精品解析：吉林省长春市绿园区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题

吉林省长春市绿园区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 一、基础知识（共10分） I. 单项选择. （10分）从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案. 1. Our teachers often tell us that it’s important to be ________ honest person. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们的老师经常告诉我们做一个诚实的人是很重要的。 考查冠词的用法。此处泛指一个人，“honest”首字母发元音音素，故选B。 2. —What’s the matter? —My friend hurt her ________. She can hardly walk. A. hand B. neck C. knee D. stomachache 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——怎么了？——我的朋友伤了她的膝盖。她几乎不能走路。 考查名词辨析。hand手；neck脖子；knee膝盖；stomachache胃痛。根据“She can hardly walk.”可知，她几乎不能走路，说明是膝盖受伤了，故选C。 3. The good news of our basketball team winning the game ________ the whole class. A. cheered up B. set up C. got up D. hurried up 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们篮球队赢得比赛的好消息使全班都高兴起来。 考查动词短语辨析。cheered up使高兴，使振奋；set up建立；got up起床；hurried up匆忙。根据“The good news of our basketball team winning the game”可知，好消息会让全班高兴，故选A。 4. —________ Mr.Smith was very tired，he stayed up late to finish his work. —How hard－working he is! A. Because B. Unless C. When D. Although 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——尽管史密斯先生很累，但是他还是熬夜很晚完成了他的工作。——他是多么努力工作的啊！A. Because 因为； B. Unless 除非； C. When 当---时候； D. Although尽管；根据Mr.Smith was very tired，和he stayed up late to finish his work.之间是转折关系；故选D 5. Bob is a careful man. He ________ the dictionary for two years, but it is still new. A. has bought B. has borrowed C. has had D. bought 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：鲍勃是个细心的人。这本词典他用了两年了，但它还是新的。 考查动词时态。bought买；borrowed借；had拥有。结合“for two years”可知此处是for+一段时间，需用现在完成时，结构为have/has done；表示延续性动作的“have the dictionary”才能接一段时间，故选C。 6. After a busy day's work,he felt tired and sat ________ the wall for half an hour just now. A. over B. against C. below D. across 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：忙碌了一天的工作后，他感到很累，刚才靠墙坐了半个小时。 考查介词辨析。over 在……上方；against 倚，靠；below 在……下面；across 穿过。根据“felt tired and sat... the wall”可知是靠着墙坐，故选B。 7. —Did you notice your mother go out just now? —No, I didn’t. I________ TV then. A. was watching B. am watching C. have watched D. will watch 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你刚才注意到你妈妈出去了吗？——没有。当时我正在看电视。 考查动词时态。根据“Did you notice your mother go out just now?”可知，时态为过去进行时，其结构为was/were doing。故选A。 8. Different apps on the phone make it ________ to learn English for the students than before. A. easily B. easier C. easy D. more easily 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：手机上不同的app使学生学习英语比以前更容易。 考查比较级。easily容易地，副词原级；easier更容易的，形容词比较级；easy容易的，形容词原级；more easily更容易地，副词比较级。根据than before可知此空用比较级，且make it+形容词+to do sth，表示“使做某事……”，it是形式宾语，其后的形容词为宾语补足语，所以此处用形容词的比较级。故选B。 9. Tourists can choose to visit Kunming ________ they like, spring, summer. A. whoever B. whatever C. whenever D. wherever 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：游客可以选择在他们喜欢的任何时候去昆明旅游，春天、夏天。 考查连词辨析。whoever无论谁；whatever无论什么；whenever无论何时；wherever无论何地。根据“spring, summer...”可知是说时间，故选C。 10. The match was really fantastic, ________ when Claudia got a point in the last minute. A. probably B. actually C. mostly D. especially 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：这场比赛真的很精彩，尤其是当Claudia在最后一分钟进球的时候。 考查副词辨析。probably大概，可能；actually 事实上；mostly主要地；especially尤其。根据“The match was really fantastic...when Claudia scored in the last minute.”可知，此处是对比赛很精彩进行进一步的补充和说明，应用especially。故选D。 二、交际运用（共5 分） 根据对话内容，运用所给的句子选项补全对话。选项中有一项是多余的。 （M＝Mom S＝Susan） M: You look upset, Susan. ____11____ S: I argued with my best friend. I want to help her out, but she didn’t listen to me. M: Well, sometimes it’s not easy to get others to accept advice. S: ____12____ M: First, never try to change anyone. Let people live how they want to live. S:Sounds reasonable. ____13____ M: Second, treat others how you wish to be treated. S: I see. ____14____ M: And never say anything bad about someone behind theır backs. S: Yes. ____15____ M: Last but not least, be a good listener so that we can know what people really think. S: You’re right, mom. I feel much better now. Thank you. M: I’m happy to hear that, honey. You’re welcome. A. I hope so. B. What happened? C. That will break up a friendship. D. Everyone is special and has their own thoughts. E. What do you think I should do, mom? F. That’s why you always smile and help others. 【答案】11 B 12. E 13. D 14. F 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一段妈妈和苏珊之间的对话，苏珊和最好的朋友吵架了，妈妈给她提供了一些建议。 【11题详解】 根据“You look upset, Susan.”以及“I argued with my best friend.”可知，妈妈看到苏珊不高兴，询问发生了什么事，选项B“发生了什么事？”符合语境，故选B。 【12题详解】 根据“First, never try to change anyone. Let people live how they want to live.”可知，苏珊在询问妈妈自己应该怎么做，选项E“妈妈，你认为我应该怎么做？”符合语境，故选E。 【13题详解】 根据“Second, treat others how you wish to be treated.”可知，每个人都是特别的，都有自己的想法，所以要以自己希望被对待的方式对待别人，选项D“每个人都是特别的，有自己的想法。”符合语境，故选D。 【14题详解】 根据“And never say anything bad about someone behind their backs.”可知，妈妈从不背后说别人坏话，这就是她总是微笑并帮助别人的原因，选项F“这就是你总是微笑并帮助别人的原因。”符合语境，故选F。 【15题详解】 根据“And never say anything bad about someone behind their backs.”可知，在背后说别人坏话会破坏友谊，选项C“那会破坏友谊。”符合语境，故选C。 III. 完形填空.（15 分） 阅读短文，掌握其大意,然后从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案. Long long ago, there was a king. He loved animals very much. One day he got two nice falcons (猎鹰) from his son. He had never seen such ____16____ falcons before. He loved them so much and he ordered the best falconer to ____17____ them to fly. After several months, the king came to see ____18____ the training was going on. He found that one falcon had already been able to fly high in the sky, while the other was ____19____ on the branch (树枝) of a tree quietly. The king called all his falconers together and ordered them to ____20____ every way they could to make the other falcon fly. But none of them ____21____. One day while the king was taking a walk in the forest, an idea came to ____22____. Maybe someone who knew the natural environment well could ____23____ this problem. Then he invited a farmer who lived in the forest into his house to train it at once. The next morning, the king saw the other falcon flying in the sky ____24____. He felt very surprised. “It is ____25____!” shouted the king. “How could you ____26____ it happen?” The farmer replied, “It is very easy. I just ____27____ the branch where the falcon rested. It had no place to rest. Then it had to ____28____.” It is always the same to human beings. We all have “two flying wings” in our hearts as well. But it seems that we don’t notice them and stay in a place where we just feel ____29____ and comfortable. We won’t realize we can fly so high and freely until the branches we are resting on ____30____. So let’s go out of our comfort zone and fly further into the sky. 16. A. crazy B. stupid C. sick D. beautiful 17. A. cause B. compare C. train D. protect 18. A. what B. when C. where D. how 19. A. marking B. staying C. shaking D. checking 20. A. try B. count C. decide D. record 21. A. failed B. included C. agreed D. succeeded 22. A. us B. him C. me D. them 23. A. copy B. mean C. provide D. solve 24. A. deeply B. simply C. freely D. strangely 25. A. unbelievable B. unfair C. unusual D. unhappy 26. A. make B. keep C. allow D. lead 27. A. get off B. turn off C. cut off D. put off 28. A. jump B. fly C. search D. shoot 29. A. peaceful B. awake C. dangerous D. bright 30. A. drop B. break C. shine D. rise 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇寓言童话。很久以前，一位热爱动物的国王从他儿子那里得到了两只漂亮的猎鹰。几个月后，他发现一只猎鹰已经能高飞，而另一只却安静地栖息在树枝上。国王尝试了各种方法想让这只猎鹰也飞起来，但都失败了。最后，他请来一位熟悉自然环境的农夫帮忙，第二天，那只猎鹰也飞上了天空。农夫解释说，他只是砍掉了猎鹰栖息的树枝，让它没有地方休息，迫使它飞翔。这故事告诉我们，人们往往安逸于舒适区而不自知，直到“树枝"被砍掉，才会发现自己也能高飞远翔。 【16题详解】 句意：他以前从未见过这么漂亮的猎鹰。 crazy疯狂的；stupid愚蠢的；sick生病的；beautiful漂亮的。根据“One day he got two nice falcons from his son.”可知，此处指“漂亮的”。故选D。 【17题详解】 句意：他非常喜欢，命令最好的猎鹰师训练它们飞。 cause引起；compare对比；train训练；protect保护。根据下文“the training was going on”可知，此处指“训练”。故选C。 【18题详解】 句意：几个月之后，他来看训练进展得怎么样。 what什么；when什么时候；where哪里；how怎么样。根据句意，可知此处指“如何，怎么样”。故选D。 【19题详解】 句意：他发现一只猎鹰已经能够飞上高空，而另一只则静静地停留在树枝上。 marking标记；staying停留；shaking摇摆；checking检查。根据空后“ on the branch of a tree quietly”可知，此处指“停留”。故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：国王召集所有的猎鹰师，命令他们想尽一切办法让另一只猎鹰飞起来。 try尝试；count数；decide决定；record记录。根据空后“every way they could”可知，此处指“尝试”。故选A。 【21题详解】 句意：但没有一个人成功。 failed失败；included包括；agreed同意；succeeded成功。根据“But none of them ”可知，此处指“成功”。故选D。 【22题详解】 句意：一天当他在森林里散步时，他想到了一个主意。 us我们；him他；me我；them他们。主语是“The king”。故选B。 【23题详解】 句意：也许一个非常了解自然环境的人可以解决这个问题。 copy复制；mean意思是；provide提供；solve解决。根据“this problem”可知 此处指“解决”这个问题。故选D。 【24题详解】 句意：第二天早上，国王发现这只猎鹰在天空自由飞翔。 deeply深深地；simply简单地；freely自由地；strangely奇怪地。根据句意可知此处指自由地飞翔。故选C。 【25题详解】 句意：太不可思议了！ unbelievable难以置信的；unfair不公平的；unusual不寻常的；unhappy不高兴的。根据“He felt very surprised.”可知，他觉得难以相信这只猎鹰可以飞。故选A。 【26题详解】 句意：你如何让这件事发生的？ make使；keep保持；allow允许；lead引领。make sb./sth.do使某人/某物做。故选A。 【27题详解】 句意：我只是把猎鹰休息的树枝砍掉了。 get off下车；turn off关闭；cut off砍掉；put off推迟。根据“It had no place to rest.”可知，此处指砍掉树枝。故选C。 【28题详解】 句意：那么它不得不飞。 jump跳；fly飞；search搜索；shoot射击。根据“It had no place to rest.”可知，它没地方休息就只能飞。故选B。 【29题详解】 句意：但是，我们似乎并没有注意到它们，只是呆在一个让我们感到平静和舒适的地方。 peaceful平静的；awake醒的；dangerous危险的；bright明亮的。根据“and comfortable”可知，此处指“平静的"。故选A。 【30题详解】 句意：直到我们所依靠的树枝折断，我们才会意识到自己可以飞得如此之高、如此自由。 drop掉落；break折断；shine照耀；rise升起根据句意可知此处指“折断”。故选B。 IV. 阅读理解. （30分） On March 15, a wildfire swept a forest in Yajiang county, Sichuan province. Luckily (伤亡). Wildfires can be very dangerous as they go quickly. ①__________ In 2023, there were 328 wildfires in China. 147 of them happened in March and April, making up almost half of the wildfires. ②__________ •There is little rainfall in many areas, such as Southwest China. •Plants are starting to grow and recover from winter. •Strong winds are quite common at this time, making wildfires more easily. ③__________ Stay calm. This will help you to make better decisions. Watch the wind. Stay upwind (逆风) of the fire. Change the place where you are quickly if it starts blowing towards you. If the fire is all around you, protect yourself with a wet covering and look for areas with water. Wide roads can also help keep a space between you and the fire. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 31. What percent of wildfires in China happened in March and April? A. Almost 50%. B. Almost 80%. C. Almost 20%. D. Almost 90%. 32. What’s the right order of the title for each part? a. Why do wildfires happen a lot in spring? b. What should we do in the face of a wildfire? c. How often do wildfires appear? A. a→b→c. B. b→a→c. C. c→a→b. D. c→b→a. 33. Which of the following place is safe when there is a wildfire? A. B. C. D. 34. What can you use to cover yourself if the fire is all around you? A. Warm clothes. B. A wet quilt. C. A dry quilt. D. Soft toys. 35. Why does the writer write this article? A. To introduce a wildfire happened in Sichuan. B. To show people some reasons of wildfires. C. To tell people to protect themselves in wildfires. D. To list some wildfire cases. 【答案】31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了四川雅江地区发生的一场森林火灾的概况。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据“In 2023, there were 328 wildfires in China. 147 of them happened in March and April”可知，全年328场火灾，有147场都发生在三月和四月，大约占比50％。故选A。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据“making up almost half of the wildfires”、“There is little rainfall in many areas, such as Southwest China. Plants are starting to grow and recover from winter.”和“Stay calm. This will help you to make better decisions.”可知，分别对应的是野火的频率、野火的原因和面对野火我们的处理，所以正确顺序应该是c→a→b。故选C。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Watch the wind. Stay upwind of the fire”可知，要逆着风向。故选D。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据“If the fire is all around you, protect yourself with a wet covering and look for areas with water”可知，当火势扑向你的时候，你需要用湿润的东西覆盖保护自己。故选B。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Stay calm”、“Stay upwind of the fire”和“protect yourself with a wet covering and look for areas with water”可知，作者写了很多有关碰到火势的时候自救和自我保护的知识。故选C。 ①Many homes have cameras to protect them from danger. The cameras can tell the owners if someone has entered (进入) . But the cameras do not know whether the person is a family member, a friend ②But recently a new smart camera made by a French company can recognize (辨别出) faces. It can tell parents at work that their children have returned from school, or that the mail has been sent to their home. It can also tell them if a stranger has entered their home. When family members enter a home, the camera will send a warn sound on the owner’s phone. ③This is what happened recently to a smart home camera owner named Damien. He lives in Paris. ④“On a Friday I was at work, having a big monthly meeting when my phone made a special sound. At first I told myself ‘Oh, it must be a wrong warn,’ but my phone was telling me there was a face that the camera did not recognize. Something was happening in my house!" ⑤“I saw a person I did not know with his shoes on, which is not allowed in my apartment. I watched it on the video. I felt quite surprised. I hurried back home as fast as possible and called the police on the way. Thanks to the smart camera, the criminal was caught soon,” said Damien. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答。 36. The new camera made by a French company can ________. A. recognize voices B. recognize faces C. recognize objects D. recognize colors 37. The underlined word"warn"in the passage most probably means ________. A. advice B. message C. alarm D. research 38. When a stranger enters a home, the smart camera will ________. A. take a photo of the stranger B. send a special sound to the owner’s phone C. call the police at once D. tell the owner through video chat 39. If we put the passage into three parts, which of the following is the best? A. B. C. D. 40. What can we know from the passage? A. Smart cameras can improve home safety. B. Smart cameras were already used long ago. C. People don’t need the police after using smart cameras. D. A stranger doesn’t need to take off his shoes when entering Damien’s house. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. B 39. B 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种由法国公司制造的新型智能相机，它能够辨别面孔，并在有陌生人进入家中时向主人的手机发送特殊声音，从而提高家庭安全性。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But recently a new smart camera made by a French company can recognize (辨别出) faces.”可知，这种由法国公司制造的新型相机能够辨别面孔，故选B。 【37题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“When family members enter a home, the camera will send a warn sound on the owner’s phone.”可知，当家庭成员进入家中时，相机都会向主人的手机发送警告声音，由此可推测warn意为“警报”，与alarm意思相近，故选C。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据“When family members enter a home, the camera will send a warn sound on the owner’s phone.”以及“It can also tell them if a stranger has entered their home. When family members enter a home, the camera will send a warn sound on the owner’s phone.”可知，当有陌生人进入家中时，智能相机会向主人的手机发送特殊声音，故选B。 【39题详解】 篇章结构题。文章第一段介绍了许多家庭使用相机来保护家庭安全，但这些相机不能辨别进入者的身份；第二段介绍了法国公司制造的新智能相机能够辨别面孔以及它的功能；第三、四、五段通过Damien的例子说明了这种智能相机的作用。故选B。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，这种智能相机能够辨别进入者的身份，并在有陌生人进入时向主人发送警报，从而提高家庭安全性，故选A。 The Chinese pingfeng (folding screen) is an ancient invention and traditional Chinese furniture (家具). Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty. The word pingfeng means protection from wind. As time passes, it has been made into different sizes with colorful paintings. On screens usually appears a dragon. It’s a symbol of light, growth and life. It also stands for power. The peacock, a beautiful bird, can be seen on screens, too. It’s a symbol of unending life. Beautiful flowers which mean wealth and good luck, are also very popular. All the paintings carry people’s beautiful wishes. There is an interesting story behind the pingfeng. In the past the unmarried daughter of a rich family shouldn’t talk or meet with a strange man. When an admirer (爱慕者) paid a visit, she might take a look at him from a screen, behind which she would be completely hidden. Her father would discuss poems with the young man and ask him to create one. If the daughter and her father were satisfied with the young man’s poem and his looks, she might agree to take him as a husband. Today the pingfeng is popular again for its beauty and its practical use as furniture. Acting as a moving wall or divider, it can be the perfect match for modern sofas and walls, which makes the house more beautiful. The pingfeng is more than beautiful furniture. 根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)、误(F)。 41. The pingfeng was used for dividing a room at the very beginning. 42. The painting of beautiful flowers on screens is a symbol of wealth and good luck. 43. There is a sad story about a girl and her father behind the pingfeng. 44. Nowadays the pingfeng is not only used as practical furniture. 45. The passage is mainly about how the Chinese pingfeng developed. 【答案】41. F 42. T 43. F 44. T 45. T 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统家具——屏风的相关信息，包括其由来、设计、背后的故事以及当代屏风的用途。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The word pingfeng means protection from wind.”可知，屏风最初是用来防风的，而不是用来分隔房间的。故选F。 42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Beautiful flowers which mean wealth and good luck, are also very popular.”可知，屏风上的美丽花朵象征着财富和好运。故选T。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据“There is an interesting story behind the pingfeng.”可知，屏风背后有一个有趣的故事，而不是一个悲伤的故事。故选F。 44题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Today the pingfeng is popular again for its beauty and its practical use as furniture. Acting as a moving wall or divider, it can be the perfect match for modern sofas and walls, which makes the house more beautiful.”和“The pingfeng is more than beautiful furniture.”可知，如今屏风不仅用作实用家具。故选T。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“As time passes, it has been made into different sizes with colorful paintings.”以及结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了中国屏风的发展历程。故选T。 Have you ever told a lie (说谎)? Scientists found that lying is bad for your brain. ____46____ When you tell the truth, your brain doesn’t have to do any other work. But lying takes much more work. Imagine you’re late for class. ____47____ So you say:“I picked up a book from the library. ”Your teacher asks:“The book I suggested last time?” Then you must decide how to answer the question. If you say yes, the teacher might ask to see the book. So you might say:“No.”____48____ No need to make sure it’s a book from the library. See? When you lie, your brain works a lot more to keep the lie from falling apart. You just gave your brain a lot of work. An area called the prefrontal cortex (前额皮质) does the work. It controls short memory. ____49____ Using too much brainpower to lie means you may not use it to do other things, like solving math problems. ____50____ The prefrontal cortex is not fully developed until age 25. So when young people are busy with lying, they’ll have a harder time doing other things, like making study plans or eating a healthy diet. So please think twice before lying next time. 阅读短文，把A～E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整。 A. The teacher asks why and you decide to lie. B. Lying is even harder for young people. C. Now you have to think of a book’s name. D. It may stop you from doing other important things. E. That area also takes care of planning, problem solving and self-control. 【答案】46. D 47. A 48. C 49. E 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了说谎对大脑的负面影响。 【46题详解】 根据“Scientists found that lying is bad for your brain.”可知，此处是说说谎对你的大脑有害。选项D“它会阻止你做其他重要的事情。”符合语境，故选D。 【47题详解】 根据“Imagine you’re late for class....Your teacher asks:“The book I suggested last time?”可知，这里提到了teacher，选项A“老师问你为什么迟到，你决定说个谎”符合语境，故选A。 【48题详解】 根据“No need to make sure it’s a book from the library.”可知，你需要确保这本书是图书馆的，选项C“现在你需要想出这本书的名字。”符合语境，故选C。 【49题详解】 根据“An area called the prefrontal cortex does the work. It controls short memory.”可知，前额皮质帮助人们完成谎言，选项E“这个区域负责计划、解决问题和自我控制。”符合语境，故选E。 【50题详解】 根据“So when young people are getting used to lying, they’ll have a harder time doing other things,”可知，上一句提出了为什么撒谎对年轻人来说更困难，选项B“这是因为前额皮质直到25岁才发育完全。”符合语境，故选B。 “On the very first day of 2024, I saw the snows of Kilimannjaro,” said Xu Zhuoyuan Xu climbed the tallest peak (山峰) in Africa on Jan. 1st. She even stood on top of Mount Qomolangma last May, making her the youngest Chinese girl to climb the world’s highest peak. Xu’s mountaineering journey began on a family trip to Xizang and Sichera n four years ago. Passing by Mount Siguniang in Sichuan, she was fascinated by its beauty and decided to try climbing it. She fell in love with mountaineering right then and there. For the next few years, Xu did hard training. She went to the mountains in Yunnan and Sichuan every month, climbing peaks over 5000 meters and doing daily physical exercises like running Above 4000 meters on Mount Kilimanjaro, the weather is similar to a desert, with big temperature differences. The whole climb took seven days. Looking ahead, Xu has set a great goal (目标) for herself. She plans to climb the highest peak on each of the seven continents (大陆) 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 51. When did Xu Zhuoyuan climb the tallest mountain in Africa? _______________________________________________________ 52. Where did Xu begin her first mountaineering journey? _______________________________________________________ 53. Why did Xu do hard training for a few years? _______________________________________________________ 54. What’s the main challenge while climbing Mount Kilimanjaro? _______________________________________________________ 55. What is Xu’s new great goal? _______________________________________________________ 【答案】51. On January 1,2024. 52. Mount Siguniang in Sichuan. 53. All that hard work got her ready for the big challenges she would face on Kilimanjaro. 54. Staying warm is the main challenge. 55. She plans to climb the highest peak on each of the seven continents. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了徐卓媛攀登非洲最高峰以及她的登山历程和未来目标。 【51题详解】 根据“‘On the very first day of 2024, I saw the snows of Kilimannjaro,’ said Xu Zhuoyuan”可知，徐卓媛于2024年1月1日攀登了非洲最高峰，故填On January 1, 2024. 【52题详解】 根据“Passing by Mount Siguniang in Sichuan, she was fascinated by its beauty and decided to try climbing it. She fell in love with mountaineering right then and there.”可知，徐卓媛的第一次登山之旅始于四川的四姑娘山，故填Mount Siguniang in Sichuan. 【53题详解】 根据“Above 4000 meters on Mount Kilimanjaro,the weather is similar to a desert, with big temperature differences”可知，乞力马扎罗山的环境很恶劣，为了面对这些挑战，因此徐卓媛进行几年艰苦训练，故填All that hard work got her ready for the big challenges she would face on Kilimanjaro. 【54题详解】 根据“Above 4000 meters on Mount Kilimanjaro, the weather is similar to a desert, with big temperature differences.”可知，攀登乞力马扎罗山的主要挑战是保持温暖，故填Staying warm is the main challenge. 【55题详解】 根据“She plans to climb the highest peak on each of the seven continents (大陆)”可知，徐卓媛的新目标是攀登七大洲的每一座最高峰，故填She plans to climb the highest peak on each of the seven continents. 四、语言运用（共10分） V. 短文填空. （10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Susan Jones often noticed people walking with guide dogs in her city. She was always interested in how the guide dogs did their work. She ____56____ (find) the answer when she heard about the Seeing Eye program, whose purpose (目的) is to train dogs to be guides ____57____ blind people. Last year, Susan and her family became Seeing Eye ____58____ (volunteer). They adopted (收养) a young Seeing Eye dog. “We spent a lot of time staying with him,” explained Susan. It took at least two years ____59____ (teach) the Seeing Eye dog all the skills he needed to guide a ____60____ (able) person. During the first month of life, the little dog lived with the family. When the dog was about one year old, it left its home. A trainer and a blind person taught the dog some skills. After ____61____ long and difficult training period, the dog and the blind person finally teamed up. Susan said there was a deep ____62____ (feel) between her and the little dog. “It was always hard ____63____ the time came to say goodbye,” she said. “But we knew that the little dog was going to help someone who ____64____ (strong) needed it. I feel good about having had a small part in giving the gift of ____65____ (independent) to someone who cannot see.” 【答案】56. found 57. for 58. volunteers 59. to teach 60. disabled 61. a 62. feeling 63. when 64. strongly 65. independence 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Susan在一次给导盲犬当志愿者的经历中，她明白了一只普通的小狗是如何一步步地成长为盲人的向导的。 【56题详解】 句意：当她听说Seeing Eye program时，她找到了答案。根据“She…the answer when she heard about the Seeing Eye program”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，此处应用动词的过去式。故填found。 【57题详解】 句意：其目的是训练狗成为盲人的向导。根据“whose purpose (目的) i s to train dogs to be guides…blind people.”可知，此处表示“为盲人”，用介词for，短语be guide for意为“作向导”。故填for。 【58题详解】 句意：去年，苏珊和她的家人成为Seeing Eye program的志愿者。根据空前的“Susan and her family”及提示词可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填volunteers。 【59题详解】 句意：教会导盲犬所有给盲人引路的技能花了至少两年的时间。根据“It took at least two years…the Seeing Eye dog…”及提示词可知，该句为句型“It takes/took sb. some time to dosth.”，意为“做某事花费某人多少时间”，动词不定式作主语，故填to teach。 【60题详解】  句意：教会导盲犬所有给盲人引路的技能花了至少两年的时间。根据“he needed to guide a…person.”及提示词可知，able“有能力的”，其反义词为disabled“丧失能力的”，此处用形容词disabled修饰名词person，表示残疾人。故填disabled。 【61题详解】 句意：经过一段漫长的艰难的训练时期，狗和盲人终于结成一队。根据“After…long and difficult training period, the dog and the blind person finally teamed up.”可知，此处表示一段漫长的艰难的训练时期，用不定冠词a修饰名词period，意为“一段”。故填a。 【62题详解】 句意：苏珊说她和这条狗狗有深厚的感情。根据“Susan said there was a deep…between her and the little dog.”及提示词可知，feel“感受”为动词，此处表示她和这条狗狗有深厚的感情，用名词feeling。故填feeling。 【63题详解】  句意：当告别的时刻到来时，总是很难过。根据“It was always hard…the time came to say goodbye”可知，此处表示“当……时候”，用连词when引导时间状语从句。故填when。 【64题详解】 句意：但是我们知道这只小狗即将去帮助那些强烈需要它的人。根据“But we knew that the little dog was going to help someone who…needed it.”及提示词可知，strong“强烈的”为形容词，此处用副词strongly修饰动词needed，表示强烈需要。故填strongly。 【65题详解】 句意：我为能在给予看不见的人独立的礼物中尽一份微薄之力而感到高兴。根据“I feel good about having had a small part in giving the gift of…to someone who cannot see.”及提示词可知，independent“独立的”为形容词，此处表示“独立”，用名词independence表示。故填independence。 五、书面表达（共20分） 66. 假如你是 Alice，你得知2024长春马拉松(Marathon)组委会正在招聘志愿者。请根据下面要点和要求，用英语写一封不少于40词的申请信。 要点： 1. 擅长英语； 2. 热爱运动； 3. 乐于助人。 要求：要点齐全；表述通顺；简洁得体。 Dear Sir /Madam, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Alice 【答案】参考例文： Dear Sir /Madam, My name is Alice. I would like to work as a volunteer for the the Marathon. I’m a 14-year-old girl from middle school in Changchun, where the Marathon will be held. I am good at English. My spoken English is quite good. As a result, I can communicate with foreigners fluently. I’m an outgoing girl and I am always ready to help others. What’s more, I’m especially fond of sports. I know more about the Marathon. I think I am suitable to be a volunteer in the Games. If chosen, I will try my best to provide the best service for every athlete from different countries. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours truly, Alice 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇书信作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏提示中的要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，先介绍自己并表明写信目的； 第二步，介绍自己的优势，例如擅长英语、热爱运动和乐于助人； 第三步，书写结束语，表达希望得到回复的愿望。 [亮点词汇] ①as a result 因此 ②communicate with 与……沟通 ③be ready to do 乐意做某事 ④be fond of 喜欢 ⑤try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大的努力做某事 ⑥provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物 [高分句型] ①I’m a 14-year-old girl from middle school in Changchun, where the Marathon will be held.（where引导的定语从句） ②If chosen, I will try my best to provide the best service for every athlete from different countries.（if引导的条件状语从句） 67. 学校即将开展“一器一物，遇见旧时光”英语故事分享会。请你写一篇不少于80词的英语短文介绍一件对你而言有意义的物品，讲讲你和它之间的故事，并说明你认为它有意义的理由。(文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考例文： The most meaningful thing is a nice watch for me. The watch is yellow, just like a lovely cat. That is the kind I like best. It has special meaning to me. My grandfather bought it for me as a present on my tenth birthday. It has always been with me. Whatever I do, wherever I go, I take it with me. It is very useful. It works all day and all night and it never feels tired. It tells me exact time and tells me what I should do at different time of the day. With its help, I try to make use of the time instead of wasting the time. It still works very well. I regard it as my best friend. I think I will take good care of it. Because it always reminds me of the love from my grandfather. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”； ③提示：考生注意根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。 [写作步骤] 第一步，先介绍一件对你而言有意义的物品； 第二步，再具体介绍你和它之间的故事； 第三步，书写结束语，表达这件物品对自己的重要意义及原因。 [亮点词汇] ①make use of 使用 ②instead of 而不是 ③regard...as 把……视为 ④take good care of 爱护 ⑤remind sb of 使某人想起 [高分句型] ①It tells me exact time and tells me what I should do at different time of the day.（what引导的宾语从句） ②I think I will take good care of it.（省略that宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 吉林省长春市绿园区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题 一、基础知识（共10分） I. 单项选择. （10分）从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案. 1. Our teachers often tell us that it’s important to be ________ honest person. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. —What’s the matter? —My friend hurt her ________. She can hardly walk. A. hand B. neck C. knee D. stomachache 3. The good news of our basketball team winning the game ________ the whole class. A. cheered up B. set up C. got up D. hurried up 4. —________ Mr.Smith was very tired，he stayed up late to finish his work. —How hard－working he is! A. Because B. Unless C. When D. Although 5. Bob is a careful man. He ________ the dictionary for two years, but it is still new. A. has bought B. has borrowed C. has had D. bought 6. After a busy day's work,he felt tired and sat ________ the wall for half an hour just now. A. over B. against C. below D. across 7. —Did you notice your mother go out just now? —No, I didn’t. I________ TV then. A. was watching B. am watching C. have watched D. will watch 8. Different apps on the phone make it ________ to learn English for the students than before. A. easily B. easier C. easy D. more easily 9. Tourists can choose to visit Kunming ________ they like, spring, summer. A. whoever B. whatever C. whenever D. wherever 10. The match was really fantastic, ________ when Claudia got a point in the last minute. A. probably B. actually C. mostly D. especially 二、交际运用（共5 分） 根据对话内容，运用所给的句子选项补全对话。选项中有一项是多余的。 （M＝Mom S＝Susan） M: You look upset, Susan. ____11____ S: I argued with my best friend. I want to help her out, but she didn’t listen to me. M: Well, sometimes it’s not easy to get others to accept advice. S: ____12____ M: First, never try to change anyone. Let people live how they want to live. S:Sounds reasonable. ____13____ M: Second, treat others how you wish to be treated. S: I see. ____14____ M: And never say anything bad about someone behind theır backs. S: Yes. ____15____ M: Last but not least, be a good listener so that we can know what people really think. S: You’re right, mom. I feel much better now. Thank you. M: I’m happy to hear that, honey. You’re welcome. A. I hope so. B. What happened? C. That will break up a friendship. D. Everyone is special and has their own thoughts. E. What do you think I should do, mom? F. That’s why you always smile and help others. III. 完形填空.（15 分） 阅读短文，掌握其大意,然后从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案. Long long ago, there was a king. He loved animals very much. One day he got two nice falcons (猎鹰) from his son. He had never seen such ____16____ falcons before. He loved them so much and he ordered the best falconer to ____17____ them to fly. After several months, the king came to see ____18____ the training was going on. He found that one falcon had already been able to fly high in the sky, while the other was ____19____ on the branch (树枝) of a tree quietly. The king called all his falconers together and ordered them to ____20____ every way they could to make the other falcon fly. But none of them ____21____. One day, while the king was taking a walk in the forest, an idea came to ____22____. Maybe someone who knew the natural environment well could ____23____ this problem. Then he invited a farmer who lived in the forest into his house to train it at once. The next morning, the king saw the other falcon flying in the sky ____24____. He felt very surprised. “It is ____25____!” shouted the king. “How could you ____26____ it happen?” The farmer replied, “It is very easy. I just ____27____ the branch where the falcon rested. It had no place to rest. Then it had to ____28____.” It is always the same to human beings. We all have “two flying wings” in our hearts as well. But it seems that we don’t notice them and stay in a place where we just feel ____29____ and comfortable. We won’t realize we can fly so high and freely until the branches we are resting on ____30____. So let’s go out of our comfort zone and fly further into the sky. 16. A. crazy B. stupid C. sick D. beautiful 17. A. cause B. compare C. train D. protect 18. A. what B. when C. where D. how 19. A. marking B. staying C. shaking D. checking 20. A. try B. count C. decide D. record 21. A. failed B. included C. agreed D. succeeded 22. A. us B. him C. me D. them 23. A. copy B. mean C. provide D. solve 24. A. deeply B. simply C. freely D. strangely 25. A. unbelievable B. unfair C. unusual D. unhappy 26. A. make B. keep C. allow D. lead 27. A. get off B. turn off C. cut off D. put off 28 A. jump B. fly C. search D. shoot 29. A. peaceful B. awake C. dangerous D. bright 30. A. drop B. break C. shine D. rise IV. 阅读理解. （30分） On March 15, a wildfire swept a forest in Yajiang county, Sichuan province. Luckily (伤亡). Wildfires can be very dangerous as they go quickly. ①__________ In 2023, there were 328 wildfires in China. 147 of them happened in March and April, making up almost half of the wildfires. ②__________ •There is little rainfall in many areas, such as Southwest China. •Plants are starting to grow and recover from winter. •Strong winds are quite common at this time, making wildfires more easily. ③__________ Stay calm. This will help you to make better decisions. Watch the wind Stay upwind (逆风) of the fire. Change the place where you are quickly if it starts blowing towards you. If the fire is all around you, protect yourself with a wet covering and look for areas with water. Wide roads can also help keep a space between you and the fire. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 31. What percent of wildfires in China happened in March and April? A. Almost 50%. B. Almost 80%. C. Almost 20%. D. Almost 90%. 32. What’s the right order of the title for each part? a. Why do wildfires happen a lot in spring? b. What should we do in the face of a wildfire? c. How often do wildfires appear? A. a→b→c. B. b→a→c. C. c→a→b. D. c→b→a. 33. Which of the following place is safe when there is a wildfire? A. B. C. D. 34. What can you use to cover yourself if the fire is all around you? A. Warm clothes. B. A wet quilt. C. A dry quilt. D. Soft toys. 35 Why does the writer write this article? A. To introduce a wildfire happened in Sichuan. B. To show people some reasons of wildfires. C. To tell people to protect themselves in wildfires. D. To list some wildfire cases. ①Many homes have cameras to protect them from danger. The cameras can tell the owners if someone has entered (进入) . But the cameras do not know whether the person is a family member, a friend ②But recently a new smart camera made by a French company can recognize (辨别出) faces. It can tell parents at work that their children have returned from school, or that the mail has been sent to their home. It can also tell them if a stranger has entered their home. When family members enter a home, the camera will send a warn sound on the owner’s phone. ③This is what happened recently to a smart home camera owner named Damien. He lives in Paris. ④“On a Friday I was at work, having a big monthly meeting when my phone made a special sound. At first I told myself ‘Oh, it must be a wrong warn,’ but my phone was telling me there was a face that the camera did not recognize. Something was happening in my house!" ⑤“I saw a person I did not know with his shoes on, which is not allowed in my apartment. I watched it on the video. I felt quite surprised. I hurried back home as fast as possible and called the police on the way. Thanks to the smart camera, the criminal was caught soon,” said Damien. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答。 36. The new camera made by a French company can ________. A. recognize voices B. recognize faces C. recognize objects D. recognize colors 37. The underlined word"warn"in the passage most probably means ________. A. advice B. message C. alarm D. research 38. When a stranger enters a home, the smart camera will ________. A. take a photo of the stranger B. send a special sound to the owner’s phone C. call the police at once D. tell the owner through video chat 39. If we put the passage into three parts, which of the following is the best? A. B. C. D. 40. What can we know from the passage? A. Smart cameras can improve home safety. B. Smart cameras were already used long ago. C. People don’t need the police after using smart cameras. D. A stranger doesn’t need to take off his shoes when entering Damien’s house. The Chinese pingfeng (folding screen) is an ancient invention and traditional Chinese furniture (家具). Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty. The word pingfeng means protection from wind. As time passes, it has been made into different sizes with colorful paintings. On screens usually appears a dragon. It’s a symbol of light, growth and life. It also stands for power. The peacock, a beautiful bird, can be seen on screens, too. It’s a symbol of unending life. Beautiful flowers which mean wealth and good luck, are also very popular. All the paintings carry people’s beautiful wishes. There is an interesting story behind the pingfeng. In the past the unmarried daughter of a rich family shouldn’t talk or meet with a strange man. When an admirer (爱慕者) paid a visit, she might take a look at him from a screen, behind which she would be completely hidden. Her father would discuss poems with the young man and ask him to create one. If the daughter and her father were satisfied with the young man’s poem and his looks, she might agree to take him as a husband. Today the pingfeng is popular again for its beauty and its practical use as furniture. Acting as a moving wall or divider, it can be the perfect match for modern sofas and walls, which makes the house more beautiful. The pingfeng is more than beautiful furniture 根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)、误(F)。 41. The pingfeng was used for dividing a room at the very beginning. 42. The painting of beautiful flowers on screens is a symbol of wealth and good luck. 43. There is a sad story about a girl and her father behind the pingfeng. 44. Nowadays the pingfeng is not only used as practical furniture. 45. The passage is mainly about how the Chinese pingfeng developed. Have you ever told a lie (说谎)? Scientists found that lying is bad for your brain. ____46____ When you tell the truth, your brain doesn’t have to do any other work. But lying takes much more work. Imagine you’re late for class. ____47____ So you say:“I picked up a book from the library. ”Your teacher asks:“The book I suggested last time?” Then you must decide how to answer the question. If you say yes, the teacher might ask to see the book. So you might say:“No.”____48____ No need to make sure it’s a book from the library. See? When you lie, your brain works a lot more to keep the lie from falling apart. You just gave your brain a lot of work. An area called the prefrontal cortex (前额皮质) does the work. It controls short memory. ____49____ Using too much brainpower to lie means you may not use it to do other things like solving math problems. ____50____ The prefrontal cortex is not fully developed until age 25. So when young people are busy with lying, they’ll have a harder time doing other things, like making study plans or eating a healthy diet. So please think twice before lying next time. 阅读短文，把A～E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整。 A. The teacher asks why and you decide to lie. B. Lying is even harder for young people. C. Now you have to think of a book’s name. D. It may stop you from doing other important things. E. That area also takes care of planning, problem solving and self-control. “On the very first day of 2024, I saw the snows of Kilimannjaro,” said Xu Zhuoyuan Xu climbed the tallest peak (山峰) in Africa on Jan. 1st. She even stood on top of Mount Qomolangma last May, making her the youngest Chinese girl to climb the world’s highest peak. Xu’s mountaineering journey began on a family trip to Xizang and Sichera n four years ago. Passing by Mount Siguniang in Sichuan, she was fascinated by its beauty and decided to try climbing it. She fell in love with mountaineering right then and there. For the next few years, Xu did hard training. She went to the mountains in Yunnan and Sichuan every month, climbing peaks over 5000 meters and doing daily physical exercises like running Above 4000 meters on Mount Kilimanjaro, the weather is similar to a desert, with big temperature differences. The whole climb took seven days. Looking ahead, Xu has set a great goal (目标) for herself. She plans to climb the highest peak on each of the seven continents (大陆) 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 51. When did Xu Zhuoyuan climb the tallest mountain in Africa? _______________________________________________________ 52. Where did Xu begin her first mountaineering journey? _______________________________________________________ 53. Why did Xu do hard training for a few years? _______________________________________________________ 54. What’s the main challenge while climbing Mount Kilimanjaro? _______________________________________________________ 55. What is Xu’s new great goal? _______________________________________________________ 四、语言运用（共10分） V. 短文填空. （10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Susan Jones often noticed people walking with guide dogs in her city. She was always interested in how the guide dogs did their work. She ____56____ (find) the answer when she heard about the Seeing Eye program, whose purpose (目的) is to train dogs to be guides ____57____ blind people. Last year, Susan and her family became Seeing Eye ____58____ (volunteer). They adopted (收养) a young Seeing Eye dog. “We spent a lot of time staying with him,” explained Susan. It took at least two years ____59____ (teach) the Seeing Eye dog all the skills he needed to guide a ____60____ (able) person. During the first month of life, the little dog lived with the family. When the dog was about one year old, it left its home. A trainer and a blind person taught the dog some skills. After ____61____ long and difficult training period, the dog and the blind person finally teamed up. Susan said there was a deep ____62____ (feel) between her and the little dog. “It was always hard ____63____ the time came to say goodbye,” she said. “But we knew that the little dog was going to help someone who ____64____ (strong) needed it. I feel good about having had a small part in giving the gift of ____65____ (independent) to someone who cannot see.” 五、书面表达（共20分） 66. 假如你是 Alice，你得知2024长春马拉松(Marathon)组委会正在招聘志愿者。请根据下面要点和要求，用英语写一封不少于40词的申请信。 要点： 1. 擅长英语； 2. 热爱运动； 3. 乐于助人。 要求：要点齐全；表述通顺；简洁得体。 Dear Sir /Madam, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Alice 67. 学校即将开展“一器一物，遇见旧时光”英语故事分享会。请你写一篇不少于80词的英语短文介绍一件对你而言有意义的物品，讲讲你和它之间的故事，并说明你认为它有意义的理由。(文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $