背记手册07：备战2025年高考英语高频核心词汇及配套练习（字母P-S）-备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（上海专用）

备战2025高考英语高频核心词汇及配套练习（字母P-S） 读一读 背一背 （字母P开头） Part one 核心单词 序号 单词 释义 序号 单词 释义 1 panic 恐慌；（使）恐慌 2 permanent 永久的；永恒的 3 panel 面板；专门小组 4 precise 精确的；准确的 5 participate 参加；参与 6 persevere 坚持不懈；锲而不舍 7 penetrate 穿透；渗透 8 proposal 提议；建议 9 particular 特别的；特定的 10 perspective 观点；看法 11 perceive 察觉；感知 12 persuade 说服；劝服 13 peculiar 独特的；奇怪的 14 prospective 未来的；预期的 15 pessimistic 悲观的 16 preference 偏爱；偏好 17 promising 有前途的；有希望的 18 postpone 推迟；延期 19 philosopher 哲学家 20 prevail 盛行；流行 21 patent 专利 22 potential 潜在的；可能的 23 plunge 投入；跳进 24 primitive 原始的；早期的 25 pursuit 追求；追逐 26 primary 首要的；主要的 27 portrait 肖像；画像 28 prescribe 开处方；规定 29 peak 山峰；顶点 30 proportional 成比例的 31 polish 擦亮；磨光 32 prosperous 繁荣的；兴旺的 33 peer 同龄人；同辈 34 property 财产；资产 35 privilege 特权；优惠 36 punctual 准时的 37 pension 养老金；抚恤金 38 passion 激情；热情 39 precaution 预防措施；防备 40 preliminary 初步的；预备的 Part two 重点词组 序号 单词 释义 序号 单词 释义 1 keep pace with 跟上；与...同步 2 package tour 包价旅游 3 take pains 尽力；费苦心 4 parallel to 与...平行 5 participate in 参加；参与 6 be particular about 对...挑剔 7 in particular 尤其；特别 8 pass away 去世；消逝 9 passion for 对...的热情 10 pave the way for 为...铺平道路 11 pay off 还清；取得成功 12 be peculiar to 为...所特有 13 persevere in 坚持不懈地做 14 persist in 坚持；执意 15 persuade sb. to do 说服某人做某事 16 persuade sb. into doing 说服某人做某事 17 pile up 堆积；积累 18 take the place of 代替；取代 19 play tricks on 捉弄；欺骗 20 take pleasure in 以...为乐 21 plunge...into 使...陷入 22 point out 指出 23 make one’s point 表明观点 24 be popular with 受...欢迎 25 put...into practice 把...付诸实践 26 prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做...而不愿做... 27 make preparations for 为...做准备 28 in the presence of 在...面前 29 at present 目前；现在 30 preserve...from 保护...免受... 31 press conference 新闻发布会 32 under pressure 在压力下 33 prevent...(from) 阻止；防止 34 take pride in 以...为傲 35 in the process of 在...的过程中 36 prohibit...from 禁止...做... 37 provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物 38 pull down 拆毁；推翻 39 on purpose 故意地 40 put up with 忍受；容忍 想一想 练一练 （字母P开头） · 高考核心词汇练习 1. Parking in this street is the ___________ of the residents. A. privilege B.popularity C. prosperity D.peer 2. He managed to get a loan to ________ a house. A. protest B. purchase C. possess D. pursuit 3. ________ buyers should study the small ads in the daily newspaper. A. Professional B. Permanent C. Profitable D. Prospective 4. The designer applied for a _______ for his new invention. A. passport B. password C. patent D. pattern 5. I have to go now because I must be _______ for class. A. primitive B. primary C.punctual D.precise 6. Yesterday I received a postal package. Which of the following can replace the underlined word? A. baggage B. packet C. parcel D. property 7. The early _____ had to go through many hardships to settle on the new land. A. pioneers B. physicians C. politicians D. prisoners 8. The _______ is so moving and perfect that it’s almost beyond the audience’s expectation. A. platform B. phenomenon C. performance D. qualification 9. The work is not perfect, for you see the work from a different __________. A. precaution B. proposal C. perspective D. provision 10. Many people think the ______ of the film is too simple to attract the audience. A. plug B. plot C. portrait D. pension 11. There is no reason to be __________ about the future. A. pregnant B. precious C. pessimistic D. optimistic 12. The school strives to treat pupils as individuals and to help each one to achieve their full _________. A. preference B.potential C.proportion D. promotion 13. He’s very _____ having his breakfast at exactly 8 o’clock. A. peculiar to B. particular about C. parallel to D. prepared to 14. I waved my dog to _____into the water to save the drowning child. A. plunge B. pray C. preserve D. proceed 15. On hearing the soft footsteps outside her room, she was in a (an) ______. A. panel B. peak C. panic D. parade 参考答案： 1~5. ABDCC 6~10. CACCB 11~15. CBBAC · 高考核心词汇词组句子翻译 1. 这里的菜烧得很好，还有免费蛋糕供应。(provide) The dishes are well cooked here and free cakes are provided. 2. 你今晚能来参加我们的生日聚会吗? (possible) Is it possible for you to attend my birthday party this evening? 3. 这类事故在媒体上屡见不鲜，应该制定有效措施防止这类事故再次发生。(prevent) This kind of accident appears on media so frequently that effective measures are being made to prevent it (from ) happening again. 4. 这款手机式样新颖、携带方便，深受年轻人的欢迎。(popular) The mobile phone is fashionable / modern in style and convenient to carry, so it is very popular with / among youngsters / young people / the young. 5. 由于对潜在的困难估计不足，当实验进展不顺时他一筹莫展。(prepare) As he wasn't well prepared for the potential difficulties, he was quite at a loss when the experiment wasn't going on smoothly. 6. 他在记者会上的言行相当出乎意料，以至令所有在场的记者均不知所措。(present) His words and deeds at the press conference were so unexpected that all the reporters present were at a loss. 7. 尽管我们无法预测将来会发生什么事，但我们可以未雨绸缪。(plan) While/Although/Though we can't predict what will happen in the future, we can plan ahead. 8. 说起健康时，世界各地的人都将增加睡眠放在第一位，而非饮食健康、加强锻炼、补充维生素。(priority) When it comes to being healthy, the top priority for people all over the world is having more sleep rather than eating health food, exercising more or taking vitamins. 读一读 背一背 （字母Q/R开头） Part one 核心单词 序号 单词 释义 序号 单词 释义 1 qualify （使）具有资格；限定 2 reasonable 合理的；公道的 3 respond 回答；响应 4 reluctant 不情愿的；勉强的 5 quality 质量；品质 6 rebellion 叛乱；造反 7 register 登记；注册 8 resemble 看起来像；类似 9 quantity 数量；量 10 royal 皇家的；王室的 11 regulate 调节；控制 12 remarkable 非凡的；显著的 13 quarrel 争吵；吵架 14 receipt 收据；收条 15 reject 拒绝；驳回 16 remind 提醒；使想起 17 queue 队列；排队 18 routine 常规；惯例 19 release 释放；发布 20 remote 偏远的；遥远的 21 quit 离开；放弃 22 recommend 推荐；建议 23 relevant 相关的；切题的 24 represent 代表；象征 25 random 随机的；任意的 26 recreate 再创造；娱乐 27 reliable 可靠的；可信赖的 28 reputation 名声；声誉 29 range 范围；幅度 30 reckless 鲁莽的；不顾后果的 31 respectively 分别地；各自地 32 restrict 限制；约束 33 rank 等级；军衔 34 reflect 反映；反射 35 relieve 减轻；缓解 36 rescue 营救；救援 37 revenge 复仇；报复 38 ridiculous 荒谬的；可笑的 39 reserve 储备；保留 40 reverse 颠倒；反转 Part two 重点词组 序号 单词 释义 序号 单词 释义 1 be qualified for/to /as 有...的资格；胜任 2 quarrel with sb. 与某人争吵 3 in question 讨论中的；考虑中的 4 by rail 乘火车 5 a wide range of 大范围的；各种各样的 6 in reality 实际上；事实上 7 recognize...as 认出...是；承认...是 8 reflect on/upon 仔细考虑；反省 9 regard...as 把...看作；认为...是 10 in/with regard to 关于；至于 11 regardless of 不管；不顾 12 be relevant to 与...相关 13 relieve sb. of sth. 减轻某人的...；解除某人的... 14 be reluctant to do 不情愿做... 15 remove...from... 从...移除；除掉 16 replace...with... 用...替换... 17 be representative of 代表；象征 18 resemble...in sth. 在某方面像... 19 reserve sth. for sb. 为某人预留某物 20 be resistant to 对...有抵抗力；抵制 21 show respect for 尊重... 22 with respect to 关于；就...而言 23 respond to 响应；回答 24 be responsible for 对...负责 25 as a result of 由于... 26 result in 导致；造成 27 result from 由...引起；起因于 28 in return for 作为...的报答 29 reveal sth. to sb. 向某人透露某事 30 take revenge on sb. 向某人报仇 31 reward sb. for sth. 因某事奖励某人 32 give rise to 引起；导致 33 at the risk of 冒着...的风险 34 in a row 连续；成一排 35 in ruins 成为废墟；破败不堪 36 as a rule 通常；一般来说 37 run across 偶然遇见；跑着穿过 38 run for 竞选 39 run out of 用完；耗尽 40 or rather 更确切地说 想一想 练一练 （字母Q/R开头） · 高考核心词汇练习 1. He likes to _______ proverbs in his compositions. A. quote B. quit C. quake D. quarrel 2. You'd better give us a ________ idea of your price. A. tough B. rough C. ridiculous D. regular 3. This is a village_______ from the madding crowd. A. realistic B. romantic C. remote D. rural 4. They ________ each other in shape but not in color. A. resemble B. rescue C. restore D. roar 5. A healthy diet creates a body ____________to disease. A. relevant B. reasonable C. reluctant D. resistant 6. ____not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A. Restricted B. Reminded C. Responded D. Related 7. John is very ____if he promises to do something he’ll do it. A. independent B. confident C. reliable D. flexible 8. Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to _______a number of competing and often conflicting demands. A. reveal B. remark C. register D. resolve 9. China has got a good ____ for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization. A. reputation B. reference C. impression D. reaction 10. Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything. The teacher will ______the main points at the end. A. recover B. review C. require D. remember 11. The two sisters __________ each other in appearance but not in character. A. resemble B. reverse C. reserve D.reject 12. The policeman criticized the driver seriously for his __________ driving. A. routine B. rotten C. reckless D. restless 13. Will you ____________ some scenic sports to see here ? A. recommend B. resist C. risk D. reduce 14. The CEO has decided to halt all production and ______ the remaining 500 employees. A. reflect B. rocognize C. release D. resign 15. When I first learned to cook, I used _______ and turned out some tasty dishes. A. ranges B. recipes C. refreshments D. recreations 参考答案： 1~5. ABCAD 6~10. BCDAB 11~15. ACADB · 高考核心词汇词组句子翻译 1. 他出色的教育背景使他有资格获得那份工作。(qualify) His excellent/ wonderful / outstanding educational background qualifies him to get the job/ for the job. 2. 这个地区的经济发展很快, 可是某些市民的素质还不尽如人意。(quality) Although the economy in this area is developing rapidly, the qualities of some citizens are still not satisfactory. 3. 新政策会给我们带来好处还是危害还得拭目以待。(remain)  Whether the new policy will do us harm or good remains to be seen. 4. 除了美味的咖啡和甜品，这间咖啡馆还提供各种书籍，从小说到诗歌，应有尽有，足以让你安静地度过一个下午。 (range) Besides nice coffee and dessert, the café provides all kinds of books, ranging from novels to poetry, so that you can stay for a whole quiet afternoon. 5. 就实际效果来看，新的规则极大地改善了交通状况，受到了广大群众的认可。(recognize) In terms of practical effect, the new regulation greatly improved the traffic condition and was recognized by the public. /As far as the actual effect is concerned,the new rules have greatly improved the traffic conditions and have been recognized by the mass. 6. 他出色的教育背景使他有资格获得那份工作。(qualify) His excellent/ wonderful / outstanding educational background qualifies him to get the job/ for the job. 7. 这个地区的经济发展很快, 可是某些市民的素质还不尽如人意。(quality) Although the economy in this area is developing rapidly, the qualities of some citizens are still not satisfactory. 8. 新政策会给我们带来好处还是危害还得拭目以待。(remain)  Whether the new policy will do us harm or good remains to be seen. 9. 除了美味的咖啡和甜品，这间咖啡馆还提供各种书籍，从小说到诗歌，应有尽有，足以让你安静地度过一个下午。 (range) Besides nice coffee and dessert, the café provides all kinds of books, ranging from novels to poetry, so that you can stay for a whole quiet afternoon. 10. 就实际效果来看，新的规则极大地改善了交通状况，受到了广大群众的认可。(recognize) In terms of practical effect, the new regulation greatly improved the traffic condition and was recognized by the public. /As far as the actual effect is concerned,the new rules have greatly improved the traffic conditions and have been recognized by the mass. 读一读 背一背 （字母S开头） Part one 核心单词 序号 单词 释义 序号 单词 释义 1 sacrifice 牺牲；献祭 2 sphere 球体；范围 3 substitute 代替；替代 4 significance 重要性；意义 5 scale 规模；比例 6 statistical 统计的；统计学的 7 suspend 暂停；悬挂 8 supervise 监督；管理 9 scarcely 几乎不；简直不 10 steer 驾驶；引导 11 sustain 维持；支撑 12 satisfactory 令人满意的 13 scatter 分散；撒播 14 sticky 粘性的；棘手的 15 sway 摇摆；影响 16 schedule 时间表；计划 17 sequence 顺序；序列 18 submarine 潜水艇 19 soar 高飞；猛增 20 scheme 计划；方案 21 session 会议；学期 22 submerge 淹没；潜入水中 23 swear 发誓；咒骂 24 scold 责骂；斥责 25 shiver 颤抖；哆嗦 26 sufficient 足够的；充足的 27 synthetic 合成的；人造的 28 scratch 抓；刮擦 29 sketch 素描；草图 30 superficial 表面的；肤浅的 31 semester 学期 32 scream 尖叫；呼喊 33 soak 浸泡；湿透 34 surgery 外科手术 35 separate 分开；分离 36 scrub 擦洗；刷洗 37 subtle 微妙的；细微的 38 surrender 投降；屈服 39 shelter 庇护；避难所 40 strategy 策略；战略 Part two 重点词组 序号 单词 释义 序号 单词 释义 1 for the sake of 为了；由于 2 be satisfied with 对...满意 3 save...from... 从...中拯救；使...免受 4 on a large scale 大规模地 5 be scared of 害怕 6 on the scene 在现场 7 scold sb. for sth. 因某事责骂某人 8 search for 寻找；搜索 9 second to none 首屈一指；无与伦比 10 see to it that 确保；务必 11 send for 派人去请；召唤 12 make sense 有意义；讲得通 13 make sense of 理解；弄懂 14 be sensitive to 对...敏感 15 separate...from... 把...和...分开 16 set about doing 着手做；开始做 17 set out to do 开始做；着手做 18 settle down 定居；安定下来 19 be severe on/with 对...严厉 20 in/out of shape 健康状况良好/不佳 21 be/fall/go short of 缺乏；不足 22 show off 炫耀；卖弄 23 show up 出现；露面 24 lose/catch sight of 看不见/看见 25 sign up for 报名参加 26 be similar to 与...相似 27 be skillful at 在...方面熟练 28 in high/low spirits 情绪高涨/低落 29 stand for 代表；象征 30 stand out 突出；显眼 31 stick to 坚持；坚守 32 be stranded 被困；搁浅 33 strive for/to do 努力争取；努力做 34 be subject to 受...支配；易遭受... 35 all of a sudden 突然；猛地 36 suffer from 遭受；忍受 37 be suitable for 适合于 38 be suitable to do 适合做 39 be superior to 优于；胜过 40 be supposed to do 应该；被期望 想一想 练一练 （字母S开头） · 高考核心词汇练习 1. Though _______________by the enemy, the brave soldiers were not nervous at all. A. surrounded B. scolded C. secured D. selected 2. Some parents are just too protective. They want to ___ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined. A. spot B. smash C. shelter D. struggle 3. Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more _____to, and more easily troubled by emotional and relationship problems. A. skeptical B. reasonable C. sensible D. sensitive 4. By practicing good thinking ____________, we became more creative. A. strategy B. relativity C. scenery D. significance 5. So ____________ our health and our study, we must have breakfast. A. for the sake of B. at the risk of C. in respect of D. in response to 6. His family is very rich and his father employs a large ___ of servants to keep the house clean. A. series B. species C. stuff D. staff 7. Doctors' door-to-door visits _____________ many old people's trouble of going to hospital. A. satisfy B. scrub C.scratch D. save 8. Your digital camera is ________ mine in function, but mine is relatively cheaper. A. subject to B. regarded as C. relevant to D. similar to 9. The director insisted that the meeting be held according to_________. A. signature B. schedule C. sightseeing D. shortcoming 10. You should be careful to drive for the road was _______after the rain. A. slippery B. slight C. smooth D. social 11. She _________ the instructions so that the children could understand them. A. sought B. shaved C. shrank D. simplified 12. Once you have formed a bad habit, it’s very difficult to ___________it. A. get rid of B. run out of C. stick to D. switch off 13. Approaching the city center, we saw a stone ___________ of about 10 meters in height. A. status B. statue C. statistic D. stair 14. The poverty level was shocking and the small _______ houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness. A. shabby B.senior C.sacred D.satisfactory 15. It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and made _____ of the world. A. sponsor B. sacrifice C.scholarship D. sense 参考答案：1~5 ACDAA 6~10 DDDBA 11~15. DABAD · 高考核心词汇词组句子翻译 1. 你为什么觉得自己比同龄人优越？(superior) Why do you think you are superior to those of /about your age/your peers? 2. 我建议你星期一早上早点起床，因为总是会塞车。(suggest) I suggest you (should) get / your getting up earlier on Mondays, because there are always traffic jams. 3. 现在很多学生沉迷于网络世界，网上聊天代替了面对面交流，这让家长和老师们忧心忡忡。(substitute) Now many students are addictive to (obsessed with) online world, substituting face-to-face communication with online chatting, which makes parents and teachers concerned (worried). 4. 考虑到运动员们的特殊需求，早餐一直供应到十点。(serve) Considering the special needs of the athletes, breakfast is served till/ until ten/ 10 o'clock. 5. 有些中学生为了"摆谱儿"， 一个月就换一部手机。(show) In order to show off themselves, some middle school students change a mobile phone every month. 6. 除非采取紧急措施，否则我们的计划将泡汤。(spoil) Unless we take urgent measures, our plan will be spoiled/spoilt. Unless urgent measures are taken, our plan will be spoiled/spoilt. If we don't take urgent measures, our plan will be spoiled/spoilt. If urgent measures aren't taken, our plan will be spoiled/spoilt. 7. 我向她请教，她总是有求必应，而且解释得令我十分满意。(satisfaction) Every time I ask her for advice, she is always ready to help, and explains to my full satisfaction. 8. 医生挨家挨户上门巡访，省去了许多老年人去医院的麻烦。(save) Doctors' door-to-door visits save many old people's trouble of going to hospital. 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$