Unit 1 Lesson 4 Don't Smoke， Please重点知识预览- 【通城学典】2024八年级英语暑期升级训练（冀教版）

60 Lesson 4 Don􀆳t Smoke, Please Smoking is a bad habit. As a student, you should never smoke. Why is smoking harmful? · Smoking is bad for your health. It can cause diseases of the heart and lungs. Every year, milions of people around the world die as a result of smoking. That􀆳s terrible! · If you smoke, you harm yourself, and you􀆳re also harming the people around you with your second-hand smoke. · Smoking polutes the environment, too. Everyone wants to live in a clean environment and breathe fresh air. In many countries, smoking in public places is now against the law. What should we do? · Never touch cigaretes. Whenever someone offers you a cigarette, you should always say no. Don􀆳t take that risk. · When somebody talks about smoking, change the topic. · If your family members smoke, encourage them to stop smoking. It wil be hard for them, but you should try explaining how important it is for their health. · Eat more fruits and vegetables, do more exercise, and form good habits. Once you get into the habit of smoking, it􀆳s not easy to give it up. Stay away from cigarettes and you can live a long, healthy and happy life. 吸烟是一个坏习惯。作为一名学生,你 绝不应该吸烟。 为什么吸烟有害? ·吸烟对你的健康有害。它会导致心脏 和肺部疾病。每年,全世界有数百万人死于 吸烟。那是可怕的! ·如果你吸烟,你伤害了自己,你也用你 的二手烟伤害了你周围的人。 ·吸烟也污染环境。每个人都想生活在 一个干净的环境中,呼吸新鲜的空气。现在 在许多国家,在公共场所吸烟是违法的。 我们应该做什么? ·绝不接触香烟。无论何时有人给你递 了一支烟,你都应该拒绝。不要冒那个险。 ·当有人谈论吸烟时,改变话题。 ·如果你的家人吸烟,鼓励他们戒烟。 这对他们来说会很难,但你应该试着解释这 对他们的健康有多重要。 ·多吃水果和蔬菜,多做运动,养成良好 的习惯。 一旦你养成吸烟的习惯,要戒掉就不容 易了。远离香烟,你就能过上长久、健康和幸 福的生活。 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 1. Why is smoking harmful? 为什么吸烟有害? [指点迷津] harmful为形容词,意为“有害的, 导致损害的”,由“harm +后缀-ful”构成,其反 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 英语(冀教版)八年级 课文朗读 61 义词为harmless,意为“无害的”。常用短语be harmful to意为“对……有害”,相当于be bad for,其反义短语为be good for,意为“对…… 有益”。 It􀆳s harmful to your health to drink too much. 过量喝酒对你的健康有害。 拓展: harmful是由harm衍变而来的。 (1) harm作名词,意为“损害;伤害”。 do harm to意为“对……造成损害”。 (2) harm作动词,意为“损害;伤害”。 [小试身手] Don􀆳t eat junk food. It􀆳s (harm) to your health. 2. Every year, milions of people around the world die as a result of smoking. 每年,全世界有数百万人死于吸烟。 [指点迷津] (1) milions of表示概数,意为“数 百万的”,此时 milion用复数形式,且与of 连用。 We plant milions of trees every year. 每年我们种植数百万棵树。 拓展: 当milion前有基数词,表达确数时,无论 基数词是什么, milion永远都用单数形式。与 milion 用 法 相 同 的 单 词 还 有 hundred, thousand和bilion。 [小试身手] ① (龙东地区中考)Harbin is a beautiful city. So (milion) of people come here to enjoy snow every winter. (2) as a result, the result of与as a result of的 辨析。 as a result 副词状语,意为“因此”,常作插入语,放 在句首或句中单独使用,后面是事情的 结果,用逗号与其他部分隔开,相当 于so。 the result of 意为“……的结果”。 (续表) as a result of 短语介词,意为“由于,因为”,后跟表示 原因的名词、代词,使用时先交代结果 再引出原因,相当于because of。 He was late as a result of the heavy snow. 由于大雪,他迟到了。 He worked hard at his lesson. As a result, he passed the exam easily. 他学习很刻苦。因此,他很容易地通过了 考试。 [小试身手] ② Don􀆳t ask him to study late into the night. He may sleep in class staying up. A. as a result of B. after al C. best of al D. for example 3. Whenever someone offers you a cigarette, you should always say no. 无论何时有人给你递了一支烟,你都应该拒绝。 [指点迷津] whenever为连词,意为“无论何时, 在任何……的时候”,相当于no matter when, 引导让步状语从句。 You can ask for help whenever you need it. 你如果需要帮助随时可以提出来。 Please cal me whenever you leave. = Please cal me no matter when you leave. 无论你什么时候离开,请给我打个电话。 拓展: whatever = no matter what无论什么 wherever = no matter where无论哪里 however = no matter how不管怎样 whichever = no mater which 无论哪个;无论哪些 [小试身手] you have problems, just let me know. I􀆳l always be there for you. A. However B. Whatever C. Whenever D. Whichever 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 3预学储备 62 4. Don􀆳t take that risk. 不要冒那个险。 [指点迷津] A good pilot never takes a risk. 优秀的飞行员从来不冒险。 They risked losing lives to save that child. 他们冒着失去生命的危险挽救那个孩子。 [小试身手] Driving after drinking is dangerous. It can increase the of traffic accidents. A. advantage B. stress C. safety D. risk 5. Once you get into the habit of smoking, it􀆳s not easy to give it up. 一旦 你 养 成 吸 烟 的 习 惯,要 戒 掉 就 不 容 易了。 [指点迷津] “get into the habit of ...”意为“养 成……习惯”。介词of后接动名词。 I get into the habit of listening to music every night. 我养成了每天晚上听音乐的习惯。 [小试身手] We should get into the habit of the teacher carefuly in class. A. listen to B. listening to C. listening D. listen 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 一、 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填空。 1. Eating too much chocolate is h to your teeth. 2. W you need help, send me an e- mail or cal me. 3. (有人) has parked his car right in front of mine, so I can􀆳t get out. 4. There is a (公共的) telephone on the corner of Taihai Street and Xinhua Road. 5. Smoking can increase the (风险) of getting il. 二、 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的 单词(有提示词的填入所给单词的正确形式)。 Smoking is bad for our health. Every year many people get sick due to 1. (smoke). Some even die because 2. it. It􀆳s quite dangerous for us to smoke. Smokers only want to try it at 3. (one). 4. they smoke more and more, and when they want to give it up, they can􀆳t. The habit is so strong that smokers find it very hard to give up. Some people have got cancer. Some of them lost their 5. (life). Nobody likes to stay together with smokers because 6. smoke is bad for others. Since smoking is so 7. (harm), smokers should stop the bad habit. You can try 8. (change) it little by little. When you want to smoke, 9. (eat) some fruits or snacks. You can also do some other things to make you think of 10. (anything) else. Please give up smoking for the health of you and your family. 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 英语(冀教版)八年级 22 知,维生素D使我们的骨骼强壮。 2. C 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“But our bodies can􀆳t make Vitamin D.”可知,人的身体不能制造维 生素D。 3. A 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句和最后一句可 知,人们应该确保吃富含维生素D的食物,像鱼和鸡蛋。 所以人们能够通过吃鱼获得维生素D。 4. A 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Too much sun is not good for us, but about 15 minutes a day is usualy enough.”可知,每天晒大约15分钟太阳就足 够了。 5. B 段落大意题。根据第三段第一句“Where can a person get this very important vitamin?”可知,本段主要告 诉人们在哪里可以获得维生素D。 Lesson 4 Don􀆳t Smoke, Please [新知讲解] 1. harmful 2. ① milions ② A 3. C 4. D 5. B [预学训练] 一、 1. harmful 2. Whenever 3. Someone/Somebody 4. public 5. risk 二、 1. smoking 句意:每年都有许多人因吸烟而生病。 to在此处为介词,后接动名词。 2. of 句意:有些人甚至死于它(吸烟)。固定短语 because of意为“因为”。 3. first 句意:吸烟者开始只想试试。 at first意为“起初, 开始”。 4. But 句意:但是他们抽得越来越多,当他们想戒烟的 时候,却戒不掉。分析句意可知,此处表示转折,故 填But。 5. lives 句意:他们中的一些人失去了他们的生命。根 据them可知,此处应用复数, life的复数形式是lives。 6. the 句意:没有人喜欢和吸烟者待在一起,因为烟对 别人有害。 7. harmful 句意:既然吸烟是如此有害的,吸烟者应该 停止这个坏习惯。根据句意可知,此处应用形容词形式, harm的形容词形式是harmful。 8. changing 句意:你可以尝试一点一点改变它。 try doing sth.意为“尝试做某事”,故填changing。 9. eat 句意:当你想吸烟时,吃一些水果或零食。此处表 示建议,用祈使句,动词原形开头,故填eat。 10. something 句意:你也可以做一些其他的事情,让你 想到其他事情。肯定句中用something。 Lesson 5 Jane􀆳s Lucky Life [新知讲解] 1. B 2. B 句意:这个小女孩晚上不敢独自待在家里。本句陈 述一般情况,为一般现在时,故排除A、 D两项。 dare作实 义动词时,有人称和数的变化, dare to do sth.意为“敢于 做某事”;作情态动词时,后跟动词原形。 3. C 4. cheer 5. It􀆳s a pity to [预学训练] 一、 1. telephone 2. kicking 句意:当我看到比尔的时候,他正在院子里 踢球。 3. control 4. cheered 句意:成千上万的赛跑者冲出起跑线,许多人 沿路欢呼。根据rushed out可知,句子是一般过去时,动 词用过去式。 5. pity 二、 1. B 句意:他们以1小时59分钟的成绩完成了半程 马拉松比赛。 hold举行; finish完成; cancel取消; watch 观看。根据句中in an hour and 59 minutes可知,他们完 成了半程马拉松比赛。 2. A 句意:他不得不待在家里,但他的父亲决定和他一 起参加马拉松比赛,让他过上充实快乐的生活。 ful充实 的; silent沉默的; short短的; boring无聊的。根据 “...and happy life”可知,空处与happy并列,具有相同色 彩的单词应是ful,表示“充实的生活”。 3. B 句意:然而,这个决定很有挑战性,因为罗书坚没有 体育运动的经验。 interesting有趣的; sporting体育运动 的; boring无趣的; acting临时代理的。根据文中by taking up marathons可知,他想跑马拉松,但是没有体育 运动的经验。 4. D 句意:他不得不在凌晨4点起床,在上班前练习跑 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈