内容正文:
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
第一讲(1a-2d)
► 过去进行时
> 什么是过去进行时
过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作
> 过去进行时的句型
> 过去进行时的时间状语有哪些特点
过去进行时一般跟较为具体明确的时间状语,比如 then,at that time,at + 时间点等.
> 过去进行时的特殊用法
> 过去进行时与一般过去时区分
一般过去时表示在过去发生的动作或存在的状态。一般过去时态的时间状语通常较为宽泛,如
yesterday, last week, the day before yesterday
例:I met her in the street the day before yesterday.
昨天我在街上遇见了她。
> 难点
主从句时态的联合判断
I was taking a walk when I met him.
我正在散散步时遇到了他。
► when 和 while 引导的时间状语从句
> 相同点
意思是“当……时候”,都是引导时间状语从句
> 不同点
► at the time of 在…时候
> at that time 在那个时候
> 该短语与when/while引导的时间状语从句同意,不可同时使用
When at the time of the rainstorm, I was staying at home. (×)
When the rainstorm came, I was staying at home. (√)
At the time of the rainstorm, I was staying at the home. (√)
► so far
> “到目前为止”
常与现在完成时连用
We haven’t found anything so far.
到目前为止我们什么都没有发现。
可与最高级连用
This is the most serious accident so far this year.
这是今年到目前位置最严重的一场车祸。
> “到这种程度”
I can only help you so far.
我只能帮你到这了。
> 有时so far并不是一个短语,而是程度副词,修饰far
We walked so far.
我们走了这么远。
► against
> “反对”“对着”“违反”“不利于”等
We are all against his opinion. 我们都反对他的想法。
There were 16 votes for him and 10 against him. 有16票赞成他,10票反对他。
> “靠着”“顶着”“迎着”等
He stood with his back against the door. 他背靠门站着。
It is difficult to see anything against this bright light. 对着这种强光很难看到任何东西。
► be caught被困住;被抓住;被逮捕
be caught under the rock 被压在岩石下
► go off 闹铃/警报器突然响起
► wake - woke - woken 醒;唤醒;唤起(记忆)
sb wake up 某人醒来
wake sb up 叫醒某人
wake up the memories of 唤起了……的记忆
► miss
> 想念,怀念
I miss the fresh air in the countryside.
我怀念乡村的新鲜空气。
> 错过,未赶上
I missed the school bus because I got up late.
因为我起床迟到了,所以我错过了校车。
> missing 丢失的,缺少的
My watch is missing.
我的手表不见了。
I miss my missing watch.
我想念我丢失的手表。
► all of a sudden 突然;意想不到地
Suddenly [adv]突然地
► begin - began - begun
> begin sth
It’s time to begin work.
到工作时间了。
> sth begin
The meeting will begin at eight o’clock.
会议将要在八点钟开始。
> begin to do sth
She began to work in the company at the age of 22.她22岁就开始在这家公司工作了。
► be busy doing sth 忙于
=be busy with sth
► pick up 捡起;拿起;提起
pick up the phone 拿起电话,接电话
表示过去将来:
I was leaving for Changsha that day.
那天我要去去长沙。
表示委婉语气:
I was wondering if you could help me.
我想知道你能不能帮我。
描述背景:
It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily.
那是一个漆黑的夜晚。风刮得很大,雨下得很大。
表示赞美/厌恶:
Jack was always coming to school late.
杰克上学总是迟到得很晚。
when:
动作既可和主句同时发生,也可在前或后;when后的动作既可瞬间,也可延续性
When he finished his homework, he took a short rest.他完成家庭作业后,就休息了一会儿。
I was out when you called me.你给我打电话的时候我不在。
A stranger came in, when we were dancing.当我们在跳舞的时候,一个陌生人进来了。
while:
动作必须与主句同时发生;动作必须是延续性;while有前后对比之意
A stranger came in, while we were dancing.当我们在跳舞的时候,一个陌生人进来了。
I was doing my homework, while my brother was watching TV.我在做家庭作业,而我哥哥却在看电视。
as:
动作必须与主句同时发生;动作必须是延续性
“当……时候” A stranger came in, as we were dancing.我们在跳舞时,一个陌生人走了进来。
“随着……” As time goes by, the weather gets worse and worse.随着时间的流逝,天气变得越来越糟糕。
“一边……,一边……” She cried as she walked alone in the dark.她边独自走在黑夜里,边哭泣。
句型
肯定句:主语 + was/were + 现在分词...
否定句:主语 + was/were + not + 现在分词...
疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + 现在分词...?
疑问代词/疑问副词 + was/were + 主语 + 现在分词...?
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