03 Unit 3 单元语法多题型综合练(由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句)-2024-2025学年高一英语重难知识&题型精练(译林版2020必修第一册)

Unit 3 Getting along with others (译林版2020必修第一册) 单元语法多题型综合练(由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句) Ⅰ用适当的关系代词填空 1. The man ________ you met yesterday is my father’s schoolmate. 2. They talked about their classmates and things ________ they still remembered in middle school. 3. The man ________ is walking on the playground is my old friend. 4. A plane is a machine ________ can fly. 5. He is the boy ________ father is a teacher. 6. This is the hospital ________ we visited yesterday. 7. Women don’t think in the same way ________ men do. 8. The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything ________ they could find. 9. Is this the young boy ________ saved several other students trapped under buildings? 10. Several days later, most of the buildings ________ had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired. 11. Have you ever read the book, ________ was written by a young girl? 12. Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library ________ was newly open. 13. The film star and her film ________ you have just talked about are really well known. 14. Chatting was the only thing ________  interested her. 15. This is the most delicious food ________  I have ever had. 16. This is all ________ I can do for you. 17. The dictionary  ________ I bought last week is very useful and handy. 18. You may have chances to meet new people ________ will become your lifelong friends. 19. The mother made a promise ________ pleased all her children. 20. Gig workers, often referred to as independent contractors(承包人) or temporary workers, are those such as delivery drivers and online sales hosts ________ often enter into contracts with on-demand companies to provide services for their clients. 21. This is such an interesting work of art ________ all of us like. 22. I will help those ________ are in need of help. 23. The letter was one of the earliest documents on record ________ mentioned tofu in the West. 24. My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to the place ________ is the center of the town. 25. She was not the woman ________ she used to be. 26. The injured boy ________ mother was lost in the disaster was sent to the hospital. 27. The teacher and the books ________ he recommended were excellent. 28. One ________ has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. 29. The house ________ faces south is for the doctor. 30. Could you tell me the reason ________ he gave you yesterday? 31. The third place ________ they visited was the Great Wall. 32. Please tell me the reason ________ can explain your absence reasonably. 33. This is all ________ I want to say at the meeting. 34. The girl ________ won the first prize in the contest is from Zhejiang. 35. This kind of book is for children ________ native language is English. 36. Is this the museum ________ you once paid a visit to? 37. We won’t believe the reasons ________ they told us unless they give other evidence. 38. They will never forget the year ________ they spent together on the island. 39. China is widely known for its ancient civilization ________ has continued all the way through into modern times. 40. I ran through the crowd of people ________ were hurrying to get on the train. 41. Festivals are occasions ________ allow us to relax and enjoy life. 42. Do you still remember the days ________ we spent together? 43. He used the donated fund and his own money to pay the 50 pounds per child ________ the British government required. 44. After graduation, he joined the very organization ________ was set up to help the seniors. 45. Our teacher did all ________ he could to help us. 46. We young people should go to the place ________ is in need of help. 47. After each cycle of trading, companies ________ have leftover carbon allowances(限额) can sell them to others. 48. Instead of an economy of the typical take-make-dispose model, ChopValue seeks to create one ________ transforms waste into a usable resource. 49. What makes something a sport? Traditional definitions usually included some physical activities ________ show athletic ability or strength. 50. On the top of the mountain stands an ancient temple ________ dates back to the Tang Dynasty. Ⅱ. 句型转换 1. The fish isn’t fresh. We bought the fish yesterday. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句) ________________________________________________ 2. I have ever seen the film and it is the most interesting film. (改写定语从句) ________________________________________________ 3. The person is Mr. Ball. You should ask him about the matter. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句) ________________________________________________ 4. The boys are my friends. The boys are playing football. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句) ________________________________________________ 5. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 6. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 7. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework hasn’t been handed in. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 9. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 10. The student’s article was published in the magazine. I know the student. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 11. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress. I lent her the new dress. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 12. During school breaks, events like long-distance racing, rope skipping, badminton, and basketball were held separately. (将下面简单句转化为复合句) →________________________________________________ 13. The writer was invited to the Reading Festival. His short story won the contest.(用定语从句合并) ________________________________________________ 14. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park. (用定语从句合并) →________________________________________________ is our geography teacher. 15. Last week Mary wore the dress. I gave it to her. →Last week ________________________________________________ I gave to her. 16. The woman is my mother. You are looking after her. →________________________________________________ is my mother. (用定语从句合并) 17. I live next door to a couple. Their children often make a lot of noise. →I live next door to a couple ________________________________________________.(用定语从句合并) 18. The city is near the sea. The city is very beautiful. →The city ________________________________________________.(用定语从句合并) 19. She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree. The tree was decorated very nicely. (用定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________ 20. The Crescent Moon is perhaps the most famous collection of children's poems. It is known to people in China. (用关系代词或副词合并) ________________________________________________ Ⅲ 完成句子 1. 社交媒体和他们周围的人都会影响他们看待自己外貌的方式。(the way作先行词) Both social media and people around them influence ________________________________. 2. 《哈利·波特》是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。 Harry Potter is the most interesting story ________________________________. 3. 当心！不要太靠近那间正在维修屋顶的房子。 Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ________________________________. 4. 我们将学习一些写于唐朝的中国诗歌。 We are going to learn some Chinese poems ________________________________ in the Tang Dynasty. 5. 那些自信和乐观的人更有可能实现他们的目标。 Those ________________________________ are more likely to achieve their goals. 6. 中国是一个拥有5 000多年历史的国家。 China is a country ________________________________. 7. 无论是谁离开办公室都应该告诉我。 Anyone ________________________________ leaves the office should tell me. 8. 他讲的都是事实。 The thing ________________ he said was perfectly true. 9. 音乐是我所依靠的岩石，它让我变得坚强，并度过了那些艰难的岁月。 Music was the rock ________________ to become strong and to ________________ those hard times. 10. 那座雕刻着印度神话故事的复杂石刻神庙群，就是印度著名的卡朱拉霍古迹群，因其卓越的艺术与雕塑价值而广受认可。 The temple  ________________ complex intricate carvings tell stories from Hindu mythology is the Khajuraho Group of Monuments in India, recognized for their exceptional artistic and sculptural significance. ( 4 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Getting along with others (译林版2020必修第一册) 单元语法多题型综合练(由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句) Ⅰ用适当的关系代词填空 1. The man ________ you met yesterday is my father’s schoolmate. 【答案】whom/who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你昨天遇到的那个人是我父亲的同学。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，man是先行词，它在从句中作met的宾语，指人，因此可以使用whom或who或that引导定语从句，故填whom或who或that。 2. They talked about their classmates and things ________ they still remembered in middle school. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们谈到了他们的同学和中学时还记得的事情。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是their classmates and things，即指人又指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作remembered的宾语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 3. The man ________ is walking on the playground is my old friend. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正在操场上散步的那个人是我的老朋友。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是The man，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。 4. A plane is a machine ________ can fly. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：飞机是一种会飞的机器。空处引导定语从句，先行词是machine，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导，故填that/which。 5. He is the boy ________ father is a teacher. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他就是那个爸爸是老师的男孩。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the boy，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，修饰名词father，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 6. This is the hospital ________ we visited yesterday. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我们昨天参观的医院。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the hospital，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作visited的宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。 7. Women don’t think in the same way ________ men do. 【答案】that/in which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：女人的思维方式和男人不同。分析句子结构可知，“ men do”是定语从句，修饰先行词“way”。换言之，the way在后边定语从句作方式状语。当the way作为先行词且定语从句缺状语时，关系词可以用that、in which，或者关系词可以省略。但考虑到到该题属于语法填空，故填that或in which。 8. The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything ________ they could find. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：第二天，人们用他们能找到的任何东西在露天搭建避难所。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是不定代词anything，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作could find的宾语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 9. Is this the young boy ________ saved several other students trapped under buildings? 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是救了其他几个被困在建筑物下的学生的那个小男孩吗？本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是boy，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。 10. Several days later, most of the buildings ________ had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：几天后，被飓风破坏的大部分建筑都得到了修复。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是buildings，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 11. Have you ever read the book, ________ was written by a young girl? 【答案】which 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：你读过这本书吗？一个小女孩写的这本书。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the book，指物，在从句中充当主语，故应用which引导，故填which。 12. Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library ________ was newly open. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我给你看看我从新开的图书管里借的小说。此处引导定语从句，先行词为the library，指物，在定语从句中充当主语，且前文已经有了that引导的定语从句修饰the novel，故此处用which引导，故填which。 13. The film star and her film ________ you have just talked about are really well known. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你们刚刚谈论的这个电影明星和她的电影都非常出名。此处引导定语从句，先行词为The film start and her film，在定语从句中充当宾语，且先行词即指人又指物，应用that引导，故填that。 14. Chatting was the only thing ________  interested her. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：聊天是唯一能使她感兴趣的事情。此处引导定语从句，先行词为the only thing，在定语从句中充当主语，且先行词被the only修饰，故应用that引导，故填that。 15. This is the most delicious food ________  I have ever had. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我吃过最美味的食物。此处引导定语从句，先行词为the most delicious food，在定语从句中充当宾语，且先行词被形容词的最高级修饰，故只能用that引导，故填that。 16. This is all ________ I can do for you. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我能为你做的所有。此处引导定语从句，先行词为all，指物，在从句中充当宾语，先行词为all不定代词，故只能用that引导，故填that。 17. The dictionary  ________ I bought last week is very useful and handy. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我上周买的这本字典非常实用也很方便。此处引导定语从句，先行词为the dictionary，指物，在定语从句中充当宾语，故应用which/that引导定语从句，充当宾语也可以省略，故填which/that。 18. You may have chances to meet new people ________ will become your lifelong friends. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你可以有机会去认识新的人，这些人可能会成为你一生的朋友。此处引导定语从句，先行词为new people，指人，在定语从句中充当主语，故应用who/that引导，故填who/that。 19. The mother made a promise ________ pleased all her children. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位母亲做出了一个令所有孩子都满意的承诺。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为promise，指代事物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系动词that或which引导。故填that/which。 20. Gig workers, often referred to as independent contractors(承包人) or temporary workers, are those such as delivery drivers and online sales hosts ________ often enter into contracts with on-demand companies to provide services for their clients. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：零工经济工作者，常被称为独立承包人或临时工，比如快递司机和在线销售主播，他们经常与按需服务公司签订合同，为客户提供服务。空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词those。先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。 21. This is such an interesting work of art ________ all of us like. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一件我们大家都喜欢的有趣的艺术品。空处引导的是定语从句，先行词an interesting work of art前有such修饰，所以这里用as引导从句，as在定语从句中作like的宾语。故填as。 22. I will help those ________ are in need of help. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我将帮助那些有需要的人。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词为不定代词those，指人，且定语从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 23. The letter was one of the earliest documents on record ________ mentioned tofu in the West. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这封信是西方最早记载豆腐的文献之一。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词documents指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，且因为先行词中含有形容词最高级，故空处只能填关系代词that。故填that。 24. My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to the place ________ is the center of the town. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我叔叔是一家餐馆的老板，那家餐馆离市中心很近。the place为先行词，作定语从句中的主语，表示物，用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 25. She was not the woman ________ she used to be. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她已经不是以前的她了。the woman为先行词，表示人，作定语从句中作表语，可以用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 26. The injured boy ________ mother was lost in the disaster was sent to the hospital. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那个在灾难中失去母亲的受伤男孩被送往医院。空处引导定语从句，先行词是The injured boy，关系词在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 27. The teacher and the books ________ he recommended were excellent. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：老师以及他推荐的书都是极好的。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the teacher and the books，既指人又指物，关系词在定语从句中作recommended的宾语，只能用that不用which。故填that。 28. One ________ has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个对自己没有什么可害怕的人敢于说实话。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词One，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 29. The house ________ faces south is for the doctor. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：朝南的房子是给医生的。本句为包含定语从句的复合句，这里的The house是先行词，需要一个关系代词引导定语从句，同时这个关系代词在从句中作主语。因此应该使用关系代词that或which来引导定语从句。故填that/which。 30. Could you tell me the reason ________ he gave you yesterday? 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：你能告诉我他昨天给你的理由吗？空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，关系词在从句中作gave的直接宾语，用关系代词which/that。故填that/which。 31. The third place ________ they visited was the Great Wall. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们参观的第三个地方是长城。设空处的词引导定语从句，先行词是The third place，引导词指代先行词在句子中作宾语，先行词被序数词修饰只能用that不用which。故填that。 32. Please tell me the reason ________ can explain your absence reasonably. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：请告诉我那个能够合理解释你缺席的原因。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the reason，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。 33. This is all ________ I want to say at the meeting. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我在会议上想说的一切。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是all，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，当先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代词时，只能用that不用which引导定语从句。故填that。 34. The girl ________ won the first prize in the contest is from Zhejiang. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在比赛中获得一等奖的那个女孩来自浙江。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词The girl，设空处指代先行词在从句中作主语，先行词指人，故填who。 35. This kind of book is for children ________ native language is English. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这种书是给母语是英语的孩子们看的。空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词children，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作native language的定语，意思是“孩子们的初衷母语”，应使用具有所属关系的关系代词whose引导该定语从句。故填whose。 36. Is this the museum ________ you once paid a visit to? 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：这是你曾经参观过的那个博物馆吗？空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the museum，在从句中作介词to的宾语，用关系代词that/which。故答案是that/which。 37. We won’t believe the reasons ________ they told us unless they give other evidence. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：除非他们提供其他证据，否则我们不会相信他们告诉我们的理由。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词reasons是原因，因此空格处用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 38. They will never forget the year ________ they spent together on the island. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们永远不会忘记他们一起在岛上度过的那年。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的限制性定语从句，从句中缺少spent的宾语，所以此处应为关系代词，先形词the year指的是时间，所以此处使用that或者which。故填that/which。 39. China is widely known for its ancient civilization ________ has continued all the way through into modern times. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国以其一直延续到现代的古老文明而闻名。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词its ancient civilization，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that作引导词。故填which/that。 40. I ran through the crowd of people ________ were hurrying to get on the train. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我跑过那些正匆忙赶火车的人群。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词是 people，指人，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词 who或that 引导该从句，故填 who/that。 41. Festivals are occasions ________ allow us to relax and enjoy life. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：节日是让我们放松和享受生活的场合。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词occasions指的是场合，所以使用that或which。故填that/which。 42. Do you still remember the days ________ we spent together? 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查关系代词。句意：你还记得我们一起度过的日子吗？分析句子结构可知该句为定语从句，先行词为the days指物，在从句中充当spent的宾语，故填that/which。 43. He used the donated fund and his own money to pay the 50 pounds per child ________ the British government required. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他用捐赠的资金和自己的钱支付了英国政府要求的每个孩子50英镑。先行词为50 pounds ，作定语从句中required的宾语，关系代词为that或者which。故填that/which。 44. After graduation, he joined the very organization ________ was set up to help the seniors. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：毕业后，他加入了为帮助老年人而成立的组织。空处引导定语从句，先行词是organization，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语且先行词被the very修饰，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 45. Our teacher did all ________ he could to help us. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们的老师尽他所能帮助我们。空处引导定语从句，先行词是all，关系词在从句中作宾语，用关系代词that引导，故填that。 46. We young people should go to the place ________ is in need of help. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们年轻人应该去需要帮助的地方。先行the place，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 47. After each cycle of trading, companies ________ have leftover carbon allowances(限额) can sell them to others. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在每个交易周期结束后，有剩余碳配额的公司可以将其出售给其他公司。根据空后谓语动词have和can sell可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词companies，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 48. Instead of an economy of the typical take-make-dispose model, ChopValue seeks to create one ________ transforms waste into a usable resource. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：ChopValue追求的不是典型的“开采-制造-废弃”经济模式，而是打造一个将废弃物转化为可用资源的经济模式。根据空前谓语动词seeks和空后谓语动词transforms，且句子不能构成并列句，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词one，one指代an economy model，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，one为不定代词，其后定语从句不宜用which引导，应用关系代词that。故填that。 49. What makes something a sport? Traditional definitions usually included some physical activities ________ show athletic ability or strength. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：什么让某项活动成为一项运动？传统定义通常包括一些展示体育能力和力量的身体活动。根据空前谓语动词included和空后谓语动词show，且句子不能构成并列句，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词physical activities，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。 50. On the top of the mountain stands an ancient temple ________ dates back to the Tang Dynasty. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：山顶上矗立着一座可以追溯到唐朝的古庙。空处引导定语从句，先行词an ancient temple，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 Ⅱ. 句型转换 1. The fish isn’t fresh. We bought the fish yesterday. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句) ________________________________________________ 【答案】The fish we bought yesterday isn’t fresh./The fish that we bought yesterday isn’t fresh./The fish which we bought yesterday isn’t fresh. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这条鱼不新鲜。我们昨天买了鱼。按照要求改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句，将第一句作为主句，第二句改成限制性定语从句，先行词是The fish，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作bought的宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导，也可以省略关系代词。故答案为：The fish (that/which) we bought yesterday isn’t fresh.。 2. I have ever seen the film and it is the most interesting film. (改写定语从句) ________________________________________________ 【答案】It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我看过这部电影，它是最有趣的电影。句子可理解为“这是我看过的最有趣的电影”，原句中的it指代的是“the film”，改为定语从句时，用film做先行词，前面用the most interesting修饰，先行词film是“电影”，且被最高级the most interesting修饰，因此关系代词只用that，不用which，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，that可省略，时态不变，因此句子改为“It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen”，故答案为It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen. 3. The person is Mr. Ball. You should ask him about the matter. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句) ________________________________________________ 【答案】The person (who/whom/that) you should ask about the matter is Mr. Ball. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个人就是鲍尔先生。你应该问他这件事。根据要求可知，这两句可以合成限制性定语从句，先行词The person ，为人，在从句中作ask的宾语，所以可用关系代词who或者whom或者that。故改为The person (who/whom/that) you should ask about the matter is Mr. Ball. 4. The boys are my friends. The boys are playing football. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句) ________________________________________________ 【答案】The boys who/that are playing football are my friends. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正在踢足球的那些男孩是我的朋友。原句是两个简单句，可将第二句改写为定语从句，先行词是boys，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词who或that引导，故答案为The boys who/that are playing football are my friends. 5. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 【答案】The tree that he is climbing is quite tall./The tree which he is climbing is quite tall./The tree he is climbing is quite tall. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他正在爬的那棵树相当高。根据题干要求，将前句作为主句，后句改为定语从句，其中后句中宾语“it”指代前句中的主语“The tree”，因此，先行词确定为 “The tree”，在从句中作宾语，可用关系代词that/which引导从句，也可省略关系词，因此定语从句为“(that/which) he is climbing”，置于先行词之后。故答案为：The tree that he is climbing is quite tall./The tree which he is climbing is quite tall./The tree he is climbing is quite tall. 6. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 【答案】The boy who/that was here a minute ago is my brother. 【详解】考查句型转换。句意：这个男孩是我弟弟。他一分钟前还在这里。根据句子要求可知，两句话可合成定语从句，先行词为The boy，为人，在从句was here a minute ago中作主语，所以这应用关系代词who或者that。故转变为The boy who/that was here a minute ago is my brother. 7. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework hasn’t been handed in. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 【答案】I want to talk to the boys whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想和孩子们谈谈。他们的作业还没交。按照要求用定语从句合并句子，将第一句作主句，先行词是the boys，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作homework的定语，故用关系代词whose引导，将第二句中的Their替换为whose。故答案为：I want to talk to the boys whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 【答案】The train that/which was going to Nanning was late. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：火车晚点了。它是去南宁的。原句为两个句子，根据要求，合并为一个句子，it指代上文提到的the train，改写后的句子主语是the train，表达物的名词，后面接定语从句时，因在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which或that来引导，故答案为The train that/which was going to Nanning was late. 9. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 【答案】The letter that I received yesterday is from my sister./ The letter which I received yesterday is from my sister./ The letter I received yesterday is from my sister. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这封信是我姐姐寄来的。我昨天收到的。将the letter作为先行词，第二个句子处理为定语从句，先行词the letter指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that/which引导，或者将that省略。故答案是The letter (that/which) I received yesterday is from my sister.。 10. The student’s article was published in the magazine. I know the student. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 【答案】I know the student whose article was published in the magazine. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个学生的文章发表在杂志上。我认识这个学生。分析句子可知，两个句子的重叠部分为the student，所以 the student为先行词，其所有格修饰名词article作定语，第一句“The student’s article was published in the magazine.”可改写为定语从句whose article was published in the magazine，修饰第二句中the student，关系代词whose指代先行词的所有格，表示“……的”，在定语从句中作定语。故改为：I know the student whose article was published in the magazine. 11. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress. I lent her the new dress. (用定语从句合并句子) →________________________________________________ 【答案】Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress (that/which) I lent her. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天艾米丽穿着我借给她的那件新衣服。根据所给句子及题目要求可知，此处使用限定性定语从句进行合并简单句。第一句和第二句中the new dress作先行词，指物，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，用关系代词that或者which引导该从句，故改写为：Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that/which I lent her. 12. During school breaks, events like long-distance racing, rope skipping, badminton, and basketball were held separately. (将下面简单句转化为复合句) →________________________________________________ 【答案】During school breaks, events which included long-distance racing, rope skipping, badminton, and basketball were held separately. 【详解】考查定语从句、句型转换。句意：在假期期间，包括长跑、跳绳、羽毛球和篮球等活动分别举行。原句为简单句，可转换为定语从句。“events which included...”是一个定语从句，修饰前面的名词events，其中which作为关系代词引导定语从句，指代前面提到的events。故转换为During school breaks, events which included long-distance racing, rope skipping, badminton, and basketball were held separately. 13. The writer was invited to the Reading Festival. His short story won the contest.(用定语从句合并) ________________________________________________ 【答案】The writer whose short story won the contest was invited to the Reading Festival. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那位短篇小说获奖的作家被邀请参加读书节。定语从句用来修饰名词或代词，“His short story won the contest”可以作为定语从句，修饰the writer。定语从句的关系词用whose，whose代替his，做定语修饰short story。定语从句往往紧跟在它所修饰的名词后面。因此合并后的定语从句为：The writer whose short story won the contest was invited to the Reading Festival。 14. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park. (用定语从句合并) →________________________________________________ is our geography teacher. 【答案】The woman (who/whom/that) you saw in the park 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你在公园里看到的女人是我们的地理老师。分析原句可知，第二句中的her指代第一句中的The woman，所以The woman应为定语从句的先行词，同时作为主句的主语，从句缺少宾语，应用关系代词that/who/whom，关系代词作宾语可以省略，所以定语从句为The woman (who/whom/that) you saw in the park，主句为The woman is our geography teacher，故答案为The woman (who/whom/that) you saw in the park。 15. Last week Mary wore the dress. I gave it to her. →Last week ________________________________________________ I gave to her. 【答案】Mary wore the dress /Mary wore the dress that/Mary wore the dress which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周玛丽穿了那条裙子。我给了她(那条裙子)。“我给她”修饰的是“那条裙子”，所以本句可以转换为定语从句，主句是Mary wore the dress，先行词为the dress，为物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作gave的宾语，用that/which引导，也可以省略。故答案为Mary wore the dress (that/which)。 16. The woman is my mother. You are looking after her. →________________________________________________ is my mother. (用定语从句合并) 【答案】The woman (that/who/whom) you are looking after 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你正在照顾的女人是我的妈妈。由句意此处可以用限制性定语从句进行合并，You are looking after her转化为定语从句，her指代The woman，定语从句先行词为The woman，关系词指代先行词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/who/whom，关系代词作宾语可以省略，主句为The woman is my mother，故答案为The woman (that/who/whom) you are looking after。 17. I live next door to a couple. Their children often make a lot of noise. →I live next door to a couple ________________________________________________.(用定语从句合并) 【答案】whose children often make a lot of noise 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常制造很大的噪音。此处改为定语从句修饰先行词couple，关系词在从句作定语，应用whose。故填whose children often make a lot of noise。 18. The city is near the sea. The city is very beautiful. →The city ________________________________________________.(用定语从句合并) 【答案】which/that is near the sea is very beautiful 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：靠近大海的这个城市很漂亮。使用定语从句将两个句子进行合并，先行词为the city，定语从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词that/which，定语从句which/that is near the sea对先行词the city进行修饰，故答案为which/that is near the sea is very beautiful。 19. She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree. The tree was decorated very nicely. (用定语从句合并句子) ________________________________________________ 【答案】She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree which was decorated very nicely./She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree that was decorated very nicely. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她点燃了一根火柴，看到了一棵圣诞树。这棵树装饰得很漂亮。第二句中的The tree指的是前面的a Christmas tree，“The tree was decorated very nicely”的对a Christmas tree的修饰，因此“was decorated very nicely”可作定语从句，先行词是a Christmas tree，是物，因此用关系代词which/that引导定语从句，因此句子合并为“She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree which/that was decorated very nicely”。故答案为She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree which/that was decorated very nicely. 20. The Crescent Moon is perhaps the most famous collection of children's poems. It is known to people in China. (用关系代词或副词合并) ________________________________________________ 【答案】The Crescent Moon is perhaps the most famous collection of children's poems that is known to people in China. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：《新月》也许是中国人所知道的最著名的儿童诗集。此处改为定语从句修饰先行词collection，在从句作主语，指物，且由最高级the most famous修饰，只能用that引导。故改为The Crescent Moon is perhaps the most famous collection of children's poems that is known to people in China. Ⅲ 完成句子 1. 社交媒体和他们周围的人都会影响他们看待自己外貌的方式。(the way作先行词) Both social media and people around them influence ________________________________. 【答案】the way (that/ in which) they view their appearance 【详解】考查定语从句和短语。表示“方式”应用the way，后接限制性定语从句，从句主语为“他们”they；表示“看待”应用动词view，结合句中influence可知，句子使用一般现在时，主语是they，谓语动词使用原形形式，宾语“自己外貌”即“他们的外貌”their appearance。定语从句中主谓宾齐全，应用that、in which或省略关系词引导的定语从句。故填the way (that/in which) they view their appearance。 2. 《哈利·波特》是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。 Harry Potter is the most interesting story ________________________________. 【答案】(that) I have ever read 【详解】考查定语从句和动词时态。此处为定语从句，先行词为 the most interesting story，表示“曾经读过”应用现在完成时have ever read，作定语从句的谓语动词，从句缺少宾语且先行词被形容词最高级the most interesting修饰，关系代词应用that，关系代词作宾语可以省略，故答案为(that) I have ever read。 3. 当心！不要太靠近那间正在维修屋顶的房子。 Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ________________________________. 【答案】whose roof is being repaired 【详解】考查定语从句、时态、语态和主谓一致。根据汉语提示可知，“正在维修屋顶”修饰的是房子“the house”，所以是定语从句部分；此处指的是“房子的屋顶正在维修”；“房子”与“屋顶(roof)”之间为所属关系，表示“……的”用关系代词whose作定语，修饰“屋顶”roof；“维修”为动词repair；“屋顶”与“维修”之间为被动关系，所以需要使用被动语态，根据“Look out! Don’t get too close to”以及句意可知，此处表示正在维修，所以用现在进行时的被动语态，从句主语为单数，所以be动词用is。故答案为whose roof is being repaired。 4. 我们将学习一些写于唐朝的中国诗歌。 We are going to learn some Chinese poems ________________________________ in the Tang Dynasty. 【答案】that/which were written 【详解】考查定语从句、动词时态和语态。此处为定语从句，先行词为Chinese poems，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词that/which，表示“写”应用动词write，与先行词Chinese poems之间为被动关系且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故答案为that/which were written。 5. 那些自信和乐观的人更有可能实现他们的目标。 Those ________________________________ are more likely to achieve their goals. 【答案】who are confident and optimistic 【详解】考查定语从句。此处为定语从句，先行词为those，从句缺少主语，此处的those指代人，应用关系代词who，表示“自信的”应用形容词confident，表示“乐观的”应用形容词 optimistic，作表语。故答案为who are confident and optimistic。 6. 中国是一个拥有5 000多年历史的国家。 China is a country ________________________________. 【答案】which/that has a history of more than 5,000 years 【详解】考查定语从句以及时态和主谓一致。分析句子和句意可知，空处可用限制性定语从句来表达，修饰先行词“country”，“拥有”使用动词have，“5 000多年历史”译为a history of more than 5,000 years，关系词在从句中作主语，故可用关系代词which或that引导，由“is”和句意可知，本句为一般现在时，表示客观事实，其中which/that在从句中代替先行词“country”，在从句中作主语，故谓语动词用单数形式，故填which/that has a history of more than 5,000 years。 7. 无论是谁离开办公室都应该告诉我。 Anyone ________________________________ leaves the office should tell me. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。引导限制性定语从句，先行词是Anyone，指人，应用关系代词who引导从句，作主语。故填who。 8. 他讲的都是事实。 The thing ________________ he said was perfectly true. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是The thing，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，可使用关系代词that引导。故填that。 9. 音乐是我所依靠的岩石，它让我变得坚强，并度过了那些艰难的岁月。 Music was the rock ________________ to become strong and to ________________ those hard times. 【答案】I leant on; get through 【详解】考查定语从句，一般过去时，固定短语以及动词不定式。根据汉语意思可知，“让我依靠”为定语从句，修饰rock，从句中的主语为I，“依靠”为lean on，本句中主句部分为一般过去时，所以从句用一般过去时leant on；关系that/which指代先行词在从句中作宾语，可省略，所以第一空为I leant on。根据汉语意思可知，第二空需要填入“度过”，用动词短语get through；空格前已经有动词不定式的to，所以填get through。故答案为①I leant on；②get through。 10. 那座雕刻着印度神话故事的复杂石刻神庙群，就是印度著名的卡朱拉霍古迹群，因其卓越的艺术与雕塑价值而广受认可。 The temple  ________________ complex intricate carvings tell stories from Hindu mythology is the Khajuraho Group of Monuments in India, recognized for their exceptional artistic and sculptural significance. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词temple，在从句作carvings定语，应用whose。故填whose。 ( 9 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$