1.2 Unit 1 People of achievement Learning about Language(分层训练)-【大单元教学】高二英语同步备课系列（人教版2019选择性必修第一册）

Unit 1 People of achievement Period 2 Learning about Language 培优层级1——基础多维巩固 ●Ⅰ　单句语法填空 1．Those students ________ lack self­discipline may find their minds wandering when they are facing a screen rather than a teacher. 2．He likes the beautiful city, ________ he has lived for a long time. 3．The homeless man, ________ I thought did not buy himself anything to eat, went back into the store. 4．Mr. Smith, ________ native language is English, can speak Chinese fluently. 5．When western people talk about the cities of China, the first of ________ comes to their minds is Beijing. 6．The children, ________ wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained. 7．I have invited some friends to the party, most of ________ have obtained support from the club. 8．The number of smokers, ________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 9．He worked in a car factory for four years, after ________he founded his own company in his hometown. 10．They thanked Tom, without ________ support they would not have succeeded. 11．These new neighbors, to ________ I was introduced yesterday, have come here from Beijing. 12．A young man had a new girl friend, ________ he wanted to make impressions on. 13．China, ________ was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 14．The reason ________ I love western music is that the piece of music named Fate Symphony by Beethoven has inspired me to move on when I am in trouble. 15．Last month, an English festival was held in our school, and our class performed a song ________ you taught us. ●Ⅱ 语法与写作 1．我们都知道， 定期散步对我们的健康有很大的好处。 ________， walking regularly does a lot of good to our health. 2．她是第三次赢得比赛了， 这让我们都很吃惊。 It is the third time that she has won the race, ________________________． 3．他们住在一座高楼里， 在楼的前面矗立着一棵大树。 They lived in a tall building, ________________________________． 4．我最尊敬的人是我的物理老师。 The person ____________ is my physics teacher. 5．他是个有丰富经验的人， 从他那里我们能学到很多。 He is a man of great experience, ________________________________． ●Ⅲ 语法填空 Yuan Longping, 1.________ was globally famous for developing the first hybrid rice strains, passed away on May 22, 2021. As the “father of hybrid rice”， Yuan had devoted his life to the research of hybrid rice, which helped China feed nearly one­fifth of the world's population with 2.________ (little) than 9 percent of the world's total land. Yuan Longping was born into a poor family in 1930. As a boy he 3.________ (educate) in many schools and was given the nickname, “the student who asks questions”. From an early age he was so 4.________ (interest) in plants that he chose 5.________ (study) agriculture in college and graduated 6.________ Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. As a 7.________ (youth) teacher, he conducted a lot of experiments with different types of rice, and finally cultivated (培育) a special species of rice plant that could give a higher yield than either of the original plants. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. When 8.________ (ask) about his dream, he said that he wanted to cultivate rice as plump (饱满的) 9.________ peanuts, and farmers can relax in the cool shadow of big rice plants. We 10.________ (memorize) him for his contributions forever. 培优层级2 ——多维训练提能 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A I remember a basketball game on our home­court at Senn High School in Chicago. The kids from my school，began booing (向……喝倒彩) the visiting team. After a minute or two, Senn's coach, Cap Leighton instructed us that booing the other team was impolite and therefore unacceptable, and it needed to stop immediately. Such was Coach Leighton's authority that it did stop，straightaway. For the rest of the game we restricted ourselves to cheering on our own team. How many people remember sportsmanship? I remember it and now think of it chiefly as something missing from contemporary sports. Sportsmanship was once central to tennis. The famous players, such as the great Australian generation of Rod Laver, Ken Rosewall, and John Newcombe, set an example for us. Harry Hopman, the Australian Davis Cup coach between 1939 and 1967, might send a player home for saying dirty words on the court. However, some players dealt a blow to sportsmanship with their bad behavior on the court in the name of heightened competitiveness. And it's rude of me perhaps to point this out on the weekend of the Super Bowl, but no sport has become more bereft (丧失的) of sportsmanship than football generally and professional football in particular. There is what is sometimes referred to as the 12th man in football. This 12th man is the home crowd who begin a burst of uninterrupted screaming when the visiting team has the ball, so that its quarterback can't hear instructions from the sidelines and his teammates can't hear his signal calling at the line of mixed fight. Sportsmanship matters because without it sports are an empty proposition (命题). Sportsmanship implies respect—for the game, for your opponent and for yourself. A great part of the justification (理由) for sports is that it's a forcing­house for building character. Accepting defeat with grace is one of sportsmanship's character­building components. Without sportsmanship, sports are little more than grown men playing children's games. 1．How does the author introduce the topic in the text? A．By listing some evidence. B．By presenting an argument. C．By comparing different views. D．By recalling his past experience. 2．The players and the coach are mentioned in Paragraph 2 to show ________． A．they fully practiced sportsmanship B．they advertised Australian Davis Cup C．tennis players had to obey strict rules D．tennis was an influential sport in Australia 3．Which sport valued sportsmanship the least according to the author? A．Basketball. B．Tennis. C．Football. D．Baseball. 4．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A．To encourage us to accept defeat bravely. B．To appeal to us to live up to sportsmanship. C．To call on us to seek ways to encourage sportsmanship. D．To advise us to explore the components of sportsmanship. B Mary Anning was an English fossil collector, dealer and paleontologist (古生物学家). Her fossil­hunting helped change the way people thought about the world. Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21，1799. She lived in the seaside town of Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Mary's father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was too poor. And schools did not teach children about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She learned about rocks and how bodies are made. In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossil, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very carefully she uncovered it. She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur (鱼龙). Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils. Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog, Tray. Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. One good friend was William Buckland, a professor at Oxford University. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors. Mary Anning died in 1847. How evolution (进化)works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Mary died. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began. 5．Why did Mary's father take his children along the beach? A．To enjoy life. B．To make a living. C．To look for fossils. D．To teach them about fossils. 6．What can we learn about Mary? A．Her father was a paleontologist. B．Her father educated her at home. C．She had nine brothers and sisters in all. D．She might be popular at that time. 7．Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil? A．Charles Darwin. B．Mary's dog. C．Mary. D．Joseph. 8．What does the underlined word “crumble” in the fourth paragraph mean? A．break B．shake C．float D．dive Ⅱ.七选五 During the recent COVID­19 breakout, grown­ups themselves are surely having a hard time maintaining social distancing, let alone making sure their “little ones” are also safe. __1__ So, how can parents let children understand what social distancing means and how important it is? Here are some tips that might turn out helpful. •Read educational children's books to your little ones. This is a great way to introduce the topic to young ones without making it seem too serious. __2__ You can remind your kids that social distancing is similar to standing back when an ambulance or fire truck goes by. •__3__ Tell your young children that they're superheroes and that they can “save” the world by keeping their distance from the people around them. To make the game more appealing, offer points and rewards for your child's actions. For instance, you can give your kid a “point” for sneezing into their elbow, or running to avoid someone on the street. •Encourage younger kids by turning face masks into something fun. You can purchase fun­looking cloth masks that your kids will really enjoy wearing. This can help your children really look forward to staying safe when they go outside. __4__ •Explain social distancing in more details to older kids. Chances are that your grade school children won't be as interested in games and stories that explain the basics of social distancing. __5__ You can say something like：“COVID­19 is kind of like a cold, and it spreads really easily from person to person. When we stand apart from other people and keep our distance, we lower the risk of getting sick, as well as spreading the virus to anyone else.” A．Older kids can understand you better. B．Connect social distancing to your kids' dreams. C．Turn social distancing into a game for really little kids. D．Teenagers would love to watch some educational videos. E．For instance, you can get a mask with a dinosaur design. F．Remember to explain with the things they are already familiar with. G．Most parents complain that their children don't pay much attention to it. Ⅲ.完形填空 When things around the house stop working, people probably just throw them away. There are many __1__ for this trend. In some areas, it's difficult to find people who can make repairs, and __2__ things can be expensive. Also, some small appliances are so cheap that it's easier to __3__ buy a new one. Martine Postma decided there must be a better way. Her __4__ was Repair Cafés：places where people can take damaged or torn items. There they will find tools, __5__ and volunteer experts to help with repairs. Postma's first Repair Café opened in 2009 and was a huge __6__. News of the café spread, and people began asking how they could __7__ their own. In 2011, Postma established the Repair Café Foundation. This __8__ organization provides guidance to those hoping to begin their own neighborhood repair group. Today, there are roughly 2，000 Repair cafés around the world. Everything is free, but donations are greatly __9__. The cafés not only provide help with repairs, they also __10__ community ties. Postma has often heard visitors say, “This is the kind of world I want to __11__！” In addition, valuable __12__ is passed along and preserved. In an interview, Postma described how __13__ it is watching people who really want to help one another. Postma summed up the __14__ of Repair Cafés best in the following words：“Everyone is a/an __15__ and a receiver.” 1．A.benefits B．Chances C．reasons D．goals 2．A.throwing B．Buying C．making D．fixing 3．A.just B．Even C．ever D．seldom 4．A.achiev ement B．Solution C．curiosity D．result 5．A.resources B．Money C．chances D．rooms 6．A.luck B．Fame C．success D．attempt 7．A.buy B．Start C．make D．find 8．A.nonprofit B．Business C．culture D．chain 9．A.responded B．Suggested C．appreciated D．refused 10．A.test B．Strengthen C．build D．earn 11．A.praise B．pass by C．live in D．discover 12．A.knowledge B．Lesson C．habit D．instruction 13．A.exciting B．Tiring C．surprising D．embarrassing 14．A.custom B．Mission C．journey D．experience 15．A.host B．Owner C．organizer D．giver [答案] 1 1．who　2.where　3.who　4.whose　5.which　6.who　 7．whom　8.as　9.which　10.whose　11.whom　12.whom 13．which　14.why　15.which/that 2. 1．As we all know 2．which has surprised us all 3．in front of which stood a big tree 4．(whom) I respect most 5．from whom we can learn much 1. 3. 1.Who 2. less 3. was educated 4. interested 5. to study 6. From 7. young 8. asked 9. as 10. will memorize 层级二　主题阅读训练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者认为体育精神作为体育运动的重要元素，在现在的大型赛事中正逐渐缺失，因而呼吁大家要践行体育精神。 1．答案与解析：D　写作手法题。根据第一段第一句中的“I remember a basketball game on our home-court...”可知，作者通过回忆自己高中时的经历引出文章的主题。 2．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Sportsmanship was once central to tennis...might send a player home for saying dirty words on the court.”可知，这些球员和教练完全践行了体育精神。 3．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段的“...but no sport has become more bereft (丧失的) of sportsmanship than football generally...”可知，作者认为足球运动最缺乏体育精神。 4．答案与解析：B　写作意图题。文章最后一段主要告诉我们体育精神在体育赛事中很重要，因而呼吁大家要践行体育精神。 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇人物传记。短文叙述了英国化石收藏家、商人和古生物学家玛丽·安宁的故事。 5．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。由第二段“Mary was born into a poor family...visitors.”可知， 1799年5月21日， 玛丽出生于英国一个贫穷的家庭。玛丽的父亲经常带着他的孩子们沿着海滩走。他们捡贝壳和石头卖给游客。所以玛丽的父亲带孩子们去海边是为了谋生。 6．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Scientists wrote...visitors”可知， 科学家写信要来拜访她。玛丽还开了一家商店出售化石、石头和贝壳且与到访的游客聊一些关于化石的信息。由此可判断出， 在那个时候她很有名， 很受欢迎。 7．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。由第三段“In 1811 when Mary and Joseph...rock.”可知， 1811年， 当玛丽和约瑟夫在寻找化石时， 约瑟夫看到一根骨头从岩石中伸出来了。所以约瑟夫是第一个看到含有第一个完整鱼龙化石的人。 8．答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。由第四段“She liked to hunt...fossils.”可知， 暴风雨过后她喜欢在海滩上寻找化石。风、雨、浪使岩石变得碎裂。很容易发现化石。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出第四段加下划线的单词是“破裂”break的意思。 Ⅱ.七选五 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在疫情下，父母如何让孩子理解社交距离的含义以及它的重要性。 1．答案与解析：G　根据空格前一句可知，在疫情下，成年人和他们的孩子都很难保持社交距离。然后再结合空格后一句“So, how can parents let children understand what social distancing means and how important it is？”提到父母应该让孩子了解到保持社交距离的重要性。由此推知，本空应该讲述孩子们并不知道要保持社交距离。G项正好陈述这一现状。 2．答案与解析：F　根据空格前一句“This is a great way to introduce the topic to young ones without making it seem too serious.”以及空格后一句“You can remind your kids that social distancing is similar to standing back when an ambulance or fire truck goes by.”可知，此空应该陈述如何教会孩子认识到社会距离。F项Remember to explain with the things they are already familiar with(记住用他们已经熟悉的东西来解释)就是这种方法。 3．答案与解析：C　根据本段的“To make the game more appealing, offer points and rewards for your child's actions.”可知，本段主要讲述了把社交距离变成游戏，这样小孩子才能参与其中。C项Turn social distancing into a game for really little kids(把社交距离变成小孩子的游戏)满足本段主旨。 4．答案与解析：E　根据本段前两句“Encourage younger kids by turning face masks into something fun. You can purchase fun-looking cloth masks that your kids will really enjoy wearing.”可知，本段讲述了让小孩子喜欢戴口罩的方法。E项就是让小孩子喜欢戴口罩的方法。 5．答案与解析：A　根据本段第一句“Explain social distancing in more details to older kids”可知，本段主要讲述向大一点的孩子详细解释社交距离。再结合空格前一句“Chances are that your grade school children won't be as interested in games and stories that explain the basics of social distancing.”可知，大孩子们已经对故事和游戏不感兴趣了。由此推知，此空应该讲述大孩子们能够真正理解你想要表达的意思。A项承接上文。 Ⅲ.完形填空 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Martine Postma开了一家维修咖啡馆，免费为需要维修物品的人们提供工具物资等，这样的方式有效的加深了社区间的联系。 1．答案与解析：C　句意：这种趋势有很多原因。根据后文可知，多种原因造就了前文所述的“当家里东西不能用时，就直接扔掉”这样的情况。 2．答案与解析：D　句意：在一些地区，很难找到会修理的人，而且修理费可能很贵。根据前半句中的提示“make repairs”可知，此处表示“维修” 起来很贵。 3．答案与解析：A　句意：此外，一些小家电非常便宜，买一台新的简单多了。根据“Also, some small appliances are so cheap ”可知，小家电很便宜，损坏后直接买新的更方便。 4．答案与解析：B　句意：她的解决方法是维修咖啡馆：人们可以将损坏或破损物品带去的地方。根据前文提示词“a better way”可知，此处指Postma想到的方法。 5．答案与解析：A　句意：在那里，他们能找到工具、资源和志愿的维修行家来帮助修理。根据后文的“help with repairs”可知，他们能找到工具、资源和志愿的维修行家来帮助修理。 6．答案与解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：Postma的第一家维修咖啡馆于2009年开业，取得了巨大成功。根据后文“News of the café spread”可知，这个维修咖啡馆开得很成功。 7．答案与解析：B　句意：这家咖啡馆的消息传开了，人们开始问他们怎样才能自己开维修咖啡馆。根据后文“those hoping to begin their own neighborhood repair group”中的提示词begin可知，此处表示“开办”。 8．答案与解析：A　句意：这个非营利组织为那些希望成立自己的社区修复组织的人提供指导。A.nonprofit非盈利的；B.business商业；C.culture文化；D.chain连锁。根据后文“Everything is free”可知，这是一个非盈利组织。 9．答案与解析：C　句意：一切都是免费的，但也非常感谢捐赠。根据but可知，什么都是免费的，但是如果捐赠的话，也十分感谢。 10．答案与解析：B　句意：咖啡馆不仅提供维修服务，还加强了社区联系。根据后文访客的话可知，咖啡馆加深了社区间的关系。 11．答案与解析：C　句意：这就是我想要生活的世界！根据前文可知咖啡馆加深了社区人们之间的联系，这正是人人想居住的社区环境。 12．答案与解析：A　句意：此外，有价值的知识也被传递和保存。根据“passed along and preserved”可知，“knowledge知识”符合句意。 13．答案与解析：A　句意：在一次采访中，Postma描述了看到人们真正的互相帮助是多么地令人激动。 根据后文可知，Postma看到大家真诚地互相帮助，感到很激动。 14．答案与解析：B　句意：Postma用下面的话总结了维修咖啡馆的使命：“每个人都是给予者和接受者。”。根据后文“每个人都是给予者和接受者”可知，付出与回报是维修咖啡馆的使命。 15．答案与解析：D　句意：Postma用下面的话总结了维修咖啡馆的使命：“每个人都是给予者和接受者。”。根据提示词receiver可知，“给予者”符合句意。 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ “高中英语单元教学精品课程”课时作业设计单 基本信息 单元名称 People of achievement 年级 高二年级 学期 秋季 课时题目 Learning about Language 作业目标 通过基础性作业检测学生是否能在语境中正确辨别词义并进一步运用话题词汇。 通过提高类作业进一步检验学生对语法项目的在语境中的运用，检验学生是否能运用关键语法项目评价成功人士的品质。 作业设计 精选题目 设计意图 基础巩固（必做题建议10分钟完成） 1. 单句语法填空 1.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation.This is quite important,because it is directly related to your ________ (commit).  2.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Her years of hard work have finally been ___________ (acknowledge)after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.  3.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyse your short and long term __________(objective),keeping in mind your beliefs,values and strengths.  4.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Your personal ___________(circumstance) are equally important.  5.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr.Prinstein􀆳s studies show unpleasant ________(consequence).  6.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)But he insists ________ us eating healthy food.  7.(2020·山东新高考)The objective of most speeches is ________(benefit) the audience.  8.(2020·浙江)I couldn’t see Don,but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, _________ (apparent)unhurt,and dashed back to me.  通过单句语法填空，检验学生对话题词汇的学习情况，并检测学生是否能在语境中使用正确的形式。 综合运用（必做题，建议10分钟间完成） 2. Choose the words in the box to complete the sentences. (P62 Activity1) 1.Some people always talk loudly in public, ________ is really annoying. 2.Mr Smith,________ you spoke to, is our new professor. 3.Please come back at four o’clock,___________ your herbal medicine will be ready. 4.What do you want to write about these people,________ stories I have just told you? 5.Have you been to the Louvre Museum, ________you can see the Mona Lisa on display? 6. There are 45 students in our class, out ______ ________ only 10 are taking an optional art course. 7. Her mother works in a company, _______ employees are all women. 8. It is vital to learn to use these software programmes, both of ________ can help you with collection and evaluation. 在语境中综合运用正确的关系代词完成句子，巩固非限定性定语从句的使用。 拓展提升（每个任务建议10分钟时间完成） 3. Write a few sentences about some great people with the information below. Use relative clauses. Song Qing ling : Dr Sun Yat-sen's wife; one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history; devoted her life to improving the welfare of women and children Neil Armstrong:The first man to land on the moon in July 1969; "That's a small step for (a) man, one giant leap for mankind Norman Bethune: Came to China in World War ll; worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese people Lu Xun: a leading figure of modern Chinese literature; Lu Xun Literary Prize-one of China's top four literary prizes, awarded every three years Joan of Arc: a girl dressed as a man; went to fight for her country; helped drive the English invaders out of France 四、写作 描述你最喜爱的人，其中至少包括四个定语从句______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 用非限定性定语从句梳理伟人的品质与事迹，提炼单元主题意义，并感受非限定性定语从句在具体语境中的应用。 针对不同话题的阐述，结合自己对课文内涵的合理推理，并有理有据地表达自己的观点，检验学生对文章内涵的理解，对伟人或钦佩的人的品质探究。 作业展示与评估 1.展示要求：以图片形式展示学生所完成的典型作业，图片内容清晰，布局均衡、排版合理。 2.教师评估：鼓励单元作业设计者展示对学生作业的多元化评价，例如通过引进师生对评、生生互评等丰富教师对学生作业的评价维度和角度，实现教师对学情的精准把握，为进一步完善教学设计进行创新性探索。 【答案】 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.commitment　2.acknowledged　3.objectives　4.circumstances　5.consequences　6.on　7.to benefit　8.apparently 2. I Choose the words in the box to complete the sentences. (P62 Activity1) 1. which 2. whom/who 3. when 4. whose 5. where/in which 6. of whom 7. in which/where 8. of which 3. Write a few sentences about some great people with the information below. Use relative clauses. Song Qingling, who was Dr Sun Yatsen's wife and one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history, devoted her life to improving the welfare of women and children. Neil Armstrong, who was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969, said, "That's a small step for (a) man, one giant leap for mankind." Norman Bethune, who came to China in World War II, worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese people. Lu Xun was a leading figure of modern Chinese literature. Lu Xun Literary Prize, which is one of China's top four literary prizes, is awarded every three years. Joan of Arc, who was a girl dressed as man, went to fight for her country. She helped drive the English invaders out of France. 四、写作、（略） ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$