专题04 阅读理解之说明文（辽宁专用，含2024模拟）-【好题汇编】三年（2022-2024）中考英语真题分类汇编

专题04 阅读理解之说明文 （一） （2024·辽宁统考·中考真题）We’re plants. Give us your care and we will bring joy to you. Please take us home, will you? PLANTS Get to know us Flowers We bring bright colors! Houseplants We are green and light up rooms! Succulents (多肉植物) We don’t need much care! Vegetables How about home-grown food? Give us a home We can live in a pot. It can be put near a window, by a sofa or under a tree. Placing us on a wall will bring you much fun. We love it, too. Care for us Spring We may need fertilizers (化肥). Summer We hate harmful insects. Autumn We need less water. Winter Give us a larger home if necessary. 1．According to the text, ________ don’t need much care. A．flowers B．houseplants C．succulents D．vegetables 2．It’s fun to put a pot of plants ________. A．on a wall B．by a sofa C．near a window D．under a tree 3．Plants need to be protected from harmful insects, especially in ________. A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 4．Which part of a magazine is the text most probably taken from? A．Art. B．Life. C．Sports. D．History. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些植物。 1．细节理解题。根据“Succulents (多肉植物) We don’t need much care!”可知，多肉植物不太需要照顾，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Placing us on a wall will bring you much fun.”可知，把植物挂在墙上会给你带来很多乐趣。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Summer We hate harmful insects.”可知，尤其是在夏天需要保护植物不受有害昆虫的侵害，故选B。 4．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些植物，所以可能在杂志的生活版块看到这篇文章，故选B。 （二） （2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）Have you ever heard of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park? It is our own “Amazon”. If you travel there, what can you enjoy? Animals The park is home to Hainan gibbons (长臂猿). They look like monkeys, but have no tails. They eat fruits and leaves from over 130 kinds of plants. In the 1980s, there were fewer than 10 gibbons in the park. In 2022, there were 36 because people protected their homes and planted trees. Plants The park is a “live museum” of plants. It is also the home to 133 kinds of national key protected plants. Cycas hainanensis (海南苏铁) is an example. It has big, feather-like leaves. It grows slowly, but can live as long as 200 years. It probably won’t grow flowers or fruits in North China. But in Hainan, cycas hainanensis over 10 years old blossom (开花) and bear fruits almost every year. Culture Miao and Li people have lived in the park for generations (世代). Their houses look like upside-down boats. They are built above the ground to keep away animals. Li people make clothes from bark (树皮). Their history of tree bark clothing dates back to about 10,000 years ago. Some people still use bark clothing nowadays. 5．What was the population of Hainan gibbons in the 1980s? A．Less than 10. B．More than 30. C．Nearly 130. D．Only 133. 6．What can we know about cycas hainanensis from the text? A．It can grow very quickly. B．It never grows flowers. C．It can live up to 200 years. D．It has very small leaves. 7．What is tree bark used to do by Li people? A．To avoid animals. B．To build houses. C．To produce boats. D．To make clothes. 8．In which part of a magazine can we probably find the text? A．Art. B．Travel. C．Health. D．Sports. 【答案】5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了海南热带雨林国家公园的长臂猿、海南苏铁以及当地文化。 5．细节理解题。根据“In the 1980s, there were fewer than 10 gibbons in the park.”可知，在20世纪80年代，公园里只有不到10只长臂猿。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据“It grows slowly, but can live as long as 200 years.”可知，海南苏铁生长缓慢，但是可以活200年。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据“Li people make clothes from bark (树皮).”可知，黎族人用树皮做衣服。故选D。 8．推理判断题。根据“Have you ever heard of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park?”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了海南热带雨林国家公园的动植物及风土人情，属于旅游范畴，故可以在杂志中的“旅游”版块读到此文章。故选B。 （三） （2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China points out the importance of reading and calls on people to read more books, so shared bookhouses have appeared in many places. Reading has become a trend in our country. A reading campaign (行动) took place in Shenyang in April, 2023. Many people took part in it. Li Hong, a girl from a junior high school, said, “My mother and I took part in the campaign because both of us like reading. Books are our necessary furniture in our house. I know a lot about Chinese classic (经典的) works. Reading makes my life colourful and will change my dream into reality (现实).” Reading is one thing, but knowing how to read and what to read is another. There are mainly three kinds of reading: recreational reading, study-type reading and survey reading. Recreational reading can bring you much fun. You can read at a relaxed speed. Study-type reading usually needs you to read the text very carefully to understand the ideas and details. Survey reading is a way of reading fast to get the main idea or find the information you need. What kind of books should you read? Emerson, a great writer and thinker, had three rules: never read a book that is not a year old; never read any but famous books; never read a book you don’t like. Good books can lift you to a higher plane (境界). Whatever you read, read with interest, with the whole mind. Try to be a best reader. If you are getting the most out of a book, you will do things more confidently. Reading is rewarding (有益的)! 9．What can we infer (推断) about Li Hong from the second paragraph? A．There is no other furniture in her house but books. B．Her mother teaches Chinese in a junior high school. C．She has probably read the book Journey to the West. D．She has changed her dream because of the campaign. 10．Which of the following probably belongs to survey reading? A．Learning a long poem at a relaxed speed. B．Reading a novel carefully to write a report. C．Enjoying interesting comic strips as you like. D．Searching newspapers quickly for something. 11．What kind of books should we read according to Emerson? A．Books that are well known. B．Books that cost a lot of money. C．Books that are about rules. D．Books that come out within a year. 12．What is the purpose of writing this text? A．To introduce a reading campaign. B．To advise us to build bookhouses. C．To encourage people to read books. D．To tell us about some classic works. 【答案】9．C 10．D 11．A 12．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了读书在全国成为一种趋势，并谈论了如何读书和读什么书，鼓励人们读书。 9．推理判断题。根据“I know a lot about Chinese classic works.”可知李红对中国古典名著了解很多，由此推出她可能读过经典名著《西游记》。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据“Survey reading is a way of reading fast to get the main idea or find the information you need.”可知概括性阅读是一种快速阅读的方式，以获得主要思想或找到你需要的信息，由此推出在报纸上快速搜索属于概括性阅读。故选D。 11．细节理解题。根据“Emerson, a great writer and thinker, had three rules: never read a book that is not a year old; never read any but famous books; never read a book you don’t like.”可知爱默生认为永远不要读一本未满一年的书、只读名著、永远不要读你不喜欢的书。故选A。 12．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了读书在全国成为一种趋势，并谈论了如何读书和读什么书，鼓励人们读书。结合“Try to be a best reader. If you are getting the most out of a book, you will do things more confidently. Reading is rewarding!”可知写这篇文章是为了鼓励人们读书。故选C。 （四） （2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）In Pontevedra, Spain, people don’t shout. Since cars are not allowed in the city, there are no horns（喇叭）or noises from car engines. People don’t have to try hard to make themselves heard. What you hear in the street, instead, is the singing of birds. “Listen,” says Miguel Lores, the mayor（市长）, opening the windows of his office. From the street below rises the sound of human voices. “More than 14,000 cars used to pass along this street every day. There were more cars passing through the city in a day than people living here. Lores became mayor in 1999. He spent months walking around the city. “The historical city is dead,” he said one day. “It is full of cars. It is heavily polluted. There are a lot of traffic accidents. The elderly and children aren’t able to use the streets because of cars. People who had a chance to leave have done so.” At first, Lores thought of improving traffic conditions. However, he couldn’t come up with a good plan. After lots of discussions, the government finally decided to get rid of（清除）cars. The change has brought Pontevedra many benefits. Traffic accidents are now rare（罕见的）. CO2 emissions（排放物）are down by 70%. Many people are moving to the city, making it lively again. Most local people like the change. Ramiro Armesto, a mother of two young children, said, “In the past, the first thing to see in the morning was traffic jams. Now, the city is cleaner, quieter and safer.” Raquel Garcia, another parent, said she had stayed in many cities around the world. However, she had never lived in a city as “easy to live in” as Pontevedra. “Even if it’s raining, I walk everywhere. The feeling is wonderful,” she added. 13．From Paragraph 1, we know Pontevedra is a(n) ________ city in Spain. A．ancient B．quiet C．busy D．crowded 14．For Lores, what was the city Pontevedra’s main problem? A．The historical city was dead. B．There were lots of traffic accidents. C．Many people were leaving the city. D．There were too many cars in the city. 15．The underlined word “benefits” probably means “________” in English. A．choices B．advantages C．problems D．symbols 16．What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To show how people like the change. B．To let more cities follow the change. C．To explain what people think of the city. D．To tell why people like living in Pontevedra. 17．What is the best title of the passage? A．A city without cars. B．The path to a city’s progress. C．A good plan for a city. D．The changes of Pontevedra. 【答案】13．B 14．D 15．B 16．A 17．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了西班牙的城市——蓬特韦德拉发生的巨大变化。 13．推理判断题。根据“In Pontevedra, Spain, people don’t shout...What you hear in the street, instead, is the singing of birds.”可知，蓬特韦德拉是西班牙的一个安静的城市，没有汽车的喧嚣，故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据“It is full of cars. It is heavily polluted....People who had a chance to leave have done so.”可知，对Lores来说，蓬特韦德拉的主要问题是汽车太多了，故选D。 15．词义猜测题。根据“Traffic accidents are now rare（罕见的）. CO2 emissions（排放物）are down by 70%. Many people are moving to the city, making it lively again.”可知，交通事故现在很少见了。二氧化碳排放量下降了70%。许多人搬到这个城市，使它又活跃起来了。这是这个城市禁止汽车之后的好处，所以单词“benefits”指的是“优点”，故选B。 16．段落大意题。根据“Most local people like the change.”以及整段的理解可知，本段主要是为了显示人们对这种变化的喜爱，故选A。 17．最佳标题题。根据“In Pontevedra, Spain, people don’t shout. Since cars are not allowed in the city, there are no horns（喇叭）or noises from car engines.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了蓬特德韦德拉从一个街上挤满汽车到变成街上没有汽车行驶的城市，并讲述了街上没有汽车的好处，以及这一变化获得了当地居民的支持。所以本文的最佳标题是“没有汽车的城市”。故选A。 （五） （2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）China has made a system of laws to protect the environment. It has helped build beautiful China, according to a work report. The system includes the Environmental Protection Law and a lot of laws in some other areas, such as the Yangtze River Protection Law, the Yellow River Protection Law, the Black Soil (土壤) Protection Law, the law on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and so on. These environmental protection laws assist with beautiful China. China protects and improves the environment in which people live. It has made great efforts to prevent and control pollution. Over the past five years, the air quality (质量) has stayed at the good level on 86.5 percent of the days in cities. The country has also made progress in preventing and controlling soil pollution and continued to protect forests, rivers, lakes and so on. What’s more, China has managed to make laws to protect wild animals and plants, provide homes for many animals and teach the public to help them. Animals are friends of humans, and protecting animals is also to protect the home of humans. A good environment is important to humans. Without the fresh air or clean water, we can’t live on the earth. The Chinese government has taken action to protect both the environment and ourselves. 18．There are at least ________ laws in Paragraph 2. A．5 B．6 C．7 D．8 19．The underlined word “assist” in Paragraph 2 is similar to ________. A．part B．agree C．help D．deal 20．According to Paragraph 3, we have done something to protect the animals, including ________. ①providing homes for many animals ②giving animals more food ③teaching the public to help animals ④making laws to protect wild animals and plants A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 21．Over the past five years, the air quality in cities has generally stayed at the ________ level. A．bad B．terrible C．poor D．good 22．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．A system of laws has been made to protect soil around China. B．The country has made progress in preventing river pollution. C．China protects and improves the environment in which people live. D．China has taken action to protect the environment and humans. 【答案】18．A 19．C 20．B 21．D 22．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国已采取了很多行动保护环境和人类。 18．细节理解题。根据“The system includes the Environmental Protection Law and a lot of laws in some other areas, such as the Yangtze River Protection Law, the Yellow River Protection Law, the Black Soil (土壤) Protection Law, the law on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and so on”可知该体系包括《环境保护法》和其他一些领域的许多法律，如《长江保护法》、《黄河保护法》、《黑土保护法》、《青藏高原法》等。故选A。 19．词义猜测题。根据“These environmental protection laws assist with beautiful China.”可知这些环境保护法有助于建设美丽的中国，故此处划线部分和help意义相近。故选C。 20．细节理解题。根据“China has managed to make laws to protect wild animals and plants, provide homes for many animals and teach the public to help them”可知中国还制定了保护野生动植物的法律，为许多动物提供了家园，并教导公众帮助它们。故选B。 21．细节理解题。根据“Over the past five years, the air quality (质量) has stayed at the good level”可知在过去的五年里，空气质量一直保持在良好水平。故选D。 22．主旨大意题。根据“The Chinese government has taken action to protect both the environment and ourselves.”以及本文内容可知本文主要介绍了中国已采取了很多行动保护环境和人类。故选D。 （六） （2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）Lots of scientists are studying robots today. Many robots don’t always look like people. Some are like big machines, and some are nothing but long arms. However, modern robots are smart. Some can solve problems on their own. Robots are more and more useful and important in our life. They help us a lot. In factories, robots can help people do a lot of work. They work faster and do not need a rest. People will feel bored if they do the same job again and again, but robots will not. They can work in some dangerous places where people cannot. Robots are useful in our homes, too. They can help us do some cooking. They can help the blind people read newspapers, help the old people move some heavy things and so on. If we have some other problems, we can also ask them for help. However, robots are not so clever as people. They cannot think like us. If we do not “teach” them how to do things first, they can do nothing. It’s possible that we will have our own robots, and they will help us to do more things in the future. 23．What can we know from the first paragraph? A．No robots are like big machines. B．Robots all have long arms. C．Robots are in different shapes. D．Robots can’t work out problems by themselves. 24．Where are robots helpful to us according to the third paragraph? A．In factories. B．In banks. C．In our houses. D．In libraries. 25．What is the advantage of robots according to the text? A．They are as clever as people. B．They will become tired. C．They can think like people. D．They can work in dangerous places. 26．What is the text mainly about? A．It’s about what robots will be like in the future. B．It’s about what robots can do in many years. C．It’s about how robots are used in our life. D．It’s about how scientists invented robots. 27．Where is the text probably from? A．A science magazine. B．A guide book. C．Sports news. D．A music textbook. 【答案】23．C 24．C 25．D 26．C 27．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了机器人在我们的生活中的作用和重要性。 23．细节理解题。根据“Many robots don’t always look like people. Some are like big machines, and some are nothing but long arms”可知机器人有不同的形状。故选C。 24．细节理解题。根据“Robots are useful in our homes, too”可知机器人在我们家里很有用，故选C。 25．细节理解题。根据“They can work in some dangerous places where people cannot.”可知机器人可以在一些人们无法工作的危险的地方工作。故选D。 26．主旨大意题。根据“Robots are more and more useful and important in our life.”和全文可知，本文主要讲述了机器人在我们的生活中的作用和重要性，故选C。 27．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是关于机器人，所以可能在科学杂志上看到，故选A。 （七） （2023·辽宁锦州·中考真题）In the year 2070, most of you will be more than 60 years old. The good news is that travel might become smarter by that time. European airline(航空公司) easyJet has made some predictions and released(发布) easyJet 2070—The Future Travel Report. Let’s take a look at some cool ideas. Heartbeat(心跳) passport Paper passports will be a thing of the past. You will use “heartbeat passports” instead. According to experts, everyone’s heartbeat is different. So the data(数据) will be used to tell who you are. More comfortable flight(飞行) The seats on the plane will no longer be “one size fits all”. You’ll actually be able to book(预定) a seat according to your body type(型). The seat might even be able to cool or warm you to your preferred temperature. There will also be no more screens on the back of your seats. A future device(设备) could show movies straight in front of your eyes. Printed clothes and food If you hate packing clothes, you may not need to do it in the future. Before you fly, you will have a body scan(扫描). When you arrive, you’ll find a wardrobe(衣橱) filled with 3D-printed clothes in your size. When you leave, the clothes can be recycled and reprinted for the next person. You can also 3D print whatever you want to eat. Bring history back to life If you like to visit places of interest, augmented reality(增强现实) will change the game. Wearing a headset(头戴式耳机), you can see what happened there, such as a famous war. 28．In 2070, heartbeat passports will be used because _________. A．paper passports are a waste of paper B．the data of everyone’s heartbeat will tell who they are C．they can be made at a lower price D．experts don’t allow people to use paper passports 29．_________ will make you comfortable in your flight in 2070. ①A seat according to your body type     ②Movies shown straight in front of your eyes ③Big screens on the back of your seats   ④A seat with your preferred temperature A．①③④ B．①②③ C．①②④ D．②③④ 30．In 2070, if you don’t like packing clothes, you can _________ according to Paragraph 4. A．have your clothes posted B．buy your clothes in the store C．recycle clothes for yourself D．scan your body and your clothes will be ready 31．What might you see with a headset if you visit the Palace Museum in 2070? A．People are watching the Olympic Games. B．The emperor is talking with the ministers. C．Some people are building the Great Wall. D．Some students are having a sports meeting. 32．What will be the best title of the passage? A．Good ideas for future travel B．Better lifestyles in the future C．Future devices on the plane D．High technology in 2070 【答案】28．B 29．C 30．D 31．B 32．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍几个关于未来的很酷的想法。 28．细节理解题。根据“According to experts, everyone’s heartbeat is different. So the data(数据) will be used to tell who you are.”可知，专家表示，每个人的心跳都不一样，所以这些数据将被用来告诉你是谁。故选B。 29．细节理解题。根据“You’ll actually be able to book(预定) a seat according to your body type(型). The seat might even be able to cool or warm you to your preferred temperature. There will also be no more screens on the back of your seats. A future device(设备) could show movies straight in front of your eyes.”可知，你可以根据自己的体型预订座位，这个座位甚至可以把你降温或升温到你喜欢的温度，座位后面也不会有屏幕，未来的设备可以直接在你眼前播放电影。结合选项，故选C。 30．细节理解题。根据“Before you fly, you will have a body scan(扫描). When you arrive, you’ll find a wardrobe(衣橱) filled with 3D-printed clothes in your size.”可知，在你登机前，你要进行全身扫描，当你到达时，你会发现衣柜里堆满了3D打印的衣服。故选D。 31．推理判断题。根据“Wearing a headset(头戴式耳机), you can see what happened there, such as a famous war.”可知，戴上头戴式耳机，你可以看到那里发生了什么，比如一场著名的战争。结合地点故宫可知，可能会看到皇帝正在和大臣们谈话。故选B。 32．最佳标题题。根据“European airline(航空公司) easyJet has made some predictions and released(发布) easyJet 2070—The Future Travel Report. Let’s take a look at some cool ideas.”可知，欧洲易捷航空公司做出了一些预测，并发布了易捷2070——未来旅行报告，介绍其中一些很酷的想法。故选A。 （八） （2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）Recently, researchers in Israel have done an experiment and found that goldfish are able to navigate(导航) on land after receiving around 10 driving lessons. The experiment was performed by a research team at the Ben-Gurion University. It was made to see whether goldfish could find their way in a very different environment. Researchers developed a robotic car that could drive forward, backward and from side to side. They called the car FOV—“Fish Operated Vehicle”(鱼驱动车). A goldfish was placed inside a water box on the FOV. Using a set of wheels with a camera system, the FOV recorded the fish’s movements and swimming directions, and then moved in the same direction. The scientists worked with six different goldfish. They placed the car in a small room with a pink target(目标) on one side. The fish would get food when the car touched the target. After a few days of training, the fish navigated to the target. At first, it took them about half an hour to drive to the target. But by the end of the experiment, they were able to complete the same task in less than a minute. Shachar Givon, one of the researchers, said, “As anyone who has tried to learn how to ride a bike or to drive a car knows, it is challenging at first.” Not only did the goldfish show that they could drive to the target, but they also weren’t fooled by false targets of other colors. They were also able to get free when the car hit a wall. Although the fish may not have realized they were moving on land, these results show that a fish has the ability to navigate outside its nature environment of water. It can enrich scientific knowledge of animals’ navigation skills. 33．What is the purpose of the goldfish experiment? A．To see if goldfish could tell different colors. B．To see if goldfish could find food and living places. C．To see if goldfish could navigate in a different environment. D．To see if goldfish could ride a bike or drive a car like humans. 34．What can be learned about the FOV? A．It was placed inside a water box. B．It could follow the fish’s movements. C．It was driven by a camera system. D．It could control the fish’s directions. 35．The goldfish would get food as long as the car ________. A．touched the pink target B．moved in the small room freely C．avoided hitting a wall D．touched the targets of other colors 36．What can we learn from Shachar Givon’s words? A．It was important for the goldfish to drive a car. B．It was impossible for the goldfish to navigate. C．It was meaningless for the goldfish to be trained at first. D．It was hard for the goldfish to reach the target at the start. 37．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Good Use of a Robotic Car B．An Experiment on Animals C．Goldfish’s Ability to Navigate on Land D．Goldfish’s Skills to Drive a Car on Land 【答案】33．C 34．B 35．A 36．D 37．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍研究人员通过金鱼实验证实动物导航系统的可行性。 33．推理判断题。根据“Recently, researchers in Israel have done an experiment and found that goldfish are able to navigate on land”可知，金鱼在陆地上也具有导航能力，进而可以推出研究人员开展金鱼实验的目的是为了检验金鱼在不同的环境中是否仍具备导航能力。故选C。 34．细节理解题。根据“the FOV recorded the fish’s movements and swimming directions, and then moved in the same direction”可知，鱼驱动车可以按鱼移动轨迹前进。故选B。 35．细节理解题。根据“The fish would get food when the car touched the target.”可知，当车触碰到粉色目标的时候可以得到食物。故选A。 36．推理判断题。根据“As anyone who has tried to learn how to ride a bike or to drive a car knows, it is challenging at first.”可知，任何试图学习如何骑自行车或开车的人都知道，一开始是很有挑战性的。由此可知，Shachar Givon想表达的是金鱼很难在一开始就到达目标。故选D。 37．最佳标题题。通读全文，本文主要讲述科研人员通过金鱼实验证实动物导航系统的可行性，选项C“金鱼在陆地上的导航能力”最符合本文。故选C。 （九） （2022·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）Would you try food made of rubbish? When world leaders got together at the UN for a meeting on climate(气候) change, they had a special lunch. The food was made from something that most of us would throw away. There was a salad made of vegetable scraps(剩菜叶). The leaders also had hamburgers made of fruit left over from juicing. The UN said this reminded people about food waste and the bad influence it has on climate change. “Food waste is not often noticed in climate change, and that is shameful when so many people are in hunger.” said a government secretary. Most people don’t even realize how much food they throw away every day. Sometimes they cook too much or they don’t use it in time. Every year more than one-third of all food produced worldwide goes to waste, according to the UN. Stop the waste, and the whole world could save $300 billion from wasted food. More importantly, it could also do less harm to the environment. Think about a bag of cheese(奶酪). Before we buy it at the store, people have to raise the cows, deal with the milk, and drive to the shop to sell the cheese. If you throw the cheese away, you have wasted energy, fuel(燃料) and water, which give out greenhouse gases that add to global warming. The UN said if we stop throwing good food away, we could cut down up to 17 million tons of CO₂. The good of that would be the same as taking one in every four cars off the road. 38．Why did the writer think the lunch was special? A．Because the vegetables were made into juice. B．Because the leaders had a salad and hamburgers. C．Because food was cooked from something thrown away. D．Because the lunch was prepared with different fresh fruits. 39．What does food waste influence at last? A．Fuel. B．Cars. C．Cows. D．Climate. 40．What can you infer(推断) from the text? A．Even small actions can help make our world better. B．We should buy a bag of cheese from the supermarket. C．Most people have already paid attention to food waste. D．Saving food is more important than driving cars less often. 41．Which of the following is the best title of the text? A．Cheese—Healthy for people B．A meeting—Traditional at the UN C．Food waste—Bad for the environment D．Greenhouse gases—Dangerous to the Earth 【答案】38．C 39．D 40．A 41．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍目前的食物浪费现象，呼吁我们节约粮食。 38．细节理解题。根据“The food was made from something that most of us would throw away.”可知，这些食物是由我们大多数人会扔掉的东西制成的。故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据“If you throw the cheese away, you have wasted energy, fuel and water, which give out greenhouse gases that add to global warming.”可知，如果你把奶酪扔掉，你就浪费了能源、燃料和水，释放出加剧全球变暖的温室气体。所以食物浪费最后会影响气候。故选D。 40．推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，生活中我们煮的食物过多就会导致浪费，如果我们不浪费，除了减少食物浪费外，还可以减少对环境的伤害。由此推知，即使是像不要煮过多食物这样小的行为，也能让我们的世界变得更美好。故选A。 41．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍目前的食物浪费现象，呼吁我们节约粮食。“食物浪费——对环境有害”符合主题。故选C。 （十） （2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）①Otters (水獭) are cute water animals. Recently, there has been a trend (趋势) of keeping them as pets. In Japan, some “otter cafes” are open for business. People can pay to play with the otters there and to take photos with them. In Indonesia, people go swimming with their pet otters and take “funny” videos. These photos and videos posted online have attracted more people to buy otters as pets. ②However, these photos and videos mask the fact that the online trade is doing harm to otters. In the wild, baby otters usually stay with their mothers during their first year of life. According to a report, 70 percent of otters sold online are under a year old. These baby otters have been stolen from their mothers. When they’re kept as pets by humans, they do not live full, natural lives. ③Otters are very social (群居的). They live in family groups of up to fifteen in the wild. Keeping an otter as a pet can make it very sad and lonely. These animals also need enough space to swim. Their owners’ bathtubs (浴缸) or pools are much smaller than the bodies of water in the wild. ④On the other hand, it is not wise to keep otters as pets at home. They have a very special fishy smell. If they’re kept indoors, they will leave a lot of droppings around the house. This would make the smell even more unpleasant. Besides, when otters are upset, they will make loud noises and even attack (攻击) people. If a person is bitten by an otter, he or she needs to go to the hospital immediately. ⑤So, what can we do to stop the otter pet trade? Well, one of the main ways is to let more people know that otters should not be kept as pets. We should also keep an eye on online posts about these animals. When photos and videos show baby otters being kept or sold as pets, don’t share them. 42．People like to keep otters as pets because they are ________. A．lonely B．cute C．friendly D．quiet 43．The underlined word “mask” has the closest meaning to ________. A．show B．protect C．hide D．change 44．Because of the online pet trade, otters ________. A．may often fall ill B．can’t live a social life C．have no food to eat D．have no place to swim 45．What does Paragraph ④ mainly tell us? A．Otters don’t make good pets. B．Otters are dangerous to people. C．Otters may live a hard life as pets. D．Otters often make a mess in the room. 46．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To stop people from keeping pets at home. B．To introduce the ways of protecting pet otters. C．To show the facts of the online otter pet trade. D．To tell people to say no to the otter pet trade. 【答案】42．B 43．C 44．B 45．A 46．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了可爱的水动物——水獭的生活习性，同时呼吁人们停止水獭宠物交易。 42．细节理解题。根据“Otters are cute water animals. Recently, there has been a trend of keeping them as pets.”可知人们喜欢养水獭当宠物，因为它们很可爱，故选B。 43．词义猜测题。根据“the fact that the online trade is doing harm to otters. ”可推知照片和视频掩盖了对水獭造成伤害这个事实，所以mask应该是“隐藏，隐瞒”。故选C。 44．细节理解题。根据“Otters are very social. They live in family groups of up to fifteen in the wild. Keeping an o1ter as a pet can make it very sad and lonely.”可知因为网上宠物交易，水獭无法过群居生活，故选B。 45．段落大意题。根据“On the other hand, it is not wise to keep otters as pets at home. They have a very special fishy smell....Besides, when otters are upset, they will make loud noises and even attack people. If a person is bitten by an otter, he or she needs to go to the hospital immediately.”（另一方面，把水獭当作宠物养在家里是不明智的。它们有一种特别的鱼腥味……此外，当水獭不高兴时，它们会发出很大的噪音，甚至攻击人。如果一个人被水獭咬伤，他或她需要立即去医院。）可知第④段主要讲水獭不是好宠物。故选A。 46．推理判断题。根据“So, what can we do to stop the otter pet trade? Well, one of the main ways is to let more people know that otters should not be kept as pets. ”（那么，我们能做些什么来阻止水獭宠物贸易呢？嗯，一个主要的方法是让更多的人知道水獭不应该被当作宠物饲养。）可推知这篇文章主要目的是呼吁人们停止水獭宠物交易，故选D。 （十一） （2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）China now has more than 30, 000 kilometers of high speed track, and this is expected to increase to 38,000 kilometers by 2025. Fully two thirds of the world’s high speed rail（by length）is in China. Here, we track the exciting technological developments in high speed rail and consider their cultural influence. While the main advantage of the high speed rail lines is convenience for people to get from one city to another as quickly as possible, some of these high speed lines have become popular tourist attractions（places that many tourists visit）. A good example of this is the Hefei-Fuzhou high speed line. Technically speaking, this was one of the most challenging high speed rail routes ever built; nearly 90% of the track was laid either on bridges or in tunnels（隧道）. However, the amazing views are worth it, as the train goes through some of China’s most beautiful mountainous areas, including the Huangshan and the Wuyi Mountain Ranges. As China has gained skills and knowledge in high speed rail, it is trying to export（出口）its technology to other countries. Its first project on the international market was the line connecting Istanbul with Turkey’s capital, Ankara, 530 kilometers away. This was followed by projects among other countries. Perhaps its most challenging project is a Trans Asian network（横贯亚洲铁路网）connecting China with Europe. Although it is difficult, China will make every effort to take on this plan. It is hoped to be completed by 2030 as a part of China’s Belt and Road Initiative（一带一路的倡议）. Thanks to high speed rail, the travel time between main cities in China has already been reduced to only a few hours. So this convenience should improve the development within and out of China. No doubt, it will also bring the people of the country closer together, and in time bring about deep social changes. 47．How many kilometers of high speed track does China have now? A．Over 38,000. B．Over 30,000. C．Over 45,000. D．Over 57,000. 48．Why does the writer talk about the Hefei-Fuzhou line in Paragraph 2? A．To prove how fast the high speed lines can be. B．To stress how convenient the high speed lines are. C．To explain high speed lines can be popular tourist attractions. D．To show the technical development of the high speed lines. 49．What is the most challenging project that China plans to take on? A．Inventing faster trains. B．Connecting China with Europe. C．Designing and building its own trains. D．Connecting the whole country in 2030. 50．What advantages does the high speed rail have? A．It should improve the development within and out of China. B．It takes only a few hours to travel between main cities in China by high-speed train. C．It will bring the people of the country closer together, and bring about deep social changes. D．All the above. 51．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Racing to the Future B．Great Changes in China C．Rising China in the World D．High Speed Rail in the World 【答案】47．B 48．C 49．B 50．D 51．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国目前拥有超过30000公里的高速铁路，预计到2025年将增至38000公里。详细地介绍了中国高铁的发展和未来的计划。 47．细节理解题。根据“China now has more than 30, 000 kilometers of high speed track,”可知中国目前拥有超过30000公里的高速铁路，故选B。 48．细节理解题。根据“While the main advantage of the high speed rail lines is convenience for people to get from one city to another as quickly as possible, some of these high speed lines have become popular tourist attractions（places that many tourists visit）. A good example of this is the Hefei-Fuzhou high speed line.”（虽然高铁线路的主要优势是方便人们尽快从一个城市到另一个城市，但其中一些高铁线路已成为热门旅游景点（许多游客都会去的地方）。合福高铁就是一个很好的例子。）可知是为了解释高铁线路可以成为热门的旅游景点，故选C。 49．细节理解题。根据“Perhaps its most challenging project is a Trans Asian network（横贯亚洲铁路网）connecting China with Europe. ”可知中国计划承担的最具挑战性的项目是连接中国和欧洲。故选B。 50．细节理解题。根据“Thanks to high speed rail, the travel time between main cities in China has already been reduced to only a few hours. So this convenience should improve the development within and out of China. No doubt, it will also bring the people of the country closer together, and in time bring about deep social changes.”（多亏了高铁，中国主要城市之间的旅行时间已经缩短到只有几个小时。因此，这种便利应该会促进中国国内外的发展。毫无疑问，它还将使该国人民更加紧密地团结在一起，并最终带来深刻的社会变革。）可知ABC选项都是高铁的优势，故选D。 51．最佳标题题。根据“No doubt, it will also bring the people of the country closer together, and in time bring about deep social changes.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了中国目前拥有超过30000公里的高速铁路，预计到2025年将增至38000公里。详细地介绍了中国高铁的发展和未来的计划，所以A选项“奔向未来”符合语境，故选A。 （十二） （2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）It is often said, “You can’t live only on air.” But now the Chinese scientists can tell you: Maybe you can. Recently, some Chinese scientists have developed a new technique（技术）. They turned CO2, one of the main greenhouse gases, into starch（淀粉）. Starch is the main part of flour（面粉）, rice and corn that we eat every day. Usually, it’s created by plants with CO2, water and sunlight.According to the team’s director Ma Yanhe, it takes the plants nearly 60 steps to produce starch. But now, the team, after six years of hard work, has found a simpler way to do this, with only 11 steps. “Our study shows that creating something like starch is possible in a lab, and this technology may be helpful in many areas.” said Ma. The scientists first turned CO2 and hydrogen（氢气）into methanol（甲醇）. Then they pieced（分解）these methanol molecules（分子）into bigger and more complex（复杂的）molecules. Finally the starch was produced. This method makes it possible to produce food in factories, replacing traditional farming. This will not only help make plenty of food, but also save water and land. It may also help recycle CO2 to deal with climate（气候）change, according to China Daily. The study can be helpful in space, too. Astronauts may no longer need to worry about their food as they travel in space. They may simply turn the CO2 they breathe out into the food they eat! 52．With a new technique, the Chinese scientists could turn ________ into starch. A．CO2 B．air C．water D．sunlight 53．Plants can create ________ with CO2, water and sunlight. A．methanol B．hydrogen C．starch D．greenhouse gas 54．According to the last two paragraphs, the new method may not help ________. A．produce food in factories B．recycle CO2 to deal with climate change C．save water and land D．send astronauts into space 55．According to the passage, which of the following is wrong? A．Producing starch in the lab needs fewer steps now. B．The new technology may be helpful in many areas. C．The method will help make plenty of food. D．The study will be of no help to astronauts. 56．The passage may be from a ________. A．guidebook B．magazine C．poem D．novel 【答案】52．A 53．C 54．D 55．D 56．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国科学家成功利用二氧化碳合成了淀粉。这是我国在淀粉人工合成方面取得的一项重大突破。 52．细节理解题。根据“some Chinese scientists have developed a new technique（技术）. They turned CO2, one of the main greenhouse gases, into starch”可知，科学家把二氧化碳转化成淀粉。故选A。 53．细节理解题。根据“Starch is the main part of flour（面粉）, rice and corn that we eat every day…it’s created by plants with CO2, water and sunlight”可知植物可以用二氧化碳、水和阳光合成淀粉。故选C。 54．推理判断题。根据“This method makes it possible to produce food in factories（这种方法使得在工厂生产食物成为可能） ”“save water and land，（节约水和土地）”“help recycle CO2 to deal with climate （气候） change，（有助于回收二氧化碳以应对气候变化。）”可知，这种方法不包括把宇航员送入太空。故选D。 55．推理判断题。根据“Astronauts may no longer need to worry about their food as they travel in space”可知，这项研究对宇航员是有帮助的，D表述错误，故选D。 56．推理判断题。文章介绍的是科学家开发的一项新技术，以及新技术的用途，故推断它可能是发表在杂志上的文章。故选B。 （十三） （2022·辽宁锦州·中考真题）根据短文内容从各题的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案，并将其代表字母涂在答题卡的相应位置。 Last year, at 00:23 on October 16th, the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft (宇宙飞船) rose into the sky. After flying around the earth for six months, the three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIII mission (飞行任务) returned home on April 16th, 2022. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu successfully finished China’s longest manned (载人的) spaceflight. Chinese astronauts get difficult training before going to space. The high-G training simulates the environment when the spacecraft takes off. Sitting in a super-fast spinning (旋转) machine, astronauts’ face muscles (肌肉) change shape. They cry tears as they spin. Blood can’t flow (流动) to their brains properly, causing a lack (缺少) of oxygen (氧气) and even blindness. Astronauts must operate the spacecraft under these conditions. Another exhausting (使耗尽的) exercise is the underwater training which lasts (持续) seven hours each time. It simulates a weightless environment. Wang Yaping had to wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks in 10-meter-deep water without eating or going to the toilet. When Chinese astronauts do the high-G training, they have a red button on hand. If they feel too sick and can’t stand it anymore, they can press it to stop the spinning machine. But for over 20 years since China set up its first astronaut team in 1998, not a single person has ever used it. 57．According to the passage, China’s longest manned spaceflight lasted ________. A．4 months B．6 months C．10 months D．16 months 58．The underlined word “simulates” in the second paragraph means ________ in Chinese. A．保护 B．破坏 C．改善 D．模拟 59．Which is TRUE when the spacecraft takes off? A．Astronauts may be deaf. B．Astronauts may not see things. C．Astronauts’ blood will stop flowing. D．Astronauts’ facial (面部的) expressions won’t lose control. 60．Astronauts can use the red button on hand to ________. A．make oxygen B．start the training C．stop the spinning machine D．record the time 61．Where do you think this passage may come from? A．A newspaper. B．A travel guide. C．A story book. D．A food magazine. 【答案】57．B 58．D 59．B 60．C 61．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国宇航员在进入太空之前接受了艰苦的训练，在高重力训练模拟了航天器起飞时的环境。 57．细节理解题。根据“After flying around the earth for six months, the three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIII mission (飞行任务) returned home on April 16th, 2022.”可知航天飞行持续了6个月。故选B。 58．词义猜测题。根据“Sitting in a super-fast spinning(旋转) machine, astronauts’ face muscles (肌肉) change shape”（坐在超高速旋转的机器中，宇航员的面部肌肉会改变形状。）可推知在这种机器上是模拟高重力环境，故选D。 59．推理判断题。根据“Blood can’t flow (流动) to their brains properly, causing a lack (缺少) of oxygen (氧气) and even blindness.”可知在高重力环境中，血液不能正常流向他们的大脑，导致缺氧甚至失明。故选B。 60．细节理解题。根据“When Chinese astronauts do the high-G training, they have a red button on hand. If they feel too sick and can’t stand it anymore, they can press it to stop the spinning machine.”可知宇航员可以使用手边的红色按钮来停止旋转的机器，故选C。 61．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了中国宇航员在进入太空之前接受了艰苦的训练，在高重力训练模拟了航天器起飞时的环境。所以这篇文章可能来自报纸，故选A。 （一） （2024·辽宁实验中学·三模）Have you ever imagined going inside of a video game? That dream may soon become real. It’s called the “metaverse（元宇宙）”. The metaverse is a shared virtual（虚拟的）3D world. The word is made up of “meta”, which means beyond, and “verse” which refers to “universe”. The word first appeared in a science fiction book called Snow Crash in 1992. In this story, people wear virtual reality（VR）headsets to see and join the metaverse. Now, what happens in the book is becoming a reality. Wearing a VR headset, you can meet other people wherever they are. You also can work and play with them. It will feel real because the technology can simulate（模拟）our senses: vision, hearing, touch and even smell. “The metaverse is about creating another reality, another world, which is as rich as the real world. So, what can you do inside the metaverse? Your location will no longer matter, ” says VOA News. It means that in the metaverse, people will be connected at all times. You can meet friends from other countries and go on a virtual beach vacation together. You can go to the beach on the moon, or anywhere else you can imagine. Can’t find a friend to play basketball? Jump into the metaverse and find some friends to play with or go to a concert! Cathy Hackl, an expert in metaverse technology, said her son’s first concert was inside a video game. “Although it happened in a video game, it didn’t make it less real for him, ” she said. Perhaps the metaverse will change our idea of what is real.      1．Paragraph 2 mainly tells us ________. A．how to join the metaverse B．what happened in the book Snow Crash C．where the word “metaverse” comes from D．when the book Snow Crash came out 2．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________. A．VR headsets B．other people C．our senses D．video games 3．What is Cathy Hackl’s attitude toward the metaverse? ________ A．The technology still needs to be developed. B．It is not good for kids to join the metaverse. C．The metaverse will hardly change our lives. D．The metaverse is a different kind of reality. 4．Which can be the best title for this passage? ________ A．A Virtual 3 D Movie B．Metaverse Is Happening C．Metaverse in the Books D．Snow Crash 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了“元宇宙”这一概念，它是一个共享的虚拟三维世界， 由“meta”（超越）和“verse”（宇宙）两个词组成。在元宇宙中，人们可以随时相互连接，无论身在何处，可以与来自其他国家的朋友一起度假、打篮球或去听音乐会。元宇宙可能会改变我们对现实的看法。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The metaverse is a shared virtual（虚拟的）3D world. The word is made up of “meta”, which means beyond, and “verse” which refers to “universe”. The word first appeared in a science fiction book called Snow Crash in1992.（元宇宙是一个共享虚拟的三维世界。这个词由”meta”和”verse”组成，meta指的是超越，verse指的是“宇宙”。这个词首次出现在1992年的一本科幻小说《雪崩》中。）”可知，第2段告诉我们“元宇宙”一词的来源。故选C。 2．词句推测题。根据前句“Wearing a VR headset, you can meet other people wherever they are. You also can work and play with them.（戴上VR耳机，你可以在任何地方与他人见面。你也可以和他们一起工作和玩耍。）”以及结合选项可知，此处them指的是“其他人”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Cathy Hackl, an expert in metaverse technology, said her son’s first concert was inside a video game. ‘Although it happened in a video game, it didn’t make it less real for him, ’” she said.（元宇宙技术专家Cathy Hackl说，她儿子的第一场音乐会是在电子游戏中举行的。她说：“虽然这件事发生在电子游戏中，但对他来说并没有减少真实感。”）可知，Cathy Hackl认为元宇宙是另一种现实。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Have you ever imagined going inside of a video game? That dream may soon become real. It’s called the ‘metaverse（元宇宙）’，（你有没有想过走进一个电子游戏里？这个梦想可能很快就会实现，这叫做“元宇宙”。）”以及结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了元宇宙正在发生，正在改变我们的世界和生活，故文章的最佳标题应是“元宇宙正在发生”。故选B。 （二） （2024·辽宁本溪·三模）When you open a certain mobile app, there is usually an open-app ad. If you shake your phone a bit, some of these ads can send you to another app. And this has caused heated discussion online recently. These open-app ads are like “doors”—no matter which app you open, you may always end up in those apps that have more ads. During online shopping festivals, for example, users are usually led to shopping apps. The government has already introduced a number of rules for this problem. A rule in December 2022 told us how these open-app ads should operate. Instead of just shaking your phone, the rotation angle (旋转角度) of the phone should be larger than 35 degrees, and the time spent shaking the phone should be longer than 3 seconds. At the same time, the ads must have a clear button (按钮) to let users close them. However, putting these rules into action can be difficult. The Internet companies release more than one million apps every month. The total number of apps is large. That makes it hard to check every app. However, this shouldn’t be the reason for the mobile apps to step out of these “lines”. In fact, over 90 percent of users strongly dislike such open-app ads. Such ads only make fewer users want to use them. To attract more users, the apps should respect their choices and provide them with ads that they can choose to click on only if they want to. 5．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Open-app ads. B．Shopping festivals. C．Certain apps. D．Some shopping rules. 6．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A．It’s difficult to deal with open-app ads. B．Most users don’t like such open-app ads. C．There are some rules to solve the problem. D．Actually, open-app ads are harmful to apps. 7．What does the underlined word “release” mean? A．come out B．look through C．shut off D．give up 8．What can we know from the text? A．All of the ads can lead the users to shopping apps. B．Many users think the ads are helpful and necessary. C．Open-app ads make Internet users like the app better. D．We have a long way to go in managing open-app ads. 【答案】5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了用户打开某个手机应用程序时弹出的开放应用广告问题以及解决此问题的建议。 5．主旨大意题。根据“When you open a certain mobile app, there is usually an open-app ad. If you shake your phone a bit, some of these ads can send you to another app”以及文章可知，本文讲述的是关于开启应用程序的广告，故选A。 6．段落大意题。根据“The government has already introduced a number of rules for this problem. ”可知，第三段介绍了政府解决这个问题的制度，故选C。 7．词义猜测题。根据“The Internet companies release more than one million apps every month”可知，此处指的是互联网公司每月发布超过100万个应用程序。come out和release意思相近，故选A。 8．推理判断题。根据“To attract more users, the apps should respect their choices and provide them with ads that they can choose to click on only if they want to.”为了吸引更多的用户，应用程序应该尊重他们的选择，为他们提供广告，让他们只有在愿意的情况下才可以选择点击。由此可知，在管理开放应用广告方面，我们还有很长的路要走。故选D。 （三） （2024·辽宁鞍山·二模）There are quite a few advantages of wearing school uniforms. The idea may seem disagreeable at first, but thinking all the good results of wearing uniforms, you would be more likely to enjoy them. Teachers love school uniforms because they provide a good learning environment for students. And they can pay their attention to study rather than style. Buying school uniforms is easy and needs less thought. No matter what the school rules are, there are only some basic styles to the clothes. And school uniforms can last a long time, so it won’t break the bank. Parents could also enjoy an easy morning, as it will take less time to choose a set of clothes for the school day. Students wearing uniforms will feel easier about choosing what to wear. Some students may not like the lack of individuality (个性)with uniforms, but some school dress rules may offer them the chance to show their unique (独特的) styles. And uniforms today are also becoming more fashionable and can be found in many areas of pop culture. Superstars and fashion designers are using uniforms as encouragement for new looks which also interest students. 9．Teachers think that wearing school uniforms ________. A．is just a tradition that students should follow B．makes students feel uncomfortable C．helps students pay attention to their study D．makes students lose unique styles 10．The underlined part “it won’t break the bank” in the third paragraph means “________”. A．a school uniform doesn’t cost a lot of money B．students should wear uniforms every day C．parents have to go to the bank many times D．parents working in a bank can afford the uniform 11．From the passage, we can know that school uniforms ________. A．will be designed by students B．are not popular with superstars C．are not accepted by parents D．will be more fashionable in the future 12．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．How to deal with study in school. B．How to dress school uniforms beautifully. C．The history of wearing school uniforms. D．The advantages of wearing school uniforms. 【答案】9．C 10．A 11．D 12．D 【导语】本文主要介绍穿校服带来的好处。 9．细节理解题。根据“Teachers love school uniforms because they provide a good learning environment for students. And they can pay their attention to study rather than style.”可知，老师们喜欢校服，因为它们为学生提供了良好的学习环境。学生可以把注意力放在学习上，而不是穿衣风格上。故选C。 10．词义猜测题。根据“And school uniforms can last a long time”可知，校服可以穿很久，就不用经常买，这样就可以省钱。故选A。 11．细节理解题。根据“And uniforms today are also becoming more fashionable and can be found in many areas of pop culture. Superstars and fashion designers are using uniforms as encouragement for new looks which also interest students.”可知，校服会变得更时尚。故选D。 12．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍穿校服带来的好处。故选D。 （四） （2024·辽宁大连·二模）“Do you know where my father is?” Jady asked her friend Karen. “There,” Karen said, and pointed at Jady’s father with her finger. Jady turned to Karen and frowned (皱眉). Then she walked away. She didn’t speak to Karen much for the rest of the party. Karen couldn’t understand what went wrong. That’s because Karen forgot about body language. We all know how difficult it can be to speak to people from other cultures. But there’s also a language of movement called body language. For Karen from Canada, it was no problem to point at someone who is older than she is. But for Jady, it was very rude. Different cultures have many different rules about body language. Kissing is one important example. In France and much of Europe, you should kiss new friends on one or both cheeks (脸颊). But in India and much of the Middle East, a man kissing a woman in public would be shocking. Think about how you treat little children. In many parts of the world, people often pat (轻拍) children on the head. But that would be unacceptable in most of Southeast Asia. When you listen to a story, do you look the storyteller in the eye? In the United States, you should from time to time. In the Middle East, it is normal to make eye contact for a long period of time. But in Japan and Korea, that would be rude. Communication doesn’t stop at our mouths. We use our whole bodies to communicate. Remember that there are as many rules for body language as for spoken language. 13．For Jady, it was________ to point at someone who is older. A．rude B．polite C．nice D．lucky 14．________, you should kiss new friends on one or both cheeks. A．In India B．In France C．In the Middle East D．In China 15．Which of the following is similar in meaning to “make eye contact”? A．catch one’s eye B．do eye exercises C．look someone in the eye D．take care of one’s eyes 16．What is the passage mainly about? A．Rules for spoken language. B．Ways of language learning. C．Body language across cultures. D．The importance of language. 【答案】13．A 14．B 15．C 16．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了肢体语言在不同文化中的差异。 13．细节理解题。由“For Karen from Canada, it was no problem...But for Jady, it was very rude.”可知，对Jady而言，用手指着某个年长的人是粗鲁的。故选A。 14．细节理解题。由“In France and much of Europe, you should kiss new friends on one or both cheeks.”可知，在法国人们要亲吻新朋友的面颊。故选B。 15．词义猜测题。由倒数第二段中“When you listen to a story, do you look the storyteller in the eye... for a long period of time. ”可知，本段在谈论听故事时是否“直视说话人的眼睛”，即该段第一句中的“look the storyteller in the eye”，故推测“make eye contact”意为“look someone in the eye”。故选C。 16．主旨大意题。通读全文以及最后一段中的“Remember that there are as many rules for body language as for spoken language.”可知，全文主要在谈论不同文化中，肢体语言的规则不一样。故选C。 （五） （2024·辽宁锦州·二模）US company Motorola created the first cellphone in 1973. The brick-sized phone could only make calls for 30 minutes. Today, we have 5G smartphones that look very different and can do a lot more. What will the future phones be like? Most foldable (可折叠的) phones today can only fold the screen up and down or left and right. But in the future, phones will be much more flexible (灵活的). In October 2023, Motorola put out a new phone. People can wear it like a bracelet(手环) and bend(弯曲) it into different shapes. Apple is also working on a way to make foldable screens with fewer creases (折痕). Not only will the phones become flexible, but they will also be able to fix themselves. Professor Zhenan Bao from Stanford University made an electronic skin (皮肤) that can fix itself with heat and magnets (磁). This skin acts like human skin, stretching(拉伸) without tearing (撕破). If it is used to make phones, the technology could lead to devices that could fix scratches (划痕) by themselves. People will also power (充电) phones in ways that are different from now. For example, using solar energy (太阳能). In 2016, Kyocera Corporation from Japan and French company Sun Partner Technologies made a phone with solar panels (电池板) in the screen. It takes three minutes of sunlight to charge for one minute of talk time. But it still needs traditional batteries (电池). In the future, faster and independent solar charging could make solar-powered phones more popular. 17．What will the phones be like in the future? A．More expensive. B．More flexible. C．More dangerous. D．More useful. 18．On a cell phone, an electronic skin can ________. A．control the heat of the cell phone B．protect the users' skin C．make the screen stronger D．fix most problems with the cell phone 19．What might lead more people to use solar energy to charge their phones? A．Smaller solar panels. B．Cheaper solar panels. C．Faster-charging solar panels. D．Longer-lasting solar panels. 20．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Correct ways to use the phones B．A successful company-Motorola C．Telephoning future D．History of the phones 【答案】17．B 18．C 19．C 20．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了未来手机会是什么样的。 17．细节理解题。根据“But in the future, phones will be much more flexible (灵活的).”可知，在未来手机会更加灵活。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据“Not only will the phone s become flexible, but they will also be able to fix themselves.”和“This skin acts like human skin, stretching(拉伸) without tearing (撕破). If it is used to make phones, the technology could lead to devices that could fix scratches (划痕) by themselves.”可知，电子皮肤被应用于手机，它会自我修复屏幕划痕，因此是让屏幕变得更强壮。故选C。 19．细节理解题。根据“In 2016, Kyocera Corporation from Japan and French company Sun Partner Technologies made a phone with solar panels (电池板) in the screen. It takes three minutes of sunlight to charge for one minute of talk time.”可知，太阳能电池板可以让手机快速充电。故选C。 20．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了未来手机会是什么样的。故选C。 （六） （2024·辽宁营口·二模）It has been two months since Richard Watson placed 200 special transmitters (信号发射机) for his cows. They are parts of an AI system named Ida. This AI system can send messages to Watson’s phone when his cows are healthy or when they are not feeling well. It can tell how many animals are sick to the dairy farmers (奶农) and also help them pick out the sick animals. With the AI system, farmers can get the information from their phones instead of going to the farms to check animals every day. So this AI system can help people spend their free time doing other things. Many dairy farmers are interested in Ida. Watson is one of them. On a common morning in March, he took out his phone to check his Ida App. It showed that Cows #97800 and #97782 were eating less. This might mean that there was something wrong with them. However, some farmers say, “I can find out the sick cow just by looking at her eyes.” Mark Rodgers is a neighbor of Watson’s. He said, “This is what I can do by myself. My experience can help me look after them better. Technology isn’t useful.” Ida was developed by Yasir Khokhar, the boss of the company. He said he came up with the idea while he was living on a farm in Holland. The system can record cow’s behaviors by studying videos of them. The company is still trying to improve this technology to provide much more convenience for farmers. 21．According to the text, the AI system Ida can help farmers ________. ① chat with their animals ② pick out the sick animals ③ record animals’ behaviors ④ change animals’ food A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．②④ 22．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? A．Farmers have problems feeding cows. B．Farmers are busy doing other things. C．This AI system is used in different ways. D．This AI system is popular with dairy farmers. 23．Which of the following best describes Yasir Khokhar? A．Creative. B．Brave. C．Honest. D．Friendly. 24．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Yasit Khokhar will stop his company business. B．Richard Watson will keep more cows on his farm. C．Mark Rodgers doesn’t want any help from the system. D．The system can also provide the cows with music lessons. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一项名为Ida的AI科技给奶农带来的好处及便利，虽然仍有一些奶农并不认可这项技术，但开发公司仍在努力改进，以便为奶农提供更好的服务。 21．细节理解题。根据“... also help them pick out the sick animals.”和“The system can record cow’s behaviors by studying videos of them.”可知，它可以帮助奶农挑出患病的动物，以及记录动物的行为。故选B。 22．段落大意题。根据“Many dairy farmers are interested in Ida. Watson is one of them.”可知本段主要介绍了这个人工智能系统很受奶农的欢迎。故选D。 23．推理判断题。根据“He said he came up with the idea while he was living on a farm in Holland.”可知他是在荷兰的一个农场生活时想出这个主意的，可见他很有创造力。故选A。 24．推理判断题。根据“Mark Rodgers is a neighbor of Watson’s. He said, ‘This is what I can do by myself. My experience can help me look after them better. Technology isn’t useful.’”可知他认为他的经验可以帮助他更好地照顾动物，科技并不总是有用的，由此可推知Mark Rodgers不希望系统提供任何帮助。故选C。 （七） （2024·辽宁辽阳·三模） Chinese Folk MusicChinese folk music has something to do with ancient Chinese stories. One of the classics, shijing, included some folk songs from the West Zhou to the Spring and Autumn Period. Traditional Chinese musical instruments include guzheng, pipa, erhu, xiao and so on. Chinese PaintingIn ancient China, most of the Chinese paintings were done on paper or silk. Traditional Chinese painting includes mountains and water, flowers and birds, figures. The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and water. Chinese Calligraphy (书法)Chinese calligraphy is a special art of Asian cultures. Brush calligraphy is much loved around the world. Wang Xizhi, a calligrapher in the Song Dynasty, was famous for brush calligraphy. He made great achievements and played an important role in Chinese calligraphy. WeiqiDo you know whịch English word can express the meaning of weiqi? Yes, the word “go” means weiqi. Weiqi, called “yi” in ancient China, is a smart board game between two players with a history of over 3, 000 years. People believe weiqi is the beginning of all ancient chess games. There are 181 black stones and 180 white stones. 25．Which of the following is connected with ancient Chinese stories according to the text? A．Chinese folk music. B．Weiqi. C．Chinese calligraphy. D．Chinese painting. 26．What is the highest form of Chinese painting according to the text? A．Flowers and birds. B．Women and men. C．Fishes and insects. D．Mountains and water. 27．What can we know about Wang Xizhi from the text? A．He was born in the Spring and Autumn. Period. B．He was good at Chinese painting using a brush. C．He made a big difference in Chinese calligraphy. D．He mixed Chinese calligraphy and ancient stories. 28．How many stones are there in the game of go? A．12. B．180. C．181. D．361. 【答案】25．A 26．D 27．C 28．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了几项中国的传统文化，具体包括中国书法、中国民间音乐、中国画和围棋。 25．细节理解题。根据“Chinese folk music has something to do with ancient Chinese stories. ”可知，中国民间音乐与中国古代故事有关。故选A。 26．细节理解题。根据“The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and water”可知，中国画的最高形式是山水。故选D。 27．细节理解题。根据“He made great achievements and played an important role in Chinese calligraphy.”可知，王羲之在中国书法中取得了巨大的成就，发挥了重要的作用。故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据“There are 181 black stones and 180 white stones.”可知，围棋一共有361颗棋子，故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 阅读理解之说明文 （一） （2024·辽宁统考·中考真题）We’re plants. Give us your care and we will bring joy to you. Please take us home, will you? PLANTS Get to know us Flowers We bring bright colors! Houseplants We are green and light up rooms! Succulents (多肉植物) We don’t need much care! Vegetables How about home-grown food? Give us a home We can live in a pot. It can be put near a window, by a sofa or under a tree. Placing us on a wall will bring you much fun. We love it, too. Care for us Spring We may need fertilizers (化肥). Summer We hate harmful insects. Autumn We need less water. Winter Give us a larger home if necessary. 1．According to the text, ________ don’t need much care. A．flowers B．houseplants C．succulents D．vegetables 2．It’s fun to put a pot of plants ________. A．on a wall B．by a sofa C．near a window D．under a tree 3．Plants need to be protected from harmful insects, especially in ________. A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 4．Which part of a magazine is the text most probably taken from? A．Art. B．Life. C．Sports. D．History. （二） （2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）Have you ever heard of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park? It is our own “Amazon”. If you travel there, what can you enjoy? Animals The park is home to Hainan gibbons (长臂猿). They look like monkeys, but have no tails. They eat fruits and leaves from over 130 kinds of plants. In the 1980s, there were fewer than 10 gibbons in the park. In 2022, there were 36 because people protected their homes and planted trees. Plants The park is a “live museum” of plants. It is also the home to 133 kinds of national key protected plants. Cycas hainanensis (海南苏铁) is an example. It has big, feather-like leaves. It grows slowly, but can live as long as 200 years. It probably won’t grow flowers or fruits in North China. But in Hainan, cycas hainanensis over 10 years old blossom (开花) and bear fruits almost every year. Culture Miao and Li people have lived in the park for generations (世代). Their houses look like upside-down boats. They are built above the ground to keep away animals. Li people make clothes from bark (树皮). Their history of tree bark clothing dates back to about 10,000 years ago. Some people still use bark clothing nowadays. 5．What was the population of Hainan gibbons in the 1980s? A．Less than 10. B．More than 30. C．Nearly 130. D．Only 133. 6．What can we know about cycas hainanensis from the text? A．It can grow very quickly. B．It never grows flowers. C．It can live up to 200 years. D．It has very small leaves. 7．What is tree bark used to do by Li people? A．To avoid animals. B．To build houses. C．To produce boats. D．To make clothes. 8．In which part of a magazine can we probably find the text? A．Art. B．Travel. C．Health. D．Sports. （三） （2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China points out the importance of reading and calls on people to read more books, so shared bookhouses have appeared in many places. Reading has become a trend in our country. A reading campaign (行动) took place in Shenyang in April, 2023. Many people took part in it. Li Hong, a girl from a junior high school, said, “My mother and I took part in the campaign because both of us like reading. Books are our necessary furniture in our house. I know a lot about Chinese classic (经典的) works. Reading makes my life colourful and will change my dream into reality (现实).” Reading is one thing, but knowing how to read and what to read is another. There are mainly three kinds of reading: recreational reading, study-type reading and survey reading. Recreational reading can bring you much fun. You can read at a relaxed speed. Study-type reading usually needs you to read the text very carefully to understand the ideas and details. Survey reading is a way of reading fast to get the main idea or find the information you need. What kind of books should you read? Emerson, a great writer and thinker, had three rules: never read a book that is not a year old; never read any but famous books; never read a book you don’t like. Good books can lift you to a higher plane (境界). Whatever you read, read with interest, with the whole mind. Try to be a best reader. If you are getting the most out of a book, you will do things more confidently. Reading is rewarding (有益的)! 9．What can we infer (推断) about Li Hong from the second paragraph? A．There is no other furniture in her house but books. B．Her mother teaches Chinese in a junior high school. C．She has probably read the book Journey to the West. D．She has changed her dream because of the campaign. 10．Which of the following probably belongs to survey reading? A．Learning a long poem at a relaxed speed. B．Reading a novel carefully to write a report. C．Enjoying interesting comic strips as you like. D．Searching newspapers quickly for something. 11．What kind of books should we read according to Emerson? A．Books that are well known. B．Books that cost a lot of money. C．Books that are about rules. D．Books that come out within a year. 12．What is the purpose of writing this text? A．To introduce a reading campaign. B．To advise us to build bookhouses. C．To encourage people to read books. D．To tell us about some classic works. （四） （2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）In Pontevedra, Spain, people don’t shout. Since cars are not allowed in the city, there are no horns（喇叭）or noises from car engines. People don’t have to try hard to make themselves heard. What you hear in the street, instead, is the singing of birds. “Listen,” says Miguel Lores, the mayor（市长）, opening the windows of his office. From the street below rises the sound of human voices. “More than 14,000 cars used to pass along this street every day. There were more cars passing through the city in a day than people living here. Lores became mayor in 1999. He spent months walking around the city. “The historical city is dead,” he said one day. “It is full of cars. It is heavily polluted. There are a lot of traffic accidents. The elderly and children aren’t able to use the streets because of cars. People who had a chance to leave have done so.” At first, Lores thought of improving traffic conditions. However, he couldn’t come up with a good plan. After lots of discussions, the government finally decided to get rid of（清除）cars. The change has brought Pontevedra many benefits. Traffic accidents are now rare（罕见的）. CO2 emissions（排放物）are down by 70%. Many people are moving to the city, making it lively again. Most local people like the change. Ramiro Armesto, a mother of two young children, said, “In the past, the first thing to see in the morning was traffic jams. Now, the city is cleaner, quieter and safer.” Raquel Garcia, another parent, said she had stayed in many cities around the world. However, she had never lived in a city as “easy to live in” as Pontevedra. “Even if it’s raining, I walk everywhere. The feeling is wonderful,” she added. 13．From Paragraph 1, we know Pontevedra is a(n) ________ city in Spain. A．ancient B．quiet C．busy D．crowded 14．For Lores, what was the city Pontevedra’s main problem? A．The historical city was dead. B．There were lots of traffic accidents. C．Many people were leaving the city. D．There were too many cars in the city. 15．The underlined word “benefits” probably means “________” in English. A．choices B．advantages C．problems D．symbols 16．What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To show how people like the change. B．To let more cities follow the change. C．To explain what people think of the city. D．To tell why people like living in Pontevedra. 17．What is the best title of the passage? A．A city without cars. B．The path to a city’s progress. C．A good plan for a city. D．The changes of Pontevedra. （五） （2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）China has made a system of laws to protect the environment. It has helped build beautiful China, according to a work report. The system includes the Environmental Protection Law and a lot of laws in some other areas, such as the Yangtze River Protection Law, the Yellow River Protection Law, the Black Soil (土壤) Protection Law, the law on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and so on. These environmental protection laws assist with beautiful China. China protects and improves the environment in which people live. It has made great efforts to prevent and control pollution. Over the past five years, the air quality (质量) has stayed at the good level on 86.5 percent of the days in cities. The country has also made progress in preventing and controlling soil pollution and continued to protect forests, rivers, lakes and so on. What’s more, China has managed to make laws to protect wild animals and plants, provide homes for many animals and teach the public to help them. Animals are friends of humans, and protecting animals is also to protect the home of humans. A good environment is important to humans. Without the fresh air or clean water, we can’t live on the earth. The Chinese government has taken action to protect both the environment and ourselves. 18．There are at least ________ laws in Paragraph 2. A．5 B．6 C．7 D．8 19．The underlined word “assist” in Paragraph 2 is similar to ________. A．part B．agree C．help D．deal 20．According to Paragraph 3, we have done something to protect the animals, including ________. ①providing homes for many animals ②giving animals more food ③teaching the public to help animals ④making laws to protect wild animals and plants A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 21．Over the past five years, the air quality in cities has generally stayed at the ________ level. A．bad B．terrible C．poor D．good 22．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．A system of laws has been made to protect soil around China. B．The country has made progress in preventing river pollution. C．China protects and improves the environment in which people live. D．China has taken action to protect the environment and humans. （六） （2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）Lots of scientists are studying robots today. Many robots don’t always look like people. Some are like big machines, and some are nothing but long arms. However, modern robots are smart. Some can solve problems on their own. Robots are more and more useful and important in our life. They help us a lot. In factories, robots can help people do a lot of work. They work faster and do not need a rest. People will feel bored if they do the same job again and again, but robots will not. They can work in some dangerous places where people cannot. Robots are useful in our homes, too. They can help us do some cooking. They can help the blind people read newspapers, help the old people move some heavy things and so on. If we have some other problems, we can also ask them for help. However, robots are not so clever as people. They cannot think like us. If we do not “teach” them how to do things first, they can do nothing. It’s possible that we will have our own robots, and they will help us to do more things in the future. 23．What can we know from the first paragraph? A．No robots are like big machines. B．Robots all have long arms. C．Robots are in different shapes. D．Robots can’t work out problems by themselves. 24．Where are robots helpful to us according to the third paragraph? A．In factories. B．In banks. C．In our houses. D．In libraries. 25．What is the advantage of robots according to the text? A．They are as clever as people. B．They will become tired. C．They can think like people. D．They can work in dangerous places. 26．What is the text mainly about? A．It’s about what robots will be like in the future. B．It’s about what robots can do in many years. C．It’s about how robots are used in our life. D．It’s about how scientists invented robots. 27．Where is the text probably from? A．A science magazine. B．A guide book. C．Sports news. D．A music textbook. （七） （2023·辽宁锦州·中考真题）In the year 2070, most of you will be more than 60 years old. The good news is that travel might become smarter by that time. European airline(航空公司) easyJet has made some predictions and released(发布) easyJet 2070—The Future Travel Report. Let’s take a look at some cool ideas. Heartbeat(心跳) passport Paper passports will be a thing of the past. You will use “heartbeat passports” instead. According to experts, everyone’s heartbeat is different. So the data(数据) will be used to tell who you are. More comfortable flight(飞行) The seats on the plane will no longer be “one size fits all”. You’ll actually be able to book(预定) a seat according to your body type(型). The seat might even be able to cool or warm you to your preferred temperature. There will also be no more screens on the back of your seats. A future device(设备) could show movies straight in front of your eyes. Printed clothes and food If you hate packing clothes, you may not need to do it in the future. Before you fly, you will have a body scan(扫描). When you arrive, you’ll find a wardrobe(衣橱) filled with 3D-printed clothes in your size. When you leave, the clothes can be recycled and reprinted for the next person. You can also 3D print whatever you want to eat. Bring history back to life If you like to visit places of interest, augmented reality(增强现实) will change the game. Wearing a headset(头戴式耳机), you can see what happened there, such as a famous war. 28．In 2070, heartbeat passports will be used because _________. A．paper passports are a waste of paper B．the data of everyone’s heartbeat will tell who they are C．they can be made at a lower price D．experts don’t allow people to use paper passports 29．_________ will make you comfortable in your flight in 2070. ①A seat according to your body type     ②Movies shown straight in front of your eyes ③Big screens on the back of your seats   ④A seat with your preferred temperature A．①③④ B．①②③ C．①②④ D．②③④ 30．In 2070, if you don’t like packing clothes, you can _________ according to Paragraph 4. A．have your clothes posted B．buy your clothes in the store C．recycle clothes for yourself D．scan your body and your clothes will be ready 31．What might you see with a headset if you visit the Palace Museum in 2070? A．People are watching the Olympic Games. B．The emperor is talking with the ministers. C．Some people are building the Great Wall. D．Some students are having a sports meeting. 32．What will be the best title of the passage? A．Good ideas for future travel B．Better lifestyles in the future C．Future devices on the plane D．High technology in 2070 （八） （2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）Recently, researchers in Israel have done an experiment and found that goldfish are able to navigate(导航) on land after receiving around 10 driving lessons. The experiment was performed by a research team at the Ben-Gurion University. It was made to see whether goldfish could find their way in a very different environment. Researchers developed a robotic car that could drive forward, backward and from side to side. They called the car FOV—“Fish Operated Vehicle”(鱼驱动车). A goldfish was placed inside a water box on the FOV. Using a set of wheels with a camera system, the FOV recorded the fish’s movements and swimming directions, and then moved in the same direction. The scientists worked with six different goldfish. They placed the car in a small room with a pink target(目标) on one side. The fish would get food when the car touched the target. After a few days of training, the fish navigated to the target. At first, it took them about half an hour to drive to the target. But by the end of the experiment, they were able to complete the same task in less than a minute. Shachar Givon, one of the researchers, said, “As anyone who has tried to learn how to ride a bike or to drive a car knows, it is challenging at first.” Not only did the goldfish show that they could drive to the target, but they also weren’t fooled by false targets of other colors. They were also able to get free when the car hit a wall. Although the fish may not have realized they were moving on land, these results show that a fish has the ability to navigate outside its nature environment of water. It can enrich scientific knowledge of animals’ navigation skills. 33．What is the purpose of the goldfish experiment? A．To see if goldfish could tell different colors. B．To see if goldfish could find food and living places. C．To see if goldfish could navigate in a different environment. D．To see if goldfish could ride a bike or drive a car like humans. 34．What can be learned about the FOV? A．It was placed inside a water box. B．It could follow the fish’s movements. C．It was driven by a camera system. D．It could control the fish’s directions. 35．The goldfish would get food as long as the car ________. A．touched the pink target B．moved in the small room freely C．avoided hitting a wall D．touched the targets of other colors 36．What can we learn from Shachar Givon’s words? A．It was important for the goldfish to drive a car. B．It was impossible for the goldfish to navigate. C．It was meaningless for the goldfish to be trained at first. D．It was hard for the goldfish to reach the target at the start. 37．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Good Use of a Robotic Car B．An Experiment on Animals C．Goldfish’s Ability to Navigate on Land D．Goldfish’s Skills to Drive a Car on Land （九） （2022·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）Would you try food made of rubbish? When world leaders got together at the UN for a meeting on climate(气候) change, they had a special lunch. The food was made from something that most of us would throw away. There was a salad made of vegetable scraps(剩菜叶). The leaders also had hamburgers made of fruit left over from juicing. The UN said this reminded people about food waste and the bad influence it has on climate change. “Food waste is not often noticed in climate change, and that is shameful when so many people are in hunger.” said a government secretary. Most people don’t even realize how much food they throw away every day. Sometimes they cook too much or they don’t use it in time. Every year more than one-third of all food produced worldwide goes to waste, according to the UN. Stop the waste, and the whole world could save $300 billion from wasted food. More importantly, it could also do less harm to the environment. Think about a bag of cheese(奶酪). Before we buy it at the store, people have to raise the cows, deal with the milk, and drive to the shop to sell the cheese. If you throw the cheese away, you have wasted energy, fuel(燃料) and water, which give out greenhouse gases that add to global warming. The UN said if we stop throwing good food away, we could cut down up to 17 million tons of CO₂. The good of that would be the same as taking one in every four cars off the road. 38．Why did the writer think the lunch was special? A．Because the vegetables were made into juice. B．Because the leaders had a salad and hamburgers. C．Because food was cooked from something thrown away. D．Because the lunch was prepared with different fresh fruits. 39．What does food waste influence at last? A．Fuel. B．Cars. C．Cows. D．Climate. 40．What can you infer(推断) from the text? A．Even small actions can help make our world better. B．We should buy a bag of cheese from the supermarket. C．Most people have already paid attention to food waste. D．Saving food is more important than driving cars less often. 41．Which of the following is the best title of the text? A．Cheese—Healthy for people B．A meeting—Traditional at the UN C．Food waste—Bad for the environment D．Greenhouse gases—Dangerous to the Earth （十） （2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）①Otters (水獭) are cute water animals. Recently, there has been a trend (趋势) of keeping them as pets. In Japan, some “otter cafes” are open for business. People can pay to play with the otters there and to take photos with them. In Indonesia, people go swimming with their pet otters and take “funny” videos. These photos and videos posted online have attracted more people to buy otters as pets. ②However, these photos and videos mask the fact that the online trade is doing harm to otters. In the wild, baby otters usually stay with their mothers during their first year of life. According to a report, 70 percent of otters sold online are under a year old. These baby otters have been stolen from their mothers. When they’re kept as pets by humans, they do not live full, natural lives. ③Otters are very social (群居的). They live in family groups of up to fifteen in the wild. Keeping an otter as a pet can make it very sad and lonely. These animals also need enough space to swim. Their owners’ bathtubs (浴缸) or pools are much smaller than the bodies of water in the wild. ④On the other hand, it is not wise to keep otters as pets at home. They have a very special fishy smell. If they’re kept indoors, they will leave a lot of droppings around the house. This would make the smell even more unpleasant. Besides, when otters are upset, they will make loud noises and even attack (攻击) people. If a person is bitten by an otter, he or she needs to go to the hospital immediately. ⑤So, what can we do to stop the otter pet trade? Well, one of the main ways is to let more people know that otters should not be kept as pets. We should also keep an eye on online posts about these animals. When photos and videos show baby otters being kept or sold as pets, don’t share them. 42．People like to keep otters as pets because they are ________. A．lonely B．cute C．friendly D．quiet 43．The underlined word “mask” has the closest meaning to ________. A．show B．protect C．hide D．change 44．Because of the online pet trade, otters ________. A．may often fall ill B．can’t live a social life C．have no food to eat D．have no place to swim 45．What does Paragraph ④ mainly tell us? A．Otters don’t make good pets. B．Otters are dangerous to people. C．Otters may live a hard life as pets. D．Otters often make a mess in the room. 46．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To stop people from keeping pets at home. B．To introduce the ways of protecting pet otters. C．To show the facts of the online otter pet trade. D．To tell people to say no to the otter pet trade. （十一） （2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）China now has more than 30, 000 kilometers of high speed track, and this is expected to increase to 38,000 kilometers by 2025. Fully two thirds of the world’s high speed rail（by length）is in China. Here, we track the exciting technological developments in high speed rail and consider their cultural influence. While the main advantage of the high speed rail lines is convenience for people to get from one city to another as quickly as possible, some of these high speed lines have become popular tourist attractions（places that many tourists visit）. A good example of this is the Hefei-Fuzhou high speed line. Technically speaking, this was one of the most challenging high speed rail routes ever built; nearly 90% of the track was laid either on bridges or in tunnels（隧道）. However, the amazing views are worth it, as the train goes through some of China’s most beautiful mountainous areas, including the Huangshan and the Wuyi Mountain Ranges. As China has gained skills and knowledge in high speed rail, it is trying to export（出口）its technology to other countries. Its first project on the international market was the line connecting Istanbul with Turkey’s capital, Ankara, 530 kilometers away. This was followed by projects among other countries. Perhaps its most challenging project is a Trans Asian network（横贯亚洲铁路网）connecting China with Europe. Although it is difficult, China will make every effort to take on this plan. It is hoped to be completed by 2030 as a part of China’s Belt and Road Initiative（一带一路的倡议）. Thanks to high speed rail, the travel time between main cities in China has already been reduced to only a few hours. So this convenience should improve the development within and out of China. No doubt, it will also bring the people of the country closer together, and in time bring about deep social changes. 47．How many kilometers of high speed track does China have now? A．Over 38,000. B．Over 30,000. C．Over 45,000. D．Over 57,000. 48．Why does the writer talk about the Hefei-Fuzhou line in Paragraph 2? A．To prove how fast the high speed lines can be. B．To stress how convenient the high speed lines are. C．To explain high speed lines can be popular tourist attractions. D．To show the technical development of the high speed lines. 49．What is the most challenging project that China plans to take on? A．Inventing faster trains. B．Connecting China with Europe. C．Designing and building its own trains. D．Connecting the whole country in 2030. 50．What advantages does the high speed rail have? A．It should improve the development within and out of China. B．It takes only a few hours to travel between main cities in China by high-speed train. C．It will bring the people of the country closer together, and bring about deep social changes. D．All the above. 51．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Racing to the Future B．Great Changes in China C．Rising China in the World D．High Speed Rail in the World （十二） （2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）It is often said, “You can’t live only on air.” But now the Chinese scientists can tell you: Maybe you can. Recently, some Chinese scientists have developed a new technique（技术）. They turned CO2, one of the main greenhouse gases, into starch（淀粉）. Starch is the main part of flour（面粉）, rice and corn that we eat every day. Usually, it’s created by plants with CO2, water and sunlight.According to the team’s director Ma Yanhe, it takes the plants nearly 60 steps to produce starch. But now, the team, after six years of hard work, has found a simpler way to do this, with only 11 steps. “Our study shows that creating something like starch is possible in a lab, and this technology may be helpful in many areas.” said Ma. The scientists first turned CO2 and hydrogen（氢气）into methanol（甲醇）. Then they pieced（分解）these methanol molecules（分子）into bigger and more complex（复杂的）molecules. Finally the starch was produced. This method makes it possible to produce food in factories, replacing traditional farming. This will not only help make plenty of food, but also save water and land. It may also help recycle CO2 to deal with climate（气候）change, according to China Daily. The study can be helpful in space, too. Astronauts may no longer need to worry about their food as they travel in space. They may simply turn the CO2 they breathe out into the food they eat! 52．With a new technique, the Chinese scientists could turn ________ into starch. A．CO2 B．air C．water D．sunlight 53．Plants can create ________ with CO2, water and sunlight. A．methanol B．hydrogen C．starch D．greenhouse gas 54．According to the last two paragraphs, the new method may not help ________. A．produce food in factories B．recycle CO2 to deal with climate change C．save water and land D．send astronauts into space 55．According to the passage, which of the following is wrong? A．Producing starch in the lab needs fewer steps now. B．The new technology may be helpful in many areas. C．The method will help make plenty of food. D．The study will be of no help to astronauts. 56．The passage may be from a ________. A．guidebook B．magazine C．poem D．novel （十三） （2022·辽宁锦州·中考真题）根据短文内容从各题的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案，并将其代表字母涂在答题卡的相应位置。 Last year, at 00:23 on October 16th, the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft (宇宙飞船) rose into the sky. After flying around the earth for six months, the three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIII mission (飞行任务) returned home on April 16th, 2022. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu successfully finished China’s longest manned (载人的) spaceflight. Chinese astronauts get difficult training before going to space. The high-G training simulates the environment when the spacecraft takes off. Sitting in a super-fast spinning (旋转) machine, astronauts’ face muscles (肌肉) change shape. They cry tears as they spin. Blood can’t flow (流动) to their brains properly, causing a lack (缺少) of oxygen (氧气) and even blindness. Astronauts must operate the spacecraft under these conditions. Another exhausting (使耗尽的) exercise is the underwater training which lasts (持续) seven hours each time. It simulates a weightless environment. Wang Yaping had to wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks in 10-meter-deep water without eating or going to the toilet. When Chinese astronauts do the high-G training, they have a red button on hand. If they feel too sick and can’t stand it anymore, they can press it to stop the spinning machine. But for over 20 years since China set up its first astronaut team in 1998, not a single person has ever used it. 57．According to the passage, China’s longest manned spaceflight lasted ________. A．4 months B．6 months C．10 months D．16 months 58．The underlined word “simulates” in the second paragraph means ________ in Chinese. A．保护 B．破坏 C．改善 D．模拟 59．Which is TRUE when the spacecraft takes off? A．Astronauts may be deaf. B．Astronauts may not see things. C．Astronauts’ blood will stop flowing. D．Astronauts’ facial (面部的) expressions won’t lose control. 60．Astronauts can use the red button on hand to ________. A．make oxygen B．start the training C．stop the spinning machine D．record the time 61．Where do you think this passage may come from? A．A newspaper. B．A travel guide. C．A story book. D．A food magazine. （一） （2024·辽宁实验中学·三模）Have you ever imagined going inside of a video game? That dream may soon become real. It’s called the “metaverse（元宇宙）”. The metaverse is a shared virtual（虚拟的）3D world. The word is made up of “meta”, which means beyond, and “verse” which refers to “universe”. The word first appeared in a science fiction book called Snow Crash in 1992. In this story, people wear virtual reality（VR）headsets to see and join the metaverse. Now, what happens in the book is becoming a reality. Wearing a VR headset, you can meet other people wherever they are. You also can work and play with them. It will feel real because the technology can simulate（模拟）our senses: vision, hearing, touch and even smell. “The metaverse is about creating another reality, another world, which is as rich as the real world. So, what can you do inside the metaverse? Your location will no longer matter, ” says VOA News. It means that in the metaverse, people will be connected at all times. You can meet friends from other countries and go on a virtual beach vacation together. You can go to the beach on the moon, or anywhere else you can imagine. Can’t find a friend to play basketball? Jump into the metaverse and find some friends to play with or go to a concert! Cathy Hackl, an expert in metaverse technology, said her son’s first concert was inside a video game. “Although it happened in a video game, it didn’t make it less real for him, ” she said. Perhaps the metaverse will change our idea of what is real.      1．Paragraph 2 mainly tells us ________. A．how to join the metaverse B．what happened in the book Snow Crash C．where the word “metaverse” comes from D．when the book Snow Crash came out 2．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________. A．VR headsets B．other people C．our senses D．video games 3．What is Cathy Hackl’s attitude toward the metaverse? ________ A．The technology still needs to be developed. B．It is not good for kids to join the metaverse. C．The metaverse will hardly change our lives. D．The metaverse is a different kind of reality. 4．Which can be the best title for this passage? ________ A．A Virtual 3 D Movie B．Metaverse Is Happening C．Metaverse in the Books D．Snow Crash （二） （2024·辽宁本溪·三模）When you open a certain mobile app, there is usually an open-app ad. If you shake your phone a bit, some of these ads can send you to another app. And this has caused heated discussion online recently. These open-app ads are like “doors”—no matter which app you open, you may always end up in those apps that have more ads. During online shopping festivals, for example, users are usually led to shopping apps. The government has already introduced a number of rules for this problem. A rule in December 2022 told us how these open-app ads should operate. Instead of just shaking your phone, the rotation angle (旋转角度) of the phone should be larger than 35 degrees, and the time spent shaking the phone should be longer than 3 seconds. At the same time, the ads must have a clear button (按钮) to let users close them. However, putting these rules into action can be difficult. The Internet companies release more than one million apps every month. The total number of apps is large. That makes it hard to check every app. However, this shouldn’t be the reason for the mobile apps to step out of these “lines”. In fact, over 90 percent of users strongly dislike such open-app ads. Such ads only make fewer users want to use them. To attract more users, the apps should respect their choices and provide them with ads that they can choose to click on only if they want to. 5．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Open-app ads. B．Shopping festivals. C．Certain apps. D．Some shopping rules. 6．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A．It’s difficult to deal with open-app ads. B．Most users don’t like such open-app ads. C．There are some rules to solve the problem. D．Actually, open-app ads are harmful to apps. 7．What does the underlined word “release” mean? A．come out B．look through C．shut off D．give up 8．What can we know from the text? A．All of the ads can lead the users to shopping apps. B．Many users think the ads are helpful and necessary. C．Open-app ads make Internet users like the app better. D．We have a long way to go in managing open-app ads. （三） （2024·辽宁鞍山·二模）There are quite a few advantages of wearing school uniforms. The idea may seem disagreeable at first, but thinking all the good results of wearing uniforms, you would be more likely to enjoy them. Teachers love school uniforms because they provide a good learning environment for students. And they can pay their attention to study rather than style. Buying school uniforms is easy and needs less thought. No matter what the school rules are, there are only some basic styles to the clothes. And school uniforms can last a long time, so it won’t break the bank. Parents could also enjoy an easy morning, as it will take less time to choose a set of clothes for the school day. Students wearing uniforms will feel easier about choosing what to wear. Some students may not like the lack of individuality (个性)with uniforms, but some school dress rules may offer them the chance to show their unique (独特的) styles. And uniforms today are also becoming more fashionable and can be found in many areas of pop culture. Superstars and fashion designers are using uniforms as encouragement for new looks which also interest students. 9．Teachers think that wearing school uniforms ________. A．is just a tradition that students should follow B．makes students feel uncomfortable C．helps students pay attention to their study D．makes students lose unique styles 10．The underlined part “it won’t break the bank” in the third paragraph means “________”. A．a school uniform doesn’t cost a lot of money B．students should wear uniforms every day C．parents have to go to the bank many times D．parents working in a bank can afford the uniform 11．From the passage, we can know that school uniforms ________. A．will be designed by students B．are not popular with superstars C．are not accepted by parents D．will be more fashionable in the future 12．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．How to deal with study in school. B．How to dress school uniforms beautifully. C．The history of wearing school uniforms. D．The advantages of wearing school uniforms. （四） （2024·辽宁大连·二模）“Do you know where my father is?” Jady asked her friend Karen. “There,” Karen said, and pointed at Jady’s father with her finger. Jady turned to Karen and frowned (皱眉). Then she walked away. She didn’t speak to Karen much for the rest of the party. Karen couldn’t understand what went wrong. That’s because Karen forgot about body language. We all know how difficult it can be to speak to people from other cultures. But there’s also a language of movement called body language. For Karen from Canada, it was no problem to point at someone who is older than she is. But for Jady, it was very rude. Different cultures have many different rules about body language. Kissing is one important example. In France and much of Europe, you should kiss new friends on one or both cheeks (脸颊). But in India and much of the Middle East, a man kissing a woman in public would be shocking. Think about how you treat little children. In many parts of the world, people often pat (轻拍) children on the head. But that would be unacceptable in most of Southeast Asia. When you listen to a story, do you look the storyteller in the eye? In the United States, you should from time to time. In the Middle East, it is normal to make eye contact for a long period of time. But in Japan and Korea, that would be rude. Communication doesn’t stop at our mouths. We use our whole bodies to communicate. Remember that there are as many rules for body language as for spoken language. 13．For Jady, it was________ to point at someone who is older. A．rude B．polite C．nice D．lucky 14．________, you should kiss new friends on one or both cheeks. A．In India B．In France C．In the Middle East D．In China 15．Which of the following is similar in meaning to “make eye contact”? A．catch one’s eye B．do eye exercises C．look someone in the eye D．take care of one’s eyes 16．What is the passage mainly about? A．Rules for spoken language. B．Ways of language learning. C．Body language across cultures. D．The importance of language. （五） （2024·辽宁锦州·二模）US company Motorola created the first cellphone in 1973. The brick-sized phone could only make calls for 30 minutes. Today, we have 5G smartphones that look very different and can do a lot more. What will the future phones be like? Most foldable (可折叠的) phones today can only fold the screen up and down or left and right. But in the future, phones will be much more flexible (灵活的). In October 2023, Motorola put out a new phone. People can wear it like a bracelet(手环) and bend(弯曲) it into different shapes. Apple is also working on a way to make foldable screens with fewer creases (折痕). Not only will the phones become flexible, but they will also be able to fix themselves. Professor Zhenan Bao from Stanford University made an electronic skin (皮肤) that can fix itself with heat and magnets (磁). This skin acts like human skin, stretching(拉伸) without tearing (撕破). If it is used to make phones, the technology could lead to devices that could fix scratches (划痕) by themselves. People will also power (充电) phones in ways that are different from now. For example, using solar energy (太阳能). In 2016, Kyocera Corporation from Japan and French company Sun Partner Technologies made a phone with solar panels (电池板) in the screen. It takes three minutes of sunlight to charge for one minute of talk time. But it still needs traditional batteries (电池). In the future, faster and independent solar charging could make solar-powered phones more popular. 17．What will the phones be like in the future? A．More expensive. B．More flexible. C．More dangerous. D．More useful. 18．On a cell phone, an electronic skin can ________. A．control the heat of the cell phone B．protect the users' skin C．make the screen stronger D．fix most problems with the cell phone 19．What might lead more people to use solar energy to charge their phones? A．Smaller solar panels. B．Cheaper solar panels. C．Faster-charging solar panels. D．Longer-lasting solar panels. 20．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Correct ways to use the phones B．A successful company-Motorola C．Telephoning future D．History of the phones （六） （2024·辽宁营口·二模）It has been two months since Richard Watson placed 200 special transmitters (信号发射机) for his cows. They are parts of an AI system named Ida. This AI system can send messages to Watson’s phone when his cows are healthy or when they are not feeling well. It can tell how many animals are sick to the dairy farmers (奶农) and also help them pick out the sick animals. With the AI system, farmers can get the information from their phones instead of going to the farms to check animals every day. So this AI system can help people spend their free time doing other things. Many dairy farmers are interested in Ida. Watson is one of them. On a common morning in March, he took out his phone to check his Ida App. It showed that Cows #97800 and #97782 were eating less. This might mean that there was something wrong with them. However, some farmers say, “I can find out the sick cow just by looking at her eyes.” Mark Rodgers is a neighbor of Watson’s. He said, “This is what I can do by myself. My experience can help me look after them better. Technology isn’t useful.” Ida was developed by Yasir Khokhar, the boss of the company. He said he came up with the idea while he was living on a farm in Holland. The system can record cow’s behaviors by studying videos of them. The company is still trying to improve this technology to provide much more convenience for farmers. 21．According to the text, the AI system Ida can help farmers ________. ① chat with their animals ② pick out the sick animals ③ record animals’ behaviors ④ change animals’ food A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．②④ 22．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? A．Farmers have problems feeding cows. B．Farmers are busy doing other things. C．This AI system is used in different ways. D．This AI system is popular with dairy farmers. 23．Which of the following best describes Yasir Khokhar? A．Creative. B．Brave. C．Honest. D．Friendly. 24．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Yasit Khokhar will stop his company business. B．Richard Watson will keep more cows on his farm. C．Mark Rodgers doesn’t want any help from the system. D．The system can also provide the cows with music lessons. （七） （2024·辽宁辽阳·三模） Chinese Folk MusicChinese folk music has something to do with ancient Chinese stories. One of the classics, shijing, included some folk songs from the West Zhou to the Spring and Autumn Period. Traditional Chinese musical instruments include guzheng, pipa, erhu, xiao and so on. Chinese PaintingIn ancient China, most of the Chinese paintings were done on paper or silk. Traditional Chinese painting includes mountains and water, flowers and birds, figures. The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and water. Chinese Calligraphy (书法)Chinese calligraphy is a special art of Asian cultures. Brush calligraphy is much loved around the world. Wang Xizhi, a calligrapher in the Song Dynasty, was famous for brush calligraphy. He made great achievements and played an important role in Chinese calligraphy. WeiqiDo you know whịch English word can express the meaning of weiqi? Yes, the word “go” means weiqi. Weiqi, called “yi” in ancient China, is a smart board game between two players with a history of over 3, 000 years. People believe weiqi is the beginning of all ancient chess games. There are 181 black stones and 180 white stones. 25．Which of the following is connected with ancient Chinese stories according to the text? A．Chinese folk music. B．Weiqi. C．Chinese calligraphy. D．Chinese painting. 26．What is the highest form of Chinese painting according to the text? A．Flowers and birds. B．Women and men. C．Fishes and insects. D．Mountains and water. 27．What can we know about Wang Xizhi from the text? A．He was born in the Spring and Autumn. Period. B．He was good at Chinese painting using a brush. C．He made a big difference in Chinese calligraphy. D．He mixed Chinese calligraphy and ancient stories. 28．How many stones are there in the game of go? A．12. B．180. C．181. D．361. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$