1.1 UNIT 1 people of achievement Reading and Thinking (分层训练)-【大单元教学】高二英语同步备课系列（人教版2019选择性必修第一册）

Unit 1 People of achievement Period 1 Reading and Thinking 培优层级1——基础多维巩固 ●Ⅰ 单词拼写 根据句意及汉语提示填写单词 1．The digital economy is ________ (关键的) in today's world. 2．Cultural exchange is ________ (极其重要的) for the countries like China and Fiji to learn from each other for common development. 3．The children from poor families were at a ________ (明显的) disadvantage. 4．The hospital has recently ________ (获得) new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated. 5．The candidate waved his hands to ________ (感谢) the cheers of the crowd. 6．With her luggage in her hands, the girl stood looking round in all directions, but ________ (显然) no one had come to meet her. 7．His discovery is one of the greatest ________ (科学的) achievements of the decade. 8．This book teaches you how to ________ (分析)what is causing the stress in your life. 9．As soon as the results of the vote were announced, the President acknowledged ________ (失败). 10．I stood in the kitchen, waiting for the water to ________ (烧开). ●Ⅱ 单句语法填空 1．With a hope of ________ (enter) Peking University, the boy works hard day and night. 2．They insist on ________ (give) a chance to defeat the other team. 3．It's difficult for me to make a ________ (distinct) between the twins. 4．________ (defeat) by her partner again, the girl decided to find a new way. 5．It is vital that we ________ (make) good use of each minute at school. 6．He made a ________ (commit) to donating $50，000 to the scientific research. 7．With the intention of achieving his ________ (academy) goals, he ________ (commit) to his study ever since. 8．Upon ________ (graduate) from the university, the committed man took up a position in the company. 9．When the wheel got ________ (stick) in the mud, he tried his best to push the cart out with his shoulder. 10．Winning the game is crucial ________ the team, for the result will decide whether it can defend its title. ●Ⅲ 课文语法填空 The Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Tu Youyou, 1.________ research resulted in the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria. Tu Youyou, a 2.________ (commit) and patient scientist, graduated from Peking University Medical School at the age of 25. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists 3.________ the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers 4.________ (choose). Two years later, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find 5.________ (tradition) botanical treatments for the disease. One medical text from 6.________ fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu's team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. Tu analysed the medical texts again, and found one sentence 7.________ (suggest) a different way to treat the wormwood. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood 8.________ (apparent) destroyed its medical properties. 9.________ (use) a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked. This medicine, which 10.________ (call) artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria. 培优层级2 ——多维训练提能 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A On the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou, the winner of the 2015 Nobel Prize for the discovery of artemisinin, has been awarded China's Medal of the Republic. The medal is the country's highest honour for outstanding figures that have made great contributions to the construction and the development of the P．R.C. Tu Youyou, born in 1930, has become the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize, for her work in helping to create an anti­malaria medicine. The 84­year­old's route to the honour has been anything but traditional. In China, she is being called the “three nos” winner：no medical degree, no doctorate, and she's never worked overseas. In 1967, malaria, a then deadly disease, spread by mosquitoes was decimating Chinese soldiers fighting Americans in the jungles of northern Vietnam. A secret research unit “Mission 523” was formed to find a cure for the illness. Two years later, Tu Youyou was instructed to become the new head of “Mission 523”． “Mission 523” read ancient books carefully for a long time to find historical methods of fighting malaria. When she started her search for an anti­malaria drug, more than 240，000 compounds (化合物) around the world had already been tested, without any success. Finally, the team found a brief reference to one substance, sweet wormwood, which had been used to treat malaria in China around 400 A．D. The team took out one active compound in wormwood, and then tested it. But nothing was effective until Tu Youyou returned to the original ancient text. After another careful reading, she changed the drug recipe one final time, heating the compound without allowing it to reach boiling point. After the drug showed promising results in mice and monkeys, Tu Youyou volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug. “In any case, Tu Youyou is consistently praised for her drive and passion”. One former colleague, Lianda Li, says Ms Tu is “unsociable and quite straightforward”， adding that “if she disagrees with something, she will say it. ” Another colleague, Fuming Liao, who has worked with Tu Youyou for more than 40 years, describes her as a “tough and stubborn woman”. Stubborn enough to spend decades piecing together ancient texts, she applies them to modern scientific practices. The result has saved millions of lives. 1．According to Paragraph 2, we can learn that ________． A．Tu is the first woman to win a Nobel Prize B．Tu has a medical degree C．Tu's road to success is not traditional D．Tu discovered a cure for malaria 2．The underlined word “decimating” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by ________． A．encouraging B．killing C．annoying D．benefiting 3．Which of the following statements is true? A．Tu first invented the idea of using sweet wormwood as a cure. B．Tu was inspired by medical textbooks published in northern Vietnam. C．The compound needs to be heated to the boiling point to be effective. D．Over 240，000 compounds were proved ineffective before Tu's search. 4．Tu Youyou can be best described as a ________ person. A．devoted and stubborn B．straightforward and mean C．considerate and tough D．sociable and generous B Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape­recognition abilities to a human two­year­old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut. In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial­and­error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two­year­old babies. The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. 5．How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment? A．By following instructions. B．By using a tool. C．By turning the box around. D．By removing the lid. 6．Which task can human one­year­olds most likely complete according to the text? A．Using a key to unlock a door. B．Telling parrots from other birds. C．Putting a ball into a round hole. D．Grouping toys of different shapes. 7．What does the follow­up test aim to find out about the cockatoos? A．How far they are able to see. B．How they track moving objects. C．Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D．Whether they use a sense of touch in the test. 8．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．Cockatoos：Quick Error Checkers B．Cockatoos：Independent Learners C．Cockatoos：Clever Signal­Readers D．Cockatoos：Skilful Shape­Sorters C Lise Meitner was born in Vienna, Austria on November 7th, 1878. She was the third child of eight children in the family. Her father Philipp, who was a lawyer, hired personal teachers to teach the children, and she learned mathematics very well. Music was important to the family, and all the children learned to play the piano. The Meitner children were taught to listen to their parents, but to think for themselves. When Lise Meitner finished school at the age of 14, she could not go to college for higher education, as were all girls in Austria. But inspired by the discovery of Henri Becquerel, she was determined to study radioactivity (放射性). When she turned 21, women were finally allowed into Austrian universities. Meitner was admitted into the University of Vienna; there she was excellent at math and physics and earned her doctor's degree in 1906. She wrote to Marie Curie, but there was no room for her in the Paris lab, so Meitner made her way to Berlin. There she worked with Otto Hahn, but as an Austrian Jewish woman, she was excluded from the main labs and allowed to work only in the basement. In 1912, the pair moved to a new university and Meitner had better lab equipment. Though Meitner was forced to escape Nazi Germany in 1938, they continued to co­work. Meitner continued her work in Sweden and later they found the phenomenon “nuclear fission”. The discovery, which finally led to the atomic bomb, won Hahn the Nobel Prize in 1944. Meitner, ignored by the Nobel committee (委员会), refused to return to Germany after the war and continued her atomic research in Stockholm into her 80s. 9．What can we learn about Lise Meitner's childhood? A．She received a good education. B．She often went against her parents. C．She showed a great talent for music. D．She lived a hard life with her family. 10．Why didn't Lise Meitner go to college after finishing high school? A．She wasn't interested in college. B．Girls in her country were not allowed. C．Her family couldn't afford the school fees. D．She wanted to study radioactivity by herself. 11．What did Lise Meitner probably realize when working in Berlin? A．She was unfairly treated there. B．She made the wrong college choice. C．She should have kept her identity a secret. D．She should find a better partner than Otto Hahn. 12．What was most probably Lise Meitner's attitude toward the Nobel committee? A．Indifferent. B．Unclear. C．Angry. D．Supportive. Ⅱ.七选五 As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I'm often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey. •Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 1._________You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come. •Paint often and paint from life. There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 2.___________ •Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 3.____________Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club; we've all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. •4.___________Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. The journey you're on won't follow a straight path. 5.____________Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. A. Get out of your comfort zone. B. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don't throw away your beginner art. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. G. You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 课时跟踪检测 维度1 1．crucial　2.vital　3.distinct　4.obtained　5.acknowledge　6.apparently　7.scientific　8.analyse　9.defeat　10.boil 维度2 1．entering　2.being given　3.distinction　4.Defeated　 5．(should) make　6.commitment　7.academic; has been committed　8.graduating　9.stuck　10.to 维度3 1．whose　2.committed　3.with　4.chosen　5.traditional　6.the　7.suggesting　8.apparently　9.Using　10.was called 层级二　主题阅读训练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了发现青蒿素的科学家屠呦呦以及她的事迹。 1．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“The 84-year-old's route to the honour has been anything but traditional.” 可知， 这位84岁老者的荣誉之路一点也不传统。故从第二段我们可知， 屠呦呦的成功并不传统。 2．答案与解析：B　词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中“In 1967, malaria, a then deadly disease”可知， 疟疾是一种致命的疾病， 根据“A secret research unit ‘Mission 523’ was formed to find a cure for the illness.”可知， 一个秘密的小组被成立来寻找治愈这种疾病的方法。由此可知， 这种疾病正在杀死与美国人作战的中国士兵。故“decimating”意为“杀死”。 3．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“When she started her...success.” 可知， 当她开始寻找抗疟疾药物时， 全世界已经检测过24万多种化合物， 但都没有成功。由此可知， 在屠呦呦寻找之前， 超过24万种化合物被证明是无效的。 4．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Another colleague, ...‘tough and stubborn woman’．”可知， 同事形容屠呦呦是一个顽固的人。根据文章倒数第二段中“After the drug...drug.”可知， 在这种药物在老鼠和猴子身上显示出有希望的效果后， 屠呦呦自愿成为第一个接受这种新药的人。由此可知， 屠呦呦是一个有奉献精神的人。 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。 5．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. (虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，它们在关在笼子里时就能熟练地使用工具)”以及“the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “keys” would let out the nut. (研究人员给了这些鸟5把形状各异的“钥匙”供它们选择。插入正确的“钥匙”会让坚果出来)”可知，在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。故选B。 6．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age (在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里)”结合选项，可知，一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。故选C。 7．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. (根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状)”可推知，后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选D。 8．答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段“Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. (科芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类相似)”可推知，本文主要介绍了会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。D项“Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters (凤头鹦鹉：识别形状的熟练工)”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D。 【语篇解读】　莉泽·迈特纳是一位奥地利女科学家，文章介绍了她对核物理学的贡献。 9．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Her father Philipp, who was a lawyer, hired personal teachers to teach the children, and she learned mathematics very well. Music was important to the family, and all the children learned to play the piano.”可知，莉泽·迈特纳小时候接受了良好的教育。 10．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When Lise Meitner finished school at the age of 14, she could not go to college for higher education, as were all girls in Austria.”以及第三段第一句可知，莉泽·迈特纳高中毕业后没能上大学是因为当时在奥地利女孩子不允许上大学。 11．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“...but as an Austrian Jewish woman, she was excluded from the main labs and allowed to work only in the basement.”可知，由于身份的缘故，她被不公平地对待。 12．答案与解析：C　观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Meitner, ignored by the Nobel committee (委员会), refused to return to Germany after the war and continued her atomic research in Stockholm into her 80s.”可推断，迈特纳对诺贝尔奖委员会对自己的忽视感到非常气愤。 Ⅱ.七选五 【语篇解读】 1.C　空后一句讲到了"You'l want to look back on your joumey to see how aryou've come"(你会想要回顾自己的旅程,看看自己已经走了多远),因此空处应该会做一个关干"看什么来回顾"的铺垫,C项中的"vour beginner ar"可以帮助你看到自己从开始到现在走了多远,故C项符合语境。 2.G空处位于本段的结尾,空前一句讲到了"Whether you paint stillifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible"(无论你是画静物画、肖像画还是风景画,都要尽可能多地写生),G项"你将培养出只有重复才能得到的绘画肌肉记忆"讲到这样做的目的和好处,承接上文,符合语境。 3.A根据本段的主旨句"Continualy chalenge yoursef to try something new"可知,本段主要围绕"不断挑战自我去尝试新事物"展开,且空后讲到了"Aristic growth can be a bit painu"(艺术之旅的成长有时会有些令人痛苦).A项"走出你的舒适区"符合语境,且能引出下文,故选A项。4)结合本空的位置可知,本空考查段落主旨句。根据本段中的" 4.D and accepting constructive feedback(反馈)is crucia..Theymake me eel valued and respected"可知,本段讲到了可以利用社交媒体寻求建设性的反馈以及这样做的好处,故D项"分享你的作品,如果这样做让你觉得舒服"适合作本段的主旨句。 5.E引空前一句讲到了"The journey you're on won't folow a straight path"(你的旅途不会一路平坦),而空后讲到了" Push through, give ittime and put in the efor"(坚持下去,给它时间,付出努力),这是面对困境时的做法,因此空处应承接上一句,讲到旅途中的困难,故E项"你会遇到障碍,有时你会感到沮丧"符合语境。 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ “高中英语单元教学精品课程”课时作业设计单 基本信息 单元名称 People of achievement 年级 高二年级 学期 秋季 课时题目 Tu Youyou awarded Noble Prize 作业目标 通过基础性作业检测进一步巩固对课文基础知识的掌握情况。 通过提高类作业进一步检验学生对文章内涵以及语言风格的掌握情况。 作业设计 精选题目 设计意图 基础巩固（必做题建议5分钟完成） 一、阅读课文, 找出下列汉语的正确英文表达 1.被授予 2.导致 3.青蒿素的发现 4.挽救成千上万的生命 5.改善健康 6.死于 7.成为重要的组成部分 8.被认为 9.一位坚定而耐心的科学家 10.毕业于 11. 创建一支科学家队伍 12.目的是 13.首批入选的科技人员 14.成为带头人 15.抗击/对抗16.治疗发烧 17.不起作用 18. 一系列的干艾草叶 19. 被卡住 20. 承认失败 21. 抽出提取物 22. 确保 23. 依据，根据 24. 一听到 通过再读课文查找重点短语，进一步理解课文意思，积累语言。 综合运用（必做题，建议8间完成） 二、Complete the passage using the correct forms of the words from the text. When she was five years old, Lin Qiaozhi was 1 _____ (deep) affected by her mother’s death. At age 18, she chose to study medicine instead of following the traditional path of 2 _______ (marry) like the majority of girls. Eight years later, Lin 3_______ (graduate) from Peking Union Medical College and immediately became the first woman ever 4 _______ (hire) as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. In 1941, the department was closed because of the war. 5 _______ (think) of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened 6_______ private clinic. She treated the patients 7_______ her sisters and charged very low fees. In 1954, she 8 _______ (elect) to the first National People’s Congress. Dr Lin did not retire 9 _______ the day she died, 22 April 1983. Since she had no children of her own, she left her 10 _______ (save) to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. 综合运用课文中出现过的词汇，以正确形式填入空白处，进一步理解课文，学习运用主题相关语言。 拓展提升（每个任务建议15分钟时间完成） 三、1.（必做题）完成下列关于思维导图 2.完成下列语篇填空。 Among all the scientists, __________(我最钦佩的) is Qian Xuesen, a gifted rocket scientist who led China's rocket programs. Qian Xuesen was an outstanding scientist, who ________________(被认为是) the "father of China's aerospace".     After _____________ (从……毕业) Xi'an Jiaotong University, he received a doctoral degree in science. Qian Xuesen_________ (对……做出了巨大的贡献) the development of science, which paved the way for further research .He ____________(一生致力于) scientific research and his scientific findings benefited people all over the world. ____________(毫无疑问的) he is considered as one of the most respected doctors in China.    ____________  (这就是) Qian Xuesen, a great scientist who _____________(取得了巨大的成就) in his field. ____________(总之),he ____________(受到高度评价)by all Chinese people. His story tells us that we should _____________(珍惜我们所拥有的) and try our best to ______________(克服生活中的任何困难).)As a student, I will learn from him, fight for my own dream, and serve our country ____________(全心全意地) in the future, 梳理课文相关人物描述的语言，以思维导图的形式呈现，更直观地梳理课文词块。同时检验学生对课文的理解力以及对文本的分析能力。 针对不同语境描述，运用课本词块、句式完成篇章练习，检验学生对文章内涵的理解，对伟人以及人与社会的关系的探究。 作业展示与评估 1.展示要求：以图片形式展示学生所完成的典型作业，图片内容清晰，布局均衡、排版合理。 2.教师评估：鼓励单元作业设计者展示对学生作业的多元化评价，例如通过引进师生对评、生生互评等丰富教师对学生作业的评价维度和角度，实现教师对学情的精准把握，为进一步完善教学设计进行创新性探索。 【答案】 一、 1.be awarded to 2.lead to 3.the discovery of artemisnin 4.save hundreds and thousands of lives 5.improve health 6.die from 7.become a vital part of 8. be thought to 9. a committed and patient scientist 10.graduate from 11.form a team of 12.with the objective of 13.the first researchers chosen 14.become the head of 15.fight against 16.treat a fever 17.did not work 18.a collection of dried wormwood leaves 19.get stuck 20.acknowledge defeat 21. draw out the extract 22. make sure 23. according to 24. on hearing that 二、1. deeply 2. marriage 3. graduated 4. to be hired 5. Thinking 6. a 7. as 8. was elected 9. until 10. savings 三1.（略） 2.who l admire most, was acknowedged/regarded/considered as, graduating/graduaion from, made great contributions to, devotedallhis ife to. There's no doubt that. Such was. made oreatextraordinany achievements. in a word: is hiohly thought of, value whalwe have, overcome any difficulty in life, heart and soul ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$