Unit 1 Cultural Heritage (人与社会：文化遗产)-【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高一英语单元阅读提升（人教版2019）

必修第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage （人教版2019） 人与社会：文化遗产 单元引言解读 Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations. —World Heritage Centre 释义：本单元的引言是世界遗产中心给“遗产”下的定义，即“文化遗产是过去人类所创造，由现代人类继承并传之后世”。也就是说，文化遗产是把人类的过去、现在和未来联系起来的纽带。 启示：文化遗产是具有历史、艺术和科学价值的文物，是历史留给人类的财富。从存在形式上分为物质文化遗产(有形文化遗产)和非物质文化遗产(无形文化遗产)。 名言名句积累 人与自社会：文化遗产 1．Protect our cultural heritage like we cherish our own lives. 像珍惜自己的生命一样保护好文化遗产。 2．As long as the Mogao Grottoes exist, we will accompany them for generations to come. 只要莫高窟存在，我们一代代人就要把它们陪好。 3．Cultural heritage is a symbol of splendid ancient civilization and protecting it can make us feel proud of our nation. 文化遗产是古代灿烂文明的象征，保护文化遗产能让我们为我们的国家感到自豪。 4．Cultural heritage connects modern people with the historical past, allowing them to acquire a cultural and historical identity. 文化遗产将现代人与过去的历史连接起来，使人们拥有文化和历史的认同感。 4．As the world gets globalized, it is in need of building people's sense of local cultural heritage. 随着世界的全球化，需要建立人们的地方文化遗产意识。 5．When people admit our culture, we will be proud of being part of the country, so as to enhance the unity and have the desire to make a contribution to the society. 当人们承认我们的文化时，我们会为自己是国家的一部分而感到自豪，从而增强团结，并渴望为社会做出贡献。 时文拓展阅读 Event focuses on cultural heritage preservation A wide variety of intangible cultural heritage is displayed across the Yaohu Town scenic area in Yixing, Jiangsu province during the second Annual Conference on the Preservation of China's Intangible Cultural Heritage. [Photo provided to chinadaily.com.cn] The second Annual Conference on the Preservation of China's Intangible Cultural Heritage kicked off in Yaohu Town, Yixing, Jiangsu province, on Saturday. The three-day event featured forums gathering experts to discuss better preservation methods, salons for different generations of heritage inheritors and a market showcasing hundreds of relevant projects from across the country. At the event's opening ceremony, a book on the current state of intangible cultural heritage dissemination was released. Based on internet dissemination data from various regions, categories, levels of inheritors and heritage activities, the book summarizes the efforts on preserving and transmitting intangible cultural heritage last year and suggestions for further improving heritage promotion efforts. Meanwhile, Anda Union, an ensemble from Hohhot, the capital of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, showcased humai, a throat-singing technique, and played the horse-head fiddle, which opened the ceremony's intangible cultural heritage performances. Following this, arts such as Kunqu Opera and acrobatics were performed, providing the audience with a visual and auditory feast. During the event, walking through the streets and lanes of the Yaohu scenic area, visitors experienced an immersive feast of intangible cultural heritage, featuring hundreds of national and provincial representative projects from across the country, including various culinary arts, traditional operas, dances and handicrafts. 【译文欣赏】 活动重点关注文化遗产保护 第二届中国非物质文化遗产保护年会于周六在江苏省宜兴市尧湖镇拉开帷幕。 为期三天的活动包括论坛，聚集专家讨论更好的保护方法，为不同世代的遗产继承人举办沙龙，以及展示来自全国各地数百个相关项目的市场。 在活动开幕式上，发布了一本关于非物质文化遗产传播现状的书。本书基于来自不同地区、类别、传承人层次和遗产活动的互联网传播数据，总结了去年保护和传承非物质文化遗产的工作，并提出了进一步改进遗产推广工作的建议。 与此同时，来自内蒙古自治区首府呼和浩特的安达联盟乐团展示了喉唱技巧“呼麦”，并演奏了马头琴，拉开了仪式非物质文化遗产表演的序幕。随后，昆曲、杂技等艺术作品陆续上演，为观众呈现了一场视觉与听觉的盛宴。 活动期间，游客在瑶湖景区的大街小巷漫步，体验了一场身临其境的非物质文化遗产盛宴，其中包括来自全国各地的数百个国家和省级代表性项目，包括各种烹饪艺术、传统戏曲、舞蹈和手工业。 【词汇积累】 ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Annual Conference年会 Kick off 开始，发起 preservation 保存… Showcase v. 展示 Relevant adj. 相关的 Transmit v.传送，传播 Intangible Cultural Heritage非物质文化遗产无形文化遗产世界非物质文化遗产 opening ceremony开幕式 current state当前状态现状当前的状态电流状态当前状况 cultural heritage文化遗产 a visual and auditory feast 一场视觉与听觉的盛宴 【知识拓展】 7月20-22日，第二届中国非物质文化遗产保护年会在位于江苏省宜兴市的窑湖小镇举办。年会以“守正创新、赓续薪火”为主题，依托开幕式、非遗大集和年会论坛推出系列精彩内容，包括非遗项目展览、年度非遗保护成果发布、学术研讨等，向广大群众献上一场传统文化与新时代气息相结合的非遗盛宴。【词汇延伸】 The Inner Mongolia autonomous region内蒙古自治区 综合实战演练 （一） （2024·全国Ⅰ卷真题七选五）Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 1 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. 2 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. 3 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 4 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". 5 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A．I don't often use this dictionary. B．It takes no account of the context. C．But I still don't want to replace them. D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E．Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G．Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. 【答案速查】1．F 2．B 3．E 4．A 5．D 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。 1．上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。 2．上文“I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B选项“It takes no account of the context.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。 3．下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。 4．下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I don’t often use this dictionary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。 5．上文“ “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。 ( 七选五 解题技巧 技巧一：从细节逻辑上判断——因果关系 在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。 技巧二：从细节逻辑上判断——转折关系 转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：However, nevertheless, nonetheless, still；though，yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever, whatever，on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise，not...but，as well等。 技巧三：从细节逻辑上判断——例证关系 前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。 技巧四：从细节逻辑上判断——递进关系 递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。 技巧 五 ：从词汇线索上判断——代词 英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。 ) ( 技巧 六 ：从词汇线索上判断——同义词/近义词 英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。 技巧 七 ：从词汇线索上判断——上下义词/同一范畴词 上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。 技巧 八 ：从试题位置上判断——问题在段首 假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。另外着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。 技巧 九 ：从试题位置上判断-——问题在段尾 所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。分析与前文是转折或是对比关系。 ) ( ① It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. 本句中differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical为现在分词做结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。 翻译： 它应该给你每个单词一个准确的定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。 ② In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. 本句中 picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence 为过去分词短语做后置定语修饰an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary. 翻译： 此外，我还有一本两卷本的《牛津短词典》，几年前在书店以 99 便士的价格买到。 ) ( submit v 提交； professionally adv 专业地； present v 呈现； tolerate v 容忍； laptop n 笔记本电脑； spellchecker n 拼写检查程序； old-fashioned adj （人）守旧的；hard cover n 硬皮书；precise adj 精确的，准确的； definition n 释义；differentiate v 区分，区别； identical adj 完全相同的； two-volume adj 两卷的，两册的；combination n 组合；usage n 用法； influential adj 有影响力的；illustrate v 说明，解释； rewarding adj 有意义的； context n 上下文 a great speller 拼写能力强的人； take the trouble to do sth 费神做某事，不辞辛劳地做某事； reference books 参考书； leaf through 匆匆翻阅，浏览；pick up（碰巧或廉价地）买到； idiomatic phrases 惯用语；cast your eye over sth 迅速检查（浏览）某物； take account of 把……考虑进去 ) 【全文翻译】  并非所有伟大的作家都是伟大的拼写者。如果你想出版，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的。这意味着语法良好，没有拼写错误。没有一个编辑会容忍一个作家不不厌其烦地拼写单词。 我的桌子上放着两本参考书：字典和词库。我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。它不考虑上下文。当然，现在有很多在线词典和词库，但我已经足够老式了，更喜欢硬封面和可以用手指翻阅的页面。我使用简明牛津词典和柯林斯同义词库。 当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。它应该给你每个单词一个准确的定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。 此外，我还有一本两卷本的《牛津短词典》，几年前在书店以99便士的价格买到。当然，2672页的篇幅并不算短。它包含大约163000个单词，加上单词组合和惯用短语。我不常用这本字典。然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的起源或查找它的用法示例，没有什么比这更好的了。 一百多年来，最有影响力的英语词典是1755年出版的塞缪尔·约翰逊的《英语词典》。约翰逊写道：“制作字典是枯燥的工作。”他举例说明了“枯燥”的一个定义。但是读字典是一种乐趣。花几分钟的时间浏览一两页可能是一种有益的体验。 （二） （23-24高一下·河北张家口·期末）Are you guilty (内疚) of bad computer habits? You might not even realize it. 6 So you should break the following bad computer habits for a healthier digital life. Snacking at the screen 7 However, crumbs (碎屑) can damage your keyboard and become a suitable place for bacteria (细菌) to grow. Touching your skin after typing on a crumb-filled keyboard might as well harm your skin. Leaving the computer on around the clock Convenience often gets the better of protection, but leaving your PC or laptop on all the time can wear it down and waste electricity. 8 Your computer and your energy bill will thank you. Marathon gaming time Gaming can be an attractive hobby, with hours flying by as you’re addicted to the screen. However, over-gaming can lead to physical and mental stress, resulting in poor sleep, weakened immunity (免疫) , and even mental health issues. 9 After an hour of gaming, a 10-minute break can do wonders. Using public computers carelessly Saving passwords on your personal computer is acceptable, but doing the same on public computers is a no-no. It’s extremely easy for someone with tech to know how to get those passwords and access your personal information. Be extremely careful when using public computers. 10 So, in today’s world, where digital wellness is becoming increasingly important, let’s break bad habits and have a healthier, more mindful approach to our digital lives. A．Remember to take a rest B．Make it a habit to shut it down when you’re done for the day. C．Who doesn’t love eating snacks while looking through the web? D．However, some things you do daily can harm your tech and yourself. E．Don’t you know a little comfort now could lead to a big headache later? F．Always exit the computer and never save passwords on public machines G．It’s best to shut down your computer correctly to avoid any possible damage 【答案】6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了四种不良的电脑使用习惯，包括在电脑前吃零食、长时间开机、长时间玩游戏以及不当地使用公共电脑，并指出了这些习惯对电脑和个人健康的潜在危害。文章建议为了更健康的数字生活，我们应该打破这些不良习惯。 6．根据前文“Are you guilty (内疚) of bad computer habits? You might not even realize it.( 你有不良的电脑习惯吗？你可能都没有意识到。)”可知，此处强调的是你有诸多不良的电脑习惯，但是你本身没有意识到。D选项“However, some things you do daily can harm your tech and yourself.( 然而，你每天做的一些事情可能会伤害你的科技和你自己。)”中的something指代前文的“一些不良的电脑习惯”，这些“不良习惯”可能伤害你的科技和你自己，该选项符合语境。故选D。 7．根据本段段旨“Snacking at the screen(对着屏幕吃零食)”可知，本段介绍的是对着电脑屏幕吃零食的坏习惯。C选项“Who doesn’t love eating snacks while looking through the web?( 谁不喜欢边上网边吃零食呢？)”与段旨呼应，符合语境。故选C。 8．根据前文“Convenience often gets the better of protection, but leaving your PC or laptop on all the time can wear it down and waste electricity. (方便往往能带来更好的保护，但一直开着你的个人电脑或笔记本电脑会磨损它，浪费电力。)”可知，此处强调的是一直开着你的个人电脑或笔记本电脑会磨损它，浪费电力。B选项“Make it a habit to shut it down when you’re done for the day.(当你完成一天的工作时，养成关掉电脑的习惯。)”承接前文，指出针对一直开着电脑的坏习惯，此处强调应该养成关电脑的习惯，符合语境。故选B。 9．根据前文“ However, over-gaming can lead to physical and mental stress, resulting in poor sleep, weakened immunity (免疫) , and even mental health issues.( 然而，过度游戏会导致身体和精神压力，导致睡眠不佳，免疫力下降，甚至精神健康问题。)”可知，此处强调过度游戏的消极后果。后文应该对此问题进行解决。A选项“Remember to take a rest(记得要休息)”承接前文，指出过度的游戏中要适当休息，符合语境。故选A。 10．根据前文“Be extremely careful when using public computers. (使用公共电脑时要格外小心。)”可知，此处指出使用公共电脑要小心。后文应该给出具体建议。F选项“Always exit the computer and never save passwords on public machines(永远退出计算机，永远不要在公共计算机上保存密码)”承接前文，指出在公共计算机上不要保存自己的密码，符合语境。故选F。 （三） （23-24高一下·陕西商洛·期末）Adapting to different cultures is an enriching journey that broadens our opinions and improves global understanding. Here are some steps to help you embrace (拥抱) cultural diversity.Admitting cultural differences Acknowledge and accept that each culture has its own way of life. Admit that no culture is superior or inferior; they are simply different. 11 .Seeking cultural understanding You should understand the fundamental aspects of the culture you come across. 12 . Engage in conversations with locals to gain insights into their daily lives and values. This approach will not only enrich your knowledge but also deepen your appreciation for the culture.Exploring local food Food is a window into a culture’s soul. Try the local cuisine to experience the diversity of flavors and cooking styles. 13 , each bite can offer a connection to the culture’s heritage (遗产).Sharing your own culture Remember, cultural adaptation is reciprocal (相应的). While you’re learning about others, you also have the chance to share stories and aspects of your own culture. 14 . In a word, adapting to different cultures is about embracing the diversity with an open heart and mind. 15 . By doing so, you can enrich your life with new viewpoints and experiences. A．Whether it’s seafood or dessert B．If you want to know some delicious food C．This exchange can improve understanding D．Learn about their history, traditions, and so on E．Language is a powerful tool for cultural adaptation F．It involves respect and a willingness to learn and share G．It helps set the stage for a positive attitude to new experiences 【答案】11．G 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了适应不同文化的重要性，并提出了一系列步骤来帮助人们拥抱文化多样性。 11．根据前文“Acknowledge and accept that each culture has its own way of life. Admit that no culture is superior or inferior; they are simply different.( 承认并接受每种文化都有自己的生活方式。承认没有文化的优劣之分；它们只是不同而已。)”可知，此处强调承认文化没有优劣之分，只是不同而已，设空处应该进一步阐述传承差异带来的积极影响。G选项“It helps set the stage for a positive attitude to new experiences(它为对新体验的积极态度奠定了基础)”符合语境，指出承认文化差异有助于形成对新体验的积极态度，与前文内容呼应。故选G。 12．根据前文的“You should understand the fundamental aspects of the culture you come across. (你应该了解你所遇到的文化的基本方面。)”可知，此处强调你应该了解你所遇到的文化的基本方面。D选项“Learn about their history, traditions, and so on(了解他们的历史、传统等等)”强调了解他们的历史、传统正是对“基本方面”的具体化，与上下文内容一致。故选D。 13．根据本段小标题“Exploring local food(探索当地美食)”以及上文“Try the local cuisine to experience the diversity of flavors and cooking styles. (尝试当地美食，体验不同的口味和烹饪风格)”强调通过探索当地美食体验不同的文化。A选项“Whether it’s seafood or dessert(无论是海鲜还是甜点)”为让步状语从句，与下文“each bite can offer a connection to the culture’s heritage (遗产).(每一口都能让人联想到当地的文化遗产。)”相衔接，指出无论当地的食物是海鲜还是甜点，品尝一口都能让人联想到当地的文化遗产，进一步强调了探索当地美食有助于了解当地文化，符合语境。故选A。 14．根据前文“While you’re learning about others, you also have the chance to share stories and aspects of your own culture. (当你了解别人的时候，你也有机会分享你自己的故事和文化。)”可知，此处强调文化适应是相互的。C选项“This exchange can improve understanding(这种交流可以增进理解)” 指出这种交流可以改善理解，正好说明了分享和了解是相互的，并能增进理解，与前文内容一致。故选C。 15．根据前文“In a word, adapting to different cultures is about embracing the diversity with an open heart and mind. (总而言之，适应不同的文化就是要以开放的心态去接纳多样性。)”可知，此处强调适应不同的文化就是以开放的心态和心灵去拥抱多样性。F选项“It involves respect and a willingness to learn and share(它包括尊重和愿意学习和分享)”进一步阐释了适应文化多样性所需的品质，即尊重和愿意学习、分享，与承接即前文所提到的以开放的心态接纳多样性。故选F。 （四） （23-24高一下·陕西汉中·期末）Interesting Eating Habits From Different Countries Among one of the joys of traveling abroad is the exposure to different types of cuisines. Here we provide some eating habits that could benefit you when traveling to a foreign country. Britain 16 In England, the term “dinner” can refer to the afternoon meal, or lunch as some of us know it. What we know as dinner is sometimes called tea or supper, depending on how late it is consumed. The most common time for tea is at four o’clock in the afternoon. Supper is generally a lighter meal taken later in the evening. China The use of chopsticks when eating Chinese cuisine is one that needs practice. To hold the chopsticks properly, first hold the first stick like a pencil, and the second stick between your thumb and your ring finger. 17 India It is pretty widely known that Indians traditionally eat with hands. 18 Many urban Indians today, whether living in India or not, maintain the practice of eating with their hands. Before settling down to begin your meal, make sure to wash your hands thoroughly first. Always eat with your right hand only. 19 Besides, make sure not to have any food touch your palms (手掌), and do not put your fingers into your mouth. Instead, use your fingers to push the food into your mouth. Japan In Japan, before sitting down to a meal, fresh hot towels are given to you to clean your hands. 20 It means “I’m going to start eating”. A．When your orders arrive, it is also polite to say the phrase “itadakimasu”. B．Let China’s food culture move toward the world. C．There, dinner may not be the dinner that you and I know. D．Eating with your left hand is considered disrespectful. E．In some countries, lunchtime often means soup time. F．Your middle finger should be in between the two chopsticks. G．However, this practice is not limited to traditional Indians only. 【答案】16．C 17．F 18．G 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了来自不同国家的有趣饮食习惯，包括英国、中国、印度和日本。作者希望这些信息能帮助人们在出国旅行时更好地适应当地的饮食文化。 16．根据后文“In England, the term “dinner” can refer to the afternoon meal, or lunch as some of us know it. (在英国，“dinner”一词可以指下午的饭，或者我们有些人所知道的午餐。)”可知，在英国，晚餐可能并不是我们理解的晚餐。C选项“There, dinner may not be the dinner that you and I know.( 在那里，晚餐可能不是你我熟悉的晚餐。)”引起下文，符合语境。故选C。 17．根据前文“To hold the chopsticks properly, first hold the first stick like a pencil, and the second stick between your thumb and your ring finger. (要正确使用筷子，首先要像拿铅笔一样拿第一根筷子，第二根筷子夹在拇指和无名指之间。)”可知，此处解释如何正确的使用筷子。F选项“Your middle finger should be in between the two chopsticks.(你的中指应该在两根筷子之间。)”承接前文，描述如何正确使用筷子。故选F。 18．根据后文“ Many urban Indians today, whether living in India or not, maintain the practice of eating with their hands.( 今天，许多印度城市居民，无论是否居住在印度，都保持着用手吃饭的习惯。)”可知，用手吃饭这个习俗并不只限于传统印度人，许多印度城市居民，无论是否居住在印度，都保持着用手吃饭的习惯。G选项“However, this practice is not limited to traditional Indians only.( 然而，这种做法并不仅限于传统的印度人。)”表明用手吃饭的传统在印度并非只有传统印度人才这么做，与上文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选G。 19．根据前文“Always eat with your right hand only. (永远只用右手吃饭。)”可知，在印度只能用右手吃饭。D选项“Eating with your left hand is considered disrespectful.(用左手吃饭被认为是不礼貌的。)”承接前文，形成对应，解释了只能用右手吃饭的原因，即用左手吃饭是被认为不礼貌的，符合语境。故选D。 20．根据后文“It means “I’m going to start eating”.(它的意思是“我要开始吃了”。)”可知，此处设空处介绍了日本人开始吃饭前要说的一句话；A选项“When your orders arrive, it is also polite to say the phrase “itadakimasu”.(当你点的菜到达时，礼貌地说“itadakimasu”。)”符合语境，下文中的“It”指代选项中的“itadakimasu”。故选A。 （五） （23-24高一下·吉林白城·期末）What do the following places have in common: the Serengeti Desert, Edinburgh’s Old Town and the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve? The Serengeti Desert is in Tanzania and Kenya, Africa. It contains thousands of kilometers of dry grasslands and many rare kinds of animals. Edinburgh’s Old Town is in the capital city of Scotland. It has many old buildings and streets. There are very few new buildings in Edinburgh’s Old Town. The Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve is near Mexico City in Mexico. It has beautiful flowers and forests. It is also the home of millions of butterflies in the winter. These three places are very different. But they are all under special protection by UNESCO (联合国教科文组织). They are World Heritage Sites. The story of World Heritage Sites begins more than 3,000 years ago. At that time, the great king of Egypt built many temples. But after thousands of years, sand covered them. Stories tell of a young boy named Abu Simbel who found the temples. One day, Abu Simbel saw something under the sand. Soon, the ancient temples of Ramses Ⅱwere officially rediscovered. But they were not safe. The government of Egypt planned to build a dam on the Nile River. It would create a large lake, which would cover the temples in water. Many people did not want the temples destroyed. UNESCO agreed and raised 40 million dollars from around the world to save the temples. From 1964 to 1968, engineers took the temples apart in many pieces and rebuilt them hundreds of meters back from the Nile River. Today, they are called the Abu Simbel Temples, in memory of the young boy who first found them. The effort to save the Abu Simbel Temples was a success. So in 1972, UNESCO formed the World Heritage Committee, which protects places on the earth that are of great cultural or natural value. Any country in the world can ask for protection from UNESCO. The countries send a list of places to the World Heritage Committee. Once a year, the World Heritage Committee meets and votes on which places to protect. When they choose a place, it officially becomes a World Heritage Site. 21．What’s special about Edinburgh’s Old Town? A．It has no new buildings. B．It’s a World Heritage Site. C．It’s in the capital city of Scotland. D．It has the oldest streets in the world. 22．The young boy Abu Simbel . A．grew up to be a great engineer B．took part in building the temples C．lived in Egypt about 3,000 years ago D．was the first to discover the hidden temples 23．The last paragraph mainly deals with . A．how a World Heritage Site is chosen B．why the World Heritage Committee was formed C．how often the World Heritage Committee works D．why countries ask for protection from UNESCO 【答案】21．C 22．D 23．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了三处世界遗产以及世界遗产委员会的起源。 21．细节理解题。根据第三段“Edinburgh’s Old Town is in the capital city of Scotland.(爱丁堡老城位于苏格兰的首都)”可知，Edinburgh’s Old Town位于苏格兰的首都是它的特别之处。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“Stories tell of a young boy named Abu Simbel who found the temples.(故事讲述的是一个名叫Abu Simbel的小男孩发现了这些神庙)”和倒数第三段中的“Today, they are called the Abu Simbel Temples, in memory of the young boy who first found them.(今天，它们被称为Abu Simbel神庙，以纪念第一个发现它们的小男孩)”可知，Abu Simbel是第一个发现那些寺庙的人。故选D。 23．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“The countries send a list of places to the World Heritage Committee. Once a year, the World Heritage Committee meets and votes on which places to protect. When they choose a place, it officially becomes a World Heritage Site.(这些国家向世界遗产委员会提交了一份遗产地名单。世界遗产委员会每年召开一次会议，投票决定哪些地方需要保护。当他们选择一个地方时，它就正式成为世界遗产)”可知，本段主要讲述了世界遗产地是怎样被选出来的。故选A。 （六） （23-24高一下·广东潮州·期中）As Christmas Eve approached, I found myself in New York City, far from my family and friends in Taiwan. I was feeling homesick and lonely, but my Jewish friend, Rachel, who, like me, doesn’t get connected with Christmas due to any religious things, invited me to join her for a dinner in a Chinese restaurant. She explained that it was a tradition for many Jewish people to celebrate this holiday by eating Chinese food on Christmas Eve. We went to Jing Fong, a fancy restaurant in Chinatown. The place was packed with people, and the atmosphere was lively and festive. We ordered a variety of dishes. Everything was delicious, and I felt grateful to be sharing this experience with Rachel. As we ate, we talked about our families and our cultures. We laughed and joked, and for a moment, I forgot about my homesickness. A moment later, a group of carolers (唱圣诞歌的人) came into the restaurant, singing Christmas songs. At first, I was puzzled. Why were they singing in a Chinese restaurant? But then I realized that this was part of the magic of New York City. People from all different cultures and backgrounds (背景) could come together and celebrate the holidays in their own way. Rachel and I joined in the singing, and soon the whole restaurant was filled with music. It was a beautiful moment, and I felt lucky to be part of it. What a night! I learned that even when you’re far from home, you can still find joy and connection with others. Rachel and I may come from different cultures, but we shared amazing food, joyful music, and most importantly heartfelt company. And that’s exactly what all the holidays are all about. 24．Why did Rachel invite the author to join her for dinner? A．To show respect to God B．To celebrate Christmas in the Jewish way C．To share stories about their families D．To forget about their homesickness 25．What was the author’s first reaction to the carolers? A．Fearful B．Joyful C．Disappointed D．Confused 26．How did the author want people to celebrate Christmas? A．By focusing on religious traditions B．By celebrating with family and friends C．By enjoying a variety of festive dishes D．By accepting various ways of celebration 【答案】24．B 25．D 26．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍作者独自在纽约时和犹太朋友瑞秋共度平安夜，作者度过了愉快的夜晚，也明白了尊重并拥抱文化多样性的重要性。 24．细节理解题。根据第一段的“She explained that it was a tradition for many Jewish people to celebrate this holiday by eating Chinese food on Christmas Eve.(她解释说，许多犹太人在平安夜吃中国菜来庆祝这个节日是一个传统)”可知，瑞秋邀请作者和她共进晚餐是为了以犹太人的方式庆祝圣诞节。故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段的“At first, I was puzzled.(一开始，我很困惑)”可知，作者对颂歌者的最初反应是感到困惑。故选D。 26．细节理解题。根据第四段“What a night! I learned that even when you’re far from home, you can still find joy and connection with others. Rachel and I may come from different cultures, but we shared amazing food, joyful music, and most importantly heartfelt company. And that’s exactly what all the holidays are all about.(多么美妙的夜晚!我学到了即使你远离家乡，你仍然可以找到快乐和与他人的联系。瑞秋和我可能来自不同的文化背景，但我们分享了美味的食物，快乐的音乐，最重要的是，我们真诚的陪伴。而这正是所有节日的意义所在)”可知，作者希望人们拥抱不同的圣诞节庆祝方式。故选D。 （七） （23-24高一下·广东广州·阶段练习）I was brought up in the British, stiff upper lip style. Strong feelings aren’t something you display in public. So, you can imagine that I was unprepared for the outpouring of public grief at a Chinese funeral. My editorial team leader died recently after a short illness. He was 31. The news was so unexpected that it left us all shocked and upset. A female colleague burst into tears and cried sadly at her desk. Somehow, we got through the day’s work. The next day was the funeral. Our big boss stepped forward to deliver a eulogy (悼词) and was soon in tears. She carried on, in Chinese of course, but at the end said in English: “There will be no more deadlines for you in heaven.” Next came a long-term colleague who also dissolved in tears but carried on with her speech despite being almost overcome by emotion. Then a close friend of the dead man paid tribute, weeping openly as he spoke. Sorrow is spreading. Men and women were now sobbing uncontrollably. Finally, the man’s mother, supported between two women, addressed her son in his coffin. She almost collapsed and had to be held up. We were invited to step forward to each lay a white rose on the casket. Our dead colleague looked as if he was taking a nap. At the end of the service I walked away from the funeral stunned at the outpouring of emotion. In the UK, families grieve privately and then try to hold it together and not break down at a funeral. Here in China it would seem that grieving is a public affair. It strikes me that it is more releasing to cry your eyes out than try to keep it bottled up for fear of embarrassment, which is what many of us do in the West. Afterwards, a Chinese colleague told me that the lamenting (哀悼) at the funeral had been restrained (克制) by Chinese standards. In some rural areas, she said, people used to be paid to mourn noisily. This struck me like something out of novel by Charles Dickens. But we have all seen on TV scenes of grief-stricken people in Gaza and the West Bank, in Afghanistan, Iraq and the relatives of victims of terrorist bombings around the world. Chinese grief is no different. I realized that it’s the reserved British way of mourning that is out of step with the rest of the world. 27．What does the underlined words “stiff upper lip style” mean? A．cold-blooded B．light-hearted C．self-controlled D．warm-hearted 28．What happened at the funeral? A．Five individuals made speeches. B．The writer was astonished by the scene. C．Everyone was crying out loudly. D．The boss’s speech was best thought of. 29．What can be implied from the passage? A．The English might cry noisily for the dead in Dickens’ time. B．Victims of terrorist bombings should be greatly honored. C．Chinese express their sadness quite unlike other peoples. D．English funeral culture is more civilized than the others. 30．What is the passage mainly about? A．An editor’s death. B．Funeral customs. C．Cultural differences. D．Western ways of grief. 【答案】27．C 28．B 29．A 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者亲身经历的一场中国葬礼，对比了中英两国在表达哀悼情感上的文化差异，展现了个人的观察、感受与思考。 27．词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“Strong feelings aren’t something you display in public. So, you can imagine that I was unprepared for the outpouring of public grief at a Chinese funeral.(强烈的情感不是你在公共场合展示的东西。所以，你可以想象，在中国的葬礼上，面对公众倾泻而出的悲痛，我是毫无准备的)”可推知，作者在英国长大，在情感上是拘谨的，是克制的，故划线词与C项“能控制情感的，自我控制的”意思相近。故选C项。 28．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“At the end of the service I walked away from the funeral stunned at the outpouring of emotion.(仪式结束时，我带着对那情感流露的震惊离开了葬礼)”可知，作者对葬礼上的场景感到震惊。故选B项。 29．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Afterwards, a Chinese colleague told me that the lamenting at the funeral had been restrained by Chinese standards. In some rural areas, she said, people used to be paid to mourn noisily. This struck me like something out of novel by Charles Dickens.(后来，一位中国同事告诉我，按照中国标准，葬礼上的哀悼其实算是克制的。她说，在一些农村地区，人们过去甚至会被付费去大声哭丧。这让我感觉像是从查尔斯·狄更斯的小说里走出来的情节)”可知，狄更斯的小说中有描写到这种哀悼的场面，故可推知在狄更斯的时代，英国人可能会为逝去的人痛哭。故选A项。 30．主旨大意题。结合全文及文章第四段“In the UK, families grieve privately and then try to hold it together and not break down at a funeral. Here in China it would seem that grieving is a public affair.(在英国，家庭通常私下里哀悼，并尽量在葬礼上保持镇定，不情绪崩溃。而在中国，看起来哀悼更多的是一件公开的事)”可知，文章主要讲述中英两国在表达哀悼情感上的文化差异。故选C项。 （八） （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress. On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride in their culture and means of coping with homesickness. Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes in the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes. We should embrace our heritage through our traditional food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such. 31．What’s the function of food mentioned in the article? A．To show national identity. B．To help motivate homesickness. C．To reflect a country’s history. D．To show a community’s superiority. 32．What does the underlined “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The national culture. B．The specific traditional food. C．A traditional expression of food. D．The old-fashioned taste. 33．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant? A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes. B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil. C．To present their own food culture in a new way. D．To make the dishes popular among customers. 34．What's the author’s attitude towards different food cultures? A．Negative. B．unfair. C．Positive. D．Opposed. 【答案】31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了传统食物与文化之间的联系。 31．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“It also operates as an expression of culture identity.”（它也是一种文化认同的表达。）可知，传统食物被当做文化认同的一种表达方式，即传统食物展示了民族认同感。故选A项。 32．词义猜测题。根据第二段前两句“On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity.”（在很大程度上，传统食物是文化的重要组成部分。它也是一种文化认同的表达。）及最后一句“it is a symbol of pride in their culture and means of coping with homesickness.”（这是他们文化自豪感的象征，也是应对乡愁的一种方式。）可知，移民者无论走到哪里，都会带着它，它是文化自豪感的象征，是缓解乡愁的方式，故推知it指代上文提到的“traditional food”。故选B项。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Therefore, they have to make small changes in the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers.”（因此，他们不得不在原来的菜肴上做些小的改变，以迎合更广泛的顾客。）可知，移民者对菜品进行调整是为了使这些菜肴更加受欢迎。故选D项。 34．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“We should embrace our heritage through our traditional food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such.”（我们应该通过我们的传统食物来拥抱我们的遗产，但也要通过尝试他们的食物来更多地了解其他文化。重要的是要记住，每一道菜在它所属的文化中都有一个特殊的位置，对烹饪它的人来说也是特别的。食物是文化的窗口，我们应该以正确的方式对待它。）可知，作者认为不同的食物代表不同的文化，我们既要通过我们的传统食物来坚持自己的文化自信，也要尝试不同的食物以了解其他文化。故作者对食物文化持积极肯定的态度。故选C项。 思维素养提升 Task 1 本单元的主题语境是“人与社会”，话题是“文化遗产”。全世界的文化遗产是人类文明的共同财富，我们应该在发展经济的同时平衡珍贵物质与非物质文化的保护关系。本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于保护文化遗产的文章。请选择一篇你感兴趣的阅读语篇，尝试用思维导图绘制出文章脉络吧！ Task 2 （22-23高一·全国·课后作业）最近，你班同学就“文物是否应该向公众开放”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语写一篇80词左右的短文介绍讨论的情况。 20%的同学反对 1.太多游客会破坏贵重文物，甚至完全摧毁文物 2.毫无疑问，为了赚取更多的钱，当地人会忽视对文物的保护 80%的同学支持 1.让人们了解中国的历史、传统文化、习俗和建筑风格，这是一种很好的方式 2.开放文物有利于当地旅游业的发展，为当地经济发展做贡献，提高当地人的生活水平 你的看法 …… ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】    Recently, we have had a heated discussion on whether cultural relics should be open to the public. Different people have different ideas. 20% of us are against opening cultural relics. Too many tourists can damage the valuable cultural relics and even completely destroy them. There is no doubt that to earn more money the local people pay little attention to the relic protection. However, 80% of us think it's worth doing. Foremost, it is a good way for people to understand Chinese history, traditional culture, customs and building styles. Moreover, opening cultural relics can do good to the local tourism. In return, it can speed up the local economy, which will better the local people's life. In my opinion, cultural relics should be open to the public, but they must be open under proper protection. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文。要求考生介绍班级就“文物是否应该向公众开放”这一话题的讨论情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 游客：tourist→visitor 完全：completely→totally 此外：moreover→what’s more 在我看来：in my opinion→from my point of view 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Foremost, it is a good way for people to understand Chinese history, traditional culture, customs and building styles. 拓展句：Foremost, it is a good way that people can understand Chinese history, traditional culture, customs and building styles. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, we have had a heated discussion on whether cultural relics should be open to the public.（运用了whether引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】There is no doubt that to earn more money the local people pay little attention to the relic protection.（运用了that引导同位语从句） 【高分句型3】In return, it can speed up the local economy, which will better the local people’s life.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） $$必修第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage （人教版2019） 人与社会：文化遗产 单元引言解读 Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations. —World Heritage Centre 释义：本单元的引言是世界遗产中心给“遗产”下的定义，即“文化遗产是过去人类所创造，由现代人类继承并传之后世”。也就是说，文化遗产是把人类的过去、现在和未来联系起来的纽带。 启示：文化遗产是具有历史、艺术和科学价值的文物，是历史留给人类的财富。从存在形式上分为物质文化遗产(有形文化遗产)和非物质文化遗产(无形文化遗产)。 名言名句积累 人与自社会：文化遗产 1．Protect our cultural heritage like we cherish our own lives. 像珍惜自己的生命一样保护好文化遗产。 2．As long as the Mogao Grottoes exist, we will accompany them for generations to come. 只要莫高窟存在，我们一代代人就要把它们陪好。 3．Cultural heritage is a symbol of splendid ancient civilization and protecting it can make us feel proud of our nation. 文化遗产是古代灿烂文明的象征，保护文化遗产能让我们为我们的国家感到自豪。 4．Cultural heritage connects modern people with the historical past, allowing them to acquire a cultural and historical identity. 文化遗产将现代人与过去的历史连接起来，使人们拥有文化和历史的认同感。 4．As the world gets globalized, it is in need of building people's sense of local cultural heritage. 随着世界的全球化，需要建立人们的地方文化遗产意识。 5．When people admit our culture, we will be proud of being part of the country, so as to enhance the unity and have the desire to make a contribution to the society. 当人们承认我们的文化时，我们会为自己是国家的一部分而感到自豪，从而增强团结，并渴望为社会做出贡献。 时文拓展阅读 Event focuses on cultural heritage preservation A wide variety of intangible cultural heritage is displayed across the Yaohu Town scenic area in Yixing, Jiangsu province during the second Annual Conference on the Preservation of China's Intangible Cultural Heritage. [Photo provided to chinadaily.com.cn] The second Annual Conference on the Preservation of China's Intangible Cultural Heritage kicked off in Yaohu Town, Yixing, Jiangsu province, on Saturday. The three-day event featured forums gathering experts to discuss better preservation methods, salons for different generations of heritage inheritors and a market showcasing hundreds of relevant projects from across the country. At the event's opening ceremony, a book on the current state of intangible cultural heritage dissemination was released. Based on internet dissemination data from various regions, categories, levels of inheritors and heritage activities, the book summarizes the efforts on preserving and transmitting intangible cultural heritage last year and suggestions for further improving heritage promotion efforts. Meanwhile, Anda Union, an ensemble from Hohhot, the capital of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, showcased humai, a throat-singing technique, and played the horse-head fiddle, which opened the ceremony's intangible cultural heritage performances. Following this, arts such as Kunqu Opera and acrobatics were performed, providing the audience with a visual and auditory feast. During the event, walking through the streets and lanes of the Yaohu scenic area, visitors experienced an immersive feast of intangible cultural heritage, featuring hundreds of national and provincial representative projects from across the country, including various culinary arts, traditional operas, dances and handicrafts. 【译文欣赏】 活动重点关注文化遗产保护 第二届中国非物质文化遗产保护年会于周六在江苏省宜兴市尧湖镇拉开帷幕。 为期三天的活动包括论坛，聚集专家讨论更好的保护方法，为不同世代的遗产继承人举办沙龙，以及展示来自全国各地数百个相关项目的市场。 在活动开幕式上，发布了一本关于非物质文化遗产传播现状的书。本书基于来自不同地区、类别、传承人层次和遗产活动的互联网传播数据，总结了去年保护和传承非物质文化遗产的工作，并提出了进一步改进遗产推广工作的建议。 与此同时，来自内蒙古自治区首府呼和浩特的安达联盟乐团展示了喉唱技巧“呼麦”，并演奏了马头琴，拉开了仪式非物质文化遗产表演的序幕。随后，昆曲、杂技等艺术作品陆续上演，为观众呈现了一场视觉与听觉的盛宴。 活动期间，游客在瑶湖景区的大街小巷漫步，体验了一场身临其境的非物质文化遗产盛宴，其中包括来自全国各地的数百个国家和省级代表性项目，包括各种烹饪艺术、传统戏曲、舞蹈和手工业。 【词汇积累】 ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Annual Conference年会 Kick off 开始，发起 preservation 保存… Showcase v. 展示 Relevant adj. 相关的 Transmit v.传送，传播 Intangible Cultural Heritage非物质文化遗产无形文化遗产世界非物质文化遗产 opening ceremony开幕式 current state当前状态现状当前的状态电流状态当前状况 cultural heritage文化遗产 a visual and auditory feast 一场视觉与听觉的盛宴 【知识拓展】 7月20-22日，第二届中国非物质文化遗产保护年会在位于江苏省宜兴市的窑湖小镇举办。年会以“守正创新、赓续薪火”为主题，依托开幕式、非遗大集和年会论坛推出系列精彩内容，包括非遗项目展览、年度非遗保护成果发布、学术研讨等，向广大群众献上一场传统文化与新时代气息相结合的非遗盛宴。【词汇延伸】 The Inner Mongolia autonomous region内蒙古自治区 综合实战演练 （一） （2024·全国Ⅰ卷真题七选五）Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 1 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. 2 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. 3 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 4 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". 5 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A．I don't often use this dictionary. B．It takes no account of the context. C．But I still don't want to replace them. D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E．Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G．Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. ( 七选五 解题技巧 技巧一：从细节逻辑上判断——因果关系 在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。 技巧二：从细节逻辑上判断——转折关系 转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：However, nevertheless, nonetheless, still；though，yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever, whatever，on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise，not...but，as well等。 技巧三：从细节逻辑上判断——例证关系 前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。 技巧四：从细节逻辑上判断——递进关系 递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。 技巧 五 ：从词汇线索上判断——代词 英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。 ) ( 技巧 六 ：从词汇线索上判断——同义词/近义词 英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。 技巧 七 ：从词汇线索上判断——上下义词/同一范畴词 上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。 技巧 八 ：从试题位置上判断——问题在段首 假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。另外着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。 技巧 九 ：从试题位置上判断-——问题在段尾 所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。分析与前文是转折或是对比关系。 ) ( ① It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. 本句中differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical为现在分词做结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。 翻译： 它应该给你每个单词一个准确的定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。 ② In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. 本句中 picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence 为过去分词短语做后置定语修饰an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary. 翻译： 此外，我还有一本两卷本的《牛津短词典》，几年前在书店以 99 便士的价格买到。 ) ( submit v professionally adv present v tolerate v laptop n spellchecker n old-fashioned adj hard cover n ；precise adj definition n ；differentiate v identical adj two-volume adj ；combination n usage n influential adj ；illustrate v rewarding adj context n a great speller take the trouble to do sth reference books leaf through pick up（ idiomatic phrases cast your eye over sth take account of ) 【全文翻译】  并非所有伟大的作家都是伟大的拼写者。如果你想出版，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的。这意味着语法良好，没有拼写错误。没有一个编辑会容忍一个作家不不厌其烦地拼写单词。 我的桌子上放着两本参考书：字典和词库。我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。它不考虑上下文。当然，现在有很多在线词典和词库，但我已经足够老式了，更喜欢硬封面和可以用手指翻阅的页面。我使用简明牛津词典和柯林斯同义词库。 当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。它应该给你每个单词一个准确的定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。 此外，我还有一本两卷本的《牛津短词典》，几年前在书店以99便士的价格买到。当然，2672页的篇幅并不算短。它包含大约163000个单词，加上单词组合和惯用短语。我不常用这本字典。然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的起源或查找它的用法示例，没有什么比这更好的了。 一百多年来，最有影响力的英语词典是1755年出版的塞缪尔·约翰逊的《英语词典》。约翰逊写道：“制作字典是枯燥的工作。”他举例说明了“枯燥”的一个定义。但是读字典是一种乐趣。花几分钟的时间浏览一两页可能是一种有益的体验。 （二） （23-24高一下·河北张家口·期末）Are you guilty (内疚) of bad computer habits? You might not even realize it. 6 So you should break the following bad computer habits for a healthier digital life. Snacking at the screen 7 However, crumbs (碎屑) can damage your keyboard and become a suitable place for bacteria (细菌) to grow. Touching your skin after typing on a crumb-filled keyboard might as well harm your skin. Leaving the computer on around the clock Convenience often gets the better of protection, but leaving your PC or laptop on all the time can wear it down and waste electricity. 8 Your computer and your energy bill will thank you. Marathon gaming time Gaming can be an attractive hobby, with hours flying by as you’re addicted to the screen. However, over-gaming can lead to physical and mental stress, resulting in poor sleep, weakened immunity (免疫) , and even mental health issues. 9 After an hour of gaming, a 10-minute break can do wonders. Using public computers carelessly Saving passwords on your personal computer is acceptable, but doing the same on public computers is a no-no. It’s extremely easy for someone with tech to know how to get those passwords and access your personal information. Be extremely careful when using public computers. 10 So, in today’s world, where digital wellness is becoming increasingly important, let’s break bad habits and have a healthier, more mindful approach to our digital lives. A．Remember to take a rest B．Make it a habit to shut it down when you’re done for the day. C．Who doesn’t love eating snacks while looking through the web? D．However, some things you do daily can harm your tech and yourself. E．Don’t you know a little comfort now could lead to a big headache later? F．Always exit the computer and never save passwords on public machines G．It’s best to shut down your computer correctly to avoid any possible damage （三） （23-24高一下·陕西商洛·期末）Adapting to different cultures is an enriching journey that broadens our opinions and improves global understanding. Here are some steps to help you embrace (拥抱) cultural diversity.Admitting cultural differences Acknowledge and accept that each culture has its own way of life. Admit that no culture is superior or inferior; they are simply different. 11 .Seeking cultural understanding You should understand the fundamental aspects of the culture you come across. 12 . Engage in conversations with locals to gain insights into their daily lives and values. This approach will not only enrich your knowledge but also deepen your appreciation for the culture.Exploring local food Food is a window into a culture’s soul. Try the local cuisine to experience the diversity of flavors and cooking styles. 13 , each bite can offer a connection to the culture’s heritage (遗产).Sharing your own culture Remember, cultural adaptation is reciprocal (相应的). While you’re learning about others, you also have the chance to share stories and aspects of your own culture. 14 . In a word, adapting to different cultures is about embracing the diversity with an open heart and mind. 15 . By doing so, you can enrich your life with new viewpoints and experiences. A．Whether it’s seafood or dessert B．If you want to know some delicious food C．This exchange can improve understanding D．Learn about their history, traditions, and so on E．Language is a powerful tool for cultural adaptation F．It involves respect and a willingness to learn and share G．It helps set the stage for a positive attitude to new experiences （四） （23-24高一下·陕西汉中·期末）Interesting Eating Habits From Different Countries Among one of the joys of traveling abroad is the exposure to different types of cuisines. Here we provide some eating habits that could benefit you when traveling to a foreign country. Britain 16 In England, the term “dinner” can refer to the afternoon meal, or lunch as some of us know it. What we know as dinner is sometimes called tea or supper, depending on how late it is consumed. The most common time for tea is at four o’clock in the afternoon. Supper is generally a lighter meal taken later in the evening. China The use of chopsticks when eating Chinese cuisine is one that needs practice. To hold the chopsticks properly, first hold the first stick like a pencil, and the second stick between your thumb and your ring finger. 17 India It is pretty widely known that Indians traditionally eat with hands. 18 Many urban Indians today, whether living in India or not, maintain the practice of eating with their hands. Before settling down to begin your meal, make sure to wash your hands thoroughly first. Always eat with your right hand only. 19 Besides, make sure not to have any food touch your palms (手掌), and do not put your fingers into your mouth. Instead, use your fingers to push the food into your mouth. Japan In Japan, before sitting down to a meal, fresh hot towels are given to you to clean your hands. 20 It means “I’m going to start eating”. A．When your orders arrive, it is also polite to say the phrase “itadakimasu”. B．Let China’s food culture move toward the world. C．There, dinner may not be the dinner that you and I know. D．Eating with your left hand is considered disrespectful. E．In some countries, lunchtime often means soup time. F．Your middle finger should be in between the two chopsticks. G．However, this practice is not limited to traditional Indians only. （五） （23-24高一下·吉林白城·期末）What do the following places have in common: the Serengeti Desert, Edinburgh’s Old Town and the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve? The Serengeti Desert is in Tanzania and Kenya, Africa. It contains thousands of kilometers of dry grasslands and many rare kinds of animals. Edinburgh’s Old Town is in the capital city of Scotland. It has many old buildings and streets. There are very few new buildings in Edinburgh’s Old Town. The Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve is near Mexico City in Mexico. It has beautiful flowers and forests. It is also the home of millions of butterflies in the winter. These three places are very different. But they are all under special protection by UNESCO (联合国教科文组织). They are World Heritage Sites. The story of World Heritage Sites begins more than 3,000 years ago. At that time, the great king of Egypt built many temples. But after thousands of years, sand covered them. Stories tell of a young boy named Abu Simbel who found the temples. One day, Abu Simbel saw something under the sand. Soon, the ancient temples of Ramses Ⅱwere officially rediscovered. But they were not safe. The government of Egypt planned to build a dam on the Nile River. It would create a large lake, which would cover the temples in water. Many people did not want the temples destroyed. UNESCO agreed and raised 40 million dollars from around the world to save the temples. From 1964 to 1968, engineers took the temples apart in many pieces and rebuilt them hundreds of meters back from the Nile River. Today, they are called the Abu Simbel Temples, in memory of the young boy who first found them. The effort to save the Abu Simbel Temples was a success. So in 1972, UNESCO formed the World Heritage Committee, which protects places on the earth that are of great cultural or natural value. Any country in the world can ask for protection from UNESCO. The countries send a list of places to the World Heritage Committee. Once a year, the World Heritage Committee meets and votes on which places to protect. When they choose a place, it officially becomes a World Heritage Site. 21．What’s special about Edinburgh’s Old Town? A．It has no new buildings. B．It’s a World Heritage Site. C．It’s in the capital city of Scotland. D．It has the oldest streets in the world. 22．The young boy Abu Simbel . A．grew up to be a great engineer B．took part in building the temples C．lived in Egypt about 3,000 years ago D．was the first to discover the hidden temples 23．The last paragraph mainly deals with . A．how a World Heritage Site is chosen B．why the World Heritage Committee was formed C．how often the World Heritage Committee works D．why countries ask for protection from UNESCO （六） （23-24高一下·广东潮州·期中）As Christmas Eve approached, I found myself in New York City, far from my family and friends in Taiwan. I was feeling homesick and lonely, but my Jewish friend, Rachel, who, like me, doesn’t get connected with Christmas due to any religious things, invited me to join her for a dinner in a Chinese restaurant. She explained that it was a tradition for many Jewish people to celebrate this holiday by eating Chinese food on Christmas Eve. We went to Jing Fong, a fancy restaurant in Chinatown. The place was packed with people, and the atmosphere was lively and festive. We ordered a variety of dishes. Everything was delicious, and I felt grateful to be sharing this experience with Rachel. As we ate, we talked about our families and our cultures. We laughed and joked, and for a moment, I forgot about my homesickness. A moment later, a group of carolers (唱圣诞歌的人) came into the restaurant, singing Christmas songs. At first, I was puzzled. Why were they singing in a Chinese restaurant? But then I realized that this was part of the magic of New York City. People from all different cultures and backgrounds (背景) could come together and celebrate the holidays in their own way. Rachel and I joined in the singing, and soon the whole restaurant was filled with music. It was a beautiful moment, and I felt lucky to be part of it. What a night! I learned that even when you’re far from home, you can still find joy and connection with others. Rachel and I may come from different cultures, but we shared amazing food, joyful music, and most importantly heartfelt company. And that’s exactly what all the holidays are all about. 24．Why did Rachel invite the author to join her for dinner? A．To show respect to God B．To celebrate Christmas in the Jewish way C．To share stories about their families D．To forget about their homesickness 25．What was the author’s first reaction to the carolers? A．Fearful B．Joyful C．Disappointed D．Confused 26．How did the author want people to celebrate Christmas? A．By focusing on religious traditions B．By celebrating with family and friends C．By enjoying a variety of festive dishes D．By accepting various ways of celebration （七） （23-24高一下·广东广州·阶段练习）I was brought up in the British, stiff upper lip style. Strong feelings aren’t something you display in public. So, you can imagine that I was unprepared for the outpouring of public grief at a Chinese funeral. My editorial team leader died recently after a short illness. He was 31. The news was so unexpected that it left us all shocked and upset. A female colleague burst into tears and cried sadly at her desk. Somehow, we got through the day’s work. The next day was the funeral. Our big boss stepped forward to deliver a eulogy (悼词) and was soon in tears. She carried on, in Chinese of course, but at the end said in English: “There will be no more deadlines for you in heaven.” Next came a long-term colleague who also dissolved in tears but carried on with her speech despite being almost overcome by emotion. Then a close friend of the dead man paid tribute, weeping openly as he spoke. Sorrow is spreading. Men and women were now sobbing uncontrollably. Finally, the man’s mother, supported between two women, addressed her son in his coffin. She almost collapsed and had to be held up. We were invited to step forward to each lay a white rose on the casket. Our dead colleague looked as if he was taking a nap. At the end of the service I walked away from the funeral stunned at the outpouring of emotion. In the UK, families grieve privately and then try to hold it together and not break down at a funeral. Here in China it would seem that grieving is a public affair. It strikes me that it is more releasing to cry your eyes out than try to keep it bottled up for fear of embarrassment, which is what many of us do in the West. Afterwards, a Chinese colleague told me that the lamenting (哀悼) at the funeral had been restrained (克制) by Chinese standards. In some rural areas, she said, people used to be paid to mourn noisily. This struck me like something out of novel by Charles Dickens. But we have all seen on TV scenes of grief-stricken people in Gaza and the West Bank, in Afghanistan, Iraq and the relatives of victims of terrorist bombings around the world. Chinese grief is no different. I realized that it’s the reserved British way of mourning that is out of step with the rest of the world. 27．What does the underlined words “stiff upper lip style” mean? A．cold-blooded B．light-hearted C．self-controlled D．warm-hearted 28．What happened at the funeral? A．Five individuals made speeches. B．The writer was astonished by the scene. C．Everyone was crying out loudly. D．The boss’s speech was best thought of. 29．What can be implied from the passage? A．The English might cry noisily for the dead in Dickens’ time. B．Victims of terrorist bombings should be greatly honored. C．Chinese express their sadness quite unlike other peoples. D．English funeral culture is more civilized than the others. 30．What is the passage mainly about? A．An editor’s death. B．Funeral customs. C．Cultural differences. D．Western ways of grief. （八） （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress. On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride in their culture and means of coping with homesickness. Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes in the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes. We should embrace our heritage through our traditional food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such. 31．What’s the function of food mentioned in the article? A．To show national identity. B．To help motivate homesickness. C．To reflect a country’s history. D．To show a community’s superiority. 32．What does the underlined “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The national culture. B．The specific traditional food. C．A traditional expression of food. D．The old-fashioned taste. 33．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant? A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes. B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil. C．To present their own food culture in a new way. D．To make the dishes popular among customers. 34．What's the author’s attitude towards different food cultures? A．Negative. B．unfair. C．Positive. D．Opposed. 思维素养提升 Task 1 本单元的主题语境是“人与社会”，话题是“文化遗产”。全世界的文化遗产是人类文明的共同财富，我们应该在发展经济的同时平衡珍贵物质与非物质文化的保护关系。本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于保护文化遗产的文章。请选择一篇你感兴趣的阅读语篇，尝试用思维导图绘制出文章脉络吧！ Task 2 （22-23高一·全国·课后作业）最近，你班同学就“文物是否应该向公众开放”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语写一篇80词左右的短文介绍讨论的情况。 20%的同学反对 1.太多游客会破坏贵重文物，甚至完全摧毁文物 2.毫无疑问，为了赚取更多的钱，当地人会忽视对文物的保护 80%的同学支持 1.让人们了解中国的历史、传统文化、习俗和建筑风格，这是一种很好的方式 2.开放文物有利于当地旅游业的发展，为当地经济发展做贡献，提高当地人的生活水平 你的看法 …… ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $$