when we should get started hasn't been made.我们还没决定应该什么时候出发。 I haven't decided on the question how I will deal with.我还没有决定我将如何处理这个问题。 His trembling hands and blank stare confirmed her earlier perception that he was extremely ill at ease.他颤抖的双手和茫然的眼神证实了她早先的判断：他极不自在。 The book became a constant reminder that we should always stick to honesty.这本书不断提醒我们应该坚持诚实。 运用名词性从句翻译下列句子。 1．我想知道你是否能告诉我更多有关活动的信息。(I wonder whether/if...) _________________________________________________________ 2．我深信人人都有获得成功的潜力。(I'm completely convinced that...) _____________________________________________________________________________ I'm wondering whether/if you could tell me more about this activity. I am completely convinced that everyone has the potential to achieve success. 3．顺便说一下，我确实希望你能帮助我提高英语写作能力。(I do hope that...) ______________________________________________________________________________ 4．我们都相信他会过来帮助我们。(We share the same belief that...) __________________________________________________________ 5．你不能再多待一会儿，真是遗憾。(It is a pity that...) _______________________________________ By the way, I do hope that you can help me improve my English writing ability. We share the same belief that he is to come to give us a hand. It's a pity that you can't stay longer. 6．作为社会中的一员，我知道责任感是让社会更美好所需要的东西。(I'm aware that...) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7．令我印象最深的是他遇到挑战和困难时的勇气与冷静。(What impresses sb.most is...) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8．我从帖子上了解到你想要提高普通话水平。(I've learned from...that...) __________________________________________________________ As a member of society, I'm aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society. What impresses me most is his courage and calmness when he meets challenges and difficulties. I've learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin. 9．有消息说，新任市长很快将要来我们学校。(Word came that...) ___________________________________________________________ 10．不可否认，成功的关键在于健康的身心。(There is no denying the fact that.../No one can deny the fact that...) __________________________________________________________________________________________ Word came that the new mayor would come to our school soon. There is no denying/No one can deny the fact that success lies in a healthy body and mind. 谢谢观看 Thank you for watching $$