精品解析：北京市通州区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷

通州区 2023—2024学年第二学期高二年级期末质量检测 英语试卷 本试卷共10页，共 100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节 完形填空(共 10小题;每小题1.5分，共 15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was ___1___ on the road after delivering to one of his customers. Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. As he got ___2___, he found another vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he___3___ flames shooting out from under the damaged vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and got hold of the fire extinguisher (灭火器). After many bursts from the extinguisher, the fire was___4___ put out. The man who had his bright lights on ___5___ and told Larry he had made an emergency call. Just at that time, they heard a woman’s ___6___ coming from the wrecked vehicle. ___7___ the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay ___8___ until the emergency personnel arrived, but she thought the car was going to explode. Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move in case she injured her neck. Larry stayed there with the woman until ___9___ workers came for help. One thing is for certain — Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His ___10___ most likely saved the woman’s life. 1. A. walking B. touring C. driving D. rushing 2. A. higher B. closer C. shorter D. older 3. A. felt B. heard C. noticed D. smelt 4. A. basically B. carefully C. accidently D. finally 5. A. came in B. came over C. came down D. came through 6. A. voice B. song C. laughter D. noise 7. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching 8. A. quiet B. silent C. awake D. still 9. A. research B. service C. rescue D. office 10. A. efforts B. skills C. patience D. promise 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题 1.5分，共 15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Kite flying is popular around China. It is known as zhiyuan, as kites are made of paper and when they fly, they are like eagles. Kites ___11___ (use) for military purpose in the beginning. Later kite flying gradually became a very popular recreational activity. In the past, people ___12___ (fasten) a bamboo-made whistle onto a kite. While flying through the wind, it made sound like the music ___13___ (produce) by guzheng, a traditional Chinese music al instrument. Therefore, it has its modern name as fengzheng. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 World Animal Day was proposed by the Italian monk St Fransis in 12th century. He lived in the forests of Assisi Island for long time, ___14___(build) a good relationship with the animals. ___15___ he did set a good example far our human beings. When the big day comes, people from all over the world ___16___ (hold) various activities to celebrate it. The aim of the festival is to remind people to care for all animals and build a harmonious relationship with them. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Shark attacks can be deadly, ___17___ they are not common. Each year, sharks usually kill fewer than 10 people worldwide, and about 100 people are injured. You are more likely to be attacked in parts of the sea ___18___ tourists throw in food to bring in sharks. However, people are ___19___ (danger) to sharks, too. 60 million sharks are killed for food and medicine every year. As a result, seme kinds of sharks may die out completely. ____20____ (protect) these wonderful animals, some countries have made programs to help them survive. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第六节(共 14小题;每小题2分，共 28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑， A Enjoy a museum visit with your class! Available Programs: Art Tells a Story: By looking at the subject matter and by drawing from personal experiences, students can find the story in some works of art. (All grades) Learning to Look: An interactive (互动的) tour that explores a variety of art using storytelling, movements, music, games, and other techniques helps introduce a museum to children. (Preschool — Grade 3) Native American Collection: This program explores relationships that exist between art, culture, the geographic location and natural resources. Students will see a bowl made by Maria Martinez, a Town storyteller, a Northwest coast mask, and Inuit clothing. (For Grade 2 — 5) The Language of Art: Classes are welcomed into the museum to take part in an interactive tour of American Art. It gives participants a set of vocabulary words while helping them feel comfortable. Art-on-the-Move: Teachers may borrow suitcases filled with art objects. Free for organizations with Education Membership. Planning Your Visit: Booking: Booking is necessary for all tour and programs. Please book at least a week in advance. Teachers are encouraged to organize self-guided visits for their classes during public hours. Tour Hours: Tours can be organized between 9:30 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. on weekdays. Program Fees: Tours are free for those with Education Membership. There is a charge of $6 per student of non-member organizations. Tours with art activities cost $12 per student (non-members) or $ 10 per student (members). Chaperones (保护人): We require one adult chaperone for every 10 children. Chaperones help to make your museum visit a success. A chaperone must pay $5 admission. Lunch: We regret that no lunch facilities are available at the museum. Museum Rules: Don’t touch works of art. Don’t take photographs. Ask questions. Look, and then LOOK again. Enjoy! 21. If teachers want their students to learn about what a museum is, they will choose _______. A. Art Tells a Story B. Learning to Look C. The Language of Art D. Native American Collection 22. Why does the museum feel sorry? A. Taking photos is not allowed at the museum. B. Lunch service is not provided at the museum. C. Visitors can’t touch works of art at the museum. D. Visitors can’t take part in all the activities at a time. 23. In which section of the newspaper does the text most probably appear? A. Health. B. News. C. Environment. D. Advertisement. B My birth was a little more dramatic than the standard way a baby enters the world. I was born missing my left hand. Indeed, my limb (手臂) difference could have been a disaster if it hadn’t been for what happened next. A nurse placed me in my mother’s arms and instructed, “You will take her home. You will love her and treat her as normal.” That is exactly what happened. I played sports acted in theater, excelled in school and had playdates with friends. While I did get some stares and “polite” questions about my disability, I was lucky because I wasn’t made fun of for it. However, that fact that I was different hit me hard my first day of high school. I was 13, an age when kids are already very self-conscious and the need to fit in is intensified. I remember one of the other kids on the school bus stared just a little too long at my left arm. I felt a sudden urge to hide my hand, so I slipped it into my pocket. I told myself that I’d just hide it that one day, while I was trying to make friends. But one day of hiding turned into a week, a month, and years — 25 of them to be exact. When I was 38 years old, tired of hiding and lonely, I met someone special and invited him in. The combination of me finally feeling ready to unhide and his willingness to go through the unhiding process with me was exactly what I needed. For the first time in my life, I allowed someone to really hold my limb, look at it, touch it, love it — love me. I saw my limb difference as something unique about me, something that should be shown, not hidden. It was a transformational experience, and I learned to love me too. It changed how I lived my entire life and made me happier. I also discovered and joined the Lucky Fin Project, an organisation devoted to people with all types of disabilities. Hiding things, especially from loved ones, is tiring and lonely, and it prevents us from getting help and support. It’s time to change that. 24. What was the author’s childhood like? A. She had no social interactions with friends. B. She was raised with care and treated normally. C. She faced some challenges in school activities. D. She was upset about the attention to her difference. 25. What happened to the author when she was 13 years old? A. She began to ignore her disability. B. She suffered prejudice from some kids. C. She started hiding herself away from friends. D. She became sensitive due to her self-awareness. 26. How did the author change when she stopped hiding? A. She started to open up and be herself. B. She met someone who cured her disability. C. She was fed up with the company of others. D She reduced involvement in the disability group. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Misfortune is a good teacher. B. Disability is not a barrier to success. C. Self-acceptance can lead to self-love. D. Nothing beats the feeling of being loved. C Chinese scientists say they have developed a robotic fish that can remove microplastic particles from water environments. Researchers working on the project say the robots could help to clean up plastic pollution in oceans around the world. The robotic swimmers are about 1.3 centimeters long. They are made of a soft chemical Compound. The robots are designed to absorb microplastics while moving through the water. The project was launched by a team at Sichuan University in southwestern China. The researchers said the robots have already performed well in shallow water and they plan to carry out more tests in deeper waters. The scientists reported their findings in a new study in Nano Letters. The publication comes from the American Chemical Society, a nonprofit organization supported by the U.S. Congress. The robotic fish were built to target microplastic particles, which are smaller than five millimeters. Studies have confirmed that microplastic pollution has been discovered in many natural environments. The material comes from the breakdown of manufactured plastic products and industrial waste. The team said the robots can be controlled by light. Turning “a near-infrared light laser” on and off causes the fish’s tail to move back and forth the American Chemical Society said. The robotic fish can swim up to 2.76 body lengths per second. The researchers said this is faster than most similar soft robots. Wang Yuyan was a member of Sichuan University’s research team. She told Reuters news agency that the small, lightweight robot is currently being used to collect microplastics for research purposes. But Wang added that the team plans to expand that use so the robot fish can remove larger amounts of microplastic waste from deep ocean areas. The fish can take in different kinds of microplastics and even repair itself when damaged, the researchers said. And if a robot fish is accidentally eaten by a real fish, it can safely digest the material, the team added. Wang said similar robots could be developed to be placed inside the human body to remove unwanted materials or diseases. 28. Why has a robotic fish been created? A. To remove disease in people. B. To clean up pollution in oceans. C. To remove unwanted materials in body. D. To remove microplastic particles in water. 29. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The purpose of the robotic fish. B. The function of the robotic fish, C. A further introduction of the robotic fish. D. Potential application of the robotic fish. 30. What will happen to the robotic fish when eaten by a real fish? A. It will be harmless. B. It will repair itself. C. It will take in microplastics. D. It will collect microplastics. 31. What is Wang Yuyan’s attitude to the future use of the robotic fish? A. Pessimistic. B. Positive. C. Unclear. D. Suspicious. D We’ve all heard it before: to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3:45 am, Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3:30 am and Richard Branson at 5:45 am — and, as we know, “The early bird catches the worm.” Indeed, it may be true that those who get up early have a jump start on the day before others are even out of bed. But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it’s a trait (特征) most of them share? And if the idea of having exercised, eaten breakfast, and done one task before 8 am makes you want to sleep in until next Saturday, does it mean you’ll have a less successful life? For about half of us, this isn’t really an issue. It’s estimated that some 50% of the population isn’t really morning-oriented or evening-oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Roughly one in four of us, though, tend more toward bright-eyed early risers, and another one in four are night owls. For them, the effect can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10 pm or being regularly late for work. Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self-directed and agreeable. And compared to night owls, they are less likely to be depressed, drink or smoke. Although morning types may achieve more academically, night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Night-time people are also more open and more creative. And one study shows that night owls are as healthy and wise as morning-types, and a little bit wealthier. Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material? Don’t set your alarm for 5 am just, yet, as it turns out, changing your sleep times may not have much effect. “If people are left to their naturally preferred times, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader,” says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulf. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin (褪黑激素). “Then, you disrupt (扰乱) it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative, physiological consequences,” Wulff says, like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose (葡萄糖) which can cause weight gain. 32. What does the author do in Pargraph 2? A. Analysing the problem. B. Challenging a viewpoint. C. Providing supporting proofs. D. Presenting author’s viewpoint. 33. Which of the following does Katharina Wulff support? A. Stop setting your alarm for 5 am. B. Better not change your sleep times. C. Avoid being regularly late for work. D. Don’t fall asleep in front of the TV. 34. Why does the author write this article? A. To explain why some people are more successful. B. To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late. C. To argue against the view that the early bird catches the worm. D. To compare the differences between early risers and night owls. 第二节(共 5小题;每小题2分，共 10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Science fiction writers create imaginary worlds. ___35___ So it’s important for you to be familiar with the scientific principles and inventions that are related to your creation. For example, if you’re writing about human living on a planet with zero gravity, then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body. Then you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds. And you have to follow them. If humans are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1, your character can’t drown in a swimming pool in Chapter 3. ___36___ That means the reader is willing to pretend along with you. If you start out with an ordinary detective novel and then throw in someone breathing underwater in the 6th chapter, you will pull the readers out of their imagination. ___37___ Part of your preparatory work for the novel is to map out its worlds in great detail. You should decide the following issues: the history of the world, the geography, what possibilities it offers, how everything works in this new reality, and how all of these factors affect the way your characters think, feel, and react to things. You don’t have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter. ___38___ This also allows you to work out logical problems and contradictions before you start writing. ___39___ You are inviting readers to visit a new world. They will want to be able to see, hear, feel, smell and even taste what it’s like. Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet, help your readers feel like they’re actually there. A. The issue here is maintaining your readers’ trust. B. Your characters must be based on imagination only. C. When you are writing, remember to make it feel real. D. Instead, you only need to follow the rules all the way. E. The same thing happens if you change the rules halfway. F. But you have to let readers know enough to understand what’s going on. G. The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science. 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各 2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分) 阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，完成对该问题的回答。 Exercise plays a very important role in a healthy lifestyle. But you may not have time or money to go to a gym on a regular basis. The good news is that today’s technology lets you access fitness classes from the comfort of your home. A quick Internet search will turn up thousands of online fitness classes. These classes let you listen to instructions and watch trainers demonstrate how to do exercises. You can watch videos on your phone, computer or tablet and do the exercises right where you are. All you need is an Internet connection and a space large enough to move around in. Online fitness classes take a wide variety of forms. Some focus on stretches and slow movements. Other classes involve fast aerobic activity while others build muscle strength. Some require equipment such as weights, but others use only your body. This means that you can choose the class you like. And you can try a different one whenever you like. Some virtual fitness classes require a membership fee, but some are completely free. Anyone can post a fitness video on the Internet. Not everyone knows what they are doing. So it is important to think about who is teaching the class. Try to find trainers who are certified by an organization with a good reputation. I tried some virtual fitness classes several years ago. The reason was simple: convenience. I could do a fitness class at any time of day. I didn’t need to travel to a gym and back, which saved me a lot of time. But being able to work out any time meant I kept putting it off. I’d do everything else first and then the day would be over. I’d never actually get around to exercising. Having to exercise at a definite time means I have to put it on my schedule. So for me, scheduled classes such as those at a gym are helpful. 40. What do people need to have virtual fitness classes? 41. What is the author’s suggestion about choosing an instructor while having virtual fitness classes? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ·The author thinks virtual fitness classes are of great convenience and save a lot of time, so he takes virtual fitness classes on a regular basis. 43. Do you think virtual fitness classes will become a trend for young people? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 第二节(20分) 44. 假如你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim发邮件告诉你他在学校原创诗歌比赛（Original Poetry Competition）中获得一等奖，并分享了他的获奖诗歌。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 表达祝贺； 2. 评价获奖诗歌。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 通州区 2023—2024学年第二学期高二年级期末质量检测 英语试卷 本试卷共10页，共 100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节 完形填空(共 10小题;每小题1.5分，共 15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was ___1___ on the road after delivering to one of his customers. Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. As he got ___2___, he found another vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he___3___ flames shooting out from under the damaged vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and got hold of the fire extinguisher (灭火器). After many bursts from the extinguisher, the fire was___4___ put out. The man who had his bright lights on ___5___ and told Larry he had made an emergency call. Just at that time, they heard a woman’s ___6___ coming from the wrecked vehicle. ___7___ the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay ___8___ until the emergency personnel arrived, but she thought the car was going to explode. Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move in case she injured her neck. Larry stayed there with the woman until ___9___ workers came for help One thing is for certain — Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His ___10___ most likely saved the woman’s life. 1. A. walking B. touring C. driving D. rushing 2. A. higher B. closer C. shorter D. older 3. A. felt B. heard C. noticed D. smelt 4. A. basically B. carefully C. accidently D. finally 5. A. came in B. came over C. came down D. came through 6. A. voice B. song C. laughter D. noise 7. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching 8. A. quiet B. silent C. awake D. still 9. A. research B. service C. rescue D. office 10. A. efforts B. skills C. patience D. promise 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了司机拉里在途中遇到交通事故，勇敢地采取行动，使用灭火器扑灭车辆火灾，并安抚被困女性，确保其安全直至救援人员到达的故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2009年的一个早晨，拉里送完东西，沿着165号公路向北行驶。A. walking行走；B. touring旅游；C. traveling行驶；D. rushing冲。根据上文的“Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc.”和下文的“after delivering”可知，拉里作为运输司机，应该是驾驶车辆行驶在公路上。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他走近时，他发现另一辆车倒在路上。A. higher更高的；B. closer更近的；C. shorter更短的；D. older更老的。根据后文“he found another vehicle upside down on the road.”可知，走近才发现另一辆车。故选B。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：再看一眼，他注意到火焰从损坏的汽车下面喷出。A. felt感觉；B. heard听见；C. noticed注意到；D. smelt闻到。根据后文“flames shooting out from under the damaged vehicle”可知，他注意到火焰从损坏的汽车下面喷出。故选C。 【4题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：灭火器喷了好几下后，火终于被扑灭了。A. basically基本地；B. carefully仔细地；C. accidently意外地；D. finally终于。根据后文“put out”指火终于被扑灭了。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：那个开着大灯的男子走过来，告诉拉里他已经打了紧急电话。A. came in进来；B. came over走过来；C. came down下来；D. came through经历。根据下文的“told Lamy he had made an emergency call”可知，这位男士应该是从自己的车那边走过来和拉里说话。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，他们听到一个女人的声音从失事的汽车里传来。A. voice嗓音；B. song歌曲；C. laughter笑声；D. noise噪音。根据上文“they heard a woman’s”指人的嗓音应用voice。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：接近那辆车，他们看到一名女子正试图从破碎的窗户中爬出来。A. Starting开始；B. Parking停车；C. Passing经过；D. Approaching接近。根据下文的“the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window”可知，两人应该是走近那辆事故车查看情况。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们告诉她不要动，直到急救人员到达，但她认为汽车要爆炸了。A. quiet安静的；B. silent沉默的；C. awake醒着的；D. still一动不动的。根据下文的“Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move”可知，为了让伤者避免进一步受伤，他们告知其保持不动。故选D。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：拉里一直陪着那个女人，直到救援人员来帮忙。A. research研究；B. service服务；C. rescue救援；D. office办公室。根据上文“until the emergency personnel arrived”可知，指救援人员来帮忙。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的努力很可能救了那个女人的命。A. efforts努力；B. skills技能；C. patience耐心；D. promise承诺。根据上文“One thing is for certain — Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle!(有一件事是肯定的——拉里如此接近着火的汽车，已经超出了他的职责范围！)”指他的努力很可能救了那个女人的命。故选A。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题 1.5分，共 15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Kite flying is popular around China. It is known as zhiyuan, as kites are made of paper and when they fly, they are like eagles. Kites ___11___ (use) for military purpose in the beginning. Later kite flying gradually became a very popular recreational activity. In the past, people ___12___ (fasten) a bamboo-made whistle onto a kite. While flying through the wind, it made sound like the music ___13___ (produce) by guzheng, a traditional Chinese music al instrument. Therefore, it has its modern name as fengzheng. 【答案】11. were used 12. fastened 13. produced 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了风筝，包括其名称的由来和使用目的的历史变化。 【11题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：风筝最初是用于军事目的的。空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语“in the beginning”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，use“使用”和主语Kites之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数名词，be动词应用were。故填were used。 【12题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在过去，人们把竹制的哨子绑在风筝上。空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语“In the past”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，fasten“系牢”应用过去式的形式。故填fastened。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在风中飞行时，它发出的声音就像中国传统乐器古筝发出的音乐。句子已有谓语，空处是修饰the music的后置定语，produce“产生”和the music逻辑上是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此应用produce的过去分词形式表被动。故填produced。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 World Animal Day was proposed by the Italian monk St Fransis in 12th century. He lived in the forests of Assisi Island for long time, ___14___(build) a good relationship with the animals. ___15___ he did set a good example far our human beings. When the big day comes, people from all over the world ___16___ (hold) various activities to celebrate it. The aim of the festival is to remind people to care for all animals and build a harmonious relationship with them. 【答案】14. building 15. What 16. will hold 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界动物日的情况。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他长期生活在阿西西岛的森林里，与动物们建立了良好的关系。此处build与He构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填building。 【15题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：他所做的为我们人类树立了一个好榜样。引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用what，首字母大写。故填What。 【16题详解】 考查时态。句意：当这个大日子到来的时候，世界各地的人们会举行各种各样的活动来庆祝它。主句描述将来的动作，应用一般将来时。故填will hold。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Shark attacks can be deadly, ___17___ they are not common. Each year, sharks usually kill fewer than 10 people worldwide, and about 100 people are injured. You are more likely to be attacked in parts of the sea ___18___ tourists throw in food to bring in sharks. However, people are ___19___ (danger) to sharks, too. 60 million sharks are killed for food and medicine every year. As a result, seme kinds of sharks may die out completely. ____20____ (protect) these wonderful animals, some countries have made programs to help them survive. 【答案】17. but 18. where 19. dangerous 20. To protect 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鲨鱼攻击人类虽致命但不常见，而人类对鲨鱼威胁更大，每年有大量的鲨鱼被捕杀。为保护鲨鱼，一些国家制定了帮助它们生存的计划。 【17题详解】 考查连词。句意：鲨鱼的攻击可能是致命的，但这种情况并不常见。空处前后均为完整的句子，空前部分表示“鲨鱼的攻击可能是致命的”，空后部分表示“这种情况并不常见”，上下文语义构成转折，空处应用意为“但是”的并列连词but，构成并列句。故填but。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：你更有可能在游客扔食物招来鲨鱼的海域遭到袭击。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词parts of the sea，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，人类对鲨鱼也是危险的。空处作表语，danger的形容词形式dangerous符合题意，意为“危险的”。故填dangerous。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护这些奇妙的动物，一些国家制定了帮助它们生存的计划。句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的目的状语，表示“为了……”，因此用protect的不定式形式，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填To protect。 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第六节(共 14小题;每小题2分，共 28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑， A Enjoy a museum visit with your class! Available Programs: Art Tells a Story: By looking at the subject matter and by drawing from personal experiences, students can find the story in some works of art. (All grades) Learning to Look: An interactive (互动的) tour that explores a variety of art using storytelling, movements, music, games, and other techniques helps introduce a museum to children. (Preschool — Grade 3) Native American Collection: This program explores relationships that exist between art, culture, the geographic location and natural resources. Students will see a bowl made by Maria Martinez, a Town storyteller, a Northwest coast mask, and Inuit clothing. (For Grade 2 — 5) The Language of Art: Classes are welcomed into the museum to take part in an interactive tour of American Art. It gives participants a set of vocabulary words while helping them feel comfortable. Art-on-the-Move: Teachers may borrow suitcases filled with art objects. Free for organizations with Education Membership. Planning Your Visit: Booking: Booking is necessary for all tour and programs. Please book at least a week in advance. Teachers are encouraged to organize self-guided visits for their classes during public hours. Tour Hours: Tours can be organized between 9:30 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. on weekdays. Program Fees: Tours are free for those with Education Membership. There is a charge of $6 per student of non-member organizations. Tours with art activities cost $12 per student (non-members) or $ 10 per student (members). Chaperones (保护人): We require one adult chaperone for every 10 children. Chaperones help to make your museum visit a success. A chaperone must pay $5 admission. Lunch: We regret that no lunch facilities are available at the museum Museum Rules: Don’t touch works of art. Don’t take photographs. Ask questions. Look, and then LOOK again. Enjoy! 21. If teachers want their students to learn about what a museum is, they will choose _______. A. Art Tells a Story B. Learning to Look C. The Language of Art D. Native American Collection 22. Why does the museum feel sorry? A. Taking photos is not allowed at the museum. B. Lunch service is not provided at the museum. C. Visitors can’t touch works of art at the museum. D. Visitors can’t take part in all the activities at a time. 23. In which section of the newspaper does the text most probably appear? A. Health. B. News. C. Environment. D. Advertisement. 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一家博物馆为学生提供的可供选择的项目，以及具体的行程安排、参观时间、费用、监护人要求、午餐和相关规定等信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Learning to Look”部分中“An interactive (互动的) tour that explores a variety of art using storytelling, movements, music, games, and other techniques helps introduce a museum to children. (互动之旅利用讲故事、动作、音乐、游戏和其他技术探索各种艺术，有助于向孩子们介绍博物馆)”可知，Learning to Look项目有助于向孩子们介绍博物馆，因此希望学生了解博物馆是什么的老师应选择该项目。故选B项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Lunch”部分中“We regret that no lunch facilities are available at the museum. (很遗憾，博物馆没有提供午餐设施)”可知，博物馆对不提供午餐服务感到抱歉。故选B项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Enjoy a museum visit with your class! (和你的班级一起去参观博物馆吧)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一家博物馆为学生提供的可供选择的项目，以及具体的行程安排、参观时间、费用、监护人要求、午餐和相关规定等信息，属于博物馆的宣传广告。因此，文章应该出自报纸的广告栏目。故选D项。 B My birth was a little more dramatic than the standard way a baby enters the world. I was born missing my left hand. Indeed, my limb (手臂) difference could have been a disaster if it hadn’t been for what happened next. A nurse placed me in my mother’s arms and instructed, “You will take her home. You will love her and treat her as normal.” That is exactly what happened. I played sports, acted in theater, excelled in school and had playdates with friends. While I did get some stares and “polite” questions about my disability, I was lucky because I wasn’t made fun of for it. However, that fact that I was different hit me hard my first day of high school. I was 13, an age when kids are already very self-conscious and the need to fit in is intensified. I remember one of the other kids on the school bus stared just a little too long at my left arm. I felt a sudden urge to hide my hand, so I slipped it into my pocket. I told myself that I’d just hide it that one day, while I was trying to make friends. But one day of hiding turned into a week, a month, and years — 25 of them to be exact. When I was 38 years old, tired of hiding and lonely, I met someone special and invited him in. The combination of me finally feeling ready to unhide and his willingness to go through the unhiding process with me was exactly what I needed. For the first time in my life, I allowed someone to really hold my limb, look at it, touch it, love it — love me. I saw my limb difference as something unique about me, something that should be shown, not hidden. It was a transformational experience, and I learned to love me too. It changed how I lived my entire life and made me happier. I also discovered and joined the Lucky Fin Project, an organisation devoted to people with all types of disabilities. Hiding things, especially from loved ones, is tiring and lonely, and it prevents us from getting help and support. It’s time to change that. 24. What was the author’s childhood like? A. She had no social interactions with friends. B. She was raised with care and treated normally. C. She faced some challenges in school activities. D She was upset about the attention to her difference. 25. What happened to the author when she was 13 years old? A. She began to ignore her disability. B. She suffered prejudice from some kids. C. She started hiding herself away from friends. D. She became sensitive due to her self-awareness. 26. How did the author change when she stopped hiding? A. She started to open up and be herself. B. She met someone who cured her disability. C. She was fed up with the company of others. D. She reduced involvement in the disability group. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Misfortune is a good teacher. B. Disability is not a barrier to success. C. Self-acceptance can lead to self-love. D. Nothing beats the feeling of being loved. 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者生来残疾，小时候被好好照顾，直到中学时自我意识觉醒对周围的目光变得敏感，将自己隐藏起来，到38岁时决定敞开做自己，不再隐藏，接收自己的不完美。作者意识到只有自我接纳，才能好好爱自己。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Indeed, my limb difference could have been a disaster if it hadn’t been for what happened next. A nurse placed me in my mother’s arms and instructed, “You will take her home. You will love her and treat her as normal.”(事实上，如果没有接下来发生的事情，我的肢体差异可能是一场灾难。一位护士把我放在母亲的怀里，嘱咐我说:“你带她回家。你会爱她，像对待正常人一样对待她。”)”及第二段“That is exactly what happened. I played sports, acted in theater, excelled in school and had playdates with friends. While I did get some stares and “polite” questions about my disability, I was lucky because I wasn’t made fun of for it.(事实正是如此。我参加体育运动，在剧院表演，在学校表现优异，和朋友一起玩。虽然我确实得到了一些关于我的残疾的凝视和“礼貌”的问题，但我很幸运，因为我没有因此而被取笑)”可知，作者虽然天生残疾，但是在童年时代受到了精心照料，受到正常的对待。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I was 13, an age when kids are already very self-conscious and the need to fit in is intensified. I remember one of the other kids on the school bus stared just a little too long at my left arm. I felt a sudden urge to hide my hand, so I slipped it into my pocket.(我13岁，这个年纪的孩子已经很有自我意识了，融入社会的需求也越来越强烈。我记得校车上的一个孩子盯着我的左臂看了太久。我突然有一种想把手藏起来的冲动，于是我把它塞进了口袋)”可知，当作者13岁的时候，由于有了自我意识，作者对于周围的目光十分敏感。故选D。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“The combination of me finally feeling ready to unhide and his willingness to go through the unhiding process with me was exactly what I needed. For the first time in my life, I allowed someone to really hold my limb, look at it, touch it, love it—love me. I saw my limb difference as something unique about me, something that should be shown, not hidden.(我终于觉得自己准备好了袒露自己，而他愿意和我一起经历袒露的过程，这正是我所需要的。这是我人生中第一次，我允许别人真正地握住我的胳膊，看它，摸它，爱它——爱我。我认为我的肢体差异是我的独特之处，应该被展示出来，而不是被隐藏起来)”可知，当作者停止隐藏时，她开始敞开心扉，做自己。故选A。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，作者生来残疾，小时候被好好照顾，直到中学时自我意识觉醒对周围的目光变得敏感，将自己隐藏起来，到38岁时决定敞开做自己，不再隐藏，接收自己的不完美，结合倒数第二段“It was a transformational experience, and I learned to love me too.(这是一次转变的经历，我也学会了爱自己)”及最后一段“Hiding things, especially from loved ones, is tiring and lonely, and it prevents us from getting help and support.(隐藏事情，尤其是对所爱的人，是很累和孤独的，它阻止我们得到帮助和支持)”可推知，作者在成长过程中感悟到了，接收自己才能爱自己。由此推知，从文章中我们知道了“自我接纳会导致自爱”。故选C。 C Chinese scientists say they have developed a robotic fish that can remove microplastic particles from water environments. Researchers working on the project say the robots could help to clean up plastic pollution in oceans around the world. The robotic swimmers are about 1.3 centimeters long. They are made of a soft chemical Compound. The robots are designed to absorb microplastics while moving through the water. The project was launched by a team at Sichuan University in southwestern China. The researchers said the robots have already performed well in shallow water and they plan to carry out more tests in deeper waters. The scientists reported their findings in a new study in Nano Letters. The publication comes from the American Chemical Society, a nonprofit organization supported by the U.S. Congress. The robotic fish were built to target microplastic particles, which are smaller than five millimeters. Studies have confirmed that microplastic pollution has been discovered in many natural environments. The material comes from the breakdown of manufactured plastic products and industrial waste. The team said the robots can be controlled by light. Turning “a near-infrared light laser” on and off causes the fish’s tail to move back and forth, the American Chemical Society said. The robotic fish can swim up to 2.76 body lengths per second. The researchers said this is faster than most similar soft robots. Wang Yuyan was a member of Sichuan University’s research team. She told Reuters news agency that the small, lightweight robot is currently being used to collect microplastics for research purposes. But Wang added that the team plans to expand that use so the robot fish can remove larger amounts of microplastic waste from deep ocean areas. The fish can take in different kinds of microplastics and even repair itself when damaged, the researchers said. And if a robot fish is accidentally eaten by a real fish, it can safely digest the material, the team added. Wang said similar robots could be developed to be placed inside the human body to remove unwanted materials or diseases. 28. Why has a robotic fish been created? A To remove disease in people. B. To clean up pollution in oceans. C. To remove unwanted materials in body. D. To remove microplastic particles in water. 29. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The purpose of the robotic fish. B. The function of the robotic fish, C. A further introduction of the robotic fish. D. Potential application of the robotic fish. 30. What will happen to the robotic fish when eaten by a real fish? A. It will be harmless. B. It will repair itself. C. It will take in microplastics. D. It will collect microplastics. 31. What is Wang Yuyan’s attitude to the future use of the robotic fish? A. Pessimistic. B. Positive. C. Unclear. D. Suspicious. 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对科学家们新开发出的一种可以清除水中微塑料颗粒的机器鱼进行了相关介绍。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Chinese scientists say they have developed a robotic fish that can remove microplastic particles from water environments. Researchers working on the project say the robots could help to clean up plastic pollution in oceans around the world. (中国科学家表示，他们已经开发出一种机器鱼，可以从水中清除微塑料颗粒。从事该项目的研究人员表示，机器人可以帮助清理世界各地海洋中的塑料污染。)”可知，发明机器鱼是为了清除水中的微塑料颗粒。故选D项。 【29题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The robotic swimmers are about 1.3 centimeters long. They are made of a soft chemical Compound. The robots are designed to absorb microplastics while moving through the water. ...The researchers said the robots have already performed well in shallow water and they plan to carry out more tests in deeper waters. The scientists reported their findings in a new study in Nano Letters. The publication comes from the American Chemical Society, a nonprofit organization supported by the U.S. Congress. The robotic fish were built to target microplastic particles, which are smaller than five millimeters. Studies have confirmed that microplastic pollution has been discovered in many natural environments. (这种自动游泳者大约1.3厘米长。它们是由一种柔软的化合物构成的。这些机器人被设计成在水中移动时吸收微塑料。……研究人员表示，机器人已经在浅水区表现良好，他们计划在深水区进行更多测试。科学家们在《纳米快报》的一项新研究中报告了他们的发现。这份报告来自美国化学学会，这是一个由美国国会支持的非营利组织。这种机器鱼的目标是小于5毫米的塑料微粒。研究证实，在许多自然环境中都发现了微塑料污染。)”可知，本段介绍了这种机器鱼的构造、用途、目标以及在水下的工作表现，故本段主要是对这种机器鱼进行了进一步的介绍；故选C项。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“And if a robot fish is accidentally eaten by a real fish, it could safely digest the material, the team added. (研究小组补充说，如果机器鱼不小心被真鱼吃了，它可以安全地消化这些物质。)”可知，如果机器鱼不小心被真鱼吃下去了，也能安全地被真鱼所消化，即它是无害的。故选A项。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“She told Reuters news agency that the small, lightweight robot is currently being used to collect microplastics for research purposes. But Wang added that the team plans to expand that use so the robot fish can remove larger amounts of microplastic waste from deep ocean areas. (她告诉路透社，这种小巧轻便的机器人目前正出于研究目的被用于收集微塑料。但是王补充说，研究小组计划扩大这种应用，这样机器鱼就可以从深海区域移除大量的微塑料废物。)”可知，王玉燕说研究小组计划扩大这种轻便机器人的应用，让这种机器鱼从深海区域移除微塑料废物，故推知她对于这种机器鱼是抱有积极态度的；根据文章最后一句“Wang said similar robots could be developed to be placed inside the human body to remove unwanted materials or disease. (王说，可以开发类似的机器人，放置在人体内去除无用的物质或疾病。)”可知，王提出进一步的设想，即开发类似的机器人，说明她很看好这种机器鱼；综上所述，王玉燕对于这种机器鱼是持有积极、肯定的态度。故选B项。 D We’ve all heard it before: to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3:45 am, Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3:30 am and Richard Branson at 5:45 am — and, as we know, “The early bird catches the worm.” Indeed, it may be true that those who get up early have a jump start on the day before others are even out of bed. But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it’s a trait (特征) most of them share? And if the idea of having exercised, eaten breakfast, and done one task before 8 am makes you want to sleep in until next Saturday, does it mean you’ll have a less successful life? For about half of us, this isn’t really an issue. It’s estimated that some 50% of the population isn’t really morning-oriented or evening-oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Roughly one in four of us, though, tend more toward bright-eyed early risers, and another one in four are night owls. For them, the effect can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10 pm or being regularly late for work. Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self-directed and agreeable. And compared to night owls, they are less likely to be depressed, drink or smoke. Although morning types may achieve more academically, night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Night-time people are also more open and more creative. And one study shows that night owls are as healthy and wise as morning-types, and a little bit wealthier. Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material? Don’t set your alarm for 5 am just, yet, as it turns out, changing your sleep times may not have much effect. “If people are left to their naturally preferred times, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader,” says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulf. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin (褪黑激素). “Then, you disrupt (扰乱) it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative, physiological consequences,” Wulff says, like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose (葡萄糖) which can cause weight gain. 32. What does the author do in Pargraph 2? A. Analysing the problem. B. Challenging a viewpoint. C. Providing supporting proofs. D. Presenting author’s viewpoint. 33. Which of the following does Katharina Wulff support? A. Stop setting your alarm for 5 am. B. Better not change your sleep times. C. Avoid being regularly late for work. D. Don’t fall asleep in front of the TV. 34. Why does the author write this article? A. To explain why some people are more successful. B. To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late. C. To argue against the view that the early bird catches the worm. D. To compare the differences between early risers and night owls. 【答案】32. B 33. B 34. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕早起的好坏展开论述，反驳了“早期的鸟儿有虫吃”的观点，认为强行让人们偏离自己的自然睡眠模式很可能是有害的。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it’s a trait (特征) most of them share? And if the idea of having exercised, eaten breakfast, and done one task before 8 am makes you want to sleep in until next Saturday, does it mean you’ll have a less successful life? (但是，仅仅因为一些成功人士起得早，就意味着他们中的大多数人都有早起的特点吗？如果在早上8点之前锻炼、吃早餐和完成一项任务的想法让你想要睡到下周六，这是否意味着你的生活将不那么成功呢)”可知，作者提出两个问题，认为部分成功人士起得早并不意味着成功人士都早起，早起的想法可能会让人很疲惫，挑战第一段中提到的“早期的鸟儿有虫吃”的观点。故选B项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Katharina Wulf所说的话“If people are left to their naturally preferred times, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader (如果让人们自然地选择自己喜欢的时间，他们会感觉好得多。他们说他们的生产力要高得多。他们的心智能力要宽广得多)”、“pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful (让人们过分偏离他们的自然偏好可能是有害的)”和“Then, you disrupt (扰乱) it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative, physiological consequences (然后，你扰乱它，推动身体进入白天模式。这可能会产生很多负面的生理后果)”可知，Katharina Wulff认为自然选择自己的生物时间对身心有益，强制偏离自然偏好反而会带来负面后果。由此可知，她会同意“最好不要改变你的睡眠时间”的观点。故选B项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Indeed, it may be true that those who get up early have a jump start on the day before others are even out of bed. (事实上，早起的人在别人起床之前就已经开始了一天的工作，这可能是真的)”可知，作者指出，虽然一些成功人士早起，但这并不意味着早起是大多数成功人士的共同特征，也不意味着不早起的人就会不成功。文章通过引用研究结果，说明了早起者和夜猫子在性格、健康、学术成就、记忆力和创造力等方面的差异，并强调了遵循自然睡眠模式的重要性。因此，作者的写作目的应该是反驳早起的鸟儿有虫吃的观点。故选C项。 第二节(共 5小题;每小题2分，共 10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Science fiction writers create imaginary worlds. ___35___ So it’s important for you to be familiar with the scientific principles and inventions that are related to your creation. For example, if you’re writing about human living on a planet with zero gravity, then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body. Then you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds. And you have to follow them. If humans are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1, your character can’t drown in a swimming pool in Chapter 3. ___36___ That means the reader is willing to pretend along with you. If you start out with an ordinary detective novel and then throw in someone breathing underwater in the 6th chapter, you will pull the readers out of their imagination. ___37___ Part of your preparatory work for the novel is to map out its worlds in great detail. You should decide the following issues: the history of the world, the geography, what possibilities it offers, how everything works in this new reality, and how all of these factors affect the way your characters think, feel, and react to things. You don’t have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter. ___38___ This also allows you to work out logical problems and contradictions before you start writing. ___39___ You are inviting readers to visit a new world. They will want to be able to see, hear, feel, smell and even taste what it’s like. Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet, help your readers feel like they’re actually there. A. The issue here is maintaining your readers’ trust. B. Your characters must be based on imagination only. C. When you are writing, remember to make it feel real. D. Instead, you only need to follow the rules all the way. E. The same thing happens if you change the rules halfway. F. But you have to let readers know enough to understand what’s going on. G. The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science. 【答案】35. G 36. A 37. E 38. F 39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章为科幻作家提供了关于科幻作品创作的注意事项。 【35题详解】 前文“Science fiction writers create imaginary worlds. (科幻作家创造想象的世界。)”提到科幻作家的想象世界，后文“So it’s important for you to be familiar with the scientific principles and inventions that are related to your creation. (所以熟悉与你的创作相关的科学原理和发明是很重要的。)”指出熟悉科学原理和发明很重要，因此G项“The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science. (在你想象的世界中，事物的工作方式将基于实际的科学。)”符合语境，指出想象的世界也基于科学来运作，承上启下，其中的imaginary worlds在前文有同词复现，science与后文的scientific呼应。故选G。 36题详解】 前文“If humans are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1, your character can’t drown in a swimming pool in Chapter 3. (如果人类能够在第一章中在水下呼吸，那么你的角色就不能在第三章中淹死在游泳池中。)”以具体的例子说明科幻世界要遵循设定，后文“That means the reader is willing to pretend along with you. (这意味着读者愿意假装和你在一起。)”进一步解释前一句的内容，与读者的信任相关，因此A项“The issue here is maintaining your readers’ trust. (这里的问题是如何维持读者的信任。)”符合语境，指出关键是维持读者的信任，承上启下，其中的maintaining your readers’ trust是后文That的指代对象，readers在后文有同词复现。故选A。 【37题详解】 前文“If you start out with an ordinary detective novel and then throw in someone breathing underwater in the 6th chapter, you will pull the readers out of their imagination. (如果你从一本普通的侦探小说开始，然后在第六章加入一个在水下呼吸的人，你会把读者从他们的想象中拉出来。)”举出具体的不遵循设定的写作情况，指出其负面影响，因此E项“The same thing happens if you change the rules halfway. (如果你中途改变规则，也会发生同样的事情。)”符合语境，举出中途改变规则的情况，和前文是并列关系，其中的The same thing指代前文的you will pull the readers out of their imagination。故选E。 【38题详解】 前文“You don’t have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter. (你不必在第一章就告诉你的读者所有的规则。)”提醒不必在开始就呈现所有规则，因此F项“But you have to let readers know enough to understand what’s going on. (但你必须让读者知道足够的信息，以便理解发生了什么。)”符合语境，提醒要给出足够的信息，和前文是转折关系。故选F。 【39题详解】 根据后文“You are inviting readers to visit a new world. They will want to be able to see, hear, feel, smell and even taste what it’s like. Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet, help your readers feel like they’re actually there. (你在邀请读者去参观一个新的世界。他们希望能够看到、听到、感觉到、闻到甚至品尝到它是什么样子的。无论你的小说是关于一个没有疾病的世界还是一个未被发现的星球，让你的读者觉得他们真的在那里。)”可知，本段主要建议科幻世界要让读者有身临其境的感觉，空处位于段首，应该与为读者创造真实的感觉相关，因此C项“When you are writing, remember to make it feel real. (当你在写作时，记得让它感觉真实。)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选C。 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各 2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分) 阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，完成对该问题的回答。 Exercise plays a very important role in a healthy lifestyle. But you may not have time or money to go to a gym on a regular basis. The good news is that today’s technology lets you access fitness classes from the comfort of your home. A quick Internet search will turn up thousands of online fitness classes. These classes let you listen to instructions and watch trainers demonstrate how to do exercises. You can watch videos on your phone, computer or tablet and do the exercises right where you are. All you need is an Internet connection and a space large enough to move around in. Online fitness classes take a wide variety of forms. Some focus on stretches and slow movements. Other classes involve fast aerobic activity, while others build muscle strength. Some require equipment such as weights, but others use only your body. This means that you can choose the class you like. And you can try a different one whenever you like. Some virtual fitness classes require a membership fee, but some are completely free. Anyone can post a fitness video on the Internet. Not everyone knows what they are doing. So it is important to think about who is teaching the class. Try to find trainers who are certified by an organization with a good reputation. I tried some virtual fitness classes several years ago. The reason was simple: convenience. I could do a fitness class at any time of day. I didn’t need to travel to a gym and back, which saved me a lot of time. But being able to work out any time meant I kept putting it off. I’d do everything else first and then the day would be over. I’d never actually get around to exercising. Having to exercise at a definite time means I have to put it on my schedule. So for me, scheduled classes such as those at a gym are helpful. 40. What do people need to have virtual fitness classes? 41. What is the author’s suggestion about choosing an instructor while having virtual fitness classes? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ·The author thinks virtual fitness classes are of great convenience and save a lot of time, so he takes virtual fitness classes on a regular basis. 43. Do you think virtual fitness classes will become a trend for young people? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 【答案】40. An Internet connection and a space large enough to move around in. They only need an Internet connection and a space large enough to move around in. 41. The author’s suggestion is trying to find trainers who are certified by an organization with a good reputation. Trying to find teachers who are certified by an organization with a good reputation. 42. The author thinks virtual fitness classes are of great convenience and save a lot of time, so he takes virtual fitness classes on a regular basis. According to the passage, the author thinks virtual fitness classes are of great convenience and can save a lot of time, but being able to work out at any time made him often putting off his virtual fitness classes. So he didn’t take virtual fitness classes often. (So he often takes scheduled fitness classes at gyms.) 43. I think virtual fitness classes will become a trend for young people because they have many advantages. Not only can people save time and money but also they may choose from a wide variety of forms conveniently. 【解析】 【分析】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文，文章介绍了在线虚拟健身课程的好处，同时简述了作者参加虚拟健身课程的经历和想法。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段关键句“You can watch videos on your phone, computer or tablet and do the exercises right where you are. All you need is an Internet connection and a space large enough to move around in.（你可以在手机上、电脑或平板电脑上看视频，也可以就地做运动。你所需要的只是一个网络连接和一个足够大的移动空间。）”可知，人们需要一个网络连接和一个足够大的移动空间来参加虚拟健身课程。故答案为An Internet connection and a space large enough to move around in./ They only need an Internet connection and a space large enough to move around in. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“So it is important to think about who is teaching the class. Try to find trainers who are certified by an organization with a good reputation.（所以考虑谁来教这门课很重要。试着去找那些有良好声誉的机构认证的培训师。）”可知，作者建议在参加虚拟健身课程时，应寻找有良好声誉的机构认证的培训师。故答案为The author’s suggestion is trying to find trainers who are certified by an organization with a good reputation./ Trying to find teachers who are certified by an organization with a good reputation. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段关键句“I tried some virtual fitness classes several years ago. The reason was simple: convenience.（几年前我试过一些虚拟健身课程。原因很简单：方便。）”及“I didn’t need to travel to a gym and back, which saved me a lot of time.（我不需要往返于健身房，这节省了我很多时间。）”可知，作者认为虚拟健身课程很方便也能够节省时间；再由“But being able to work out any time meant I kept putting it off.I’d do everything else first and then the day would be over. I’d never actually get around to exercising. （但是任何时候都能锻炼就意味着我一直在拖延。我会先做其它的事，然后这一天就结束了。我从来没有真正抽出时间去锻炼。）”可知，作者认为任何时间都能锻炼，就可以一直拖延，导致最后没有时间锻炼；再根据“So for me, scheduled classes such as those at a gym are helpful.（所以对我来说，像那些在健身房的课程是有帮助的。）”可知，作者经常在健身房参加预定的健身课程，而不是有规律地参加在线课程。故答案为so he takes virtual fitness classes on a regular basis. According to the passage, the author thinks virtual fitness classes are of great convenience and can save a lot of time, but being able to work out at any time made him often putting off his virtual fitness classes. So he didn’t take virtual fitness classes often. (So he often takes scheduled fitness classes at gyms.) 【43题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第三段关键句“Online fitness classes take a wide variety of forms.（在线健身课程的形式多种多样。）”及第四段关键句“Some virtual fitness classes require a membership fee, but some are completely free.（一些虚拟健身课程需要缴纳会员费，但也有一些是完全免费的。）”再结合最后一段关键句“The reason was simple: convenience.（原因很简单:方便。）”及“I didn’t need to travel to a gym and back, which saved me a lot of time.（我不需要往返于健身房，这节省了我很多时间。）”可知，在未来，在线虚拟健身课程会在年轻人中成为一种趋势，因为它有很多好处，比如，它便宜甚至免费，形式多种多样，且方便，节省时间。故答案为I think virtual fitness classes will become a trend for young people because they have many advantages. Not only can people save time and money but also they may choose from a wide variety of forms conveniently. 第二节(20分) 44. 假如你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim发邮件告诉你他在学校原创诗歌比赛（Original Poetry Competition）中获得一等奖，并分享了他的获奖诗歌。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 表达祝贺； 2. 评价获奖诗歌。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jim, I was thrilled to hear about your recent victory in the Original Poetry Competition at your school. Congratulations on winning the first prize! It’s a remarkable achievement and a testament to your creative talent. I had the pleasure of reading your winning poem, and I must say, it’s truly captivating. The imagery you’ve woven into the verses is both vivid and thought-provoking, making it a joy to read. Your use of language is eloquent and the themes you’ve explored are deeply resonant. It’s clear that a lot of heart and soul went into crafting such a beautiful piece of work. Once again, well done, Jim! I’m incredibly proud of you and look forward to seeing more of your poetic masterpieces in the future. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给在学校原创诗歌比赛中获得一等奖的英国朋友Jim回复邮件，需涵盖祝贺和评价两方面的内容。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 非凡的：remarkable→extraordinary, exceptional 成就：achievement→accomplishment, attainment 吸引人的：captivating→attractive, fascinating 探究：explore→go into, probe into 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I was thrilled to hear about your recent victory in the Original Poetry Competition at your school. 拓展句：I was thrilled to hear that you have recently won a victory in the Original Poetry Competition at your school. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The imagery you’ve woven into the verses is both vivid and thought-provoking, making it a joy to read. (运用了关系代词引导限制性定语从句并被省略、现在分词短语making…作状语) [高分句型2] It’s clear that a lot of heart and soul went into crafting such a beautiful piece of work. (运用了that引导主语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$