精品解析：黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

2022级高二学年下学期期末考试 英语试题 考试时间: 120分钟 分值: 150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What impressed the woman most in China? A. The landmarks. B. The food. C. The people. 2. When will the meeting be held? A. Next month. B. This Wednesday C. Next Wednesday 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a supermarket. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A family gathering. B. A weekend plan C. A healthy diet. 5. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Change the monitor. B. Restart the computer. C. Find a technician. 第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman in charge of? A. Contacting employees. B. Arranging an awards dinner.C. Hosting a client meeting. 7. What will the man do next? A. Speak to the chef. B. Call the company C. Prepare for lunch. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the woman want to discuss with Mr. Dale? A. The performers’ position. B. The concert programs. C. The instruments on stage. 9. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and secretary B. Workmates. C. Director and actor. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the woman doing? A. Holding a press conference.B. Organizing a sport ing event.C. Conducting an interview. 11. What did the man do last year? A. He stopped working as an athlete. B. He won a medal in the Olympics. C. He played against Tottenham Hotspur. 12. What is the man’s focus this season? A. New strategies B. More medals. C. Better teamwork. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. Who is the pioneer of the Slow Food Movement? A. An Italian. B. A Spanish C. A Frenchman. 14. What caused the start of the Slow Food Movement? A. The opening of a fast food restaurant. B. An ad of a fast food company. C. A meal eaten in Rome. 15. How does the man consider fast food? A. Nutritious. B. Boring C. Tasty. 16. What is the main aim of the Slow Food Movement? A. To protect traditional dishes. B. To promote better lifestyles. C. To prevent eating fast food. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What part of work does the speaker do on his own? A. Thinking of stories. B. Developing programs. C. Writing dialogues. 18. What did the speaker plan to be? A. A violinist. B. A basketball player C. A journalist 19. When did the speaker decide to work in the video game industry? A. After hurting his hand. B. After leaving university. C. While studying in a film school. 20. What does the speaker love most about his job? A. They work in harmony. B. They get high salary. C. They win many prizes. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) A Some Useful Majors To Get Your Degree In College offers you many academic freedoms. You can develop existing hobbies and explore new interests — and find a major that will put you on the career path you want. In this article, we explore several of the most useful college majors you can pursue to increase your chances of landing a high-paying job after graduation. Medical and health preparatory programs These programs prepare individuals for medical school or other health-related programs and careers. Healthcare occupations such as those pursued by medical and health preparatory majors are expected to grow by 14% through 2028 and bring in an annual average income of $66,440. Statistics A degree in statistics prepares individuals for careers as statisticians, finance professionals and other related fields. This career field is in high demand and is expected to grow by 30% through 2028, which is significantly faster than other occupations. The average annual income for statisticians and similar careers is $87,780. Marine engineering (海事工程) A Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering prepares students with knowledge on various marine operating systems including offshore structures (离岸结构), boats and submarines. This career field is projected to grow by 9% between 2018 and 2028, which is faster than most other occupations. The medium income after graduation is $92,560. Economics Economics majors learn how economic systems work and how they impact society. Common occupations for economics majors include financial analysts, actuaries (精算师) and market research analysts. This career field is expected to grow by 8% through 2028 with a medium annual income of $104,340. 1. Which major leads to occupations with the most job growth? A. Medical and health preparatory programs. B. Statistics. C. Marine engineering. D. Economics. 2. What can you expect to learn about if you major in Economics? A. Health-related programs. B. Offshore structures. C. Marine operating systems. D. Economic systems. 3. What do the listed majors have in common? A. They guarantee highest-paying jobs. B. They are available in all colleges. C. They are welcomed in the job market. D. They equip students to work overseas. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导读】本文是说明文。介绍了当下几个很有用的大学专业。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二个小标题Statistics下的“This career field is in high demand and is expected to grow by 30%(这一职业领域的需求很大，预计将增长30%。)”可知，该专业相关岗位的就业增长率为30%，高于其它三个专业的14%、9%和8%，故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Economics majors learn how economic systems work(经济学专业的学生学习经济系统是如何工作的)”可知，会学和经济体系相关的内容，而其它三个选项内容均来自其它专业，故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。题干问文中所列几个专业有何共同点，由后面四段中的相关数据可知，所有专业相关的岗位在未来都预计增长，由此推论C项所说“在职业市场都受到欢迎”是合理的，而A项的guarantee highest-paying jobs“保证最高薪酬的工作”，B项的available in all colleges“所有大学均有开设”和D项的equip students to work overseas“让学生为海外工作做好准备”均依据不足，故选C。 B I had just picked up my new car, a very beautiful automobile if you’re into cars. A few months later,I was involved in an accident. That new and very beautiful car was destroyed. The accident was clearly not my fault. The other guy was so busy on his cell phone that he went right through a red light and slammed into the passenger side of my car. It was even scarier because my niece was asleep on the back seat and her father, my brother, was in the front passenger seat. He was not happy, to say the least. The police arrived and began taking statements. I explained that I had been going at about 55 kmph. “So you were going about 50 kmph...” he said. “No, I said I was doing about 55 kmph,” I said. “Right, so you were doing about 50 kmph…” again he repeated. In a slightly annoyed tone because I felt I wasn’t being heard, I said: “No! I was doing about 55 kmph!” “OK, if that’s the way you want it,” this time the officer simply replied. I didn’t realize it at the time, but I was shooting myself in the foot. My insurance company paid me for the damages to my car. However, I totally missed the boat on the other driver’s insurance company. The city speed limit is 50 kmph. I ended up getting 50 percent less than I would have from the other guy’s insurance company because I had insisted I was doing 55 kmph. It suddenly struck me that the traffic policeman had been trying to help me out. He hadn’t minded about the 5 kmph; he had known something about the insurance that I had not. I thought about what had happened again. I might have carried on insisting that I told the truth, but I could at least have said “Thank you” to him instead of acting so rudely. After all, he had been trying to help me out. Sometimes the hardest thing to do is to let other people talk while you simply shut up and listen. Never forget to hear, you have to be able to listen. 4. Why did the accident happen according to the text? A. The author was bad at driving. B. The other guy was absent-minded. C. The author’s car had a breakdown on the road. D. The author was speeding. 5. When the author insisted his speed was 55 kmph, the policeman . A. was confused at first and then got slightly annoyed B. ignored the author at first, then finally gave in to him C. didn’t listen and wrote down 50 kmph D. tried to help him out all the time 6. How did the author feel when he found out what the policeman had intended? A. He regretted being rude to the policeman. B. He regretted not listening to the policeman because he had had to pay more. C. He was proud that he had insisted on telling the truth. D He appreciated what the policeman had done and felt lucky to have met him. 7. What message does the story convey? A. it is important to be willing to listen to people B. we should appreciate those who help us C. honesty is the best policy D. people should insist on doing what they think is right 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者在驾车时出了交通事故，警察记录时，作者坚持说自己的速度是每小时55公里，对这名警察一直说是每小时50公里，忽略自己的话而感到恼怒，后来作者才意识到这位警察是想要帮助他。作者从这件事中感悟到愿意倾听是非常重要的。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The other guy was so busy on his cell phone that he went right through a red light and slammed into the passenger side of my car.(另一个人因为忙着打电话，直接闯了红灯，撞到了我的车的副驾驶座上。)”可知，这个事故的发生是因为另一个人心不在焉。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“In a slightly annoyed tone because I felt I wasn’t being heard, I said: “No! I was doing about 55 kmph!”(我有点恼火，因为我觉得没人听我说话，我说：“不！我当时的时速是55公里！”)”和第七段““OK, if that’s the way you want it,” this time the officer simply replied.(“好吧，如果这是你想要的。”这次警官简单地回答。)”可知，当作者坚持说他的速度是每小时55公里时，警察起初不理睬他，后来妥协了。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第十一段“I thought about what had happened again. I might have carried on insisting that I told the truth, but I could at least have said “Thank you” to him instead of acting so rudely. After all, he had been trying to help me out.(我又想起了刚才发生的事。我也许会继续坚持说我说的是实话，但我至少可以对他说声“谢谢”，而不是表现得如此粗鲁。毕竟，他一直在努力帮助我。)”可知，当作者发现这位警察的意图时，他非常后悔对对方如此粗鲁。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sometimes the hardest thing to do is to let other people talk while you simply shut up and listen. Never forget to hear, you have to be able to listen.(有时候，最困难的事情就是让别人说话，而你只是闭嘴倾听。永远不要忘记倾听，你必须有倾听的能力。)”可知，这个故事表明愿意倾听是非常重要的。故选A。 C Education in 2080 is distinctive from education in the 2020s. Until about 2035, the main function of education systems was to supply the economy with the next generation of workers. In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members. To make this a bit more tangible for you, I would like to give an example of what a child’s education looks like in 2080. Her name is Shemsy. Shemsy is 13, and she is confident and loves learning. Shemsy does not go to school in the morning because schools as you know them no longer exist. The institution was abolished as it was widely thought of as more like a prison or a factory than a creative learning environment. Schools have been replaced with “Learning Hubs” that are not restricted to certain ages. They are where intergenerational learning happens, in line with the belief that learning is a lifelong pursuit. Every year, Shemsy designs her learning journey for the year with a highly attentive “teacher-citizen”. Shemsy is actively engaged in designing her education and has to propose projects she would like to be involved in to contribute to and serve her community. She also spends lots of time playing as the role of play in learning has finally been recognized as essential and core to our humanity. Shemsy works a lot collaboratively. Access to education is universal, and higher education institutions no longer differentiate themselves by how many people they reject yearly. Variability between students is expected and leveraged (利用) as young people teach one another and use their differences as a source of strength. Shemsy naturally explores what she is curious about at a pace she sets. She still has some classes to take that are mandatory for children globally: Being Human and the History of Humanity. We invite you to think about your vision for education in the year 2080, what does it look like, who does it serve,and how does it transform our societies? 8. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us? A. There are different types of education. B. The present education needs improvements. C. Education and economy are closely associated. D. The goal of future education is fundamentally different. 9. What do we know about the Learning Hub that Shemsy goes to? A. It accepts students of all ages. B. It promotes competition. C. It discourages individualized learning. D. It is all about play-based learning. 10. What does the underlined word “mandatory” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Tough. B. Satisfactory. C. Optional. D. Required. 11. What is the suitable title for the text? A. An Example to All B. A Vision for Education C. A Challenge for Education D. A Journey into the Future 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Until about 2035, the main function of education systems was to supply the economy with the next generation of workers. In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members.(直到2035年左右，教育系统的主要功能是为经济提供下一代工人。在2080年，教育的目的是社会及其所有成员的福祉。)”可知，第一段主要告诉我们未来教育的目标是完全不同的。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Schools have been replaced with “Learning Hubs” that are not restricted to certain ages.(学校已经被不受年龄限制的“学习中心”所取代。)”可知，Shemsy去的学习中心接受所有年龄的学生。故选A。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Being Human and the History of Humanity(做人和人类历史)”可知，做人和人类历史应该是全球儿童必修的课程，划线词mandatory的意思是“必修的”，和required意思相近，故选D。 11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members. To make this a bit more tangible for you, I would like to give an example of what a child’s education looks like in 2080.(在2080年，教育的目的是社会及其所有成员的福祉。为了让你们更明白这一点，我想举一个2080年儿童教育的例子。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望，因此最恰当的标题是B选项“A Vision for Education(教育远景)”。故选B。 D Would you rather be an impressive employee in an ordinary firm, or land a role at the most well-known company in your industry? The answer to that question might seem highly personal, based on factors like whether or not you are a competitive person and how much you enjoy a challenge. In fact, there’s another strong factor at play: People from different cultures react very differently to that question. The psychologists from the University of Michigan asked people theoretical questions about the decisions they take. Specifically, the researchers compared people with East Asian backgrounds and European American backgrounds. They found that Americans are much more likely to favor being a big fish in a small pond. East Asians, and specifically Chinese people, are much more likely than Americans to lean towards being a smaller fish in a bigger pond. Researchers first asked 270 students at a large American university whether they would rather be a “big fish in a small pond” or the opposite. Of the students with East Asian American backgrounds, three quarters said they’d rather be a small fish, compared with just under 60% of students with European American backgrounds who said the same. The researchers then compared American and Chinese adults. They asked the participants whether they would rather attend a top university but perform below average, and whether they would rather work for a top global company but do less well in comparison to their peers. Over half the Chinese adults chose the famous university, compared with just a third of Americans. In the case of the firms, well over half of people from both groups chose to do better at a less well-known firm, but Chinese people were still more likely to choose being a “small fish” than were Americans. The final experiment sought to discover how American and Chinese people made judgments about whether they were succeeding. They found that Chinese people were more likely to compare their performance to the performance of people in other groups. Americans, meanwhile, were more likely to compare themselves to people within the same group, to judge whether or not they were doing well. In East Asian cultures, it’s “not enough that you know you’re doing well in your school,” said Kaidi Wu, a PhD student in psychology who led the research. “It is much more important that other people — an outsider, a family relative, a future employer who has five seconds to glance through your resume — also recognize your academic excellence.” America is the opposite: “Think about how many times themes like ‘You are your own person’ or ‘Stop worrying about what other people think’ course through song lyrics and self-help books,” Wu said, concluding: “The choices we make are the products of our culture.” 12. The psychologists from the University of Michigan find that ______. A. Americans tend to achieve success in a big company B. Chinese are likely to perform better in a big company C. Americans prefer to shine in a relatively small company D. Chinese are comfortable with working in a small company 13. The final experiment aims to ______. A. compare different attitudes towards competition B. find different views about personal success C. judge performances of different groups D. confirm which culture is better 14. A Chinese student will be more satisfied if he gains recognition from ______. A. his neighbors B. his classmates C. his teachers D. his parents 15. According to Kaidi Wu, culture ______. A. plays a key role in people’s choice making B. shows who we grow up to be in the future C. is the most important factor behind success D. determines students’ academic performance 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要探讨了不同文化背景下人们对职业选择的偏好差异，以及这些差异背后的文化因素。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They found that Americans are much more likely to favor being a big fish in a small pond. East Asians, and specifically Chinese people, are much more likely than Americans to lean towards being a smaller fish in a bigger pond. (他们发现美国人更倾向于在较小的公司中成为杰出员工，而东亚人，特别是中国人，更倾向于在更大的公司中成为普通员工。)”可知，美国人更喜欢在小公司里工作，故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“The final experiment sought to discover how American and Chinese people made judgments about whether they were succeeding. (最后一项实验的目的是探索美国人和中国人如何判断自己是否成功。)”可知，研究发现，中国人更倾向于将自己的表现与其他人的表现进行比较，而美国人则更倾向于与同一组人比较。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“It is much more important that other people—an outsider, a family relative, a future employer who has five seconds to glance through your resume—also recognize your academic excellence. (更重要的是其他人——一个外人、家庭成员、只有五秒钟时间浏览你简历的未来雇主——也能认识到你的学术卓越。)”可知，从外人身上得到认可更重要，所以邻居是正确的，故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The choices we make are the products of our culture. (我们的选择是我们文化的产物。)”可知，文化在人们的决策过程中起着关键作用。故选A项。 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Engaging with the past Imagine you’re at home, you start a role-playing game where you can enjoy views of the Nanjing Qinhuai Lantern Festival, completing set tasks along the Qinhuai River. This is one way for video games to enjoy the traditional Chinese culture without having to travel there. ___16___ Perfect World Games, an online gaming company, recently invited a group of heritage experts including Chen Haitao, a designer from the Dunhuang Academy; and Zhou Xianguang, an inheritor of Longquan sword intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage — to Beijing to discuss new ways to promote traditional Chinese culture. This year, Zhou was invited to submit designs for swords in its online mobile game Jade Dynasty. They kept the features of swords that were used during the Tang Dynasty but absorbed fairy and knight-themed elements from the game. ___17___ That enabled players to know another aspect of Chinese heritage. Zhou says, “Since games are welcomed by young people, we can make them familiar with traditional culture as they play. ___18___ ” The trend toward combining games with cultural heritage started decades ago. ___19___ Traditional culture once served merely as a background to the gameplay, and failed to offer a detailed experience. Now the company digs out details and divides them into small sections, and focuses on their unique cultural points, so players can gain a deeper experience. ___20___ Some overseas players also have a strong interest in Chinese culture, but may find it too difficult to understand. So the company tries to convey the culture in ways they are familiar with to help them better understand. A. And that’s not all. B. These games are also available to players overseas. C. However, these early attempts were described as “vague” (含糊的). D. Games featuring traditional culture attract more young players. E. Several decades ago, the practice of sword-making nearly died out. F. Besides, some figures seen in Dunhuang’s wall paintings were also added to the mobile game. G. It increases the number of channels available to spread knowledge about our cultural heritage. 【答案】16. A 17. F 18. G 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文属于说明文。主要介绍了一种创新方式，即通过网络游戏使玩家接触和了解中国传统文化，旨在向年轻玩家及海外玩家传播中国文化。 【16题详解】 上文“This is one way for video games to enjoy the traditional Chinese culture without having to travel there.(这是无需亲临其境就能通过电子游戏享受中国传统文化的方式之一)”说明通过角色扮演的游戏方式只是通过游戏享受中国文化的其中一种方式，还会有更进一步的举措，下文“Perfect World Games, an online gaming company, recently invited a group of heritage experts including Chen Haitao, a designer from the Dunhuang Academy; and Zhou Xianguang, an inheritor of Longquan sword intangible(非物质的)cultural heritage—to Beijing to discuss new ways to promote traditional Chinese culture.(完美世界游戏，一家在线游戏公司，最近邀请了一批包括敦煌研究院设计师陈海涛、龙泉剑非物质文化遗产传承人周显光等遗产专家到北京讨论推广中国传统文化的新方法)”说明了游戏公司邀请文化遗产专家讨论新方式来推广中国传统文化的例子。空处承上启下，A项“不仅如此”既承接上文的通过电子游戏享受中国传统文化的方式之一，暗示有更多的例子或措施将会被提及，又引出下文的其他例子或影响，A项符合语境。故选A。 17题详解】 上文“They kept the features of swords that were used during the Tang Dynasty but absorbed fairy and knight-themed elements from the game.(这些设计保留了唐代所用剑的特点，但吸收了源自游戏的仙侠和骑士主题元素)”说明了周先生为游戏设计的剑保留了唐代剑的特征并融入了游戏角色的元素，F项“Besides, some figures seen in Dunhuang’s wall paintings were also added to the mobile game.(另外，敦煌壁画中的一些人物形象也被植入该手机游戏中)”进一步阐述了游戏中如何融入传统文化元素，增加了游戏的文化深度，与上文形成递进关系，符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 上文“Since games are welcomed by young people, we can make them familiar with traditional culture as they play. (由于游戏受到年轻人的欢迎，我们可以在他们玩乐的同时，使他们熟悉传统文化)”说明通过游戏可以让年轻人在玩的同时熟悉传统文化，G项“这一做法拓宽了传播文化遗产知识的渠道”恰当地总结了这种做法的积极影响，即拓宽了文化传播途径，符合语境。故选G。 【19题详解】 上文“The trend toward combining games with cultural heritage started decades ago.(将游戏与文化遗产相结合的趋势始于几十年前)”及下文“Traditional culture once served merely as a background to the gameplay, and failed to offer a detailed experience.(传统文化一度仅仅作为游戏情节的背景存在，未能提供详尽的体验)”说明了将游戏与文化遗产结合的趋势早已开始，但是存在一定的不足，空处承上启下，C项“然而，早年的尝试常被描述为‘概念模糊’”与上文形成转折关系，既承接了上文提到的游戏与传统文化结合的趋势，在时间上与上文相符，转而描述过去尝试的不足，又引出了下文对过去尝试的具体描述，其中的“vague(含糊的)”与下文的“failed to offer a detailed experience”相呼应，所以C项符合语境。故选C。 【20题详解】 下文“Some overseas players also have a strong interest in Chinese culture, but may find it too difficult to understand. So the company tries to convey the culture in ways they are familiar with to help them better understand.(一些海外玩家也对中国文化抱有浓厚兴趣，但可能会发现理解起来太过困难。因此，公司努力以他们熟悉的方式传递文化，以便帮助他们更好地理解)”说明了海外玩家对中国文化的兴趣，空处内容应有关于这些游戏的对象拓展到了海外玩家，B项“这些游戏也面向海外玩家开放”很好地与下文衔接，表明了此类游戏不仅限于国内，也在向国际推广，自然引出了下文关于如何适应海外市场的策略，所以B项符合语境。故选B。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共30分) 第一节 完型填空(共15小题，每题1分，满分15分) I was living in Sao Paulo, Brazil. It is a ____21____ city, with more people living in it than in my whole country. We rented a flat in a guarded community, but there was a favela (棚户区) quite ____22____. For several months I didn't have a car, so three times a week, I took buses to go to the city centre. During these ____23____, I would ride with the people who took the same bus from the favela to go to work. When I got on the bus, all the seats were already ____24____. But when people saw that my bag was heavy, they offered to hold it on their legs to make me feel lighter ____25____. At first, I was ____26____. Then I realized that these people had absolutely no ____27____ to steal from me: they only wanted to ____28____. Once, on my way back, I had to ____29____ for a long time at a bus stop. I was alone, except for a woman who was _____30_____ very poor. She carried a small paper bag of popcorn and nothing else. While we were waiting, she walked over and _____31_____ me some popcorn. I _____32_____ her, but didn't want to help myself to it. She then repeatedly insisted that I take from what was clearly her only food. That was the first time I had thought about how people who have almost nothing are sometimes able to _____33_____ the little they have more "_____34_____ "than those who own a lot. I wonder if it's true that the more you have, the bigger the difficulty to share anything with others. I was so moved by that woman's simple generosity that day. I clearly _____35_____ more than she did, but she naturally and joyfully shared what little she had with me. 21. A. strange B. beautiful C. huge D. warm 22. A. noisy B. similar C. crowded D. near 23. A. experiences B. trips C. holidays D. weekends 24. A. checked B. given C. taken D. emptied 25. A. sitting B. standing C. walking D. carrying 26. A. disappointed B. doubtful C. grateful D. satisfied 27. A. intention B. patience C. chance D. way 28. A. help B. leave C. greet D. change 29. A. look B. ask C. wait D. sit 30. A. obviously B. hardly C. usually D. especially 31. A. bought B. offered C. sold D. made 32. A. thanked B. refused C. visited D. promised 33. A. sell B. need C. share D. appreciate 34. A. anxiously B. politely C. skillfully D. easily 35. A. spent B. won C. got D. had 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己在巴西的圣保罗生活时，遇见的那些善良的人和那些感人的事情，感悟到：穷人有时候比拥有很多的人更容易分享。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个巨大的城市，它的人口比我整个国家的人口还多。A. strange陌生的；B. beautiful漂亮的；C. huge巨大的；D. warm温暖的。根据下文“with more people living in it than in my whole country.”可知，城市很大。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：我们在一个安保条件好的社区里租了一套公寓，但附近有一个贫民窟。A. noisy嘈杂的；B. similar相似的；C. crowded拥挤的；D. near在附近。根据下文“During these ____3____ , I would ride with the people who took the same bus from the favela to go to work.”可知，附近有贫民窟。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这些旅行中，我和那些从贫民窟坐同一辆公共汽车去上班的人坐在一起。A. experiences经历；B. trips旅行，出行；C. holidays 假期；D. weekends周末。根据上文“I took buses to go to the city centre”可知，指去市中心，所以是出行。故选B项。 24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我上车时，所有的座位都有人了。A. checked核对；B. given给；C. taken占据，就（座）；D. emptied清空。根据下文“But when people saw that my bag was heavy, they offered to hold it on their legs to make me feel lighter ____5____ .”可知，上车时发现座位满了。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当人们看到我的包很重时，他们主动提出把它放在腿上，让我站着的时候感觉更轻。A. sitting坐；B. standing站；C. walking走；D. carrying携带。根据上文“When I got on the bus, all the seats were already ____4____”可知，作者没有座位可坐，所以是站着。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我很怀疑。A. disappointed失望的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. grateful感激的；D. satisfied满意的。根据上文“At first”和下文“ Then I realized that these people had absolutely no  ____9____to steal from me”可知，作者很怀疑。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到这些人绝对没有偷我东西的意图：他们只是想帮忙。A. intention意图；B. patience耐心；C. chance机会；D. way方式。根据下文“they only wanted to ____8____ .”可知，他们只是想帮助作者，没有偷东西的意图。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到这些人绝对没有偷我东西的意图：他们只是想帮忙。A. help帮助；B. leave离开；C. greet问候；D. change改变。根据上文“they offered to hold it on their legs to make me feel lighter ____5____”可知，他们只是想帮忙作者。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，在我回来的路上，我不得不在公共汽车站等了很长时间。A. look看；B. ask问；C. wait等待；D. sit坐。根据下文“a long time at a bus stop”以及“waiting”可知，作者等公交车。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一个人，还有一个显然很穷女人，她。A. obviously明显地；B. hardly几乎不；C. usually 通常；D. especially尤其。根据上文“a favela（棚户区）”可知，贫民窟的人显然很穷。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们等待的时候，她走过来递给我一些爆米花。A. bought买；B. offered提供；C. sold卖；D. made制作。根据下文“She then repeatedly insisted that I take from what was clearly her only food.”可知，她走过来递给作者一些爆米花。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我谢过她，但没有吃。A. thanked感谢；B. refused拒绝；C. visited访问；D. promised承诺。根据常识和上文“she walked over and ____11____ me some popcorn”可知，别人主动送给东西，要表示感谢。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次想到，那些几乎一无所有的人有时比那些拥有很多的人更能“容易地”地分享他们所拥有的一点点东西。A. sell卖；B. need需要；C. share分享；D. appreciate感激。根据下文“shared”可知，那些几乎一无所有的人有时比那些拥有很多的人更能“容易地”地分享他们所拥有的一点点东西。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次想到，那些几乎一无所有的人有时比那些拥有很多的人更能“容易地”地分享他们所拥有的一点点东西。A. anxiously焦虑地；B. politely礼貌地；C. skillfully巧妙地；D. easily容易地。根据上文“she walked over and ____11____ me some popcorn. I ____12____ her, but didn't want to help myself to it. She then repeatedly insisted that I take from what was clearly her only food.”可知，穷人比富人更容易与他人分享。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然我的钱比她多，但她自然地、愉快地把她仅有的一点东西分享给我。A. spent花费；B. won赢得；C. got得到；D. had有。根据上文“We rented a flat in a guarded community”可知，作者比贫民窟的人有钱。故选D项。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As an adult, one of the first questions we ____36____(frequent) consider is what career to take up. The best time to think about careers is when we are still at school. However, many people often have a few ideas ____37____(bounce) around in their heads. It is suggested that we complete a “career aptitude test”. The results of it will help us know our strengths and interests. The information ____38____(provide) us with a better chance of finding a job we like. We can find many different kinds of career aptitude tests online for free. Some involve ____39____(person) interests and attitudes, while others focus more on asking us ____40____(rate) different kinds of work scenarios. One popular test asks the participants to grade their ____41____(prefer) for a variety of work tasks. Their answers ____42____(divide) up between six different types of work personalities. After that, the participant is given a chart showing the score for each type of work personality. The top three scores are used to make a code ____43____ indicates the participant’s overall work personality. In conclusion, career aptitude tests are thought to be ____44____ useful tool, but we should remember that it is only guidance for us. The secret _____45_____ a good career is finding something that we are passionate about. 【答案】36. frequently 37. bouncing 38. will provide 39. personal 40. to rate 41. preferences 42. are divided 43. that##which 44. a 45. to 【解析】 【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种选择职业的有效方式——职业能力测试。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：作为一个成年人，我们经常考虑的第一个问题是从事什么职业。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词consider，因此用副词“frequently经常，频繁地”作状语，故填frequently。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，许多人的脑子里经常有一些想法。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词，因bounce与a few ideas之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此用动词现在分词形式作后置定语，故填bouncing。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：这些信息将会提供一个更好的机会，以便我们找到我们喜欢的工作。根据前文的will help可知，此处应用一般将来时，故填will provide。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一些涉及到个人的兴趣和态度，然而另一些则更侧重于让我们对不同类型的工作场景进行评估。空处修饰名词interests和attitudes，应用形容词。personal“个人的，私人的”。故填personal。 【40题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：同上。此处为ask sb. to do…“要求某人做……”，故填to rate。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：一项受欢迎的测试要求参与者对自己对各种工作任务的偏好打分。根据语境以及空前的their可知，此处应用名词复数形式。preference表示“偏爱的事物；最喜爱的东西”。故填preferences。 【42题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：他们的答案被分为六种不同类型的工作性格。根据语境可知，此处叙述一般情况，应用一般现在时；Their answers与divide up之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，且主语their answers为复数，故填are divided。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：前三分被用来制作一个代码，显示参与者的整体工作个性。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，指代先行词code，指物，并在从句中作主语，故that/which。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：总之，职业能力倾向测试被认为是一个有用的工具，但我们应该记住，它只是对我们的指导。由语境可知，此处表示泛指，因useful的发音以辅音音素开头，填不定冠词a。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：一份好的事业的诀窍在于找到我们喜欢的工作。此处the secret to... “……的诀窍，故填to。 第四部分 书面表达(共2小题，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，现在你作为交换生在新西兰的一所高中里学习，你班的同学对中国的文化很感兴趣，尤其喜欢唐诗(Tang poetry)。请你用英语写一篇发言稿与他们分享中国的唐诗。具体内容包括： 1.唐诗地位及影响； 2.列举著名诗人； 3.如何背诵诗歌。 注意：1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Hello, everyone! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you for your listening. 【答案】Hello, everyone! Today I’m glad to share with you Chinese culture, especially Tang poetry. Tang poetry is a very important literary form in China. It represents traditional Chinese culture and is popular all over the world. There are numerous outstanding poets in Tang Dynasty, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, and Bai Juyi and so on, who wrote popular poems that are still well-known today. When it comes to poems, you’d better grasp the meaning firstly, then try to recite the whole poem. If you choose the right method and work hard, your learning ability can be improved. That’s all. Thank you for your listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇发言稿与新西兰的高中学分享中国的唐诗。 【详解】1.词汇积累 特别是：especially→ particularly 代表：represent→ embody 遍布全世界：all over the world→ all around the world 众多：numerous→ countless 2.句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：If you choose the right method and work hard, your learning ability can be improved. 同义句：Achieving improvement in learning is attainable when you choose the right method and work hard. 【点睛】【高分句型1】There are numerous outstanding poets in Tang Dynasty, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, and Bai Juyi and so on, who wrote popular poems that are still well-known today. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】When it comes to poems, you’d better grasp the meaning firstly, then try to recite the whole poem. (运用了固定句型When it comes to...) 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a windy day, Emily invited Nora to play football in her garden. “I go first!” Nora shouted as she kicked the ball towards Emily. “Is that all you got? Watch me, the champion, hit the ball. It will travel off to infinity (无穷大)!” Emily ran like the wind to the ball and kicked it so hard that it flew over the fence of her garden and into the neighbor’s house. There was a sharp cracking sound. “Uh oh... what did you do?” Nora asked, feeling afraid. “L…I don’t know. Oh no! 1 think I broke my neighbor’s window,” Emily cried as she dashed across her garden and hid behind some cherry bushes. Nora faded into thin air. Terror was written all over Emily’s face. She saw the neighbor, Mr. Mason, picking up the pieces of sharp glass. There was anger, as well as panic, on his face. The sun was setting. Emily knew that it was not secure for her to stay out so late. Eventually, as the light faded, she returned home, keeping her eyes wide open for the neighbor. Her heart was shaking as she cautiously arrived home. Her mother saw the sweat on her face. She knew, her daughter had done something wrong. Mother sat next to Emily on the comfortable sofa and then asked, “Emily, are you okay? Is something wrong?” Emily held her mother’s hands. Her eyes were wet with tears. “Mom, I did something bad, but it was unintentional. I hit the football so hard that it flew out of our garden and broke Mr. Mason’s window.” Mother listened to her patiently as she calmed her and wiped her tears away. Then she held a sharp-tipped pencil. “Do you know why pencils have erasers?” Mother asked, surprising Emily since she wasn’t expecting such a question. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “To erase our mistakes, ” Emily replied. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With her heart beating fast, Emily walked up to her neighbor’s front door. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “To erase our mistakes,” Emily replied. “That’s right!” her mother said. “So, when we make mistakes in life, we can and should fix them immediately. Then it is no longer a mistake.” Realizing what her mother wanted to say, Emily hung her head. “Mom, you are right. Although it’s quite embarrassing, saying sorry is the only way I can make up for my mistake.” Mom stroked Emily’s hair gently, her eyes sparkling with approval and encouragement. At this, a ripple of bravery surged over Emily, motivating her to get out of the house. With her heart beating fast, Emily walked up to her neighbor’s front door. She took a deep breath before gathering enough courage to knock on the door. When Mr. Mason opened the door, she dared not look into his eyes. “Mr. Mason, I’m terribly sorry that I broke your window when playing football,” she murmured. Mr. Mason smiled and let her in, saying, “Emily, I truly appreciate your honesty. Just forget about my window.” Hearing his words, Emily breathed a sigh of relief and offered to fix the broken window the next day. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了艾米莉和诺拉在院子里踢球，艾米莉用力过大，打破了邻居的玻璃，为了躲避邻居，艾米莉天黑才回家，把事情的原委告诉妈妈，妈妈问她铅笔为什么有橡皮擦。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“艾米莉回答说：“为了擦掉我们的错误。””可知，第一段可描写艾米莉认识到了自己的错误，下定决心要去道歉。 ②由第二段首句内容“心怦怦直跳，艾米莉走向邻居家的大门。”可知，第二段可描写艾米莉去给邻居梅森先生道歉，梅森先生原谅了她。 2.续写线索：踢足球——打破玻璃——不敢回家——告诉妈妈原委——认识到错误——去道歉——得到原谅 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①修理：fix/repair ②垂下：hang/lower ③意识到：realize/be aware of 情绪类 ①松了一口气：breathed a sigh of relief/feel relieved ②令人尴尬的：embarrassing/awkward 【点睛】【高分句式1】Mom stroked Emily’s hair gently, her eyes sparkling with approval and encouragement. (运用了独立主格结构) 【高分句式2】Hearing his words, Emily breathed a sigh of relief and offered to fix the broken window the next day. (运用了现在分词作状语) 听力答案：1-5CCBBC 6-10 BAABC 11—15 ACAAB 16—20 BCACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2022级高二学年下学期期末考试 英语试题 考试时间: 120分钟 分值: 150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What impressed the woman most in China? A. The landmarks. B. The food. C. The people. 2. When will the meeting be held? A. Next month. B. This Wednesday C. Next Wednesday 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a supermarket. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A family gathering. B. A weekend plan C. A healthy diet. 5. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Change the monitor. B. Restart the computer. C. Find a technician. 第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman in charge of? A. Contacting employees. B. Arranging an awards dinner.C. Hosting a client meeting. 7. What will the man do next? A. Speak to the chef. B. Call the company C. Prepare for lunch. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the woman want to discuss with Mr. Dale? A. The performers’ position. B. The concert programs. C. The instruments on stage. 9. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and secretary B. Workmates. C. Director and actor. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the woman doing? A. Holding a press conference.B. Organizing a sport ing event.C. Conducting an interview. 11. What did the man do last year? A. He stopped working as an athlete. B. He won a medal in the Olympics. C. He played against Tottenham Hotspur. 12. What is the man’s focus this season? A. New strategies B. More medals. C. Better teamwork. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. Who is the pioneer of the Slow Food Movement? A. An Italian. B. A Spanish C. A Frenchman. 14. What caused the start of the Slow Food Movement? A. The opening of a fast food restaurant. B. An ad of a fast food company. C. A meal eaten in Rome. 15. How does the man consider fast food? A. Nutritious. B. Boring C. Tasty. 16. What is the main aim of the Slow Food Movement? A. To protect traditional dishes. B. To promote better lifestyles. C. To prevent eating fast food. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What part of work does the speaker do on his own? A. Thinking of stories. B. Developing programs. C. Writing dialogues. 18. What did the speaker plan to be? A. A violinist. B. A basketball player C. A journalist 19 When did the speaker decide to work in the video game industry? A. After hurting his hand. B. After leaving university. C. While studying in a film school. 20. What does the speaker love most about his job? A. They work in harmony. B. They get high salary. C. They win many prizes. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) A Some Useful Majors To Get Your Degree In College offers you many academic freedoms. You can develop existing hobbies and explore new interests — and find a major that will put you on the career path you want. In this article, we explore several of the most useful college majors you can pursue to increase your chances of landing a high-paying job after graduation. Medical and health preparatory programs These programs prepare individuals for medical school or other health-related programs and careers. Healthcare occupations such as those pursued by medical and health preparatory majors are expected to grow by 14% through 2028 and bring in an annual average income of $66,440. Statistics A degree in statistics prepares individuals for careers as statisticians, finance professionals and other related fields. This career field is in high demand and is expected to grow by 30% through 2028, which is significantly faster than other occupations. The average annual income for statisticians and similar careers is $87,780. Marine engineering (海事工程) A Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering prepares students with knowledge on various marine operating systems including offshore structures (离岸结构), boats and submarines. This career field is projected to grow by 9% between 2018 and 2028, which is faster than most other occupations. The medium income after graduation is $92,560. Economics Economics majors learn how economic systems work and how they impact society. Common occupations for economics majors include financial analysts, actuaries (精算师) and market research analysts. This career field is expected to grow by 8% through 2028 with a medium annual income of $104,340. 1. Which major leads to occupations with the most job growth? A. Medical and health preparatory programs. B. Statistics. C. Marine engineering. D. Economics. 2. What can you expect to learn about if you major in Economics? A. Health-related programs. B. Offshore structures. C. Marine operating systems. D. Economic systems. 3. What do the listed majors have in common? A. They guarantee highest-paying jobs. B. They are available in all colleges. C. They are welcomed in the job market. D. They equip students to work overseas. B I had just picked up my new car, a very beautiful automobile if you’re into cars. A few months later,I was involved in an accident. That new and very beautiful car was destroyed. The accident was clearly not my fault. The other guy was so busy on his cell phone that he went right through a red light and slammed into the passenger side of my car. It was even scarier because my niece was asleep on the back seat and her father, my brother, was in the front passenger seat. He was not happy, to say the least. The police arrived and began taking statements. I explained that I had been going at about 55 kmph. “So you were going about 50 kmph...” he said. “No, I said I was doing about 55 kmph,” I said. “Right, so you were doing about 50 kmph…” again he repeated. In a slightly annoyed tone because I felt I wasn’t being heard, I said: “No! I was doing about 55 kmph!” “OK, if that’s the way you want it,” this time the officer simply replied. I didn’t realize it at the time, but I was shooting myself in the foot. My insurance company paid me for the damages to my car. However, I totally missed the boat on the other driver’s insurance company. The city speed limit is 50 kmph. I ended up getting 50 percent less than I would have from the other guy’s insurance company because I had insisted I was doing 55 kmph. It suddenly struck me that the traffic policeman had been trying to help me out. He hadn’t minded about the 5 kmph; he had known something about the insurance that I had not. I thought about what had happened again. I might have carried on insisting that I told the truth, but I could at least have said “Thank you” to him instead of acting so rudely. After all, he had been trying to help me out. Sometimes the hardest thing to do is to let other people talk while you simply shut up and listen. Never forget to hear, you have to be able to listen. 4. Why did the accident happen according to the text? A. The author was bad at driving. B. The other guy was absent-minded. C. The author’s car had a breakdown on the road. D. The author was speeding. 5. When the author insisted his speed was 55 kmph, the policeman . A. was confused at first and then got slightly annoyed B. ignored the author at first, then finally gave in to him C. didn’t listen and wrote down 50 kmph D. tried to help him out all the time 6. How did the author feel when he found out what the policeman had intended? A. He regretted being rude to the policeman. B. He regretted not listening to the policeman because he had had to pay more. C. He was proud that he had insisted on telling the truth. D. He appreciated what the policeman had done and felt lucky to have met him. 7. What message does the story convey? A. it is important to be willing to listen to people B. we should appreciate those who help us C. honesty is the best policy D. people should insist on doing what they think is right C Education in 2080 is distinctive from education in the 2020s. Until about 2035, the main function of education systems was to supply the economy with the next generation of workers. In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members. To make this a bit more tangible for you, I would like to give an example of what a child’s education looks like in 2080. Her name is Shemsy. Shemsy is 13, and she is confident and loves learning. Shemsy does not go to school in the morning because schools as you know them no longer exist. The institution was abolished as it was widely thought of as more like a prison or a factory than a creative learning environment. Schools have been replaced with “Learning Hubs” that are not restricted to certain ages. They are where intergenerational learning happens, in line with the belief that learning is a lifelong pursuit. Every year, Shemsy designs her learning journey for the year with a highly attentive “teacher-citizen”. Shemsy is actively engaged in designing her education and has to propose projects she would like to be involved in to contribute to and serve her community. She also spends lots of time playing as the role of play in learning has finally been recognized as essential and core to our humanity. Shemsy works a lot collaboratively. Access to education is universal, and higher education institutions no longer differentiate themselves by how many people they reject yearly. Variability between students is expected and leveraged (利用) as young people teach one another and use their differences as a source of strength. Shemsy naturally explores what she is curious about at a pace she sets. She still has some classes to take that are mandatory for children globally: Being Human and the History of Humanity. We invite you to think about your vision for education in the year 2080, what does it look like, who does it serve,and how does it transform our societies? 8. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us? A. There are different types of education. B. The present education needs improvements. C. Education and economy are closely associated. D The goal of future education is fundamentally different. 9. What do we know about the Learning Hub that Shemsy goes to? A. It accepts students of all ages. B. It promotes competition. C. It discourages individualized learning. D. It is all about play-based learning. 10. What does the underlined word “mandatory” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Tough. B. Satisfactory. C. Optional. D. Required. 11. What is the suitable title for the text? A. An Example to All B. A Vision for Education C. A Challenge for Education D. A Journey into the Future D Would you rather be an impressive employee in an ordinary firm, or land a role at the most well-known company in your industry? The answer to that question might seem highly personal, based on factors like whether or not you are a competitive person and how much you enjoy a challenge. In fact, there’s another strong factor at play: People from different cultures react very differently to that question. The psychologists from the University of Michigan asked people theoretical questions about the decisions they take. Specifically, the researchers compared people with East Asian backgrounds and European American backgrounds. They found that Americans are much more likely to favor being a big fish in a small pond. East Asians, and specifically Chinese people, are much more likely than Americans to lean towards being a smaller fish in a bigger pond. Researchers first asked 270 students at a large American university whether they would rather be a “big fish in a small pond” or the opposite. Of the students with East Asian American backgrounds three quarters said they’d rather be a small fish, compared with just under 60% of students with European American backgrounds who said the same. The researchers then compared American and Chinese adults. They asked the participants whether they would rather attend a top university but perform below average, and whether they would rather work for a top global company but do less well in comparison to their peers. Over half the Chinese adults chose the famous university, compared with just a third of Americans. In the case of the firms, well over half of people from both groups chose to do better at a less well-known firm, but Chinese people were still more likely to choose being a “small fish” than were Americans. The final experiment sought to discover how American and Chinese people made judgments about whether they were succeeding. They found that Chinese people were more likely to compare their performance to the performance of people in other groups. Americans, meanwhile, were more likely to compare themselves to people within the same group, to judge whether or not they were doing well. In East Asian cultures, it’s “not enough that you know you’re doing well in your school,” said Kaidi Wu, a PhD student in psychology who led the research. “It is much more important that other people — an outsider, a family relative, a future employer who has five seconds to glance through your resume — also recognize your academic excellence.” America is the opposite: “Think about how many times themes like ‘You are your own person’ or ‘Stop worrying about what other people think’ course through song lyrics and self-help books,” Wu said, concluding: “The choices we make are the products of our culture.” 12. The psychologists from the University of Michigan find that ______. A. Americans tend to achieve success in a big company B. Chinese are likely to perform better in a big company C. Americans prefer to shine in a relatively small company D Chinese are comfortable with working in a small company 13. The final experiment aims to ______. A. compare different attitudes towards competition B. find different views about personal success C. judge performances of different groups D. confirm which culture is better 14. A Chinese student will be more satisfied if he gains recognition from ______. A. his neighbors B. his classmates C. his teachers D. his parents 15. According to Kaidi Wu, culture ______. A. plays a key role in people’s choice making B. shows who we grow up to be in the future C. is the most important factor behind success D. determines students’ academic performance 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Engaging with the past Imagine you’re at home, you start a role-playing game where you can enjoy views of the Nanjing Qinhuai Lantern Festival, completing set tasks along the Qinhuai River. This is one way for video games to enjoy the traditional Chinese culture without having to travel there. ___16___ Perfect World Games, an online gaming company, recently invited a group of heritage experts including Chen Haitao, a designer from the Dunhuang Academy; and Zhou Xianguang, an inheritor of Longquan sword intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage — to Beijing to discuss new ways to promote traditional Chinese culture. This year, Zhou was invited to submit designs for swords in its online mobile game Jade Dynasty. They kept the features of swords that were used during the Tang Dynasty but absorbed fairy and knight-themed elements from the game. ___17___ That enabled players to know another aspect of Chinese heritage. Zhou says, “Since games are welcomed by young people, we can make them familiar with traditional culture as they play. ___18___ ” The trend toward combining games with cultural heritage started decades ago. ___19___ Traditional culture once served merely as a background to the gameplay, and failed to offer a detailed experience. Now the company digs out details and divides them into small sections, and focuses on their unique cultural points, so players can gain a deeper experience. ___20___ Some overseas players also have a strong interest in Chinese culture, but may find it too difficult to understand. So the company tries to convey the culture in ways they are familiar with to help them better understand. A. And that’s not all. B. These games are also available to players overseas. C. However, these early attempts were described as “vague” (含糊的). D. Games featuring traditional culture attract more young players. E. Several decades ago, the practice of sword-making nearly died out. F. Besides, some figures seen in Dunhuang’s wall paintings were also added to the mobile game. G. It increases the number of channels available to spread knowledge about our cultural heritage. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共30分) 第一节 完型填空(共15小题，每题1分，满分15分) I was living in Sao Paulo, Brazil. It is a ____21____ city, with more people living in it than in my whole country. We rented a flat in a guarded community, but there was a favela (棚户区) quite ____22____. For several months I didn't have a car, so three times a week, I took buses to go to the city centre. During these ____23____, I would ride with the people who took the same bus from the favela to go to work. When I got on the bus, all the seats were already ____24____. But when people saw that my bag was heavy, they offered to hold it on their legs to make me feel lighter ____25____. At first, I was ____26____. Then I realized that these people had absolutely no ____27____ to steal from me: they only wanted to ____28____. Once, on my way back, I had to ____29____ for a long time at a bus stop. I was alone, except for a woman who was _____30_____ very poor. She carried a small paper bag of popcorn and nothing else. While we were waiting, she walked over and _____31_____ me some popcorn. I _____32_____ her, but didn't want to help myself to it. She then repeatedly insisted that I take from what was clearly her only food. That was the first time I had thought about how people who have almost nothing are sometimes able to _____33_____ the little they have more "_____34_____ "than those who own a lot. I wonder if it's true that the more you have, the bigger the difficulty to share anything with others. I was so moved by that woman's simple generosity that day. I clearly _____35_____ more than she did, but she naturally and joyfully shared what little she had with me. 21. A. strange B. beautiful C. huge D. warm 22. A. noisy B. similar C. crowded D. near 23. A. experiences B. trips C. holidays D. weekends 24. A. checked B. given C. taken D. emptied 25. A. sitting B. standing C. walking D. carrying 26. A. disappointed B. doubtful C. grateful D. satisfied 27. A. intention B. patience C. chance D. way 28. A. help B. leave C. greet D. change 29. A. look B. ask C. wait D. sit 30. A. obviously B. hardly C. usually D. especially 31. A. bought B. offered C. sold D. made 32. A. thanked B. refused C. visited D. promised 33. A. sell B. need C. share D. appreciate 34. A. anxiously B. politely C. skillfully D. easily 35. A. spent B. won C. got D. had 第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As an adult, one of the first questions we ____36____(frequent) consider is what career to take up. The best time to think about careers is when we are still at school. However, many people often have a few ideas ____37____(bounce) around in their heads. It is suggested that we complete a “career aptitude test”. The results of it will help us know our strengths and interests. The information ____38____(provide) us with a better chance of finding a job we like. We can find many different kinds of career aptitude tests online for free. Some involve ____39____(person) interests and attitudes, while others focus more on asking us ____40____(rate) different kinds of work scenarios. One popular test asks the participants to grade their ____41____(prefer) for a variety of work tasks. Their answers ____42____(divide) up between six different types of work personalities. After that, the participant is given a chart showing the score for each type of work personality. The top three scores are used to make a code ____43____ indicates the participant’s overall work personality. In conclusion, career aptitude tests are thought to be ____44____ useful tool, but we should remember that it is only guidance for us. The secret _____45_____ a good career is finding something that we are passionate about. 第四部分 书面表达(共2小题，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，现在你作为交换生在新西兰的一所高中里学习，你班的同学对中国的文化很感兴趣，尤其喜欢唐诗(Tang poetry)。请你用英语写一篇发言稿与他们分享中国的唐诗。具体内容包括： 1.唐诗地位及影响； 2.列举著名诗人； 3.如何背诵诗歌。 注意：1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Hello, everyone! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you for your listening. 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a windy day, Emily invited Nora to play football in her garden. “I go first!” Nora shouted as she kicked the ball towards Emily. “Is that all you got? Watch me, the champion, hit the ball. It will travel off to infinity (无穷大)!” Emily ran like the wind to the ball and kicked it so hard that it flew over the fence of her garden and into the neighbor’s house There was a sharp cracking sound. “Uh oh... what did you do?” Nora asked, feeling afraid. “L…I don’t know. Oh no! 1 think I broke my neighbor’s window,” Emily cried as she dashed across her garden and hid behind some cherry bushes. Nora faded into thin air. Terror was written all over Emily’s face. She saw the neighbor, Mr. Mason, picking up the pieces of sharp glass. There was anger, as well as panic, on his face. The sun was setting. Emily knew that it was not secure for her to stay out so late. Eventually, as the light faded, she returned home, keeping her eyes wide open for the neighbor. Her heart was shaking as she cautiously arrived home. Her mother saw the sweat on her face. She knew, her daughter had done something wrong. Mother sat next to Emily on the comfortable sofa and then asked, “Emily, are you okay? Is something wrong?” Emily held her mother’s hands. Her eyes were wet with tears. “Mom, I did something bad, but it was unintentional. I hit the football so hard that it flew out of our garden and broke Mr. Mason’s window.” Mother listened to her patiently as she calmed her and wiped her tears away. Then she held a sharp-tipped pencil. “Do you know why pencils have erasers?” Mother asked, surprising Emily since she wasn’t expecting such a question. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “To erase our mistakes, ” Emily replied. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With her heart beating fast, Emily walked up to her neighbor’s front door. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1-5CCBBC 6-10 BAABC 11—15 ACAAB 16—20 BCACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$