13.Unit 4 Body Language单元重点词汇导学案-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年高二英语同步学与练(人教版2019选择性必修第一册)

Unit 4 Body Language 单元重点词汇导学案 1.了解单元词汇全貌并认识其意义。 2.掌握重点词汇的含义及使用方法。 猜测词义 词义备选 1.interaction 　　　 n. 　F　  2.identical adj.　B　  3.interpret vt. & vi.　C　  4.distract vt.　N　  5.fake adj.　H　  6.trial n.& v.　K　  7.nonverbal adj.　A　  8.internal adj.　D　  9.slump vi.　E　  10.distinguish vi. & vt.　O　  11.perceive vt.　G　  12.gesture n.　I　  13.ultimately adv.　M　  14.intervene vi.　J　  15.component n.　L　  A.不涉及言语的; 非言语的 B.相同的 C.把……理解(解释)为;口译 D.内部的; 里面的 E.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等) F.交流; 相互影响 G.察觉; 看待; 理解 H.假装的; 假的; 冒充的 I.手势; 姿势; 姿态 J.干预; 介入 K.审讯; 审判; 试验; 试用 L.组成部分; 零件 M.最终; 最后 N.分散(注意力); 使分心 O.区分; 辨别 1.approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过 【拓展练习】 完成句子 ①We don’t want to anger the people who don’t approve of nationalization.  我们不想激怒那些不赞成国有化的人们。 ②I approve of your trying to earn some extra money,but please don’t neglect your studies.我同意你尝试去挣一些外快,但是请不要忽视了功课。  ③No teacher can approve of cheating in exams.  任何教师都不能允许考试作弊。 【知识拓展】 (1)approve of...　　　　赞成……;同意…… approve of (sb./sb.’s) doing sth. 赞成/同意(某人)做某事 (2)approval n.赞同,认可 2.witness vt.当场看到;目击;见证 n.目击者;证人 【拓展练习】 单句语法填空 ①The lawyer bore witness to an accused person. 完成句子 ②The loud and confident voice was a witness to his bravery .响亮而自信的声音是他勇敢的见证。  【知识拓展】 be a witness to sth.　　　看见(某事发生);为……提供证据 bear/give witness to sth. 为……作证,证明 give witness in a court of law在法庭上作证 3.reliable adj.可靠的;可信赖的 【拓展练习】 单句语法填空 ①You can rely upon it that he will come. 完成句子 ②The rescue team is looking for someone who is reliable and hard-working.救援队正在寻找可靠、勤奋的人。【知识拓展】 rely on/upon　　　　　　　信赖 rely on/upon it that... 信赖,相信…… depend on 依靠 count on 依靠 It/That all depends. 视情况而定。 4.vary vi.(根据情况)变化; 改变 【拓展练习】 单句语法填空 ①Though in the same family the birds vary in size and colour. ②( Often due to various(vary) pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ③(Class activities will vary (vary)from day to day,but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes.  完成句子 ④Customs can vary from region to region, so when we arrive in a new place, we should do as the Romans do.  风俗因地区而异,所以当我们到达一个新地方时,我们应该入乡随俗。 【知识拓展】 (1)vary in...　　　　　在……(大小、形状等)上不同 vary with/by 随……变化/改变 vary from...to... 由……到……不等 (2)various/varied adj. 各种各样的; 多姿多彩的 (3)variety n.种种; 多样化 a variety of/varieties of 种种; 各种各样的 5.appropriate adj.合适的;恰当的 【拓展练习】 单句语法填空 ①Mexicans consider it inappropriate (appropriate)to eat with utensils (餐具), instead preferring to use their hands. 完成句子 ②We should make an appropriate estimate of the advantages and disadvantages.  我们应该对优缺点作出恰当的估计。 ③“You will be informed of the secret at the appropriate time. ” the strange old man said.  “在适当的时候我会把秘密告诉你的,”这位奇怪的老人说。 【知识拓展】 make appropriate arrangements　妥善安排 just appropriate to the occasion 恰合时宜 appropriate use of words 用词恰当 by appropriate means(=in proper ways) 通过正当途径 6.in other words换句话说;也就是说 【拓展练习】 完成句子 ①Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard—in other words(换句话说),you failed.  ②Well,you could have a word with (交谈)the manager.He might be helpful.  ③John is smart,polite and well-behaved.In a word(简言之),he is admirable.  ④Word came that I was needed at home.  有消息传来说家里需要我。 【知识拓展】 in a word　　　　　　　总之,简言之 in words 用语言 word for word 逐字地,一字不差地 word came that 消息传来说 have a word with sb. 与某人交谈 break/keep one’s word 食言/守信用 7.break down消除; (化学)分解; 打破; (机器)损坏; 破坏; (谈判、计划等)失败; 破裂; (身体)垮掉;精神崩溃 【拓展练习】 写出句中黑体部分的含义 ①The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. (谈判)失败 ②If Tom carries on working like this,he will break down sooner or later. (身体)垮掉 ③It was bad luck that my car broke down on the way to Beijing. 出故障 ④It will take plastics more than 100 years to break down in the air. (化学)分解 ⑤Because of the conflict,the relationship between the two countries has broken down.破裂 单句语法填空 ⑧When the Second World War broke out,my grandfather was only 17 years old. ⑨The band broke up at its best,which made its fans unhappy. Our soldiers spent less than an hour breaking through the enemy’s defence. His house was broken into last night. 【知识拓展】 break away (from)　　离开; 逃脱; 脱离(……) break in 插嘴; 打断; 闯入 break into 破门而入; 突然……起来 break off 断绝; 中断; 折断 break out (火灾、战争等)突然爆发 break through 冲破; 突破 break up (使)破碎; (使)(关系等)破裂; 解散; 解体; 散会; 驱散; 制止 8.call on(短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请 【拓展练习】 单句语法填空 ①The director of the movie will call on you to star in the movie. ②Your letter called up the days when we worked together. ③Mountain climbing calls for a strong body and a brave heart. 【知识拓展】 call on sb.to do sth.　请求或号召某人做某事 call on/upon sb. 拜访某人 call at 访问(某地) call in 召集,召来 call up 使想起 call off 取消 call for 要求,需要 9.The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.关键是使用肢体语言的方式要与你所处的文化相适应。  【拓展练习】 完成句子 ①What most people hate most is being laughed at.大多数人最痛恨的就是被嘲笑。  ②My job is taking care of children in the kindergarten. 我的工作是在幼儿园照顾孩子。  ③His adventures are witnessing his transformation from a weak boy to a man.他的奇遇见证了他从一个懦弱的小男孩到男子汉的转变。  句型剖析：动名词短语作表语时,句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句,作表语的动名词与主语通常是对等的关系,表示主语的内容,主语、表语可互换位置。动名词的被动形式是being done。 I.核心单词 1.vary　　　　　vi.(根据情况)变化;改变 2.appropriate adj.合适的;恰当的 3.approve vi.赞成;同意vt.批准;通过 4.demonstrate vt.表现;表达;说明;证明 5.witness vt.当场看到;目击;见证 n.目击者;证人 6.barrier 　　　　n.隔阂;障碍 7.reliable adj.可靠的;可信赖的 8.reveal vt.揭示;显示;露出 9.occupy vt.占据;占用 10.adjust vt.调整; 调节 vi. & vt.适应;(使)习惯 II.拓展单词 1.anxious adj.焦虑的;不安的;渴望的→anxiety n.焦虑;担心;害怕 2.employ vt.使用;应用;雇用→employer n.雇主→employee n.雇员 3.differ vi.不同于;相异→difference n.不同之处→different adj.不同的 4.assess vt.评估;评价→assessment n.评价;评定 5.favour vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于 n.恩惠;帮助;赞同→favourable adj.赞同的→favourite adj.& n.最喜欢的;特别喜爱的人(或事物) 6.clarify vt.使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清→clarification n.澄清;阐明 7.educate v.教育→ educator n.教师;教育工作者;教育家→education n.教育 8.tend vi.趋向→tendency n.趋势;倾向 9.embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassed adj.尴尬的;难堪的 10.slight adj.轻微的;略微的;细小的→ slightly adv.略微;稍微 III.核心短语 1.by contrast　　　　相比之下 2.by comparison (与……)相比较 3.make inferences 推理;推断 4.break down 消除;分解;打破 5.straighten up 直起来;整理; 收拾整齐 6.in other words 换句话说;也就是说 7.call on　　　　(短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请 8.at work 有某种影响;在工作 9.be ashamed of 因……而感到羞愧 10.in conflict with sb.(over sth.) (在某事上)与某人相冲突/有争执/不一致 IV.重点句式 1.句型公式: with+宾语+宾语补足语 It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open. 他们好像在睁着眼睛睡觉。 2.句型公式:not (all) that+形容词或副词 Many students are quite shy and don’t speak all that much. 许多学生生性腼腆,沉默寡言。 一、单词拼写 1. The tests are to those carried out last year. 2. I’m a bit worried about up with the other students in my advanced course, and it’ll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework. 3. I would advise people to think very carefully about themselves to working Sundays. 4. You can then spend three days the rainforest with a local guide. 5. They’re doing clinical on a new drug. 6. See, your computer has broken again! It doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. 7. I’m not anything about your cooking, but could we eat out tonight? 8. Governments need to consider making and taking actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. 9. His views considerably from those of his parents. 10. Her biography that she was not as rich as everyone thought. 11. Some words are formed by other words. They are called compounds. 12. If you apply yourself to about the problem, you will soon solve it. 13. Occasionally, I have trouble between fact and fantasy. 14. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very . 15. It could be that she is having serious with other students or at home. 16. He has surely set up a record for the thousands of children who dream of school. 17. Experienced in to various animals, I’m sure to be the right person you’re looking for. 18. My relationship with my father played a major part in my attitude towards men. 19. I didn’t know whether to her silence as acceptance or refusal. 20. When he heard the miserable (悲惨的) story, he couldn’t help in sadness. 21. In Japan, it may respect to look down when talking to an older person. 22. After your destination, you will have a day to explore. 23. After , most of the crop is stored in large buildings. 24. Shortly after from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins, the city took on a new look. 25. As the final, joyous note signalled the end of the symphony, the audience jumped to their feet, clapping, cheering and waving their hats. But Beethoven continued , his head buried in the score. 二、完成句子 26. 做游戏是打破新生和老师之间隔阂的最佳方法之一。 Playing games is one of the best ways of between new students and teachers. 27. 通常情况下，在你与他人面对面交谈时，跷二郎腿被认为是不礼貌的。(have+宾语+宾补) In general, it is considered impolite to while you are talking to others face to face. 28. 如果你摆弄火柴，最后可能烧到自己。(end up doing) If you fool about with matches, you’ll . 29. 人工智能正在提供个性化学习，通过打破文化和语言障碍来满足儿童的需求。 Artificial intelligence is delivering personalized learning, tailored to children’s needs by cultural and language barriers. 30. 我们应该理性地使用人工智能，避免成为它的牺牲品。 We should apply AI in a reasonable way to avoid it. 31. 在线学习并非总是对我们有积极影响。 Online learning us. 32. 布朗先生每年花费三个月的时间环游世界。 Mr. Brown usually three months around the world every year. 33. 随着工作负担的日益加重，他的身体最终垮了，他不得不彻底休息。 With the increasing burden of his work, his health finally and he had to take a complete rest. 34. However, if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping, then I can infer that there are deeper issues . 但是，要是学生都懒得梳头，并且两眼因哭泣而发红，那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。 35. 我们正试图消除两个不同社区的年轻人之间的隔阂。 We’re trying to between young people from both communities. 36. 他的缺点之一就是说谎。 One of his weaknesses is . 37. 例如，如果水管漏水或者发生电线短路，你的智能家居将会探测出来，病给你提供相关的信息。 For example, if a water pipe starts , or if there is a short in the electrical wiring, your smart home will it and you with the relevant information. 38. Opinions on this matter person person, so it is hard for us to make the final decision. 关于这件事的看法每个人都不同，所以我们很难做出最终的决定。 39. 他花了六个月修订泰坦尼克号的计划并亲自下到大西洋底部去看看船的残骸。(leave短语) He spent six months of the Titanic and went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see the ship for himself 40. 让日常生活(daily life)更便利是这个软件的一个主要功能。(动名词作主语) is a major function of this software. 41. 如果你继续这样开车的话，你会出事的。 You will have an accident if you . 42. 两个申请人都得到这份工作是不可能的，因为不是两个人都适合这份工作。 It’s impossible for both the applicants to get the job, because . 43. 总有人改变规则，工作当然难做了。 It sure makes it difficult to get the job done when someone keeps . 44. I when I passed. (see sb doing) 我经过时看见她在哭。 45. 花太多的时间上网对健康是不利的，这会让我们很难去关注生活中的其它事情。 too much time online is unhealthy and makes very difficult for us to on other things in life. 46. 中国梦的目标是提高全体人民的生活质量。(aimed at) The Chinese dream the quality of life for all the people. 47. 考虑到这栋建筑明年就要被拆除，将地下室改造成卧室是没有意义的。 Given that the building is to be pulled down next year, . 48. 我不再停止吃我喜爱的食物，而是在自己的三餐中添加健康食品。 Rather than the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods my meals. 49. 人在许诺时都一样，不同之处在于他们的行动。 Men are all alike in their promises. It is only in their deeds . 50. 我祝贺你英语取得如此大的进步。 I congratulate you on your in English. 参考答案 一、 1. identical 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这些测试和去年进行的完全相同。根据句意可知应填形容词identical，作表语。故填identical。 2. keeping 【解析】考查动名词。句意：我有点担心在高级课程上跟不上其他同学，而且要适应这么多的作业也很难。空处与up with构成动词短语，且about为介词，空处用动名词，结合with the other students in my advanced course可知，此处表示“跟上”用keep up with。故填keeping。 3. committing 【解析】考查动名词。句意：我建议大家慎重考虑一下答应周日工作的问题。根据句意可知是commit，意为“承诺”，接在介词about后，应用动名词形式，故填committing。 4. exploring 【解析】考查动词。句意：然后你可以在当地导游的带领下花三天时间探索雨林。根据句意“探索”可知应用动词explore，此处为短语spend time doing sth.，动名词作宾语。故填exploring。 5. trials 【解析】考查名词。句意：他们正在对一种新药进行临床试验。根据句意，空处应为trial表示“实验”，空前有形容词clinical，空处应为名词形式，结合句意，新药的临床试验不止一次，要用复数形式，故填trials。 6. down 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：看，你的电脑又坏了! 为了省几美元而买最便宜的牌子的电脑是没有意义的。动词短语：break down“发生故障，毁掉”。故答案为 down。 7. implying 【解析】考查时态。句意：我并不是暗示你做的饭不好吃，只是想提议我们今晚去外面吃，好吗？分析可知，设空处应为动词，和am构成进行时结构，根据句意，故填implying。 8. policies appropriate restricting 【解析】考查名词、形容词和动词。句意：政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。作为个人，我们也可以通过限制我们生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。第一空作宾语，结合句意“政策”应用复数名词policies；第二空作定语修饰名词actions，结合句意“适当的”应用形容词appropriate；第三空结合句意“限制”应用动词restrict，作介词的宾语应用动名词形式。故填①policies；②appropriate；③restricting。 9. differ 【解析】考查动词。句意：他的观点与其父母大相径庭。根据句意可知应填动词differ，陈述客观事实可知为一般现在时，主语为views，谓语用原形。故填differ。 10. revealed 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：她的自传透露她并非像大家所想像的那样富有。主语Her biography后缺少谓语动词，自传揭示了她不富有，揭示的动词是reveal，根据宾语从句中的时态，可以看出是一般过去时。故填revealed。 11. combining 【解析】考查动词。句意：有些单词是由其他单词组合而成的。它们被称为复合词。根据“compounds (复合词)”可知，此处指由其他单词组合而成，空处表示“组合”，应用动词combine，且需用动名词形式，作by的宾语。故填combining。 12. thinking 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你专心思考这个问题，你很快就会解决它。根据句意，表示“思考”用think about，设空处置于介词to之后，故使用动名词作宾语。故填thinking。 13. distinguishing 【解析】考查动名词。句意：有时候，我很难区分事实和幻想。have trouble （in）doing表示“做某事有困难”，根据“between fact and fantasy”可知此处表示“区分”，故填distinguishing。 14. embarrassed 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他把我领进他的房间，急忙把一个大包裹藏在桌子底下。很明显，他很尴尬。根据句意可知，此处为形容词embarrassed“尴尬的”作表语，满足句意要求。故填embarrassed。 15. conflicts 【解析】考查名词。句意：这可能是她与其他学生或在家里发生了严重的冲突。形容词修饰名词，根据句意，conflict“冲突”符合句意，根据句意用复数，故填conflicts。 16. evading 【解析】考查动词。句意：他无疑为成千上万梦想逃避上学的孩子们创造了一项纪录。根据“set up a record”和“the thousands of children who dream of”可推知，此处应该是表达“为成千上万梦想逃避上学的孩子们创造了一项记录”，空处应用动词evade，意为“逃避”，evade school表示“逃避上学”，且空处作of的宾语，evade应用动名词形式evading。故填evading。 17. attending 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我有照顾各种动物的经验，我肯定是你要找的人。根据后面的to 及宾语various animals，动词短语attend to意为“照顾”符合句意，在句中作介词in 的宾语，应使用动名词形式。故填attending。 18. shaping 【解析】考查动词。句意：我和父亲的关系在塑造我对男人的态度方面起了重要作用。根据句意可知，此处意为“塑造”，应用动词shape，空前为介词in，应用动名词，作宾语。故填shaping。 19. interpret 【解析】考查动词。句意：我不知该把她的沉默看作是接受还是拒绝。根据句意可知，空格处可填interpret“把......理解为”构成.interpret sth/sb as，且不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填interpret。 20. weeping 【解析】考查动词。句意：当他听到这个悲惨的故事时，他忍不住悲伤地哭了起来。结合句意可知应填动词weep，且上文为短语couldn’t help doing sth.。故填weeping。 21. demonstrate 【解析】考查动词。句意：在日本，当与老年人交谈时，低头可能会表示尊重。根据句意，与老人交流时低头可以表示对老人的尊敬。“表示”可用demonstrate翻译。前面may是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填demonstrate。 22. reaching 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：到达目的地后，您将有一天的时间进行探索。根据空格前的介词after可知，空格后应填动名词作介词after的宾语。故填reaching。 23. harvesting 【解析】考查动词及非谓语。句意：收割之后，大部分庄稼都被储存在大仓库里。根据空后内容“most of the crop is stored in large buildings”可知，此处表“收割，收获”的含义，填动词harvest；空前After是介词，所以要用其动名词形式，即harvesting，作介词的宾语。故填harvesting。 24. suffering 【解析】考查动词。句意：在遭受大地震后不久，这座城市变成了废墟，面貌焕然一新。根据“from a massive earthquake”可知，此处是指遭受大地震，所以应用动词短语suffer from表示“遭受”。在介词after后应用动名词作宾语。故填suffering。 25. conducting 【解析】考查动名词。句意：当最后一个欢快的音符标志着交响乐的结束时，观众们站起来，鼓掌，欢呼，挥舞着帽子。但贝多芬继续指挥，沉浸在乐谱中。根据句意可知，空处填动名词conducting做continue的宾语。故填conducting。 二、 26. breaking down walls / barriers 【解析】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。表示“打破隔阂”可用动词短语break down walls或break down barriers，应用其动名词作介词of的宾语。故填breaking down walls / barriers。 27. have your legs crossed 【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据提示，本句应使用“have+宾语+宾补”结构，表示“腿”含义的词为：leg；表示“跷起来”含义的词为：cross，这个词也用作“交叉”含义，因your legs与cross之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词形式作宾补，根据空白处前面的动词不定式符号可知空白处应填动词原形，故填have your legs crossed。 28. end up getting burned 【解析】考查动词短语和时态。根据汉语可知，空处表示“最后可能烧到自己”，结合提示可知，应用固定短语end up doing sth.，意为“最终做某事”，表示以做某事而告终或结束，空前有you’ll，end应用原形，“烧到自己”可理解为“被烧到”，可用固定短语get burned，且需用get的动名词形式getting，作end up的宾语。故可填end up getting burned。 29. breaking down 【解析】考查非谓语动词和动词短语。分析句子意思可知，空处缺少“打破”用break down，by后用动名词作宾语。故填breaking，down。 30. falling victim to 【解析】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词短语fall victim to“成为…的牺牲品”。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，所以fall用动名词形式。故填①falling②victim③to。 31. does not always have a positive influence on 【解析】考查动词短语。“对……有积极影响”的英文为have a positive influence on sb，“总是”的英文为always，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数，借助助动词does构成否定句 ，故填does not always have a positive influence on。 32. spends travelling 【解析】考查动词短语和时态。根据所给出汉语句子，结合英语可知，设空处“________ three months ________”对应“花费三个月的时间环游”，用动词短语“spend+时间+ (in) doing”表达，“spend”作谓语，结合“usually”可知，用一般现在时，主语“Mr. Brown”为第三人称单数，动词用三单形式“spends”；介词“in”可省略；“环游”用动词“travel”表达，用动名词形式“travelling”。故填①spends；②travelling。 33. broke down 【解析】考查动词短语和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填动词短语break down“崩溃、垮掉”，在句子中作谓语动词，根据空后并列句的谓语动词“had to”可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词用过去式形式broke down作谓语。故填①broke； ②down。 34. at work 【解析】考查固定短语。结合语境表示“起作用，有影响”可知短语为at work，故填at work。 35. break down barriers 【解析】考查动词短语和名词。设空处为“消除隔阂”，“消除”用动词短语break down，在不定式符号to用动词原形，作宾语；“隔阂”用名词barrier，可数名词，这里应用复数形式。故填break down barriers。 36. telling lies 【解析】考查短语和动名词。表示“撒谎”用短语tell lies，结合句中“One of his weaknesses is”可知，这里表示习惯性动作，所以空处用动名词作表语说明主语的内容，故填telling lies。 37. leaking detect provide 【解析】考查非谓语动词和动词。根据中英文提示可知，第一空缺少“漏水”，应用动词leak，固定搭配start doing sth“开始做某事”，应用动名词，作宾语；第二空缺少“探测”，应用动词detect，在句中作谓语，空前有will，设空处应用动词原形；第三空缺少“提供”，应用动词provide，在句中和前面的探测并列作谓语，应用动词原形。故填①leaking；②detect；③provide。 38. vary from to 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语vary from...to...(在⋯⋯到⋯⋯之间变化)，空处作谓语，结合is可知，时态用一般现在时，主语Opinions复数，谓语复数形式。故填①vary；②from；③to。 39. revising the plan what was left of 【解析】考查非谓语动词和宾语从句。根据中英文提示可知，需要翻译的部分为“修订计划”和“船的残骸”，表示“修订”应用revise，spend time (in) doing sth.为固定句型，第一空处需填动名词形式；表示“计划”应用plan，此处为特指，用定冠词修饰；表示“剩下的”用固定搭配be left of。因此“船的残骸”应用what was left of the ship，what引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填①revising；②the；③plan；④what；⑤was；⑥left；⑦of。 40. Making daily lives more convenient 【解析】考查动名词和形容词。此处用动名词作主语，make +名词（宾语）+形容词（宾补），daily life (日常生活)用复数形式，形容词比较级more convenient作宾补。故填Making daily lives more convenient。 41. carry on driving like this 【解析】考查时态，固定短语和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“继续这样开车”，“继续做某事”是carry on doing，“这样开车”是drive like this，句子遵循主将从现原则，因此if从句中用一般现在时，主语you是第二人称，因此carry用原形，因此空格处是carry on driving like this。故填carry on driving like this。 42. not both of them are fit for the job 【解析】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示，表示“因为不是两个人都”含义的表达为：not both of them；表示“适合这份工作”含义的表达为：be fit for the job，因主语为复数，谓语动词使用复数形式，故填not both of them are fit for the job。 43. moving the goalposts 【解析】考查动词短语。分析句子可知，表示“改变规则”应用move the goalposts，为固定搭配，且keep后应加动名词作宾语。故填moving the goalposts。 44. saw her weeping 【解析】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。表示“看见某人正在做某事”应用see sb. doing sth.，根据“passed”可知，使用一般过去时，表示“她”应用her，表示“哭”应用weep，此处用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填saw her weeping。 45. Spending it focus/concentrate 【解析】考查动名词，代词it和非谓语动词。根据中英文提示，空格①缺少“花费”，spend some time“花费时间”，此处作主语用动名词形式，“make+宾语+宾语补足语”是固定结构，空格②用形式宾语it，真正的宾语是不定式短语“for us to 　　　　　　 on other things”，空格③缺少“集中”，译为focus/concentrate on“集中”，此处是不定式作宾语，to是不定式符号，后接动词原形，故答案为①Spending②it③focus/concentrate。 46. is aimed at improving 【解析】考查动词短语。表示“旨在做某事”用be aimed at doing sth.，同时句子表示客观事实，故使用一般现在时，主语为the Chinese dream，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，表示“提高”用improve，其动名词形式是improving。故填is aimed at improving。 47. there is no point (in) converting the basement into a bedroom或it is pointless to convert the basement into a bedroom 【解析】考查固定句型及非谓语动词用法。There is no point (in)doing.../It is pointless to do ...做……是没有意义的；表示“把……改造成……”可使用动词短语convert...into...；表示“地下室”使用名词basement；表示“卧室”使用名词bedroom。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。结合句意，故填there is no point (in) converting the basement into a bedroom或it is pointless to convert the basement into a bedroom. 48. cutting out to 【解析】考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，空格一和空格二处涉及动词短语cut out，意为“戒除某事物”，rather than doing sth.意为“而不是做某事”，故空格一和空格二应填cutting out，空格三处涉及动词短语add…to…，意为“把……添加到……”，故空格三应填“to”。故填①cutting；②out；③to。 49. that they differ 【解析】考查强调句。根据句意可知横线上缺少“不同之处”的意思，表示“与……不同”用动词differ，根据前面的it is来分析句子成分，这里用的是强调句型的结构，后面用that来连接，而句子的主语是they，是复数，谓语动词用复数，根据句意和前文的are可知用一般现在时。故填that they differ。 50. making such great progress 【解析】考查短语。make progress取得进步。congratulate sb. on one’s doing sth.祝贺某人做某事。根据句意，故填making such great progress. ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Body Language 单元重点词汇导学案 1.了解单元词汇全貌并认识其意义。 2.掌握重点词汇的含义及使用方法。 猜测词义 词义备选 1.interaction 　　　 n. _________________ 2.identical adj._________________ 3.interpret vt. & vi._________________ 4.distract vt._________________ 5.fake adj._________________ 6.trial n.& v._________________ 7.nonverbal adj._________________ 8.internal adj._________________ 9.slump vi._________________ 10.distinguish vi. & vt._________________ 11.perceive vt._________________ 12.gesture n._________________ 13.ultimately adv._________________ 14.intervene vi._________________ 15.component n._________________ A.不涉及言语的; 非言语的 B.相同的 C.把……理解(解释)为;口译 D.内部的; 里面的 E.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等) F.交流; 相互影响 G.察觉; 看待; 理解 H.假装的; 假的; 冒充的 I.手势; 姿势; 姿态 J.干预; 介入 K.审讯; 审判; 试验; 试用 L.组成部分; 零件 M.最终; 最后 N.分散(注意力); 使分心 O.区分; 辨别 1.approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过 【拓展练习】 完成句子 ①We don’t want to anger the people who don’t _________________.  我们不想激怒那些不赞成国有化的人们。 ②I _________________,but please don’t neglect your studies.我同意你尝试去挣一些外快,但是请不要忽视了功课。  ③No teacher can _________________.  任何教师都不能允许考试作弊。 【知识拓展】 (1)approve of...　　　　赞成……;同意…… approve of (sb./sb.’s) doing sth. 赞成/同意(某人)做某事 (2)approval n.赞同,认可 2.witness vt.当场看到;目击;见证 n.目击者;证人 【拓展练习】 单句语法填空 ①The lawyer bore witness _________________ an accused person. 完成句子 ②The loud and confident voice was _________________.响亮而自信的声音是他勇敢的见证。  【知识拓展】 be a witness to sth.　　　看见(某事发生);为……提供证据 bear/give witness to sth. 为……作证,证明 give witness in a court of law在法庭上作证 3.reliable adj.可靠的;可信赖的 【拓展练习】 单句语法填空 ①You can rely upon _________________ that he will come. 完成句子 ②The rescue team is looking for someone _________________.救援队正在寻找可靠、勤奋的人。【知识拓展】 rely on/upon　　　　　　　信赖 rely on/upon it that... 信赖,相信…… depend on 依靠 count on 依靠 It/That all depends. 视情况而定。 4.vary vi.(根据情况)变化; 改变 【拓展练习】 单句语法填空 ①Though in the same family the birds vary _________________ size and colour. ②( Often due to _________________(vary) pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ③(Class activities _________________ (vary)from day to day,but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes.  完成句子 ④Customs can _________________, so when we arrive in a new place, we should do as the Romans do.  风俗因地区而异,所以当我们到达一个新地方时,我们应该入乡随俗。 【知识拓展】 (1)vary in...　　　　　在……(大小、形状等)上不同 vary with/by 随……变化/改变 vary from...to... 由……到……不等 (2)various/varied adj. 各种各样的; 多姿多彩的 (3)variety n.种种; 多样化 a variety of/varieties of 种种; 各种各样的 5.appropriate adj.合适的;恰当的 【拓展练习】 单句语法填空 ①Mexicans consider it _________________ (appropriate)to eat with utensils (餐具), instead preferring to use their hands. 完成句子 ②We should _________________the advantages and disadvantages.  我们应该对优缺点作出恰当的估计。 ③“You will be informed of the secret _________________. ” the strange old man said.  “在适当的时候我会把秘密告诉你的,”这位奇怪的老人说。 【知识拓展】 make appropriate arrangements　妥善安排 just appropriate to the occasion 恰合时宜 appropriate use of words 用词恰当 by appropriate means(=in proper ways) 通过正当途径 6.in other words换句话说;也就是说 【拓展练习】 完成句子 ①Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard—_________________(换句话说),you failed.  ②Well,you could _________________ (交谈)the manager.He might be helpful.  ③John is smart,polite and well-behaved._________________(简言之),he is admirable.  ④_________________ I was needed at home.  有消息传来说家里需要我。 【知识拓展】 in a word　　　　　　　总之,简言之 in words 用语言 word for word 逐字地,一字不差地 word came that 消息传来说 have a word with sb. 与某人交谈 break/keep one’s word 食言/守信用 7.break down消除; (化学)分解; 打破; (机器)损坏; 破坏; (谈判、计划等)失败; 破裂; (身体)垮掉;精神崩溃 【拓展练习】 写出句中黑体部分的含义 ①The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. _________________ ②If Tom carries on working like this,he will break down sooner or later. _________________ ③It was bad luck that my car broke down on the way to Beijing. _________________ ④It will take plastics more than 100 years to break down in the air. _________________ ⑤Because of the conflict,the relationship between the two countries has broken down._________________ 单句语法填空 ⑧When the Second World War broke _________________,my grandfather was only 17 years old. ⑨The band broke _________________ at its best,which made its fans unhappy. Our soldiers spent less than an hour breaking _________________ the enemy’s defence. His house was broken _________________ last night. 【知识拓展】 break away (from)　　离开; 逃脱; 脱离(……) break in 插嘴; 打断; 闯入 break into 破门而入; 突然……起来 break off 断绝; 中断; 折断 break out (火灾、战争等)突然爆发 break through 冲破; 突破 break up (使)破碎; (使)(关系等)破裂; 解散; 解体; 散会; 驱散; 制止 8.call on(短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请 【拓展练习】 单句语法填空 ①The director of the movie will call _________________ you to star in the movie. ②Your letter called _________________ the days when we worked together. ③Mountain climbing calls _________________ a strong body and a brave heart. 【知识拓展】 call on sb.to do sth.　请求或号召某人做某事 call on/upon sb. 拜访某人 call at 访问(某地) call in 召集,召来 call up 使想起 call off 取消 call for 要求,需要 9.The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.关键是使用肢体语言的方式要与你所处的文化相适应。  【拓展练习】 完成句子 ①What most people hate most is _________________.大多数人最痛恨的就是被嘲笑。  ②My job is _________________ in the kindergarten. 我的工作是在幼儿园照顾孩子。  ③His adventures are _________________ from a weak boy to a man.他的奇遇见证了他从一个懦弱的小男孩到男子汉的转变。  句型剖析：动名词短语作表语时,句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句,作表语的动名词与主语通常是对等的关系,表示主语的内容,主语、表语可互换位置。动名词的被动形式是being done。 I.核心单词 1._________________　　　　　vi.(根据情况)变化;改变 2._________________ adj.合适的;恰当的 3._________________ vi.赞成;同意vt.批准;通过 4._________________ vt.表现;表达;说明;证明 5._________________ vt.当场看到;目击;见证 n.目击者;证人 6._________________ 　　　　n.隔阂;障碍 7._________________ adj.可靠的;可信赖的 8._________________ vt.揭示;显示;露出 9._________________ vt.占据;占用 10._________________ vt.调整; 调节 vi. & vt.适应;(使)习惯 II.拓展单词 1.anxious adj.焦虑的;不安的;渴望的→_________________ n.焦虑;担心;害怕 2.employ vt.使用;应用;雇用→_________________ n.雇主→_________________ n.雇员 3.differ vi.不同于;相异→_________________ n.不同之处→_________________ adj.不同的 4.assess vt.评估;评价→_________________ n.评价;评定 5.favour vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于 n.恩惠;帮助;赞同→_________________ adj.赞同的→_________________ adj.& n.最喜欢的;特别喜爱的人(或事物) 6.clarify vt.使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清→_________________ n.澄清;阐明 7.educate v.教育→ _________________ n.教师;教育工作者;教育家→_________________ n.教育 8.tend vi.趋向→_________________ n.趋势;倾向 9.embarrass vt.使尴尬→_________________ adj.尴尬的;难堪的 10.slight adj.轻微的;略微的;细小的→ _________________ adv.略微;稍微 III.核心短语 1._________________　　　　相比之下 2._________________ (与……)相比较 3._________________ 推理;推断 4._________________ 消除;分解;打破 5._________________ 直起来;整理; 收拾整齐 6._________________ 换句话说;也就是说 7._________________　　　　(短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请 8._________________ 有某种影响;在工作 9._________________ 因……而感到羞愧 10._________________ (在某事上)与某人相冲突/有争执/不一致 IV.重点句式 1.句型公式: with+宾语+宾语补足语 It is as though they are asleep _________________. 他们好像在睁着眼睛睡觉。 2.句型公式:not (all) that+形容词或副词 Many students are quite shy and _________________. 许多学生生性腼腆,沉默寡言。 一、单词拼写 1. The tests are to those carried out last year. 2. I’m a bit worried about up with the other students in my advanced course, and it’ll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework. 3. I would advise people to think very carefully about themselves to working Sundays. 4. You can then spend three days the rainforest with a local guide. 5. They’re doing clinical on a new drug. 6. See, your computer has broken again! It doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. 7. I’m not anything about your cooking, but could we eat out tonight? 8. Governments need to consider making and taking actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. 9. His views considerably from those of his parents. 10. Her biography that she was not as rich as everyone thought. 11. Some words are formed by other words. They are called compounds. 12. If you apply yourself to about the problem, you will soon solve it. 13. Occasionally, I have trouble between fact and fantasy. 14. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very . 15. It could be that she is having serious with other students or at home. 16. He has surely set up a record for the thousands of children who dream of school. 17. Experienced in to various animals, I’m sure to be the right person you’re looking for. 18. My relationship with my father played a major part in my attitude towards men. 19. I didn’t know whether to her silence as acceptance or refusal. 20. When he heard the miserable (悲惨的) story, he couldn’t help in sadness. 21. In Japan, it may respect to look down when talking to an older person. 22. After your destination, you will have a day to explore. 23. After , most of the crop is stored in large buildings. 24. Shortly after from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins, the city took on a new look. 25. As the final, joyous note signalled the end of the symphony, the audience jumped to their feet, clapping, cheering and waving their hats. But Beethoven continued , his head buried in the score. 二、完成句子 26. 做游戏是打破新生和老师之间隔阂的最佳方法之一。 Playing games is one of the best ways of between new students and teachers. 27. 通常情况下，在你与他人面对面交谈时，跷二郎腿被认为是不礼貌的。(have+宾语+宾补) In general, it is considered impolite to while you are talking to others face to face. 28. 如果你摆弄火柴，最后可能烧到自己。(end up doing) If you fool about with matches, you’ll . 29. 人工智能正在提供个性化学习，通过打破文化和语言障碍来满足儿童的需求。 Artificial intelligence is delivering personalized learning, tailored to children’s needs by cultural and language barriers. 30. 我们应该理性地使用人工智能，避免成为它的牺牲品。 We should apply AI in a reasonable way to avoid it. 31. 在线学习并非总是对我们有积极影响。 Online learning us. 32. 布朗先生每年花费三个月的时间环游世界。 Mr. Brown usually three months around the world every year. 33. 随着工作负担的日益加重，他的身体最终垮了，他不得不彻底休息。 With the increasing burden of his work, his health finally and he had to take a complete rest. 34. However, if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping, then I can infer that there are deeper issues . 但是，要是学生都懒得梳头，并且两眼因哭泣而发红，那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。 35. 我们正试图消除两个不同社区的年轻人之间的隔阂。 We’re trying to between young people from both communities. 36. 他的缺点之一就是说谎。 One of his weaknesses is . 37. 例如，如果水管漏水或者发生电线短路，你的智能家居将会探测出来，病给你提供相关的信息。 For example, if a water pipe starts , or if there is a short in the electrical wiring, your smart home will it and you with the relevant information. 38. Opinions on this matter person person, so it is hard for us to make the final decision. 关于这件事的看法每个人都不同，所以我们很难做出最终的决定。 39. 他花了六个月修订泰坦尼克号的计划并亲自下到大西洋底部去看看船的残骸。(leave短语) He spent six months of the Titanic and went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see the ship for himself 40. 让日常生活(daily life)更便利是这个软件的一个主要功能。(动名词作主语) is a major function of this software. 41. 如果你继续这样开车的话，你会出事的。 You will have an accident if you . 42. 两个申请人都得到这份工作是不可能的，因为不是两个人都适合这份工作。 It’s impossible for both the applicants to get the job, because . 43. 总有人改变规则，工作当然难做了。 It sure makes it difficult to get the job done when someone keeps . 44. I when I passed. (see sb doing) 我经过时看见她在哭。 45. 花太多的时间上网对健康是不利的，这会让我们很难去关注生活中的其它事情。 too much time online is unhealthy and makes very difficult for us to on other things in life. 46. 中国梦的目标是提高全体人民的生活质量。(aimed at) The Chinese dream the quality of life for all the people. 47. 考虑到这栋建筑明年就要被拆除，将地下室改造成卧室是没有意义的。 Given that the building is to be pulled down next year, . 48. 我不再停止吃我喜爱的食物，而是在自己的三餐中添加健康食品。 Rather than the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods my meals. 49. 人在许诺时都一样，不同之处在于他们的行动。 Men are all alike in their promises. It is only in their deeds . 50. 我祝贺你英语取得如此大的进步。 I congratulate you on your in English. 　　　　　　 ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$