04.阅读理解之夹叙夹议-备战2025年高考英语之暑假名校模拟试题精练精析

备战2025年高考之暑假名校模拟试题精练精析 备战2025年高考之暑假名校模拟试题精练精析 阅读理解 （夹叙夹议） 1 （2024·安徽黄山·二模）Now my dad is one of those people who never seem to have much trouble figuring out how to make money. Sure, Mom and Dad had some trouble keeping it for a little while during the bankruptcy (破产) years, but bringing home a good income was never really a problem. That’s because my parents have never been confused about where money comes from. It’s something my dad has told me pretty much every day: Money comes from work. Our culture has made many wonderful advances to ensure the safety and well-being of children. But we may have taken this too far. Many parents today are so centered on what their children want that they have lost perspective on what their children really need. Perspective — looking at life over time — demands that you teach children to work. Teaching a child to work is not child abuse. We teach them to work not for our benefit, but because it gives them both dignity in a job well done today and the tools and character to win in the future as adults. You should view teaching your children to work in the same way you view teaching them to bathe and brush their teeth — as a necessary skill for life. If your child graduates from high school and his only skill set consists of playing video games, complaining and eating junk food, then you have set him up to fail. Another huge benefit of teaching a child the wonder of work is that she will tend to stay away from people who refuse to work. Why is this good? Because you want your daughter to marry Mr. Right, not Mr. Lazy. So train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old, he will not go away from it. 1. Which of the following can best describe the author’s dad? A. Generous. B. Hardworking. C. Considerate. D. Confident. 2. According to paragraph 2, what are parents today supposed to do? A. To instruct children to work. B. To focus on children’s needs. C. To ensure children’s well-being. D. To maintain the dignity of children. 3. What’s the benefit children can get from work? A. Getting rid of bad habits. B. Helping support the family. C. Learning to use money wisely. D. Keeping away from lazy people. 4. Which column does the text possibly come from? A. Career planning. B. Parental education. C. Financial management. D. Parent-child relationship. 2 （2024·河南·三模）All three of my children were subject-matter experts before they even left primary school. My eldest son memorized every statistic on every football trading card he got his hands on. His brother knew hundreds of car makes and models by heart. And I’m sure that my daughter — a huge One Direction fan — remembered more facts about the band than they did! The experience of becoming an expert can bring long-term benefits for learning — and it’s never too late. “Having a specialist subject helps you learn anything,” says our memory expert, Jonathan Hancock, “There are good reasons for all of us to do a spot of specialist learning.” It schools our observation: a vital first step to remembering. Children are particularly good at seeing slight differences — like my younger son and his cars — then using them to organize information and inspire recall. But focused learning like this can push anyone to start noticing key details — ready to remember them. It gives us a mental framework (框架), to which we can attach unrelated ideas. Even when his trading-card period was over, my son often linked new numbers with stored-away sports statistics. Your own area of interest might help you by suggesting soundalike words for people’s names, or letting you “map” travel directions. It gets us learning in a variety of ways, often with the help of all our senses. My daughter’s pop knowledge was a rich mix of music, dances and colourful costumes, with precise facts. Burying yourself in a subject boosts your brain to work at its best. It restores our confidence to remember. We get to see what a difference it makes to be interested in something, to build up information in layers (层次), and to keep refreshing, testing and showing off what we know. It can give all our learning a boost. Why not pick a topic that interests you, find some books, take a course, join a club... and enjoy becoming at least an entry-level expert? Even a short spell of specialist study can reawaken learning skills that used to feel like child’s play. 5. What do the author’s children have in common? A. Having a variety of hobbies. B. Dreaming of being a top-class expert. C. Learning school subjects well. D. Showing exceptional talent in their areas. 6. Which probably belongs to a mental framework? A. Recognizing a pair of twins. B. Lecturing at an opening ceremony. C. Learning English by watching a film. D. Planning a tour route in a strange city. 7. What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To advocate. B. To confirm. C. To evaluate. D. To explain. 8. What can be the most suitable title for the text? A. Raise Children’s Memory B. Remember Like an Expert C. Reform Learning Methods D. Reawaken Learning Skills 3 （2024·湖北襄阳·三模）I used to be anorexic (厌食的). I was skeletal, each of my rib bones jutted out, like ridges on my body; my head, which looked abnormally huge, was barely supported by my backbone. It would take an hour for me to eat a spoon of food. Should I attempt to eat to please my parents on teachers, I would lock myself in the toilet and throw up the food. I looked pale and weak all the time because of the lack of food. My family members were distressed. They cried a lot. It all started when a boy in my class called me “fat” I was devastated. I adopted an extremely strict diet and exercise routine. I lost 10kg within three months and continued to lose more weight. I was absolutely obsessed about losing even more weight. One day, my heart rate dropped and I was breathless. I almost lost my life. That was when I decided to turn my life around. Looking good is extremely important to a teenager. We want to look a certain way so we can be popular and accepted. We are attracted by well-toned and sculpted bodies. Now, with social media, we have access to a pool of photographs of people, whose bodies and appearances we admire. Those images make us envious. We long to be like them. We're in danger when we start to hate the way we look and take drastic measures to attain the body we dream of having. These measures can lead to eating disorders, unrealistic and unhealthy exercise habits, low self-esteem and depression. Besides affecting the physical health, teenagers who are body conscious can also suffer from mental instability. They may plunge into despair, guilt and hopelessness if they are unable to keep up with their rigid exercise routines or eating habits. They can be emotionally fragile too. They become sensitive to comments made by others. They are ashamed of the way they look. If you are currently experiencing these feelings, seek help before itis too late. It is important to feel confident and positive about your image and not subscribe to man-made standards of beauty, which will change with time. You are unique. 9. What can we infer about the author from the first two paragraphs? A. He developed a deadly disease. B. He was on an exceptionally strict diet. C. He was upset because of not achieving the goal. D. He was in bad condition due to food shortage. 10. Why did the author decide to turn his life around? A. To look good. B. To stay healthy. C. To satisfy his parents. D. To disappoint the boy. 11. What does the underlined word “drastic” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Extreme. B. Immediate. C. Temporary. D. Preventive. 12. What is the best title of this passage? A. Be unique. B. Seek beauty. C. Build your body. D. Accept your body. 4 （2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）“What do you mean by this phrase? It’s incorrect and adds nothing to the sentence. Omit (省略).” Professor Jones’s critical feedback on my paper hurt me when I first read it. I scanned his comments for a “Good job!” or “I love this idea,” but they were nowhere to be found. Everyone likes warmth and encouragement, but purely positive affirmations (肯定) don’t communicate what can be improved. Research conducted on Character Lab Research Network finds that direct, useful feedback requiring students to revise their own work is more effective. For Professor Jones, this looked like a note at the end of another paper: “I’m sure things will improve as the term and year wear on.” However, feedback that does the work for a student—correcting a misspelled word, rewriting a sentence—can signal a teacher’s low expectations. When kids see comments that suggest what needs to be changed, they come to realize they can do things on their own and become more independent learners. As a bonus, this kind of feedback lets students know that their teacher believes in them. As for me, I was benedictory for Professor Jones’s pointed criticism which let me know that he took me seriously. He was expecting me to do better, and the detailed comments scrawled (潦草地写) on every page gave me the tools to improve. Teachers can add affirmations to their feedback as long as it’s not the only thing they’re doing. Don’t confuse warmth with promoting a growth mindset. Being nice isn’t the same as showing someone you believe they can improve. So give detailed feedback that sets young people up to take charge of their own learning. For example, instead of rewriting a sentence, say: “This is a run-on sentence. Try reading it out loud and add punctuation in places where you naturally take a breath.” Ask worth-exploring questions that inspire students to think about their approach, then let them revise on their own. When it comes to writing, the easiest path isn’t always the best one. 13. How did the author initially feel about Professor Jones’s feedback? A. Happy and motivated. B. Upset and disappointed. C. Indifferent and unconcerned. D. Confident and encouraged. 14. What is the key aspect of effective feedback mentioned in the article? A. It should be brief and to the point. B. It should be warm and encouraging. C. It should be written at the end of the paper. D. It should be up to students to fix their own work. 15. What does the underlined word “benedictory” mean in paragraph 4? A. Responsible. B. Generous. C. Regretful. D. Grateful. 16. What should teachers do when checking student’s paper according to the text? A. Give students general praise. B. Rewrite sentences for students. C. Provide students critical support. D. Show students corrected assignments. 5 （2024·广东汕头·二模）When I was a child, the new year’s activity for my family is dumpling-making, but it’s been years since I’ve last experienced the uniquely carefree comfort and connection I felt during moments. My family has changed a lot, and gatherings like these simply don’t come together with the same ease as they once did. This year, I came home in the evening to a dark house with pieces missing. I noticed things that I wouldn’t have before, like how my family slept earlier and got up later and how my dog had more trouble jumping up on my bed. After all, it’s easier to become blind to its subtle changes when you occupy it virtually every day of the year, and much harder when you must be exposed to months of accumulated change all at once. Personally, the most precious childhood privilege is not the free extra snacks from flight attendants, but the privilege of thinking of the people and relationships around you with a sense of permanence. I mean this in the sense that it escaped my eight-year-old brain to think about how my parents were aging as I did or about the sacrifices they made for me until suddenly, I was an adult as they were. I turn 20 in a couple months, so I’ve been seized with a feeling of adulthood, which feels far stronger than the transition into legal adulthood at 18 ever felt. It seems as if the “teen” part of“19”keeps me attached to the same category as the one my newly 13-year-old self occupied, carrying with it a certain comfort in the social allowances made for the immaturity inherent (固有的) to youth. But marching into 20 is different. I’d so desperately wanted to move away and get a taste of independence upon starting college, but now I know that such freedom comes with loss and responsibility. Now I start to understand the governance of a circularity (循环) inherent to our lives and have a newfound appreciation for the things that remain the same. 17. What does the underlined word “subtle” in paragraph 2mean? A. Obvious. B. Sudden. C. Unusual. D. Unnoticeable. 18. Which of the following might the author agree with when he was eight? A. Everything would be the same. B. His parents were becoming old. C. Free extra snacks were common. D. His parents had done a lot to him. 19. In what way is 20 years old different according to the author? A. Physical maturity. B. The social expectation. C. The loss of freedom. D. The shift into legal adulthood. 20. What can be the best title of the passage? A. A newfound appreciation for life. B. The difference between teens and adults. C. My passing memories of childhood. D. My reflection on the switch into adulthood. 6 （2024·辽宁·二模）Many of us seem to have lives that follow a certain way. From kindergarten all the way to getting married, every stage of our lives seems to be preset (预置). And although this works well for a lot of people, according to British scholar Jay Shetty, there is no “right” schedule to live our lives by. A few months ago, a video of Shetty’s speech “Before You Feel Pressure” became popular on the Internet across the world. In the video, he sends an important message that we should think “outside of the way” and have the courage to follow our hearts. As Shetty says in the video, we don’t have to get stressed and put ourselves in the race with our peers (同龄人) or judge our lives based on others’. “Everything in life happens according to our time, our clocks,” he says. In his inspiring speech, Shetty points out that UK author J. K. Rowing got her famous “Harry Potter” series published at age 32, after being turned down by 12 publishers. Shetty also mentions that Chinese businessman Jack Ma didn’t even start the Alibaba Group until he was 35 years old. So we shouldn’t let anyone rush us. As physicist Albert Einstein once said, “Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that is counted truly counts. The key to staying on our own tracks is to be patient and keep our own interest.” In Australian nurse Bronnie Ware’s best-selling book “The Top Five Regrets of the Dying”, she recorded the dying regrets of her patients, and the top one on the list was: “I wish I had the courage to live a life true to myself, not the one others expected of me.” Indeed, we are all unique in our personalities and gifts, and there is no perfect fit for all. We should listen to our inner voices and ignore what the world has taught us, and what we have picked up from people around us. “It is important to allow people to go back to being self-aware of their own interests, needs and concerns”, Shetty told the magazine. “It’s disconnecting from what makes sense to what actually moves you and what makes sense internally (内在的).” 21. What does Jay Shetty agree to? A. All people live their lives according to schedules. B. The stages of our lives should be preset. C. Few people have lives that follow a certain way. D. We can live our lives not according to the given way. 22. For what purpose does Shetty list three famous people? A. To show everyone can be a winner. B. To show great new life can begin anytime. C. To show hard work is the key to success. D. To show success does not happen in one’s youth. 23. What can we learn from Albert Einstein or Bronnie Ware? A. The top dying regret was not living the life people wanted. B. We should count and analyze everything in life. C. One should live a life as expected by others. D. Everything that is counted truly counts. 24. We can conclude from the last paragraph that ______. A. people should listen to others’ advice B. we should follow the heart and do what we want to do C. what makes sense should not be about what people care internally D. needs and concerns are not acceptable 7 （2024·江苏泰州·模拟预测）How long will it take you to read this article? On average, adults read about 240 words a minute, but I always take longer. I should probably feel embarrassed-but instead, I take joy in it. I got the habit of reading for pleasure from my mum. Reading is what I do first thing in the morning and last thing at night. But it’s always taken me a long time. When I started reviewing books, I was averaging 20 pages an hour. I have improved to about 30 pages, but that’s still slow, according to some literary critics. Book reviewers aren’t the only ones under pressure to read quickly. Pictures of “all the books I read this month” are all over social media. And reading has become a way of keeping up with the world. It is understandable that we try to make sense of events, but it can also fuel the idea that reading is a chore (苦差事), which it absolutely is not. Why would pleasure be equal to pace? My slow reading seems to be down to a combination of slower processing speeds, and “subvocalising” — sounding out words as I read them. But especially when it comes to the latter, I wouldn’t want to train myself to go faster. It was news to me that not everyone subvocalises, because one of my favourite things about reading is hearing the language in my mind. Without subvocalising, I wouldn’t have caught the music of those words. Recently, I finished a book of poetry. For two years, I read the poems each morning in the four minutes it took my coffee to be ready. It was a wonderful reminder that reading is never about quantity and always about the quality of time you spend with a text. So when you read, don’t stick a number on it ---- resolve to read for pleasure, not as a chore. 25. Why does the author like slow reading? A. It wins her fame online. B. It is a delightful practice. C. It comes from her mom. D. It helps her reach goals. 26. What do fast readers focus on? A. Quantity. B. Quality. C. Content. D. Sound. 27. What do the underlined words “the latter” in paragraph 4 refer to? A. Slower processing speeds. B. Learning language. C. Combining speeds and sounds. D. Reading words out. 28. What would the author agree with? A. Reading is a demanding task. B. Pace equals reading pleasure. C. Beauty of words needs tasting. D. Poetry takes no effort to digest. 8 （2024·河南·模拟预测）I was taught at a young age to be afraid rather than to experience life. Don’t ride a bike because you might get hit by a car. Don’t swim because you might drown. That’s why I was initially afraid to approach others. They might say no—how could I live with that rejection? A book changed me. Near the end of the book, the writer suggested trying out what I had just read but to pretend it was like the training game in a sport—when the games didn’t count. When my teams would lose formal games, I couldn’t bear to watch. But when they lost in the training game, I didn’t care. I don’t know why the suggestion to pretend my attempts didn’t count could resonate with me. But I knew this new way of thinking worked for me. It gave me power to know the results didn’t matter because this was the exhibition game when I was practicing what I had learned before the real games started. I discovered there were other ways to use this new tool. It allowed me to have a successful sales career, even though I heard the word “no” hundreds of times. It was part of the business, but I didn’t let it get me down. I turned a negative into a positive by reasoning that every time I heard the word “no”, it meant I was one step closer to “yes”. It’s amazing how powerful you feel when you remove the fear that stops you from going after what you want in life. I still work my sales job, and we have a lot of high-school and college students working at the company. I will pass on the advice that I learned many years ago and encourage them to use that idea for whatever they want to achieve. 29. Which word can describe the author when he was young? A. Stubborn. B. Out-going. C. Confident. D. Dissociable. 30. Which statement is in line with the opinion of the book writer? A. The training games are also important. B. Whatever the game is, it doesn’t count. C. Just have a try and downplay the results. D. Don’t worry about life’s gains and losses. 31. What does the underlined word “resonate” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Cope. B. Deal. C. Fight. D. Agree. 32. What does the author think of rejections in his work? A. Positive results. B. Steps to success. C. Excuses to escape. D. Unbeatable strikes. 9 （2024·江西南昌·模拟预测）New Yorker writer Kyle Chayka came of age alongside the internet. As a teen, he published his own blog and joined forum (论坛) for pop music. He discovered one of his favorite Jazz songs --- John Coltrane’s full version of “My Favorite Things” – driving around at night, listening to the local radio station. Chayka misses the time ---and the ways, then, that personal discoveries like these were made. In his new book, Filterworld: How Algorithms (算法) Shaped Culture, Chayka says he never would have fallen in love with Coltrane’s songs if he’d heard it on Spodify. He says he doubts Spodify’s algorithm would even suggest it, because the song is so long. And that, even if it did, he wouldn’t have learned anything about Coltrane as an artist, because the Spodify interface doesn’t provide the same context that a radio DJ does, sharing details between songs. The person behind the song choice, he argues, made his emerging interest in Coltrane possible in a way modern recommendation system cannot. This is one of many “back in my day” stories Chayka uses to illustrate his argument that algorithms have “shaped culture”. Thanks to recommendation generators like Tiktok’s top picks and Spodify’s autoplay suggestions, “the least troublesome and perhaps least meaningful pieces of culture are promoted,” Chayka argued. He admits that quality is subjective when judging these things, and instead argues that recommendation systems undermine personal taste. Taste, he writes, was once a combination of personal choices and popular influence --- but now algorithms rely more on choices of the masses. Developing taste requires effort and active engagement, but what we see now are algorithms turning taste into consumerism. A central point of the book, in fact, is that people today are not only well aware of the power of algorithms, they can’t escape them. He interviews a young woman who wonders if “what I like is what I actually like,” worried that her taste is so shaped by algorithms that she can’t trust herself. The book may be most useful in these sections, where Chayka and his interviewees attempt to make sense of how internet algorithms have shaped their own lives and work. 33. What causes Chayka to be interested in John Coltrane’s music? A. The details provided by algorithm. B. Listening to the local radio station. C. Recommendation of Spodify. D. The charm of John Coltrane. 34. What is the book Filterworld mainly about? A. How early internet shapes our culture. B. How technology impacts our personal taste. C. How social media changes our view of reality. D. How digital platform redefine mass consumption. 35. What does “undermine” in paragraph probably mean? A. underestimate. B. enhance. C. transform. D. disturb. 36. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. Show the highlights of the book. B. Comment on the structure of the book. C. Encourage the use of internet. D. Praise Chayka’s writing styles. 10 （2024·湖北黄冈·二模）Working in undergraduate admissions at Dartmouth College has introduced me to many talented young people through their college applications. The problem is that many remarkable students become indistinguishable from one another, at least on paper. It is incredibly difficult to choose whom to admit. The greatest surprise I’ve ever come across in my admissions career came from a student who went to a large public school in New England. He was clearly bright, as evidenced by his class rank and teachers’ praise. He had a supportive recommendation from his college headmaster and an impressive list of extracurriculars. Even with these qualifications, he might not have stood out. But one letter of recommendation caught my eye. It was from a school doorkeeper. This letter was different. The doorkeeper wrote that he felt it necessary to support this student because of his thoughtfulness. This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the cleaning staff. He turned off lights in empty rooms, consistently thanked the hallway monitor each morning and tidied up after his peers even if nobody was watching. This student, the doorkeeper wrote, had a refreshing respect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or influence. Over 15 years and 30,000 applications in my admissions career, I had never seen a recommendation from a school doorkeeper. It gave us a new lens into a student’s life in the moments when nothing “counted.” That student was admitted by a shared vote of the admissions committee. Next year there might be a flood of doorkeeper recommendations thanks to this essay. But if it means students will start paying as much attention to the people who clean their classrooms as they do to their principals and teachers, I’m happy to help start that trend. But the story shouldn’t stop there. 37. What mainly leads to the author’s difficulty in choosing whom to admit? A. The growing number of applicants. B. The limited recruiting guidance. C. The varied versions of applications. D. The overall excellence of applicants. 38. Why did the recommendation letter stand out? A. It provided a new angle into the candidate’s qualities. B. It spared the routine elements and worked wonders. C. It was written by a doorkeeper without telling the student. D. It catered to the author’s inner criteria for college applicants. 39. Which of the following best describes the student supported by the doorkeeper? A. Modest and admirable. B. Intelligent and adventurous. C. Kind and thoughtful. D. Open-minded and outgoing. 40. What does the author suggest undergraduates do with the case mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. Recommend it to friends. B. Explore further behind it. C. Use it as needed. D. Evaluate its effects. 11 （2024·安徽合肥·三模）At the beginning of graduate school, I knew that if I wanted to get tenure (长期聘用), I had to be productive. However, when my first three papers were rejected by major journals, a leading expert told me my projects were hopeless, and I wondered if I should drop out. We all get rejected at work, whether it’s having our suggestions shot down or getting fired from a job. It causes pain. Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) have scanned the brains of people who have cruelly been excluded from an online game. The physiological (生理学的) response looks fairly similar to processing physical pain. Apparently, this was adaptive in our evolutionary past. If rejection didn’t hurt, you might have been perfectly comfortable leaving your tribe, which would not be good for your survival. But it’s left us nervous and likely to overreact to everyday rejections. If you’ve ever given a presentation and felt upset by the one unfriendly face in a room full of smiles, you know what I mean. That’s the bad news. The good news is that we can learn to accept rejection calmly. “When you’re insecure in one, you rely on the other one that’s doing better at that time. Pliability (柔韧性) is the definition of strength,” said filmmaker M. Night Shyamalan. When my work got rejected early in my academic career, pliability became my source of strength. My identity as a researcher was under threat, but that wasn’t what had drawn me to graduate school in the first place. I had another, stronger identity: I wanted to be a teacher. However, I hadn’t had the chance: The first two years of my program were supposed to focus entirely on research. I realized that if I wanted to bounce back from the research rejections, I had to find a way to teach. I convinced an adviser to sign off on independent study projects for a group of students, and I started meeting with them weekly to teach my own little class. The conversations with the students gave rise to my first two major papers, which gave me a head start toward tenure. 41. What was the author’s reaction to the leading expert’s words? A. He took his advice. B. He felt discouraged. C. He paid no attention. D. He consulted another expert. 42. What have neuroscientists found out? A. Rejection really hurts. B. Rejection is important to survival. C. People tend to overreact to rejection. D. Physical pain grows because of rejection. 43. What does the author advise us to do when facing rejection? A. Find out the reasons behind it. B. Forgive those who reject us. C. Turn to our stronger identity. D. Learn a lesson from past failures. 44. What happened to the author at last? A. He left graduate school. B. He turned into a middle school teacher. C. He worked on practicing his physical pliability. D. He accomplished some research work successfully. 12 （2024·安徽阜阳·模拟预测）Like many eco-conscious films, I’ve seen Don’t Look Up many times, and shown it to my friends and family whenever anyone suggests a movie night. I rarely pass up the moment to educate my loved ones on any possible disaster or crisis in an entertaining or thought-inspiring way. It’s a refreshing break from the usual doom-mongering that conversations can often get into. The power of cinema in communicating the climate crisis plays a critical role in affecting public attitudes and behaviors in relation to environmental justice. Films appeal to our emotions in a way scientific presentation, academic papers or broadcast interview rarely can. Accordingly, films have an unusual way of engaging our emotions, which is a vital step in driving changes in people’s behavior. Films can make full use of this by presenting climate messages within fantastic narratives (叙述) that seasoned movie watchers will be familiar with. In the case of Don’t Look Up, it’s about meteor (流星) strikes. For The End We Start From, it’s extreme flooding. In First Reformed, climate activism is the predominant focus. Films and TV dramas can also bring the vastness of climate disaster down to earth by integrating everyday events. The TV series Years and Years, launches climate issues into public debate, helping viewers relate to the characters’ experiences. The End We Start From, set in an extreme flood in London, follows the everyday experience of having a newborn child. This creates a heart-felt emotional connect ion between the themes of the film and the viewers’ own experiences. The Day After Tomorrow, the first hit released in 2004, enhances public awareness and concern through its vivid imagery of environmental disaster. Films like this generate a strong empathetic (同理心的) connect ion that can help people change the way they behave far more than facts and data can. Of course, the growing type of climate change cinema is not always scientifically accurate. But if cinema is to be used more forcefully as a tool to raise the public awareness of climate crisis, then accuracy is not entirely necessary: it is the emotional connection and thrilling storytelling that are most crucial. 45. What does the underlined word “doom-mongering” probably mean? A. Misfortune. B. Imbalance. C. Disbelief. D. Irrelevance. 46. What can be inferred about climate disaster movies from Paragraph 2? A. They can change environmental efforts. B. They can uniquely create emotional link. C. They can help viewers out of their trouble. D. They can solve social issues academically. 47. How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed? A. By inferring results. B. By analyzing reasons. C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons. 48. What of the following might the author agree with? A. Disaster films are educational and entertaining. B. Scientific accuracy is a necessity for disaster films. C. The growing popularity of cinema is not desirable. D. Public awareness of entertainment needs raising. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$备战2025年高考之暑假名校模拟试题精练精析 备战2025年高考之暑假名校模拟试题精练精析 阅读理解 （夹叙夹议） 1 （2024·安徽黄山·二模）Now my dad is one of those people who never seem to have much trouble figuring out how to make money. Sure, Mom and Dad had some trouble keeping it for a little while during the bankruptcy (破产) years, but bringing home a good income was never really a problem. That’s because my parents have never been confused about where money comes from. It’s something my dad has told me pretty much every day: Money comes from work. Our culture has made many wonderful advances to ensure the safety and well-being of children. But we may have taken this too far. Many parents today are so centered on what their children want that they have lost perspective on what their children really need. Perspective — looking at life over time — demands that you teach children to work. Teaching a child to work is not child abuse. We teach them to work not for our benefit, but because it gives them both dignity in a job well done today and the tools and character to win in the future as adults. You should view teaching your children to work in the same way you view teaching them to bathe and brush their teeth — as a necessary skill for life. If your child graduates from high school and his only skill set consists of playing video games, complaining and eating junk food, then you have set him up to fail. Another huge benefit of teaching a child the wonder of work is that she will tend to stay away from people who refuse to work. Why is this good? Because you want your daughter to marry Mr. Right, not Mr. Lazy. So train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old, he will not go away from it. 1. Which of the following can best describe the author’s dad? A. Generous. B. Hardworking. C. Considerate. D. Confident. 2. According to paragraph 2, what are parents today supposed to do? A. To instruct children to work. B. To focus on children’s needs. C. To ensure children’s well-being. D. To maintain the dignity of children. 3. What’s the benefit children can get from work? A. Getting rid of bad habits. B. Helping support the family. C. Learning to use money wisely. D. Keeping away from lazy people. 4. Which column does the text possibly come from? A. Career planning. B. Parental education. C. Financial management. D. Parent-child relationship. 2 （2024·河南·三模）All three of my children were subject-matter experts before they even left primary school. My eldest son memorized every statistic on every football trading card he got his hands on. His brother knew hundreds of car makes and models by heart. And I’m sure that my daughter — a huge One Direction fan — remembered more facts about the band than they did! The experience of becoming an expert can bring long-term benefits for learning — and it’s never too late. “Having a specialist subject helps you learn anything,” says our memory expert, Jonathan Hancock, “There are good reasons for all of us to do a spot of specialist learning.” It schools our observation: a vital first step to remembering. Children are particularly good at seeing slight differences — like my younger son and his cars — then using them to organize information and inspire recall. But focused learning like this can push anyone to start noticing key details — ready to remember them. It gives us a mental framework (框架), to which we can attach unrelated ideas. Even when his trading-card period was over, my son often linked new numbers with stored-away sports statistics. Your own area of interest might help you by suggesting soundalike words for people’s names, or letting you “map” travel directions. It gets us learning in a variety of ways, often with the help of all our senses. My daughter’s pop knowledge was a rich mix of music, dances and colourful costumes, with precise facts. Burying yourself in a subject boosts your brain to work at its best. It restores our confidence to remember. We get to see what a difference it makes to be interested in something, to build up information in layers (层次), and to keep refreshing, testing and showing off what we know. It can give all our learning a boost. Why not pick a topic that interests you, find some books, take a course, join a club... and enjoy becoming at least an entry-level expert? Even a short spell of specialist study can reawaken learning skills that used to feel like child’s play. 5. What do the author’s children have in common? A. Having a variety of hobbies. B. Dreaming of being a top-class expert. C. Learning school subjects well. D. Showing exceptional talent in their areas. 6. Which probably belongs to a mental framework? A. Recognizing a pair of twins. B. Lecturing at an opening ceremony. C. Learning English by watching a film. D. Planning a tour route in a strange city. 7. What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To advocate. B. To confirm. C. To evaluate. D. To explain. 8. What can be the most suitable title for the text? A. Raise Children’s Memory B. Remember Like an Expert C. Reform Learning Methods D. Reawaken Learning Skills 3 （2024·湖北襄阳·三模）I used to be anorexic (厌食的). I was skeletal, each of my rib bones jutted out, like ridges on my body; my head, which looked abnormally huge, was barely supported by my backbone. It would take an hour for me to eat a spoon of food. Should I attempt to eat to please my parents on teachers, I would lock myself in the toilet and throw up the food. I looked pale and weak all the time because of the lack of food. My family members were distressed. They cried a lot. It all started when a boy in my class called me “fat” I was devastated. I adopted an extremely strict diet and exercise routine. I lost 10kg within three months and continued to lose more weight. I was absolutely obsessed about losing even more weight. One day, my heart rate dropped and I was breathless. I almost lost my life. That was when I decided to turn my life around. Looking good is extremely important to a teenager. We want to look a certain way so we can be popular and accepted. We are attracted by well-toned and sculpted bodies. Now, with social media, we have access to a pool of photographs of people, whose bodies and appearances we admire. Those images make us envious. We long to be like them. We're in danger when we start to hate the way we look and take drastic measures to attain the body we dream of having. These measures can lead to eating disorders, unrealistic and unhealthy exercise habits, low self-esteem and depression. Besides affecting the physical health, teenagers who are body conscious can also suffer from mental instability. They may plunge into despair, guilt and hopelessness if they are unable to keep up with their rigid exercise routines or eating habits. They can be emotionally fragile too. They become sensitive to comments made by others. They are ashamed of the way they look. If you are currently experiencing these feelings, seek help before itis too late. It is important to feel confident and positive about your image and not subscribe to man-made standards of beauty, which will change with time. You are unique. 9. What can we infer about the author from the first two paragraphs? A. He developed a deadly disease. B. He was on an exceptionally strict diet. C. He was upset because of not achieving the goal. D. He was in bad condition due to food shortage. 10. Why did the author decide to turn his life around? A. To look good. B. To stay healthy. C. To satisfy his parents. D. To disappoint the boy. 11. What does the underlined word “drastic” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Extreme. B. Immediate. C. Temporary. D. Preventive. 12. What is the best title of this passage? A. Be unique. B. Seek beauty. C. Build your body. D. Accept your body. 4 （2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）“What do you mean by this phrase? It’s incorrect and adds nothing to the sentence. Omit (省略).” Professor Jones’s critical feedback on my paper hurt me when I first read it. I scanned his comments for a “Good job!” or “I love this idea,” but they were nowhere to be found. Everyone likes warmth and encouragement, but purely positive affirmations (肯定) don’t communicate what can be improved. Research conducted on Character Lab Research Network finds that direct, useful feedback requiring students to revise their own work is more effective. For Professor Jones, this looked like a note at the end of another paper: “I’m sure things will improve as the term and year wear on.” However, feedback that does the work for a student—correcting a misspelled word, rewriting a sentence—can signal a teacher’s low expectations. When kids see comments that suggest what needs to be changed, they come to realize they can do things on their own and become more independent learners. As a bonus, this kind of feedback lets students know that their teacher believes in them. As for me, I was benedictory for Professor Jones’s pointed criticism which let me know that he took me seriously. He was expecting me to do better, and the detailed comments scrawled (潦草地写) on every page gave me the tools to improve. Teachers can add affirmations to their feedback as long as it’s not the only thing they’re doing. Don’t confuse warmth with promoting a growth mindset. Being nice isn’t the same as showing someone you believe they can improve. So give detailed feedback that sets young people up to take charge of their own learning. For example, instead of rewriting a sentence, say: “This is a run-on sentence. Try reading it out loud and add punctuation in places where you naturally take a breath.” Ask worth-exploring questions that inspire students to think about their approach, then let them revise on their own. When it comes to writing, the easiest path isn’t always the best one. 13. How did the author initially feel about Professor Jones’s feedback? A. Happy and motivated. B. Upset and disappointed. C. Indifferent and unconcerned. D. Confident and encouraged. 14. What is the key aspect of effective feedback mentioned in the article? A. It should be brief and to the point. B. It should be warm and encouraging. C. It should be written at the end of the paper. D. It should be up to students to fix their own work. 15. What does the underlined word “benedictory” mean in paragraph 4? A. Responsible. B. Generous. C. Regretful. D. Grateful. 16. What should teachers do when checking student’s paper according to the text? A. Give students general praise. B. Rewrite sentences for students. C. Provide students critical support. D. Show students corrected assignments. 5 （2024·广东汕头·二模）When I was a child, the new year’s activity for my family is dumpling-making, but it’s been years since I’ve last experienced the uniquely carefree comfort and connection I felt during moments. My family has changed a lot, and gatherings like these simply don’t come together with the same ease as they once did. This year, I came home in the evening to a dark house with pieces missing. I noticed things that I wouldn’t have before, like how my family slept earlier and got up later and how my dog had more trouble jumping up on my bed. After all, it’s easier to become blind to its subtle changes when you occupy it virtually every day of the year, and much harder when you must be exposed to months of accumulated change all at once. Personally, the most precious childhood privilege is not the free extra snacks from flight attendants, but the privilege of thinking of the people and relationships around you with a sense of permanence. I mean this in the sense that it escaped my eight-year-old brain to think about how my parents were aging as I did or about the sacrifices they made for me until suddenly, I was an adult as they were. I turn 20 in a couple months, so I’ve been seized with a feeling of adulthood, which feels far stronger than the transition into legal adulthood at 18 ever felt. It seems as if the “teen” part of“19”keeps me attached to the same category as the one my newly 13-year-old self occupied, carrying with it a certain comfort in the social allowances made for the immaturity inherent (固有的) to youth. But marching into 20 is different. I’d so desperately wanted to move away and get a taste of independence upon starting college, but now I know that such freedom comes with loss and responsibility. Now I start to understand the governance of a circularity (循环) inherent to our lives and have a newfound appreciation for the things that remain the same. 17. What does the underlined word “subtle” in paragraph 2mean? A. Obvious. B. Sudden. C. Unusual. D. Unnoticeable. 18. Which of the following might the author agree with when he was eight? A. Everything would be the same. B. His parents were becoming old. C. Free extra snacks were common. D. His parents had done a lot to him. 19. In what way is 20 years old different according to the author? A. Physical maturity. B. The social expectation. C. The loss of freedom. D. The shift into legal adulthood. 20. What can be the best title of the passage? A. A newfound appreciation for life. B. The difference between teens and adults. C. My passing memories of childhood. D. My reflection on the switch into adulthood. 6 （2024·辽宁·二模）Many of us seem to have lives that follow a certain way. From kindergarten all the way to getting married, every stage of our lives seems to be preset (预置). And although this works well for a lot of people, according to British scholar Jay Shetty, there is no “right” schedule to live our lives by. A few months ago, a video of Shetty’s speech “Before You Feel Pressure” became popular on the Internet across the world. In the video, he sends an important message that we should think “outside of the way” and have the courage to follow our hearts. As Shetty says in the video, we don’t have to get stressed and put ourselves in the race with our peers (同龄人) or judge our lives based on others’. “Everything in life happens according to our time, our clocks,” he says. In his inspiring speech, Shetty points out that UK author J. K. Rowing got her famous “Harry Potter” series published at age 32, after being turned down by 12 publishers. Shetty also mentions that Chinese businessman Jack Ma didn’t even start the Alibaba Group until he was 35 years old. So we shouldn’t let anyone rush us. As physicist Albert Einstein once said, “Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that is counted truly counts. The key to staying on our own tracks is to be patient and keep our own interest.” In Australian nurse Bronnie Ware’s best-selling book “The Top Five Regrets of the Dying”, she recorded the dying regrets of her patients, and the top one on the list was: “I wish I had the courage to live a life true to myself, not the one others expected of me.” Indeed, we are all unique in our personalities and gifts, and there is no perfect fit for all. We should listen to our inner voices and ignore what the world has taught us, and what we have picked up from people around us. “It is important to allow people to go back to being self-aware of their own interests, needs and concerns”, Shetty told the magazine. “It’s disconnecting from what makes sense to what actually moves you and what makes sense internally (内在的).” 21. What does Jay Shetty agree to? A. All people live their lives according to schedules. B. The stages of our lives should be preset. C. Few people have lives that follow a certain way. D. We can live our lives not according to the given way. 22. For what purpose does Shetty list three famous people? A. To show everyone can be a winner. B. To show great new life can begin anytime. C. To show hard work is the key to success. D. To show success does not happen in one’s youth. 23. What can we learn from Albert Einstein or Bronnie Ware? A. The top dying regret was not living the life people wanted. B. We should count and analyze everything in life. C. One should live a life as expected by others. D. Everything that is counted truly counts. 24. We can conclude from the last paragraph that ______. A. people should listen to others’ advice B. we should follow the heart and do what we want to do C. what makes sense should not be about what people care internally D. needs and concerns are not acceptable 7 （2024·江苏泰州·模拟预测）How long will it take you to read this article? On average, adults read about 240 words a minute, but I always take longer. I should probably feel embarrassed-but instead, I take joy in it. I got the habit of reading for pleasure from my mum. Reading is what I do first thing in the morning and last thing at night. But it’s always taken me a long time. When I started reviewing books, I was averaging 20 pages an hour. I have improved to about 30 pages, but that’s still slow, according to some literary critics. Book reviewers aren’t the only ones under pressure to read quickly. Pictures of “all the books I read this month” are all over social media. And reading has become a way of keeping up with the world. It is understandable that we try to make sense of events, but it can also fuel the idea that reading is a chore (苦差事), which it absolutely is not. Why would pleasure be equal to pace? My slow reading seems to be down to a combination of slower processing speeds, and “subvocalising” — sounding out words as I read them. But especially when it comes to the latter, I wouldn’t want to train myself to go faster. It was news to me that not everyone subvocalises, because one of my favourite things about reading is hearing the language in my mind. Without subvocalising, I wouldn’t have caught the music of those words. Recently, I finished a book of poetry. For two years, I read the poems each morning in the four minutes it took my coffee to be ready. It was a wonderful reminder that reading is never about quantity and always about the quality of time you spend with a text. So when you read, don’t stick a number on it ---- resolve to read for pleasure, not as a chore. 25. Why does the author like slow reading? A. It wins her fame online. B. It is a delightful practice. C. It comes from her mom. D. It helps her reach goals. 26. What do fast readers focus on? A. Quantity. B. Quality. C. Content. D. Sound. 27. What do the underlined words “the latter” in paragraph 4 refer to? A. Slower processing speeds. B. Learning language. C. Combining speeds and sounds. D. Reading words out. 28. What would the author agree with? A. Reading is a demanding task. B. Pace equals reading pleasure. C. Beauty of words needs tasting. D. Poetry takes no effort to digest. 8 （2024·河南·模拟预测）I was taught at a young age to be afraid rather than to experience life. Don’t ride a bike because you might get hit by a car. Don’t swim because you might drown. That’s why I was initially afraid to approach others. They might say no—how could I live with that rejection? A book changed me. Near the end of the book, the writer suggested trying out what I had just read but to pretend it was like the training game in a sport—when the games didn’t count. When my teams would lose formal games, I couldn’t bear to watch. But when they lost in the training game, I didn’t care. I don’t know why the suggestion to pretend my attempts didn’t count could resonate with me. But I knew this new way of thinking worked for me. It gave me power to know the results didn’t matter because this was the exhibition game when I was practicing what I had learned before the real games started. I discovered there were other ways to use this new tool. It allowed me to have a successful sales career, even though I heard the word “no” hundreds of times. It was part of the business, but I didn’t let it get me down. I turned a negative into a positive by reasoning that every time I heard the word “no”, it meant I was one step closer to “yes”. It’s amazing how powerful you feel when you remove the fear that stops you from going after what you want in life. I still work my sales job, and we have a lot of high-school and college students working at the company. I will pass on the advice that I learned many years ago and encourage them to use that idea for whatever they want to achieve. 29. Which word can describe the author when he was young? A. Stubborn. B. Out-going. C. Confident. D. Dissociable. 30. Which statement is in line with the opinion of the book writer? A. The training games are also important. B. Whatever the game is, it doesn’t count. C. Just have a try and downplay the results. D. Don’t worry about life’s gains and losses. 31. What does the underlined word “resonate” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Cope. B. Deal. C. Fight. D. Agree. 32. What does the author think of rejections in his work? A. Positive results. B. Steps to success. C. Excuses to escape. D. Unbeatable strikes. 9 （2024·江西南昌·模拟预测）New Yorker writer Kyle Chayka came of age alongside the internet. As a teen, he published his own blog and joined forum (论坛) for pop music. He discovered one of his favorite Jazz songs --- John Coltrane’s full version of “My Favorite Things” – driving around at night, listening to the local radio station. Chayka misses the time ---and the ways, then, that personal discoveries like these were made. In his new book, Filterworld: How Algorithms (算法) Shaped Culture, Chayka says he never would have fallen in love with Coltrane’s songs if he’d heard it on Spodify. He says he doubts Spodify’s algorithm would even suggest it, because the song is so long. And that, even if it did, he wouldn’t have learned anything about Coltrane as an artist, because the Spodify interface doesn’t provide the same context that a radio DJ does, sharing details between songs. The person behind the song choice, he argues, made his emerging interest in Coltrane possible in a way modern recommendation system cannot. This is one of many “back in my day” stories Chayka uses to illustrate his argument that algorithms have “shaped culture”. Thanks to recommendation generators like Tiktok’s top picks and Spodify’s autoplay suggestions, “the least troublesome and perhaps least meaningful pieces of culture are promoted,” Chayka argued. He admits that quality is subjective when judging these things, and instead argues that recommendation systems undermine personal taste. Taste, he writes, was once a combination of personal choices and popular influence --- but now algorithms rely more on choices of the masses. Developing taste requires effort and active engagement, but what we see now are algorithms turning taste into consumerism. A central point of the book, in fact, is that people today are not only well aware of the power of algorithms, they can’t escape them. He interviews a young woman who wonders if “what I like is what I actually like,” worried that her taste is so shaped by algorithms that she can’t trust herself. The book may be most useful in these sections, where Chayka and his interviewees attempt to make sense of how internet algorithms have shaped their own lives and work. 33. What causes Chayka to be interested in John Coltrane’s music? A. The details provided by algorithm. B. Listening to the local radio station. C. Recommendation of Spodify. D. The charm of John Coltrane. 34. What is the book Filterworld mainly about? A. How early internet shapes our culture. B. How technology impacts our personal taste. C. How social media changes our view of reality. D. How digital platform redefine mass consumption. 35. What does “undermine” in paragraph probably mean? A. underestimate. B. enhance. C. transform. D. disturb. 36. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. Show the highlights of the book. B. Comment on the structure of the book. C. Encourage the use of internet. D. Praise Chayka’s writing styles. 10 （2024·湖北黄冈·二模）Working in undergraduate admissions at Dartmouth College has introduced me to many talented young people through their college applications. The problem is that many remarkable students become indistinguishable from one another, at least on paper. It is incredibly difficult to choose whom to admit. The greatest surprise I’ve ever come across in my admissions career came from a student who went to a large public school in New England. He was clearly bright, as evidenced by his class rank and teachers’ praise. He had a supportive recommendation from his college headmaster and an impressive list of extracurriculars. Even with these qualifications, he might not have stood out. But one letter of recommendation caught my eye. It was from a school doorkeeper. This letter was different. The doorkeeper wrote that he felt it necessary to support this student because of his thoughtfulness. This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the cleaning staff. He turned off lights in empty rooms, consistently thanked the hallway monitor each morning and tidied up after his peers even if nobody was watching. This student, the doorkeeper wrote, had a refreshing respect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or influence. Over 15 years and 30,000 applications in my admissions career, I had never seen a recommendation from a school doorkeeper. It gave us a new lens into a student’s life in the moments when nothing “counted.” That student was admitted by a shared vote of the admissions committee. Next year there might be a flood of doorkeeper recommendations thanks to this essay. But if it means students will start paying as much attention to the people who clean their classrooms as they do to their principals and teachers, I’m happy to help start that trend. But the story shouldn’t stop there. 37. What mainly leads to the author’s difficulty in choosing whom to admit? A. The growing number of applicants. B. The limited recruiting guidance. C. The varied versions of applications. D. The overall excellence of applicants. 38. Why did the recommendation letter stand out? A. It provided a new angle into the candidate’s qualities. B. It spared the routine elements and worked wonders. C. It was written by a doorkeeper without telling the student. D. It catered to the author’s inner criteria for college applicants. 39. Which of the following best describes the student supported by the doorkeeper? A. Modest and admirable. B. Intelligent and adventurous. C. Kind and thoughtful. D. Open-minded and outgoing. 40. What does the author suggest undergraduates do with the case mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. Recommend it to friends. B. Explore further behind it. C. Use it as needed. D. Evaluate its effects. 11 （2024·安徽合肥·三模）At the beginning of graduate school, I knew that if I wanted to get tenure (长期聘用), I had to be productive. However, when my first three papers were rejected by major journals, a leading expert told me my projects were hopeless, and I wondered if I should drop out. We all get rejected at work, whether it’s having our suggestions shot down or getting fired from a job. It causes pain. Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) have scanned the brains of people who have cruelly been excluded from an online game. The physiological (生理学的) response looks fairly similar to processing physical pain. Apparently, this was adaptive in our evolutionary past. If rejection didn’t hurt, you might have been perfectly comfortable leaving your tribe, which would not be good for your survival. But it’s left us nervous and likely to overreact to everyday rejections. If you’ve ever given a presentation and felt upset by the one unfriendly face in a room full of smiles, you know what I mean. That’s the bad news. The good news is that we can learn to accept rejection calmly. “When you’re insecure in one, you rely on the other one that’s doing better at that time. Pliability (柔韧性) is the definition of strength,” said filmmaker M. Night Shyamalan. When my work got rejected early in my academic career, pliability became my source of strength. My identity as a researcher was under threat, but that wasn’t what had drawn me to graduate school in the first place. I had another, stronger identity: I wanted to be a teacher. However, I hadn’t had the chance: The first two years of my program were supposed to focus entirely on research. I realized that if I wanted to bounce back from the research rejections, I had to find a way to teach. I convinced an adviser to sign off on independent study projects for a group of students, and I started meeting with them weekly to teach my own little class. The conversations with the students gave rise to my first two major papers, which gave me a head start toward tenure. 41. What was the author’s reaction to the leading expert’s words? A. He took his advice. B. He felt discouraged. C. He paid no attention. D. He consulted another expert. 42. What have neuroscientists found out? A. Rejection really hurts. B. Rejection is important to survival. C. People tend to overreact to rejection. D. Physical pain grows because of rejection. 43. What does the author advise us to do when facing rejection? A. Find out the reasons behind it. B. Forgive those who reject us. C. Turn to our stronger identity. D. Learn a lesson from past failures. 44. What happened to the author at last? A. He left graduate school. B. He turned into a middle school teacher. C. He worked on practicing his physical pliability. D. He accomplished some research work successfully. 12 （2024·安徽阜阳·模拟预测）Like many eco-conscious films, I’ve seen Don’t Look Up many times, and shown it to my friends and family whenever anyone suggests a movie night. I rarely pass up the moment to educate my loved ones on any possible disaster or crisis in an entertaining or thought-inspiring way. It’s a refreshing break from the usual doom-mongering that conversations can often get into. The power of cinema in communicating the climate crisis plays a critical role in affecting public attitudes and behaviors in relation to environmental justice. Films appeal to our emotions in a way scientific presentation, academic papers or broadcast interview rarely can. Accordingly, films have an unusual way of engaging our emotions, which is a vital step in driving changes in people’s behavior. Films can make full use of this by presenting climate messages within fantastic narratives (叙述) that seasoned movie watchers will be familiar with. In the case of Don’t Look Up, it’s about meteor (流星) strikes. For The End We Start From, it’s extreme flooding. In First Reformed, climate activism is the predominant focus. Films and TV dramas can also bring the vastness of climate disaster down to earth by integrating everyday events. The TV series Years and Years, launches climate issues into public debate, helping viewers relate to the characters’ experiences. The End We Start From, set in an extreme flood in London, follows the everyday experience of having a newborn child. This creates a heart-felt emotional connect ion between the themes of the film and the viewers’ own experiences. The Day After Tomorrow, the first hit released in 2004, enhances public awareness and concern through its vivid imagery of environmental disaster. Films like this generate a strong empathetic (同理心的) connect ion that can help people change the way they behave far more than facts and data can. Of course, the growing type of climate change cinema is not always scientifically accurate. But if cinema is to be used more forcefully as a tool to raise the public awareness of climate crisis, then accuracy is not entirely necessary: it is the emotional connection and thrilling storytelling that are most crucial. 45. What does the underlined word “doom-mongering” probably mean? A. Misfortune. B. Imbalance. C. Disbelief. D. Irrelevance. 46. What can be inferred about climate disaster movies from Paragraph 2? A. They can change environmental efforts. B. They can uniquely create emotional link. C. They can help viewers out of their trouble. D. They can solve social issues academically. 47. How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed? A. By inferring results. B. By analyzing reasons. C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons. 48. What of the following might the author agree with? A. Disaster films are educational and entertaining. B. Scientific accuracy is a necessity for disaster films. C. The growing popularity of cinema is not desirable. D. Public awareness of entertainment needs raising. 参考答案 1 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文主要讲述的是作者的父亲对于工作的看法，以及作者对于教育孩子工作的重要性的观点。 1. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It’s something my dad has told me pretty much every day: Money comes from work.”（这是我父亲几乎每天都告诉我的事情：钱来自工作。）可推知，作者的父亲是一个勤奋工作的人，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Perspective — looking at life over time — demands that you teach children to work.”（从长远的角度看待生活，这要求你教会孩子工作。）和“ We teach them to work not for our benefit, but because it gives them both dignity in a job well done today and the tools and character to win in the future as adults.”（我们教他们工作不是为了我们的利益，而是因为这给了他们今天出色工作的尊严，也给了他们成年后在未来获胜的工具和品格。）可推知，现在的父母应该教孩子工作，故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Another huge benefit of teaching a child the wonder of work is that she will tend to stay away from people who refuse to work. Why is this good? Because you want your daughter to marry Mr. Right, not Mr. Lazy.”（教孩子工作的另一个巨大好处是，她会倾向于远离拒绝工作的人。为什么这很好？因为你想让你的女儿嫁给真命天子，而不是懒汉。）可推知，孩子从工作中可以得到的好处是远离懒惰的人，故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Many parents today are so centered on what their children want that they have lost perspective on what their children really need. Perspective — looking at life over time — demands that you teach children to work.”（如今，许多父母都过于关注孩子想要什么，而忽略了孩子真正需要什么。从长远的角度看待生活，这要求你教会孩子工作。）和最后一段“So train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old, he will not go away from it.”（所以要训练一个孩子走他应该走的路，当他老了，他不会离开这条路。）可知，短文主要讲述的是作者的父亲对于工作的看法，以及作者对于教育孩子工作的重要性的观点。所以短文来自于“父母的教育”。故选B。 2 5. D 6. D 7. A 8. D 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者三个孩子在小的时候就对某一领域有着深入的了解和专业知识。文章通过实例阐述了成为某个领域的专家对学习带来的长期益处，包括培养观察力，提供心理框架，多样化的学习方式以及增强自信心等。最后鼓励读者选择自己感兴趣的领域进行深入学习，即使是短期的专业学习也能激发出曾经像孩子玩耍的学习技能。 5. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“All three of my children were subject-matter experts before they even left primary school. My eldest son memorized every statistic on every football trading card he got his hands on. His brother knew hundreds of car makes and models by heart. And I’m sure that my daughter—a huge One Direction fan—remembered more facts about the band than they did! The experience of becoming an expert can bring long-term benefits for learning—and it’s never too late.”（我的三个孩子在小学毕业之前就已经是学科专家了。我的大儿子记住了他拿到的每一张足球交易卡上的每一个数据。他哥哥对数百种汽车的品牌和型号都熟记于心。我敢肯定，我的女儿——一个One Direction乐队的超级粉丝——记得更多关于乐队的事情！成为专家的经历可以为学习带来长期的好处，而且永远不会太晚。）可推知，作者的孩子都在各自的领域表现出非凡的天赋。故选D项。 6. 细节理解题。根据第三段“It gives us a mental framework (框架), to which we can attach unrelated ideas. Even when his trading-card period was over, my son often linked new numbers with stored-away sports statistics. Your own area of interest might help you by suggesting soundalike words for people’s names, or letting you “map” travel directions.”（它给了我们一个心理框架，我们可以把不相关的想法附加到这个框架上。即使他的交易卡期结束了，我儿子也经常把新号码和储存的体育数据联系起来。你自己感兴趣的领域可能会对你有所帮助，比如为人们的名字提供发音相似的单词，或者让你“绘制”旅行路线。）可知，在一个陌生的城市规划旅游路线可能属于一个心理框架。故选D项。 7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Why not pick a topic that interests you, find some books, take a course, join a club ... and enjoy becoming at least an entry-level expert? Even a short spell of specialist study can reawaken learning skills that used to feel like child’s play.”（为什么不选择一个你感兴趣的话题，找一些书，参加一个课程，加入一个俱乐部……享受成为至少一个入门级的专家？即使是短时间的专业学习也能重新唤醒过去感觉像孩子玩耍的学习技能。）可推知，最后一段的目的是表明作者提倡的做法。故选A项。 8. 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“Why not pick a topic that interests you, find some books, take a course, join a club ... and enjoy becoming at least an entry-level expert? Even a short spell of specialist study can reawaken learning skills that used to feel like child’s play.”（为什么不选择一个你感兴趣的话题，找一些书，参加一个课程，加入一个俱乐部……享受成为至少一个入门级的专家？即使是短时间的专业学习也能重新唤醒过去感觉像孩子玩耍的学习技能。）可知，文章主要讲述了鼓励读者选择自己感兴趣的领域进行深入学习，即使是短期的专业学习也能激发出曾经像孩子玩耍般的学习技能。因此本文的最佳标题是“重新唤醒学习技能”。故选D项。 3 9. B 10. B 11. A 12. D 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者以自己的亲身经历讲述了厌食症对身体的危害，告诫人们要接纳自己的身体，不要盲目听从他人。 9. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“It would take an hour for me to eat a spoon of food. Should I attempt to eat to please my parents on teachers, I would lock myself in the toilet and throw up the food. I looked pale and weak all the time because of the lack of food.(我吃一勺食物要花一个小时。如果我试图吃东西来取悦我的父母或老师，我会把自己锁在厕所里，把食物吐出来。由于缺乏食物，我总是脸色苍白，身体虚弱)”和第三段中“I adopted an extremely strict diet and exercise routine.(我采取了极其严格的饮食和锻炼习惯)”可知，作者在严格节食，故选B。 10. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“One day, my heart rate dropped and I was breathless. I almost lost my life. That was when I decided to turn my life around.(有一天，我的心率下降，我上气不接下气。我差点丢了命。从那时起，我决定改变我的生活)”可知，作者节食健康出现问题甚至丧命，所以才决心改变，故选B。 11. 词义猜测题。第三段中“I adopted an extremely strict diet and exercise routine. I lost 10kg within three months and continued to lose more weight. I was absolutely obsessed about losing even more weight. One day, my heart rate dropped and I was breathless. I almost lost my life.(我采取了极其严格的饮食和锻炼习惯。我在三个月内减掉了10公斤，而且还在继续减重。我完全痴迷于减掉更多的体重。有一天，我的心率下降，我上气不接下气。我差点丢了命)”谈到作者自己极端节食并造成巨大危害的例子，由此推知划线词所在句意为“当我们开始讨厌自己的外表，并采取激烈的措施来获得我们梦想拥有的身体时，我们就处于危险之中”，drastic意为“极端的”，故选A。 12. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段“It is important to feel confident and positive about your image and not subscribe to man-made standards of beauty, which will change with time. You are unique.(对自己的形象保持自信和积极是很重要的，不要遵从人造的美丽标准，这些标准会随着时间的推移而改变。你是独一无二的)”可知，作者根据自身节食的例子告诫人们要接受自己的身体，尤其是最后一段点出本文主旨，故选D。 4 13. B 14. D 15. D 16. C 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章强调了建设性的反馈对学生学习的重要性。作者通过自己论文被批评的经历，认识到直接且有用的反馈比单纯鼓励更有助于改进。研究显示，要求学生修改作业的直接反馈更有效，而过于温和的反馈可能暗示低期望。作者认为，教师应该提供建设性的反馈，激发学生的独立学习能力，帮助学生真正取得进步。 13. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Professor Jones’s critical feedback on my paper hurt me when I first read it. I scanned his comments for a “Good job!” or “I love this idea,” but they were nowhere to be found. (当我第一次读到Jones教授对我论文的批评时，我很伤心。我浏览了他的评论，寻找“干得好！”或“我喜欢这个主意”，但这些都找不到)”可知，此时作者因为读到批评很伤心，而且没有找到任何积极的评论。由此可知，作者一开始对Jones教授的反馈感到沮丧和失望。故选B项。 14. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Research conducted on Character Lab Research Network finds that direct, useful feedback requiring students to revise their own work is more effective. (在性格实验室研究网络上进行的研究发现，要求学生修改自己的作业的直接、有用的反馈更有效)”可知，文章中提到的有效反馈的关键方面是，应该由学生来修改自己的作业。故选D项。 15. 词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“Professor Jones’s pointed criticism which let me know that he took me seriously. He was expecting me to do better, and the detailed comments scrawled (潦草地写) on every page gave me the tools to improve. (Jones教授尖锐的批评让我知道他是认真对待我的。他希望我做得更好，而在每一页上潦草的详细评论给了我改进的手段)”可知，作者意识到Jones教授的批评实际上表明他在认真对待自己，切实地帮助自己进行改进。由此可知，作者对此应该充满感激，画线词意思应该是“感激的”，与Grateful意思一致。故选D项。 16. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Don’t confuse warmth with promoting a growth mindset. Being nice isn’t the same as showing someone you believe they can improve. So give detailed feedback that sets young people up to take charge of their own learning. (不要把温暖和促进成长的心态混为一谈。友善并不等于向别人展示你相信他们可以进步。所以要给他们详细的反馈，让他们能够自主学习。)”可知，老师在检查学生的作业时，应该培养学生成长的心态，通过给出详细的反馈，让他们自己去进行改进。由此可知，老师应该为学生提供关键支持。故选C项。 5 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. D 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者从小到大对于于周围人关系的思考。 17. 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“This year, I came home in the evening to a dark house with pieces missing. I noticed things that I wouldn’t have before, like how my family slept earlier and got up later and how my dog had more trouble jumping up on my bed.(今年，我晚上回到家，发现屋子里一片漆黑，有些东西不见了。我注意到一些我以前没有注意到的事情，比如我的家人睡得更早，起得更晚，我的狗在我的床上跳起来更困难)”以及后文“changes when you occupy it virtually every day of the year, and much harder when you must be exposed to months of accumulated change all at once”可知，作者突然注意到一些不同的事情，以前没有注意到是因为每天都住在这里，变化不明显，而当你必须同时面对几个月来积累的变化时，就更难了。故划线词意思是“不明显的”。故选D。 18. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Personally, the most precious childhood privilege is not the free extra snacks from flight attendants, but the privilege of thinking of the people and relationships around you with a sense of permanence. I mean this in the sense that it escaped my eight-year-old brain to think about how my parents were aging as I did or about the sacrifices they made for me until suddenly, I was an adult as they were.(就我个人而言，最珍贵的童年特权不是空乘人员提供的免费额外零食，而是以一种永恒的感觉来思考周围的人和关系的特权。我这么说的意思是，在我8岁的时候，我没有想到我的父母是如何像我一样变老的，或者他们为我做出的牺牲，直到突然之间，我和他们一样成为了成年人)”可知，作者8岁认为一切都会是一样的。故选A。 19. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It seems as if the “teen” part of“19”keeps me attached to the same category as the one my newly 13-year-old self occupied, carrying with it a certain comfort in the social allowances made for the immaturity inherent (固有的) to youth. But marching into 20 is different.(“19”的“青少年”部分似乎把我和刚满13岁的我归为一类，社会对年轻人固有的不成熟给予了宽容，这给我带来了某种安慰。但迈入20年就不同了)”可知，在作者看来，20岁的人社会期望不同。故选B。 20. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I’d so desperately wanted to move away and get a taste of independence upon starting college, but now I know that such freedom comes with loss and responsibility. Now I start to understand the governance of a circularity (循环) inherent to our lives and have a newfound appreciation for the things that remain the same.(刚上大学的时候，我非常想搬出去，体验一下独立的滋味，但现在我知道，这种自由伴随着损失和责任。现在我开始理解我们生活中固有的循环规律，并对保持不变的事物有了新的欣赏)”结合文章主要讲述了作者从小到大对于于周围人关系的思考。可知，D选项“我对转变为成年人的思考”最符合文章标题。故选D。 6 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. B 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了在人们的成长过程中，没有固定的模式，不要让别人打乱自己的人生的节奏，应该根据自己的内心去追求梦想。 21. 细节理解题。由文章第一段“Many of us seem to have lives that follow a certain way. From kindergarten all the way to getting married, every stage of our lives seems to be preset (预置). And although this works well for a lot of people, according to British scholar Jay Shetty, there is no “right” schedule to live our lives by. (我们中的许多人似乎都按照某种方式生活。从幼儿园一直到结婚，我们生活的每一个阶段似乎都是预先设定好的。根据英国学者Jay Shetty的说法，尽管这对很多人来说都很有效，但我们的生活并没有“正确”的时间表。)”及第二段中“In the video, he sends an important message that we should think “outside of the way” and have the courage to follow our hearts. As Shetty says in the video, we don’t have to get stressed and put ourselves in the race with our peers (同龄人) or judge our lives based on others’. “Everything in life happens according to our time, our clocks,” he says. (在视频中，他传达了一个重要的信息，即我们应该“跳出常规”思考，并有勇气追随自己的内心。正如谢蒂在视频中所说，我们没有必要感到压力，让自己与同龄人竞争，也没有必要根据别人的生活来评判自己的生活。他说：“生活中的每件事都是根据我们的时间和生物钟发生的。”)”可知，Jay Shetty认为我们不必按照既定的方式生活。故选D。 22. 推理判断题。由第三段中“In his inspiring speech, Shetty points out that UK author J. K. Rowing got her famous “Harry Potter” series published at age 32, after being turned down by 12 publishers. Shetty also mentions that Chinese businessman Jack Ma didn’t even start the Alibaba Group until he was 35 years old. So we shouldn’t let anyone rush us. (在他鼓舞人心的演讲中，Shetty指出，英国作家J. K. Rowing在被12家出版商拒绝后，在32岁时出版了她著名的《哈利波特》系列。Shetty还提到，中国商人马云直到35岁才创办阿里巴巴集团。所以我们不能让任何人催我们。)”可知，Shetty列举名人的例子是为了表明伟大的新生活可以在任何时刻开始，不必拘泥于年龄或社会预期的时间表。故选B。 23. 推理判断题。由第四段中“As physicist Albert Einstein once said, “Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that is counted truly counts. The key to staying on our own tracks is to be patient and keep our own interest.” In Australian nurse Bronnie Ware’s best-selling book “The Top Five Regrets of the Dying”, she recorded the dying regrets of her patients, and the top one on the list was: “I wish I had the courage to live a life true to myself, not the one others expected of me.” (正如物理学家Albert Einstein曾经说过的：“不是所有重要的东西都能被计算，也不是所有被计算的东西都真正有价值。”保持在自己的轨道上的关键是要有耐心，保持自己的兴趣。”在澳大利亚护士Bronnie Ware的畅销书《临终的五大遗憾》中，她记录了她的病人临终的遗憾，其中排名第一的是：“我希望我有勇气过真实的自己的生活，而不是别人对我的期望。”)”可以，推断出A选项最为接近，即人们最大的遗憾是没有活出自己想要的生活。故选A。 24. 推理判断题。由最后一段“Indeed, we are all unique in our personalities and gifts, and there is no perfect fit for all. We should listen to our inner voices and ignore what the world has taught us, and what we have picked up from people around us. “It is important to allow people to go back to being self-aware of their own interests, needs and concerns”, Shetty told the magazine. “It’s disconnecting from what makes sense to what actually moves you and what makes sense internally (内在的).” (的确，我们每个人的个性和天赋都是独一无二的，没有完美的适合所有人。我们应该倾听自己内心的声音，忽略世界教给我们的东西，以及我们从周围的人那里学到的东西。谢蒂在接受该杂志采访时表示：“让人们重新意识到自己的兴趣、需求和担忧是很重要的。”“它脱离了有意义的东西，脱离了真正能打动你的东西，脱离了内心的意义。”)”可知，我们应该跟随自己的心，做我们想做的事情。故选B。 7 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲的是阅读的速度与乐趣之间的关系，以及作者对于慢阅读的享受和坚持。作者提到自己虽然阅读速度较慢，但乐在其中，并且从妈妈那里养成了为乐趣而阅读的习惯。 25. 推理判断题。根据第一段“On average, adults read about 240 words a minute, but I always take longer. I should probably feel embarrassed-but instead, I take joy in it.(成年人平均每分钟阅读240个单词，但我总是花更多的时间。我可能会感到尴尬，但我却乐在其中)”可推知，作者喜欢慢读是因为这是一种令人愉快的做法。故选B。 26. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Pictures of “all the books I read this month” are all over social media.(社交媒体上到处都是“我这个月读过的所有书”的照片)”和倒数第二段“It was a wonderful reminder that reading is never about quantity and always about the quality of time you spend with a text.(这是一个很好的提醒，阅读不在于阅读的数量，而在于阅读时间的质量)”可推知，快速阅读者关注数量。故选A。 27. 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“My slow reading seems to be down to a combination of slower processing speeds, and “subvocalising” — sounding out words as I read them.(我的阅读速度慢似乎是由于处理速度较慢和“默读”——在阅读时读出单词)”和“But especially when it comes to the latter(但特别是当涉及到后者时)”可知，the latter指的是“在阅读时读出单词”，即Reading words out。故选D。 28. 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“It was news to me that not everyone subvocalises, because one of my favourite things about reading is hearing the language in my mind.  Without subvocalising, I wouldn’t have caught the music of those words.(对我来说，并不是每个人都能默读，因为我最喜欢阅读的一件事就是在脑海中听到语言。如果没有默念，我就听不出这些话的音乐)”可推知，作者可能会同意的是语言之美需要品尝。故选C。 8 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. B 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从小被教导要存敬畏之心，而不是大胆地去体验生活，造成了他的自我封闭。直到他读到一本书，建议他看淡结果，勇于尝试，使他从此走在成功之路上。 29. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“I was taught at a young age to be afraid rather than to experience life. Don’t ride a bike because you might get hit by a car. Don’t swim because you might drown. That’s why I was initially afraid to approach others.(我很小的时候就被教导要谨慎，而不是去体验生活。不要骑自行车，因为你可能会被汽车撞到。不要游泳，因为你可能会淹死。这就是为什么我一开始害怕接近别人。)”可知，作者小时候不善于交际。故选D项。 30. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Near the end of the book, the writer suggested trying out what I had just read but to pretend it was like the training game in a sport—when the games didn’t count. (在书的最后，作者建议尝试一下我刚刚读到的内容，但要假装它就像一项运动中的训练游戏——其实游戏并不算数。)”可知，书中作者建议读者大胆尝试，不要计较结果。故选C项。 31. 词句猜测题。划线词句前文后文“But I knew this new way of thinking worked for me.(但我知道这种新的思维方式对我有效。)”说明作者非常认同这种新思维方式，从而推知划线词句“I don’t know why the suggestion to pretend my attempts didn’t count could resonate with me.(我不知道为什么假装我的尝试不算数的建议会使我resonate。)”其中划线部分意思是“赞同，认同”。故选D项。 32. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“I turned a negative into a positive by reasoning that every time I heard the word ‘no’, it meant I was one step closer to ‘yes’. (我把消极转化为积极，因为每次听到‘不’这个词，就意味着我离“是”更近了一步。)”可知，作者认为别人的拒绝会让他距离成功更近一步。故选B项。 9 33. B 34. B 35. D 36. A 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。《过滤世界》一书探讨了算法如何塑造文化，作者凯尔·柴卡通过个人经历与调研案例指出，算法推荐虽便捷，却可能削弱个人品味，影响文化的多样性和深度，人们越来越意识到并反思算法对自身喜好与生活的全面渗透。 33. 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“He discovered one of his favorite Jazz songs --- John Coltrane’s full version of “My Favorite Things” – driving around at night, listening to the local radio station. (他发现了他最喜欢的爵士歌曲之一——John Coltrane的《My Favorite Things》的完整版——在晚上开车兜风时，听着当地的广播电台。)”可知，Chayka对John Coltrane的音乐产生兴趣是因为在夜晚开车时听当地广播电台时发现的。故选B。 34. 推理判断题。由文章第二段中“In his new book, Filterworld: How Algorithms (算法) Shaped Culture, Chayka says he never would have fallen in love with Coltrane’s songs if he’d heard it on Spodify. He says he doubts Spodify’s algorithm would even suggest it, because the song is so long. And that, even if it did, he wouldn’t have learned anything about Coltrane as an artist, because the Spodify interface doesn’t provide the same context that a radio DJ does, sharing details between songs. The person behind the song choice, he argues, made his emerging interest in Coltrane possible in a way modern recommendation system cannot. (在他的新书《Filterworld: How Algorithms (算法) Shaped Culture》中，Chayka说，如果他在spotify上听到Coltrane的歌，他永远不会爱上这些歌。他说，他怀疑spotify的算法甚至不会提出这样的建议，因为这首歌太长了。而且，即使它做到了，他也不会对Coltrane作为一名艺术家有任何了解，因为spotify的界面不像电台DJ那样提供相同的背景，不能在歌曲之间分享细节。他认为，歌曲选择背后的人让他对Coltrane产生了兴趣，这是现代推荐系统无法做到的。)”可知，Chayka在书中提到了他对Coltrane的爵士乐歌曲的个人发现，并强调如果通过Spotify的算法来推荐，他可能不会爱上这首歌，因为算法可能不会推荐这么长的歌曲。这反映了算法对个人品味的潜在影响。故选B。 35. 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“He admits that quality is subjective when judging these things, and instead argues that recommendation systems... (他承认，在判断这些东西时，质量是主观的，相反，他认为推荐系统会……)”，结合下文“Taste, he writes, was once a combination of personal choices and popular influence --- but now algorithms rely more on choices of the masses. (他写道，品味曾经是个人选择和大众影响的结合，但现在算法更多地依赖于大众的选择。)”可以推测，推荐系统削弱了个人品味，因为现在算法更多地依赖大众的选择。因此，undermine在此处意为“破坏，妨碍，损害”。A. underestimate低估；B. enhance增强；C. transform变换；D. disturb干扰，妨碍。故选D。 36. 推理判断题。最后一段提到“The book may be most useful in these sections, where Chayka and his interviewees attempt to make sense of how internet algorithms have shaped their own lives and work. (这本书可能在这些部分最有用，在这些部分，Chayka和他的受访者试图弄清楚互联网算法是如何塑造他们自己的生活和工作的。)”可知，作者旨在展示这本书的亮点，即Chayka和他的受访者们探讨互联网算法如何塑造他们的生活和工作这部分内容是有价值和启发性的。故选A。 10 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. B 【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一位看门人给一位学生写的推荐信，讲述了可能出现的新趋势，作者也建议学生进一步探究这种情况。 37. 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The problem is that many remarkable students become indistinguishable from one another, at least on paper.(问题是,许多杰出的学生彼此难以区分,至少在试卷上是如此。)”可知，作者不知道录取谁是因为申请人的整体都很优秀。故选D。 38. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Even with these qualifications, he might not have stood out. But one letter of recommendation caught my eye. It was from a school doorkeeper.(即使有了这些资格，他也可能不会脱颖而出。但有一封推荐信引起了我的注意。是一个学校的看门人寄来的。)”可知，推荐信为了解候选人的素质提供了一个新的角度，让这位学生脱颖而出。故选A。 39. 推理判断题。根据第三段的“The doorkeeper wrote that he felt it necessary to support this student because of his thoughtfulness. This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the cleaning staff. He turned off lights in empty rooms, consistently thanked the hallway monitor each morning and tidied up after his peers even if nobody was watching. This student, the doorkeeper wrote, had a refreshing respect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or influence.(看门人写道，他觉得有必要支持这个学生，因为他很有思想。这个年轻人是学校里唯一一个知道所有清洁工名字的人。他会关掉空房间的灯，每天早上都会感谢走廊的监视器，即使没有人在看，他也会在同龄人之后去收拾。看门人写道，这个学生对学校里的每一个人都有一种令人耳目一新的尊重，不管他们的职位、受欢迎程度或影响力如何。)”可知，看门人支持这个学生，认为他善良体贴。故选C。 40. 推理判断题。根据倒数第一段的“Next year there might be a flood of doorkeeper recommendations thanks to this essay. But if it means students will start paying as much attention to the people who clean their classrooms as they do to their principals and teachers, I’m happy to help start that trend. But the story shouldn’t stop there.( 由于这篇文章，明年可能会有大量的看门人推荐。但如果这意味着学生们开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，我很乐意帮助开启这一趋势。但故事不应该止步于此。)”可推断，作者认为对于这种情况，应该深入探索，故选B。 11 41. B 42. A 43. C 44. D 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议，主要讨论的是个人在面对学术和职业上的拒绝时如何调整心态和寻找新的机会。 41. 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, when my first three papers were rejected by major journals, a leading expert told me my projects were hopeless, and I wondered if I should drop out.(然而，当我的前三篇论文被主要期刊拒绝时，一位权威专家告诉我，我的项目没有希望了，我想知道我是否应该退学。)”可知，作者对权威专家的话的反应是感到灰心丧气。故选B。 42. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) have scanned the brains of people who have cruelly been excluded from an online game. The physiological (生理学的) response looks fairly similar to processing physical pain.(神经科学家扫描了被残忍地排除在网络游戏之外的人的大脑。生理反应看起来与处理生理疼痛非常相似。)”可知，神经学家发现了拒绝真的让人感到疼痛。故选A。 43. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“When my work got rejected early in my academic career, pliability became my source of strength.  My identity as a researcher was under threat, but that wasn’t what had drawn me to graduate school in the first place.  I had another, stronger identity: I wanted to be a teacher.(在我的学术生涯早期，当我的作品被拒绝时，柔韧性成了我力量的源泉。我作为一名研究员的身份受到了威胁，但这并不是吸引我进入研究生院的首要原因。我有另一个更强烈的身份：我想成为一名教师。)”可知，面对拒绝，作者建议我们转向我们更强大的身份。故选C。 44. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The conversations with the students gave rise to my first two major papers, which gave me a head start toward tenure.(与学生们的对话促成了我最初的两篇主要论文，这使我在获得终身教职方面有了一个良好的开端。)”可知，作者最后成功地完成了一些研究工作。故选D。 12 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. A 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者认为“灾难题材”的电影和电视剧能更有力地提高公众对气候危机认识。 45. 词句猜测题。根据本段第一句“Like many eco-conscious films, I’ve seen Don’t Look Up many times, and shown it to my friends and family whenever anyone suggests a movie night. I rarely pass up the moment to educate my loved ones on any possible disaster or crisis in an entertaining or thought-inspiring way. (像许多有环保意识的电影一样，我看过很多次《别抬头》，每当有人建议去看电影之夜，我都会把它给我的朋友和家人看。我很少浪费时间以一种有趣或发人深省的方式教育我所爱的人任何可能的灾难或危机。)”可知，作者喜欢“灾难题材”的电影，不会放过对朋友和家人对可能发生的灾难或危机的教育契机，所以推测It’s a refreshing break from the usual doom-mongering that conversations can often get into.(这是一个令人耳目一新的突破，打破了人们通常会陷入的 。)中doom-mongering表“厄运”的意思。故选A项。 46. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Films appeal to our emotions in a way scientific presentation, academic papers or broadcast interview rarely can. Accordingly, films have an unusual way of engaging our emotions, which is a vital step in driving changes in people’s behavior.(电影以一种科学呈现、学术论文或广播采访很少能做到的方式吸引我们的情感。因此，电影有一种不同寻常的方式来吸引我们的情绪，这是推动人们行为变化的重要一步。)”等信息可知，与其它媒介相比，电影有着独特的方式来唤起观众的情感共鸣。故选B项。 47. 推理判断题。由文章第三段“Films and TV dramas can also bring the vastness of climate disaster down to earth by integrating everyday events. The TV series Years and Years, launches climate issues into public debate, helping viewers relate to the characters’ experiences. The End We Start From, set in an extreme flood in London, follows the everyday experience of having a newborn child. This creates a heart-felt emotional connect ion between the themes of the film and the viewers’ own experiences. The Day After Tomorrow, the first hit released in 2004, enhances public awareness and concern through its vivid imagery of environmental disaster.(电影和电视剧也可以通过整合日常事件，将浩瀚的气候灾难带到现实中。电视剧《岁月》将气候问题推向公众辩论，帮助观众了解角色的经历。《我们开始的终点》以伦敦的一场极端洪水为背景，讲述了一个新生儿的日常经历。这在电影的主题和观众自己的经历之间建立了一种发自内心的情感联系。2004年发行的第一部热门影片《后天》通过其生动的环境灾难形象提高了公众的认识和关注。)”可知，本段主要通过灾难电影来例证此类电影把气候问题与观众的日常生活相关连。故选C项。 48. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Films like this generate a strong empathetic (同理心的) connect ion that can help people change the way they behave far more than facts and data can. Of course, the growing type of climate change cinema is not always scientifically accurate. But if cinema is to be used more forcefully as a tool to raise the public awareness of climate crisis, then accuracy is not entirely necessary: it is the emotional connection and thrilling storytelling that are most crucial.(像这样的电影产生了强烈的同理心，比事实和数据更能帮助人们改变自己的行为方式。当然，越来越多的气候变化电影在科学上并不总是准确的。但是，如果电影要被更有力地用作提高公众对气候危机认识的工具，那么准确性就不是完全必要的：情感联系和激动人心的故事讲述才是最关键的。)”以及第一段中“I rarely pass up the moment to educate my loved ones on any possible disaster or crisis in an entertaining or thought-inspiring way. (我很少浪费时间以一种有趣或发人深省的方式教育我所爱的人任何可能的灾难或危机。)”可知，灾难电影既有娱乐性也有教育意义。故选A项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$