12 第四章 第一节 普通词和高级词（课件PPT）-【启航英语】2025版高考英语读后续写高分策略(读思写)

第四章 读后续写提分升档攻略 启航 英语 第一节　普通词和高级词 读后续写的评分原则中要求“所使用的语法结构和词汇丰富、准确”。因此，恰当地使用一些高级词汇和表达，为续写内容增加闪光点，对于提高续写的得分档次至关重要。但值得注意的是，高级词汇并不是指一些“大词、偏词、难词”，词汇的选择还应符合特定的语境要求，且与所给短文的用词难度相匹配。 一、动词类/名词类/形容词类/副词类 (一)动词类(前者为普通词汇，后者为高级词汇) ☆can/be able to/be capable of能，会 She is a talented athlete who is capable of breaking records. 她是一位有天赋的运动员，能够打破记录。 ☆master/have a good command of掌握 He has a good command of English, enabling him to communicate fluently with international clients. 他精通英语，这使他能够与国际客户流利地交流。 ☆encourage/inspire/motivate 鼓励 The breathtaking view from the mountaintop inspired me to pursue my dreams with unwavering determination. 从山顶俯瞰，令人惊叹的景色激励我以坚定的决心追求我的梦想。 The coach's speech ignited a fire within the team, motivating them to give their best on the field. 教练的演讲激起了团队的热情，激励他们在场上尽力而为。 ☆help/assist/facilitate帮助 The teacher assisted the students in conducting their science experiments. 老师协助学生进行科学实验。 The new software facilitates data analysis and improves efficiency. 这款新软件便于数据分析，提高效率。 ☆complete/accomplish/achieve完成 She accomplished her goal of running a marathon within a year. 她实现了一年内参加马拉松的目标。 They worked hard to achieve success in their chosen fields. 他们努力在自己选择的领域取得成功。 ☆eat/consume吃 She consumes a balanced diet to maintain good health. 她摄入均衡的饮食以保持健康。 ☆cause/give rise to/trigger 导致 The heavy rain gave rise to flooding in the city, causing damage to buildings and roads. 大雨引发了城市的洪水，导致建筑物和道路受损。 The loud noise from the fireworks triggered a fear response in the dog, causing it to hide under the bed. 烟花的巨大噪音触发了狗的恐惧反应，导致它躲到了床下。 (二)名词类(前者为普通词汇，后者为高级词汇) ☆duty/responsibility 责任，义务 It is his responsibility to ensure that all students have access to a safe learning environment. 确保所有学生能够获得安全的学习环境是他的责任。 ☆challenge/adversity挑战，逆境 He overcame various adversities and ultimately succeeded in reaching his goals. 他克服了各种逆境，最终实现了目标。 ☆problem/issue 问题 They held a meeting to address the issue of bullying in the school. 他们召开了一次会议，以解决学校中存在的欺凌问题。 ☆task/assignment 任务，作业 The teacher gave them a challenging assignment to test their knowledge. 老师给他们布置了一项具有挑战性的作业来测试他们的知识。 ☆progress/advancement 进步 Her hard work and dedication led to career advancement within the company. 她的努力和奉献使得她在公司内获得了职业晋升。 ☆result/outcome 结果 The outcome of the negotiation was a mutually beneficial agreement. 谈判的结果是达成了互利的协议。 ☆enjoyment/entertainment/pastime/recreation娱乐，消遣 Playing chess is a popular pastime among the elderly in the community. 下棋是深受社区老年人欢迎的消遣方式。 ☆teenager/adolescent 青少年 It is important to provide support and guidance for adolescents as they navigate the challenges of growing up. 在青少年应对成长过程中的挑战时，为他们提供支持和指导非常重要。 (三)形容词类(前者为普通词汇，后者为高级词汇) ☆helpful/beneficial 有帮助的，有裨益的 I believe that life in the countryside is more beneficial for children. 我相信农村生活对孩子们更有益。 ☆good/excellent 出色的 The student gave an excellent presentation, impressing the audience with his knowledge and delivery. 这个学生做了一个出色的演讲，以其知识和表达方式给观众留下了深刻印象。 ☆interesting/captivating有趣的 The book was captivating, keeping the reader engrossed from beginning to end. 这本书非常吸引人，让读者从头到尾都沉浸其中。 ☆tired/exhausted 累的，筋疲力尽的 The student felt exhausted, having used up all his energy and feeling mentally and physically drained. 这个学生感到筋疲力尽，耗尽了所有的精力，身心俱疲。 ☆fast/rapid 快的 The car was rapid, reaching speeds of over 200 kilometers per hour and leaving other vehicles in its wake. 这辆车非常迅速，可以达到每小时200多公里的速度，让其他车辆望尘莫及。 ☆funny/hilarious 好笑的 The joke was hilarious, causing me to double over with laughter. 这个笑话非常好笑，让我笑弯了腰。 ☆be busy with/be occupied with忙于 The student was occupied with homework and didn't have time to go out and play with his friends. 这个学生忙于做作业，没有时间和他的朋友们出去玩。 ☆different/various/a variety of/varieties of多样的 The store offers various/a variety of/varieties of styles and colors of shoes, catering to a wide range of customers. 这家商店提供各种款式和颜色的鞋子，迎合了广泛的客户群。 ☆be important/be of importance/be of significance重要的 It's of great significance to get enough sleep for good health. 睡眠充足对保持健康很重要。 (四)副词类(前者为普通词汇，后者为高级词汇) ☆often/frequently 经常 The students frequently visited the library, sometimes even staying up late to finish their work. 这些学生经常去图书馆，有时甚至熬夜完成作业。 ☆finally/eventually 最后 The project was eventually completed, although there were many setbacks and delays along the way. 虽然经历了很多挫折和延误，但最终还是完成了项目。 ☆easily/effortlessly 容易地 The puzzle was effortlessly solved by the skilled player. 技术娴熟的玩家毫不费力地解决了这个疑难问题。 ☆therefore/consequently 因此 We didn't bring any umbrellas, and consequently, we got soaked in the rain. 我们没有带伞，结果被雨淋湿了。 ☆however/nevertheless 然而 The weather was getting worse, nevertheless, the hikers continued on their journey. 天气越来越糟，然而这些徒步旅行者仍然继续他们的旅程。 ☆sometimes/occasionally偶尔，有时候 I only drink coffee occasionally, when I need a pick-me-up. 我只偶尔喝咖啡，当我需要提神时我才喝。 根据括号中的中文提示，用学到的高级词汇完成句子。 1．The misunderstanding between the two friends __________________ ____________________________ (导致了他们关系的破裂)． 2．__________________________________ (我姐姐的婚礼结果) was a wonderful celebration of love and family. 3．After my father's death, my mother ____________________________ __________________ (忙于管理家族企业)． 4．Despite his young age, he ___________________________________ (有能力处理具有挑战性的任务)． gave rise to a breakdown of their relationship The outcome of my sister's wedding was occupied with managing the family business is capable of handling challenging tasks 5．Having studied abroad for several years, he now _________________ ____________________________ (非常了解当地的文化和风俗习惯)． 6．The students worked together diligently to ______________________ __________ (完成了他们的任务) and received high praise from their teacher. 7．Having a supportive group of friends has been ___________________ __________________________________ (对我的心理健康和整体健康非常有益)． 8．During my travels through the jungle, I encountered ______________ ______________________________ (许多我从未见过的奇异动物)． has a good command of the local culture and customs accomplish their assignment incredibly beneficial to my mental health and overall well-being varieties of animals I had never seen before 9．Learning to communicate effectively with others is _______________ ______________________________ (在建立良好关系方面非常重要)． 10．Despite facing many challenges, I ____________________________ _______________ (最终到达了山顶) and felt an immense sense of accomplishment. of great importance in developing strong relationships eventually reached the summit of the mountain 二、笼统词和具体词 在续写实践表达中，同学们会发现要想生动、细致地描写人物的动作和情感，常常需要使用一些具体词，来让写作内容营造出一种画面感，增加可读性。如①He walked into the room.②He tiptoed into the room.上面两个例句中，②里面的 tiptoe(蹑手蹑脚)描绘了主人公走起路来小心翼翼的场景，让读者读起此句话来不免也屏住呼吸，与主人公感同身受。这样的准确用词相信会给阅卷老师留下深刻的印象，提高得分档次。常见的表达有下面一些。 (一)say说 1．“You're safe！” Tom cried in delight. “你安全啦！”汤姆高兴地大声说道。 2．She whispered a secret into her friend's ear. 她对她的朋友耳语了一个秘密。 3．When she saw the gift, she couldn't help but exclaim with joy. 当她看到礼物时，她因喜悦而忍不住惊呼。 4．The coach shouted at the team for not following the game plan. 教练因球队没有按照比赛计划行事而对他们大声斥责。 5．She yelled in terror when she saw the spider crawling towards her. 当她看到蜘蛛朝着她爬来时，她惊恐地大喊起来。 6．She screamed in pain when she stubbed her toe on the table leg. 当她的脚趾碰到桌腿时，她因疼痛而尖叫。 7．The crowd cheered loudly as the home team scored a goal. 当主队进球时，人群欢呼雀跃。 8．He muttered under his breath as he read the frustrating e-mail. 当他阅读令人沮丧的电子邮件时，小声嘟囔了一句。 9．He stuttered when he tried to speak in front of a large audience. 当他尝试面对一大群的观众讲话时，他变得结结巴巴。 10．She stammered nervously when the math teacher asked her to answer a question. 当数学老师叫她回答问题时，她紧张地口吃起来。 (二)walk走 1．My dog and I strolled through the park today. 今天我和我的狗在公园散步。 2．She tiptoed past her sleeping baby. 她蹑手蹑脚地从正在睡觉的宝宝身边经过。 3．They decided to wander around the city and explore its hidden gems. 他们决定四处漫步，探索城市中的隐藏之处。 4．The little girl skipped down the street, holding her mother's hand. 小女孩牵着母亲的手，蹦蹦跳跳地沿街行走。 5．After dinner, they liked to stroll around the neighborhood and chat. 晚饭后，他们喜欢在附近漫步并聊天。 (三)run跑 1．The athlete sprinted as fast as he could towards the finish line. 运动员尽可能快地跑向终点。 2．I like to jog in the park on the weekends to keep fit. 为了保持身体健康，我周末喜欢在公园里慢跑。 3．The children raced each other to see who could reach the tree first. 孩子们你追我赶，看谁能先到达树下。 4．She dashed to catch the bus before it drove away. 在公交车开走前，她冲过去赶上公交车。 5．He rushed to the hospital to see his wife after receiving the news. 接到消息后，他匆忙赶往医院看望他的妻子。 6．The athlete strode confidently towards the finish line, knowing he was going to win. 这位运动员自信满满、大步流星地向终点线跑去，心里很清楚他将会获胜。 (四)smile/laugh笑 1．He couldn't help but grin widely when he heard a funny joke. 当他听到一个有趣的笑话时，他忍不住咧嘴大笑。 2．When she saw the surprise birthday party, her face beamed with joy. 当她看到惊喜生日派对时，她的脸上洋溢着喜悦的笑容。 3．He smirked sarcastically when he saw his rival make a mistake. 当看到他的对手犯错时，他露出了幸灾乐祸的笑容。 4．The children started to giggle when they heard a funny joke. 孩子们听到一个有趣的笑话后开始咯咯地笑起来。 (五)cry哭 1．She was weeping uncontrollably when she heard the news. 她听到消息后失控地哭泣。 2．She was sobbing quietly in the corner of the room. 她在房间的角落里悄悄地抽泣。 3．The mourners were wailing and beating their chests at the funeral. 哀悼者在葬礼上拍打着胸膛，痛哭流涕。 4．She was shedding tears of joy when she heard the good news. 她听到好消息时流下了喜悦的泪水。 5．He was sniffing and wiping his nose with a tissue. 他一边抽泣，一边用纸巾擦鼻子。 6．She couldn't help but mournfully cry when she saw the devastation caused by the natural disaster. 当她看到自然灾害造成的破坏时，她不禁悲伤地哭泣起来。 7．She was crying out in pain as the doctor examined her broken leg. 医生检查她的断腿时，她疼得大声哭喊。 8．The little boy was howling with grief when he lost his favorite toy. 小男孩弄丢了他最喜欢的玩具时，痛哭流涕。 (六)look/see看 1．She gazed out of the window, lost in thought. 她凝视着窗外，陷入了沉思。 2．He glanced at his watch and realized he was running late. 他瞥了一眼手表，意识到他已经晚了。 3．The doctor will examine the patient's symptoms to diagnose the illness. 医生将检查患者的症状以诊断疾病。 4．I like to sit quietly in nature and observe the birds as they fly by. 我喜欢静静地坐在大自然中观察鸟儿飞过。 5．She scanned through the documents to find the relevant information. 她浏览文件以找到相关信息。 6．Several people witnessed the accident and provided statements for the police. 几个人目击了事故并向警方提供了证词。 7．I caught a glimpse of her as she walked past me. 她从我身边经过时，我瞥了一眼她。 8．When I set my eyes on the Eiffel Tower, I was amazed by its beauty. 当我看到埃菲尔铁塔时，它的美丽让我感到惊讶。 9．The moment I laid eyes on that painting, I knew I had to have it. 在看到那幅画的那一刻，我就知道我一定要拥有它。 10．Please keep an eye on my bag while I go to the restroom. 我去洗手间时，请帮我留意一下我的包。 11．Can you have a look at this document and let me know what you think? 你能瞧一瞧这份文件并告诉我你的想法吗？ 12．I couldn't resist taking a peek at the surprise gift before my birthday. 在我的生日到来之前，我忍不住偷看了一下惊喜礼物。 13．Look out for slippery spots on the road after the rain. 雨后要留意道路上的湿滑路段。 (七)think想 1．We should consider all the options before making a decision. 在做决定之前，我们应该考虑所有的选择。 2．I need some time alone to contemplate my future career. 我需要一些独处的时间来思考我的未来职业。 3．She sat by the window, pondering the meaning of life. 她坐在窗边，沉思人生的意义。 4．After the incident, she took some time to reflect on her actions. 事后，她花了一些时间反思自己的行为。 5．We need to take your opinion into account before making a decision. 在做决定之前，我们需要考虑你的意见。 6．In emergency situations, the safety of individuals should be given priority to. 在紧急情况下，应该优先考虑个人的安全。 请使用括号中的提示，翻译下列句子。 1．当小女孩失去气球时，她开始哭喊，希望有人能帮助她。(cry) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2．顾客向经理抱怨餐厅的槽糕服务。(complain) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ When the little girl lost her balloon, she began to cry, hoping someone would help her. The customer complained to the manager about the poor service she received at the restaurant. 3．半夜，孩子们蹑手蹑脚地从熟睡的父母身边经过，偷偷溜进厨房找零食吃。(tiptoe, sneak) ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．当我沿着街道走的时候，我瞥见了我高中时的老朋友。(catch a glimpse of) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5．她迅速瞥了一眼手表，查看时间。(glance) ___________________________________________________ The children tiptoed past their sleeping parents to sneak into the kitchen for a midnight snack. As I was walking down the street, I caught a glimpse of my old friend from high school. She quickly glanced at her watch to check the time. 6．当他试图绷着脸时，她对他的试图严肃忍俊不禁。(smirk) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7．老师扫视了一下房间，确保所有学生都在认真听讲。 (scan) _________________________________________________________________________________________ 8．这位跑步者冲向终点线，把他的竞争对手甩在了身后。(dash) _______________________________________________________________________________ While he tried to keep a straight face, she couldn't help but smirk at his attempt to be serious. The teacher scanned the room to make sure that all of the students were paying attention. The runner was dashing towards the finish line, leaving his competitors behind. 9．小女孩发现宠物丢失后，无法控制地哭泣起来。 (sob) _____________________________________________________________________________ 10．两个朋友你追我赶向山顶冲去，当他们终于到达山顶时，两个人都气吁吁地大笑起来。(race) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The little girl sobbed uncontrollably when she realized she had lost her pet. The two friends raced each other to the top of the hill, panting and laughing when they finally reached the summit. 11．当窗帘拉开时，观众们看到了精美的舞台布景，不禁惊叹。(lay eyes on) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12．海浪拍打岸边发出的低语声为我们的海滩野餐提供了舒缓的背景音乐。(murmur) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When the curtains were drawn back, the audience gasped as they laid eyes on the magnificent stage set. The sound of the waves murmuring against the shore was a soothing background music for our beach picnic. 三、介词(短语)类 介词短语在句中充当表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语，表状态、伴随等。介词短语有助于保持句子平衡，使上下文衔接紧密，同时也起强调作用。 1．The skyscraper in the distance is a five-star hotel. 远处的摩天大楼是一家五星级酒店。(定语) 2．Her eyes were tired from long reading. 她的眼睛因为长时间阅读而感到疲惫。(原因状语) 3．The decision is of great importance to me. 这个决定对我来说非常重要。(表语) 4．They found the machine in a bad state. 他们发现机器的状况很差。(宾语补足语) 5．A pretty girl appeared from behind the curtain. 一个漂亮的女孩从帘子后面出来了。(地点状语) 6．He is used to sleeping with all the windows open. 他习惯睡觉时打开所有窗户。(介词＋宾语＋形容词，伴随状语) 7．The wounded boy glared at the nobleman with his teeth clenched. 受伤的男孩咬牙切齿地瞪着贵族。(介词＋宾语＋分词，伴随状语) 8．The cat humped its back just like a fierce tiger to jump upon me. 猫弓着背，就像一只要扑向我的猛虎。(介词＋宾语＋不定式，方式状语) 9．The little boy rushed out of the house without anything on. 小男孩什么都没穿就冲出了家门。(介词＋宾语＋副词，伴随状语) 10．The teacher entered the classroom with a book under his arm. 老师走进教室，腋下夹着一本书。(介词＋宾语＋介词短语，伴随状语) 11．With no path to follow, Jane just walked on for quite a long time. 没有路可走，简就这样走了很长一段时间。 12．To her great joy, she also saw some berry bushes. 令她非常高兴的是，她还看到了一些浆果灌木丛。 13．With an angry roar, the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes. 熊怒吼着，跑到湖边清洗它的眼睛。 14．But for me, though a little embarrassed, I soon totally forgot the “unforgettable” incident and set out for the trick-or-treat.I would like to take it as a treat to add joy and fun to this festive atmosphere. 但对我来说，尽管有点尴尬，我很快就完全忘记了“难忘的”事件，并出发去“不给糖就捣蛋”。我愿借此机会，为这个节日气氛增添欢乐和乐趣。 15．Without any hesitation, the following words popped out, to shoot basket, hit a baseball, throw a football and prepare my future as a quarterback on a football team, anything but to pay family expense like you. 我毫不犹豫地说出了下面这句话：投篮、打棒球、扔足球、为将来成为足球队的四分卫做准备，任何事情都可以，但绝不像你一样为了养家糊口。 16．In the blink of an eye, numerous fun activities, could do presented themselves to me. 眨眼间，我可以做的许多有趣的活动呈现在我面前。 17．On cold days, Dad might find one of his customers waiting for him with a cup of hot chocolate. 在寒冷的日子里，爸爸可能会发现他的一个顾客端着一杯热巧克力等着他。 请使用恰当的介词短语完成下面的句子。 1．The meeting was held _________(秘密地)． 2．They watched the experiment ______________________________ (非常感兴趣地)． 3．He went into the cave ____________________(非常好奇地)． 4．He looked at me ____________________(困惑地) and did not answer the question. 5．Daniel gazed at her __________________(仰慕地；钦佩地)． 6．He ran away _________________________(害怕地)． in secret with great interest/enthusiasm with great curiosity in confusion/puzzlement with/in admiration in fear/panic/terror/horror 7．He had to leave his hometown __________________(非常伤心地)． 8．He fought the illness ____________(勇敢地) and determination. 9．He answered the questions _______________(自信地)． 10．The whole ceremony took place ________________(寂静无声地)． 11．Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are ________________________(为了大家欣赏)． 12．___________(令我羞愧的是), I never thanked him for his kindness. with sadness/sorrow with courage with confidence in complete silence for everyone's enjoyment To my shame 13．_____________________________________(随着教师节的到来), we decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. 14．So far, we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is ______________(还很不理想)．We have to work harder. 15．______________________________(怀着沉重的/破碎的心), she watched him go. With Teachers' Day approaching/coming far from ideal With a heavy/sinking/broken heart 谢谢观看 Thank you for watching $$