UNIT 5 Section Ⅱ Using language（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

Section Ⅱ　Using language

过去完成时

[对应学生用书P104]

[观察]

1．By the time he was 14，Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord，piano and violin，as well as for orchestras.

2．After they had known each other for many years，Beethoven said，“He is a good composer，but he has taught me nothing.”

3．Before they visited India，they had recorded seven albums.

[探究]

1．以上例句都包含了一般过去时或 过去完成时。

2．例句1、3中，by the time和before引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句则用 过去完成时。

3．例句2中，after引导时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去完成时。

过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情(常用时间状语有already、before、ever、just、never、still、yet)，也可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的动作一直持续到过去某个时间(常接时间状语：since＋时间点、for＋时间段)。

一、过去完成时的构成

[感知]

1．What Mario had  given us was the taste of the Garfagnana.

Mario给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。

2．(2022·新高考 Ⅱ 卷)David had not missed a single practice，and although he always finished his run long after the other children，he did always finish.

大卫没有错过任何一次训练，尽管他总是比其他孩子晚很久才完成跑步，但他总是会跑完。

3．Had they left before you got there?

你到那里时他们已经离开了吗？

4．What had you done before I arrived here?

我来这儿之前，你们做了什么？

[归纳]

过去完成时的构成：

1．肯定句：主语＋had＋done.

2．否定句：主语＋had not＋done.

3．一般疑问句： Had ＋主语＋done?

4．特殊疑问句： 疑问词 ＋had＋主语＋done?

二、过去完成时的用法

[感知]

1．(2023·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)When I finally finished it，the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing.

当我终于写完时，获胜的念头早已让位于写作的乐趣。

2．By about 6000 BCE，people had discovered the best crops to grow and animals to raise.

到公元前6000年左右，人们已经发现了可供种植的最好的农作物和可供饲养的最好的动物。

3．We had expected that you would be able to win the match.

我们原来预料你们能够赢得比赛。

4．It was the first time in my life that I had got an “A”.

这是我平生第一次得了“A”。

5．No sooner had they arrived home than they desperately asked Grandpa where the bird was.

他们一到家就急切地问爷爷那只鸟在哪里。

6．He told me he had watched the sunrise at the top of Mount Tai.

他告诉我他已经在泰山顶上看过日出了。

[归纳]

1．表示在过去某个动作或时间之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“过去的过去”，常与by、before等引导的时间状语连用。

2．表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作，常与for、since引导的时间状语连用。

3．表示过去未实现的计划或愿望，常用动词有hope、expect、suppose、think、want、intend、mean、plan等。

4．用于“It was the first/second ...time that ...”“It was＋一段时间＋since从句”等句型中，从句用过去完成时。

5．在“hardly/scarcely ...when ...”“no sooner ...than ...”等结构中，主句一般使用过去完成时。

6．在表示过去动作先于主句动作发生的宾语从句中，从句用过去完成时。

在含有after或before引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，由于主句和从句的动作先后