专项训练(一)- 【通城学典】2024八年级英语暑期升级训练（冀教版）

22 专项训练(一) 语法(构词法、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级) 一、 构词法 1. 合成词:合成名词、合成形容词、合成代词;2. 派生法:前缀、后缀;3. 转化法。 二、 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 1. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成;2. 形容词和副词比较 级的用法;3. 形容词和副词最高级的用法。 一、 阅读下面短文,根据汉语提示在空白处填 入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形 式填空。 In London, the trafic is very heavy. Some- times a journey of a few kilometres can take 1. (many) than an hour. So what􀆳s the 2. (good) way to travel around London? For a very 3. (短的) journey, it􀆳s a good idea to walk. But what happens when you want to go 4. (far)? The presenters on a popular TV car program did an experiment(实验). They chose 5. (不 同 的) ways to make the same 27-kilometre journey. One presenter went by bike. One went by car. Another went by bus. And the 6. (最 后的) one traveled by boat. They al started at the 7. (同样的) time and the same place, but who got to City Airport in East London first? The bike came first. The second place was the boat. The bus came third and the car was the last. The bike was faster than al the other ways and the car was the 8. (slow). The presenters weren􀆳t very happy with the result because they wanted the car to win. They said the bike wasn􀆳t a 9. (真的) winner because it was more dangerous. But the bike is the real winner. It􀆳s 10. (cheap) than a bus and healthier for people than a car. And it doesn􀆳t polute the air. 二、 阅读下面短文,用括号内所给词的正确形 式填空。 Many have heard of shark fin soup. This famous and expensive dish is especialy popular in some 1. (south) cities. But do you realize that you􀆳re kiling a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup? When people catch sharks, they cut off 2. (they) fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean. This is not only cruel, but also 3. (harm) to the environment. 4. (with) a fin, a shark can no longer swim. And it wil 5. (slow) die. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean􀆳s ecosystem. If their number drops too low, it wil bring 6. (dangerous) to al ocean life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the 7. (strong) on their food chain. But in fact, around 70 milion sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year. 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 英语(冀教版)八年级 23 Environmental protection groups have asked governments to set up laws to stop the sale of shark fins. So far, no 8. (science) studies have shown that shark fins are good for 9. (healthy), so why do people eat 10. (they)? Help save the sharks! 三、 (成都中考)根据短文内容,用方框中所给 单词的正确形式填空。 actual advantage child dificult diference hear many possible silence tel Do you believe that a rose says “I want some water.” or that a tree shouts “My arms hurt!”? Maybe you wil say that this could only happen in some 1. stories. In fact, plants are not always 2. . A recent study has found that plants shout when they are in need of water or having their stems cut. “Even in a quiet field, there are 3. some sounds that carry information. However, the pitch(音高) is too high for people 4. ,” said Lilach Hadany, a professor from Tel Aviv University. The researchers used microphones to record some tomato plants and found that stressed plants sent out 5. sounds than unstressed plants. “When tomatoes are not stressed at al, they are very quiet,” Professor Hadany said. They also trained a machine in 6. the differences between thirsty plants and cut plants. The result showed that when the causes of stress changed, they shouted 7. . After the team recorded many kinds of other plants, they found that many plants like corn sent out sounds when they were under stress, too. “There is a 8. that a lot of communication is happening,” Professor Hadany said. “Because other plants can probably hear the cal of the stressed plants.” Sound recordings of plants could bring humans lots of 9. , especialy in farming. For example, people wil make sure corn is getting enough water and where water is needed most without 10. . 答案讲解 四、 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个 适当的单词(有提示词的填入所给单 词的正确形式)。 It is Saturday, but our school team is training hard because we􀆳l have a footbal match next week. The practice starts at 10 a.m. We al arrive as early 1. we can so that we can have time to warm up. We are training 2. (hard) than usual because the other team beat us last year. This year we want to do better. It is 3. (difficult) to practise in winter than in the other seasons because it gets dark 4. (early) than usual and the weather is cold, too. Our coach is pleased because we are playing 5. (wel) as a team now. Last year we were sometimes careless and we lost to the other team in the final match. What a pity! This year we are training 6. (carefuly) than before. So we have a 7. (good) chance of winning. Now our club has 8. (many) fans than before. I think with their support, together with our hard work, our team wil become one of the 9. (good) school teams. We always believe that the more we train, the 10. (great) progress we wil make. 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 2整合提优 24 阅 读 (一) 一、 完形填空。 I was walking my dog near my home in San Francisco last week when I saw a white dog. It was wearing a blue colar(颈圈), but I didn􀆳t see its 1 anywhere. I waited for a while, but nobody came. Then I asked the dog 2 it wanted to come home with me or not. I was only joking, but it ran to me and stood by my side, ready to leave. I knew that this was a 3 dog. On the dog􀆳s colar, there was a tag(标牌) 4 a phone number. I caled the number. Its owners, Tina and Dan, were surprised to hear from me. They said the dog􀆳s name was Banjo and that they lived in Chicago, over 2,000 miles away. Banjo had been lost for over a year. And they had no idea how Banjo 5 it al the way across the country. They also had no idea how to get it 6 because they had a baby at home and couldn􀆳t make the long trip to San Francisco. I asked for 7 online. Lots of people wanted to help Banjo get home. Then Banjo started its trip home. It 8 20 drivers four days to send Banjo home. Banjo was 9 to meet the new baby and to be back home. 10 owners were excited to have it back, too. Banjo􀆳s story shows what people can achieve when they al work together. 1. A. partner B. driver C. owner D. member 2. A. when B. whether C. why D. how 3. A. relaxed B. crazy C. hurt D. lost 4. A. with B. of C. for D. to 5. A. foundB. made C. boughtD. brought 6. A. back B. out C. in D. on 7. A. wealth B. trade C. truth D. help 8. A. spent B. wasted C. took D. passed 9. A. glad B. worried C. bored D. angry 10. A. TheirB. Its C. Our D. Your 二、 (孝感中考)阅读理解。 New Ways to Raise Money Live-streams(网络直播) of animals Shanghai Wild Animal Park live-streams animals every morning to show how they live. Thousands of people watch pandas eating bamboo. So far, the zoo has over 3.5 milion fans. Online adoption(领养) Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo gets help from online adoption. It􀆳s a new way for more people to care about animals. About 150 animals have been adopted. Make cultural and creative products Beijing Zoo has brought out ice creams in the shape of elephants, girafes and pandas. It also makes stuffed(填充) toys with the image of tigers. Create animal stars Nantong Forest Safari Park made a monkey named Kai Sa become a star. Thousands of Kai Sa􀆳s fans bought the zoo􀆳s annual membership cards (年卡) and visited it. 1. How does Shanghai Wild Animal Park raise money? A. By online adoption. B. By creating animal stars. C. By live-streaming animals. D. By making cultural and creative products. 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 英语(冀教版)八年级 25 2. How many animals in Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo have been adopted? A. Over 350. B. About 150. C. Almost 1,000. D. Nearly 3.5 milion. 3. makes stuffed toys with the image of tigers. A. Shanghai Wild Animal Park B. Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo C. Beijing Zoo D. Nantong Forest Safari Park 4. This passage most probably comes from . A. a storybook B. a newspaper C. science fiction D. an instruction 三、 (辽宁中考改编)任务型阅读。 These days, short videos and live-streams have gotten milions of views online. More and more people create and share short videos on popular apps to show parts of their lives. Live-streams are popular among the people aged 18 to 35. Even the teachers give lessons by live-stream. Besides leaving reviews on the screen, viewers can also communicate directly with the hosts by buying virtual(虚拟的) gifts such as flowers, toys and cars for them online. What􀆳s more, the live-stream alows users to communicate with strangers and express themselves. A 19-year-old colege student caled Nic Li says she spends three or four hours each week chatting and singing with viewers through one app. “Sometimes I feel lonely and want to talk to people,” she says. “I feel nice when viewers are paying attention to me.” However, as there are more than 80 apps and 300 websites for people to live-stream in China, the Internet regulator(监 管 机 构) almost can􀆳t monitor the content(内容) al the time. “We support the use of live-streams. But people should be aware of the two sides of it,” one of the officials said. 1题完成句子;2、3、4、5题简略回答问题。 1. More and more people create and share short videos on popular apps to show . 2. How do viewers communicate with hosts? 3. Why is Nic Li􀆳s example mentioned? 4. Is it difficult for the Internet regulator to monitor the content al the time? 5. What should people be aware of when they are using live-streams? 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 完成句子类任务型阅读 解题技巧:关键词定位法。首先要找出题干中的关键词,再由关键词定位到文章中对应的句子,最后与题干 一一对应,找出相应位置空缺的内容并将其补上。做完题后要检查句子结构,从语法形式和意义上进行复查,确 保答案正确。 2整合提优 26 阅 读 (二) 一、 阅读理解。 A(广安中考改编) We know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds, fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time. They move for different reasons. Most of them move to find food more easily, but others move to get away from places that are too crowded. When cold weather comes, many birds move to warmer places to find food. Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The most famous migration (迁徙) is probably the migration of the fish which is caled “salmon”. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends most of its life. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies there. In the north of Europe, there is a kind of mouse. They leave their mountain homes when their homes become too crowded. They move down to the low land. Sometimes they move al the way to the seaside and many of them are kiled when they fal into the sea. Recently scientists have studied the migration of a special kind of lobster(龙虾). Every year when the season of bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocean. Nobody knows where they go. So sometimes we know why animals move from one place to another but sometimes we don􀆳t. Maybe living things just like to travel. 1. Most animals move from one place to another at a certain time to . A. enjoy warmer weather B. get food more easily C. find fresh water D. find beautiful places 2. The fish caled “salmon” spends a long life in . A. salt water B. fresh water C. its birthplace D. rivers 3. Where do the special lobsters go according to the passage? A. To warm water.B. To cold water. C. To salt water. D. Nobody knows. B(福建中考改编) 答案讲解 Whether yelow, red or white, the onion is a vegetable that you may not know wel. The list of its uses in cooking is endless. People have used onions to add flavor(味道) to their foods for thousands of years. Besides onions􀆳 great taste, they are very good for you. They have special chemicals (化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and then you have fewer chances of getting a disease. No matter how good onions are for you, it is difficult to cut an onion without your eyes filing with tears! When you cut into an onion, irritating(刺激性的) chemicals inside the onion wil get into the air. They touch your whole eyes and cause pain. Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes. Luckily, cooks and scientists have discovered some ways to keep you from crying when you cut up onions: •Cut the onion under running water. The water wil wash away the chemicals before they can reach your eyes. 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 英语(冀教版)八年级 27 •Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it. The air wil blow the chemicals away from your eyes. •Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting. This helps make the chemicals in the onion move slowly, so they may not ever reach your eyes. If you try out these good ideas and stil cry while cutting onions, don􀆳t worry. Scientists think if you cut more onions, your body wil become more resilient(有适应力的) to the onion􀆳s chemicals. So the tears wil not last long. If you think about how healthy onions are, you might even cal those tears “happy tears”. 4. Onions can help you fight off sickness because they have . A. different colours B. many uses in cooking C. great taste D. special chemicals 5. Why do your eyes make tears when you cut onions? A. To improve physical condition. B. To prevent common diseases. C. To wash away irritating chemicals. D. To cause terrible pain. 6. What can you do to stop crying according to the text? ① Cut the onion under running water. ② Use a fan to blow air over the onion while cutting. ③ Cover the onion with a piece of cloth as you cut it. ④ Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 二、 根据短文内容,用方框中所给单词的正确 形式填空。 live move big deal because use real I though different When Reshma Kosaraju was 12, her family 1. from Chicago to Northern California. Soon after, the Camp Fire started. “It was one of the 2. fires in California history,” Reshma told TIME for Kids. 3. her school was about 320 kilometres south of the fire, students stil had to wear masks(面罩) 4. of the smoke. “It is an unusual experience for me, because I have never 5. experienced this problem,” she said. So she hoped 6. with the problem. Later, she created a 7. way to predict forest fires with artificial inteligence(人工智能). Her method is nearly 90% right. “8. realized that if I could succeed, the results could make a big 9. . For example, the environment can be helped and many 10. can be saved,” Reshma said. 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 方框选词类短文填空 题型解读:该题型主要考查考生对词语的认知及对基本语法知识的掌握。 解题技巧:1. 标注词性。阅读待选词汇时,给所有词语标注上词性,以便填空时确定语法关系;2. 通读全 文。快速浏览,细读首尾句,了解文章大意。 2整合提优 28 写 作 [典题在线] (武威、白银中考) 假设你是李辉。你校英语报“Protect the Environment”专栏面向全校学生征集主题海报 及宣传稿,需要用英语向大家宣讲环保的意义 及作为中学生怎样保护环境。请你根据以下海 报的提示,以“Save the Earth: Let􀆳s Do Our Part!”为题,用英语写一篇稿件投稿。 要求:1. 包括提示中所有的要点;2. 条理 清晰,可适当发挥;3. 稿件中不能出现真实的 人名和地名等信息;4. 词数:80左右。 [审题谋篇] 这是一道关于保护环境的话题写作题,属于 说明文范畴。根据要点提示,本写作可分为三段: 第一段开篇点题,阐述自己的观点,呼吁大家保护 地球;第二段阐述作为中学生应该怎样保护环境; 最后一段宣讲环保的意义。该类写作时态多以一 般现在时为主,人称以第一、第三人称为主。 [写作提纲] [连词成句] 请选用方框中的关键词翻译下面的句子。 do one􀆳s best reduce polution take action make a difference save water instead of ride a bike protect animals environment recycle fulfil basic needs cut down 1. 我们应该尽我们所能保护环境。 2. 我们应该采取行动,有所作为,帮助拯救 地球! 3. 为了保护地球,我们可以从节约用水和减少 污染开始。 4. 我们也可以保护动物和回收利用东西。 5. 我们也可以选择骑自行车而不是开车来帮 助防止污染。 [连句成篇] Save the Earth: Let􀆳s Do Our Part! The earth is the only home to everyone. ① It􀆳s cry for our help now. ② Like middle school students, we should do our best to protect the environment. ③ We should take action to make a different and help save the earth! To protect the earth, we can start by saving water, planting more trees, and reducing polution. ④ We can also protect animals and recycle things whenever possible. ⑤ We can also choose to ride a bike instead of drive a car to help stop polution. Make sure we always throw trash in the proper bins. 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 英语(冀教版)八年级 29 By doing our part, we can make a positive impact on the environment and create a better future for ourselves and generations to come. [名师点评] 文章采取“三段论”结构:首先呼吁大家保 护地球,接着具体阐述作为中学生怎样保护环 境,最后宣讲环保的意义。本文结构完整,意思 表达明确,从整体上来看这是一篇不错的作文。 但该作文在细节方面尚存一些语法和用词 错误需要改正,比如:第①③⑤句均存在这方面 的问题。 另外,该作文在语法、句式、用词方面还有 一些提升的空间,比如:第②句有中式英语的味 道;第④句逻辑关系不够顺畅。 [千锤百炼] 答案讲解 A 单句改错:请找出并改正下列句子中 唯一的一处错误。 1. It􀆳s cry for our help now. 2. We should take action to make a different and help save the earth! 3. We can also choose to ride a bike instead of drive a car to help stop polution. B 句式升级:请根据要求完成下面的句子。 1. Like middle school students, we should do our best to protect the environment.(用as 改写句子) 2. We can also protect animals and recycle things whenever possible.(用as much as possible改写句子) [范文展示] Save the Earth: Let􀆳s Do Our Part! The earth is the only home to everyone. It􀆳s crying for our help now. As middle school students, we should do our best to􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍 protect the environment. We should take action􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍 to make a 􀪍􀪍􀪍 difference􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍 and help save the earth! To protect the earth, we can start by saving water, planting more trees, and reducing polution. We can also protect animals and recycle things as much as possible􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍. We can also choose to ride a bike instead of􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍 driving a car to help stop polution. Make sure we always throw trash in the proper bins. By doing our part, we can make a positive 􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍 impact on􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍􀪍 the environment and create a better future for ourselves and generations to come. [自主训练] 近年来,自然灾害频发,引起了全球对环境 保护以及动物保护的思考。请你根据下面的提 示,以“Protect the Natural World”为题写一篇 英语演讲稿,呼吁全体师生积极行动。 提示:1. Why is it important to protect the natural world? 2. What problems does nature face? 3. What should we do to protect the natural world? 要求:1. 词数80左右,开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数;2. 须包括所有要点,可适当发 挥;3. 文中不得提及真实的人名、校名等信息。 Protect the Natural World Good morning, everyone! Today I am very happy to be here to give a talk about protecting the natural world. That􀆳s al. Thanks for your listening! 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 2整合提优 9 这项挑战。根据than before可知,这里用形容词比较级, many的比较级为more。 3. swimming 句意:人们可以通过步行、跑步、骑行或游 泳来筹集资金。分析句子结构可知,这里用swim的动名 词形式swimming,和前面的walking、 running、 riding词 性保持一致。 4. from 句意:2021年的时间是从10月3日到10月 17日。根据October 3rd to October 17th可知,这里是 “from ...to ...”结构,意为“从……到……”。 5. nearly 句意:并且有大约700人接受了这个挑战,移 动了差不多2万千米。根据20000km可知,这里是差不 多2万千米,用near的副词形式nearly,意为“差不多”。 6. them 句意:艾玛·里德就是其中之一。根据one of 可知,介词后面人称代词用宾格, they的宾格形式为them。 7. a 句意:她当时是一个六岁的女孩。 girl是可数名词, six以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用不定冠词a。 8. what 句意:她经常问人们她能为他们做些什么。根 据she could do可知,这里是what引导的宾语从句。 9. planned 句意:为了帮助养活有需要的人,她计划步行 100千米,为了2000美元。根据“...she walked, ran or rode.”可知,这里是描述她过去做的事,因此用plan的过 去式planned。 10. days 句意:在上学的日子里,她走路、跑步或骑车。 on school days意为“在上学日”。 八、 1. smart home 根据第一段中的“Ms.Liu, the guide, showed us around a smart home.”可知,刘女士带 领“我们”参观了一个智能家庭。 2. open; door 根据第二段中的“They can electronicaly open the door when they are not at home ...”可知,当主 人不在家的时候,可以用电子设备打开门。 3. It is on the smartphone. 根据第三段中的“Oh, the key is on the smartphone.”可知,钥匙在手机上。 4. By using the computer. 根据第四段中的“By using the computer, the owners can control how much energy is used.”可知,通过使用电脑,主人可以控制使用了多少 能量。 5. Yes, I do. Because this technology is improving our life./No, I don􀆳t. Because the technology in the smart home may make us lazier.(本小题答案不唯一) 九、 One possible version: Stay Safe Online With the wide spread of the Internet, we have easy access to almost everything we want to know. Meanwhile, there are also hidden dangers that we can􀆳t see through. Then what should we do to stay safe online? First of al, protect your privacy. Don􀆳t give away your personal information like names or addresses. Second, don􀆳t click on any strange links so as to avoid property loss. Third, never see strangers you meet online. Finaly, always be polite in the virtual world. Try not to be a target for cyberbulying. Only when we obey the rules above can we build a healthy and harmonious online world. 2 整合提优 专项训练(一) 语法(构词法、形容词和副词的 比较级和最高级) 一、 1. more 2. best 3. short 4. further 5. different 6. last 7. same 8. slowest 9. real 10. cheaper 二、 1. southern 句意:这道著名、昂贵的菜在一些南方 城市特别受欢迎。在南方城市,用southern。 2. their 句意:当人们捕到鲨鱼的时候,他们割下鲨鱼的 鳍,然后把鲨鱼扔回海里面。根据catch sharks可知,空 格处应用they的形容词性物主代词their。 3. harmful 句意:这不仅残忍,还对环境有害。 be harmful to意为“对……有害”。 4. Without 句意:没有了鳍,鲨鱼再也不能游泳。空格 处缺少介词,根据常识可知,鲨鱼没有鳍会影响它们游泳, 空格处应用Without。 5. slowly 句意:并且它会慢慢死亡。空格处缺少副词, 根据常识可知,鲨鱼没有鳍会慢慢死亡,空格处应用slow 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 10 的副词形式slowly修饰动词die。 6. danger 句意:如果它们的数量下降得太低,这将给所 有海洋生物带来危险。 dangerous为形容词,意为“危险 的”,此处应用其名词形式danger。 7. strongest 句意:许多人认为鲨鱼永远不会受到威胁, 因为它们在它们的食物链中是最强大的。根据“Many believe that sharks can never be endangered ...”可知,许 多人认为鲨鱼不会受到威胁,说明它们最强大,空格处应 用strong的最高级strongest。 8. scientific 句意:到目前为止,没有科学研究表明鱼翅 对健 康 有 益,因 此,为 什 么 人 类 吃 它 们? 修 饰 名 词 studies,应用形容词。 9. health 句意:到目前为止,没有科学研究表明鱼翅对 健康有益,因此,为什么人类吃它们? 介词for后跟名词, healthy是形容词,其名词形式是health。 10. them 句意:到目前为止,没有科学研究表明鱼翅对 健康有益,因此,为什么人类吃它们? eat后接they的宾 格形式them,表示“它们”。 三、 1. children􀆳s 句意:也许你会说这只会发生在一些儿 童故事中。根据“...this could only happen in some ... stories.”及备选词可知,只会发生在一些儿童故事中,要 用child的复数形式children,且修饰名词stories,用其名 词所有格形式,故填children􀆳s。 2. silent 句意:事实上,植物并不总是沉默的。 silent意 为“沉默的”。 3. actualy 句意:即使在安静的田野里,实际上也有一些 携带信息的声音。此空缺少副词作状语,备选词actual的 副词形式是actualy。 4. to hear 句意:然而,音调太高,人们听不到。“too ...to” 意为“太……而不能”。 5. more 句意:研究人员用麦克风记录了一些番茄植株 (的情况),(他们)发现受到压力的植株比没有受到压力的 植株发出更多的声音。根据than可知,此处用比较级,根 据“When tomatoes are not stressed at al, they are very quiet ...”可知,当番茄完全没有承受压力时,它们会非常 安静,也就是说受到压力的植株比没有受到压力的植株发 出更多的声音, many的比较级more意为“更多的”,符合 语境。 6. teling 句意:他们还训练了一台机器来区分干渴的植 物和被切割的植株。根据the differences between thirsty plants and cut plants及备选词可知,此处讲述干渴的植物 和切割的植物之间的区别, tel在此处意为“辨别”, in是 介词,后接动名词,故填teling。 7. differently 句意:研究结果表明,当压力的原因发生 变化时,它们发出的声音会有所不同。根据“...when the causes of stress changed, they shouted ...”以及备选词可 知,压力 原 因 发 生 变 化,发 出 的 声 音 也 不 同,副 词 differently修饰动词。 8. possibility 此处指有一种可能性是大量的交流正在 发生。根据a可知,此空应填名词,备选词possible的名 词形式possibility符合,表示一种可能性。 9. advantages 根据“...people wil make sure corn is getting enough water ...”可知,记录植物发出的声音会 给人们带来一些好处, advantage意为“有利条件”, lots of修饰名词的复数形式,故填advantages。 10. difficulty 句意:例如,人们可以毫不费力地确定谷物 是否有足够的水或者哪里最需要水。根据前文描述可知, 这种记录可以给人们带来好处,所以此处指毫不费力地确 定谷物是否有足够的水或者哪里最需要水, without difficulty意为“毫不费力地”。 四、 1. as 句意:我们都尽可能早到,以便有时间热身。 “as ...as”为固定结构。 2. harder 句意:我们正训练得比平时更努力,因为去年 另一支球队打败了我们。由than可知,应用hard的比 较级。 3. more difficult 根据句意及than可知,应用比较级, difficult的比较级是more difficult。 4. earlier 由than可知,应用比较级, early的比较级是 earlier。 5. better 句意:我们的教练很高兴,因为我们现在作为 一个团队打得更好。根据句意可知,用比较级, wel的比 较级是better。 6. more carefuly 句意:今年我们训练比以前更认真。 根据句意及than可知,应用比较级, carefuly的比较级是 词前加more。 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 11 7. better 句意:所以我们获胜的机会更大。根据句意可 知应用比较级, good的比较级是better。 8. more 句意:如今我们俱乐部比以前有更多的球迷。 由than可知,应用比较级, many的比较级是more。 9. best “one of + the +形容词最高级+可数名词复 数”为固定结构。 10. greater “the +比较级, the +比较级”意为“越…… 就越……”。 阅 读 (一) 一、 1. C 句意:它戴着一顶蓝颈圈,但我哪儿也没看到 它的 主 人。 partner伙 伴; driver司 机; owner主 人; member成员。根据“I waited for a while, but nobody came.”可知,作者没有看见这只狗的主人。 2. B 句意:然后我问狗是否想和我一起回家。 when什 么时候; whether是否; why为什么; how如何。根据 “Then I asked the dog ...it wanted to come home with me or not.”可知,此处是“whether ...or not”的结构。 3. D 句意:我知道这是一只迷路的狗。 relaxed令人放松 的; crazy疯狂的; hurt受伤的; lost迷路的。根据“I was only joking, but it ran to me and stood by my side, ready to leave.”可知,作者认为这只狗迷路了。 4. A 句意:在狗的颈圈上,有一个标有电话号码的标 牌。 with带有; of……的; for为了; to到。根据“...there was a tag ...a phone number.”可知,这个标牌上有电话 号码,应用介词with。 5. B 句意:并且他们不知道巴尼奥是如何成功穿越整个 国家的。 find发现; make制作; buy买; bring带来。根 据al the way across the country可知,大家都不知道这只狗 是如何成功穿越整个国家的。 make it在此处意为“成功”。 6. A 句意:他们也不知道怎么把它弄回来,因为他们家 里有个孩子,不能长途跋涉去圣弗朗西斯科(旧金山)。 back返回; out向外; in在……里面; on在……上。此处 的They指代主人,他们想让这只狗回来。 7. D 句意:我在网上寻求帮助。 wealth财富; trade贸 易; truth真相; help帮助。根据“Lots of people wanted to help Banjo get home.”可知,作者在网上求助。 8. C 句意:20名司机花了4天时间才把巴尼奥送回家。 spend花费; waste浪费; take花费; pass通过。根据“It ... 20 drivers four days to send Banjo home.”可知,此处是“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”的结构,意为“某人花费时 间做某事”。 9. A 句意:巴尼奥很高兴见到了新生的孩子,也很高兴 回到了家。 glad开心的; worried担忧的; bored无聊的; angry愤怒的。根据 meet the new baby and to be back home可知, Banjo回到家了,很开心。 10. B 句意:它的主人们也对它的回归感到兴奋。 their 他们的; its它的; our我们的; your你的。此处是指这只 狗的主人,应选Its。 二、 1. C 细节理解题。根据“Shanghai Wild Animal Park live-streams animals every morning to show how they live.”可知,上海野生动物园通过动物直播来筹钱。 2. B 细节理解题。根据“Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo gets help from online adoption. It􀆳s a new way for more people to care about animals. About 150 animals have been adopted.”可知,南京红山森林动物园大约有150只 动物被领养。 3. C 细节理解题。根据“Beijing Zoo has brought out ice creams in the shape of elephants, giraffes and pandas. It also makes stuffed toys with the image of tigers.”可知,北 京动物园制作老虎形象的毛绒玩具。 4. B 文章出处题。根据全文可知,本文主要介绍了四个 动物园用不同的方式来筹集钱,所以可能在报纸上看到。 三、 1. parts of their lives 根据短文中的“More and more people create and share short videos on popular apps to show parts of their lives.”可知,越来越多的人在流行的应 用(程序)上制作和分享短视频,展示自己的生活。 2. By leaving reviews on the screen and buying virtual gifts. 根据短文中的“Besides leaving reviews on the screen, viewers can also communicate directly with the hosts by buying virtual gifts such as flowers, toys and cars for them online.”可知,除了在屏幕上留言,观众还可 以通过在线购买花朵、玩具和汽车等虚拟礼物,直接与主 持人交流。 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 12 3. To show that the live-stream alows users to communicate with strangers and express themselves. 根据短文中的 “What􀆳s more, the live-stream alows users to communicate with strangers and express themselves.”可 知,通过举例Nic Li的经历说明直播可以让用户与陌生 人交流,表达自己。 4. Yes, it is. 根据短文中的“...the Internet regulator almost can􀆳t monitor the content al the time.”可知,互联 网监管机构几乎无法一直监控内容,所以对监管机构来说 是很难的。 5. They should be aware of the two sides of it. 根据短 文中的“But people should be aware of the two sides of it ...”可知,人们应该意识到网络直播的两面性。 阅 读 (二) 一、 A 1. B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“They move for different reasons. Most of them move to find food more easily ...”可知,很多动物迁徙是为了更容易 地获得食物。 2. A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“...the fish which is caled ‘salmon’. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends most of its life.”可知,鲑鱼一生中大部分时间都在咸水 中度过。 3. D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Every year when the season of bad weather arrives ...Nobody knows where they go.”可知,没有人知道它们要去哪里。 B 4. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They have special chemicals that improve your ability to fight off sickness ...”可知,洋葱可以帮助你战胜疾病,因为它们 有特殊的化学物质。 5. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes.” 可知,切洋葱时你的眼睛会流泪是为了洗去有刺激性的化 学物质,保护你的眼睛。 6. B 细节理解题。文中第三段介绍了防止你在切洋葱 时流眼泪的三个方法,即选项中的①②④。 二、 1. moved 句意:当Reshma Kosaraju 12岁时,她的 家人 从 芝 加 哥 搬 到 了 北 加 州。根 据 When Reshma Kosaraju was 12可知,本句话时态是一般过去时,动词用 过去式。 2. biggest 句意:这是加州历史上最大的火灾之一。此 处是“one of + the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数” 结构。 3. Though 句意:虽然她的学校在火灾以南约320千米 处,但由于浓烟弥漫,学生们仍然不得不戴上口罩。根 据“...her school was about 320 kilometres south of the fire, students stil had to wear masks ...”可知,前后构成 让步关系,用though或although引导让步状语从句。 4. because 句意:虽然她的学校在火灾以南约320千米 处,但由于浓烟弥漫,学生们仍然不得不戴上口罩。根 据“...students stil had to wear masks ...of the smoke.” 可知,由于浓烟弥漫,学生们仍然不得不戴上口罩。 because of意为“因为”符合语境。 5. realy 句意:对我来说是一次不寻常的经历,因为我 从来没有真正经历过这个问题。这里需要用副词来修饰 动词, real的副词形式为realy。 6. to deal 句意:所以她希望能解决这个问题。 hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事”。 7. useful 句意:后来,她创造了一种用人工智能预测森 林火灾的有用方法。此处在句中作定语修饰way, useful 意为“有用的”符合语境。 8. I 句意:我意识到,如果我能成功,结果可能会产生重 大影响。根据句意理解,此处主语应是I。 9. difference 句意:我意识到,如果我能成功,结果可能 会产生重大影响。 make a big difference为固定短语,意为 “产生重大影响”。 10. lives 句意:例如,环境可以得到改善,许多性命可以 得到拯救。 life意为“性命”,并且many修饰可数名词复 数,故填lives。 写 作 [连词成句] 1. We should do our best to protect the environment. 2. We should take action to make a difference and help save the earth! 3. To protect the earth, we can start by 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 13 saving water and reducing polution. 4. We can also protect animals and recycle things. 5. We can also choose to ride a bike instead of driving a car to help stop polution. [千锤百炼] A 1. It􀆳s crying for our help now. 2. We should take action to make a difference and help save the earth! 3. We can also choose to ride a bike instead of driving a car to help stop polution. B 1. As middle school students, we should do our best to protect the environment. 2. We can also protect animals and recycle things as much as possible. [自主训练] One possible version: Protect the Natural World Good morning, everyone! Today I am very happy to be here to give a talk about protecting the natural world. We are al living on the earth. The natural world belongs to al of us. There are many environmental problems nowadays. For example, people cut down trees for production. Water and electricity waste is seen everywhere. Rubbish is often thrown into rivers and lakes, and many of them are poluted. Luckily, there are many things we can do to protect the natural world. In our daily life, we should colect and sort the rubbish into different groups so that it can be reused and recycled better. Besides, we should learn to save energy, such as not leaving taps running and taking our own bags when shopping. Let􀆳s take action. Let􀆳s save our world together! That􀆳s al. Thanks for your listening. 专项训练(二) 语法(宾语从句和状语从句) 一、 1. that 2. because 3. When 4. so 5. that 6. until 7. after 8. since 二、 A 1. what 句意:你能猜测它是什么吗? 根据句意 可知,这里是用what引导的宾语从句。 2. how 句意:但是你知道它是怎么被发明的吗? 根据句 意可知,这里是用how引导的宾语从句。 3. before 句意:根据一些研究,在牙刷出现之前,古代中 国人是用一些小树枝来清洁自己的牙齿。根据句意可知, 这里是用before引导的时间状语从句。 4. cleaned 分析句子结构可知,本空需填谓语动词;从上 下文信息可知,本文谈论的是牙刷的由来。由此推知句 意:根据一些研究,在牙刷出现之前,古代中国人是用一些 小树枝来清洁自己的牙齿。由此考虑备选项中clean;再 从上下文时态可知,这里用一般过去时表达过去的动作。 5. As 句意:随着时间的推移,牙刷的样式有了改变。这 里用As引导时间状语从句,表示“随着”。 6. because 句意:例如,人们选择马尾巴毛代替猪毛因为 猪毛太硬了。空格前后构成“前果后因”的关系,应从备选 项中选择because来引导原因状语从句。 7. that 本句是由that引导的宾语从句作Imagine的 宾语。 8. popular 从本段第一句可知,大约在15世纪,中国的 牙刷进入欧洲。这肯定受到欧洲当地人的欢迎,否则牙刷 也不会在欧洲传播。根据以上分析并分析本句结构可知, 这里填形容词popular作表语。 9. invention 从空前的The可知,这里需填名词。句意:牙 刷的发明虽不及造纸术的发明出名,但它却在日常生活中 非常有用。由此考虑用备选项中invent的名词形式 invention。 10. habit 从空前的a可知,本空需要填可数名词单数。 句意:今天我们都有一个刷牙的好习惯。由此考虑选备选 项中的habit。 B 1. When 2. because 3. so 4. bookshop 5. picked 6. whether 7. Luckily 8. while 9. if 10. that 三、 1. When 句意:当她还是个孩子时,她梦想成为一名 舞者。根据句意可知,此处是以 When引导的时间状语 从句。 2. dreamed 本句中从句是When引导的时间状语从句, 主从句时态应保持一致,从句时态为一般过去时,则主句 也为一般过去时。 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈