必修二Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy 强基固本-2025届新高考英语一轮复习强基固本能力提升(译林版2020)

必修二Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy强基固本 一、全部单词 序号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 n.〈美〉足球运动 2 bat 3 skydiving 4 n.祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺 _________ vt.祝贺 _________ adj.庆祝的；祝贺的 5 vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露 _________ n.假定，假设，设想 _________ adj.假设的，假定的 _________ conj.假设，假如 6 n.肺 7 vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看 _________ n.趋势，倾向，癖好 8 *immune 9 n.病，疾病 10 adv.此外，而且 11 vt.减少，缩小 _________ n.减少 12 n.常规，惯例 adj.常规的，例行的；乏味的 13 muscle 14 *aerobic 15 jogging 16 skiing 17 pull-up 18 bone 19 gymnastics 20 *tai chi 21 vt.& vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 22 n.(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 23 n.活动，转动；移动；运动 _________ v.移动，搬家，感动 _________ adj.令人感动的 _________ adj.受感动的 _________ adj.可移动的 24 petrol 25 *carbohydrate 26 n.能，能量；精力；能源 _________ adj.精力旺盛的 _________ adv.精力充沛地，精力旺盛地 27 n.蛋白质 28 n.平均水平，一般水准 adj.平均的；典型的 29 prep.自始至终；各处，遍及 30 n.汗水 vt.& vi.出汗，流汗 31 n.伤害，损伤 _________ vt.伤害，损伤 _________ adj.受伤的，受损害的 32 vt.阻止，阻碍 _________ n.防止，预防 _________ adj.可预防的 _________ adj.预防性的；防备的 _________ adj.无法预防的 33 tissue 34 n.设备；配备，装备 _________ v.配备；装备 _________ adj.装备齐全的 35 n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺 _________ adj.短缺的，缺乏的 36 vt.维持；维修，保养 37 vt.宣布，宣告；通知 _________ n.宣布，宣告；通知 _________ n.广播员，播音员，宣告者 38 vt.使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n.最新消息 _________ adj.更新的，现代化的 39 vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 _________ n.代替，更换 _________ adj.可替换的，可代替的 _________ adj.不能替代的 40 n.运动员 _________ adj.运动的，运动员的 _________ n.体育，田径运动 _________ adv.运动地，竞赛地 41 n.拳击运动 42 n.冠军，第一名 43 n.球场；法院，法庭；宫廷 44 conj.而且，此外 prep.加；和 45 adj.附近的，邻近的 adv.在附近，不远 46 gym _________ n.体操，体操训练 _________ n.体操运动员 47 n.搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 48 n.处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 49 vi.犹豫，迟疑 _________ n.犹豫，迟疑 _________ adj.迟疑的，犹豫不决的 50 vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入 _________ n.准入，准许，录取，入场费 51 vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感) _________ n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物) _________ adj.令人鼓舞的 _________ adj.受/感到鼓舞的 52 vt.& vi.探究，探索；勘探，勘察 _________ n.探险；探索，探究 _________ n.探险者/家 53 *crane 54 *rooster 55 adv.现今，现在 56 n.大师，能手；主人 vt.精通，掌握；控制 57 *imitate _________ n.仿制品，模仿，仿效，赝品 _________ adj.模仿的 _________ n.模仿者，仿效者 58 vi.& n.疼痛，隐痛 59 n.满意；满足，达到 _________ vt.满足；使满意 _________ adj.令人满意的 _________ adj.满足的；(感到)满意的 _________ adj.令人满意的 60 root 61 philosophy _________ adj.哲学的，哲学上的 _________ n.哲学家，哲人 62 *unity _________ v.使……混合，使……联合， 使……团结 _________ n.联盟，协会，工会，联合 63 vi.存在；生活，生存 _________ n.生存，存在 _________ adj.现存的，现有的，现有的， n.存在(或实有)的事物 _________ adj.存在的，现行的 64 adv.向后；朝反方向 65 vi.& vt.呼吸；呼出 _________n.呼吸，气息，微风 _________ adj.气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的 (n._________) _________ adj.透气的 66 diagram 二、重要短语 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 以……命名 2 起源于，植根于 3 引起，导致，造成，带来 拓展 bring back bring down bring forward bring in bring up 4 创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 5 将……列入某人日程中 6 坚持，维持，继续(某活动)，沿袭(风俗、传统等)，不使斗志低落 拓展 keep up with keep off keep in touch with 7 为……准备 8 确保，务必 9 弥补，补偿 拓展 make up be made up of=consist of＝be composed of make out be made of/ from make up one’s mind to do sth 10 在……中扮演角色， 起/发挥作用= 11 对……进行最后的润色或修饰 12 准备就绪 13 报名参加 14 持续，坚持 拓展 stick out stick to stick up stick up for 15 测试，试验，参加选拔 16 热身，做准备活动，变暖 17 努力达到，努力前进 拓展 make one’s way to mend one’s ways lose the/one’s way exercise one’s way make one’s way fight one’s way pick one’s way feel one’s way push one’s way wind one’s way 18 最重要的是，首先 拓展 after all all in all first of all in all at all 19 有……(较低/更大)的风险 20 一般来说 21 满足……的需要；对……作出反应 22 这样 23 身体不好，不在状态 24 长期 拓展 in the short/long term=in the short/long run 25 略有不适，不舒服 三、经典句型 1.事实也证明，经常运动的人往往会有更好的免疫系统，患病的风险较低。 2.一个人锻炼是多么无聊啊! 3.难怪有些太极动作是以动物命名的。 4.传说十三世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士从蛇与鸟的缠斗中汲取灵感，创立了太极。 说明：涉及词性/形变化的，请查看以上“‘背’一本中的全部单词”板块。 一、核心词汇 1. congratulation 【词不离句】Cogratulations!(P16) 【拓展延伸】 congratulate sb. on(doing)sth.就某事(做某事)……向某人祝贺 offer/send/extend/express/convey congratulations to sb. on sth.为某事向某人表示/表达祝贺 accept one’s congratulations on sth.接受某人对某事的祝贺 congratulations to sb. on sth.为某事祝贺某人 注意：congratulate与celebrate的用法 congratulate 意为“祝贺,向……道贺”，其宾语只能是人;若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面要用on连接,构成congratulate sb. on sth. celebrate 意为“庆祝，庆贺”，指举行盛大、隆重的仪式来庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或事件。常用表示节日、胜利、成功等的名词作宾语。 2. assume 【词不离句】Most people assume that regular exercise does wonders for the body and mind – but what exactly are its health benefits? (P16) 【拓展延伸】 an assumed name化名，假名 assume+sb.+to be ...认为某人是…… assume(that从句)...认为…… assuming that从句...假设/假如/如果…… on the assumption that从句...基于……的假定 assume sb./sth. to be 认为某人/某物是…… make assumptions about假设…… It is generally assumed that从句...人们普遍认为…… 3. tend 【词不离句】It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases. (P16) 【拓展延伸】 tend to do sth.往往会/倾向于做某事，易于做某事 tend (to)sb. /sth.照料/照看某人/某物 have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做…… tend to/toward(s)sth.倾向……的趋势，趋于，倾向于 4. range 【词不离句】Flexibility training...and improve your body’s range of movement.(P17) 【拓展延伸】 range from…to …/range between…and…在……范围内变化/从……到/和……范围内变动 a range of一系列(a wide/full range of各种各样的) out of/beyond one’s range=out of/beyond the range of sb.超出某人承受的范围 in the range of...to在……到……范围内 within/in the range of在……范围内 5. average 【词不离句】In general, you should have your meal an average of 1.5 to 2.5 hours before exercising.(P17) 【拓展延伸】 an average of平均有(后跟数词)，……的平均数 on(the)average平均，一般地 (well)above/below(the)average(远远)高于/低于平均水平，(远)在平均水平以上/以下 注意：average还可以作动词用，意为“平均为，计算出……的平均数” average over ... metres above sea level平均海拔超过……米 6. prevent 【词不离句】To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.(P17) 【拓展延伸】 禁止/阻止某人做某事 prevent/stop sb.(from)doing sth. ban sb.from doing sth. keep sb. from doing sth. discourage sb. from doing sth. prohibit sb.from doing sth. prohibit sb.’s doing sth. forbid sb. to do sth. forbid sb’s doing sth. 7. lack 【词不离句】Others work out for hours at the weekend to make up for their lack of exercise during the weekdays. (P19) 【拓展延伸】 lack作名词用： for/through lack of＋n.因缺乏…… lack of＋n.缺乏/少…… the lack of＋n.缺乏/少…… (have/there be)no lack of＋n.不缺乏……，不乏/乏有的是…… (have/there be)a lack of＋n.缺乏…… for /through lack of＋n.因缺乏……，因没有…… lack作动词用： lack(for) sth 缺少某物 be lacking in在……方面缺乏 注意：lack的现在分词lacking已经转化为adj.，意为“短缺的，缺乏的”。 8. announce 【词不离句】We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Centre will soon be open to the public once again! (P20) 【拓展延伸】 make an announcement发布宣告，发表公告，声明 announce to sb. sth. = announce sth. to sb.向某人宣布某事 announce that ...宣布……/宣告…… It is/was announced that ...据宣布…… 9. replace 【词不离句】In response to public interest，our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options，including modern dance.(P20) 【拓展延伸】 replace sb./ sth代替某人或某物 replace A with/ by B用B取代A replace A for B用A取代B 表示“代替”的短语还有： substitute A for B用A代替/替换B take the place of sb.=take sb.’s place代替某人 in one’s place = in place of sb.= instead of sb.(介词词组)代替某人或某物 10. hesitate 【词不离句】When my friend first suggested that we join the new Tai Chi Club at school, I hesitated.(P25) 【拓展延伸】 hesitate to do sth.做某事有疑虑/犹豫，不愿意做某事 hesitate about/over (doing)...对(做)……犹豫 have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事 with hesitation犹豫地 without hesitation=with no hesitation毫不犹豫地 11. admit 【词不离句】I had to admit that I had been wrong about tai chi.(P25) 【拓展延伸】 admit(doing/having done)sth.承认(做过)某事 admit sb./sth.to be承认某人/某物是…… admit sb.to/into...准许/允许某人进入(或加入)…… be admitted to/into...被允许进入，被……录取 be admitted as被接受成为……的一员 admit(to sb.)that从句...(向某人)承认…… it is generally admitted that...一般认为/普遍认为……，……是公认的 gain admission to进入……，……被录取 get free admission to/be admitted for free to免费/免票进入/进场 12. inspire 【词不离句】Just as importantly, practicing tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it. (P25) 【拓展延伸】 inspire ... in sb.激发某人的…… inspire sb. with ...激发某人的…… inspire sb. to do sth.激发某人做某事 13. satisfaction 【词不离句】With these requirements of tai chi in mind, I found to my satisfaction that my balance and flexibility slowly improved, that I was able to do more difficult moves, and that my love for tai chi returned stronger than ever.(P26) 【拓展延伸】 with satisfaction满意地 to one’s satisfaction/to the satisfaction of sb.令某人满意的是 be/feel satisfied with……感到满意 gain satisfaction from sth.从某事中得到满足感 with great satisfaction非常满意地 far from satisfactory不能令某人满意，远不令人满意 注意：satisfying和satisfactory用于表示事物所具有的特征；satisfied感到满意的，表示心理感受。 14. exist 【词不离句】Neither can exist independent of the other; for example, there is no shadow without light.(P26) 【拓展延伸】 exist in=lie in=consist in存在于……中 exist on=live on靠……生活(生存) there exist(s/ed)有/存在…… come into existence形成，产生，开始存在 in existence现存的，现有的 the existing state of affairs现状 注意：exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。 The custom of arranged marriages still exists in many countries.  包办婚姻的习俗在许多国家仍然存在。 二、经典句型 1. It+ be +过去分词+ that从句 【原句呈现】It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.(P16 Lines 7-9)事实也证明，经常运动的人往往会有更好的免疫系统，患病的风险较低。 【拓展延伸】 ①It has been proven that从句，事实证明……，为“It +be+过去分词+ that”从句结构。其中that引导主语从句，it是形式主语。 ②常用于此结构的句型还有： It is believed that...人们相信/据认为/据信…… It is said that...据说…… It is reported that...据报道…… It is hoped that...人们希望…… It is thought that...大家/有人/人们/认为/被认为/据认为…… It is well­known that...众所周知…… It is suggested that...有人建议…… 参看下面的句型4.主语＋be＋过去分词＋不定式句型 例句： ①It has been proven that time and time again that trust and mutually beneficial cooperation are the only way to maintain peace and push forward common development. 事实一再证明，信任和互利合作是维护和平、促进共同发展的必由之路。 ②It is believed that global warming is due to human activities.人们相信，全球变暖归因于人类的活动。 ③It is reported that one­third of citizens plan to buy a car.据报道，三分之一的市民打算买车。 ④It is said that he escaped being killed in the traffic accident the other day. 据说他在前几天的交通事故中死里逃生。 ⑤It is hoped that the air in this city will become much cleaner.希望这个城市的空气会变得更清洁。 ⑥It is thought that China is the biggest farming country.人们认为中国是第一农业大国。 ⑦It is well­known that the number of animals is becoming smaller due to hunting. 众所周知，由于狩猎，动物的数量越来越少。 ⑧It is suggested that students should do/do some exercise for at least an hour every day. 建议学生每天至少锻炼一小时。 2. how/what引导的感叹句 【原句呈现】How boring it is to exercise alone! (P23) 【拓展延伸】 本句是一个感叹句。感叹句一般由what和how引出，what与名词连用构成感叹句，how 与形容词 或副词连用构成感叹句。 ①how+形容词/副词 (+主语+谓语)！ ②how+形容词+a/ an+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)！ ③how＋主语＋谓语！ ④what +a/ an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语! ⑤what +形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)！ 例句： ①You don’t know how excited he was when he heard about the news. 你不知道他听到这个消息时有多激动。 ②How hard they are working now! 他们工作多么努力呀! ③How her mother worried!她母亲是多么地担心啊！ ④How difficult the maths problem is/What a difficult maths problem it is! None of us can work it out. 这是一道多么难的数学题啊！我们谁也解答不出来。 ⑤What lovely wild animals we saw during our tour in Australia! 我们在澳大利亚旅游时看到了多么可爱的野生动物！ ⑥You can’t imagine what terrible weather we experience on our journey. 你无法想象我们在旅途中会经历多么恶劣的天气。 3. no wonder+(that)从句及其衍生的句型 【原句呈现】No wonder some tai chi moves are named after animals. (P25 Lines 14-15) 难怪有些太极动作是以动物命名的。 【拓展延伸】 ①no wonder(that)从句=It’s no wonder(that)从句。意为：难怪/怪不得……；……不足为奇 ②衍生的句型 It is a wonder(that)...真想不到，令人惊奇的是…… There’s no doubt that...毫无疑问…… There’s no point in doing sth.做某事没有意义 There’s no need to do sth.没必要做某事 例句： ①Sally lost her pet dog. It is no wonder that she was sad these days. 莎莉丢了她的宠物狗。难怪她这些天悲伤。 ②No wonder/It’s no wonder(that)he knew so much about it 他做了彻底的调查，怪不得他对此事了解得那么多。 ③It is a wonder that he remained alive after dropping from the tall building. 令人惊奇的是，他从高楼上摔下来后还活着。 ④There is no doubt that these animals urgently need both assistance and protection. 毫无疑问，这些动物急需得到帮助和保护。 ⑤There’s no point in comparing you with others all the time.总是把你和别人比较是没有意义的。 ⑥There’s no need to get into a panic about the exams.没有必要为考试而惊慌失措。 4. 主语＋be＋过去分词＋不定式句型 【原句呈现】Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.(P25 Lines 10-12)传说十三世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士从蛇与鸟的缠斗中汲取灵感，创立了太极。 【拓展延伸】 ①句中was said to have invented为sb./sth.be said to have done sth.句型，意为“据说做了某事”。 该句型可以与It is said that...句型转换。原句可以改成：It was said that Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, had invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. 能用于此结构的动词还有：know, report, believe, think, expect, consider, suppose等动词。 注意：It is suggested/hoped that...不能转换成“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do”结构。 ②在“主语＋be＋过去分词＋不定式”结构中，其不定式根据需要有时态和语态的变化。 在“主语＋be＋said/expected...＋to do”结构中，不定式的形式取决于它与谓语动作发生的先后关系。在其之后或与其几乎同时发生，常用一般式(to do)；强调同时发生时还可用进行式(to be doing)；之前发生用完成式(to have done)。 参看上面的“It+ be +过去分词+ that从句”的讲解。 例句： ①Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. 据说，13世纪的道家张三丰从蛇与鸟的打斗中获得灵感，发明了太极拳。 ②He is thought to have acted foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. 他的举止被认为是愚蠢的。失去这份工作只能怨他自己，不能怨别人。 ③A health care project is reported to provide treatment at half the cost or less next year, depending on the needs of the patient.据报道，一项医疗保健工程明年将视病人的需要以半价或更少一些的费用提供治疗服务。 ④The number of English learners is said to be increasing throughout the world every day. 据说全世界英语学习者的人数每天都在增长。 ⑤My family has a vase, which is said to date back to(date from)/and it is said to date back to(date from) the Ming Dynasty.我家有一个花瓶，据说可以追溯到明朝。 ⑥He is said to have written a new novel.据说他写了一本新小说。 一、单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式) 1.The moment the _________(体操运动员)appeared, he was surrounded by/with his fans. 2.What the witness said in _________(法庭)was consistent with the statement he made to the police. 3.Let’s go to ________(体育馆) to do g_________, shall we? 4.Ambulances took the  i_________ to a _________(附近)hospital. 5.I can’t agree to anything without my _________(搭档的)approval. 6.N__________, more and more people have come to realize that some traditional exercise like ________(慢跑), swimming and climbing may help people stay in shape. 7.Where you can sit down to rest your _________(疼痛)legs. 8.Canada is a broad and beautiful country________(延伸)from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. 9.Instead of making progress, I actually seem to be going ________(向后)in my work. 10.Amazingly, that was the sixth year in a row that the a_________ won the _________(冠军)of the game. 11.I call the general manager every day to keep him _________(更新)on the day’s developments. 12.Bill was put into a p_________ in which he had to either accept he was less important, or pack up and leave right away. 13.He was occupied with r_________ office tasks last week. 14.Lin Qiaozhi made great achievements in women d_________ and delivering new-born babies. 15.M_________, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 16.There is no doubt that m_________ a foreign language will be beneficial to children t_________ their lives. 17.Doctors have to constantly update their knowledge in order to m________ their professional competence. 18.That work and creative activities have been important drivers of human progress is deeply r________ in our social values. 19.Already they were s________ as the sun beat down on them. 20.Millions of fans are looking forward to meeting the s________ star now. 二、词性/形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空) 1.Well-suited for the humid southern regions of China, luo has larger holes in the fabric, making it more lightweight and ________(breath). 2.Students attend lectures on the history of ________(move)type along with interesting classes on typesetting and printing. 3.He supports ________(athlete)talented, but financially poor children. 4.Watching him climb up the cliff, everybody was ________(breath)with anxiety. 5.In the first year, freshmen can only participate in freshmen intramural ________(athlete), which is somewhat informal. 6.It took her over a month to recover from vomiting(呕吐)and ________(breath). 7.They have been given college scholarships purely on their ________(athlete)ability. 8.Everyone is waiting for the _________(announce)of the result, which is a dramatic moment for the winner. 9.His son seems to be an _________ child.=His son seems to be a child full of energy. 10.If you can find drive in studying, not only will you learn _________(energy), but with fun and ease. 11.At first sight, the bag seems made of real leather. But actually it is just an _________(imitate). 12.The _________(explore)were told to equip themselves with everything they would need for their voyage. 13.Many nations have promised to _________ greenhouse gas emissions, but are falling short of the target _________ of 25 to 40 percent of 1990 levels.(reduce) 14.The _________(announce)broadcasts a piece of amusing news every day. 15.We must strengthen our _________(unite)in protection of blue sky from pollution. 16._________(assume)that we can’t get the necessary _________(equip)for the lab by the end of this month, we will have to give up the experiment. 17.My grandpa gets out of _________(breathe)after walking a few steps and needs to rest. 18._________(equip)with the professional knowledge, I can design the best plan to protect the fresh water. 19.The future of space _________ remains bright. Many countries plan to ________ more planets in the hope of understanding the universe better and helping us survive well into the future.(explore) 20.Most believe he could have played for England last week, but for a serious _________(injure)which put him out of football. 21.We held a ceremony in honour of the firefighters risking their lives to save the _________(injure)in the big fire. 22.Martin Luther King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize of 1964 for advocating nonviolence policy in the _________(move)for civil rights. 23.Everybody was _________ beyond words after they heard her _________ story.(move) 24.The labor _________(unite)demanded that employees of both genders should be treated equally in terms of their salaries and benefits. 25.She is a poor _________, because her work has been criticized for being ________ too shallowly.(imitate) 三、短语填空(从“背”一本“短语”栏目中选择恰当的短语填空) 说明：每个短语只能用一次，且选择范围不包括拓展短语。 1.__________, people living near noisy roads are _____________ developing high blood pressure. 2.You should do more outdoor exercise,which can contribute to your _________ a good state of mind. 3.He made such a great contribution to the university that the new library ______________ him. 4.She went over what she had written and _______ the essay.  5.All this changed after I joined a sports team. It began when a teacher suggested I __________ for the basketball team. 6.The consensus among the world’s scientists is that the world is likely to __________ over the next few decades. 7._____________ the severe situation, we should take effective measures to protect the plant where we coexist. 8.I discovered that tai chi ______ deeply ____________ the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang, which are believed to form the unity of opposites. 9.On the one hand, computers extend our vision; on the other hand, they also _____________ some harmful problems. 10.She believes that it is highly important to bridge the digital divide and __________ that everyone has access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology. 11.She was determined to work harder so that she could _____________ the lost time. 12.Not only do the oceans provide us with abundant resources, but they also ______________ maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. 13.Being good at paper-cutting made him ____________ the paper-cutting competition. 14.___________, choose activities you enjoy because only ____________ are you more likely to ______________ them. 15.Mr Smith is ___________________ the meeting which is due to start next month. 16.In parallel, we must ensure that the financial support mechanisms _____________ last May are fit for purpose. 17.Doctors have discovered that keeping a pet can ______________ for your health. 18.It took her years to __________________ to the top of her profession.  19.If maintained _________________, these habits can become a serious health risk. 20.Are you feeling better now or are you still _________________ and _____________?  四、核心词汇(根据要求完成相关任务) 1. congratulation 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Linda’s mother sent her daughter a text message, _________ her on being elected monitor again. ②Chinese President Xi Jinping on Thursday ________ the complete success of the Chang’e-5 mission, extending warm ________ and sincere greetings to all members who participated in the Chang’e-5 mission in a ________ message. 完成句子 ③校长写了一封信祝贺她取得了好成绩，激动人心的祝贺令她深受鼓舞。 The headmaster wrote a letter to _______________________ and ________________ encouraged her greatly. ④他给我写了一封电子邮件，对我的成功向我表示/表达最热烈的祝贺。 He wrote an email to me to ____________________________________! ⑤请接受我对你婚姻的衷心祝贺。 Please ____________________________ your marriage. ⑥为了祝贺Jane通过考试，我们举行了一个聚会来庆祝这件事情。 To ___________________ the examination, we held a party to ___________. 2. assume 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The result of this study confirmed the previous ________ made by the scientist months ago. ②He has been living in the USA under an ________ name. 完成句子 ③在证实他有罪之前我们得要假定他是清白的。 We must ________________ innocent until he is proved guilty.  ④他们租了那个旧房子，以为在搬进来之前房东会重新粉刷的。 They rented the old house _______________ the landlord would repaint it before they moved in. ⑤人们普遍认为，人工智能教育具有很大的发展潜力，因为它可以为学生提供个性化的教学。 ____________________________________ enjoys a lot of growth potential since it can provide customized teaching for students. 3. tend 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The statesmen ________ to learn more about the present ________. ②The storm ________ to hit our city, and we will observe the ________ of it closely. 完成句子 ③人们普遍倾向于做他们擅长或喜欢的事情。 Generally, people ___________________ what they are good at doing or what they like doing. ④她忙于日常工作事务，没有时间照顾孩子。 Occupied with routine office tasks, she had no time ______________________. ⑤他告诉我他的意见倾向于我的意见。 He told me that his opinion _________________. 4. range 完成句子 ①世界各地都庆祝节日。它们的起源很广泛，比如一年中的季节、宗教、著名人物和重要事件。 Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They _____________________, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. ②我们学校图书馆有各种各样的书，从经典小说到最新杂志。 Our school library has books of all kinds that _____________________________. ③或许这个问题超越了人类理解的范围。 Maybe the question is _____________________ human understanding.  ④很报歉，那个高音我唱不上去。 I’m afraid the high note _________________.  ⑤虽然她的描述听起来很好，但是价格超出了我们的承受范围，所以我们拒绝了。 Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was ________________, so we declined. ⑥“你能射中树顶上的那只鸟吗？”“不能，它在射程之外了。” —Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree? —No, it’s ______________. ⑦该国将履行已经做出的承诺：到2023 年减排至 17%范围内。 The country will fulfill the commitments that we have made: cutting our emission _______________ 17 percent by 2023. 5. average 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Most children are not geniuses or stars. They just do _________ well. ②The _________ income of Tianjin, though still well below that of Beijing, has been on the increase and now is three times what it was ten years ago. 完成句子 ③生物老师告诉我们蜂后平均能活4—6年。 The biology teacher told us that the queen bee can live for __________________. ④今年的降雨量低于平均水平，结果出现了严重的干旱。 The amount of rain this year has been ______________. As a result, there is a serious drought. ⑤青藏高原是世界上最高的高原，平均海拔超过4000米。 The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the world’s highest plateau, ________________________. ⑥他的学习成绩远远高于平均水平，但他仍然很谦虚，乐于助人。 His academic performance is ___________________, but he is still humble and helpful. 6. prevent 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①His research in the field of disease ________ produced unexpected results, which ________ patients from suffering a lot. ②The delay in diagnosis often leads to worse health issues that could have been potentially _________ if they had been given the access in the country where they were working. ③I think we should recognize that traffic jam is an ________ by-product of successful cities. ④The police were able to take ________ action and avoid a possible riot. 完成句子 ⑤就我而言，我们应该采取措施防止这种情况再次发生。 As far as I am concerned, we are supposed to take steps ______________________________. ⑥没有人能阻止这些计划的实施。 No one can _________the plans _________________. 7. lack 完成句子 ①研究表明，非洲的农田往往缺乏重要资源。缺乏营养使那里的土壤贫瘠。 Studies show farmland in Africa _________________ important nutrients. And ___________ nutrients makes the soil there poor. ②受许多负面报道的影响，一些人错误地认为青少年缺乏责任感和对他人的关心。 Influenced by many negative reports, some people wrongly _____________________ and concern for others. ③每个人都知道, 人口增长肯定会导致能源的缺乏。(definitely, result in, the lack of) Everyone knows that the increasing population will ________________________. ④由于缺乏足够的训练，我们很难赢得即将到来的比赛。 _________________________, we will have great trouble in winning the coming match. ⑤因为没钱，她的父亲小时候没有上学。 Her father didn’t go to school when he was young ______________________________. ⑥那天的活动中，志愿者不乏其人。 During that day’s event, __________________________.  ⑦食物短缺，许多人死于饥荒。 ________________________, so many people died of famine. 8. announce 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①It is reported that the list of final winners ________ at the end of the event, or rather, next Friday. ②The ________ from the organization ________ the results of the contest and made an ________ of the winner. 完成句子 ③已经宣布新建的图书馆将于下周正式对公众开放。 _______________________ the newly-built library will be officially open to the public next week. ④本周早些时候，中国搜索引擎公司百度宣布了与吉利合作生产汽车的计划。 Earlier this week China’s search engine company Baidu _____________________ vehicles with Geely ⑤公司已经宣布将对这次事故进行全面调查。 The company ___________ it will undertake a full investigation into the accident.  ⑥艾伦正打算向朋友们宣布她的决定。 Ellen is planning to ____________________. 9. replace 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①While many people turn to computer for movies and news, it doesn’t mean that the TV set _________ in the near future. ②We admit that our assistant is not so easily _________. So it is difficult for us to find a person to _________ her. =We admit that our assistant is so easily _________. So it is difficult for us to find a _________ for her. 完成句子 ③据报道他们要用暴力取代对话。 It is reported that they are ____________________________. ④我们的班长将代替我们的班主任参加会议。 Our monitor will ______________________________________ . ⑤我小时候住的房子已经拆掉了，取而代之的是一栋办公楼。 The house which I grew up in has been taken down and _______________________. 10. hesitate 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①When you are _________ about performing a task, don’t _________ to ask your adviser for advice, and he will help you without _________. ②It immediately occurred to her that her slightest _________ would give rise to unimaginable loss. 完成句子 ③每当朋友遇到困难时，他都会毫不犹豫地给予帮助，不要求回报。 Whenever his friends have some troubles, he ________________and require no rewards. ④她犹豫了一下，带着迟疑的微笑把手伸了出去。 __________________ and an uncertain smile, she held out her hand.  ⑤我会毫不犹豫地与他合作。毕竟，他总是可靠的。 I _____________________________ him. After all, he is always reliable. 11. admit 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①_________ to Peking university makes Amy’s family excited. ②His _________ to that famous university surprised us all for he was absent from school for a whole year. 完成句子 ③他给她寄了一封祝贺信，祝贺她被那所著名的艺术学校录取。 He sent her a letter of congratulation for her ________________________. ④迪士尼世界的游客可以在其生日当天免费入园。 Visitors to Disney World can  ________ the parks on their birthdays.  ⑤她于9月因发烧、咳痰和虚弱被收治入院。 She ________________ in September, because of fever, productive cough, and weakness. ⑥汤姆承认在考试中作弊，因此他最终没有被这所学校录取。 Tom __________ in the examination and he ______________ the school at last. ⑦上个月她被接纳为工会会员。 Last moth, she ________ a member of the trade union. ⑧普遍认为熬夜熬太晚不利于身体健康。 ________________________ staying up late is no good for health. ⑨他最终允许男孩进入了体育场。 He _______________________ the stadium at last. ⑩我们必须承认一个事实，除非努力学习，否则你不会被你理想的大学录取。 We ____________________ you will not __________________ your ideal university unless you study hard. 12. inspire 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①He was an ________ teacher. His confident leadership ________ his students, which gave me a good ________. ②He made an _________ speech at the meeting and the _________ audience stood up and gave him a long and warm applause. ③All of the students was _________ by the _________ speech given by the headmaster. 完成句子 ④演员们希望通过访问学校来鼓励孩子们演出自己的作品。 By visiting schools, the actors hope to _______________________ their own productions. ⑤他的一番鼓励激起了我的信心。 His encouragement remarks _________________________. 13. satisfaction ①To my _________ , they were _________ with what we had done to _________ the local people’s needs in the past few weeks. It was really something _________. ②The manager was _________ to see the task finished on time. 完成句子 ③由于还有许多工作要做，经理发现他们的项目工作远远不能令人满意。 With much work that remains to be completed, the manager found their project __________________. ④令工作人员满意的是，有许多人对他们的产品很满意。 _______________________, there are many people _______________________. ⑤她停下笔来，满意地读了自己已写好的东西。 She stopped writing to read _______________________.  14. exist 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Mount Wutai is also home to some of the oldest _________ wooden buildings in China that have survived since the era of the Tang Dynasty(618- 907). ②The new design will eventually replace all ________ models.  ③Wherever we go today, we can find rubbish carelessly disposed. Pollution is, in fact, threatening our _________. 完成句子 ④山上有一个奇怪的洞穴，但没有人知道它是什么时候形成的。 ______________________ on the hill, but no one knows when it ________________. ⑤有一个很好的方法来解决目前存在的问题。 ___________________________________ at present. ⑥事实上，在现实生活中也存在有特殊能力的人。 People with amazing abilities actually do _______________.  ⑦他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。 They can’t _______________ the money he’s earning. ⑧满足于现状，你就不会为了追求目标而奋斗一辈子。 _____________________________, you will not work or fight all your life to seek your target. ⑨正如我们所知，种族偏见在一些国家仍然存在，没有人确切地知道它什么时候会被消灭。 As is known to us, racial prejudice ___________________ in some countries and no one knows for sure when it will be wiped out. 五、句型仿写 1.现已证实，当父母在孩子的教育中发挥积极作用时，孩子会受益匪浅。 _______________________________________ when parents take an active role in their education. 2.人们希望他们这次能通过笔试。 ___________________________________ the written examination this time. 3.人们相信，如果你从不停止尝试并表现出巨大的毅力，没有什么能阻挡你走向成功。 _______________________ your way to success if you never stop trying and show great perseverance. 4.有人认为他的妈妈整个早上一直在写一份关于新治疗方法的报告。 __________________________________________ a report on the new treatment all morning. 5.试图说服他是没有意义的。他永远不会改变主意。 ____________________________________________. He will never change his mind. 6.你可以做笔记，但没有必要把所有的东西都写在屏幕上。 You can take notes, but _________________________ everything on the screen. 7.毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越暖，并且是人类活动导致了全球变暖。 ______________________________________ and that it is human activity that has caused the global warming. 8.根据我们的高中生活写一个故事是多么有趣啊! _______________________________________ our high school life! 9.我多想念在老家度过的日子！ _________________________which I spent in the hometown. 10.在一个温暖晴朗的日子里野餐是多么愉快的时光啊! ______________________________ on a warm sunny day! 11.对我们来说，学好一门外语是很重要的。 ____________________________ a foreign language well. 12.由于专注于学习，他在学习上取得巨大成就就不足为奇了。 With all his attention focused on his study, _______________________________. 13.他今天早晨来公司这么早，真想不到。 _________________ he came to the company so early this morning. 14.众所周知，这本书已被翻译成十种语言。 ________________________________ ten languages. 15.据说那位老人在战争期间遭受了种种苦难。 ___________________________________ varieties of sufferings during the war. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修二Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy强基固本 一、全部单词 序号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 soccer n.〈美〉足球运动 2 bat n.蝙蝠；球棒，球板 vt.& vi.用球棒(板)击球 3 skydiving n.跳伞运动 4 congratulation n.祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺 congratulate vt.祝贺 congratulatory adj.庆祝的；祝贺的 5 assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露 assumption n.假定，假设，设想 assumed adj.假设的，假定的 assuming conj.假设，假如 6 lung n.肺 7 tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看 tendency n.趋势，倾向，癖好 8 *immune adj.有免疫力；不受影响的；免除的 9 disease n.病，疾病 10 moreover adv.此外，而且 11 reduce vt.减少，缩小 reduction n.减少 12 routine n.常规，惯例 adj.常规的，例行的；乏味的 13 muscle n.肌肉，肌 14 *aerobic adj.有氧的；需氧的 15 jogging n.慢跑锻炼 16 skiing n.滑雪(运动) 17 pull-up n.引体向上 18 bone n.骨头，骨 19 gymnastics n.体操，体操训练 20 *tai chi n.太极拳，太极 21 stretch vt.& vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 22 range n.(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 23 movement n.活动，转动；移动；运动 move v.移动，搬家，感动 moving adj.令人感动的 moved adj.受感动的 movable adj.可移动的 24 petrol n.汽油 25 *carbohydrate n.碳水化合物，糖类 26 energy n.能，能量；精力；能源 energetic adj.精力旺盛的 energetically adv.精力充沛地，精力旺盛地 27 protein n.蛋白质 28 average n.平均水平，一般水准 adj.平均的；典型的 29 throughout prep.自始至终；各处，遍及 30 sweat n.汗水 vt.& vi.出汗，流汗 31 injury n.伤害，损伤 injure vt.伤害，损伤 injured adj.受伤的，受损害的 32 prevent vt.阻止，阻碍 prevention n.防止，预防 preventable adj.可预防的 preventive adj.预防性的；防备的 unpreventable adj.无法预防的 33 tissue n.(人、动植物细胞的)组织； (尤指用作手帕的)纸巾，手巾纸 34 equipment n.设备；配备，装备 equip v.配备；装备 equipped adj.装备齐全的 35 lack n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺 lacking adj.短缺的，缺乏的 36 maintain vt.维持；维修，保养 37 announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知 announcement n.宣布，宣告；通知 announcer n.广播员，播音员，宣告者 38 update vt.使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n.最新消息 updated adj.更新的，现代化的 39 replace vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 replacement n.代替，更换，替代品 replaceable adj.可替换的，可代替的 irreplaceable adj.不能替代的 40 athlete n.运动员 athletic adj.运动的，运动员的 athletics n.体育，田径运动 athletically adv.运动地，竞赛地 41 boxing n.拳击运动 42 champion n.冠军，第一名 43 court n.球场；法院，法庭；宫廷 44 plus conj.而且，此外 prep.加；和 45 nearby adj.附近的，邻近的 adv.在附近，不远 46 gym n.健身房，体育馆 gymnastics n.体操，体操训练 gymnast n.体操运动员 47 partner n.搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 48 position n.处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 49 hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑 hesitation n.犹豫，迟疑 hesitant adj.迟疑的，犹豫不决的 50 admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入 admission n.准入，准许，录取，入场费 51 inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感) inspiration n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物) inspiring adj.令人鼓舞的 inspired adj.受/感到鼓舞的 52 explore vt.& vi.探究，探索；勘探，勘察 exploration n.探险；探索，探究 explorer n.探险者/家 53 *crane n.鹤 54 *rooster n.雄鸡 55 nowadays adv.现今，现在 56 master n.大师，能手；主人 vt.精通，掌握；控制 57 *imitate vt.模仿；仿效 imitation n.仿制品，模仿，仿效，赝品 imitative adj.模仿的 imitator n.模仿者，仿效者 58 ache vi.& n.疼痛，隐痛 59 satisfaction n.满意；满足，达到 satisfy vt.满足；使满意 satisfying adj.令人满意的 satisfied adj.满足的；(感到)满意的 satisfactory adj.令人满意的 60 root vt.& vi.(使)生根 n.根，根茎；根源，起因 61 philosophy n.哲学 philosophical adj.哲学的，哲学上的 philosopher n.哲学家，哲人 62 *unity n.统一体，联合体，整体；团结一致，联合，统一 unite v.使……混合，使……联合， 使……团结 union n.联盟，协会，工会，联合 63 exist vi.存在；生活，生存 existence n.生存，存在 existent adj.现存的，现有的，现有的，n.存在(或实有)的事物 existing adj.存在的，现行的 注意：existing强调目前状态，existent说明性质 64 backwards adv.向后；朝反方向 65 breathe vi.& vt.呼吸；呼出 breath n.呼吸，气息，微风 breathless adj.气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的 (n.breathlessness) breathable adj.透气的 66 diagram n.简图，图解，图表，示意图 二、重要短语 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 name ... after ... (be named after) 以……命名 2 be rooted in 起源于，植根于 3 bring about 引起，导致，造成，带来 拓展 bring back bring down bring forward bring in bring up 带回，使回忆起，恢复 降低，使倒下，击落 将……提前，提出 引入，赚得，推行 抚养，养育，呕吐 4 do wonders 创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 5 fit ... into one’s schedule 将……列入某人日程中 6 keep up 坚持，维持，继续(某活动)，沿袭(风俗、传统等)，不使斗志低落 拓展 keep up with keep off keep in touch with 跟上，赶上 避开，使不接近 与……保持联系 7 make preparations for(prepare for) 为……准备 8 make sure 确保，务必 9 make up for 弥补，补偿 拓展 make up be made up of=consist of＝be composed of make out be made of/ from make up one’s mind to do sth 编造，化妆，构成，组成，补足/上，和好 由……构成，组成 理解，辨认出 ……制成 下定决心做某事(mind随人称的单复数而变) 10 play a role in 在……中扮演角色， 起/发挥作用=play a part in 11 put the finishing touches to 对……进行最后的润色或修饰 12 put sth. in place(be put in place) 准备就绪 13 sign up for 报名参加 14 stick with 持续，坚持 拓展 stick out stick to stick up stick up for 伸出，突出，明显 坚持(真理等)，坚持干(某事)，忠于 竖立，向上突出 为……辩护，支持，拥护 15 try out 测试，试验，参加选拔 16 warm up 热身，做准备活动，变暖 17 work one’s way to 努力达到，努力前进 拓展 make one’s way to mend one’s ways lose the/one’s way exercise one’s way make one’s way fight one’s way pick one’s way feel one’s way push one’s way wind one’s way (艰难地)行进，前进 改(邪归)正，改过自新，整改 迷路 通过锻炼来…… 前往，有所成就，获得成功 杀出一条路 行路谨慎 摸索着前行 推挤着前行 蜿蜒向前 18 above all 最重要的是，首先 拓展 after all all in all first of all in all at all 毕竟，终究 整体说来，总而言之 第1， 首先 全部，总共 (用于否定句)一点也不，(用于疑问句)到底，究竟 19 at(lower/greater)risk of 有……(较低/更大)的风险 20 in general 一般来说 21 in response to 满足……的需要；对……作出反应 22 in this way 这样 23 not oneself 身体不好，不在状态 24 over the long term 长期 拓展 in the short/long term=in the short/long run 从短期/长期看 25 under the weather 略有不适，不舒服 三、经典句型 1. It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.(P16 Lines 7-9)事实也证明，经常运动的人往往会有更好的免疫系统，患病的风险较低。 (It+ be +过去分词+ that从句) 2. How boring it is to exercise alone! (P23)一个人锻炼是多么无聊啊!(how引导的感叹句) 3. No wonder some tai chi moves are named after animals. (P25 Lines 14-15)难怪有些太极动作是以动物命名的 (no wonder+(that)从句及其衍生的句型) 4. Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.(P25 Lines 10-12)传说十三世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士从蛇与鸟的缠斗中汲取灵感，创立了太极。(主语＋be＋过去分词＋不定式句型) 说明：涉及词性/形变化的，请查看以上“‘背’一本中的全部单词”板块。 一、核心词汇 1. congratulation 【词不离句】Cogratulations!(P16) 【拓展延伸】 congratulate sb. on(doing)sth.就某事(做某事)……向某人祝贺 offer/send/extend/express/convey congratulations to sb. on sth.为某事向某人表示/表达祝贺 accept one’s congratulations on sth.接受某人对某事的祝贺 congratulations to sb. on sth.为某事祝贺某人 注意：congratulate与celebrate的用法 congratulate 意为“祝贺,向……道贺”，其宾语只能是人;若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面要用on连接,构成congratulate sb. on sth. celebrate 意为“庆祝，庆贺”，指举行盛大、隆重的仪式来庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或事件。常用表示节日、胜利、成功等的名词作宾语。 2. assume 【词不离句】Most people assume that regular exercise does wonders for the body and mind – but what exactly are its health benefits? (P16) 【拓展延伸】 an assumed name化名，假名 assume+sb.+to be ...认为某人是…… assume(that从句)...认为…… assuming that从句...假设/假如/如果…… on the assumption that从句...基于……的假定 assume sb./sth. to be 认为某人/某物是…… make assumptions about假设…… It is generally assumed that从句...人们普遍认为…… 3. tend 【词不离句】It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases. (P16) 【拓展延伸】 tend to do sth.往往会/倾向于做某事，易于做某事 tend (to)sb. /sth.照料/照看某人/某物 have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做…… tend to/toward(s)sth.倾向……的趋势，趋于，倾向于 4. range 【词不离句】Flexibility training...and improve your body’s range of movement.(P17) 【拓展延伸】 range from…to …/range between…and…在……范围内变化/从……到/和……范围内变动 a range of一系列(a wide/full range of各种各样的) out of/beyond one’s range=out of/beyond the range of sb.超出某人承受的范围 in the range of...to在……到……范围内 within/in the range of在……范围内 5. average 【词不离句】In general, you should have your meal an average of 1.5 to 2.5 hours before exercising.(P17) 【拓展延伸】 an average of平均有(后跟数词)，……的平均数 on(the)average平均，一般地 (well)above/below(the)average(远远)高于/低于平均水平，(远)在平均水平以上/以下 注意：average还可以作动词用，意为“平均为，计算出……的平均数” average over ... metres above sea level平均海拔超过……米 6. prevent 【词不离句】To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.(P17) 【拓展延伸】 禁止/阻止某人做某事 prevent/stop sb.(from)doing sth. ban sb.from doing sth. keep sb. from doing sth. discourage sb. from doing sth. prohibit sb.from doing sth. prohibit sb.’s doing sth. forbid sb. to do sth. forbid sb’s doing sth. 7. lack 【词不离句】Others work out for hours at the weekend to make up for their lack of exercise during the weekdays. (P19) 【拓展延伸】 lack作名词用： for/through lack of＋n.因缺乏…… lack of＋n.缺乏/少…… the lack of＋n.缺乏/少…… (have/there be)no lack of＋n.不缺乏……，不乏/乏有的是…… (have/there be)a lack of＋n.缺乏…… for /through lack of＋n.因缺乏……，因没有…… lack作动词用： lack(for) sth 缺少某物 be lacking in在……方面缺乏 注意：lack的现在分词lacking已经转化为adj.，意为“短缺的，缺乏的”。 8. announce 【词不离句】We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Centre will soon be open to the public once again! (P20) 【拓展延伸】 make an announcement发布宣告，发表公告，声明 announce to sb. sth. = announce sth. to sb.向某人宣布某事 announce that ...宣布……/宣告…… It is/was announced that ...据宣布…… 9. replace 【词不离句】In response to public interest，our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options，including modern dance.(P20) 【拓展延伸】 replace sb./ sth代替某人或某物 replace A with/ by B用B取代A replace A for B用A取代B 表示“代替”的短语还有： substitute A for B用A代替/替换B take the place of sb.=take sb.’s place代替某人 in one’s place = in place of sb.= instead of sb.(介词词组)代替某人或某物 10. hesitate 【词不离句】When my friend first suggested that we join the new Tai Chi Club at school, I hesitated.(P25) 【拓展延伸】 hesitate to do sth.做某事有疑虑/犹豫，不愿意做某事 hesitate about/over (doing)...对(做)……犹豫 have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事 with hesitation犹豫地 without hesitation=with no hesitation毫不犹豫地 11. admit 【词不离句】I had to admit that I had been wrong about tai chi.(P25) 【拓展延伸】 admit(doing/having done)sth.承认(做过)某事 admit sb./sth.to be承认某人/某物是…… admit sb.to/into...准许/允许某人进入(或加入)…… be admitted to/into...被允许进入，被……录取 be admitted as被接受成为……的一员 admit(to sb.)that从句...(向某人)承认…… it is generally admitted that...一般认为/普遍认为……，……是公认的 gain admission to进入……，……被录取 get free admission to/be admitted for free to免费/免票进入/进场 12. inspire 【词不离句】Just as importantly, practicing tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it. (P25) 【拓展延伸】 inspire ... in sb.激发某人的…… inspire sb. with ...激发某人的…… inspire sb. to do sth.激发某人做某事 13. satisfaction 【词不离句】With these requirements of tai chi in mind, I found to my satisfaction that my balance and flexibility slowly improved, that I was able to do more difficult moves, and that my love for tai chi returned stronger than ever.(P26) 【拓展延伸】 with satisfaction满意地 to one’s satisfaction/to the satisfaction of sb.令某人满意的是 be/feel satisfied with……感到满意 gain satisfaction from sth.从某事中得到满足感 with great satisfaction非常满意地 far from satisfactory不能令某人满意，远不令人满意 注意：satisfying和satisfactory用于表示事物所具有的特征；satisfied感到满意的，表示心理感受。 14. exist 【词不离句】Neither can exist independent of the other; for example, there is no shadow without light.(P26) 【拓展延伸】 exist in=lie in=consist in存在于……中 exist on=live on靠……生活(生存) there exist(s/ed)有/存在…… come into existence形成，产生，开始存在 in existence现存的，现有的 the existing state of affairs现状 注意：exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。 The custom of arranged marriages still exists in many countries.  包办婚姻的习俗在许多国家仍然存在。 二、经典句型 1. It+ be +过去分词+ that从句 【原句呈现】It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.(P16 Lines 7-9)事实也证明，经常运动的人往往会有更好的免疫系统，患病的风险较低。 【拓展延伸】 ①It has been proven that从句，事实证明……，为“It +be+过去分词+ that”从句结构。其中that引导主语从句，it是形式主语。 ②常用于此结构的句型还有： It is believed that...人们相信/据认为/据信…… It is said that...据说…… It is reported that...据报道…… It is hoped that...人们希望…… It is thought that...大家/有人/人们/认为/被认为/据认为…… It is well­known that...众所周知…… It is suggested that...有人建议…… 参看下面的句型4.主语＋be＋过去分词＋不定式句型 例句： ①It has been proven that time and time again that trust and mutually beneficial cooperation are the only way to maintain peace and push forward common development. 事实一再证明，信任和互利合作是维护和平、促进共同发展的必由之路。 ②It is believed that global warming is due to human activities.人们相信，全球变暖归因于人类的活动。 ③It is reported that one­third of citizens plan to buy a car.据报道，三分之一的市民打算买车。 ④It is said that he escaped being killed in the traffic accident the other day. 据说他在前几天的交通事故中死里逃生。 ⑤It is hoped that the air in this city will become much cleaner.希望这个城市的空气会变得更清洁。 ⑥It is thought that China is the biggest farming country.人们认为中国是第一农业大国。 ⑦It is well­known that the number of animals is becoming smaller due to hunting. 众所周知，由于狩猎，动物的数量越来越少。 ⑧It is suggested that students should do/do some exercise for at least an hour every day. 建议学生每天至少锻炼一小时。 2. how/what引导的感叹句 【原句呈现】How boring it is to exercise alone! (P23) 【拓展延伸】 本句是一个感叹句。感叹句一般由what和how引出，what与名词连用构成感叹句，how 与形容词 或副词连用构成感叹句。 ①how+形容词/副词 (+主语+谓语)！ ②how+形容词+a/ an+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)！ ③how＋主语＋谓语！ ④what +a/ an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语! ⑤what +形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)！ 例句： ①You don’t know how excited he was when he heard about the news. 你不知道他听到这个消息时有多激动。 ②How hard they are working now! 他们工作多么努力呀! ③How her mother worried!她母亲是多么地担心啊！ ④How difficult the maths problem is/What a difficult maths problem it is! None of us can work it out. 这是一道多么难的数学题啊！我们谁也解答不出来。 ⑤What lovely wild animals we saw during our tour in Australia! 我们在澳大利亚旅游时看到了多么可爱的野生动物！ ⑥You can’t imagine what terrible weather we experience on our journey. 你无法想象我们在旅途中会经历多么恶劣的天气。 3. no wonder+(that)从句及其衍生的句型 【原句呈现】No wonder some tai chi moves are named after animals. (P25 Lines 14-15) 难怪有些太极动作是以动物命名的。 【拓展延伸】 ①no wonder(that)从句=It’s no wonder(that)从句。意为：难怪/怪不得……；……不足为奇 ②衍生的句型 It is a wonder(that)...真想不到，令人惊奇的是…… There’s no doubt that...毫无疑问…… There’s no point in doing sth.做某事没有意义 There’s no need to do sth.没必要做某事 例句： ①Sally lost her pet dog. It is no wonder that she was sad these days. 莎莉丢了她的宠物狗。难怪她这些天悲伤。 ②No wonder/It’s no wonder(that)he knew so much about it 他做了彻底的调查，怪不得他对此事了解得那么多。 ③It is a wonder that he remained alive after dropping from the tall building. 令人惊奇的是，他从高楼上摔下来后还活着。 ④There is no doubt that these animals urgently need both assistance and protection. 毫无疑问，这些动物急需得到帮助和保护。 ⑤There’s no point in comparing you with others all the time.总是把你和别人比较是没有意义的。 ⑥There’s no need to get into a panic about the exams.没有必要为考试而惊慌失措。 4. 主语＋be＋过去分词＋不定式句型 【原句呈现】Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.(P25 Lines 10-12)传说十三世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士从蛇与鸟的缠斗中汲取灵感，创立了太极。 【拓展延伸】 ①句中was said to have invented为sb./sth.be said to have done sth.句型，意为“据说做了某事”。 该句型可以与It is said that...句型转换。原句可以改成：It was said that Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, had invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. 能用于此结构的动词还有：know, report, believe, think, expect, consider, suppose等动词。 注意：It is suggested/hoped that...不能转换成“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do”结构。 ②在“主语＋be＋过去分词＋不定式”结构中，其不定式根据需要有时态和语态的变化。 在“主语＋be＋said/expected...＋to do”结构中，不定式的形式取决于它与谓语动作发生的先后关系。在其之后或与其几乎同时发生，常用一般式(to do)；强调同时发生时还可用进行式(to be doing)；之前发生用完成式(to have done)。 参看上面的“It+ be +过去分词+ that从句”的讲解。 例句： ①Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. 据说，13世纪的道家张三丰从蛇与鸟的打斗中获得灵感，发明了太极拳。 ②He is thought to have acted foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. 他的举止被认为是愚蠢的。失去这份工作只能怨他自己，不能怨别人。 ③A health care project is reported to provide treatment at half the cost or less next year, depending on the needs of the patient.据报道，一项医疗保健工程明年将视病人的需要以半价或更少一些的费用提供治疗服务。 ④The number of English learners is said to be increasing throughout the world every day. 据说全世界英语学习者的人数每天都在增长。 ⑤My family has a vase, which is said to date back to(date from)/and it is said to date back to(date from) the Ming Dynasty.我家有一个花瓶，据说可以追溯到明朝。 ⑥He is said to have written a new novel.据说他写了一本新小说。 一、单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式) 1.The moment the _________(体操运动员)appeared, he was surrounded by/with his fans. 【答案】gymnast 【句意】那位体操运动员一出现，他就被粉丝们围住了。 2.What the witness said in _________(法庭)was consistent with the statement he made to the police. 【答案】court 【句意】证人在法庭上所说的与他向警方所作的陈述一致。 3.Let’s go to ________(体育馆) to do g_________, shall we? 【答案】gym, gymnastics 【句意】让我们去体育馆做些体操训练，好吗? 4.Ambulances took the  i_________ to a _________(附近)hospital. 【答案】injured, nearby    【句意】救护车把伤者送到了附近的一所医院。 5.I can’t agree to anything without my _________(搭档的)approval. 【答案】partner’s 【句意】没有我搭档的许可，我什么都不能同意。 6.N__________, more and more people have come to realize that some traditional exercise like ________(慢跑), swimming and climbing may help people stay in shape. 【答案】Nowadays, jogging 【句意】现在越来越多的人终于认识到，一些传统的运动，如慢跑、游泳和攀岩，可以帮助人们保持身材。 7.Where you can sit down to rest your _________(疼痛)legs. 【答案】aching 【句意】你可以在这个地方坐下，让你疼痛的双腿休息一下。 8.Canada is a broad and beautiful country________(延伸)from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. 【答案】stretching 【句意】加拿大是一个广阔而美丽的国家，从大西洋一直延伸到太平洋。 9.Instead of making progress, I actually seem to be going ________(向后)in my work. 【答案】backwards/backward 【句意】我的工作不但没有进步，实际上像是在退步。 10.Amazingly, that was the sixth year in a row that the a_________ won the _________(冠军)of the game. 【答案】athlete, champion 【句意】令人惊讶的是，这已经是这位运动员连续第六年赢得该项目的冠军。 11.I call the general manager every day to keep him _________(更新)on the day’s developments. 【答案】updated 【句意】我每天给总经理打电话告诉他当天的最新进展。 12.Bill was put into a p_________ in which he had to either accept he was less important, or pack up and leave right away. 【答案】 position 【句意】比尔在公司处于这样的境遇：要么承认低人一等，要么马上卷铺盖离开。 13.He was occupied with r_________ office tasks last week. 【答案】routine 【句意】上周他忙于办公室的日常工作。 14.Lin Qiaozhi made great achievements in women d_________ and delivering new-born babies. 【答案】diseases 【句意】林巧稚在妇科疾病和接生新生儿方面取得了很大成就。 15.M_________, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 【答案】Moreover 【句意】此外，互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。 16.There is no doubt that m_________ a foreign language will be beneficial to children t_________ their lives. 【答案】mastering, throughout 【句意】毫无疑问，掌握一门外语对孩子终生有益。 17.Doctors have to constantly update their knowledge in order to m________ their professional competence. 【答案】maintain 【句意】医生必须不断更新他们的知识，以保持他们的专业能力。 18.That work and creative activities have been important drivers of human progress is deeply r________ in our social values. 【答案】rooted 【句意】工作和创造性活动是人类进步的重要驱动者，这深深地植根于我们的社会价值观中。 19.Already they were s________ as the sun beat down on them. 【答案】sweating 【句意】在阳光的强烈照射下他们已经汗流浃背。 20.Millions of fans are looking forward to meeting the s________ star now. 【答案】soccer 【句意】数以百万计的球迷现在都盼望着见到这位足球明星。 二、词性/形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空) 1.Well-suited for the humid southern regions of China, luo has larger holes in the fabric, making it more lightweight and ________(breath). 【答案】breathable 【句意】罗(一种布料)非常适合中国潮湿的南方地区，织物上有更大的孔，使其更轻，更透气。 2.Students attend lectures on the history of ________(move)type along with interesting classes on typesetting and printing. 【答案】movable 【句意】学生们听了关于活字印刷历史的讲座以及关于排版和印刷的有趣课程。 3.He supports ________(athlete)talented, but financially poor children. 【答案】athletically 【句意】他支持有运动天赋但经济拮据的孩子。 4.Watching him climb up the cliff, everybody was ________(breath)with anxiety. 【答案】breathless 【句意】看着他爬上悬崖，每个人都焦虑得喘不过气来。 5.In the first year, freshmen can only participate in freshmen intramural ________(athlete), which is somewhat informal. 【答案】athletics 【句意】在第一年，新生只能参加新生校内体育运动，这有点不正式。 6.It took her over a month to recover from vomiting(呕吐)and ________(breath). 【答案】breathlessness 【句意】她花了一个多月的时间才从呕吐和呼吸困难中恢复过来。 7.They have been given college scholarships purely on their ________(athlete)ability. 【答案】athletic 【句意】他们仅凭运动能力就获得了大学奖学金。 8.Everyone is waiting for the _________(announce)of the result, which is a dramatic moment for the winner. 【答案】announcement 【句意】每个人都在等待结果的宣布，这对胜利者来说是一个激动人心的时刻。 9.His son seems to be an _________ child.=His son seems to be a child full of energy. 【答案】energetic 【句意】他儿子似乎是一个精力充沛的孩子。 10.If you can find drive in studying, not only will you learn _________(energy), but with fun and ease. 【答案】energetically 【句意】如果你能在学习中找到动力，你不仅能精力充沛地学习，而且能轻松愉快地学习。 11.At first sight, the bag seems made of real leather. But actually it is just an _________(imitate). 【答案】imitation 【句意】乍一看，这个包好像是真皮做的。但实际上它只是一个仿制品。 12.The _________(explore)were told to equip themselves with everything they would need for their voyage. 【答案】explorers 【句意】探索家们被告知他们需要为这次航行全副武装。 13.Many nations have promised to _________ greenhouse gas emissions, but are falling short of the target _________ of 25 to 40 percent of 1990 levels.(reduce) 【答案】reduce, reduction 【句意】许多国家承诺减少温室气体的排放，但是还没有达到1990年减排25%到40%的目标。 14.The _________(announce)broadcasts a piece of amusing news every day. 【答案】announcer 【句意】播音员每天播送一则有趣的新闻。 15.We must strengthen our _________(unite)in protection of blue sky from pollution. 【答案】unity 【句意】我们只有加强团结合作，才能保护蓝天远离污染。 16._________(assume)that we can’t get the necessary _________(equip)for the lab by the end of this month, we will have to give up the experiment. 【答案】Assuming, equipment 【句意】假如我们在月底前弄不到实验室所需的设备，我们就得放弃实验了。 17.My grandpa gets out of _________(breathe)after walking a few steps and needs to rest. 【答案】breath 【句意】我爷爷走几步就气喘吁吁，需要休息一下。 18._________(equip)with the professional knowledge, I can design the best plan to protect the fresh water. 【答案】Equipped 【句意】具备这种专业知识，我就可以设计出保护淡水的最佳方案。 19.The future of space _________ remains bright. Many countries plan to ________ more planets in the hope of understanding the universe better and helping us survive well into the future.(explore) 【答案】exploration, explore 【句意】太空探索的前景依然光明。许多国家计划探索更多的行星，希望能更好地了解宇宙，帮助我们在未来好好生存下去。 20.Most believe he could have played for England last week, but for a serious _________(injure)which put him out of football. 【答案】injury 【句意】多数人认为，要不是受了重伤而告别足球，上周他本会为英格兰踢球的。 21.We held a ceremony in honour of the firefighters risking their lives to save the _________(injure)in the big fire. 【答案】injured 【句意】为纪念那些在大火中冒着生命危险抢救伤员的消防员，我们举行了一场仪式。 22.Martin Luther King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize of 1964 for advocating nonviolence policy in the _________(move)for civil rights. 【答案】movement  【句意】马丁·路德·金因在民权运动中主张非暴力政策而于1964 年被授予诺贝尔和平奖。 23.Everybody was _________ beyond words after they heard her _________ story.(move) 【答案】moved, moving     【句意】当他们听到她的感人故事时，每个人都感动得无以言表。 24.The labor _________(unite)demanded that employees of both genders should be treated equally in terms of their salaries and benefits. 【答案】union     【句意】工会强烈要求男女雇员在薪酬和福利方面被平等对待。 25.She is a poor _________, because her work has been criticized for being ________ too shallowly.(imitate) 【答案】imitator, imitative 【句意】她是个拙劣的模仿者，因为她的作品因模仿得太肤浅了而受到批评。 三、短语填空(从“背”一本“短语”栏目中选择恰当的短语填空) 说明：每个短语只能用一次，且选择范围不包括拓展短语。 1.__________, people living near noisy roads are _____________ developing high blood pressure. 【答案】In general, at greater risk of 【句意】一般来说，生活在嘈杂道路附近的人患高血压的风险更大。 2.You should do more outdoor exercise,which can contribute to your _________ a good state of mind. 【答案】keeping up 【句意】你应该多做户外运动，这有助于你保持良好的精神状态。 3.He made such a great contribution to the university that the new library ______________ him. 【答案】was named after 【句意】他为这所大学做出了巨大的贡献，因此这座新的图书馆以他命名。 4.She went over what she had written and _______ the essay.  【答案】put the finishing touches to 【句意】她把所写的东西又看了一遍，并对全文进行了最后的润色。 5.All this changed after I joined a sports team. It began when a teacher suggested I __________ for the basketball team. 【答案】try out 【句意】在我加入运动队后，这一切都改变了。事情开始于一位老师建议我参加篮球队的选拔。 6.The consensus among the world’s scientists is that the world is likely to __________ over the next few decades. 【答案】warm up 【句意】全世界科学家的共识是地球可能在未来几十年中变暖。 7._____________ the severe situation, we should take effective measures to protect the plant where we coexist. 【答案】In response to 【句意】面对严峻的形势，我们应该采取有效措施保护我们共同生存的地球。 8.I discovered that tai chi ______ deeply ____________ the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang, which are believed to form the unity of opposites. 【答案】is, rooted in 【句意】我发现太极深深扎根于中国的阴阳哲学中，被认为形成了对立统一。 9.On the one hand, computers extend our vision; on the other hand, they also _____________ some harmful problems. 【答案】bring about 【句意】一方面，电脑扩展了我们的视野；另一方面，它们也带来了一些有害的问题。 10.She believes that it is highly important to bridge the digital divide and __________ that everyone has access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology. 【答案】make sure 【句意】她认为，消除数字鸿沟，确保每个人都能使用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术，是非常重要的。 11.She was determined to work harder so that she could _____________ the lost time. 【答案】make up for 【句意】她决心更加努力工作，以便弥补失去的时间。 12.Not only do the oceans provide us with abundant resources, but they also ______________ maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. 【答案】play a role in 【句意】海洋不仅为我们提供了丰富的资源，而且在维持生态系统平衡方面也发挥着作用。 13.Being good at paper-cutting made him ____________ the paper-cutting competition. 【答案】sign up for 【句意】由于擅长剪纸，他报名参加了剪纸比赛 14.___________, choose activities you enjoy because only ____________ are you more likely to ______________ them. 【答案】Above all, in this way, stick with 【句意】最重要的是，选择你喜欢的活动，因为只有这样你才更有可能坚持下去。 15.Mr Smith is ___________________ the meeting which is due to start next month. 【答案】making preparations for 【句意】史密斯先生正在为下个月开始的会议做准备。 16.In parallel, we must ensure that the financial support mechanisms _____________ last May are fit for purpose. 【答案】put in place 【句意】相应地，我们必须确保去年5月就位的金融支持机制契合目标。 17.Doctors have discovered that keeping a pet can ______________ for your health. 【答案】do wonders 【句意】医生们已经发现，养一只宠物会对你的健康产生奇妙作用。 18.It took her years to __________________ to the top of her profession.  【答案】work her way 【句意】她努力了好多年才达到事业的高峰。 19.If maintained _________________, these habits can become a serious health risk. 【答案】over the long term 【句意】如果长期保持，这些习惯会成为严重的健康风险。 20.Are you feeling better now or are you still _________________ and _____________?  【答案】under the weather, not yourself 【句意】你现在感觉好点了还是仍然不舒服且不在状态？ 四、核心词汇(根据要求完成相关任务) 1. congratulation 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Linda’s mother sent her daughter a text message, _________ her on being elected monitor again. 【答案】congratulating 【解析】句意：琳达的母亲给她的女儿发了一条短信，祝贺她再次当选班长。句子主干部分的谓语动词是sent，横线处应填入非谓语动词作状语，主语Linda’s mother和动词congratulate是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填congratulating。 ②Chinese President Xi Jinping on Thursday ________ the complete success of the Chang’e-5 mission, extending warm ________ and sincere greetings to all members who participated in the Chang’e-5 mission in a ________ message. 【答案】congratulated, congratulations, congratulatory 【解析】根据时间状语on Thursday可知，句子用一般过去时。第一空填congratulated； 第二空受形容词warm修饰，填名词，且要用复数congratulations；congratulatory adj.庆祝的，祝贺的。句意：周四国家主席习近平发来贺电，祝贺嫦娥五号任务的圆满成功，向参加嫦娥五号任务的全体同志致以热烈的祝贺和诚挚的问候。 完成句子 ③校长写了一封信祝贺她取得了好成绩，激动人心的祝贺令她深受鼓舞。 The headmaster wrote a letter to _______________________ and ________________ encouraged her greatly. 【答案】congratulate her on her good performance, the exciting congratulations ④他给我写了一封电子邮件，对我的成功向我表示/表达最热烈的祝贺。 He wrote an email to me to ____________________________________! 【答案】offer/send/extend/express/convey his congratulations to me on my success ⑤请接受我对你婚姻的衷心祝贺。 Please ____________________________ your marriage. 【答案】accept my sincere congratulations on ⑥为了祝贺Jane通过考试，我们举行了一个聚会来庆祝这件事情。 To ___________________ the examination, we held a party to ___________. 【答案】congratulate Jane on having passed, celebrate it 2. assume 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The result of this study confirmed the previous ________ made by the scientist months ago. 【答案】assumption 【解析】被形容词previous，要用名词assumption。句意：这个研究结果证实了科学家数月前的假设。 ②He has been living in the USA under an ________ name. 【答案】assumed 【解析】空格处是定语，要用形容词，an assumed name化名。句意：他一直住在美国，用的是化名。 完成句子 ③在证实他有罪之前我们得要假定他是清白的。 We must ________________ innocent until he is proved guilty.  【答案】assume him to be ④他们租了那个旧房子，以为在搬进来之前房东会重新粉刷的。 They rented the old house _______________ the landlord would repaint it before they moved in. 【答案】on the assumption that/assuming that ⑤人们普遍认为，人工智能教育具有很大的发展潜力，因为它可以为学生提供个性化的教学。 ____________________________________ enjoys a lot of growth potential since it can provide customized teaching for students. 【答案】It is assumed that Artificial Intelligence education 3. tend 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The statesmen ________ to learn more about the present ________. 【答案】tend, tendency 【解析】第一空tend to do的结构，第二空被形容词present修饰应该用名词tendency。句意：政 治家们往往会去了解更多的关于目前的趋势。 ②The storm ________ to hit our city, and we will observe the ________ of it closely. 【答案】tends, tendency 【详解】句意：暴风雨有袭击我们城市的趋势，我们将密切观察它的趋势。结合句意可知，第一空为第一个分句的谓语动词，描述一个一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语“storm”表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数；第二空用名词作宾语，tendency“趋势”，名词。 完成句子 ③人们普遍倾向于做他们擅长或喜欢的事情。 Generally, people ___________________ what they are good at doing or what they like doing. 【答案】have a tendency to do/tend to do ④她忙于日常工作事务，没有时间照顾孩子。 Occupied with routine office tasks, she had no time ______________________. 【答案】to tend(to)her children ⑤他告诉我他的意见倾向于我的意见。 He told me that his opinion _________________. 【答案】trended towards mine 4. range 完成句子 ①世界各地都庆祝节日。它们的起源很广泛，比如一年中的季节、宗教、著名人物和重要事件。 Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They _____________________, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. 【答案】have a wide range of origins ②我们学校图书馆有各种各样的书，从经典小说到最新杂志。 Our school library has books of all kinds that _____________________________. 【答案】range from classic novels to latest magazines ③或许这个问题超越了人类理解的范围。 Maybe the question is _____________________ human understanding.  【答案】beyond the range of  ④很报歉，那个高音我唱不上去。 I’m afraid the high note _________________.  【答案】is beyond my range ⑤虽然她的描述听起来很好，但是价格超出了我们的承受范围，所以我们拒绝了。 Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was ________________, so we declined. 【答案】beyond our range ⑥“你能射中树顶上的那只鸟吗？”“不能，它在射程之外了。” —Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree? —No, it’s ______________. 【答案】out of range ⑦该国将履行已经做出的承诺：到2023 年减排至 17%范围内。 The country will fulfill the commitments that we have made: cutting our emission _______________ 17 percent by 2023. 【答案】within/in the range of 5. average 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Most children are not geniuses or stars. They just do _________ well. 【答案】averagely 【解析】修饰副词well用副词averagely。句意：大多数孩子既不是天才也不是明星，他们只是表现平平。 ②The _________ income of Tianjin, though still well below that of Beijing, has been on the increase and now is three times what it was ten years ago. 【答案】average 【解析】修饰名词income用形容词average。句意：天津的平均收入虽然仍远低于北京，但一直在增长，现在是十年前的三倍。 完成句子 ③生物老师告诉我们蜂后平均能活4—6年。 The biology teacher told us that the queen bee can live for __________________. 【答案】an average of of four to six years/four to six years averagely/four to six years on average ④今年的降雨量低于平均水平，结果出现了严重的干旱。 The amount of rain this year has been ______________. As a result, there is a serious drought. 【答案】below(the)average ⑤青藏高原是世界上最高的高原，平均海拔超过4000米。 The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the world’s highest plateau, ________________________. 【答案】averaging over 4,000 metres above sea level ⑥他的学习成绩远远高于平均水平，但他仍然很谦虚，乐于助人。 His academic performance is ___________________, but he is still humble and helpful. 【答案】well above(the)average 6. prevent 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①His research in the field of disease ________ produced unexpected results, which ________ patients from suffering a lot. 【答案】prevention, prevented 【解析】第一空作介词的宾语，应用名词prevention，不可数；第二空根据上文produced可知，为一般过去时，故填prevented。句意：他在疾病预防领域的研究取得了意想不到的成果，使病人免受了许多痛苦。 ②The delay in diagnosis often leads to worse health issues that could have been potentially _________ if they had been given the access in the country where they were working. 【答案】preventable 【解析】作表语用形容词preventable。句意：延迟诊断往往会导致更严重的健康问题，如果他们能在工作的国家得到治疗，这些问题本是可以预防的。 ③I think we should recognize that traffic jam is an ________ by-product of successful cities. 【答案】unpreventable 【解析】修饰名词by-product要用形容词，结合前面的不定冠词an应填unpreventable。句意：我认为我们应该承认，交通堵塞是成功城市不可预防的副产品。 ④The police were able to take ________ action and avoid a possible riot. 【答案】preventive 【解析】修饰名词action要用形容词。句意：警方及时采取防范措施，避免了可能发生的骚乱。 完成句子 ⑤就我而言，我们应该采取措施防止这种情况再次发生。 As far as I am concerned, we are supposed to take steps ______________________________. 【答案】to prevent/stop/keep/ban/discourage/prohibit the disease from this from happening again ⑥没有人能阻止这些计划的实施。 No one can _________the plans _________________. 【答案】prevent/stop/keep/ban/discourage/prohibit, from being carried out 7. lack 完成句子 ①研究表明，非洲的农田往往缺乏重要资源。缺乏营养使那里的土壤贫瘠。 Studies show farmland in Africa _________________ important nutrients. And ___________ nutrients makes the soil there poor. 【答案】is often lacking in/often lacks, lack of ②受许多负面报道的影响，一些人错误地认为青少年缺乏责任感和对他人的关心。 Influenced by many negative reports, some people wrongly _____________________ and concern for others. 【答案】regard teenagers as lacking a sense of responsibility ③每个人都知道, 人口增长肯定会导致能源的缺乏。(definitely, result in, the lack of) Everyone knows that the increasing population will ________________________. 【答案】definitely result in the lack of energy ④由于缺乏足够的训练，我们很难赢得即将到来的比赛。 _________________________, we will have great trouble in winning the coming match. 【答案】For lack of enough training/Lacking enough training/Due to being lacking in ⑤因为没钱，她的父亲小时候没有上学。 Her father didn’t go to school when he was young ______________________________. 【答案】for lack of money/because he lacked for money ⑥那天的活动中，志愿者不乏其人。 During that day’s event, __________________________.  【答案】there was no lack of volunteers ⑦食物短缺，许多人死于饥荒。 ________________________, so many people died of famine. 【答案】There was a lack of food 8. announce 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①It is reported that the list of final winners ________ at the end of the event, or rather, next Friday. 【答案】will be announced 【解析】句意：据报道，最终的获胜者的名单将在活动结束时宣布，更确切地说，是下周五。由时间状语“at the end of the event, or rather, next Friday”可知，此处表示将要发生的动作，且announce与the list of final winners之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，故填will be announced。 ②The ________ from the organization ________ the results of the contest and made an ________ of the winner. 【答案】announcer, announced, announcement 【解析】句意：该组织的播音员宣布了比赛的结果，并宣布了获胜者。分析句子结构可知，第一空为名词作主语，announce的名词announcer意为“播音员”符合句意，且此处为特指某位播音员，使用可数名词单数；第二空为谓语动词，根据并列句的谓语动词made可知，此处使用一般过去时，且与句子主语announcer之间为主动关系，所以使用announced；第三空为名词作宾语，announce的名词为announcement意为“通告，公告”且空前有不定冠词an，所以此处使用名词单数形式。 完成句子 ③已经宣布新建的图书馆将于下周正式对公众开放。 _______________________ the newly-built library will be officially open to the public next week. 【答案】It’s been announced that ④本周早些时候，中国搜索引擎公司百度宣布了与吉利合作生产汽车的计划。 Earlier this week China’s search engine company Baidu _____________________ vehicles with Geely 【答案】announced a plan to produce ⑤公司已经宣布将对这次事故进行全面调查。 The company ___________ it will undertake a full investigation into the accident.  【答案】has announced that ⑥艾伦正打算向朋友们宣布她的决定。 Ellen is planning to ____________________. 【答案】announce her decision to her friends/announce to her friends her decision 9. replace 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①While many people turn to computer for movies and news, it doesn’t mean that the TV set _________ in the near future. 【答案】will be replaced 【解析】分析句子可知，空处作that引导的宾语从句的谓语，结合时间状语in the near future可知，时态应用一般将来时，replace“替代，取代”和主语the TV set之间是被动的关系，应用被动语态，因此空处应用will be done的形式，故填will be replaced。句意：虽然许多人转向电脑看电影和新闻，但这并不意味着电视机将在不久的将来被取代。 ②We admit that our assistant is not so easily _________. So it is difficult for us to find a person to _________ her. =We admit that our assistant is so easily _________. So it is difficult for us to find a _________ for her. 【答案】replaceable, replace, irreplaceable, replacement 【解析】两句的第一空，应该是互为反义词，且用形容词。第一句第二空应该填动词；第二句第二空应该填名词，故答案为replaceable, replace, irreplaceable, replacement。句意：我们承认我们的助手不是那么容易被取代的。所以我们很难找到一个取代我们助手的人。 完成句子 ③据报道他们要用暴力取代对话。 It is reported that they are ____________________________. 【答案】substituting/replacing violence for dialogue ④我们的班长将代替我们的班主任参加会议。 Our monitor will ______________________________________ . 【答案】take the place of our head teacher to attend the meeting attend the meeting in place of our head teacher take our head teacher’s place to attend the meeting ⑤我小时候住的房子已经拆掉了，取而代之的是一栋办公楼。 The house which I grew up in has been taken down and _______________________. 【答案】replaced with/by an office building 10. hesitate 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①When you are _________ about performing a task, don’t _________ to ask your adviser for advice, and he will help you without _________. 【答案】hesitant, hesitate, hesitation 【解析】第一空作表语，应用形容词hesitant；第二空为否定祈使句，应用动词原形hesitate；第三空作介词的宾语，应用名词hesitation，不可数。句意：当你对执行一项任务犹豫不决时，不要犹豫，向你的导师征求意见，他会毫不犹豫地帮助你。 ②It immediately occurred to her that her slightest _________ would give rise to unimaginable loss. 【答案】hesitation 【解析】形容词slightest修饰名词，故填hesitation。句意：她立刻意识到，哪怕自己稍微的迟疑就会引起难以想象的损失。 完成句子 ③每当朋友遇到困难时，他都会毫不犹豫地给予帮助，不要求回报。 Whenever his friends have some troubles, he ________________and require no rewards. 【答案】would give them help without(any)hesitation(with no hesitation) would never hesitate to give them help ④她犹豫了一下，带着迟疑的微笑把手伸了出去。 __________________ and an uncertain smile, she held out her hand.  【答案】With some hesitation ⑤我会毫不犹豫地与他合作。毕竟，他总是可靠的。 I _____________________________ him. After all, he is always reliable. 【答案】will have no hesitation in teaming up with/cooperating with won’t hesitate to team up with/cooperate with 11. admit 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①_________ to Peking university makes Amy’s family excited. 【答案】Being admitted/Having been admitted 【解析】设空处在句中为非谓语作句子的主语，和其逻辑主语 Amy之间为被动关系，所以要用动词-ing 形式的被动式作主语；这里也可以理解为“已经被录取”,故空处也可用动词-ing式的完成时的被动式作主语Being admitted/Having been admitted。句意：被北京大学录取让艾米的家人很兴奋。 ②His _________ to that famous university surprised us all for he was absent from school for a whole year. 【答案】admission/being admitted 【解析】此处作主语，可以使用名词admission或动名词，且admit与he的逻辑动宾关系，应用动名词的被动语态，故填admission或being admitted。句意：他被那所著名的大学录取让我们都很惊讶，因为他缺课整整一年。 完成句子 ③他给她寄了一封祝贺信，祝贺她被那所著名的艺术学校录取。 He sent her a letter of congratulation for her ________________________. 【答案】being admitted to the famous art school (having gained)admission to ④迪士尼世界的游客可以在其生日当天免费入园。 Visitors to Disney World can  ________ the parks on their birthdays.  【答案】get free admission to/be admitted for free to ⑤她于9月因发烧、咳痰和虚弱被收治入院。 She ________________ in September, because of fever, productive cough, and weakness. 【答案】was admitted to hospital ⑥汤姆承认在考试中作弊，因此他最终没有被这所学校录取。 Tom __________ in the examination and he ______________ the school at last. 【答案】admitted cheating/having cheated, was not admitted to/into ⑦上个月她被接纳为工会会员。 Last moth, she ________ a member of the trade union. 【答案】was admitted as ⑧普遍认为熬夜熬太晚不利于身体健康。 ________________________ staying up late is no good for health. 【答案】It is generally admitted that ⑨他最终允许男孩进入了体育场。 He _______________________ the stadium at last. 【答案】admitted the boy into/allowed the boy enter ⑩我们必须承认一个事实，除非努力学习，否则你不会被你理想的大学录取。 We ____________________ you will not __________________ your ideal university unless you study hard. 【答案】must admit the fact that, gain admission to/be admitted to　 12. inspire 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①He was an ________ teacher. His confident leadership ________ his students, which gave me a good ________. 【答案】inspiring, inspired, inspiration 【详解】第一个空表示“令人鼓舞的”用inspiring作定语修饰名词，表示该老师具有这个特征。第二个空处缺少谓语，所以填动词inspire，又因为陈述过去的事实，所以为一般过去时。第三个空填名词inspiration作宾语。句意：他是一位鼓舞人心的老师。他自信的领导激励了他的学生，这给了我很好的激励。 ②He made an _________ speech at the meeting and the _________ audience stood up and gave him a long and warm applause. 【答案】inspiring, inspired 【解析】inspiring令人鼓舞的，用于表示事物所具有的特征；inspired受/感到鼓舞，表示心理感受。句意：他在会议上作了一场鼓舞人心的演讲，受到鼓舞的观众站起来给他了长时间的热烈掌声。 ③All of the students was _________ by the _________ speech given by the headmaster. 【答案】inspired, inspiring 【解析】第一空为谓语动词的被动语态，第二空inspiring令人鼓舞的，用于表示事物所具有的特征。句意：所有的学生都被校长鼓舞人心的演讲所鼓舞。 完成句子 ④演员们希望通过访问学校来鼓励孩子们演出自己的作品。 By visiting schools, the actors hope to _______________________ their own productions. 【答案】inspire children to put on/perform ⑤他的一番鼓励激起了我的信心。 His encouragement remarks _________________________. 【答案】inspired me with confidence/inspired confidence in me 13. satisfaction ①To my _________ , they were _________ with what we had done to _________ the local people’s needs in the past few weeks. It was really something _________. 【答案】satisfaction, satisfied, satisfy, satisfying(satisfactory) 【解析】第一空作介词To的宾语，空前有my，应用名词satisfaction，意为“满意”，固定短语to one’s satisfaction意为“令某人满意的是”；第二空作表语，描述主语they的心理感受，应用形容词satisfied，意为“感到满意的”，固定短语be satisfied with意为“对……感到满意”；第三空和空前的to构成不定式，作目的状语，应用satisfy“满足”的原形；第四空作something的后置定语，描述其性质，应用形容词satisfying或satisfactory，意为“令人满意的”。句意：令我满意的是，他们对我们在过去几周里为满足当地人民的需求所做的工作感到满意。这真的很令人满意。 ②The manager was _________ to see the task finished on time. 【答案】satisfied 【解析】satisfied满足的；(感到)满意的。句意：看到这项任务被按时完成，经理很满意。 完成句子 ③由于还有许多工作要做，经理发现他们的项目工作远远不能令人满意。 With much work that remains to be completed, the manager found their project __________________. 【答案】far from satisfactory ④令工作人员满意的是，有许多人对他们的产品很满意。 _______________________, there are many people _______________________. 【答案】To the satisfaction of the workers, who are so satisfied with their products. ⑤她停下笔来，满意地读了自己已写好的东西。 She stopped writing to read _______________________.  【答案】what she had written with satisfaction 14. exist 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Mount Wutai is also home to some of the oldest _________ wooden buildings in China that have survived since the era of the Tang Dynasty(618- 907). 【答案】existent 【解析】修饰名词wooden buildings要用形容词existent。句意：五台山也是中国现存最古老的木制建筑的所在地，这些建筑自唐代(618-907)以来一直保存至今。 ②The new design will eventually replace all ________ models.  【答案】existing 【解析】修饰名词models要用形容词existing(强调目前状态)。句意：新的设计最终将会取代所有现有的型号。 ③Wherever we go today, we can find rubbish carelessly disposed. Pollution is, in fact, threatening our _________. 【答案】existence 【解析】形容词性物主代词our后面要用名词existence。句意：今天无论我们走到哪里，都能发现垃圾被随意丢弃。事实上，污染正威胁着我们的生存。 完成句子 ④山上有一个奇怪的洞穴，但没有人知道它是什么时候形成的。 ______________________ on the hill, but no one knows when it ________________. 【答案】There exists a strange cave, came into existence ⑤有一个很好的方法来解决目前存在的问题。 ___________________________________ at present. 【答案】There exists a good way to solve the existing problem ⑥事实上，在现实生活中也存在有特殊能力的人。 People with amazing abilities actually do _______________.  【答案】exist in real life ⑦他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。 They can’t _______________ the money he’s earning. 【答案】exist on/live on ⑧满足于现状，你就不会为了追求目标而奋斗一辈子。 _____________________________, you will not work or fight all your life to seek your target. 【答案】Satisfied with the existing state of affairs ⑨正如我们所知，种族偏见在一些国家仍然存在，没有人确切地知道它什么时候会被消灭。 As is known to us, racial prejudice ___________________ in some countries and no one knows for sure when it will be wiped out. 【答案】racial prejudice is still in existence racial prejudice still exists there still exists racial prejudice 五、句型仿写 1.现已证实，当父母在孩子的教育中发挥积极作用时，孩子会受益匪浅。 _______________________________________ when parents take an active role in their education. 【答案】It has been proven that children will benefit a lot 2.人们希望他们这次能通过笔试。 ___________________________________ the written examination this time. 【答案】It is hoped that they can pass 3.人们相信，如果你从不停止尝试并表现出巨大的毅力，没有什么能阻挡你走向成功。 _______________________ your way to success if you never stop trying and show great perseverance. 【答案】It is believed that nothing can stand in 4.有人认为他的妈妈整个早上一直在写一份关于新治疗方法的报告。 __________________________________________ a report on the new treatment all morning. 【答案】His mother is thought to have been writing/It is thought that his mother has been writing 5.试图说服他是没有意义的。他永远不会改变主意。 ____________________________________________. He will never change his mind. 【答案】There is no point in/no sense in /It is no use trying to persuade him 6.你可以做笔记，但没有必要把所有的东西都写在屏幕上。 You can take notes, but _________________________ everything on the screen. 【答案】there is no need to write down 7.毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越暖，并且是人类活动导致了全球变暖。 ______________________________________ and that it is human activity that has caused the global warming. 【答案】There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and warmer 8.根据我们的高中生活写一个故事是多么有趣啊! _______________________________________ our high school life! 【答案】How fun/interesting it is to write a story based on 9.我多想念在老家度过的日子！ _________________________which I spent in the hometown. 【答案】How much I miss the days 10.在一个温暖晴朗的日子里野餐是多么愉快的时光啊! ______________________________ on a warm sunny day! 【答案】What a pleasant time/How pleasant a time it is to have a picnic 11.对我们来说，学好一门外语是很重要的。 ____________________________ a foreign language well. 【答案】How important it is for us to learn 12.由于专注于学习，他在学习上取得巨大成就就不足为奇了。 With all his attention focused on his study, _______________________________. 【答案】it is no wonder that he has made great achievements 13.他今天早晨来公司这么早，真想不到。 _________________ he came to the company so early this morning. 【答案】It is a wonder that 14.众所周知，这本书已被翻译成十种语言。 ________________________________ ten languages. 【答案】The book is well-known to have been translated into/It is well-known that the book has been translated into 15.据说那位老人在战争期间遭受了种种苦难。 ___________________________________ varieties of sufferings during the war. 【答案】The old man is said to have gone through/It is said that the old man went through 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$