Unit 1 Teenage Life（人与自我：个人及学校生活)-【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高一英语单元阅读提升（人教版2019）

必修第一册Unit 1 Teenage Life（人教版2019） 人与自我：个人及学校生活 单元引言解读 Good habits formed at youth make all the difference. —Aristotle 释义：青少年时养成的好习惯能让人受益终身。此名言强调了养成好习惯的重要性。如果学生在青少年时期养成良好的生活习惯和学习习惯，将使他们受益一生。 启示：本单元的引言出自亚里士多德(公元前384－前322年)。亚里士多德通过简单却真切的经验告诉我们：卓越的习惯造就卓越的人生。好习惯可以养成，坏习惯可以打破，只是绝非一蹴而就，而是需要长期养成。身处习惯养成的关键期的学生们需要提前为自己装备上良好的方法，达成学习方法、积极社交和身心健康的三方共赢。 名言名句积累 人与自我 1．Keep trying no matter how hard it seems. It will get easier. 坚持不懈，难也变易。 2．Education received at an early age will become part of his nature. 少成若天性，习惯如自然。 3．Habit forms character, and character decides fortune. 习惯形成性格，性格决定命运。 4．Teenagers should cherish their youth, be positive, fly their hopes and dreams, and firmly believe that the future is in their hands. 青少年应珍惜青春，积极向上，放飞希望和梦想，并坚信未来掌握在自己手中。 5．If you work really hard and you're kind, amazing things will happen to you. The harder you work, the luckier you are. 你若既勤奋又善良，那好事将会发生在你身上。越努力，越幸运。 时文拓展阅读 No matter what your goals are in life, there is one great law that you need to obey in order to be successful: No one else is going to climb the ladder of success for you. No one else is responsible for your health, wealth, happiness, or success. From the day you leave your parents’ house and start to make your own choices, you are responsible for your life and the choices you make. You choose the job you work in, the person you live with, and how much you exercise every day. Only you can choose how you spend your time, and the decisions you make on a consistent basis will make or break your life. If you want a better life, you need to make better decisions. You can blame other people for your lack of results or happiness all life long, but it doesn’t change anything. Only you can change your life by changing the choices you make. Take responsibility for everything in your life, even if you can’t directly influence it. Even if it’s not in your direct control, you can always choose how you respond. According to motivational speaker Brian Tracy, the biggest enemy to success is the path of least resistance. If you choose what is fun and easy over what is necessary, you will never reach the levels of success and happiness you are capable of achieving in your life. That’s because every great victory requires great sacrifice. If success was easy, everybody would be successful. But because success in any area of your life requires hard work and sacrifices, most people will never reach their full potential. Whenever you decide not to do what you should be doing, you not only waste your opportunity to grow as a person, but you also lose confidence in yourself. You start to see yourself as lazy and unsuccessful, and that self-image will become a successful prophecy. To achieve any goal you have, there are only three things you need: A clear vision for what it is that you want, a plan to get there, and massive action consistently repeated over time! While the first two parts are the easy parts of the equation, most people struggle with the last part: Hard work. There is nothing that you can’t achieve with hard work, so it is necessary that you build the habit of choosing what is hard and necessary over what is fun and easy to do. Doing this is probably the surest way to succeed in life. 【译文欣赏】 如何培养自己的自律能力？ 无论你的人生目标是什么，为了成功，你都必须遵守一条伟大的法则：没有人会替你爬上成功的阶梯。没有人对你的健康、财富、幸福或成功负责。从你离开父母家开始做出自己选择的那一天起，你就要对自己的生活和选择负责。 你可以选择你的工作，和你一起生活的人，以及你每天锻炼的时间。只有你才能选择如何利用自己的时间，你持续做出的选择将决定你的生活。 如果你想要更好的生活，你需要做出更好的决定。你可以因为自己一无所成或不够幸福而责怪别人，但这不会改变任何事。你只能通过改变自己的选择来改变你的生活。对生活中的每件事负责，即使你不能直接影响它。即使它不在你的直接控制之下，你也可以选择如何回应。 励志演讲家布赖恩·特蕾西说，通往成功的最大敌人是阻力最小的道路。如果你选择做有趣和容易的事，而不是必要的事，你将永远无法达到你在生活中能够达到的成功和幸福的水平。那是因为每一次伟大的胜利都需要巨大的牺牲。 如果成功很容易，每个人都会成功。但是，因为在生活的任何领域取得成功都需要努力付出和牺牲，所以大多数人永远无法充分发挥出他们的潜力。 每当你决定逃避你应该做的事情时，你不仅浪费了一个成长的机会，而且也失去了对自己的信心。你开始认为自己懒惰、失败，然后你就会真的自暴自弃。 要实现任何目标，你只需要做三件事：清楚你想要的是什么，一个实现目标的计划，以及随着时间的推移不断重复的大量行动！前两部分很简单，大多数人都难以做到最后一部分：努力。 没有什么是你通过努力无法实现的，因此你有必要养成习惯，选择困难和必须做的事情，而不是选择有趣和容易做的事情。这可能是通向成功最可靠的路。 【词汇积累】 ladder [ˈlædə(r)] n. 梯子 sacrifice [ˈsækrɪfaɪs] n./vt.牺牲 consistent [kənˈsɪstənt] adj.一致的；持续的 prophecy [ˈprɒfəsi] n. 预言 motivational [ˌməʊtɪˈveɪʃən(ə)l] adj.动机的 massive [ˈmæsɪv] adj. 大量的 resistance [rɪˈzɪstəns] n.反对；阻力；抵抗 consistently [kənˈsɪstəntli] adv.一贯地 【知识拓展】 无论你的人生目标是什么，要想成功，你必须遵守一条伟大的法则：没有人会替你爬上成功的阶梯。没有人会对你的健康、财富、幸福或成功负责。从你离开父母家开始做出自己的选择的那一天起，你就要对自己的生活和选择负责。 【词汇延伸】 live with 与一起生活 ; 与…同处；与同居 ; 学会去适应 make or break 成败攸关 ; 要么得冠军，要么名落孙山 综合实战演练 （一） (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B篇)When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 　1．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A．He was fond of traveling. B．He enjoyed being alone. C．He had an inquiring mind. D．He longed to be a doctor. 2．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A．To feed the animals. B．To build an ecosystem. C．To protect the plants. D．To test the eco-machine. 3．What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A．To review John's research plans. B．To show an application of John's idea. C．To compare John's different jobs. D．To erase doubts about John's invention. 4．What is the basis for John's work? A．Nature can repair itself. B．Organisms need water to survive. C．Life on Earth is diverse. D．Most tiny creatures live in groups. ( 命题特点 推理判断题是阅读理解中难度较大的题型。它不仅要求考生理解文章的字面意思，还要 对文章的表面信息进行挖掘 ，将作者在文中没有直接说出的意思通过对细节上的暗示和语篇逻辑关系的分析，做出一定判断和推理，从而得出文章的 深层意义和隐含意义 。 推理判断题在高考中占比很重，经常达到 4-8 题甚至以上，包括 隐含意义推断题 、 观点态度推断题 、 文章出处或写作对象、目的意图推断题 和 下文预测推断题 。 命题规律 1.文中长复合句、特殊句型处常考2.语言转折和强对比处常考3.对文章中心思想处常考 推理判断题解题思维 1. 理解文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，打好推理判断的基础。 2.  对文字的表面信息由浅入深地进行挖掘，通过分析、综合、判定等，进行合乎逻辑的推断。不能断章取义，以偏概全，局限于肤浅的表面意思。 3.  忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据进行合理推断。不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点 ; 4.  把握句间、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构和体裁。体会文章的基调，揣摸作者的态度，感悟文章的逻辑发展，揣摩作者的弦外之音。 注意： 推理判断题要在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，把握文章的真正内涵。推理时我们务必要 忠于原文 ，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，准确理解文中的已知部分，再结合语境和常识推论出未知部分和作者的言外之意。 推理判断题干扰项特征 1.  主观臆断 ：根据现实生活常识推断。虽然符合考生的常识，但文中并没有支撑的依据。 2.  过度推断 ：作者并未做出评论，只是客观的陈述事实，考生进行了过度的解读和推断。 3.  以细节代替推断 ：将文章中出现的文中无关紧要或片面推出的结论，如某一处细节当作合理推断，实则是原文信息的简单重复，并不是推断出来的结论。 4.  无中生有 ：在解题时将自己的观点或社会的一种普遍性倾向而文中并无关系的观点当成作者的观点。实际上真正的答案在文章中并不能直接找到，会进行词汇的替换。             ) ( 1．When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. 抓标志： 从属连词 ；连接词 判类型： 时间状语从句＋主句(含有分词短语作状语和宾语从句) 试翻译： 2．When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. 抓标志： 从属连词 ； ；省略的关系代词 判类型： 时间状语从句＋主句(含有一个宾语从句和一个定语从句) 试翻译： ) ( ① clean up　　　　　 ② a series of ③ get used to ④ take ...as ... ⑤ take on ⑥ kind of ) 全文翻译 当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索他家周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪在流经植物和微小生物栖息的岩石后，常常变得清澈。当他长大后，约翰开始想知道这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的污垢。 在大学里学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又开始观察自然并提出问题。为什么某些植物可以抑制有害细菌?哪种鱼可以吃掉致癌化学物质？他认为，通过动物和植物的正确组合，也许他可以像大自然一样清理废物。他决定建造一台他后来称之为生态机器的东西。 约翰给自己设定的任务是清除一些污泥中的有害物质。首先，他建造了一系列相互连接的透明玻璃纤维水箱。然后他去了当地的池塘和小溪，带回了一些植物和动物。他把它们放在水箱里，等待着。渐渐地，这些不同种类的生命适应了彼此，并形成了它们自己的生态系统。几周后，约翰加入了污泥。 他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的植物和动物以污泥为食，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，剩下的只有干净的水。 这些年来，约翰承担了许多重要的工作。他开发了一种类似温室的设施，来处理来自南伯灵顿的1600户人家的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来净化中国东南部城市福州的运河的水。 生态设计”是约翰给自己的工作取的名字。“对发明家来说，地球上的生命就像是一盒备用零件，”他说。“你把有机体放在新的关系中，观察发生了什么。然后你让这些新系统发展出自己自我修复的方式。” （二） （23-24高一上·陕西安康·期末）You may be attracted by pictures of animals in the wild. You might have imagined yourself taking pictures of animals that are seldom seen in the city. If you do get that chance, you may want to consider the following tips or rules. First of all, a lot of professional photographers give respect (尊重) to these animals and the environment they are in. Just remember that you should respect the animals and the environment in case these animals bite or attack you. Keep in mind that you are taking pictures of real, live, wild animals. A wild animal may bite to protect itself. You must be aware while taking their pictures and be gentle in all your movements. Do not feed the animals, or interact (互动) with animals that are sleeping or caring for their young. Change the flash of your camera to natural light, so the animals will not be frightened or surprised when you start shooting. Animals do not react well when they are surprised. Be very patient. Make sure you are aware of the changes in behavior of the animal and its emotions. Be familiar with the animals’ natural habitat. Now if those rules are clear, it is time for planning. Consider the weather; some animals do not go out when it is raining while some animals love the rain. Therefore, a little research on the weather will not hurt. You should consider taking pictures after sunrise and before sunset. Now if the animal is active at night, then you should prepare to fight against not only the wild but also the darkness. An adventure in the wild will make you very excited. However, you should be well prepared, have experts to back you up, and also a permit (许可证) for doing the photo shoot. If you do not have any of these, then maybe you should consider visiting the zoo instead. 5．What should you do to show respect to the wildlife? A．Tuning off the flash. B．Caring for their babies. C．Feeding them whenever you want. D．Taking pictures when they are sleeping. 6．What should you consider before taking pictures with the wildlife? A．Food and water. B．Weather and time. C．Emotions and safety. D．Place and transportation. 7．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Most animals love being taken photos of. B．We have to go to the zoo to take photos. C．Only experts have a permit to take photos. D．There is danger while taking photos with wild animals. 8．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To advertise a zoo. B．To do some research. C．To give some advice. D．To introduce some wildlife. （三） （23-24高一上·全国·课后作业）My teenage son Karl became withdrawn (内向的) after his father died. As a single parent, I tried to do my best to talk to him. But the more I tried, the more he pulled away. When his report card arrived during his junior year, it said that he had been absent 95 times from classes and had six falling grades for the year. At this rate he would never graduate. I sent him to the school adviser, and I even begged him. Nothing worked. One night I felt so powerless that I got down on my knees and begged for help. “Please God, I can’t do anything more for my son. I’m at the end of my rope. I’m giving the whole thing up to you.” I was at work when I got a phone call. A man introduced himself as the headmaster. “I want to talk to you about Karl’s absences.” Before he could say another word, I cried and all my disappointment and sadness over Karl came pouring out into the ears of this stranger. “I love my son but I just don’t know what to do. I’ve tried everything to get Karl to go back to school but nothing has worked. It’s out of my hands.” For a moment there was silence on the other end of the line. The headmaster seriously said, “Thank you for your time,” and hung up. Karl’s next report card showed a marked improvement in his grades. Finally, he even made the honor roll. In his fourth year, I attended a parent-teacher meeting with Karl. I noticed that his teachers were astonished at the way he had turned himself around. On our way home, he said, “Mum, remember that call from the headmaster last year?” I nodded. “That was me. I thought I’d play a joke but when I heard what you said, it really hit me how much I was hurting you. That’s when I knew I had to make you proud.” 9．What did the author do to help Karl at the beginning? A．She went to begging in the street. B．She knelt down to ask God for help. C．She asked Karl’s best friend to talk to Karl. D．She went to see the school adviser in person. 10．What does the underlined sentence “he even made the honor roll” mean? A．He was even on the list to be punished. B．He was even on the list of students who were lazy. C．He was even on the list of the best students at school. D．He was even on the list of students who were always late for school. 11．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Mother’s love plays an important role in teenagers’ life. B．Being understood by parents is very important to teenagers. C．Children in single-parent families often have mental problems. D．School education doesn’t work without full support from parents. (四) （22-23高一下·浙江·阶段练习）Due to social events in recent years, the relationship between social media and teenagers mental health has been under heated discussion. On Sept 30 a British court decided that content on social media platforms contributed to the depression of 14-year-old Molly Russell. Russell interacted with 2,100 posts related lo pessimistic, self-harm in the six months, leading up to her depression, reported the Observer website. The correlation has also been proved by science. A study in 2019 showed that the frequent use of social media by teenagers can lead to a decrease in their mental health. So, how can we make sure that teenagers won’t get hurt while using social media? Chan, 18, from the University of Macao shared her experience. Chan said that she once came across short videos romanticizing mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety. She immediately reported them to the platform. But she said that the users’ power to regulate videos is still limited. “It is ultimately the responsibility of the social media platforms to filter out content that is potentially harmful.” She also noticed that the age of social media users has become increasingly younger. Society should pay attention to this, she said. “Since it’s not possible to cut off access to social media for younger users, why not introduce a ‘supervision mode’ with which parents can regulate the content to be viewed by teenagers beforehand?” she said. Wu Chengyu, 18, studies at Tianjin Experimental High School. He said that several years ago he came across a game that lures teenagers to self-abuse and depression. He quickly chose to ignore it so he wouldn’t be influenced. This is the same way he reacts when exposed to negative content on social media. In Wu’s opinion, teenagers today should improve their social media literacy (素养), telling real from fake and good from bad. “Also, everyone can be a content creator on social media.” he said, “We should all strengthen our awareness of ethics”. 12．What led to Russell’s depression according to a British court? A．Her interaction with others online. B．Negative information on social media platforms. C．Short videos she watched on the Internet. D．Her addiction to online posts. 13．Which of the following statements does Chan probably agree with? A．The number of younger Social media users should be limited. B．Parents should monitor the content to be viewed by teenagers in advance. C．A supervision mode ought to be introduced by parents. D．It is the responsibility of the society to romanticize mental illnesses. 14．Who should be ultimately responsible for removing negative content according to Chan? A．Parents. B．Social media platforms C．Content creators. D．Social media platforms. 15．What does Wu suggest teenagers should do? A．Use social media wisely. B．Reduce social media usage. C．Stay away from online games. D．Learn more about social media. (五) （23-24高一上·安徽安庆·期中）My daughter recently expressed interest in riding more. We live in a small city, and bicycles are a popular transportation choice here. I was excited at her choice. She would soon learn how easy it is to get around in this way, and how fast she can ride on two wheels. Bike tours are often quicker than bus or cab or car trips are. Much to my surprise, none of this mattered to her. On one of our first trips together, I was fixing on the route ahead- turns, arrival time- when she said, “Hey Dad, wanna know a riddle?” And then, before I explained how unsuitable this was, how we shouldn’t be telling jokes while riding, and how we should be focused on the road, on reaching our destination as soon as we could, she started, “What lasts forever but never dies?” This is how it’s been. She has shared stories from the past, hopes for the future. I have been challenged to ride backward and to stretch legs out on both sides. None of these have been dangerous, mind you. My daughter does not ride without proper care. She pulls even with me, for instance only on wide, empty streets. When the car appears, she quietly slips behind me and holds both eyes to the road. As soon as conditions of basic safety are met, though... “Dad, slow down! Isn’t this a lovely neighborhood?” my daughter asks. It is a lovely neighborhood. I’m surprised, I’ve come this way countless times, but never have I noticed any of this. Farther down the road, the laughter of children comes out from a game of ball. I make a promise. From now on, I’m going to move more slowly on these rides. I’m going to notice the neighborhoods we move through. I’m going to enjoy this. 16．The writer had thought that riding would help her daughter ________. A．go somewhere conveniently B．have more bike excursions alone C．do some tricks on the bike D．learn the importance of time in traveling 17．According to the text, the writer’s daughter ________. A．ignored the traffic while riding B．had a good sense of safety C．kept talking without looking ahead D．enjoyed challenging any danger on the road 18．While looking at the neighborhood, the writer realized ________. A．how easily his daughter was distracted B．what a good neighborhood looked like C．what he missed in the course of riding D．why a neighborhood needed a garden 19．What promise did the writer make? A．To be conscious of time in riding. B．To take his daughter to ride more often. C．To focus his attention on the destination. D．To ride slowly to enjoy the beauty along the road. (六) （23-24高一下·河南新乡·期末）Life will always present challenges, but how you respond to them will lead your life’s tracks. To stay focused when you’re having a hard time, here are some things to keep in mind. Reset your goals. Do you feel inspired by your life plan, or is it time for a new one? Are your goals realistic? 20 Taking a moment to pause and reflect will help ensure that your goals are attainable and will help grow your motivation. 21 Don’t be afraid to break your long-term goals into small steps to keep checking off along the way, and adjust the steps as you need. Having one goal is much harder to focus on than a few big goals or many small ones. Remember what motivates you in the first place. Why do you start? It doesn’t matter which motivation drives you. As long as it keeps you going, then it’s practical. Your motivation may look different compared to your friend’s, but that’s OK. 22 Take motivation from others. Talk to your friends or read a book to find inspiration. Be open-minded and learn how others find motivation. 23 Motivation comes from various sources, and listening to others might expand your view on how to gain it. Take a break. It’s perfectly fine to step away from whatever task you’re working on and take a short break. You can’t expect yourself to keep your motivation for eight hours straight. 24 This allows us to reset our minds, and be more efficient when we need to get back on track. A．Start small. B．Reward yourself for your efforts. C．If not, then take the time to set them again. D．As a result, having a rest is a good habit to practice. E．Stick with whatever motivates you, and don’t forget it. F．The methods they use might cause some motivation for you. G．Sometimes, you don’t want to do things because of your mood. (七) （23-24高一下·福建三明·期末）Nowadays, many people tend to use comparisons as a force to beat themselves up.   25 They are targets of whole billion-dollar industries whose success is dependent upon women being unhappy with themselves in some way, such as the beauty industry and the fashion industry. In fact, negative comparisons are impacting mental and physical health. Here are some expert tips to stop them and refocus your energy on positive things. Find your model 26 However, you can choose who you're comparing yourself to. Cultivate a tight group of friends and family, people who you admire and trust and who you know want you to be the best version of yourself. Go offline “Go touch grass” is a popular internet saying for “It's time for a digital removal.” But the joking comment makes a good point. The outside world is a physical reminder that there are so many things more important than our waistlines, clothing or bank account. 27 Take exercise regularly and keep a healthy diet. It turns out that all those things that are good for your heart are also good for your head. Plus, taking care of your body is a loving act of kindness and will help you appreciate your body more. Learn self-compassion (自我关怀) Self-compassion isn’t something that just happens. 28 It is decided by how we choose to talk to ourselves. Self-compassion is the act of relating to yourself in an understanding and caring way. In the same way you would treat your closest friend if they were struggling similarly. Meanwhile, please remember not all comparisons are a bad idea. 29 For example, positive, healthy comparison can be a useful way to find inspiration and set goals. Comparing past versions of yourself to your current state may also shed light on the ways in which you've grown or remind you of meaningful things you may have lost sight of. A．Improve your healthy habits. B．This is especially true for women. C．It's built up and torn down every day. D．They are not good for your improvement. E．Remember that comparison is human nature. F．Healthy competition is a great force to improve. G．Perhaps some comparisons can damage your health. (八) （23-24高一下·江西上饶·期末）Family Camping Guide: Ensuring Safety And Fun For Everyone Are you planning a family camping trip? Whether it’s a weekend getaway or a longer adventure, spending time outdoors can be a wonderful bonding experience for families. However, as exciting as camping can be, safety must come first. 30 . Check the Weather Forecast Before Heading Out 31 . Because Mother Nature can be unpredictable. This step ensures you pack the appropriate clothing and ready for unexpected weather changes. In case the weather turns chilly or rainy, bring light jackets and umbrellas to stay comfortable. On sunny camping days, don’t forget to pack sunglasses, hats, and sunscreen for sun protection. 32 . While exploring the great outdoors, being aware of dangerous plants and animals is very important. Inform your kids that poisonous plants, such as poison ivy, oak, or sumac, might cause skin irritations and rashes. Teach them how to identify these plants and the importance of avoiding contact with them. In addition, it’s best to discuss with your family the potential encounters with wildlife and how to handle them safely. Remind them not to approach or feed bears, raccoons, or squirrels. 33 , they can be dangerous if provoked (挑衅，激怒). Pack a First Aid Kit Accidents could happen on camping grounds, so preparing a well-stocked first aid kit is essential. The basics should include adhesive bandages, antiseptic wipes, gauze pads, adhesive tape, and tweezers. 34 , it’s time to hit the road. Happy camping! A．While these animals seem cute B．Packing a first aid kit with basic supplies C．Be Cautious of Dangerous Plants and Animals D．Bringing light jackets and umbrellas for chilly or rainy weather E．Checking the weather before heading for your family camping trip is essential F．Now that you have these essential tips for a safe and enjoyable family camping trip G．This guide has practical tips for keeping everyone safe and having fun on a family camping trip 思维素养提升 Task 1 本单元的写作任务是写一封建议信。建议信属于应用文，是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告。建议信可以写给个人，就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法或观点；也可以写给某个组织或者机构，就改进其服务等提出建议或忠告。请选择一篇你感兴趣的阅读语篇，尝试用思维导图绘制出文章脉络吧！ Task 2 （23-24高一下·广东深圳·期末）假定你是李华，最近因为一些事与父母意见不合，心情一直很郁闷。请给你的新西兰好友Chris写一封求助信，内容包括： 1．写信目的； 2．简述事情经过； 3．希望获得建议。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Chris, How are you doing? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【范文赏读】Dear Chris, How are you doing? With something making me upset these days, I’m writing to ask you for some suggestions. As a senior high school student, I have much homework to do every day. However, without my agreement, my parents signed up for the piano and dance classes for me last week, which resulted in an argument between us. I haven’t talked to them for several days. What should I do? I’d appreciate it if you could give me some advice. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给自己的新西兰好友Chris写一封求助信，告诉他自己与父母因意见不合发生冲突的经过并希望获得他的建议。 【详解】1.词汇激活 不高兴的：upset→dissatisfied 导致；造成：result in→lead to 然而：however→nevertheless 提供：give→offer 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：What should I do? 拓展句：Please tell me what I should do? 【点睛】【高分句型1】However, without my agreement, my parents signed up for the piano and dance classes for me last week, which resulted in an argument between us. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】I’d appreciate it if you could give me some advice.(运用了if引导条件状语从句) ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修第一册Unit 1 Teenage Life（人教版2019） 人与自我：个人及学校生活 单元引言解读 Good habits formed at youth make all the difference. —Aristotle 释义：青少年时养成的好习惯能让人受益终身。此名言强调了养成好习惯的重要性。如果学生在青少年时期养成良好的生活习惯和学习习惯，将使他们受益一生。 启示：本单元的引言出自亚里士多德(公元前384－前322年)。亚里士多德通过简单却真切的经验告诉我们：卓越的习惯造就卓越的人生。好习惯可以养成，坏习惯可以打破，只是绝非一蹴而就，而是需要长期养成。身处习惯养成的关键期的学生们需要提前为自己装备上良好的方法，达成学习方法、积极社交和身心健康的三方共赢。 名言名句积累 人与自我 1．Keep trying no matter how hard it seems. It will get easier. 坚持不懈，难也变易。 2．Education received at an early age will become part of his nature. 少成若天性，习惯如自然。 3．Habit forms character, and character decides fortune. 习惯形成性格，性格决定命运。 4．Teenagers should cherish their youth, be positive, fly their hopes and dreams, and firmly believe that the future is in their hands. 青少年应珍惜青春，积极向上，放飞希望和梦想，并坚信未来掌握在自己手中。 5．If you work really hard and you're kind, amazing things will happen to you. The harder you work, the luckier you are. 你若既勤奋又善良，那好事将会发生在你身上。越努力，越幸运。 时文拓展阅读 No matter what your goals are in life, there is one great law that you need to obey in order to be successful: No one else is going to climb the ladder of success for you. No one else is responsible for your health, wealth, happiness, or success. From the day you leave your parents’ house and start to make your own choices, you are responsible for your life and the choices you make. You choose the job you work in, the person you live with, and how much you exercise every day. Only you can choose how you spend your time, and the decisions you make on a consistent basis will make or break your life. If you want a better life, you need to make better decisions. You can blame other people for your lack of results or happiness all life long, but it doesn’t change anything. Only you can change your life by changing the choices you make. Take responsibility for everything in your life, even if you can’t directly influence it. Even if it’s not in your direct control, you can always choose how you respond. According to motivational speaker Brian Tracy, the biggest enemy to success is the path of least resistance. If you choose what is fun and easy over what is necessary, you will never reach the levels of success and happiness you are capable of achieving in your life. That’s because every great victory requires great sacrifice. If success was easy, everybody would be successful. But because success in any area of your life requires hard work and sacrifices, most people will never reach their full potential. Whenever you decide not to do what you should be doing, you not only waste your opportunity to grow as a person, but you also lose confidence in yourself. You start to see yourself as lazy and unsuccessful, and that self-image will become a successful prophecy. To achieve any goal you have, there are only three things you need: A clear vision for what it is that you want, a plan to get there, and massive action consistently repeated over time! While the first two parts are the easy parts of the equation, most people struggle with the last part: Hard work. There is nothing that you can’t achieve with hard work, so it is necessary that you build the habit of choosing what is hard and necessary over what is fun and easy to do. Doing this is probably the surest way to succeed in life. 【译文欣赏】 如何培养自己的自律能力？ 无论你的人生目标是什么，为了成功，你都必须遵守一条伟大的法则：没有人会替你爬上成功的阶梯。没有人对你的健康、财富、幸福或成功负责。从你离开父母家开始做出自己选择的那一天起，你就要对自己的生活和选择负责。 你可以选择你的工作，和你一起生活的人，以及你每天锻炼的时间。只有你才能选择如何利用自己的时间，你持续做出的选择将决定你的生活。 如果你想要更好的生活，你需要做出更好的决定。你可以因为自己一无所成或不够幸福而责怪别人，但这不会改变任何事。你只能通过改变自己的选择来改变你的生活。对生活中的每件事负责，即使你不能直接影响它。即使它不在你的直接控制之下，你也可以选择如何回应。 励志演讲家布赖恩·特蕾西说，通往成功的最大敌人是阻力最小的道路。如果你选择做有趣和容易的事，而不是必要的事，你将永远无法达到你在生活中能够达到的成功和幸福的水平。那是因为每一次伟大的胜利都需要巨大的牺牲。 如果成功很容易，每个人都会成功。但是，因为在生活的任何领域取得成功都需要努力付出和牺牲，所以大多数人永远无法充分发挥出他们的潜力。 每当你决定逃避你应该做的事情时，你不仅浪费了一个成长的机会，而且也失去了对自己的信心。你开始认为自己懒惰、失败，然后你就会真的自暴自弃。 要实现任何目标，你只需要做三件事：清楚你想要的是什么，一个实现目标的计划，以及随着时间的推移不断重复的大量行动！前两部分很简单，大多数人都难以做到最后一部分：努力。 没有什么是你通过努力无法实现的，因此你有必要养成习惯，选择困难和必须做的事情，而不是选择有趣和容易做的事情。这可能是通向成功最可靠的路。 【词汇积累】 ladder [ˈlædə(r)] n. 梯子 sacrifice [ˈsækrɪfaɪs] n./vt.牺牲 consistent [kənˈsɪstənt] adj.一致的；持续的 prophecy [ˈprɒfəsi] n. 预言 motivational [ˌməʊtɪˈveɪʃən(ə)l] adj.动机的 massive [ˈmæsɪv] adj. 大量的 resistance [rɪˈzɪstəns] n.反对；阻力；抵抗 consistently [kənˈsɪstəntli] adv.一贯地 【知识拓展】 无论你的人生目标是什么，要想成功，你必须遵守一条伟大的法则：没有人会替你爬上成功的阶梯。没有人会对你的健康、财富、幸福或成功负责。从你离开父母家开始做出自己的选择的那一天起，你就要对自己的生活和选择负责。 【词汇延伸】 live with 与一起生活 ; 与…同处；与同居 ; 学会去适应 make or break 成败攸关 ; 要么得冠军，要么名落孙山 综合实战演练 （一） (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B篇)When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 　【答案速查】1．C 2．D 3． B 4．A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了John Todd通过观察大自然的自我修复能力，借鉴自然界生态系统来清理污染物的故事。 1．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A．He was fond of traveling. B．He enjoyed being alone. C．He had an inquiring mind. D．He longed to be a doctor. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“observing how nature solved problems” “When he got older ... the messes people were making.”和第二段中的“John went back to observing nature and asking questions”以及第二段中的两个问题可以看出，John拥有研究事物的好奇心，善于思考，故C项正确。 2．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A．To feed the animals. B．To build an ecosystem. C．To protect the plants. D．To test the eco-machine. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The task John ... placed them in the tanks”及第四段中的“all that was left was pure water”可以推断，John在水箱里放入污泥是为了检验他的生态机器的处理效果，故D项正确。 3．What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A．To review John's research plans. B．To show an application of John's idea. C．To compare John's different jobs. D．To erase doubts about John's invention. 解析：选B　推理判断题。上文讲到了John的发明成功了。根据第五段的中心句“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs.”可知，多年来，John做了很多重大的工作。下文提到净化福州的运河水是为了举例说明John的发明及其理念在实践中的应用，故B项正确。 4．What is the basis for John's work? A．Nature can repair itself. B．Organisms need water to survive. C．Life on Earth is diverse. D．Most tiny creatures live in groups. 解析：选A　推理判断题。本文主要围绕John的疑问“A dirty stream, for example ... people were making.”展开，正是在这个疑问的指引下，John发明了“生态设计”，因此，John发明的根源就在于自然的自我修复能力，故A项正确。 ( 命题特点 推理判断题是阅读理解中难度较大的题型。它不仅要求考生理解文章的字面意思，还要 对文章的表面信息进行挖掘 ，将作者在文中没有直接说出的意思通过对细节上的暗示和语篇逻辑关系的分析，做出一定判断和推理，从而得出文章的 深层意义和隐含意义 。 推理判断题在高考中占比很重，经常达到 4-8 题甚至以上，包括 隐含意义推断题 、 观点态度推断题 、 文章出处或写作对象、目的意图推断题 和 下文预测推断题 。 命题规律 1.文中长复合句、特殊句型处常考2.语言转折和强对比处常考3.对文章中心思想处常考 推理判断题解题思维 1. 理解文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，打好推理判断的基础。 2.  对文字的表面信息由浅入深地进行挖掘，通过分析、综合、判定等，进行合乎逻辑的推断。不能断章取义，以偏概全，局限于肤浅的表面意思。 3.  忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据进行合理推断。不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点 ; 4.  把握句间、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构和体裁。体会文章的基调，揣摸作者的态度，感悟文章的逻辑发展，揣摩作者的弦外之音。 注意： 推理判断题要在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，把握文章的真正内涵。推理时我们务必要 忠于原文 ，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，准确理解文中的已知部分，再结合语境和常识推论出未知部分和作者的言外之意。 推理判断题干扰项特征 1.  主观臆断 ：根据现实生活常识推断。虽然符合考生的常识，但文中并没有支撑的依据。 2.  过度推断 ：作者并未做出评论，只是客观的陈述事实，考生进行了过度的解读和推断。 3.  以细节代替推断 ：将文章中出现的文中无关紧要或片面推出的结论，如某一处细节当作合理推断，实则是原文信息的简单重复，并不是推断出来的结论。 4.  无中生有 ：在解题时将自己的观点或社会的一种普遍性倾向而文中并无关系的观点当成作者的观点。实际上真正的答案在文章中并不能直接找到，会进行词汇的替换。             ) ( 1．When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. 抓标志： 从属连词 when ；连接词 how 判类型： 时间状语从句＋主句(含有分词短语作状语和宾语从句) 试翻译： 当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。 2．When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. 抓标志： 从属连词 when；if ；省略的关系代词which/that 判类型： 时间状语从句＋主句(含有一个宾语从句和一个定语从句) 试翻译： 长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的垃圾。 ) ( ① clean up　　　　　 清理；打扫 ② a series of 一系列的，一连串的 ③ get used to 习惯于；适应于 ④ take ...as ... 把 …… 看作是 …… ⑤ take on 承担 ⑥ kind of 在某种程度上 ) 全文翻译 当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索他家周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪在流经植物和微小生物栖息的岩石后，常常变得清澈。当他长大后，约翰开始想知道这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的污垢。 在大学里学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又开始观察自然并提出问题。为什么某些植物可以抑制有害细菌?哪种鱼可以吃掉致癌化学物质？他认为，通过动物和植物的正确组合，也许他可以像大自然一样清理废物。他决定建造一台他后来称之为生态机器的东西。 约翰给自己设定的任务是清除一些污泥中的有害物质。首先，他建造了一系列相互连接的透明玻璃纤维水箱。然后他去了当地的池塘和小溪，带回了一些植物和动物。他把它们放在水箱里，等待着。渐渐地，这些不同种类的生命适应了彼此，并形成了它们自己的生态系统。几周后，约翰加入了污泥。 他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的植物和动物以污泥为食，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，剩下的只有干净的水。 这些年来，约翰承担了许多重要的工作。他开发了一种类似温室的设施，来处理来自南伯灵顿的1600户人家的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来净化中国东南部城市福州的运河的水。 生态设计”是约翰给自己的工作取的名字。“对发明家来说，地球上的生命就像是一盒备用零件，”他说。“你把有机体放在新的关系中，观察发生了什么。然后你让这些新系统发展出自己自我修复的方式。” （二） （23-24高一上·陕西安康·期末）You may be attracted by pictures of animals in the wild. You might have imagined yourself taking pictures of animals that are seldom seen in the city. If you do get that chance, you may want to consider the following tips or rules. First of all, a lot of professional photographers give respect (尊重) to these animals and the environment they are in. Just remember that you should respect the animals and the environment in case these animals bite or attack you. Keep in mind that you are taking pictures of real, live, wild animals. A wild animal may bite to protect itself. You must be aware while taking their pictures and be gentle in all your movements. Do not feed the animals, or interact (互动) with animals that are sleeping or caring for their young. Change the flash of your camera to natural light, so the animals will not be frightened or surprised when you start shooting. Animals do not react well when they are surprised. Be very patient. Make sure you are aware of the changes in behavior of the animal and its emotions. Be familiar with the animals’ natural habitat. Now if those rules are clear, it is time for planning. Consider the weather; some animals do not go out when it is raining while some animals love the rain. Therefore, a little research on the weather will not hurt. You should consider taking pictures after sunrise and before sunset. Now if the animal is active at night, then you should prepare to fight against not only the wild but also the darkness. An adventure in the wild will make you very excited. However, you should be well prepared, have experts to back you up, and also a permit (许可证) for doing the photo shoot. If you do not have any of these, then maybe you should consider visiting the zoo instead. 5．What should you do to show respect to the wildlife? A．Tuning off the flash. B．Caring for their babies. C．Feeding them whenever you want. D．Taking pictures when they are sleeping. 6．What should you consider before taking pictures with the wildlife? A．Food and water. B．Weather and time. C．Emotions and safety. D．Place and transportation. 7．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Most animals love being taken photos of. B．We have to go to the zoo to take photos. C．Only experts have a permit to take photos. D．There is danger while taking photos with wild animals. 8．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To advertise a zoo. B．To do some research. C．To give some advice. D．To introduce some wildlife. 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要是告诉大家在给野生动物拍照时应该注意的问题。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“First of all, a lot of professional photographers give respect ( 尊重 ) to these animals and the environment they are in. Just remember that you should respect the animals and the environment in case these animals bite or attack you.”（首先，很多专业摄影师尊重这些动物和它们所处的环境。只要记住，你应该尊重动物和环境，以防这些动物咬或攻击你。）可知，对动物拍照时要尊重这些动物和它们所处的环境。你应该尊重动物和环境，以防这些动物咬或攻击你。第三段中“You must be aware while taking their pictures and be gentle in all your movements. Do not feed the animals, or interact (互动) with animals that are sleeping or caring for their young.”（在给他们拍照的时候，你必须保持警觉，动作要轻柔。不要给动物喂食，也不要与正在睡觉或照顾幼崽的动物接触。）可知，拍照的时候，你必须保持警觉，动作要轻柔。不要给动物喂食，也不要与正在睡觉或照顾幼崽的动物接触。据此可知，选项B、C和D错误；第四段中“Change the flash of your camera to natural light, so the animals will not be frightened or surprised when you start shooting. （把相机的闪光灯调到自然光，这样当你开始拍摄时，动物就不会被吓到或惊讶了。）”可推知，给动物拍照时，关掉闪光灯，这样当你开始拍摄时，动物就不会被吓到或惊讶了。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Consider the weather; some animals do not go out when it is raining while some animals love the rain. Therefore, a little research on the weather will not hurt. You should consider taking pictures after sunrise and before sunset. Now if the animal is active at night, then you should prepare to fight against not only the wild but also the darkness.”（考虑一下天气;有些动物在下雨的时候不出去，而有些动物喜欢下雨。因此，对天气做一点研究不会有坏处。你应该考虑在日出之后和日落之前拍照。现在，如果动物在夜间活动，那么你不仅要准备好与野生动物作战，还要准备好与黑暗作战。）可知，要拍摄动物的照片，提前考虑天气和拍照时间是必要的。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“An adventure in the wild will make you very excited. However, you should be well prepared, have experts to back you up, and also a permit (许可证) for doing the photo shoot. If you do not have any of these, then maybe you should consider visiting the zoo instead.”（野外探险会让你非常兴奋。然而，你应该做好充分的准备，有专家为你做后盾，还要有拍照的许可证。如果你没有这些，那么也许你应该考虑去动物园。）可知，野外探险会让你非常兴奋。然而，你应该做好充分的准备。可推知，野外探险会有危险的，故选D。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段“You may be attracted by pictures of animals in the wild. You might have imagined yourself taking pictures of animals that are seldom seen in the city. If you do get that chance, you may want to consider the following tips or rules.”（你可能会被野生动物的照片所吸引。你可能会想象自己在拍城市里很少见到的动物。如果你有这样的机会，你可能会考虑以下建议或规则。）可知，本段作为文章的主题段落，主要是告诉大家在给野生动物拍照时应该注意的问题。因而，本文的写作目的是给大家一些建议。故选C。 （三） （23-24高一上·全国·课后作业）My teenage son Karl became withdrawn (内向的) after his father died. As a single parent, I tried to do my best to talk to him. But the more I tried, the more he pulled away. When his report card arrived during his junior year, it said that he had been absent 95 times from classes and had six falling grades for the year. At this rate he would never graduate. I sent him to the school adviser, and I even begged him. Nothing worked. One night I felt so powerless that I got down on my knees and begged for help. “Please God, I can’t do anything more for my son. I’m at the end of my rope. I’m giving the whole thing up to you.” I was at work when I got a phone call. A man introduced himself as the headmaster. “I want to talk to you about Karl’s absences.” Before he could say another word, I cried and all my disappointment and sadness over Karl came pouring out into the ears of this stranger. “I love my son but I just don’t know what to do. I’ve tried everything to get Karl to go back to school but nothing has worked. It’s out of my hands.” For a moment there was silence on the other end of the line. The headmaster seriously said, “Thank you for your time,” and hung up. Karl’s next report card showed a marked improvement in his grades. Finally, he even made the honor roll. In his fourth year, I attended a parent-teacher meeting with Karl. I noticed that his teachers were astonished at the way he had turned himself around. On our way home, he said, “Mum, remember that call from the headmaster last year?” I nodded. “That was me. I thought I’d play a joke but when I heard what you said, it really hit me how much I was hurting you. That’s when I knew I had to make you proud.” 9．What did the author do to help Karl at the beginning? A．She went to begging in the street. B．She knelt down to ask God for help. C．She asked Karl’s best friend to talk to Karl. D．She went to see the school adviser in person. 10．What does the underlined sentence “he even made the honor roll” mean? A．He was even on the list to be punished. B．He was even on the list of students who were lazy. C．He was even on the list of the best students at school. D．He was even on the list of students who were always late for school. 11．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Mother’s love plays an important role in teenagers’ life. B．Being understood by parents is very important to teenagers. C．Children in single-parent families often have mental problems. D．School education doesn’t work without full support from parents. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了卡尔失去父亲后变得内向并且不爱学习，在母亲的关爱下卡尔取得了进步的故事。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段的“One night I felt so powerless that I got down on my knees and begged for help. “Please God, I can’t do anything more for my son. I’m at the end of my rope. I’m giving the whole thing up to you.”(一天晚上，我感到无能为力，于是我跪下来请求帮助。“上帝啊，我不能再为我儿子做什么了。我已经走投无路了。我把这一切都交给你了。”)”可知，作者在一开始跪下请求上帝来帮助改变卡尔。故选B。 10．句意猜测题。根据第四段的“In his fourth year, I attended a parent-teacher meeting with Karl. I noticed that his teachers were astonished at the way he had turned himself around. On our way home, he said, “Mum, remember that call from the headmaster last year?” I nodded. “That was me. I thought I’d play a joke but when I heard what you said, it really hit me how much I was hurting you. That’s when I knew I had to make you proud.”(卡尔的下一张成绩单显示他的成绩有了明显的提高。在卡尔四年级的时候，我和他一起参加了一次家长会。我注意到他的老师们对他变好的方式感到惊讶。在回家的路上，他说:“妈妈，还记得去年校长打来的那个电话吗?”我点了点头。“那是我。我以为我只是开个玩笑，但当我听到你说的话时，我真的意识到我是多么地伤害了你。从那时起，我就知道我必须让你感到骄傲。”) ”可知，卡尔为让母亲高兴，她后来便努力学习，由本段段首句“Karl’s next report card showed a marked improvement in his grades.”可知，卡尔取得了进步，再由划线句子中的even可知，卡尔应该是取得了更大的进步，因此C项(他甚至上了荣誉榜)表明卡尔取得了进步。故选C。 11．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“My teenage son Karl became withdrawn after his father died. As a single parent, I tried to do my best to talk to him. But the more I tried, the more he pulled away. When his report card arrived during his junior year, it said that he had been absent 95 times from classes and had six falling grades for the year. At this rate he would never graduate. I sent him to the school adviser, and I even begged him. Nothing worked(我十几岁的儿子卡尔在他父亲去世后变得孤僻。作为一个单亲妈妈，我尽我最大的努力和他说话。但我越努力，他就越疏远我。当他在大三拿到成绩单时，上面写着他一年中旷课95次，成绩下降了6次。照这样下去，他永远也毕业不了。我把卡尔送到学校顾问那里，我甚至求卡尔。但毫无效果。)”和根据第四段的“In his fourth year, I attended a parent-teacher meeting with Karl. I noticed that his teachers were astonished at the way he had turned himself around. On our way home, he said, “Mum, remember that call from the headmaster last year?” I nodded. “That was me. I thought I’d play a joke but when I heard what you said, it really hit me how much I was hurting you. That’s when I knew I had to make you proud.”(卡尔的下一张成绩单显示他的成绩有了明显的提高。在卡尔四年级的时候，我和他一起参加了一次家长会。我注意到他的老师们对他变好的方式感到惊讶。在回家的路上，他说:“妈妈，还记得去年校长打来的那个电话吗?”我点了点头。“那是我。我以为我只是开个玩笑，但当我听到你说的话时，我真的意识到我是多么地伤害了你。从那时起，我就知道我必须让你感到骄傲。”) ”可知，文章主要讲述的是卡尔在母亲的关爱下取得了进步，即母爱在青少年的生活中扮演着重要的角色。故选A。 (四) （22-23高一下·浙江·阶段练习）Due to social events in recent years, the relationship between social media and teenagers mental health has been under heated discussion. On Sept 30 a British court decided that content on social media platforms contributed to the depression of 14-year-old Molly Russell. Russell interacted with 2,100 posts related lo pessimistic, self-harm in the six months, leading up to her depression, reported the Observer website. The correlation has also been proved by science. A study in 2019 showed that the frequent use of social media by teenagers can lead to a decrease in their mental health. So, how can we make sure that teenagers won’t get hurt while using social media? Chan, 18, from the University of Macao shared her experience. Chan said that she once came across short videos romanticizing mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety. She immediately reported them to the platform. But she said that the users’ power to regulate videos is still limited. “It is ultimately the responsibility of the social media platforms to filter out content that is potentially harmful.” She also noticed that the age of social media users has become increasingly younger. Society should pay attention to this, she said. “Since it’s not possible to cut off access to social media for younger users, why not introduce a ‘supervision mode’ with which parents can regulate the content to be viewed by teenagers beforehand?” she said. Wu Chengyu, 18, studies at Tianjin Experimental High School. He said that several years ago he came across a game that lures teenagers to self-abuse and depression. He quickly chose to ignore it so he wouldn’t be influenced. This is the same way he reacts when exposed to negative content on social media. In Wu’s opinion, teenagers today should improve their social media literacy (素养), telling real from fake and good from bad. “Also, everyone can be a content creator on social media.” he said, “We should all strengthen our awareness of ethics”. 12．What led to Russell’s depression according to a British court? A．Her interaction with others online. B．Negative information on social media platforms. C．Short videos she watched on the Internet. D．Her addiction to online posts. 13．Which of the following statements does Chan probably agree with? A．The number of younger Social media users should be limited. B．Parents should monitor the content to be viewed by teenagers in advance. C．A supervision mode ought to be introduced by parents. D．It is the responsibility of the society to romanticize mental illnesses. 14．Who should be ultimately responsible for removing negative content according to Chan? A．Parents. B．Social media platforms C．Content creators. D．Social media platforms. 15．What does Wu suggest teenagers should do? A．Use social media wisely. B．Reduce social media usage. C．Stay away from online games. D．Learn more about social media. 【答案】12．B 13．B 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了社交媒体与青少年心理健康之间的关系并提出一些建议防止社交媒体危害青少年心理健康。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Russell interacted with 2,100 posts related to pessimistic, self-harm in the six months, leading up to her depression, reported the Observer website. (据《观察家报》网站报道，在Russell患上抑郁症的6个月里，她浏览了2100条有关悲观、自残的帖子。)”可知，是因为社交媒体平台上的负面信息导致了她的抑郁症。故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Since it’s not possible to cut off access to social media for younger users, why not introduce a ‘supervision mode’ with which parents can regulate the content to be viewed by teenagers beforehand? (既然不可能切断年轻用户对社交媒体的访问，为什么不引入一种“监督模式”，父母可以事先监管青少年观看的内容？)”可知，她认为家长应该提前监控青少年观看的内容。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据第五段中“It is ultimately the responsibility of the social media platforms to filter out content that is potentially harmful. (过滤掉可能有害的内容，最终是社交媒体平台的责任。)”可知，她认为社交媒体平台应该最终负责删除负面内容。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In Wu’s opinion, teenagers today should improve their social media literacy(素养), telling real from fake and good from bad. (在Wu看来，今天的青少年应该提高他们的社交媒体素养，辨别真假和好坏。)”可知，Wu建议青少年应该理智使用社交媒体。故选A。 (五) （23-24高一上·安徽安庆·期中）My daughter recently expressed interest in riding more. We live in a small city, and bicycles are a popular transportation choice here. I was excited at her choice. She would soon learn how easy it is to get around in this way, and how fast she can ride on two wheels. Bike tours are often quicker than bus or cab or car trips are. Much to my surprise, none of this mattered to her. On one of our first trips together, I was fixing on the route ahead- turns, arrival time- when she said, “Hey Dad, wanna know a riddle?” And then, before I explained how unsuitable this was, how we shouldn’t be telling jokes while riding, and how we should be focused on the road, on reaching our destination as soon as we could, she started, “What lasts forever but never dies?” This is how it’s been. She has shared stories from the past, hopes for the future. I have been challenged to ride backward and to stretch legs out on both sides. None of these have been dangerous, mind you. My daughter does not ride without proper care. She pulls even with me, for instance only on wide, empty streets. When the car appears, she quietly slips behind me and holds both eyes to the road. As soon as conditions of basic safety are met, though... “Dad, slow down! Isn’t this a lovely neighborhood?” my daughter asks. It is a lovely neighborhood. I’m surprised, I’ve come this way countless times, but never have I noticed any of this. Farther down the road, the laughter of children comes out from a game of ball. I make a promise. From now on, I’m going to move more slowly on these rides. I’m going to notice the neighborhoods we move through. I’m going to enjoy this. 16．The writer had thought that riding would help her daughter ________. A．go somewhere conveniently B．have more bike excursions alone C．do some tricks on the bike D．learn the importance of time in traveling 17．According to the text, the writer’s daughter ________. A．ignored the traffic while riding B．had a good sense of safety C．kept talking without looking ahead D．enjoyed challenging any danger on the road 18．While looking at the neighborhood, the writer realized ________. A．how easily his daughter was distracted B．what a good neighborhood looked like C．what he missed in the course of riding D．why a neighborhood needed a garden 19．What promise did the writer make? A．To be conscious of time in riding. B．To take his daughter to ride more often. C．To focus his attention on the destination. D．To ride slowly to enjoy the beauty along the road. 【答案】16．A 17．B 18．C 19．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者的女儿对骑自行车很感兴趣，在和女儿一起骑车的过程中作者发现了女儿的一些品质，并且也意识到了自己曾经错过的一些美好的风景。 16．细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“She would soon learn how easy it is to get around in this way, and how fast she can ride on two wheels. Bike tours are often quicker than bus or cab or car trips are.( 她很快就会知道用这种方式四处走动有多容易，骑两轮能有多快。骑自行车旅行通常比乘公共汽车、出租车或汽车旅行更快。)”可知，作者认为骑自行车会帮助她的女儿很方便地去某个地方。故选A。 17．推理判断题。文章第五段讲到“When the car appears, she quietly slips behind me and holds both eyes to the road. (当车出现时，她悄悄溜到我身后，双眼看着路。)”可知，作者的女儿有很强的安全感。故选B。 18．细节理解题。文章倒数第二段讲到“It is a lovely neighborhood. I’m surprised, I’ve come this way countless times, but never have I noticed any of this. Farther down the road, the laughter of children comes out from a game of ball.( 这是一个可爱的社区。我很惊讶，我已经来过无数次了，但从来没有注意到这一点。在更远的路上，孩子们的笑声来自一场球赛。)”可知，在看这个街区的时候，作者意识到了他在骑行过程中错过了什么。故选C。 19．细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“From now on, I’m going to move more slowly on these rides. I’m going to notice the neighborhoods we move through. I’m going to enjoy this. (从现在开始，我要在这些游乐设施上移动得更慢。我会注意我们经过的街区。我要享受这一切。)”可知，作者许下的承诺是骑着车慢慢欣赏沿途的美景。故选D。 (六) （23-24高一下·河南新乡·期末）Life will always present challenges, but how you respond to them will lead your life’s tracks. To stay focused when you’re having a hard time, here are some things to keep in mind. Reset your goals. Do you feel inspired by your life plan, or is it time for a new one? Are your goals realistic? 20 Taking a moment to pause and reflect will help ensure that your goals are attainable and will help grow your motivation. 21 Don’t be afraid to break your long-term goals into small steps to keep checking off along the way, and adjust the steps as you need. Having one goal is much harder to focus on than a few big goals or many small ones. Remember what motivates you in the first place. Why do you start? It doesn’t matter which motivation drives you. As long as it keeps you going, then it’s practical. Your motivation may look different compared to your friend’s, but that’s OK. 22 Take motivation from others. Talk to your friends or read a book to find inspiration. Be open-minded and learn how others find motivation. 23 Motivation comes from various sources, and listening to others might expand your view on how to gain it. Take a break. It’s perfectly fine to step away from whatever task you’re working on and take a short break. You can’t expect yourself to keep your motivation for eight hours straight. 24 This allows us to reset our minds, and be more efficient when we need to get back on track. A．Start small. B．Reward yourself for your efforts. C．If not, then take the time to set them again. D．As a result, having a rest is a good habit to practice. E．Stick with whatever motivates you, and don’t forget it. F．The methods they use might cause some motivation for you. G．Sometimes, you don’t want to do things because of your mood. 【答案】20．C 21．A 22．E 23．F 24．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是应对挑战的几个建议。 20．根据本段的主题句“Reset your goals.(重新设定目标。)”可知，本段建议可以通过重设目标应对挑战，根据空前的“Do you feel inspired by your life plan, or is it time for a new one? Are your goals realistic?(你是否为你的人生计划感到鼓舞，或者是时候制定一个新的计划了?你的目标现实吗?)”可知，此处提出一列问题，考虑一下目标是否现实，C选项“If not, then take the time to set them again.(如果没有，那就花时间重新设置。)”承接空前的内容，且符合本段的主题。故选C项。 21．此处应为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句可知，此处应为祈使句；根据空后的“Don’t be afraid to break your long-term goals into small steps to keep checking off along the way, and adjust the steps as you need. Having one goal is much harder to focus on than a few big goals or many small ones.(不要害怕把你的长期目标分解成一个个小步骤，并在此过程中不断检查，并根据需要调整步骤。有一个目标比几个大目标或许多小目标更难集中精力。)”可知，本段讲述的是建议把长期目标分解成一个个小的目标，A选项“Start small.(从小目标做起。)”为祈使句，且与空后的内容一致，能够概括本段的主题。故选A项。 22．根据本段的主题句“Remember what motivates you in the first place.(记住你最初的动力是什么。)”可知，本段建议记住自己的最初动力来应对挑战，根据空前的“Your motivation may look different compared to your friend’s, but that’s OK.(你的动机可能和你朋友的不一样，但没关系。)”可知，你的动机可能与他人不同，但是没有关系，E选项“Stick with whatever motivates you, and don’t forget it.(坚持任何能激励你的事情，不要忘记它。)”建议坚持激励自己的事情，与本段的主题吻合，且与空前的内容衔接，符合语境。故选E项。 23．根据空前的“Talk to your friends or read a book to find inspiration. Be open-minded and learn how others find motivation.(和你的朋友聊天或者读一本书来寻找灵感。保持开放的心态，学习别人是如何找到动力的。)”可知，学习其他人是如何找到动力的；F选项“The methods they use might cause some motivation for you.(他们使用的方法可能会给你带来一些动力。)”中的the methods指代的为空前的“how others find motivation”，且与本段的主题句“Take motivation from others.(从别人那里获得动力。)”讲述的内容一致。故选F项。 24．根据本段的主题句“Take a break.(休息一下。)”可知，本段建议休息一下来应对挑战；根据空前的“You can’t expect yourself to keep your motivation for eight hours straight.(你不能指望自己连续八小时保持动力。)”可知，不要指望自己连续八小时保持动力，D选项“As a result, having a rest is a good habit to practice.(因此，休息是一个好习惯。)”讲述的内容与空前的内容为因果关系，符合逻辑，且与本段的主题吻合。故选D项。 (七) （23-24高一下·福建三明·期末）Nowadays, many people tend to use comparisons as a force to beat themselves up.   25 They are targets of whole billion-dollar industries whose success is dependent upon women being unhappy with themselves in some way, such as the beauty industry and the fashion industry. In fact, negative comparisons are impacting mental and physical health. Here are some expert tips to stop them and refocus your energy on positive things. Find your model 26 However, you can choose who you're comparing yourself to. Cultivate a tight group of friends and family, people who you admire and trust and who you know want you to be the best version of yourself. Go offline “Go touch grass” is a popular internet saying for “It's time for a digital removal.” But the joking comment makes a good point. The outside world is a physical reminder that there are so many things more important than our waistlines, clothing or bank account. 27 Take exercise regularly and keep a healthy diet. It turns out that all those things that are good for your heart are also good for your head. Plus, taking care of your body is a loving act of kindness and will help you appreciate your body more. Learn self-compassion (自我关怀) Self-compassion isn’t something that just happens. 28 It is decided by how we choose to talk to ourselves. Self-compassion is the act of relating to yourself in an understanding and caring way. In the same way you would treat your closest friend if they were struggling similarly. Meanwhile, please remember not all comparisons are a bad idea. 29 For example, positive, healthy comparison can be a useful way to find inspiration and set goals. Comparing past versions of yourself to your current state may also shed light on the ways in which you've grown or remind you of meaningful things you may have lost sight of. A．Improve your healthy habits. B．This is especially true for women. C．It's built up and torn down every day. D．They are not good for your improvement. E．Remember that comparison is human nature. F．Healthy competition is a great force to improve. G．Perhaps some comparisons can damage your health. 【答案】25．B 26．E 27．A 28．C 29．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文，消极的比较、攀比会影响心理和身体健康，文章介绍了一些停止消极比较的建议，以把精力重新集中在积极的事情上。 25．上文“Nowadays, many people tend to use comparisons as a force to beat themselves up.(如今，许多人倾向于用比较作为一种力量来打败自己)”提到许多人倾向于用比较作为一种力量来打败自己，结合下文“They are targets of whole billion-dollar industries whose success is dependent upon women being unhappy with themselves in some way, such as the beauty industry and the fashion industry.(她们是数十亿美元产业的目标，这些产业的成功取决于女性在某种程度上对自己不满意，比如美容业和时尚业)”提到某些特定人群，故空处应是引出这类人，表明下文“They”的指代内容，B项“这对女性来说尤其如此”符合语境，故选B。 26．根据本段小标题“Find your model(找到你的比较对象)”以及下文“However, you can choose who you're comparing yourself to.(然而，你可以选择和谁比较)”可知，本段是关于比较，E项“记住，比较是人类的天性”符合语境，与下文构成转折关系，故选E。 27．根据本段中“Take exercise regularly and keep a healthy diet.(经常锻炼，保持健康的饮食)”可知，本段主要讲述关于健康的习惯，A项“改进你的健康习惯”符合语境，故选A。 28．上文“Self-compassion isn’t something that just happens.(自我关怀不是自然而然发生的事情)”提到自我关怀不是自然而然发生的事情，空处应是接着说它是如何建立的，C项“它每天都在建立和拆除”符合语境，故选C。 29．上文“Meanwhile, please remember not all comparisons are a bad idea.(同时，请记住并不是所有的比较都是坏主意)”提到并不是所有的比较都是坏主意，下文“For example, positive, healthy comparison can be a useful way to find inspiration and set goals.(例如，积极、健康的比较是找到灵感和设定目标的有效方法)”举例说明了某些比较的好处，F项“良性竞争是推动进步的强大力量”符合语境，故选F。 (八) （23-24高一下·江西上饶·期末）Family Camping Guide: Ensuring Safety And Fun For Everyone Are you planning a family camping trip? Whether it’s a weekend getaway or a longer adventure, spending time outdoors can be a wonderful bonding experience for families. However, as exciting as camping can be, safety must come first. 30 . Check the Weather Forecast Before Heading Out 31 . Because Mother Nature can be unpredictable. This step ensures you pack the appropriate clothing and ready for unexpected weather changes. In case the weather turns chilly or rainy, bring light jackets and umbrellas to stay comfortable. On sunny camping days, don’t forget to pack sunglasses, hats, and sunscreen for sun protection. 32 . While exploring the great outdoors, being aware of dangerous plants and animals is very important. Inform your kids that poisonous plants, such as poison ivy, oak, or sumac, might cause skin irritations and rashes. Teach them how to identify these plants and the importance of avoiding contact with them. In addition, it’s best to discuss with your family the potential encounters with wildlife and how to handle them safely. Remind them not to approach or feed bears, raccoons, or squirrels. 33 , they can be dangerous if provoked (挑衅，激怒). Pack a First Aid Kit Accidents could happen on camping grounds, so preparing a well-stocked first aid kit is essential. The basics should include adhesive bandages, antiseptic wipes, gauze pads, adhesive tape, and tweezers. 34 , it’s time to hit the road. Happy camping! A．While these animals seem cute B．Packing a first aid kit with basic supplies C．Be Cautious of Dangerous Plants and Animals D．Bringing light jackets and umbrellas for chilly or rainy weather E．Checking the weather before heading for your family camping trip is essential F．Now that you have these essential tips for a safe and enjoyable family camping trip G．This guide has practical tips for keeping everyone safe and having fun on a family camping trip 【答案】30．G 31．E 32．C 33．A 34．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何计划家庭露营旅行向读者提供实用的安全和娱乐建议，以帮助读者确保露营活动的安全和愉快。 30．根据空前内容“However, as exciting as camping can be, safety must come first.(然而，尽管露营很刺激，安全必须放在第一位。)”可知，露营的安全必须放在第一位。选项G“This guide has practical tips for keeping everyone safe and having fun on a family camping trip(这份指南提供了实用的建议，以保证每个人的安全，并在家庭露营旅行中玩得开心。)”承上启下，承接上文指出露营的安全很重要；同时引出下文具体的建议。故选G。 31．根据空后内容“Because Mother Nature can be unpredictable. This step ensures you pack the appropriate clothing and ready for unexpected weather changes.(因为大自然是不可预测的。这一步可以确保你带上合适的衣服，并为意外的天气变化做好准备。)”可推测，天气变化是很难预测的，因此要提前做好准备。选项E“Checking the weather before heading for your family camping trip is essential(在你的家庭野营旅行之前，检查一下天气是很重要的)”与下文内容相符，指的是要提前检查天气。故选E。 32．空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“While exploring the great outdoors, being aware of dangerous plants and animals is very important. Inform your kids that poisonous plants, such as poison ivy, oak, or sumac, might cause skin irritations and rashes. Teach them how to identify these plants and the importance of avoiding contact with them. In addition, it's best to discuss with your family the potential encounters with wildlife and how to handle them safely. (在探索伟大的户外活动时，了解危险的动植物是非常重要的。告诉你的孩子有毒的植物，如毒葛、橡树或漆树，可能会引起皮肤刺激和皮疹。教他们如何识别这些植物，以及避免与它们接触的重要性。此外，最好和你的家人讨论一下可能遇到野生动物以及如何安全处理它们。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要了解危险的动植物。选项C“Be Cautious of Dangerous Plants and Animals(小心危险动植物)”是本段内容的概括。故选C。 33．根据空后的“they can be dangerous if provoked (挑衅，激怒).(他们可以是危险的，如果被激怒。)”可推测，空处的内容与下文存在转折关系。选项A“While these animals seem cute(虽然这些动物看起来很可爱)”指出动物很可爱，与下文动物如果被激怒有可能会很危险形成转折关系。故选A。 34．根据下文“it’s time to hit the road. Happy camping!(不管怎样，该上路了。野营快乐！)”可推测，空处为从句，为文章的总结。选项F“Now that you have these essential tips for a safe and enjoyable family camping trip(既然你已经掌握了这些安全愉快的家庭露营的基本技巧)”与下文形成一致，指的是既然已经掌握了这份指南的内容，那么我们就可以出发了。故选F。 思维素养提升 Task 1 本单元的写作任务是写一封建议信。建议信属于应用文，是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告。建议信可以写给个人，就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法或观点；也可以写给某个组织或者机构，就改进其服务等提出建议或忠告。请选择一篇你感兴趣的阅读语篇，尝试用思维导图绘制出文章脉络吧！ Task 2 （23-24高一下·广东深圳·期末）假定你是李华，最近因为一些事与父母意见不合，心情一直很郁闷。请给你的新西兰好友Chris写一封求助信，内容包括： 1．写信目的； 2．简述事情经过； 3．希望获得建议。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Chris, How are you doing? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【范文赏读】Dear Chris, How are you doing? With something making me upset these days, I’m writing to ask you for some suggestions. As a senior high school student, I have much homework to do every day. However, without my agreement, my parents signed up for the piano and dance classes for me last week, which resulted in an argument between us. I haven’t talked to them for several days. What should I do? I’d appreciate it if you could give me some advice. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给自己的新西兰好友Chris写一封求助信，告诉他自己与父母因意见不合发生冲突的经过并希望获得他的建议。 【详解】1.词汇激活 不高兴的：upset→dissatisfied 导致；造成：result in→lead to 然而：however→nevertheless 提供：give→offer 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：What should I do? 拓展句：Please tell me what I should do? 【点睛】【高分句型1】However, without my agreement, my parents signed up for the piano and dance classes for me last week, which resulted in an argument between us. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】I’d appreciate it if you could give me some advice.(运用了if引导条件状语从句) ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$