精品解析：湖南省岳阳市湘阴县2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

湘阴县2024年上期普通高中教学质量监测 高一英语 满分：150分 时量：120分钟 考生注意： 1.答题前务必将自己的姓名、准考证号与校名填写在答题卷的相应位置。 2.所有答案都必须转填在答题卷上，考试结束后只交答题卷。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When does the man suggest going to the zoo? A. At 7:00 a. m. B. At 10:00 a. m. C. At 11:00 a. m. 2. What is the woman going to do next? A. Dial a number. B. Hang out with John. C. Write her term paper. 3. Who is Rachael? A. The man's boss. B. The man's wife. C. A salesperson. 4. What are the speakers discussing? A. When to go to the park. B. Who should play on the swing first. C. Where the woman's key might be. 5. What does the woman think of Tom's words? A. Inspiring. B. Boring. C. Untrue. 第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What kind of ice cream appeals to the woman? A. The one with garlic in it. B. The one with chocolate in it. C. The one with nuts in it. 7. What are the speakers likely to do? A. Pick out some desserts. B. Go on a business trip. C. Choose some ingredients. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the boy do before the conversation? A. He watched TV. B. He went for a walk. C. He did his homework. 9. What does the woman want the boy to do? A. Get changed. B. Carry an umbrella. C. Eat more vegetables. 10. How does the woman sound in the end? A. Understanding. B. Angry. C. Tired. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What was James doing while waiting for Cindy? A. Exploring the fishing spot. B. Looking for some equipment. C. Singing a song. 12. Where does James usually go fishing? A. By the lake. B. By the river. C. On the sea. 13. What does James ask Cindy to do? A. Get a license. B. Stop talking. C. Rent a boat. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where did the man first work? A. In Australia. B. In the UK. C. In the USA. 15. Why did the man come back to China? A. He wanted to keep his family company. B He got a position at a famous university. C. He intended to pursue higher education. 16. Which of the following languages is the man fluent in? A. Arabic. B. Spanish. C. Portuguese. 17. What is the man's third strength? A. He is good at teamwork. B. He can speak six foreign languages. C. He is flexible in his teaching methods. 听第10段材料，回答第18至 20题。 18. How many types of pillow materials are mentioned at first? A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. 19. Why did Sima Guang use the pillow based on historical records? A. To make himself fall asleep quickly. B. To remind him to study. C. To place his books. 20. Who made the headrest for Cao Cao? A. Cao Cao himself. B. Cao Cao's mother. C. Cao Cao's servant. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Sharon, Aged 22 The most important thing to keep in mind when going into high school is to be yourself. Besides, I don’t know what your middle school was like, but high school teachers will not care about things such as how much homework you already have in one night. It’s best to just learn to deal with things and manage your time wisely so you can achieve everything you need. Frank, Aged 21 I think almost every kid feels both nervous and excited before their first day. You will probably love it. I know I did. You should join in some sports or activities that will make your high school experience more enjoyable. Good luck！ Eddie, Aged 20 When I started high school I was really nervous too, especially since I had been home-schooled all through middle school and didn’t really know anyone, I suppose the best advice would be to just relax. The first couple of days can be a little bit hard, but things will become easier after you know it. David, Aged 19 I’m not going to lie. The first day is kind of frightening. But you’ll get used to it. Don’t be afraid of anyone; upperclassmen will pick on you more if you let them know you’re afraid. Just take it easy. Making some friends and staying with them will greatly help you get used to high school quickly. After the first week it’s really not bad at all. Don’t worry. 1. What can we infer from Sharon about high school? A. Teachers are quite strict. B. Students often stay up at night. C. Teachers provide little care for students. D. Students should make good use of their time. 2. How did Eddie feel on his first day of high school? A. Excited B. Bored. C. Worried. D. Relaxed. 3. Who mentions the importance of friends? A. Frank. B. David. C. Sharon. D. Eddie. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要通过几个高中生的真实经历来讲述如何快速适应高中生活。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“It’s best to just learn to deal with things and manage your time wisely so you can achieve everything you need to. (最好是学会聪明地处理事情和管理你的时间，这样你就可以完成你需要做的一切。)”可知，Sharon认为学生们应该好好地利用自己的时间。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“When I started high school I was really nervous too, especially since I had been home-schooled all through middle school and didn’t really know anyone (当我刚进高中时，我也非常紧张，尤其是因为我整个初中都是在家里接受教育，我不认识任何人)”可知，Eddie刚进高中的时候感到很焦虑紧张。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第六句“Making some friends and staying with them will greatly help you get used to high school quickly. (交一些朋友，和他们呆在一起会大大帮助你很快适应高中生活。)”可知，David提到了朋友。故选B项。 B “Creativity is the key to a brighter future,” say education and business experts. Here is how schools and parents can encourage this important skill in children. If Dick Drew had listened to his boss in 1925, we might not have the product that we now think greatly important: a new type of tape. Drew worked for the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company. At work he developed a kind of material strong enough to hold things together. But his boss told him not to think more about the idea. Finally, using his own time, Drew improved the tape, which now is used everywhere by many people. And his former company learned from its mistake. Now it encourages people to spend 15 percent of their working time just thinking about and developing new ideas. Creativity is not something one is just born with, nor is it necessarily a character of high intelligence. The fact that a person is highly intelligent does not mean that he uses it creatively. Creativity is the matter of using the resources one has to produce new ideas that are good for something. Unfortunately, schools have not tried to encourage creativity. With strong attention to test results and the development of reading, writing and mathematical skills, many educators give up creativity for correct answers. The result is that children can gain information but can’t recognize ways to use it in new situations. They may know the rules correctly but they are unable to use them to work out practical problems. It is important to give children choices. From the earliest age, children should be allowed to make decisions and understand their results. Even if it’s choosing between two food items for lunch, decision-making helps thinking skills. As children grow older, parents should try to let them decide how to use their time or spend their money. This is because the most important character of creative people is a very strong desire to find a way out of trouble. 4. What did the company where Drew once worked learn from its mistake? A. It should encourage people to work a longer time. B. People should be discouraged to think freely. C. People will do better if they pay all attention to their work. D. It is necessary for people to spend some of their working time developing new ideas. 5. What can we know from the passage about creativity? A. It is something that most people are born with. B. It is something that has nothing to do with intelligence at all. C. It is a way of using what one has learned to work out new problems. D. It is something that is not important to the life in the future at all. 6. Why don’t schools try to encourage creativity? A. They don’t attach importance to creativity education. B. They don’t want their students to make mistakes. C. They pay no attention to examination marks. D. They think it impossible to develop creativity in class. 7. What should the parents do when their children decide how to spend their money? A. Allow them to have a try. B. Try to help them as much as possible. C. Take no notice of whatever they do. D. Order them to spend the least money. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲的是创造力是拥有一个更光明的未来的关键，它并非是人与生俱来的，需要后天的培养。不幸的是，学校对创造力的培养并不重视。学校和父母应该重视对创造力的培养。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“And his former company learned from its mistake. Now it encourages people to spend 15 percent of their working time just thinking about and developing new ideas.(他的前公司从错误中吸取了教训。现在，它鼓励人们把15%的工作时间花在思考和发展新想法上。)”可知，Drew的前公司从错误中吸取了教训，认为花时间思考和开发新的想法是很有必要的。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Creativity is the matter of using the resources one has to produce new ideas that are good for something.(创造力是指利用所拥有的资源来产生对某事有益的新想法。)”可知，创造力是一种利用所学知识来解决新问题的方法。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“With strong attention to test results and the development of reading, writing and mathematical skills, many educators give up creativity for correct answers.(随着对考试结果的高度关注以及阅读、写作和数学技能的发展，许多教育工作者放弃了寻找正确答案的创造力。)”可知，许多教育工作者并不重视创造力教育。故选A项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As children grow older, parents should try to let them decide how to use their time or spend their money. (随着孩子年龄的增长，父母应该试着让他们决定如何利用时间或花钱。)”可知，父母应该试着让孩子自己决定如何利用他们的时间或花钱。故选A项。 C New research suggests that even a simple exercise program might help older people with light memory problems. Doctors have long advised patients to do physical activity to help keep their brains healthy. But the U. S. government-supported research marks the longest study of whether exercise makes any difference once memory starts to decline (衰退). Researchers found around 300 inactive older adults with memory changes called mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (轻度认知障碍). In the research, the participants were divided into two groups and half of them did aerobic (有氧的) exercise, while the rest did stretching and balance movements that raised their heart rates a little. After a year, testing of mental activity showed neither group had worsened, according to lead researcher Laura Baker of Wake Forest University School of Medicine. By comparison, similar MCI patients in another long-term study of brain health-but without exercise-experienced cognitive decline over a year. Maria Carrillo is the chief scientific officer of the Alzheimer’s Association. She said earlier research found regular physical activity of any kind may reduce damaging inflammation (炎症) and increase blood flow to the brain. She added that the new study is especially interesting because the pandemic (流行的) began halfway through the study. That meant the study participants became socially isolated. Social isolation has long been known to increase people’s risk of memory problems. It is a difficult time for dementia (痴呆) research. Doctors are not sure about prescribing (开处方) a high-priced new drug called Aduhelm. The drug is supposed to be the first to slow the progression of dementia but it is not yet clear if it really helps patients. Researchers reported another drug that works similarly failed in an important study. There is growing urgency (紧急) to find whether exercise can offer at least some protection. Baker will lead an even larger study of older adults to see if adding exercise to other steps such as a healthy diet, brain games and social activities can reduce the risk of dementia. 8. What does the new study focus on? A. Ways to slow the aging process. B. Effective medicines for elders with MCI. C. The influence of exercise on elders’ memory. D. The causes of declining memory in older adults. 9. In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design? A. The diet plan. B. The exercise type. C The professional background D. Previous physical condition. 10. What does the underlined word “That” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. The outbreak of the pandemic. B. The reduction of damaging inflammation. C. The increase in memory problems. D. Social isolation. 11. What will Baker do next according to the text? A. Find out how to lower the price of Aduhelm. B. Develop a new drug to help patients with brain diseases. C. Organize a wide variety of social activities for older people. D. Conduct further research on how to reduce the risk of dementia. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文，该研究表明即使是简单的运动计划也可能帮助有轻度记忆问题的老年人。这项研究是美国政府支持的，是迄今为止关于运动是否对已经开始衰退的记忆有影响的最长研究。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子“New research suggests that even a simple exercise program might help older people with light memory problems. (新研究表明，即使是简单的运动计划也可能帮助有轻微记忆问题的老年人。)”可知，新的研究关注的是运动对老年人记忆的影响。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“In the research, the participants were divided into two groups and half of them did aerobic (有氧的) exercise, while the rest did stretching and balance movements that raised their heart rates a little. (在这项研究中，参与者被分成两组，其中一半人进行了有氧运动，而另一半人则进行了一些轻微提高心率的伸展和平衡运动。)”可知，两组在运动类型上有所不同。故选B项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。第三段中的“that”指代的是上文提到的“the pandemic began halfway through the study (疫情在研究进行到一半时开始了)”，即疫情的爆发。故选A项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“Baker will lead an even larger study of older adults to see if adding exercise to other steps such as a healthy diet, brain games and social activities can reduce the risk of dementia. (贝克将领导一项更大规模的针对老年人的研究，以查看是否通过增加运动以及其他措施，如健康饮食、大脑游戏和社交活动，可以降低患痴呆症的风险。)”可知，Baker将领导一个更大型的研究，以查看是否通过增加运动和其他步骤，如健康饮食、大脑游戏和社交活动，可以减少患痴呆症的风险。故选D项。 D Surfing the Internet for fun will make you a better employee, according to an Australian study. The University of Melbourne study shows that people who use the Internet for their own reasons at work are about 9 percent more productive than those who do not. Study author Brent Coker said, “Surfing the Internet at times helps increase an employee’s attention.” “People need to relax for a bit to get back their attention,” Coker said on the university’s website. “Having a short break, such as a quick surfing on the Internet, helps the mind to rest itself, and as a result, increases productivity ,” he said. According to the study of 300 workers,70 percent of people who use the Internet at work surf the Internet for their own reasons during office hours. Among the most popular surfing activities are searching for information about products, reading online news, playing online games and watching videos. “Firms spend a lot of money on software to block their employees from watching videos, using social networking sites or shopping online,” said Coker. “That’s not always a good idea.” However, Coker said the study looked at people who surfed the Internet in moderation (适度),or were on the Internet for less than 20 percent of their total time in the office. “Those who spend too much time surfing the Internet will have a lower productivity than those without,” he said. 12. What does the University of Melbourne study mainly show? A. People who surf the Internet are good employees. B. Not everyone surfs the Internet for fun during office hours. C. Surfing the Internet for fun during office hours increases productivity. D. The Internet is becoming more and more important in people’s life. 13. What would Brent Coker most probably agree according to paragraph 3? A. The longer a person’s mind rests,the better attention he will have. B. Surfing the Internet is the best way to increase productivity. C. Workers should have a long break during office hours. D. Workers should let their minds rest now and then. 14. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as one of the most popular surfing activities? A. Watching videos. B. Reading online news. C. Reading online novels. D. Playing online games. 15. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Spending too much time surfing the Internet reduces productivity. B. Those who never surf the Internet have the lowest productivity. C. Most people don’t surf the Internet in moderation during office hours. D. People should spend as little time as possible surfing the Internet. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚的一项研究，发现上网寻找乐趣会让你成为一个更好的员工。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The University of Melbourne study shows that people who use the Internet for their own reasons at work are about 9 percent more productive than those who do not.”（墨尔本大学的这项研究表明，在工作中出于个人原因上网的人比不上网的人的工作效率高出9%左右）可知，墨尔本大学的研究主要表明在办公时间上网消遣可以提高员工的工作效率。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Having a short break, such as a quick surfing of the Internet, helps the mind to rest itself, and as a result, increases productivity”（短暂休息一下，比如快速浏览一下互联网，可以帮助大脑休息一下，从而提高工作效率）可知，Brent Coker认为工人们应该时不时地让他们的大脑休息一下，这样他们的工作效率才会提高。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Among the most popular surfing activities are searching for information about products, reading online news, playing online games and watching videos.”（最受欢迎的上网活动包括搜索产品信息、阅读在线新闻、玩网络游戏和看视频。）可知，在文章中没有提到在线阅读小说是最受欢迎的上网活动之一。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中最后一句“Those who spend too much time surfing the Internet will have a lower productivity than those without”（那些花太多时间上网的人的工作效率会比不上网的人低）可知, 那些花太多时间上网会降低工作效率会低。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the spring and summer months, thunderstorms are common. ___16___. However, in thunderstorms, lightning can strike people and buildings and is very dangerous. It was reported that a man was struck by lightning when he was making a phone call under a tree. He died at once. You may not know it, but nearly 1,800 thunderstorms are happening at any moment around the world.___17___. So what should you do during a lightning storm? Scientists say that a person’s chances of being struck by lightning are 1 in 600,000. ___18___. If you are indoors during a thunderstorm: ·Stay away from anything that is metal because lightning can come into the house through it. ·Don’t stand near the windows. ·Don’t take a shower or bath. Lightning can travel through water. ·Never use the phone.___19___. If you are caught in a thunderstorm outdoors: ·___20___. If there’s no building around, try to find a low place to stay in. ·Do not go under a tree because the lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you. ·Never use a cell phone. A. Actually, many people are killed by lightning every year B. Try to get home as soon as possible C. Since they happen often some people don’t take them seriously D. Go into a nearby building or car right away E. Lightning could travel through the phone line and hit you F. But it is very important for us to learn about lightning G. Fortunately, you can reduce those chances by following these safety rules 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何避免遭受雷击的一些安全措施。 【16题详解】 根据上文“In the spring and summer months, thunderstorms are common.”（在春季和夏季，雷暴是很常见的。）可知，空处与上文形成因果关系，既然经常会发生雷雨，人们可能不会认真对待这件事。C项：Since they happen often, some people don’t take them seriously（因为它们经常发生，所以有些人不把它们当回事）符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“It was reported that a man was struck by lightning when he was making a phone call under a tree. He died at once. You may not know it, but nearly 1,800 thunderstorms are happening at any moment around the world.”（据报道，一个男人在树下打电话时被闪电击中。他立刻死了。你可能不知道，世界各地每时每刻都有近1800场雷暴发生。任何人。）可知，每年都会有人死于雷击。A项：Actually, many people are killed by lightning every year（事实上，每年都有很多人死于雷击）符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据上文“So what should you do during a lightning storm?”（那么在雷暴中你应该做什么呢？）可知，此处表示有应对方法。G项：Fortunately, you can reduce those chances by following these safety rules（幸运的是，你可以通过遵循这些安全规则来减少这样的机会。）符合语境。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Never use the phone.”（千万不要用电话。）可知，空处和“phone”有关。E项：Lightning could travel through the phone line and hit you（闪电可以穿过电话线打到你）符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据下文“If there’s no building around, try to find a low place to stay in.”（如果周围没有建筑，试着找一个低的地方待着）可知，下文提到了没有建筑的情况，由此推知空处应提到周围有建筑的情况。“building”是关键词。D项：Go into a nearby building or car right away（立即进入附近的建筑物或汽车）符合语境。故选D。 第三部分 语言知识运动(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic(满腔热忱的) musician. He once said that if he hadn’t been a scientist, he would have been a ____21____. “Life without playing music is unthinkable for me,” he said. “I get most ____22____ in life out of music.” Einstein’s mother was a talented pianist who ____23____ music to life in the family home. Einstein began to learn the ____24____ at the age of six, however, he worked hard until he ____25____ the joys of Mozart’s sonatas(奏鸣曲) at the age of 13. From that ____26____ on, although he had no further lessons, his violin ____27____ his companion（伴侣）. When Einstein moved to Aarau in Switzerland in 1895 to complete his schooling, he seemed to have ____28____ much of his time to music. Just before his 17th birthday, Einstein played at the music ____29____ in the school, the examiner reported that “a student called Einstein shone in the _____30_____ felt performance of one of the Beethoven sonatas”. In addition to his great _____31_____ in playing the violin, he also played the piano and, _____32_____, loved to improvise（即兴创作）. In late life, Einstein’s reputation(声誉) as a physicist often led to _____33_____ to perform at benefit concerts, which he generally accepted happily. Probably the _____34_____ of the violinist Einstein that comes nearest to the mark comes from his friend Janos Plesch,who wrote “There are many musicians with much _____35_____ skills, but none, I believe, who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.” 21. A. physician B. musician C. politician D. reporter 22. A. joy B. money C. idea D. energy 23. A. played B. sent C. create D. brought 24. A. violin B. piano C. knowledge D. game 25. A. loved B. tracked C. discovered D. confirmed 26. A. location B. space C. access D. point 27. A. turned B. remained C. appeared D. seemed 28. A. devoted B. spent C. lost D. wasted 29. A. performance B. presentation C. exhibition D. examination 30. A. hardly B. deeply C. carelessly D. honestly 31. A. skill B. patience C. care D. courage 32. A. after all B. in particular C. at large D. by accident 33. A. contributions B. applications C. invitations D. prizes 34. A. reaction B. destination C. summary D. instruction 35. A. broader B. funnier C. wilder D. better 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述科学家爱因斯坦还是一名有天赋的音乐家，讲述他对音乐的热爱以及音乐技巧的高超。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他曾经说过，如果他不是一个科学家，他可能会成为一个音乐家。A. physician内科医生；B. musician音乐家；C. politician政治家；D. reporter记者。根据上文“Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic(满腔热忱的) musician.”可知，应该是音乐家，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐是我生活中最大的乐趣。A. joy乐趣；B. money钱；C. idea想法；D. energy精力。根据上文“Life without playing music is unthinkable for me”，可推断音乐是我生活中最大的乐趣。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱因斯坦的母亲是一位才华横溢的钢琴家，她把音乐带给了家庭生活。A. played演奏；B. sent派遣；C. create创造；D. brought带来。根据上文“Einstein’s mother was a talented pianist”，可知是爱因斯坦的母亲把音乐带到了家庭生活中，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱因斯坦在六岁时开始学习小提琴，然而，他努力学习，直到他在13岁的时候发现莫扎特奏鸣曲的乐趣。A. violin小提琴；B. piano钢琴；C. knowledge知识；D. game游戏。根据下文“although he had no further lessons, his violin ____7____ his companion（伴侣）.” 可知，本句中应是小提琴，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. loved热爱；B. tracked跟踪；C. discovered发现；D. confirmed确认。同前文中音乐是他生活中最大的乐趣相呼应，所以发现乐趣符合语境，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，尽管他没有再上小提琴课，但他的小提琴一直陪伴着他。A. location位置；B. space空间；C. access入口；D. point时刻。根据上文“until he ____5____ the joys of Mozart’s sonatas(奏鸣曲) at the age of 13.”，可知是从那个时刻起，小提琴一直陪伴他，故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. turned变成；B. remained保持；C. appeared出现；D. seemed似乎。根据上文“although he had no further lessons”，可知上下文是转折关系，所以是他的小提琴一直陪伴着他。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1895年，爱因斯坦搬到瑞士阿劳完成学业，他似乎在音乐上投入了大量时间。A. devoted投入；B. spent花费；C. lost失去；D. wasted浪费。根据下文“much of his time to music”，可知是投入大量的时间，并且devote…to，意为“贡献给……”，根据语意，故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在他17岁生日之前，爱因斯坦在学校的音乐考试中演奏，考官报告说，“一个叫爱因斯坦的学生在演奏贝多芬奏鸣曲时表现得非常出色。”A. performance表演；B. presentation介绍；C. exhibition展览；D. examination考试。 根据下文的“the examiner”，可知应该是音乐考试，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. hardly几乎不；B. deeply深刻地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. honestly诚实地。根据下文的“In addition to his great ____11____ in playing the violin, he also played the piano”，可知是表演的非常出色，是给人深刻印象地表演，更符合语境，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了小提琴的高超技巧外，他还弹钢琴，尤其喜欢即兴创作。A. skill技巧；B. patience耐心；C. care关心；D. courage勇气。根据下文“he also played the piano and, ____12____, loved to improvise（即兴创作）.”，可知本句是在赞扬爱因斯坦的音乐技巧，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：同上。A. after all毕竟；B. in particular尤其；C. at large一般说来；D. by accident偶然地。根据上文“In addition to his great ____11____ in playing the violin, he also played the piano”，可知是赞扬爱因斯坦的音乐技巧，“尤其”更符合语境，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在晚年，爱因斯坦作为物理学家的声誉经常使他受邀在慈善音乐会表演，他通常很高兴地接受了邀请。A. contributions贡献；B. applications申请；C. invitations邀请；D. prizes奖品。根据下文“perform at benefit concerts”，可知是受邀请去演奏，故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许最接近爱因斯坦的总结来自他的朋友Janos Plesch，他写道：“有很多音乐家的技巧比他好得多，但我相信，没有一个人的演奏比他更真诚或更有感情。”A. reaction反应；B. destination目的地；C. summary总结；D. instruction说明。根据下文“There are many musicians with much ____15____ skills, but none, I believe, who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.”，可知是对爱因斯坦对音乐的热爱的总结，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. broader较广泛的；B. funnier更滑稽的；C. wilder更狂热的；D. better更好的。本句中是爱因斯坦和其他音乐家技巧的比较，并且前后转折关系，所以应该是更好的，故选D。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Amazon rainforest, the largest rainforest in the world, plays a ___36___ (significance) role in maintaining the balance of the Earth’s ecosystem. It crosses into eight countries, ___37___ (include) Brazil and Peru. With an area of about 6 million square kilometres, ___38___ rainforest is more than half the size of China. More than 40,000 species of plants can ___39___ (find) in the Amazon. The forest’s different levels provide food and shelter for an unbelievable ___40___ (vary) of wildlife. More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of ___41___ (mammal) hide in the jungle. The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by ___42___ (fix) carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen. This is ___43___ it is known as the “lungs of the planet”. Moreover, the rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. ___44___, over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest ____45____ (disappear) due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. 【答案】36. significant 37. including 38. the 39. be found 40. variety 41. mammals 42. fixing 43. why 44. However 45. has disappeared 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了亚马逊雨林是全球最大雨林，对生态平衡至关重要，拥有丰富的生物多样性，被称为“地球之肺”，同时也是药物和食物的重要来源。但由于人类活动，如农业和畜牧业，已有大量雨林消失。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：亚马逊雨林是世界上最大的雨林，在维持地球生态系统的平衡方面发挥着重要作用。空处是修饰role的定语，significance的形容词形式significant符合题意，意为“重要的”。故填significant。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：它横跨八个国家，包括巴西和秘鲁。句子主干成分完整，结合空后名词短语“Brazil and Peru”可知，此处指“包括巴西和秘鲁”，空处应用介词including，意为“包括”。故填including。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：雨林面积约为600万平方公里，面积超过中国的一半。空处表示特指，指上文提到的The Amazon rainforest，应用定冠词the。故填the。 【39题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：在亚马逊可以找到4万多种植物。空处和can构成句子的谓语，find“发现，找到”和主语More than 40,000 species of plants之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填be found。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：森林的不同层次为种类繁多的野生动物提供了食物和庇护所。空处被an unbelievable修饰，应用名词variety“种类，品种”，固定短语a variety of意为“各种各样的”。故填variety。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：1300多种鸟类和400多种哺乳动物隐藏在丛林中。空处作of的宾语，根据“400 species of”可知，mammal“哺乳动物”应用复数形式。故填mammals。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：亚马逊雨林通过固定碳和生产超过20%的地球氧气，为地球呼吸生命。空处作by的宾语，应用fix“固定”的动名词形式。故填fixing。 【43题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么它被称为“地球之肺”。空处引导名词性从句作表语，结合上一句内容可知，从句中缺少原因状语，空处需表达“为什么，为何”，应用连接副词why作引导词。故填why。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，在过去的50年里，由于农业和畜牧业等人类活动，大约17%的雨林已经消失。上文强调雨林的重要性，下文指出很多雨林已经消失，上下文语义构成转折，且空后有逗号，因此空处应用意为“然而”的副词however连接上下文，且句首单词的首字母需大写。故填However。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，在过去的50年里，由于农业和畜牧业等人类活动，大约17%的雨林已经消失。空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为over the past 50 years，时态应用现在完成时，about 17 per cent of the rainforest作主语，the rainforest为单数，助动词用has。故填has disappeared。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，上周六你校学生会举办了“走进社区，服务大家”的公益活动，请你为校英文报写一篇报道。 内容包括：1.活动过程。 2.你的收获与感悟。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答； 3.题文为：Students’ Voluntary work in a Community； 4.公益活动Socially useful activity. Public benefit activities. 社区 Community. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： Students’ Voluntary work in a Community Last Saturday witnessed a voluntary activity organized by the Students’ union in the nearby community themed at “Step into the community serve.”, which was well received by the neighborhood. The event was filled with meaningful activities, and the voluntary work started from nine o'clock, lasting for three hours. Upon our arrival at the local community Center, we began to conduct different tasks, not only did we clean public spaces, but also we assisted the elder with their daily tasks. Additionally, we organized a healthy awareness campaign, educating residents on healthy living habits. All the students involved participated with great enthusiasm. I deeply realized the significance of community engagement and the fufillment voluntary works brings. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。题目要求考生介绍学校举办的公益活动，要格外注意第二个要点，考生应该分享自己的收获和感悟。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： ① 活动：activity →event ② 参与：participate→join, engage ③ 充满： be filled with→be full of ④ 满足感：fulfillment→satisfaction 2. 句式拓展： 简单句变复合句： 原句：Additionally, we organized a healthy awareness campaign, educating residents on healthy living habits. 拓展句：Additionally, we organized a healthy awareness campaign, which aimed to educate residents on healthy living habits. 【点睛】【高级句型1】Last Saturday witnessed a voluntary activity organized by the Students’ union in the nearby community themed at “Step into the community serve.”, which was well received by the neighborhood.（关系代词which引导的非限定性定语从句） 【高级句型2】Upon our arrival at the local community Center, we began to conduct different tasks, not only did we clean public spaces, but also we assisted the elder with their daily tasks.（not only置于句首引起的部分倒装） 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 A young and successful manager was traveling down a neighborhood street, going a bit too fast in his new Jaguar. He was watching for kids darting out (窜出) from between parked cars and slowed down when he thought he saw something. As his car passed, no children appeared. Instead, a brick hit violently into the Jags side door! He stepped on the brakes and backed his Jag back to the spot where the brick had been thrown. The angry driver then jumped out of the car, grabbed the nearest kid and pushed him up against a parked car shouting, “What was that all about and who are you? Just what the heck are you doing? That’s a new car and that brick you threw is going to cost a lot of money. Why did you do it?” The young boy was apologetic. “Please, mister... please, I’m sorry but I didn’t know what else to do,” he explained. “I threw the brick because no one else would stop…” With tears rolling down his face and off his chin, the youth pointed to a spot just around a parked car. “It’s my brother,” he said. “He rolled off the sidewalk and fell out of his wheelchair and I can’t lift him up.” Now sobbing, the boy asked the astonished manager, “Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? He’s hurt and he’s too heavy for me.” Moved beyond words, the driver cooled his anger. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The driver watched the boy push his wheelchair-bound brother down the sidewalk toward their home. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: Moved beyond words, the driver cooled his anger. He hurriedly lifted the handicapped boy back into the wheelchair. On seeing the bleeding cuts, the man took out his white handkerchief and wiped the wound gently with great care. A quick look told him everything was going to be okay. When the driver was about to leave, the young brother stepped forward. “Thank you and may God bless you,” said the grateful child, tears filling his eyes. Paragraph 2: The driver watched the boy push his wheelchair-bound brother down the sidewalk toward their home. It was a long, slow walk back to the Jaguar. The damage was very noticeable, but the driver never bothered to repair the damaged side door. He kept it there to remind him of this message: “Don’t go through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick at you to get your attention!” God whispers in our souls and speaks to our hearts. Sometimes when we don’t have time to listen, he has to throw a brick at us. It’s our choice to listen or not. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于读后续写，要求考生续写两段内容使之与已给出的材料构成一篇完整的短文。 【详解】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，一位年轻而成功的经理开着他的新捷豹在附近的街道上行驶, 一块砖头猛烈地撞进车的侧门, 这位司机很生气，原来一个男孩的哥哥从人行道上滚下来，从轮椅上摔了下来，他抬不起来，需要帮助所以才扔的砖头。 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：司机言不由衷地平息了怒气，后面应该写他急忙把那个男孩扶回轮椅上，拿出白手帕，小心翼翼地轻轻擦拭伤口。司机正要离开时，弟弟非常感激这个司机，眼里充满了泪水。第二段开头是：司机看着那个男孩把坐轮椅的弟弟推下人行道，朝他们家走去。本段应该写虽然车损坏很明显，但司机没有修理损坏的侧门以便提醒自己：“不要过得太快，以至于有人不得不向你扔砖头来引起你的注意！”有时当我们没有时间听的时候，他不得不向我们扔砖头。听不听是我们的选择。 续写时我们要按照已给出的材料中的关键词来写两段内容。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。按要求完成写作任务。 【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：with great care，go through，get one’s attention等高级词汇；when引导的时间状语从句When the driver was about to leave, the young brother stepped forward等高级句式。 听力 1—5 CAACC 6—10 BACBA 11—15 ACBAA 16—20 BCBBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 湘阴县2024年上期普通高中教学质量监测 高一英语 满分：150分 时量：120分钟 考生注意： 1.答题前务必将自己的姓名、准考证号与校名填写在答题卷的相应位置。 2.所有答案都必须转填在答题卷上，考试结束后只交答题卷。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When does the man suggest going to the zoo? A. At 7:00 a. m. B. At 10:00 a. m. C. At 11:00 a. m. 2. What is the woman going to do next? A. Dial a number. B. Hang out with John. C. Write her term paper. 3. Who is Rachael? A. The man's boss. B. The man's wife. C. A salesperson. 4. What are the speakers discussing? A. When to go to the park. B. Who should play on the swing first. C. Where the woman's key might be. 5. What does the woman think of Tom's words? A. Inspiring. B. Boring. C. Untrue. 第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What kind of ice cream appeals to the woman? A. The one with garlic in it. B. The one with chocolate in it. C. The one with nuts in it. 7. What are the speakers likely to do? A. Pick out some desserts. B. Go on a business trip. C. Choose some ingredients. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the boy do before the conversation? A. He watched TV. B. He went for a walk. C. He did his homework. 9. What does the woman want the boy to do? A. Get changed. B. Carry an umbrella. C. Eat more vegetables. 10. How does the woman sound in the end? A. Understanding. B. Angry. C. Tired. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What was James doing while waiting for Cindy? A. Exploring the fishing spot. B. Looking for some equipment. C Singing a song. 12. Where does James usually go fishing? A. By the lake. B. By the river. C. On the sea. 13. What does James ask Cindy to do? A. Get a license. B. Stop talking. C. Rent a boat. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where did the man first work? A. In Australia. B. In the UK. C. In the USA. 15. Why did the man come back to China? A. He wanted to keep his family company. B. He got a position at a famous university. C. He intended to pursue higher education. 16. Which of the following languages is the man fluent in? A. Arabic. B. Spanish. C. Portuguese. 17. What is the man's third strength? A. He is good at teamwork. B. He can speak six foreign languages. C. He is flexible in his teaching methods. 听第10段材料，回答第18至 20题。 18. How many types of pillow materials are mentioned at first? A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. 19. Why did Sima Guang use the pillow based on historical records? A. To make himself fall asleep quickly. B. To remind him to study. C. To place his books. 20. Who made the headrest for Cao Cao? A. Cao Cao himself. B. Cao Cao's mother. C. Cao Cao's servant. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Sharon, Aged 22 The most important thing to keep in mind when going into high school is to be yourself. Besides, I don’t know what your middle school was like, but high school teachers will not care about things such as how much homework you already have in one night. It’s best to just learn to deal with things and manage your time wisely so you can achieve everything you need. Frank, Aged 21 I think almost every kid feels both nervous and excited before their first day. You will probably love it. I know I did. You should join in some sports or activities that will make your high school experience more enjoyable. Good luck！ Eddie, Aged 20 When I started high school I was really nervous too, especially since I had been home-schooled all through middle school and didn’t really know anyone, I suppose the best advice would be to just relax. The first couple of days can be a little bit hard, but things will become easier after you know it. David, Aged 19 I’m not going to lie. The first day is kind of frightening. But you’ll get used to it. Don’t be afraid of anyone; upperclassmen will pick on you more if you let them know you’re afraid. Just take it easy. Making some friends and staying with them will greatly help you get used to high school quickly. After the first week it’s really not bad at all. Don’t worry. 1. What can we infer from Sharon about high school? A. Teachers are quite strict. B. Students often stay up at night. C. Teachers provide little care for students. D. Students should make good use of their time. 2. How did Eddie feel on his first day of high school? A. Excited B. Bored. C. Worried. D. Relaxed. 3. Who mentions the importance of friends? A. Frank. B. David. C. Sharon. D. Eddie. B “Creativity is the key to a brighter future,” say education and business experts. Here is how schools and parents can encourage this important skill in children. If Dick Drew had listened to his boss in 1925, we might not have the product that we now think greatly important: a new type of tape. Drew worked for the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company. At work he developed a kind of material strong enough to hold things together. But his boss told him not to think more about the idea. Finally, using his own time, Drew improved the tape, which now is used everywhere by many people. And his former company learned from its mistake. Now it encourages people to spend 15 percent of their working time just thinking about and developing new ideas. Creativity is not something one is just born with, nor is it necessarily a character of high intelligence. The fact that a person is highly intelligent does not mean that he uses it creatively. Creativity is the matter of using the resources one has to produce new ideas that are good for something. Unfortunately, schools have not tried to encourage creativity. With strong attention to test results and the development of reading, writing and mathematical skills, many educators give up creativity for correct answers. The result is that children can gain information but can’t recognize ways to use it in new situations. They may know the rules correctly but they are unable to use them to work out practical problems. It is important to give children choices. From the earliest age, children should be allowed to make decisions and understand their results. Even if it’s choosing between two food items for lunch, decision-making helps thinking skills. As children grow older, parents should try to let them decide how to use their time or spend their money. This is because the most important character of creative people is a very strong desire to find a way out of trouble. 4. What did the company where Drew once worked learn from its mistake? A. It should encourage people to work a longer time. B. People should be discouraged to think freely. C. People will do better if they pay all attention to their work. D. It is necessary for people to spend some of their working time developing new ideas. 5. What can we know from the passage about creativity? A. It is something that most people are born with. B. It is something that has nothing to do with intelligence at all. C. It is a way of using what one has learned to work out new problems. D. It is something that is not important to the life in the future at all. 6. Why don’t schools try to encourage creativity? A. They don’t attach importance to creativity education. B. They don’t want their students to make mistakes. C. They pay no attention to examination marks. D. They think it impossible to develop creativity in class. 7. What should the parents do when their children decide how to spend their money? A. Allow them to have a try. B. Try to help them as much as possible. C. Take no notice of whatever they do. D. Order them to spend the least money. C New research suggests that even a simple exercise program might help older people with light memory problems. Doctors have long advised patients to do physical activity to help keep their brains healthy. But the U. S. government-supported research marks the longest study of whether exercise makes any difference once memory starts to decline (衰退). Researchers found around 300 inactive older adults with memory changes called mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (轻度认知障碍). In the research, the participants were divided into two groups and half of them did aerobic (有氧的) exercise, while the rest did stretching and balance movements that raised their heart rates a little. After a year, testing of mental activity showed neither group had worsened, according to lead researcher Laura Baker of Wake Forest University School of Medicine. By comparison, similar MCI patients in another long-term study of brain health-but without exercise-experienced cognitive decline over a year. Maria Carrillo is the chief scientific officer of the Alzheimer’s Association. She said earlier research found regular physical activity of any kind may reduce damaging inflammation (炎症) and increase blood flow to the brain. She added that the new study is especially interesting because the pandemic (流行的) began halfway through the study. That meant the study participants became socially isolated. Social isolation has long been known to increase people’s risk of memory problems. It is a difficult time for dementia (痴呆) research. Doctors are not sure about prescribing (开处方) a high-priced new drug called Aduhelm. The drug is supposed to be the first to slow the progression of dementia but it is not yet clear if it really helps patients. Researchers reported another drug that works similarly failed in an important study. There is growing urgency (紧急) to find whether exercise can offer at least some protection. Baker will lead an even larger study of older adults to see if adding exercise to other steps such as a healthy diet, brain games and social activities can reduce the risk of dementia. 8. What does the new study focus on? A Ways to slow the aging process. B. Effective medicines for elders with MCI. C. The influence of exercise on elders’ memory. D. The causes of declining memory in older adults. 9. In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design? A. The diet plan. B. The exercise type. C. The professional background D. Previous physical condition. 10. What does the underlined word “That” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. The outbreak of the pandemic. B. The reduction of damaging inflammation. C. The increase in memory problems. D. Social isolation. 11. What will Baker do next according to the text? A. Find out how to lower the price of Aduhelm. B. Develop a new drug to help patients with brain diseases. C. Organize a wide variety of social activities for older people. D. Conduct further research on how to reduce the risk of dementia. D Surfing the Internet for fun will make you a better employee, according to an Australian study. The University of Melbourne study shows that people who use the Internet for their own reasons at work are about 9 percent more productive than those who do not. Study author Brent Coker said, “Surfing the Internet at times helps increase an employee’s attention.” “People need to relax for a bit to get back their attention,” Coker said on the university’s website. “Having a short break, such as a quick surfing on the Internet, helps the mind to rest itself, and as a result, increases productivity ,” he said. According to the study of 300 workers,70 percent of people who use the Internet at work surf the Internet for their own reasons during office hours. Among the most popular surfing activities are searching for information about products, reading online news, playing online games and watching videos. “Firms spend a lot of money on software to block their employees from watching videos, using social networking sites or shopping online,” said Coker. “That’s not always a good idea.” However, Coker said the study looked at people who surfed the Internet in moderation (适度),or were on the Internet for less than 20 percent of their total time in the office. “Those who spend too much time surfing the Internet will have a lower productivity than those without,” he said. 12. What does the University of Melbourne study mainly show? A. People who surf the Internet are good employees. B. Not everyone surfs the Internet for fun during office hours. C. Surfing the Internet for fun during office hours increases productivity. D. The Internet is becoming more and more important in people’s life. 13. What would Brent Coker most probably agree according to paragraph 3? A. The longer a person’s mind rests,the better attention he will have. B. Surfing the Internet is the best way to increase productivity. C. Workers should have a long break during office hours. D. Workers should let their minds rest now and then. 14. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as one of the most popular surfing activities? A. Watching videos. B. Reading online news. C. Reading online novels. D. Playing online games. 15. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Spending too much time surfing the Internet reduces productivity. B. Those who never surf the Internet have the lowest productivity. C. Most people don’t surf the Internet in moderation during office hours. D. People should spend as little time as possible surfing the Internet. 第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the spring and summer months, thunderstorms are common. ___16___. However, in thunderstorms, lightning can strike people and buildings and is very dangerous. It was reported that a man was struck by lightning when he was making a phone call under a tree. He died at once. You may not know it, but nearly 1,800 thunderstorms are happening at any moment around the world.___17___. So what should you do during a lightning storm? Scientists say that a person’s chances of being struck by lightning are 1 in 600,000. ___18___. If you are indoors during a thunderstorm: ·Stay away from anything that is metal because lightning can come into the house through it. ·Don’t stand near the windows. ·Don’t take a shower or bath. Lightning can travel through water. ·Never use the phone.___19___. If you are caught in a thunderstorm outdoors: ·___20___. If there’s no building around, try to find a low place to stay in. ·Do not go under a tree because the lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you. ·Never use a cell phone. A. Actually, many people are killed by lightning every year B. Try to get home as soon as possible C. Since they happen often, some people don’t take them seriously D. Go into a nearby building or car right away E. Lightning could travel through the phone line and hit you F. But it is very important for us to learn about lightning G. Fortunately, you can reduce those chances by following these safety rules 第三部分 语言知识运动(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic(满腔热忱的) musician. He once said that if he hadn’t been a scientist, he would have been a ____21____. “Life without playing music is unthinkable for me,” he said. “I get most ____22____ in life out of music.” Einstein’s mother was a talented pianist who ____23____ music to life in the family home. Einstein began to learn the ____24____ at the age of six, however, he worked hard until he ____25____ the joys of Mozart’s sonatas(奏鸣曲) at the age of 13. From that ____26____ on, although he had no further lessons, his violin ____27____ his companion（伴侣）. When Einstein moved to Aarau in Switzerland in 1895 to complete his schooling, he seemed to have ____28____ much of his time to music. Just before his 17th birthday, Einstein played at the music ____29____ in the school, the examiner reported that “a student called Einstein shone in the _____30_____ felt performance of one of the Beethoven sonatas”. In addition to his great _____31_____ in playing the violin, he also played the piano and, _____32_____, loved to improvise（即兴创作）. In late life, Einstein’s reputation(声誉) as a physicist often led to _____33_____ to perform at benefit concerts, which he generally accepted happily. Probably the _____34_____ of the violinist Einstein that comes nearest to the mark comes from his friend Janos Plesch,who wrote “There are many musicians with much _____35_____ skills, but none, I believe, who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.” 21. A. physician B. musician C. politician D. reporter 22. A. joy B. money C. idea D. energy 23. A. played B. sent C. create D. brought 24. A. violin B. piano C. knowledge D. game 25 A. loved B. tracked C. discovered D. confirmed 26. A. location B. space C. access D. point 27. A. turned B. remained C. appeared D. seemed 28. A. devoted B. spent C. lost D. wasted 29. A. performance B. presentation C. exhibition D. examination 30. A. hardly B. deeply C. carelessly D. honestly 31. A. skill B. patience C. care D. courage 32. A. after all B. in particular C. at large D. by accident 33. A. contributions B. applications C. invitations D. prizes 34 A. reaction B. destination C. summary D. instruction 35. A. broader B. funnier C. wilder D. better 第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Amazon rainforest the largest rainforest in the world, plays a ___36___ (significance) role in maintaining the balance of the Earth’s ecosystem. It crosses into eight countries, ___37___ (include) Brazil and Peru. With an area of about 6 million square kilometres, ___38___ rainforest is more than half the size of China. More than 40,000 species of plants can ___39___ (find) in the Amazon. The forest’s different levels provide food and shelter for an unbelievable ___40___ (vary) of wildlife. More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of ___41___ (mammal) hide in the jungle. The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by ___42___ (fix) carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen. This is ___43___ it is known as the “lungs of the planet”. Moreover, the rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. ___44___, over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest ____45____ (disappear) due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，上周六你校学生会举办了“走进社区，服务大家”的公益活动，请你为校英文报写一篇报道。 内容包括：1.活动过程。 2.你的收获与感悟。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答； 3.题文为：Students’ Voluntary work in a Community； 4.公益活动Socially useful activity. Public benefit activities. 社区 Community. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 A young and successful manager was traveling down a neighborhood street, going a bit too fast in his new Jaguar. He was watching for kids darting out (窜出) from between parked cars and slowed down when he thought he saw something. As his car passed, no children appeared. Instead, a brick hit violently into the Jags side door! He stepped on the brakes and backed his Jag back to the spot where the brick had been thrown. The angry driver then jumped out of the car, grabbed the nearest kid and pushed him up against a parked car shouting, “What was that all about and who are you? Just what the heck are you doing? That’s a new car and that brick you threw is going to cost a lot of money. Why did you do it?” The young boy was apologetic. “Please, mister... please, I’m sorry but I didn’t know what else to do,” he explained. “I threw the brick because no one else would stop…” With tears rolling down his face and off his chin, the youth pointed to a spot just around a parked car. “It’s my brother,” he said. “He rolled off the sidewalk and fell out of his wheelchair and I can’t lift him up.” Now sobbing, the boy asked the astonished manager, “Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? He’s hurt and he’s too heavy for me.” Moved beyond words, the driver cooled his anger. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The driver watched the boy push his wheelchair-bound brother down the sidewalk toward their home. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力 1—5 CAACC 6—10 BACBA 11—15 ACBAA 16—20 BCBBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$