课时梯级训练(12) Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Writing（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版2019）

课时梯级训练(十二)　Section Ⅳ　Writing Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2024·常州高二检测)When Jennifer first heard that her friend George passed an exam，her heart sank.She'd failed the same test weeks earlier.But then，instead of feeling upset and envious，she congratulated him.Jennifer was surprised when she could share her friend's happiness.She experienced her own，in turn. Finding pleasure in another person's good fortune is what social scientists call freudenfreude，a term which describes the happiness we feel when someone else succeeds，even if it doesn't directly involve us. Freudenfreude is like social glue，making relationships closer and more enjoyable.A study in 2021 found that in daily life freudenfreude boosted kind acts，such as helping others.Sharing in someone else's joy can also improve life satisfaction and help people cooperate during a conflict. While the benefits of freudenfreude are plentiful，it doesn't always come easily.In some cases，it might really hurt you when you see another person's winning as your loss，making freudenfreude feel out of reach.If you were raised in a family that paired winning with self­worth，you might misread someone else's victory as your own weak point.Factors such as mental health and overall well­being can also affect your ability to share someone else's joy. To better understand freudenfreude，it can be helpful to illustrate its better­known counterpart，schadenfreude：the pleasure we feel when witnessing someone's misfortune.In a 2022 study，experts examined instances of freudenfreude and schadenfreude among college students，some of whom were experiencing mild depression.Freudenfreude scores were higher，and schadenfreude scores were lower among those who were not depressed.The mildly depressed students，however，had a harder time developing a joy­sharing mindset.When you're feeling down，it's natural to view positive news with negativity. However，no one gets to the top alone，and when we raise others up，we're often carried up with them.When we feel happy for others，their joy becomes our joy.Celebrating our friends' successes—big and small—helps us all win. 1．Why is the story of Jennifer mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce a topic. B．To report an issue. C．To present a definition. D．To provide a background. 2．What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4 of the text? A.Freudenfreude comes naturally as an inborn ability. B．People experiencing freudenfreude are more likely to help others. C．Freudenfreude is accessible if we view others' success as our loss. D．People whose family highlights winning tend to enjoy freudenfreude. 3．What is the purpose of the 2022 study in Paragraph 5? A．To figure out the benefits of freudenfreude. B.To compare freudenfreude with schadenfreude. C.To explore the cause of college students' depression. D.To reveal the effect of mental health on freudenfreude. 4．What does the author intend to tell us in the text? A．Others' victories may result in our envy. B.Celebrating others' victories can bring a win­win. C.Delight in others' misfortune boosts our happiness. D.Freudenfreude is closely linked to our physical health. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述为别人的幸事感到快乐会给自己带来好处，这种情绪也被称为freudenfreude(乐他人之幸)。文章解释了freudenfreude的好处以及影响。 1．A　[解析]推理判断题。第一段讲述了Jennifer虽然考试失败，但还是祝贺George通过了考试。当分享朋友的快乐时，她也体验到了快乐。第二段解释了社会科学家所说的freudenfreude，即从别人的好运中找到快乐。由此推断，第一段提到Jennifer的故事是为了引出话题。故选A。 2．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A study in 2021 found that in daily life freudenfreude boosted kind acts，such as helping others.Sharing in someone else's joy can also improve life satisfaction and help people cooperate during a conflict.”可知，2021年的一项研究发现，在日常生活中，freudenfreude会推动善意行为，比如帮助他人。故选B。 3．D　[解析]推理判断题。根据第五段可知，在2022年的一项研究中，专家们调查了大学生中freudenfreude和schadenfreude的情况，其中一些人患有轻度抑郁症。那些没有抑郁的人中，freudenfreude得分较高，schadenfreude得分较低。由此推断，2022年研究的目的是揭示freudenfreude对心理健康的影响。故选D。 4．B　[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，没有人能独自到达顶峰，当我们提升别人的时候，我们经常会被他们所带动。当我们为别人感到高兴时，他们的快乐就变成了我们的快乐。庆祝朋友们的成功——无论大小——有助于我们所有人的胜利。由此推断，庆祝别人的胜利可以带来双赢。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五阅读 (2024·成都高二检测)Community sports teams provide great ways for players of all ages to have fun and socialize while they keep their skills sharp and get some exercise.If you can't find one in your area，you can start one yourself.1. Do your research. 2． If you find that you are the first in your community to recognize such a need，ensure that you can find enough local interest in your sport.You can invite one or two to join you in forming a preliminary leadership team. Establish a budget. To figure out what expenses(支出) you'll need to cover，think about everything you'll need to set up for your first game：Do you need to pay for using the facilities？3. Once you've laid out all of your costs，try to find out what revenues(收入) you'll need to cover your expenses. Create a league of your own. It might seem like overkill to draft some legal documents if all you want to do is meet up with some friends for a game on Sunday mornings.4. Playtime goes much more smoothly if everyone agrees to the same rules before the game begins. Plan for the future. Consider getting and training new volunteers and keep young players coming in to replace those lost to busy careers or family responsibilities.5. There might be a possibility of you deciding to quit. A．Do you need to buy sports equipment? B.What social benefits might your club bring to the region? C．Read on to find tips for starting your own sports club team. D.And don't forget to pass your knowledge and enthusiasm on to the next generation. E．But having written guidelines in place will help to keep everyone on the same page. F.Check with your local community center to see if a league already exists for your sport. G.You may have spoken to someone in the community during your initial search for a league. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章是关于建立社区运动的建议。 1．C　[解析]上文“If you can't find one in your area，you can start one yourself.(如果你在自己的地区找不到，你可以自己创办。)”指出可以自己创办社区运动队。结合下文提到的几个方法推知，空处承上启下，提出创建社区运动队的方法或建议。C项“继续阅读，寻找组建自己的体育俱乐部团队的技巧。”符合语境，故选C。 2．F　[解析]根据下文可知，看自己喜欢的运动是否有运动队，如果自己是第一个，确保可以找到当地足够多的人对此项运动感兴趣，以建立运动队。F项“请咨询当地的社区中心，看看你的运动是否已经有了联盟。”符合语境。故选F。 3．A　[解析]根据上文可知，做预算时弄清楚需要支付的费用。由此推知，空处也是考虑的问题之一。A项“你需要购买运动器材吗？”符合语境，与上文句式一致。故选A。 4．E　[解析]根据下文“Playtime goes much more smoothly if everyone agrees to the same rules before the game begins.(如果每个人在比赛开始前都同意相同的规则，那么比赛时间会顺利得多。)”可知，规则虽然不用像写法律文书那样，但也是很重要的，会让比赛顺利，因此有必要把规则写下来。E项“但制定书面规则将有助于让每个人都站在同一立场。”符合题意。故选E。 5．D　[解析]根据下文“There might be a possibility of you deciding to quit.(你可能决定退出。)”可知，要不断保持年轻运动员的加入，因为你有可能会退出。由此推知，空处陈述应该怎样对待加入的年轻成员。D项“别忘了把你的知识和热情传递给下一代。”符合语境，the next generation呼应上文的younger players。故选D。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 (2024·哈尔滨高二检测)假定你是李华，你所在的学校下周将组织一次跳绳比赛(rope skipping competition)，请你以学生会的名义用英语写一则通知，内容包括： 1．活动目的； 2．活动安排； 3．注意事项。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 NOTICE The Students' Union [参考范文] NOTICE To arouse our interest in exercise and build up our strength，our school is to hold a rope skipping competition next week.All the students are to gather in the playground before 3：00 p．m. and stand in rows as usual.Then the competition will begin exactly at 3：00 p．m. The result of the competition counts on the numbers you skip within ten minutes.The prizes will be given to the top 10 winners of each class.You're expected to wear school uniforms and comfortable shoes.Besides，do warm­up in advance. The Students' Union Ⅳ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a Saturday afternoon.I was having lunch when Dad told me to get ready.I became unhappy.I don't like Saturdays！Even though it's a holiday for most children，it is not for me because I need to go to football club. Many kids love sports，but I am not one of them.I prefer to stay at home and read.I don't like running，so in a team I am a bad player.The coach is tired of me and my teammates sometimes think I'm useless. I have no idea how to play football.Usually，after practice my teammates would ask me to stay out of the game and I would just nod. Last Thursday，the coach told us that we would be competing with another team in a month and many people would come to see the game.Our opponents were the winner last year and I froze and thought how awkward it would be if the team lost because of me. So I decided to practice hard for the match and I went to practice every single day. After one month，when the game day came，my teammates were unwilling to take me in the team，and I also wished to stay away from the ground as well.But they happened to be short of one player and had no choice but to take me in the team. Our team was the Big Blues.There was a great cheer on our arrival in the field.I got very nervous.The game started and within two minutes，I got a blue card.By the time I was allowed back，the score was two goals for each team and the next goal would decide the winning team. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1： When the ball came towards me，I froze. Paragraph 2： Our team，The Big Blues，won the match！ [参考范文] Paragraph 1： When the ball came towards me，I froze. My teammates were very tired and seemed worried.The opponents rushed towards me.Without thinking anymore，I found courage，and I kicked the ball with all my strength.The opponents didn't think highly of me，so they didn't think that I would be able to kick the ball so powerfully.As I kicked，the goalkeeper jumped towards the ball but missed it. Paragraph 2： Our team，The Big Blues，won the match! All my teammates ran towards me to lift me in the air.Since that day，I have gained some confidence and started to play better.My coach and teammates are also content with me and they try to improve my skills every time I play.Now I have realized that I always liked this sport，but my problem with it had something to do with the lack of encouragement I got.Now I can build on my confidence and I've realized I can also play this sport very well. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$