UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language（课件PPT）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版2019）

UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES (单元主题语境：人与社会——跨文化沟通) Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language 复习名词性从句 [观察] 1．The first time that she had to write an essay，her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas，but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought! 2．At first，Xie Lei had no idea what she should say，but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks. 3．What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to her. 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [探究] 1．以上句子中的黑体部分都是从句，这些从句在词性上相当于一个名词，被称作_______从句。 2．句1中加黑部分的that均引导______从句；句2中第一个what引导_______从句，第二个what引导_____从句，that引导_____从句；句3中What引导______从句。 名词性 宾语 同位语 主语 表语 主语 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 1．名词性从句在句中常作哪些成分？ ____________________________ 2．名词性从句常用哪些词连接？是否在从句中作成分？ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 主语、宾语、表语、同位语。 ①连接代词：what/whatever、who/whoever、whom、whose、which/whichever。在从句中作成分(如主语或宾语)。②连接副词： when/whenever、where/wherever、how/however、why。在从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语、方式状语和原因状语。③从属连词： that、whether、if、as if、as though、because。在从句中不充当任何成分。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 一、名词性从句概述 (一)定义 名词或名词短语可以在句中充当主语、表语、宾语、同位语。当这些名词或名词短语由一个句子替代时，就是名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。根据在句中不同的语法功能，可以把名词性从句分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句要用陈述语序。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES (二)引导词 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 二、名词性从句的种类 (一)主语从句 [感知] 1．What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么还不清楚。 2．Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic. 他能否按时来参加聚会取决于交通状况。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 3．It is a pity that we can't go. 很遗憾我们不能去。 4．It is certain that we'll witness her excellent performance in the exam. 我们一定可以见证她在考试中的优异表现。 5．It is generally recognized that the landscape of Guilin is the best in the world. 人们普遍认为桂林山水甲天下。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 6．It seems odd to me that he didn't say anything. 他什么也没说，我觉得很奇怪。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [探究] 1．句1、2中What和Whether引导的名词性从句在句中作_____，谓语动词用_____________形式。 2．句3、4、5和6中，It作形式主语；______________是真正的主语。 主语 第三人称单数 that引导的从句 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [归纳] 1．主语从句在复合句中作主语。主语从句可以直接放在句首，也可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语。 2．用it作形式主语的常用句型 (1)It＋be＋及物动词的过去分词＋从句 It is said/reported/believed that ...据说/据报道/人们相信…… 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES (2)It＋be＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that ...事实是…… It is good news that ...……是个好消息。 (3)It＋be＋形容词＋从句 It is necessary that ...有必要…… It is important that ...重要的是…… (4)It seems/appears/happens ...＋从句 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES (1)主语为从句时，谓语动词一般要用单数形式；但如果what引导的从句作主语，代表复数概念时，谓语动词则常用复数形式。如： ①What we need is time and patience. 我们所需要的是时间和耐心。 ②What we need are useful books. 我们所需要的是有用的书。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES (2)whoever、whatever和whichever也可引导主语从句。whoever相当于anyone who，意为“凡是……的人都，任何……的人都”；whatever相当于anything that，意为“所有……的一切，无论什么”；whichever意为“无论哪个，无论哪些”，既可指人也可指物。 ①Whoever comes will be accustomed to the custom here quickly. 不管谁来，都会很快习惯这里的风俗。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES ②Whatever was said here must be kept a secret. 在这儿所说的一切必须保密。 ③Whichever book you choose doesn't matter to me. 无论你选择哪一本书对我都无关紧要。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [即练] 　单句填空/完成句子/句型转换 1．It doesn't matter _______ you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park. 2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)______ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 3．It ____________(suggest)that the meeting (should) be put off. whether What is suggested 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 4．无论谁来都将受到欢迎。 _____________ will be welcome. 5．他打电话时，我碰巧不在。 It happened to me ___________________________________． 6．That he will pass the driving test is very certain. →__________________________________________. (it作形式主语) Whoever comes that I had been away when he called It is very certain that he will pass the driving test 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES (二)宾语从句 [感知] [组1] 1．Many people believe that teaching children music makes them smarter，better able to learn new things. 许多人认为教孩子音乐可以使他们更聪明，更好地学习新东西。 2．Have you found out when the next train to Beijing will leave? 你已经弄清楚下一趟去北京的火车什么时候离开了吗？ 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 3．We are talking about whether we will take part in the contest. 我们正在讨论我们是否参加这次竞赛。 4．I'm not sure whether I will have anything else to do tomorrow. 我不确定明天我是否还有其他的事情要做。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [组2] 1．The Internet makes it possible that we can work at home. 互联网使我们在家里工作成为可能。 2．Don't take it for granted that your parents do everything for you. 不要认为父母为你做任何事是理所当然的。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [探究] [组1] 句中that、when、whether引导的名词性从句分别作动词_______、动词短语_________、介词_____和形容词____的宾语。 [组2] 句1和句2中it在谓语动词后作_________，____引导的名词性从句是真正的宾语。 believe found out about sure 形式宾语 that 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [归纳] 1．名词性从句常位于动词、动词短语(如find out、point out、work out、turn out、make sure、make up one's mind、keep in mind)、介词(短语)、形容词(如sure、certain、glad、pleased、happy、afraid、surprised、satisfied、sorry)等后，用作宾语。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 2．it作形式宾语 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。常用的句型有： ①make it possible/easy/difficult/clear that ...使……成为可能/容易/困难/清楚 ②make it a rule that ...使……成为习惯/规则 ③find/feel it necessary that ...认为/感觉有必要…… ④take it for granted that ...认为……理所当然 ⑤see to it that ...务必/一定…… 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES ①在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist、desire、request、command等表示要求、命令、建议、坚持等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。如： I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她独自做自己的工作。 ②在think、believe、imagine、suppose等动词后的否定性宾语从句中，要把主句中的动词变成否定形式，即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。如： 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES I don't believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。 ③当有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，第一个宾语从句的that可以省略，但后面的that不能省略。如： Scientists find (that) the number of wild goats has increased and that a new species has appeared. 科学家们发现野山羊的数量增加了，而且还出现了一个新物种。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [即练] 单句填空/完成句子 1．I don't know ___ will accompany you to the concert tonight. 2．I have made __ a rule that I keep diaries. 3．They requested that the opportunity _________________(give) to the waitress. 4．我们还没有决定什么时候去以名胜古迹而闻名的北京旅游。 We haven't decided __________________________，which is famous for its places of interest. who it (should) be given when we will go to Beijing 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 5．我感兴趣的是你是否完成了工作。 I'm interested in ________________________________． 6．我认为不值得为此花钱或者费劲。 _____________________ the money or the hassle. 7．“我怕别的学校的孩子会嘲笑他。”他不安地解释道。 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)“I was afraid ______________________________ _____________，” he explained uncomfortably. whether you've finished the work I don't think it's worth that kids from other schools would laugh at him 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES (三)表语从句 [感知] [组1] 1．The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended. 对用户来说最重要的结果是产品达到了预期的效果。 2．The problem is whether the air pollution can be controlled. 问题是空气污染能否被控制住。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 3．This is what my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 这是我父亲教我的——总是面对困难，且抱最大的希望。 [组2] 1．She looks as if she were his mother. 她看起来好像是他的妈妈一样。 2．It sounds as if it is raining. 听起来像是正在下雨。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [组3] 1．From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约有71%被水覆盖。 2．He didn't work hard.That's why he was fired. 他没有努力工作。那就是他被解雇的原因。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [探究] [组1] 主句的谓语动词都是_______；其后的名词性从句作_____。 [组2] 句1中as if引导的表语从句中谓语动词是____，采用虚拟语气；句2中as if引导的表语从句中谓语动词是__________，采用陈述语气。 [组3] 句1中because引导表语从句，表示_____；句2中why引导表语从句，表示______。 系动词 表语 were is raining 原因 结果 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [归纳] 表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语从句的引导词基本相同。以下为表语从句其他常用句式： 1．as if/as though意为“好像；仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(be、seem、appear、look、taste、sound、feel、smell等)之后。若表语从句所描述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所描述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 2．This/That/It is why＋表语从句(表示结果) 这/那就是为什么…… This/That/It is because＋表语从句(表示原因)这/那是因为…… ①whether引导表语从句，意为“是否”，if不能引导表语从句。 ②表语从句的连接词一般不能省略。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [即练] 单句填空/完成句子 1．(2022·浙江1月卷)He looked at me as though I ____(be) not there. 2．I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer，which is ___ he never finishes anything. 3．The system works well in the lab，but the question is _______ it will work in reality. were why whether 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 4．那正是我们想买的东西。 That's just ___________________． 5．彼得(Peter)就是这样获得学士学位的。 That was _____________ his bachelor's degree. what we want to buy how Peter got 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES (四)同位语从句 [感知] 1．The news that Shenzhou-15 taikonauts completed their second spacewalk is quite exciting. 神舟十五号航天员完成第二次太空行走的消息非常令人激动。 2．We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. 他是否值得信赖的问题不是我们正在调查的。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [探究] 1．句1中____引导名词性从句，作______的同位语。 2．句2中_______引导名词性从句，作________的同位语。 that news whether question 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [归纳] 在复合句中作某一名词尤其是抽象名词的同位语(一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容)的从句叫同位语从句。能接同位语从句的名词一般是answer、conclusion、doubt、evidence、explanation、fact、hope、idea、information、news、report、truth、possibility、suggestion、problem、promise、wish等抽象名词。包含同位语从句的常见句型有： 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES ①There be no doubt that ...毫无疑问…… ②There be no possibility that ...不可能…… ③There be belief that ...有……的信仰。 ④There be evidence that ...有证据表明…… ⑤No one can deny the fact that ...没人能否认……这个事实。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 (1)功能不同 ①同位语从句的功能：解释说明名词表示的具体内容。 ②定语从句的功能：说明名词的性质、特征、来源等。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES (2)引导词不同 ①引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。 ②what、how、if 等可引导同位语从句，但不引导定语从句。 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES [即练] 　用适当的引导词填空 1．After about ten seconds of thought，Jessie came to the conclusion ____ she would accept the offer. 2．(2021·全国甲卷)I have no doubt ____ the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day. 3．Have you heard the news ____ a peace talk will be held next month between the two countries? that that that 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 4．There is no possibility ____ Bob can win first prize in the match. 5．I have no idea ________________ he managed to compete the difficult task by himself. that whether/how/when 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES Everyone knew 1.____ Wendy was a famous writer，but no one knew 2._____ she came from and 3._______ she was born in 1961 was still a mystery.4.____ they did know was 5.____ she was loved by poor people because she always helped 6._________ was in need.Wendy was generous and helpful，but some people thought she was chasing fame.Wendy said she didn't understand 7.___ they were so narrow-minded，but it didn't matter 8.____ others thought of her.She just wanted to do 9.____ she thought was right.She thought that was 10._____ the meaning of life lied. that where whether What that who(ever) why what what where 英语　选择性必修　第二册　R 返回导航 UNIT 2　BRIDGING CULTURES 课时梯级训练(六) 谢 谢 $$