精品解析：河南省鹤壁市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题

河南省鹤壁市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷(解析版) 二、阅读理解 阅读下面四篇语言材料,然后按文后要求做题。 Short Story Competition For Daventry Art Festival Are you a budding writer? One of the competitions that will be running for the Art Festival is a short story competition.There are only two rules to follow: •The story must be no more than 500 words •The story must be about Daventry Town The competition will be judged by a local author,Mark Robson. Works must be handed in no later than 1st September, 2024, through the following two ways: Email: events@daventrytowncouncil.gov.uk. Post: Daventry Town Council, 3 New Street, Daventry, NN11 4 BT. There are three groups and prizes: •Age 5—9: $35 and a book card •Age 10—14: $45 and a book card •Age 15—18: $60 and a book card Winners will have their story published on Daventry Town Council’s website. Please make sure that your work has included your name, telephone number, word count and age. Any works that do not provide the above information will not be accepted. For more information email events@daventrytowncouncil.gov.uk 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. If you want to hand in your story, what should you do? A. Call the local author, Mark Robson. B. Email events@daventrytowncouncil.gov.uk. C. Hand in the story on Daventry Town Council’s website. D. Hand in the story to the organizer of Daventry Arts Festival in person (当面). 2. What prize could Lucy, an 11-year-old girl, get if she wins the competition? A. $ 5 and a book card. B. $ 35 and a book card. C. $ 45 and a book card. D $ 60 and a book card. 3. What might be the reason why Alan failed to take part in the competition? A. He handed in his work on August 15th. B. He described Daventry Town in his story. C. There were more than 500 words in his story. D. His work included his name, telephone number, word count and age. 4. Who is the text written for? A. Children. B. Teachers. C. Workers. D. Parents. 5. Where is the text most probably from? A. A newspaper. B. A travel guide. C. A computer book. D. A science report. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了Daventry艺术节短篇小说比赛的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Works must be handed in no later than 1st September, 2024, through the following two ways: Email: events@daventrytowncouncil.gov.uk. Post: Daventry Town Council, 3 New Street, Daventry, NN11 4 BT.”可知，如果你想交你的故事，你发电子邮件至events@daventrytowncouncil.gov.uk。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Age 10—14: $45 and a book card”可知，如果11岁的女孩露西赢得比赛，会得到45美元和一张图书卡。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The story must be no more than 500 words”可知，艾伦没有参加比赛的原因可能是他的故事有500多字。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Age 5—9: $35 and a book card •Age 10—14: $45 and a book card •Age 15—18: $60 and a book card”可知，这篇文章是写给孩子们的。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Short Story Competition For Daventry Art Festival”可知，这篇文章最有可能来自一份报纸。故选A。 Harry and Annie lived a mile from town, but they went there to school every day. It was a pleasant walk by the pond (池塘). They felt like that they were travelers walking in a new country and would drop leaves on the road so that they might find their way back again. When the ice was thick,they walked across the pond. But their mother did not like that they walked across the ice unless someone was with them. “Don’t go across the pond today,children,” she said as she kissed them and said goodbye one morning, “it is beginning to thaw.” “All right, mother,” said Harry, not very happily because he liked running and sliding (滑行) on the ice. When they came to the pond, the ice looked hard and safe. “There,” he said to his sister, “I knew it hadn’t thawed any. Mother is always afraid we will drown (淹死). Come along, we will have a good time sliding. The school bell will not ring for an hour at least.” “But you promised mother,” said Annie. “No, I didn’t.” I only said, “All right, and it is all right.” “I didn’t say anything, so I can do as I like,” said Annie. So they stepped on the ice, and started to go across the pond. They had not gone far before the ice gave way, and they fell into the water. A man who was at work near the bank heard the shout of the children and jumped into the water to save them. Harry got to the bank without any help, but poor Annie nearly drowned before the man could reach her. Harry went home and told his mother how disobedient (不服从的) he had been. He remembered the lesson he learned that day as long as he lived. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 6. Why did Harry and Annie drop leaves on the road? A. Because they were asked to do that. B. Because they were afraid of getting lost. C. Because they wanted to walk on the leaves in a new country. D. Because they enjoyed playing with the leaves in summer. 7. What does the underlined word “thaw” mean in Chinese in the second paragraph? A. 融化 B. 冻结 C. 变干 D. 变湿 8. Why did Harry and Annie go across the pond on that day? A. Because they would be late for class. B. Because the ice looked safe and hard. C. Because a man was walking with them. D. Because they promised that to their mother. 9. How might Harry feel about his mother at last? A. Proud but afraid. B. Angry and sad. C Surprised and disobedient. D. Sorry but thankful. 10. What can we learn from the story? A. Helping others is helping ourselves. B. An old man’s saying is seldom untrue. C. Honesty is the best policy in communication. D. Love and kindness make the society a better place. 【答案】6. B 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【原文】本文主要讲述了两个孩子上学路上没有听从妈妈的叮嘱，而继续在结冰的湖面上滑行，结果发生意外的故事，幸亏获救，同时也一直铭记了这次教训。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“They felt like that they were travelers walking in a new country and would drop leaves on the road so that they might find their way back again.”可知，哈利和安妮在路上丢树叶是因为他们害怕迷路。故选B。 【7题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段“When the ice was thick, they walked across the pond. But their mother did not like that they walked across the ice unless someone was with them. ‘Don’t go across the pond today, children,’ she said as she kissed them and said goodbye one morning, ‘it is beginning to thaw.’”（冰厚时，他们走过池塘。但是他们的母亲不喜欢他们走过冰面，除非有人陪着他们。“今天不要穿过池塘，孩子们，”一天早上她亲吻他们并道别时说，“开始解冻了。”）可知，第二段中带下划线的单词“thaw”在汉语中的意思是：融化。故选A。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“When they came to the pond,the ice looked hard and safe.”可知，那天哈利和安妮要穿过池塘是因为冰看起来既安全又坚硬。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“When the ice was thick, they walked across the pond. But their mother did not like that they walked across the ice unless someone was with them. ‘Don’t go across the pond today, children,’ she said as she kissed them and said goodbye one morning, ‘it is beginning to thaw.’”和最后一段“Harry got to the bank without any help,but poor Annie nearly drowned before the man could reach her.Harry went home and told his mother how disobedient (不服从) he had been. He remembered the lesson he learned that day as long as he lived.”可知，哈利最终会对他的母亲感到抱歉但很感激。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“When the ice was thick, they walked across the pond. But their mother did not like that they walked across the ice unless someone was with them. ‘Don’t go across the pond today, children,’ she said as she kissed them and said goodbye one morning, ‘it is beginning to thaw.’”和最后一段“Harry got to the bank without any help,but poor Annie nearly drowned before the man could reach her.Harry went home and told his mother how disobedient (不服从的) he had been. He remembered the lesson he learned that day as long as he lived.”可知，我们能从这个故事中学到：年长的人的话很少是不真实的。故选B。 On the morning of April 3, a 7.3-magnitude earthquake (7.3 级地震) hit the sea area near Hualien, Taiwan. As of April 8, the earthquake had killed 13 people and hurt more than 1,140. There had been more than 20 aftershocks (余震) of magnitude 5 or above in Hualien, as of April 10. What to do during an earthquake? Inside: Don’t stand in a doorway. You are safer under a table. Outside: Move away from buildings, trees, and gas lines. In a crowded place: Drop down onto your hands and knees, cover your head and neck, and hold on to something safe. In a theater: Stay in your seat. Protect your head and neck with your arms or any way possible. Earthquake warning People may get warnings (预警) of an earthquake before it arrives. How does this work? There are many seismometers (测震仪) in different areas. When the earth starts shaking, the machines quickly tell how strong it is and then send a warning before the earthquake waves (波) arrive in other areas farther away. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11. How does the writer begin the text? A. By giving examples. B. By telling a fairy tale. C. By asking questions. D. By making a survey. 12. What should you do when you are outside during an earthquake? A. Stand in the doorway. B. Stay under big trees. C. Search seismometers in the area. D. Move away from buildings. 13. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the passage? A. The seismometer. B. The aftershock. C. The machine. D. The earthquake. 14. Which shows the working process of earthquake warning? ① The earthquake waves (波) arrive in other areas farther away. ② Seismometers send the warning. ③ The earth starts shaking. ④ The machines quickly tell how strong it is. A. ②③①④ B. ③④①② C. ③④②① D. ③①②④ 15. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To introduce what an earthquake is. B. To tell us how serious an earthquake is. C. To explain how the earthquake warning works. D. To show us how to keep safe in an earthquake. 【答案】11. A 12. D 13. D 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了台湾花莲附近海域于4月3日早上发生了7.3级地震以及地震发生时在不同环境下应采取的安全措施，并解释了地震预警系统的工作原理。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“On the morning of April 3, a 7.3-magnitude earthquake hit the sea area near Hualien,Taiwan…”可知，作者通过举例台湾花莲附近海域发生7.3级地震来开篇。故选A。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Outside: Move away from buildings, trees, and gas lines.”可知，地震时在外面时应该远离建筑物。故选D。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“When the earth starts shaking,the machines quickly tell how strong it is and then send a warning before the earthquake waves arrive in other areas farther away.”可知，当地球开始震动时，机器会迅速判断地震的强度，然后在地震波到达更远的其他地区之前发出警报，因此it指的是地震。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“When the earth starts shaking,the machines quickly tell how strong it is and then send a warning before the earthquake waves arrive in other areas farther away.”可知，当地球开始震动时，机器会迅速判断地震的强度，然后在地震波到达更远的其他地区之前发出警报，因此③④②①符合题意。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“What to do during an earthquake?”以及结合全文内容可知，文章主要向我们展示如何在地震中保持安全。故选D。 Everyone may have the influence (影响) of worries. ____16____ Whether your worries are big or small, you can take the following advice to deal with your worries: Try to find out what you’re worried about ____17____ Other times, you might not. Try to find it out first; if you can’t, you can’t ask for help. Think of ways to make it better There is always something you can do to help you feel less worried. ____18____ And it won’t solve your problem. Grades at school are often top worries for kids. If you’re worried about grades, ask yourself these questions: ★Why are grades important? What do grades mean to me? ★How do I get ready for class? Do I go over my notes even when there isn’t a test? ★Do I have a good place to do my homework? ★Have I tried different ways of studying? If your worry is about a fight you had with a friend, you might write down all the things you could do. ____19____ Say sorry to him or her in person, etc. Once you have a list of things you could do, you can choose the one that gets your friend back. Ask for help When you’re worried, it can help to find someone to talk to. ____20____ 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. Sitting there worrying is no fun. B. But how do you deal with your worries? C. Write a letter to invite him or her to a music concert. D. You can ask your parents, friends, or teachers for help. E. Sometimes, you will know what you’re worried about. 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. A 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何处理担忧和焦虑。 【16题详解】 根据“you can take these three steps to deal with your worries”（你可以采取这三个步骤来处理你担忧）可知，此处提出如何处理忧虑。选项B“但是你如何处理你的烦恼呢？”符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据“Other times, you might not. Try to find it out first; if you can’t, you can’t ask for help.”可推出，有的时候知道自己在担心什么，有的时候不知道。选项E“有时候，你会知道你在担心什么。”符合语境。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据“There is always something you can do to help you feel less worried.”（总有一些事情可以帮助你减轻忧虑。）以及“And it won’t solve your problem.”（这也解决不了你的问题。）可知，此处提出了不能解决问题的行为。选项A“坐在那里担心很无趣。”符合语境。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据“If your worry is about a fight you had with a friend, you might write down all the things you could do.”和“Say sorry to him or her in person, etc.”可知，若和朋友吵架了，邀请对方出来见面道歉。选项C“写一张便条邀请他或她去听音乐会。”符合语境。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据小标题“Ask for help”可知，找个人谈一谈。选项D“你可以向你的父母、朋友或老师寻求帮助。”符合语境。故选D。 三、完形填空 先通读短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 Once upon a time a daughter told her father that her life was terrible and that she didn’t know how she was going to make it. She was ___21___ of fighting and working hard all the time. It seemed just as one ___22___ was solved, another one soon followed. Her father, a cook, took her to the kitchen. He___23___ three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. Once the three pots began to boil (沸腾), he placed potatoes in one pot, ___24___ in the second pot and coffee beans in the third pot. He then let ___25___ sit and boil, without saying a word to his daughter. The daughter waited, and wondered ___26___ he was doing. After twenty ___27___ he turned off the burners. “Father, what does this mean?” she asked. He then ___28___ that the potatoes, the eggs and coffee beans had each faced the same difficulty—the boiling water. However, each one dealt with it ___29___. The potato went in strong and hard, but in boiling water, it became soft and ___30___ . The egg was easily broken, but it became hard ___31___ it was put in the boiling water. However, the coffee beans were different. After they were put into the boiling water, they ___32___ something new. “Which one are you?” he ___33___ his daughter.” When you are faced with a problem, what will you do? Are you a potato, an egg, ___34___ a coffee bean?”In life, things happen around us, things happen to us, but the only thing that truly ___35___ is how you choose to deal with it and what you make out of it. 21. A. relaxed B. tired C. excited D. surprised 22. A. question B. advice C. problem D. dream 23. A. dropped B. raised C. filled D. placed 24. A. potatoes B. eggs C. coffee D. water 25. A. them B. it C. her D. him 26. A. when B. why C. what D. how 27. A. minutes B. hours C. days D. months 28. A. invited B. reminded C. encouraged D. explained 29. A. quickly B. slowly C. differently D. suddenly 30. A. clean B. strong C. weak D. dirty 31. A. before B. after C. though D. so 32. A. met B. found C. created D. collected 33. A. looked B. left C. asked D. answered 34. A. and B. or C. but D. because 35. A. remembers B. forgets C. decides D. matters 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个女孩子向父亲述说生活的艰难，父亲通过在水中煮土豆，鸡蛋和咖啡豆的例子告诉女孩生活的样子取决于你如何对待它。 【21题详解】 句意：她厌倦了一直奋斗和努力工作。 relaxed放松的；tired厌倦的；excited激动的；surprised惊讶的。根据“ she didn’t know how she was going to make it”可知她不知道该如何应对生活中的困难，故她厌倦了一直奋斗。短语“be tired of doing sth.”意为“对……厌倦的”。故选B。 【22题详解】 句意：似乎一个问题刚解决，另一个问题就接踵而至。 question问题（提问中的）；advice建议；problem困难（特指难题）；dream梦想。根据“her life was terrible”可知她认为生活是艰难的，说明生活中有很多难题。故选C。 【23题详解】 句意：他往三个罐子里装满水，然后把每个罐子放在高高的火上。 dropped掉；raised举；筹集；filled填充；placed放置。根据短语“fill sth. with sth.”意为“用某物填充某物”可知此处是在罐子里装满水。故选C。 【24题详解】 句意：当三个锅开始沸腾时，他把土豆放在一个锅里，鸡蛋放在第二个锅里和咖啡豆放在第三个锅里。 potatoes土豆；eggs鸡蛋；coffee咖啡；water水。根据第三段“potatoes, the eggs and coffee beans had each faced the same difficulty”可知，这里共出现了三种食物，土豆，鸡蛋和咖啡豆，故在第二个罐子里放入了鸡蛋。故选B。 【25题详解】 句意：然后，他让这几个罐子放在火上煮，一句话也没对女儿说。 them他们；it它；her她；him他。根据前文中他将三种食物分别放进三个装满水的罐子里可知，他让这三个罐子在火上煮，故这里的代词应该指代三个罐子，故选A。 【26题详解】 句意：女儿等着，不知道他在干什么 when什么时候；why为什么；what什么；how如何。分析句子成分可知，what he was doing 是wonder的宾语，且在宾语从句中，what作do的宾语，能作宾语的只能是what。故选C。 【27题详解】 句意：二十分钟后，他关掉了炉子。 minutes分钟；hours小时；days天；months月。根据故事发生的情节和常识判断可知是罐子在炉子上煮了二十分钟。故选A。 【28题详解】 句意：然后他解释说，土豆、鸡蛋和咖啡豆都面临着同样的困难 invited邀请；reminded提醒；encouraged鼓励；explained解释。根据下文是对三种食物遇到的相同难题，但最终产生不同的结果的一种解释，故选D。 【29题详解】 句意：然而，他们都以不同的方式处理它。 quickly快速地；slowly慢慢地；differently不同地；suddenly突然地。根据下文中土豆在煮后变软了，鸡蛋变硬了，咖啡豆变成了不一样的东西，说明他们以不同的方式应对问题——煮。故选C。 【30题详解】 句意：土豆在进去的时候是硬的，但是在沸水中，它变得柔软。 clean干净的；strong强壮的；weak虚弱的；dirty脏的。根据“soft and”可知横线上的词应当与soft具有相近的意思。故选C。 【31题详解】 句意：鸡蛋很容易碎，但放在沸水中后就变硬了。 before在……前；after在……后；though尽管；so所以。根据前文中关于土豆的描述是被煮的前后状态对比，说明此处是对鸡蛋被沸水煮的前后对比，因此进入前是易碎的，之后变硬了。故选B。 【32题详解】 句意：当它们被放入沸水中后，它们创造了一些新的东西。 met遇到；found发现；created创造；collected收集。根据上下文可知they指的是咖啡豆，由常识判断可知咖啡豆被煮过后会变成咖啡液，故从形态上发生了变化，成为一种新的东西。故选C。 【33题详解】 句意：“你是哪一个？”他问女儿。 looked看；left离开；asked问；answered回答。根据引号中是个问题可知，他问了女儿一个问题。故选C。 【34题详解】 句意：你是土豆、鸡蛋还是咖啡豆？ and和；or或者；否则；but但是；because因为。分析句子结构可知，这里是一个选择疑问句。故用or表示“还是”，故选B。 【35题详解】 句意：在生活中，事情发生在我们周围，发生在我们身上，但唯一真正重要的是你选择如何处理它，以及你从中得到了什么。 remember记住；forget忘记；decided决定；matter有重大影响。根据上下文可知，父亲将三种不同食物的最终结果比作生活中我们处理问题的方式和态度，意在说明困难时常有，但重要的是处理方式和态度。故选D。 四、语篇填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词，并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 happy, neighbor, wake, join, class, until, can, heavy, blow, difficult Henry Bond was about 8 years old when his father died. It is ___36___ for his mother to take care of the very big family. At one time, Henry wanted a grammar book in order to ___37___ a grammar class. However, his mother ___38___ hardly afford the money to buy it. He was very troubled about it and went to bed with a ___39___ heart, thinking what he could do to get the book. As soon as he ___40___ in the morning, he found that a deep snow had fallen and the wind was___41___. He thought it must be too cold for people to clear the snow away. “Ah,” he said, “every problem has a solution.” He rose, ran to one ___42___ house and offered his services to clear the path of snow. The offer was accepted. After he had finished the work and received his pay, he went to another place for the same purpose. Then he went to another and another ___43___ he had enough money to buy the grammar book. When school began, Henry sat at his seat ___44___, ready to begin the lesson in his new book. From that time on, Henry was always the best in all his ___45___. Because he had the will, he always found the way. 【答案】36. difficult 37. join 38. could 39. heavy 40. woke 41. blowing 42. neighbor’s 43. until 44. happily 45. classes 【解析】 【导语】这篇短文主要讲述了亨利•邦德在父亲去世后，身为家中的长子，尽管家境困难，仍然坚持上学。为了参加语法课，他急需一本语法书，但母亲买不起。在一个风雪交加的早晨，亨利通过帮邻居清理积雪赚取了买书的钱。最终，他买到了书，成为了班上最优秀的学生，展现了他坚定的意志和解决问题的能力。 【36题详解】 句意:他的母亲照顾这个大家庭是很难的。根据“Henry Bond was about 8 years old when his father died.”（父亲去世时，亨利•邦德大约8岁。）结合备选词可知，他的母亲照顾这个大家庭是很难的。空格处在句中作表语，所以应填形容词，difficult“困难的”，符合题意。故填difficult。 【37题详解】 句意：有一次，亨利想要一本语法书来参加语法班。根据句意结合备选词可知，是参加语法班。join“参加”，动词。根据空前的不定式符号to可知，此处填动词原形。故填join。 【38题详解】 句意：然而，他的母亲几乎没钱买它。根据“At one time,Henry wanted a grammar book in order to join a grammar class.”（有一次，亨利想要一本语法书来参加语法班。）可知，是没钱能够买那本书。can“能够”，情态动词。根据前句中的wanted“想要”可知，该句为一般过去时，所以应用动词过去式could。故填could。 【39题详解】 句意：他对此非常烦恼，心情沉重地上床睡觉，想着他能做些什么来得到这本书。根据“his mother could hardly afford the money to buy it.”（他的母亲几乎没钱买它。）结合备选词可知，是心情很沉重。heavy“沉重的”，形容词，修饰名词heart“心”。故填heavy。 【40题详解】 句意：他早上一醒来，就发现下了一场很深的雪，还刮着风。根据“in the morning”在早上，结合备选词可知，是早上醒来。wake“醒来”，动词。根据后句中的found“发现”可知，该句为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式woke。故填woke。 【41题详解】 句意：他早上一醒来，就发现下了一场很深的雪,还刮着风。根据“wind”风，结合备选词可知，是刮着风。blow“刮”，动词。根据空前的was可知，该句为过去进行时，所以应填现在分词blowing。故填blowing。 【42题详解】 句意：他站起来，跑到一个邻居家，主动帮忙清扫路上的积雪。根据句意结合备选词可知，是去了邻居家。neighbor“邻居”，可数名词单数。结合空前的one“一个”可知，此处填名词单数形式。结合空后的名词house“房子”可知，此处填名词所有格形式。故填neighbor’s。 【43题详解】 句意：然后他去了一家又一家，直到他有足够的钱买语法书。根据句意结合备选词可知，是直到有足够的钱买语法书，until“直到”，符合题意。故填until。 【44题详解】 句意：开学时，亨利高兴地坐在座位上，准备开始他的新书的课程。根据“Then he went to another and another until he had enough money to buy the grammar book.”（然后他去了一家又一家，直到他有足够的钱买语法书。）可知，有了语法书了，所以是高兴的。happy“高兴的”，形容词。空格处在句中修饰动词sat“坐”，所以应填副词，happily“高兴地”，符合题意。故填happily。 【45题详解】 句意：从那时起，亨利总是班上最好的。根据句意结合备选词可知，是班上最好的。class“班级”，可数名词单数，结合空前的all“所有的”可知，此处填名词复数形式。故填classes。 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 A great saying always helps a lot. There ____46____ a lot of great Chinese sayings and many of them are about how to live a good life. What’s your favorite Chinese saying? Vote (投票) for your favorite saying and tell us why you like it. My favorite saying is, “To have faults (错误) and not to correct them, this, indeed, is to have faults.” I agree with the saying. For example, ____47____ took me much time to learn new words when I began learning Chinese. I didn’t want ____48____ put in the time to practice. That was my greatest weakness. So I try to correct it by finding ____49____ enjoyable way to study. Reading is really a good start. “When I have two others with me, I can always find one to be my teacher” is one of my favorites. Whenever I practice with my classmates, I will think of this great saying. I can learn a lot ____50____ others, even from the mistakes. 【答案】46. are 47. it 48. to 49. an 50. from 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些中国谚语。 【46题详解】 句意：中国有很多很棒的谚语，其中很多都是关于如何过上美好的生活。分析句子可知时态是一般现在时，且是there be句型，根据“a lot of great Chinese sayings”可知用be动词are。故填are。 【47题详解】 句意：例如，当我开始学习中文时，我花了很多时间来学习新单词。it takes sb some time to do是固定句式，故填it。 【48题详解】 句意：我不想花时间练习。want to do sth想做某事，固定用法。故填to。 【49题详解】 句意：因此，我试图通过寻找一种愉快的学习方式来纠正这种情况。泛指一种情况，需用不定冠词。enjoyable是以元音音素开头。故填an。 【50题详解】 句意：我可以从别人那里学到很多，甚至从错误中学习。learn from sb.向某人学习，固定用法。故填from。 补全对话 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hi, this is Wang Ping. I called you last night. But you didn’t answer. ________51________? B: Oh! I have had a bad flu. A: Sorry to hear that. You have the same condition as me. ________52________? B: Yes, I have. My temperature is normal and I’m feeling much better now. By the way, ________53________? A: I called you to ask something about how to help the old people. As you know, I will volunteer at the old people’s home next week. B: Many ways. ________54________. You could also tell them stories. A: Your ideas sound great. You can drink more water and I’m sure you will get well soon. B: ________55________. I hope so. 【答案】51. What’s the matter 52. Have you taken your temperature 53. why did you call me 54. You could read newspapers to the old people 55. Thanks a lot 【解析】 【导语】本文是王平和朋友间的一段对话。 【51题详解】 根据“Oh! I have had a bad flu.”可知，此处是在询问对方怎么了。故填What’s the matter。 【52题详解】 根据“Yes, I have. My temperature is normal and I’m feeling much better now.”可知，此处是在询问对方有没有测量体温。故填Have you taken your temperature。 【53题详解】 根据“I called you to ask something about how to help the old people.”可知，此处是在询问对方打电话给自己的原因。故填why did you call me。 【54题详解】 根据“You could also tell them stories.”可知，此处是在建议给老年人读报纸。故填You could read newspapers to the old people。 【55题详解】 根据“You can drink more water and I’m sure you will get well soon.”可知，此处是对对方的关心表示感谢。故填Thanks a lot。 六、书面表达 56. 生命在于运动。鹤壁市作为“匹克球之城”将要举办国际匹克球表演赛，进一步促进匹克球运动的推广和普及。为更好地服务来自世界各地的运动员及游客，该市某英语网站正在举办“匹克球运动志愿者招募”活动。假如你是李华，根据以下提示信息，写一篇英语自荐信，向网站投稿。 1.提示要点： ①What are your interests and hobbies? ②How can these help you to do the job? ③Why do you want to do the volunteer job? ④When are you free to do the job? 2.要求： ①文中不要出现所在学校的校名和师生姓名； ②词数100 左右。 3.参考词汇：匹克球 pickleball Dear Sir or Madam __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, 【答案】例文 Dear Sir or Madam, My name is Li Hua. I am an open and helpful person. I’d like to volunteer in this project. I am very interested in sports, especially football. I’m on the school football team. My English is also very good, I can communicate with foreigners fluently in English. I can better serve athletes and visitors from all over the world. I can show them the way and explain something about pickleball. I can also improve my English and make more friends. So I think I’m very suitable for this job. I have time all summer. I look forward to becoming a volunteer and hearing from you. Yours truly, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏题目中的要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍你的兴趣和爱好； 第二步，具体阐述你的兴趣爱好对你的工作有什么帮助； 第三步，介绍想做志愿者工作的原因及什么时候有空做这项工作。 [亮点词汇] ①be interested in 对……感兴趣 ②communicate with sb与某人沟通 ③all over the world全世界 ④look forward to期待 [高分句型] ①So I think I’m very suitable for this job.(宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 河南省鹤壁市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷(解析版) 二、阅读理解 阅读下面四篇语言材料,然后按文后要求做题。 Short Story Competition For Daventry Art Festival Are you a budding writer? One of the competitions that will be running for the Art Festival is a short story competition.There are only two rules to follow: •The story must be no more than 500 words •The story must be about Daventry Town The competition will be judged by a local author,Mark Robson. Works must be handed in no later than 1st September, 2024, through the following two ways: Email: events@daventrytowncouncil.gov.uk. Post: Daventry Town Council, 3 New Street, Daventry, NN11 4 BT. There are three groups and prizes: •Age 5—9: $35 and a book card •Age 10—14: $45 and a book card •Age 15—18: $60 and a book card Winners will have their story published on Daventry Town Council’s website. Please make sure that your work has included your name, telephone number, word count and age. Any works that do not provide the above information will not be accepted. For more information email events@daventrytowncouncil.gov.uk 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. If you want to hand in your story what should you do? A. Call the local author, Mark Robson. B. Email events@daventrytowncouncil.gov.uk. C. Hand in the story on Daventry Town Council’s website. D. Hand in the story to the organizer of Daventry Arts Festival in person (当面). 2. What prize could Lucy, an 11-year-old girl, get if she wins the competition? A. $ 5 and a book card. B. $ 35 and a book card. C. $ 45 and a book card. D. $ 60 and a book card. 3. What might be the reason why Alan failed to take part in the competition? A He handed in his work on August 15th. B. He described Daventry Town in his story. C. There were more than 500 words in his story. D. His work included his name, telephone number, word count and age. 4. Who is the text written for? A. Children. B. Teachers. C. Workers. D. Parents. 5. Where is the text most probably from? A. A newspaper. B. A travel guide. C. A computer book. D. A science report. Harry and Annie lived a mile from town, but they went there to school every day. It was a pleasant walk by the pond (池塘). They felt like that they were travelers walking in a new country and would drop leaves on the road so that they might find their way back again. When the ice was thick,they walked across the pond. But their mother did not like that they walked across the ice unless someone was with them. “Don’t go across the pond today,children,” she said as she kissed them and said goodbye one morning, “it is beginning to thaw.” “All right, mother,” said Harry, not very happily because he liked running and sliding (滑行) on the ice. When they came to the pond, the ice looked hard and safe. “There,” he said to his sister, “I knew it hadn’t thawed any. Mother is always afraid we will drown (淹死). Come along, we will have a good time sliding. The school bell will not ring for an hour at least.” “But you promised mother,” said Annie. “No, I didn’t.” I only said, “All right, and it is all right.” “I didn’t say anything, so I can do as I like,” said Annie. So they stepped on the ice, and started to go across the pond. They had not gone far before the ice gave way, and they fell into the water. A man who was at work near the bank heard the shout of the children and jumped into the water to save them. Harry got to the bank without any help, but poor Annie nearly drowned before the man could reach her. Harry went home and told his mother how disobedient (不服从的) he had been. He remembered the lesson he learned that day as long as he lived. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 6. Why did Harry and Annie drop leaves on the road? A. Because they were asked to do that. B. Because they were afraid of getting lost. C. Because they wanted to walk on the leaves in a new country. D. Because they enjoyed playing with the leaves in summer. 7. What does the underlined word “thaw” mean in Chinese in the second paragraph? A. 融化 B. 冻结 C. 变干 D. 变湿 8. Why did Harry and Annie go across the pond on that day? A. Because they would be late for class. B. Because the ice looked safe and hard. C. Because a man was walking with them. D. Because they promised that to their mother. 9. How might Harry feel about his mother at last? A. Proud but afraid. B. Angry and sad. C. Surprised and disobedient. D. Sorry but thankful. 10. What can we learn from the story? A. Helping others is helping ourselves. B. An old man’s saying is seldom untrue. C. Honesty is the best policy in communication. D. Love and kindness make the society a better place. On the morning of April 3, a 7.3-magnitude earthquake (7.3 级地震) hit the sea area near Hualien, Taiwan. As of April 8, the earthquake had killed 13 people and hurt more than 1,140. There had been more than 20 aftershocks (余震) of magnitude 5 or above in Hualien, as of April 10. What to do during an earthquake? Inside: Don’t stand in a doorway. You are safer under a table. Outside: Move away from buildings, trees, and gas lines. In a crowded place: Drop down onto your hands and knees, cover your head and neck, and hold on to something safe. In a theater: Stay in your seat. Protect your head and neck with your arms or any way possible. Earthquake warning People may get warnings (预警) of an earthquake before it arrives. How does this work? There are many seismometers (测震仪) in different areas. When the earth starts shaking, the machines quickly tell how strong it is and then send a warning before the earthquake waves (波) arrive in other areas farther away. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11 How does the writer begin the text? A. By giving examples. B. By telling a fairy tale. C. By asking questions. D. By making a survey. 12. What should you do when you are outside during an earthquake? A. Stand in the doorway. B. Stay under big trees. C. Search seismometers in the area. D. Move away from buildings. 13. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the passage? A. The seismometer. B. The aftershock. C. The machine. D. The earthquake. 14. Which shows the working process of earthquake warning? ① The earthquake waves (波) arrive in other areas farther away. ② Seismometers send the warning. ③ The earth starts shaking. ④ The machines quickly tell how strong it is. A. ②③①④ B. ③④①② C. ③④②① D. ③①②④ 15. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To introduce what an earthquake is. B. To tell us how serious an earthquake is. C. To explain how the earthquake warning works. D. To show us how to keep safe in an earthquake. Everyone may have the influence (影响) of worries. ____16____ Whether your worries are big or small, you can take the following advice to deal with your worries: Try to find out what you’re worried about ____17____ Other times, you might not. Try to find it out first; if you can’t, you can’t ask for help. Think of ways to make it better There is always something you can do to help you feel less worried. ____18____ And it won’t solve your problem. Grades at school are often top worries for kids. If you’re worried about grades, ask yourself these questions: ★Why are grades important? What do grades mean to me? ★How do I get ready for class? Do I go over my notes even when there isn’t a test? ★Do I have a good place to do my homework? ★Have I tried different ways of studying? If your worry is about a fight you had with a friend, you might write down all the things you could do. ____19____ Say sorry to him or her in person, etc. Once you have a list of things you could do, you can choose the one that gets your friend back. Ask for help When you’re worried, it can help to find someone to talk to. ____20____ 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. Sitting there worrying is no fun. B But how do you deal with your worries? C. Write a letter to invite him or her to a music concert. D. You can ask your parents, friends, or teachers for help. E. Sometimes, you will know what you’re worried about. 三、完形填空 先通读短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 Once upon a time a daughter told her father that her life was terrible and that she didn’t know how she was going to make it. She was ___21___ of fighting and working hard all the time. It seemed just as one ___22___ was solved, another one soon followed. Her father, a cook, took her to the kitchen. He___23___ three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. Once the three pots began to boil (沸腾), he placed potatoes in one pot, ___24___ in the second pot and coffee beans in the third pot. He then let ___25___ sit and boil, without saying a word to his daughter. The daughter waited, and wondered ___26___ he was doing. After twenty ___27___ he turned off the burners. “Father, what does this mean?” she asked. He then ___28___ that the potatoes, the eggs and coffee beans had each faced the same difficulty—the boiling water. However, each one dealt with it ___29___. The potato went in strong and hard, but in boiling water, it became soft and ___30___ . The egg was easily broken, but it became hard ___31___ it was put in the boiling water. However, the coffee beans were different. After they were put into the boiling water, they ___32___ something new. “Which one are you?” he ___33___ his daughter.” When you are faced with a problem, what will you do? Are you a potato, an egg, ___34___ a coffee bean?”In life, things happen around us, things happen to us, but the only thing that truly ___35___ is how you choose to deal with it and what you make out of it. 21. A. relaxed B. tired C. excited D. surprised 22. A. question B. advice C. problem D. dream 23. A. dropped B. raised C. filled D. placed 24. A. potatoes B. eggs C. coffee D. water 25. A. them B. it C. her D. him 26. A. when B. why C. what D. how 27. A. minutes B. hours C. days D. months 28 A. invited B. reminded C. encouraged D. explained 29. A. quickly B. slowly C. differently D. suddenly 30. A. clean B. strong C. weak D. dirty 31. A. before B. after C. though D. so 32. A. met B. found C. created D. collected 33. A. looked B. left C. asked D. answered 34. A. and B. or C. but D. because 35. A. remembers B. forgets C. decides D. matters 四、语篇填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词，并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 happy, neighbor, wake, join, class, until, can, heavy, blow, difficult Henry Bond was about 8 years old when his father died. It is ___36___ for his mother to take care of the very big family. At one time, Henry wanted a grammar book in order to ___37___ a grammar class. However, his mother ___38___ hardly afford the money to buy it. He was very troubled about it and went to bed with a ___39___ heart, thinking what he could do to get the book. As soon as he ___40___ in the morning, he found that a deep snow had fallen and the wind was___41___. He thought it must be too cold for people to clear the snow away. “Ah,” he said, “every problem has a solution.” He rose, ran to one ___42___ house and offered his services to clear the path of snow. The offer was accepted. After he had finished the work and received his pay, he went to another place for the same purpose. Then he went to another and another ___43___ he had enough money to buy the grammar book. When school began, Henry sat at his seat ___44___, ready to begin the lesson in his new book. From that time on, Henry was always the best in all his ___45___. Because he had the will, he always found the way. 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 A great saying always helps a lot. There ____46____ a lot of great Chinese sayings and many of them are about how to live a good life. What’s your favorite Chinese saying? Vote (投票) for your favorite saying and tell us why you like it. My favorite saying is, “To have faults (错误) and not to correct them, this, indeed, is to have faults.” I agree with the saying. For example, ____47____ took me much time to learn new words when I began learning Chinese. I didn’t want ____48____ put in the time to practice. That was my greatest weakness. So I try to correct it by finding ____49____ enjoyable way to study. Reading is really a good start. “When I have two others with me, I can always find one to be my teacher” is one of my favorites. Whenever I practice with my classmates, I will think of this great saying. I can learn a lot ____50____ others, even from the mistakes. 补全对话 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hi, this is Wang Ping. I called you last night. But you didn’t answer. ________51________? B: Oh! I have had a bad flu. A: Sorry to hear that. You have the same condition as me. ________52________? B: Yes, I have. My temperature is normal and I’m feeling much better now. By the way, ________53________? A: I called you to ask something about how to help the old people. As you know, I will volunteer at the old people’s home next week. B: Many ways. ________54________. You could also tell them stories. A: Your ideas sound great. You can drink more water and I’m sure you will get well soon. B: ________55________. I hope so. 六、书面表达 56. 生命在于运动。鹤壁市作为“匹克球之城”将要举办国际匹克球表演赛，进一步促进匹克球运动的推广和普及。为更好地服务来自世界各地的运动员及游客，该市某英语网站正在举办“匹克球运动志愿者招募”活动。假如你是李华，根据以下提示信息，写一篇英语自荐信，向网站投稿。 1.提示要点： ①What are your interests and hobbies? ②How can these help you to do the job? ③Why do you want to do the volunteer job? ④When are you free to do the job? 2.要求： ①文中不要出现所在学校的校名和师生姓名； ②词数100 左右。 3.参考词汇：匹克球 pickleball Dear Sir or Madam, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$