专题01 语法填空(2016-2024年浙江高考真题)-备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(浙江专用)

备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(浙江专用) 第一期 专题01 语法填空(2016-2024年浙江高考真题) （2024年新高考I卷高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest 1 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 2 (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 3 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 4 (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 5 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 6 first time. These plants included modern Western 7 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands 8 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 9 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 10 (rich) of gardening in England. （2024·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra 11 (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 12 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 13 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 14 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 15 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 16 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 17 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 18 (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 19 other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 20 (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. （2023年新高考I卷高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 21 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 22 (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 23 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the 24 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently — more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 25 hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 26 (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of 27 (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 28 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 29 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 30 (want) more next time. （2023·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 31 arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, 32 (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 33 (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 34 (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 35 (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 36 (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 37 (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history 38 capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 39 (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 40 culture of grassroots Beijingers. （2022·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting 41 (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not 42 (do). John Olson, a former 43 (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to 44 blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their 45 (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of 46 (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly 47 age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he 48 (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means 49 (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it 50 to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” （2022·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics 51 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane   52 （view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others 53 （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and 54 （change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, 55 （rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists 56 （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 57 she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of 58 time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the 59 （invite）. That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 60 （continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change." （2021·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 61 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 62 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 63 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25 64 (consider) healthy. The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 65 2. 1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 66 (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 67 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 68 (sharp). This may be due to some disadvantages for people 69 (live) in the countryside, including 70 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. （2021·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 It doesn’t impress like George Washington’s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 71 （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln’s home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it 72 $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 73 （marry）ceremony in 1842. When the house was built, it was much 74 （small）than it is today. Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home 75 （paint）white.” It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 76 （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order. Although Mary loved flowers, 77 she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 78 （plant）flowers in the front yard. 79 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two-story in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 80 （sell）most of their furniture. （2020·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 81 , through agriculture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 82 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. Farming produced more food per person 83 hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born, more food 84 (need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 85 (change) lives. By about 6000 BC，people 86 (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the 87 (season)，planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 88 (make) use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields. This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with 89 rise of science, changes began. New methods 90 (mean) that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers (化肥) have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age. （2020·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 91 (be)30-today it is 41 and is expected 92 (increase)to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the 93 (number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65；by 2050, it will be one in six. This aging of the population is driven 94 two factors. The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large 95 (compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes 96 (old)than before. This is 97 (particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has 98 very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly. People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should 99 (place)on longevity(长寿). It isn't just that people are, on average, living longer. It's also that they are on average healthier 100 more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy. （2019·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody 101 (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears 102 same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth 103 gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or 104 (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can 105 (easy) see them. But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer 106 this question is not clear. One study in America found that students’ grades 107 (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn’t want 108 (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no 109 (connect) between uniforms and school performance. School uniforms are 110 (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don’t have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms. （2019·浙江·高考真题）The Caffeine Catch Caffeine, a chemical typically found in coffee, has caused a lot of concern because it is one of the few drugs that show up regularly in our food supply. You probably 111 (use) caffeine since childhood. Caffeine 112 (be) in your first Coke. If you ever enjoyed a chocolate bar, you ate caffeine. Soft drinks are the major source(来源) of caffeine for most children and even some adults. 113 (recent), caffeine has found its way into orange, apple, and other flavored drinks. Small amounts of caffeine-a cup 114 two of coffee a day—seem safe for most people. However, some people have trouble with even small amounts. One cup of coffee 115 the late afternoon or evening will cause 116 (they) to stay awake almost all night. Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem 117 (call) caffeinism. You get very nervous and you can’t sleep. It is possible 118 caffeine may cause birth defects(缺陷) in humans, too. One study showed that 119 (woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely 120 (have) children with birth defects. （2018·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 121 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 122 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 123 can be to eat out. I still remember 124 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 125 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. While regularly eating out seems to 126 (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 127 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 128 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 129 (weigh) problems. If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home 130 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket. （2018·浙江·高考真题）Easy Ways to Build Vocabulary It's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it's 131 ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there's enough room for improvement, 132 means you'll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldn't think that a few 133 (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough 134 the rest of your life, and that's also true for building your vocabulary--you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary. One of the 135 (effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to 136 (real) read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn't as hard as it 137 (sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while 138 (read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and 139 (they) use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words 140 (learn) this way in conversations almost automatically. （2017·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 141 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 142 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring. Pahlsson screamed 143 loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt 144 (I),” says Pahlsson. Sixteen years 145 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 146 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six — had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband 147 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again,” she says. She never replaced it. Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 148 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 149 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 150 wonder. （2016·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Magic Touch From my hotel room window，I could see a large advertisement board with his face on it: Jason, the Great Magician. I absent-mindedly turned the 151 (page) of the phone book and came across a city map. Drinking my iced coffee I ran my fingers along the streets 152 the hotel to the opera hall. Not more 153 a half-hour walk, I thought. I looked 154 (quick) at the clock, "The show starts in one hour; plenty of time! I drank the rest of my coffee and went to take a shower. Soon after, I was on my way to the show, 155 (carry) a fancy black handbag and a happy smile. The hall was dark when I came in; the show was about 156 (begin). I made my way backstage just 157 the great magician was putting on his top hat. “Daddy, I'm so glad to see you,” I 158 (whisper), I'm in town for the writer’s class, but I just couldn’t miss your show.” I gave him a quick hug and went back into the seating area，leaving him with a 159 (surprise) smile. I settled down in the darkness, and the curtains opened. Magically, that show remains the Great Jason's best 160 (perform) to this day. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．engineering 2．functional 3．to give 4．closed 5．walks 6．the 7．favorites 8．as 9．which/that 10．richness 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室，并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。 1．考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。 2．考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖的日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to give。 4．考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。 5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 6．考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。 7．考查名词的数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词，意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。 8．考查介词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 9．考查定语从句。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 10．考查名词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。冠词修饰名词，应用名词形式richness，作介词of的宾语。故填richness。 【点睛】 11．to benefit 12．or 13．that/which 14．what 15．criticism 16．be offered 17．have started 18．designed 19．the 20．ones 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对商家各式各样的促销手段进行了介绍。 11．考查动词不定式。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。 12．考查固定句式。句意：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜，就不能用了。either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，为固定句式，所以此处应用连词or。故填or。 13．考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 14．考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 15．考查名词。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。 16．考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 17．考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。 18．考查过去分词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。 19．考查冠词。句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。 20．考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式。故填ones。 21．tasty 22．to bite 23．or 24．recognized 25．by 26．to be lifted 27．their 28．a 29．rarely 30．wanting 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包，讲述了小笼包美味，发源地以及制作方法等等。 21．考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。 22．考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。 23．考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。 24．考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语，故填recognized。 25．考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。 26．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted，故填to be lifted。 27．考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their，故填their。 28．考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数，故填a。 29．考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。 30．考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb.+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting，故填wanting。 【点睛】 31．and 32．originally 33．surrounded 34．were permitted 35．featured 36．spacious 37．simpler 38．as 39．events 40．the 【原文】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京的胡同的由来、规模及历史意义。 31．考查连词。句意：在中国的朝代时期，皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知，planned和arranged是并列的谓语动词，表示并列关系应用连词and连接。故填and。 32．考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。 33．考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构，was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。 34．考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。 35．考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。 36．考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 37．考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。 38．考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为”，as是介词意为“作为”，符合句意。故填as。 39．考查名词的数。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词historic可知，空格处需要填名词，且event为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填events。 40．考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 【点睛】 41．be appreciated 42．to do 43．photographer 44．the 45．existing 46．sighted 47．at 48．noticed 49．independence 50．and 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式。 41．考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。 故填be appreciated。 42． 考查不定式。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。 43．考查名词。句意：约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师，他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理3D模型。单数名词做主语，根据句意表示“摄影师”，此处为单数概念，故填photographer。 44．考查冠词。句意：触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看；我们用大脑看。the blind“盲人”，the+形容词表示一类人。故填the。 45．考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。 46．考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。 47．考查介词。句意：Luc Gandarias今年13岁，7岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时，用介词at。故填at。 48．考查时态。句意：当他触摸到莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的3D版《蒙娜丽莎》时，他立刻注意到了她的微笑。根据“he felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。 49．考查名词。句意：对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词independence作mean的宾语。 故填independence。 50．考查连词。句意：能够看到它并形成我的观点的感觉就像盲人推倒了另一堵墙。根据句意可知，前后为并列关系，所以用and来连接。故填and。 51．who/that 52．is viewed/has been viewed 53．are 54．changing 55．roughly 56．have promised 57．whether/if 58．the 59．invitation 60．to continue 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践，目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气候变化危机。 51．考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。 52．考查被动语态。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知，动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。 53．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知，此处也应使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。 54．考查时态。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知，此处and连接并列的动词questioning和change，故填changing。 55．考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。 56．考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。 57．考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。 58．考查冠词。句意：大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填the。 59．考查名词。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语，故填invitation。 60．考查动词不定式。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划做”，故填to continue。 【点睛】 61．and 62．that/which 63．person’s 64．is considered 65．by 66．was 67．studied 68．sharply 69．living 70．lower 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地的人体重越来越超标，主要是由于农村地区的体重指数（BMI）增加了，并分析了其中的原因。 61．考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。 62．考查定语从句。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词tool，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。 63．考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，person是修饰weight的，用 person的名词所有格person’s。故填person’s。 64．考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（a BMI）是单数，时态是一般现在时，且主语和consider是表被动关系，故填is considered。 65．考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示“增加了”；increase to表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9）可知，increase by符合语境，故填by。 66．考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。 67．考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，应该使用过去分词作定语。故填studied。 68．考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知，sharp是要修饰动词narrow，用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。 69．考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be，故live用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。 70．考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，including说明的是一些不利条件，且后面有higher和fewer，是并列关系，所以low也应该用比较级形式，故填lower。 71．has proved/has proven 72．for 73．marriage 74．smaller 75．was painted 76．herself 77．neither 78．to plant 79．The 80．sold 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的变迁史。 71．考查动词时态。句意：它不像乔治·华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。根据时间状语“since it opened to the public”可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，故设空处用现在完成时；主语Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词prove 的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。 72．考查介词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语buy sth. for +价格，意为“以……价格买某物”。故填for。 73．考查名词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。marriage ceremony意为“婚礼”，此处用名词作定语，故填marriage。 74．考查形容词比较级。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处用形容词比较级形式，故填smaller。 75．考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被粉刷成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被粉刷”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。 76．考查代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词，作宾语；提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。 77．考查连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。 78．考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示，故填to plant。 79．考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。 80．考查动词时态。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们把房子租了出去，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式是sold。故填sold。 81．in 82．what 83．than 84．was needed 85．to change 86．had discovered 87．seasons 88．making 89．the 90．meant. 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了农业的发展历史。 81．考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知，“they lived _____”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填in。 82．考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。 83．考查固定搭配。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。结合句意可知，此句中将农业生产与狩猎和采集相比，应用比较连词than。more… than，意为“比……更”故填than。 84．考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。 85．考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。 86．考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到…为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered. 87．考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。 88．考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。 89．考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。 90．考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。 91．was 92．to increase 93．numbers 94．by 95．compared 96．older 97．particularly 98．a 99．be placed 100．and 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了世界人口正面临老龄化问题，并分析了其产生的两个原因。 91．考查动词时态。句意：1950年美国人的中年年龄是30岁，今天是41岁，预计到2050年将增加到42岁。结合上文in 1950可知应用一般过去时，且主语为The median age of an American，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。 92．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据短语be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”后跟不定式，故填to increase。 93．考查名词的数。句意：对日本来说，这个数字更加惊人——1950年是22岁，今天是46岁，2050年是53岁。number为可数名词表示“数字”，且根据下文are可知主语应用复数形式，故填numbers。 94．考查介词。句意：人口老龄化是由两个因素造成的。表示“由；被”应用介词by。故填by。 95．考查动词时态语态。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。短语be compared to“与……相比；与某事相提并论”，故填compared。 96．考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据下文than before可知应用形容词比较级，故填older。 97．考查副词。句意：在美国尤其如此。此处修饰形容词true应用副词，故填particularly。 98．考查冠词。句意：今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上，因此需要做出相应的计划。chance为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且very为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 99．考查动词时态语态。句意：然而，更多的关注应放在寿命上。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形，故填be placed。 100．考查连词。句意：而且，平均而言，他们更健康，更长寿。结合上下文语境可知此处连接上下文两个并列短语应用连词and，故填and。 101．has/will have 102．the 103．that/which 104．cycling 105．easily 106．to 107．improved 108．to wear 109．connection/connections 110．traditional 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生穿校服的几个好处。 101．考查时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服时，没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时will do；根据语境可知，本文叙述的是客观事实，因此，本句亦可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填will have/has。 102．考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。 103．考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。 104．考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。 105．考查副词。分析句式可知，设空处所给词是修饰动词see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy的副词形式。故填easily。 106．考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer to ...表示“……的答案是……”，是固定搭配。故填to。 107．考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去时，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。 108．考查固定用法。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，这是want的固定用法。故填to wear。 109．考查名词。句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。connect是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。 110．考查形容词。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不用穿校服。这里作表语，常用形容词，tradition是名词，因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditional。 111．have used/ have been using 112．is (was) 113．Recently 114．or 115．in 116．them 117．called 118．that 119．women 120．to have 【分析】本文是说明文。现在我们的许多食品中添加了咖啡因，文章介绍了大量饮用咖啡因对健康的不良影响。 111．考查时态语态。句中时间状语since childhood和现在完成时连用，此处指你可能从小就摄入咖啡因，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在或动作一直在进行，用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填have used/ have been using。 112．考查主谓一致。主语Caffeine是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。此处表示一种事实可以用一般现在时。也可以指小时候的事用一般过去时，故填is (was)。 113．考查副词。句意：最近，咖啡因已经进入了橙子、苹果和其他调味饮料。此处单独作状语用副词，故填Recently。 114．考查连词。此处指每天一杯或两杯咖啡，表示“或者”用连词or，故填or。 115．考查介词。表示“在下午晚些时候或晚上”是in the late afternoon or evening，介词用in，故填in。 116．考查代词。此处作动词cause的宾语用宾格形式，故填them。 117．考查过去分词。句中problem和动词call是被动关系，指这种问题被叫做caffeinism。此处用过去分词表被动，作problem的定语，故填called。 118．考查主语从句。句中it是形式主语，真正主语是后面的从句，从句中不缺少句子成分，意思完整，用that起引导作用，故填that。 119．考查名词。此处表示泛指喝大量咖啡的妇女，指某一类人用名词复数。故填women。 120．考查动词不定式。此处指每天喝大量咖啡的妇女，怀孕时孩子很可能会先天畸形。表示“可能做某事”是be likely to do sth.，用动词不定式，故填to have。 121．dishes 122．who/that 123．it 124．visiting 125．was shocked 126．have become 127．affordable 128．higher 129．weight 130．for 【分析】作者描述了人们喜欢在外面吃饭的现象，分析了其对身体和花费的不良影响，建议我们在家做饭。 121．考查名词。此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。 122．考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。 123．考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，it是形式主语。故填it。 124．考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.，故填visiting。 125．考查时态和语态。此处表示我被震惊了。shock的主语是I，两者关系是被动，动作发生在过去。故填was shocked。 126．考查动词时态。根据时间状语in recent years可知，用现在完成时，seems to后用动词原形，故填have become。 127．考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”，故填affordable。 128．考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，even表示程度，修饰比较级，故填higher。 129．考查名词。此处指体重问题，用名词修饰problems，故填weight。 130．考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示去向、目的用介词for，故填for。 131．an 132．which 133．months 134．for 135．most effective 136．really 137．sounds 138．reading 139．their 140．learned 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了轻松积累词汇的几种方法。 131．考查冠词。句意：和生活中许多事情一样，积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程。由语境可知填“一个”，欧宁以元音音素开头， “一个”用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。 132．考查定语从句关系词。句意：通过分析句子结构可知，_______means you'll just keep getting better and better.是定语从句，空白处所填的词指代逗号前的there’s enough room for improvement，which在句中为关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，并在句中作主语。故填which。 133．考查名词单复数。句意：你认为青少年时期几个月的记忆锻炼不够。month为可数名词，且由a few可知month应用复数形式。故填months。 134．考查介词。句意：几个月的记忆锻炼对于余生是不够的。be enough for sth 对······已足够。故填介词for。 135．考查形容词最高级。句意：读好书是扩大词汇量最有效的方法之一。此处要表达的是“最有效的方法之一”，因此填most effective。 136．考查词性转换。句意：你需要一周至少真正读一本书。此处应用副词修饰动词 read，因此填really。 137．考查谓语动词。句意：这件事并不像听起来那么难。描述的是一般事实，而且主语为it，因此用sound的一般现在时第三人称单数形式。故填sounds. 138．考查非谓语动词。句意：你在阅读一篇有趣的文学故事时增长词汇量。逻辑主语you与动词read为主动关系，故用现在分词reading ... 作状语；也可视为状语从句while you are reading... 的省略形式。故填reading。 139．考查代词。句意：另一个好处是你不知不觉中学习到了新词和它们的用法。use在此处是名词，故用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。 140．考查非谓语动词。句意：你自然会在对话中使用这些词汇。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰words，表示“已学过的词”， words与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。故填learned/learnt。 【点睛】语法填空分有提示词和无提示词两类。本篇语法填空题的设空有提示词的7个,无提示词的3个。因此,有提示词类是高考语法填空测试的重点。1.有提示词的都是实词,要求用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。所给词包括动词、形容词、名词和代词四类, 2.无提示词。包括（冠词、介词、连词、从句关系词）。例如：一. 动词的形态变化，即时态（重点考察一般过去时，一般现在时）、被动语态、虚拟语气、祈使句和非谓语动词（v-ing, v-ed, to do 作主语、状语、定语（前置、后置定语）等This isn’t as hard as it___7___(sound),根据前面的谓语isn’t得知描述的是一般事实，主语为第三人称it，因此用sound的一般现在时也要用第三人称单数形式。故填sounds.because you improve your vocabulary while___8___(read) an interesting piece of literature.前后主语一致，逻辑主语you与动词read为主动关系，故用现在分词reading ... 作状语；也可视为状语从句while you are reading... 的省略形式，省略主语和be动词。故填reading。you will tend to use the words___10___(learn)this way in conversations almost automatically.前面有谓语动词，划线动词和前一句没有连词，可以判定出填非谓语形式。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰words，表示“已学过的词”， words与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。 141．carrots 142．shiny/shining 143．so 144．myself 145．earlier 146．to cook 147．searched 148．swept 149．where 150．a 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了主人公Pahlsson在一个胡萝卜的茂密的叶子下面，找到了她遗失很久的结婚戒指。16年前Pahlsson在厨房做饭时取下戒指，之后戒指就找不到了。而16年后花园中胡萝卜的意外发芽使戒指通过绿叶又被找回。她的丈夫现在认为戒指可能和一堆厨房垃圾被扫到花园中，他们认为戒指的失而复得是个奇迹。 141．考查名词的数。句意：Lena Pahlsson掏出一把小胡萝卜正要扔掉。a handful of意为“一把，几个”，后加可数名词复数形式。故填carrots。 142．考查形容词。句意：她注意到一个闪亮的物体。这里用形容词修饰名词，shine的形容词形式可以是shiny/shining，故填shiny/shining。 143．考查固定句型。句意：Pahlsson大声的喊叫以至于她女儿从房子里跑出来。so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”。故填so。 144．考查代词。句意：她认为我伤害了我自己。女儿听到母亲的叫声跑出门后，是以为母亲伤害了她自己。故填myself。 145．考查固定表达。由语境也可知，作者想要强调这个戒指是十六年前丢的，想要强调时间。“数词+years earlier”表示多年前，故填earlier。 146．考查非谓语动词。句意：Pahlsson把钻石戒指摘掉去做饭。这里用不定式表目的，故填to cook。 147．考查时态。句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫在厨房寻找。由语境可知，这段是她回忆戒指丢失的场景，故谓语动词需要用过去时。故填searched。 148．考查被动语态。句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫现在认为戒指可能和一堆厨房垃圾被扫到花园中。由语境可知，戒指是被扫到花园中，got在此是系动词。故填swept。 149．考查定语从句。句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫现在认为戒指可能和一堆厨房垃圾被扫到花园中，在那里直到胡萝卜意外地发芽使戒指通过绿叶又被找到。前后两句很完整，由句意可知，后半句是对花园进行了进一步的解释说明。故后半句是定语从句，先行词是garden，在定语从句作地点状语，关系词用where，故填where。 150．考查冠词。句意：它的回来（指戒指失而复得）是一件很奇妙的事。wonder在这句话中的词性是名词，表示数量“一”，可数名词单数前需要加冠词。故填a。 151．pages 152．from 153．than 154．quickly 155．carrying 156．to begin 157．as/when 158．whispered 159．surprised 160．performance 【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者观看魔术师表演的故事。 151．考查名词单复数。句意：我心不在焉地翻阅电话簿。电话簿的页码用名词复数，故填pages。 152．考查介词。句意：喝着冰咖啡，我的手指沿着地图上的街道从旅馆跑到歌剧院。 表示“从宾馆到歌剧厅”。from...to...从……到……，故填from。 153．考查介词。句意：我想，不到半小时的步行路程。 表示“最多半小时的路程”。not more than是固定搭配，表示“至多”。故填than。 154．考查副词。句意：我快速看了看表。 副词修饰动词，quickly修饰look，故填quickly。 155．考查非谓语动词。句意：很快，我面带微笑带着奇特的黑手提包走在去表演的路上。 现在分词表伴随状态，故填carrying。 156．考查动词时态。句意：表演正要开始。be about to do sth.是一般将来时，表示“正要做某事”，故填to begin。 157．考查状语从句连接词。 句意：当伟大的魔术师正戴上他的帽子时，我以我的方式到了后台。“我在魔术师戴帽子的时候进了后台”，用时间状语从句，故填as/when。 158．考查动词时态。句意：“爸爸，见到你我太高兴了。”我低声说。 过去发生在过去，故用一般过去时态，故填whispered。 159．考查形容词。 句意：带着惊讶的微笑离开了他。表示感到用ed，用“惊讶的”surprised作前置定语，故填surprised。 160．考查名词。句意：神奇的是，这场表演一直是杰森最好的表演。表示“最好的表演”，此处用名词形式，故填performance。 【知识拓展】while, when, as的用法区别 都译为“当…的时候”,区别为：when后的从句谓语动词既可是延续性动词,也可是短暂性动词,而且还可作并列连词,译为“这时”.但以下句型一定用when,作并列连词： 句型A：be about to do…when…正要做…这时(发生另一事) 句型B：was/were doing…when…正在…这时(发生另一事) 句型C：had done…when…刚要做…这时(发生另一事) 1.We were about to set out when it began to rain.我们刚要出发天突然下雨了. 2.He had hardly sat down when his mobile rang.他刚一坐下手机就响了. 3.I was walking along the bank of the river when I fell into it.我正沿河岸散步突然掉进水里. while后的从句谓语动词只能是延续性动词,强调主从句的两个动词同时发生；while也可作并列连词,表示两个动作的对比,译为“而”“然而”.as则表示两个变化中的动作的同时性,译为“一边…一边…”. 1.While his mother was cooking in the kitchen, the boy fell asleep in the chair.(在一个延续动作过程中发生另一个动作) 2.He hurried home, looking behind as he went.他匆匆回家,边走边往后看. 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$