专题03 击破形容词副词专项语法训练（知识网络+考点考法+考点练透）-备战2025年高考英语语法填空专项训练

专题03 击破形容词副词专项语法训练 击破目录 第一部分 形容词副词基础知识网络 一．近年高考题中出现形容词副词考点统计表 1 二．形容词副词的基本知识 2 （一）形容词部分 2 （二）副词部分 10 （三）形容词和副词的比较等级 15 第二部分 形容词副词的考点考法 22 一．形容词 22 二．副词 22 三．形容词副词的比较等级 23 四．分词形容词的区别 23 第三部分 形容词副词考点练透 24 一．高考真题61题 24 二．高考模拟试题37题 31 第1部分 形容词副词基础知识网络 一．近3年高考题中出现形容词副词考点统计表 时间 卷次 语法填空 合计 20 24年 新高考I卷 create this protective 57 (function) structure(答案为functional) the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. (答案为closed) 2 新高考II卷 0 全国甲卷 Yellowstone was the 69 ( large) United States national park (答案为largest) 1 全国乙卷 0 北京卷 0 浙江卷 0 20 23年 新高考I卷 dumpling wrappers, encasing hot,   36     (taste) soup (答案为tasty) one steamer is    44     (rare) enough(答案为rarely) 2 新高考II卷 feel more comfortable and   37    (confidence) speaking English(答案为confident) 43    (basic), how to describe a panda’s life(答案为Basically) 2 全国甲卷    67    (difference) from traditional fables(答案为Different) 1 全国乙卷 The    69    (remark) development of this city(答案为remarkable) 1 北京卷 all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time(答案为exactly) 1 浙江卷 The term “hutong”,        (original)meaning “water well”(答案为originally) lined by        (space) homes and walled gardens(答案为spacious) Their siheyuan were far smaller and           (simple)(答案为simpler) 3 20 22年 新高考I卷 The main goal is to ___ (eventual) achieve a desired level(答案为eventually) 1 新高考II卷 They both fell _______ (sleep)(答案为asleep) he __________ (accidental ) slipped (答案为accidentally) 2 全国甲卷 this will make the trip even more ___________ (meaning).(答案为meaningful) Kilimanjaro, Africa’s _________ (high) mountain(答案为highest) 2 全国乙卷 the____(large)tea-producing country(答案为largest) build a community with a ____ (share) future (答案为shared) 2 北京卷 it is getting even     19   (bad)(答案为worse) 1 浙江卷1月 ____（rough）200 academics have promised to fly (答案为roughly) 1 二．形容词副词的基本知识 形容词是用来描写或修饰名词(或代词)的词。副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词。 （一）形容词部分 1.形容词的基本形式 （1）本身即形容词的词(如red，glad,nice ) （2）由“名词+-y”构成的形容词 这类词有时需要双写词尾。 例如: sun--sunny 阳光充足的 wind--windy多风的 fun-funny 有趣的 fog--foggy 有雾的 health--healthy健康的 rain-rainy 多雨的 （3）加后缀-able，-al,-en,-ent,-ish,-ive, -ful,-ous，-ly等构成的形容词 advise-advisable 明智的comfort-comfortable舒适的 nation-national 国家的;全国性的;国内的 wood-wooden 木制的 education-educational教育的 gold-golden 金色的;金黄色的 differ--different不同的 insist--insistent 坚持的;坚决要求的 self--selfish自私的 child-childish孩子气的 attract--attractive 吸引人的 impress-impressive印象深刻的 power-powerful 强大的 success--successful成功的 danger-dangerous 危险的 fame-famous 著名的 friend-friendly 友好的 time--timely 及时的 cost--costly 昂贵的 year--yearly 每年的 (4 )由分词转化而来的形容词 分词作表语或定语时,现在分词多表示主语或被修饰词所具有的特征,基本含义是“令人……的”,常修饰物;过去分词多表示主语或被修饰词所处的状态,基本含义是“感到……的”,常修饰人。 常见的该类形容词有: exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 兴奋的 boring 乏味的;令人厌烦的 bored 厌烦的 interesting有趣的 interested 感兴趣的 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失望的;沮丧的 surprising 使人惊讶的 surprised 惊讶的 pleasing 令人高兴的 pleased 高兴的 satisfying 令人满意的 satisfied 满意的 tiring使人疲劳的 tired 疲劳的 relaxing 令人放松的 relaxed 放松的 amazing 令人惊奇的 amazed 惊奇的 worrying 令人担忧的 worried 担心的;担忧的 frightening令人害怕的 frightened 受惊的 exhausting 令人筋疲力尽的 exhausted 筋疲力尽的 例如: He achieved an amazing success.他取得了令人惊异的成功。 The surprising fact made her really surprised. 这一令人惊讶的事实使她十分吃惊。 (5)复合形容词 复合形容词就是两个或两个以上的词构成一个形容词,通常复合形容词只作定语。最常见的构成方式有以下几种: 构成方式 例词 构成方式 数词+名词 (+形容词) five-year 五年的、800-meter-long 800米长的 数词+名词(+形容词) 数词+名词-ed   three-legged 三条腿的 数词+名词-ed   形容词+名词-ed warm-hearted 热心肠的、middle-aged 中年的 形容词+名词-ed 形容词+现在分词 easy-going 随和的、free-thinking思想自由 形容词+现在分词 形容词+过去分词 new-born 新生的、hard-won 来之不易的 形容词+过去分词 形容词+形容词 red-hot炽热的 形容词+形容词 名词+形容词 duty-free 免税的、world-famous 世界著名 名词+形容词 名词+现在分词 peace-loving热爱和平的、epoch-making划时代的 名词+现在分词 名词+过去分词 man-made 人造的、state-owned 国营的 名词+过去分词 副词+现在分词 far-reaching影响深远的、farseeing 目光长远的 副词+现在分词 副词+过去分词 well-educated 受过良好教育的、deep-set 深陷的 副词+过去分词 其他方式 first-rate 第一流的、overall 总体的、ace-to-face 面对面的、happy-go-lucky 无忧无虑的      其他方式 2.形容词的句法功能 (1)作定语,修饰名词,说明其性质、特征等 例如: A straightforward talk is better than a flowery speech. 巧言不如直说。 The research lacks solid evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.该项研究缺乏实证,因此所得出的结论还有待考证。 (2)作表语,跟在系动词be, feel, look , get, turn, become 等后,说明主语的性质、特征、状况等 例如: If it is convenient for you, I'll visit you next Tuesday.如果你方便的话,我下星期二去看你。 Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty , a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.韦尔蒂一个穿着素净灰色长裙的苗条女人,坐在她房间的沙发上,看起来对这个解释很满意。 (3)作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语的性质、状态或特征等 例如: His attitude made him very unpopular with colleagues. 他的态度使他很不受同事欢迎。 My explanation seemed to make things worse, which started to drive me mad as well. 我的解释好像使事情更糟了,这也开始把我逼疯了。 (4)作主语补足语,补充说明主语的性质、状态或特征等,一般位于 使用被动语态的动词后 例如: Youth sport programs have long been considered important to the youth's psychosocial development.青年运动计划长期以来一直被认为对年轻人的社会心理发展很重要。 (5)作状语,修饰全句,表示原因、伴随、结果或方式等,可位于句首、句中或句末 例如: Afraid of being late, she got up at five o'clock in the morning. 她担心迟到,早上5点钟就起了床。(原因状语) After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired. 经过长途跋涉后,他们三个人又累又饿地回了家。(结果状语) 3.形容词的位置 (1)形容词可置于名词前 多数情况下形容词放在所修饰的名词前,作前置定语,名词既可以是可数的,也可以是不可数的;既可以是单数,也可以是复数。 例如: an interesting story一个有趣的故事 three difficult questions三道难题 an expressive glance含情脉脉的一瞥 delicious food 可口的食物 (2)形容词可置于名词或代词后 ①形容词修饰由any-, some-, every-, no-, -body, -thing，-one 构成的不定代词时,一般只能后置。 例如: There is something wrong with the TV.电视出毛病了。 The doctors did everything possible to save the young man. 医生们做了他们能做的一切去抢救那名年轻男子。 [注意] 我们有时可见到形容词修饰something而前置的例子,这是因 为something前有定冠词而使其名词化的缘故。例如: On the table was the magic something that they were eager to research.桌子上神奇的东西就是他们极力想研究的。 ②表语形容词afraid, alive, alone , asleep , awake, worth 等作定语修饰名词或代词时,常置于被修饰词的后面 例如: He is the most famous scientist alive in the world today. 他是当今世界上在世的最著名的科学家。 The baby still asleep might be awake very soon. 仍在熟睡的婴儿可能马上就会醒来。 ③当old, long，high，wide，deep等词附有数量词短语作定语时,需后置 例如: There are many buildings over 20 stories high. 有许多20多层高的楼房。 ④形容词 enough 修饰名词,通常放在名词前。 例如: enough food 足够的食物 enough people足够的人手 【知识拓展】 有些形容词作前置定语和后置定语的意义不同 例如: a concerned look关注的神情 an involved story复杂的故事 the comrades concerned有关的同志 the issues involved有关问题 the responsible man可依赖的人 the present problem目前的问题 the man responsible 应负责的人 the people present at the meeting出席会议的人 the absent student心不在焉的学生 the student absent 缺席的学生 (5)用and或or 连接的形容词短语修饰名词,形容词短语一般后置 例如: All the people on this island, young or old, are all fond of music. 这个岛上的所有人,无论老少,都喜欢音乐。 （四）多个形容词修饰名词时的排列顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时,这些形容词的位置由它们和被修饰名词的关系密切程度来决定。一般说来，关系最密切的最靠近被修饰的名词,关系较远的离被修饰的名词也较远。其排列顺序如下表所示: 限定词 数词 形容词 中心词 限定代词 冠词、指示代词、不定代词、形容词性物主代词 序数词 基数词 描绘性形容词 表示大小、长短、形状等的形容词 表示新旧、老幼、温度等的形容词 表示颜色的形容词 表示国籍、产地的形容词 表示材料、质地的形容词 表示用途的词 名 词 all any such the  your this secondfourth one four ugly good large short new cool black yellow Chinese foreign silk wooden medical shoes a unique Olympic torch relay 一次别开生面的奥运圣火接力传递 【注意】 两个或两个以上的形容词修饰名词时，除用上述规则外,通常把音节短的形容词放在前面,音节长的形容词放在后面。 例如: He is a tall and powerful man.他是一个高大而有力的男人。 5.形容词的一些特殊用法 (1)某些以 a-开头的形容词一般作表语,称之为表语形容词 例如: I'm afraid I can't get there on time.我恐怕不能按时到达那里了。 I'm ashamed to have behaved so badly at your party.我很惭愧在你的聚会上举止如此恶劣。 [注意] 表语形容词不可直接用very 来修饰,但可用其他表示程度的副词来修饰。 例如: fast asleep熟睡的 wide awake十分清醒的 greatly ashamed非常羞愧的 (2)一些表示健康状况或感觉反应的形容词一般只可作表语 常见的此类词有: content 满意的 glad 高兴的 pleased 愉快的 sorry歉疚的 well 状态良好的 unable 未能的 例如: He is content just to sit in front of the television all day. 他只要整天坐在电视机前就心满意足了。 He is glad to hear that his mother is going to see him this Sunday. 听到妈妈这个星期天要来看他,他很高兴。 (3)一些形容词只可作定语,而不可作表语 常见的此类词有: only 仅有的 inner 内部的 upper上面的 latter 后者的 former 从前的 elder 年长的 (4)一些形容词作表语时,主语不能为“人”,通常用 it 作形式主 语, 而将真正的主语后置 常见的此类词有: necessary必要的 unnecessary不必要的 possible可能的 impossible不可能的 important重要的 unimportant不重要的 difficult困难的 dangerous危险的 useful有用的 pleasant愉快的 例如: It is impossible for me to be there before eight. 我在八点之前不可能赶到那里。 It's dangerous for a driver to drive at night.司机夜间驾车有危险。 有些形容词可与定冠词the 连用,相当于名词,泛指一类人或事物 例如: The old are respected in our country.在我国老年人受到尊重。(the old 泛指老人) The doctor used to help the poor.这个医生过去经常帮助穷人。(the poor泛指穷人) （二）副词部分 1.副词的基本形式 (1)本身即副词,如 now, rather,very, there, how, when, too 等 (2)由“形容词+-ly”构成的副词 ①有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词。 dead 死的一deadly 致命的、live 活的一lively 活泼的、friend 朋友 friendly 友好的 ②有些以-ly 结尾的词既可以作名词,也可作形容词,还可作副词。 weekly n.周刊 ；adj.一周一次的；adv.一周一次地 ③有些词除自身可以作副词外,还有另一种形式的副词。 hard 努力地;艰难地 hardly几乎不； late迟;晚 lately 最近;近来； near 在附近 nearly几乎;差不多； free免费地 freely 自由地;畅通地 close紧密地 closely 严密地;密切地； high 在高处;高高地 highly 很;非常;高度地 wide 广阔地;充分地 widely 广泛地;普遍地； deep 深深地;在深处 deeply 深刻地;深沉地 dead 完全地;非常 deadly 非常； fair公平地 fairly相当地 I couldn't convince him no matter how hard I tried. 不管我怎么努力,都说服不了他。 She lives in Spain, so we hardly ever see her. 她住在西班牙,所以我们几乎见不到她。 He kicked the ball high into the air.他把球高高地踢向空中。 We all think highly of him.我们都对他评价很高。 (3)与形容词形式相同的副词 单词 形容词词义 副词词义 单词 early 早的 早 early late 晚的 晚 late very 正是的 非常,很 very fast 快的 迅速地 fast straight 直的 径直 straight hard 硬的 努力地 hard enough 足够的 足够地 enough long 长的 长时间地 long 2.副词的句法功能 (1)作状语 副词作状语,修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子等 Men and women must be treated equally in education and employment. 男性和女性应该在教育和就业上被平等地对待。(修饰动词) I'm not much good at tennis.我不太擅长打网球。(修饰形容词) That's exactly what we've been trying to tell you. 那正是我们一直想告诉你的。(修饰从句) They did very well this season and so entered a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. 他们这一赛季表现得非常好,所以进入了通常只有更有技术的俱乐部球队才能参加的锦标赛。(修饰副词) Fortunately,everything worked out all right in the end. 幸运的是,最后一切顺利。(修饰整个句子) 一般位于系动词后,主要指主语的方位、方向、动作情况 When the meeting is over, give me a phone call. 会议结束时,给我打个电话。 Sorry, I have to be off now.对不起,我现在就得走了。 (3)作介词宾语(主要用于 from 后) The men were watching us from above the trees.那些人正从树上往下注视着我们。 (4)作定语 表示时间和地点的副词,如 here , there, in, out, up, down, below, above,upstairs,downstairs, indoors, outdoors , now, then等,可作定语,放在被修饰词之后。 Are you content with the life here?你对这儿的生活满意吗? The people there are very kind to visitors.那儿的人对游客很友好。 【知识拓展】 (1)有些副词可修饰名词,用以加强语气。常用的这类副词有quite ,rather,even等。 He spent quite a long time there.他在那儿待了很长时间。 Even a child won't believe such words you said. 就连孩子也不会相信你说的这些话。 (2)有些副词可修饰部分不定代词或数词。常见的副词有almost, nearly , roughly 等。 Nearly everybody came to our party. 几乎所有的人都来参加我们的聚会了。 Virtually all the students participated in the discussion. 实际上所有的学生都参加了讨论。 (5)作补语 说明宾语或主语的位置、状态等 判断补语类型（宾语补足语or主语补足语） Keep the fire on for a few minutes.让火持续几分钟。作宾语补足语 The boy was seen upstairs.有人看见那个男孩在楼上。作主语补足语 3.副词的位置 (1)修饰形容词和其他的副词时,一般放在被修饰词之前 Computers work much faster than before. 计算机的运行速度比以前快多了。 Green products are becoming more and more popular because they are environmentally friendly. 绿色产品越来越受欢迎,因为它们很环保。 【注意】enough 作副词时,总是置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。 Students brave enough to take the adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. 有足够勇气参加这门历险课程的学生一定会学到很多有用的技能。 Strangely enough, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.说来奇怪,一些著名的科学家具有细心和粗心的双重特点。 (2)修饰动词时,一般放在被修饰词之后 We used to see each other regularly, but I haven't heard from him since last year. 我们过去经常见面，但从去年起我就没有他的消息了。 (3)频度副词的位置 表示频度的副词always,often，usually, never, almost, frequently，sometimes,seldom等常放在行为动词之前、系动词之后;句子有助动词时,则放在其后;有多个助动词时,则置于第一个助动词之后 She'd always assumed that Gabriel was a girl's name.她一直认为加布里埃尔是个女孩名字。 Old houses are often damp.老房子大多都潮湿。 (4)地点副词的位置 表示地点的副词,一般来说经常置于句末,此外往往紧跟在动词(+宾语)后,偶尔也可以放在句首(尤其是 here 和there) We should often walk outdoors for fresh air.我们应该经常到户外走走,呼吸新鲜空气。 Here you can find whatever kind of book you want.在这里你可以找到各种你想要的书。 【注意】 时间副词和地点副词同时出现时，地点副词常位于时间副词之前。Mr.Brown drove his car quickly outside then.那时布朗先生很快开车出去了。 【注意】副词顺序： 表示程度的副词→表示状态的副词→表示地点的副词→表示时间的副词 （5)句子副词的位置 句子副词用来对句子中陈述的观点进行评价,或起到连接上下文的作用,常常置于句首,其后常有逗号与句子隔开。 Surprisingly, they agreed to all our demands. 令人惊讶的是,他们答应了我们所有的要求。 （三）形容词和副词的比较等级 1.比较级和最高级的构成 大多数形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级。原级即形容词或副词的原形，比较级和最高级的构成如下 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er，-est tall 高的 taller tallest 以不发音的e结尾时,在词尾加-r，-st  large 大的 nice 好的 larger nicer largest nicest 以“辅音字母+-y”结尾的双音节词,变-y为-i,再加-er，-est easy 容易的 happy 高兴的 easier happier easiest happiest 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的单音节词或少数双音节词,双写词尾的辅音字母,再加-er，-est big 大的 hot 热的 thin 瘦的 bigger hotter thinner biggest hottest thinnest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在原级前加more,most  important 重要的quickly 迅速地  more important more quickly most important most quickly 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good 好的 well健康的 better best bad 坏的 badly坏地 ill 有病的 worse worst old 老的 older/elder oldest/eldest much/many 许多 more most little 少 less least far 远的/远地 farther/further farthest/furthest late 晚的/晚 later latest 3.有两种构成方法的词 有少数几个双音节词以及以-er 及-le 结尾的词，可以有两种 比较级和最高级。 原级 比较级 最高级 cruel残忍的 crueler/more cruel cruelest/most cruel friendly 友好的 friendlier/more friendly friendliest/most friendly strict 严格的 stricter/more strict strictest/most strict common 常见的,普遍的 commoner/more common commonest/most common clever 聪明的 cleverer/more clever cleverest/more clever simple 简单的 simpler/more simple simplest/most simple 4.比较等级的用法 （1）原级的用法 ①在肯定句中,两者相比(甲=乙),用“as+原级+as”或“the same+对应的名词形式+as”表示。 This kind of language appeared as early as the Stone Age.这种语言最早出现在石器时代。 Jensen's house is about the same size as ours.詹森的房子和我们的差不多大。 ②在否定句中,两者相比(甲<乙),用“not as/so+原级+as”表示。 I didn't do my homework so/as carefully as you.我做作业不如你仔细。 He was not so foolish as I thought.他并非像我想的那样笨。 如果第一个as/so后的形容词作定语修饰单数可数名词,冠词应置于形容词之后、可数名词之前。 It is generally believed that teaching is as attractive an art as it is a science. 人们普遍认为,教学是一门迷人的学科,同时也是一门迷人的艺术。 She has as charming a face as her grandmother.她长得和她祖母一样迷人。 ③“as+原级+as+数量词”相当于“数量词+形容词”。 The bridge is as wide as 10 meters. =The bridge is 10 meters wide.这座桥有十米宽。 ④表示“是……的几倍”时,用“倍数+as+原级+as”来表示。 The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one.为举办下一届亚运会而正在修建的新体育馆将会是现有体育馆的三倍大。 ⑤一些看似平级比较结构的固定习惯用语。 这些用语实则没有比较含义 as/so long as 只要 as far as 就……而言 as soon as -……就 as well as 和 as good as ( =very nearly)与……几乎一样;简直 I will work as/so long as I live.只要活着,我就要工作。 As far as I know, he is a reliable person. 据我所知,他是一个可靠的人。 （2）比较级的用法 比较级表示的是两个人或物中“一个比另一个更……”,也可用于两部分之间的比较。 (1)两者相比,用“比较级+than”表示。 The plan turned out better than we had expected. 这个计划结果比我们预料的要好。 Anthony is out of shape. I can run faster and farther than he. 安东尼身体不好,我能跑得比他更快更远。 【注意】 ①比较的对象应该是同类。 The climate here is warmer than that of Shanghai. 这里的气候比上海的暖和。 The radios made in our factory are better than those( made) in your factory. 我们厂生产的收音机比你们厂的好。 ②than 后可跟名词、代词、形容词、不定式(短语)、状语从句等。than连接的比较状语从句常常省略同主句相同的部分。在口语中,than后的人称代词作主语时常用宾格代替主格;如果than 后的人称代词与动词连用,应用人称代词的主格。 I am a better swimmer than he ( is).我游泳比他好。 He is younger than me.他比我年轻。(口语) (2)表示“两个人/物之间比较……的”,用“the+比较级+n./pron.+of+the two+名词复数”结构。 Bob is the taller one of the two boys.鲍勃是两个男孩中较高的一个。 Of the two sisters , Betty is the younger one , and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.两姐妹中,贝蒂是妹妹,而且她也是爱安静的那一个。 (3)表示本身程度的改变,用“比较级+and+比较级”结构,译作“越来越……”。 The weather is getting warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和。 The farmers in my hometown are becoming richer and richer now. 我家乡的农民现在越来越富裕了。 (4)表示一方随另一方程度变化时,用“the+比较级...，the+比较级..”结构,译作“越……,就越……”。 The more we know each other, the better we understand each other. 我们之间了解越多,就越能互相理解。 As far as the hard disk is concerned, the bigger the better. 就硬盘而言,容量越大越好。 (5)用介词by 表示相差的程度。 She is taller than Betty by three inches.=She is three inches taller than Betty.她比贝蒂高三英寸。 (6)表示“是……的几倍”时,用“倍数+比较级+than...”表示。 Our classroom is three times larger than yours. 我们的教室是你们教室的三倍大。 【注意】 “more than+主语+can+谓语”结构表否定意义,意为“非……所能……”。 That is more than I can tell you.那是我不能告诉你的。 The beauty of the mountain is more than I can describe. 这座山的美非我所能描述。 （3）最高级的用法 表示三者或三者以上中之最,用形容词、副词的最高级。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前的 the 可省略。 (1)常用的结构为:sb./sth.+be+the+形容词最高级(+名词)+表范围的短语 This novel was once the most widely read book in high schools in the United States.这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。 Yesterday was the hottest day of the year.昨天是一年中最热的一天。 (2)用比较级的形式,表达最高级的含义。 这类句型常用的结构为: 比较级+than+any other+单数名词 比较级+than+all the other+复数名词 比较级+than+anyone else 比较级+than+any of the other+复数名词 比较级+than+the rest of+复数名词/不可数名词 比较级+than+any+可数名词单数(不同范围) (3)“否定词+比较级”或“否定词+such/so+原级+as”结构表示最高级含义。 He has never spent a more worrying day.他度过了最担心的一天。 Nothing is so easy as this.没有什么比这个更容易。 （五）比较级和最高级的修饰语 1.用 much , far, rather, still , even, a lot, a bit, a little, a great deal, no, any, by far 等来修饰形容词和副词的比较级 2.“否定词+比较级”或“否定词+such/so+原级+as”结构表示最高级含义。 The number of people present at the concert was much smaller than expected. There were many tickets left.出席音乐会的人数要比预期的少得多,许多票没有卖出去。 You're driving too fast. Can you drive a bit more slowly?你开得太快了,能稍微慢点吗? Could you please speak a little more loudly so that I can hear you? 你能否说得稍微大声一点,以便我能听到你? 【注意】more 不可修饰比较级,但可用 much 来加强比较级。 3.“否定词+比较级”或“否定词+such/so+原级+as”结构表示最高级含义。 The Yellow River is the second largest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。 Nikolai's English was much the worst.尼柯莱的英语糟糕透了。 （六）与 more/less than有关的表达 1.more than (1) more than=over ,意为“多于,超过” I have collected more than 200 stamps.我已经收集了200多张邮 票了。 (2)more than = very ,意为“很,非常” He was more than angry at the news.听到那则消息他非常生气。 (3) more than 意为“不仅” He is more than a policeman.他不仅是一名警察。 (4)一个人的两种状态或特征的比较,用“more...than...”表达，意为“与其说……不如说……” That girl is more hard-working than lucky. 与其说那个姑娘幸运,不如说她勤奋。 The child was more frightened than hurt. 这个孩子的伤倒不算什么,只是受惊不小。 2.not more than, no more than not more than = at most, 意为“至多,不超过”; no more than=only, 意为“仅仅” There are not more than six people on the bus.公共汽车上的人不超过六个。 There are no more than six people on the bus.公共汽车上只有六个人。 3.less than, no less than less than 用在数词或冠词前,意为“不到,少于”; no less than 意为“多达,不少于”。 Less than fifty people attended the meeting. 不足50人参加了那次会议。 The prize was no less than 2 million dollars.奖金高达两百万美元。 第三部分 形容词副词考点考法 一、形容词 句法作用： （一）作定语 As _______(nature) architects, …（答案为natural） （二）作表语 ... it’s always _________ (energy). （答案为energetic） （三）作补语 I find it ________(difficulty) to adapt to the environment. （答案为difficult） 二、副词 句法作用：作状语 （1） 修饰动词 The title will be ________ (official) given to me... （答案为officially） （2） 修饰形容词 The house had a ______(fair) large garden （答案为fairly） （3） 修饰介词短语 She left ________(short) after the meeting. （答案为shortly） （四）修饰全句 _____________ (immediate), I raised my hand. （答案为Immediately） （五）修饰状语从句 Noise is unpleasant, ________ (especial) when you are trying to sleep. （答案为especially） 三、比较等级 （一）比较级 ... runners live three years _____ (long) than non-runners. （答案为longer） （二）最高级 He screams the ______ (loud) of all. （答案为loudest） 四、分词形容词的区别 （一）-ed (人) 感到……的They are _______ (interest) in writing. （答案为interested） （二）-ing (事物) 令人……的 The story is very ________(interest). （答案为interesting） 第三部分 非谓语动词的时态和语态考点练透 一．近年高考真题61题 1.【2024新课标I卷】The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful. 2.【2024新课标I卷】These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. 3.【2024全国甲卷】Yellowstone was the 69 ( large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 4.（2023新高考I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot,   36     (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 5.（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is    44     (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time. 6.（2023新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and    37    (confidence) speaking English. 7.（2023新高考II卷）So, what are they learning?   43    (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 8.（2023全国甲卷）   67    (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 9.（2023全国甲卷）The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and ___________(beauty) on the stamps.(此题来由改错题改编) 10.（2023全国乙卷）The    69    (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 11.（2023全国乙卷）However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she final got purple hair. 12.（2023全国乙卷）At least one thing proved truth: the color wouldn’t wash out. 13.【2023年北京卷】Soon after moving to Switzerland, I threw a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time. 14.（2023浙江1月卷）The term “hutong”,           (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 15.（2023浙江1月卷） The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by           (space) homes and walled gardens. 16. （2023浙江1月卷）Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and           (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. 17．（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and __________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 18.（2022新高考II卷）They both fell __________ (sleep) while watching TV. 19.（2022新高考II卷）When he looked down, he __________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 20.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___________ (meaning). 21.（2022全国甲卷）and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s _________ (high) mountain. 22.（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the _________ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 23.【2022年北京卷】That’s a big problem and it is getting even     19     (bad). 24.（2022年浙江卷1月）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 25.（2021全国I卷）It will ___________（undoubted） help you get refreshed! 26.（2021全国I卷）The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the___________(hot) the spring! 27.（2021全国I卷）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ___________(ache) legs. 28.（2021全国高考II卷）I told him how __________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 29.（2021全国甲卷）After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___________ (good) than to ride on a piece of history! 30.（2021全国甲卷）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their __________ (day) routines. 31.（2021全国乙卷）It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___________ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics 32.（2021全国乙卷）Provide _________(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples. 33.（2021年北京卷）Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____（safe） wait for the police to take her home． 34.（2021年浙江卷）When the house was built, it was much __________ （small）than it is today. 35.（2021年浙江卷1月）But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed ______(sharp). 36.（2021年浙江卷1月）This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including ________ (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 37.（2020全国I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is __________ (extreme) challenging. 38.（2020全国II卷）___________ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. 39.（2020全国II卷）Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The___________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 40．（2020全国III卷）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their __________ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. 41.（2020全国III卷）As the small boat moved, _________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 42.（2020北京卷）Oliver says if you're______(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them if you can join in when it's possible. 43.（2020北京卷）They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were______（smart）than the Neanderthals. 44.（2020年浙江卷1月）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes _________(old) than before. 45.（2020年浙江卷1月）This is___________(particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. 46.（2020年山东卷）In the 18th and 19th centuries, __________ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. 47.（2019全国I卷）It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ________ (poor) studied 48.（2019全国I卷）Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements,leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are ________ (high) than they actually are. 49.（2019全国II卷）Her years of hard work have ________（final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year. 50.（2019全国II卷）It's ___________(wonder）. 51.（2019全国III卷）They also shared with us many _________ (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were _________ (huge) popular with tourists. 52.（2019北京卷）Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ___________(meaning) college experience. 53.（2019年浙江卷）When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can _______ (easy) see them. 54.（2019年浙江卷）School uniforms are ___________(tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. 55．（2018全国I卷）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years __________ (long) than non-runners. 56.（2018全国I卷）Running is cheap, easy and it's always____________(energy). 57．（2018全国II卷）A taste for meat is _____________  (actual) behind the change. 58.（2018全国II卷）According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _________ (globe) fertilizer consumption. 59.（2018全国III卷）He screams the __________ (loud) of all. 60．（2018年浙江卷）The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be ________(afford) but doing this most days adds up. 61.（2018年浙江卷）There could be an even _________ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight problems. 二．高考模拟题28题 1.【2024·广东高三·二模】The Parade, featuring various performances, including lion and dragon dances, martial arts, and traditional costumes, takes place 2 (annual) during the autumn season, usually in October or November. 2.【23-24广东部分名校·二模】Strong leg muscles are a must to tackle the mountains, or you can stick to some of the 15 (flat) coast roads than the mountain roads. 3.【23-24广东部分名校·二模】You can rent bicycles in most tourist hangouts, but they are not as 18 (wide) available as cars and motorcycles. 4.【2024·广东肇庆·二模】The benefits of exercise are endless: a healthier body together with a slimmer figure and a 26 (happy) mood. 5.【2024·广东肇庆·二模】“What I like about this place is that newcomers are always welcome. Everyone in the park feels 30 (include), ” said Feng. It is like a chorus of life. 6.【2024·广东佛山·二模】She was full of praise 31 a special structure which 32 (successful) protected Yuanrendong Cave from an unusual rainstorm in July. 7.【2024·广东佛山·二模】Organized by various organizations, the forum brought together some 50 professionals to discuss the protection and 37 (sustain) development of heritage sites. 8.【2024·广东广州·二模】Chinese tea falls into six categories, 45 (name) green tea, white tea, yellow tea, oolong tea, black tea and dark tea, based on different production methods and fermentation (发酵) degrees. 9.【2024·广东韶关·二模】In the last two lines, the poet 55 (direct) points out that the rice we eat is the fruit of peasants’ hard work. 10【2024·广东部分学校·模拟预测】As time passed, the 62 (origin) dance developed, taking in various artistic forms and skills, including opera, acrobatics and martial arts, and eventually turned into the type of Yangko that/which is seen today. 11.【2024·广东部分学校·模拟预测】It is 65 (common) performed in northern China during festivals, especially for Chinese New Year and the Lantern Festival. 12.【2024·广东湛江·二模】No structure is as symbolically significant or 71 (cultural) important to China as the Great Wall. 13.【2024·广东湛江·二模】A laborer explains 76 he risks his life to make repairs to the ancient structure, saying that it is an honor to be part of such a great cause, and it is very 77 (meaning) to do so. 14.【2024·广东梅州·二模】Lion dancing 96 (main) focuses on the performance of the lion dance, attaching much attention to movements like scratching an itch (抓痒), shaking the mane (鬃毛) and licking (舔) the hair. 15.【2024届浙江省台州市高三下学期二模英语试题】A figurine could cost 57 (basic) the annual salary of many people at the time due to precious materials and complicated handicraft techniques. 16.【2024届浙江省台州市高三下学期二模英语试题】These measures cut the price to less than a tenth of the 61 (origin) one. 17.【2024届浙江省湖州市、丽水市、衢州市三地市高三下学期二模英语试题】So the country's favorite go-to-movie snack was even 64 (available)and popular. 18.【2024届浙江省杭州市高三下学期二模英语试题】56______ is it a good thing that we're relying on technology more often than not, recording every step we take? 19.【2024届浙江省杭州市高三下学期二模英语试题】The real questions surround not the 57______ (wear), but the wearer. 20.【2024届浙江省杭州市高三下学期二模英语试题】Depending on what those goals are, there might be ways to achieve them that are more cost 64 _______ (effect), more fun, more convenient. 21.【2024届浙江省绍兴市高三下学期二模英语试题】After over a decade of field research, Li ____39____(successful) completed the first draft of his masterpiece, Bencao Gangmu, or the Compendium of Materia Medica in 1578. 22.【2024届浙江省绍兴市高三下学期二模英语试题】Today, there are a ____45____(grow) number of international exchanges centering on Li Shizhen and his book, and many people around the world can still find the wisdom of human development in this ancient classic. 23.【2024届浙江省嘉兴市高三下学期4月二模英语试题】 Changing how you think about ___37___(emotion) events in this way can change how you feel about them. 24.【2024届浙江省嘉兴市高三下学期4月二模英语试题】 ___39___(fortunate), getting a good friend’s perspective(见解) can help. 25.【2024届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三下学期二模英语试题】China has nearly 5, 000 years of ___36___ (record) history. 26.【2024届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三下学期二模英语试题】Classical furniture is mostly made by hand. Modern machines cannot ___40___ (complete) replace handwork. 27.【2024届南通暨苏北七市（扬泰徐淮连宿）高三第二次调研测试英语试题】____58____ (initial), Chinese knots acted as good -luck charms to drive away evil spirits. 28.【2024届江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷】____61____(basic), medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment, protecting people against infections. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 击破形容词副词专项语法训练 击破目录 第一部分 形容词副词基础知识网络 一．近年高考题中出现形容词副词考点统计表 1 二．形容词副词的基本知识 2 （一）形容词部分 2 （二）副词部分 10 （三）形容词和副词的比较等级 15 第二部分 形容词副词的考点考法 22 一．形容词 22 二．副词 22 三．形容词副词的比较等级 23 四．分词形容词的区别 23 第三部分 形容词副词考点练透 24 一．高考真题61题 24 二．高考模拟试题37题 40 第1部分 形容词副词基础知识网络 一．近3年高考题中出现形容词副词考点统计表 时间 卷次 语法填空 合计 20 24年 新高考I卷 create this protective 57 (function) structure(答案为functional) the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. (答案为closed) 2 新高考II卷 0 全国甲卷 Yellowstone was the 69 ( large) United States national park (答案为largest) 1 全国乙卷 0 北京卷 0 浙江卷 0 20 23年 新高考I卷 dumpling wrappers, encasing hot,   36     (taste) soup (答案为tasty) one steamer is    44     (rare) enough(答案为rarely) 2 新高考II卷 feel more comfortable and   37    (confidence) speaking English(答案为confident) 43    (basic), how to describe a panda’s life(答案为Basically) 2 全国甲卷    67    (difference) from traditional fables(答案为Different) 1 全国乙卷 The    69    (remark) development of this city(答案为remarkable) 1 北京卷 all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time(答案为exactly) 1 浙江卷 The term “hutong”,        (original)meaning “water well”(答案为originally) lined by        (space) homes and walled gardens(答案为spacious) Their siheyuan were far smaller and           (simple)(答案为simpler) 3 20 22年 新高考I卷 The main goal is to ___ (eventual) achieve a desired level(答案为eventually) 1 新高考II卷 They both fell _______ (sleep)(答案为asleep) he __________ (accidental ) slipped (答案为accidentally) 2 全国甲卷 this will make the trip even more ___________ (meaning).(答案为meaningful) Kilimanjaro, Africa’s _________ (high) mountain(答案为highest) 2 全国乙卷 the____(large)tea-producing country(答案为largest) build a community with a ____ (share) future (答案为shared) 2 北京卷 it is getting even     19   (bad)(答案为worse) 1 浙江卷1月 ____（rough）200 academics have promised to fly (答案为roughly) 1 二．形容词副词的基本知识 形容词是用来描写或修饰名词(或代词)的词。副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词。 （一）形容词部分 1.形容词的基本形式 （1）本身即形容词的词(如red，glad,nice ) （2）由“名词+-y”构成的形容词 这类词有时需要双写词尾。 例如: sun--sunny 阳光充足的 wind--windy多风的 fun-funny 有趣的 fog--foggy 有雾的 health--healthy健康的 rain-rainy 多雨的 （3）加后缀-able，-al,-en,-ent,-ish,-ive, -ful,-ous，-ly等构成的形容词 advise-advisable 明智的comfort-comfortable舒适的 nation-national 国家的;全国性的;国内的 wood-wooden 木制的 education-educational教育的 gold-golden 金色的;金黄色的 differ--different不同的 insist--insistent 坚持的;坚决要求的 self--selfish自私的 child-childish孩子气的 attract--attractive 吸引人的 impress-impressive印象深刻的 power-powerful 强大的 success--successful成功的 danger-dangerous 危险的 fame-famous 著名的 friend-friendly 友好的 time--timely 及时的 cost--costly 昂贵的 year--yearly 每年的 (4 )由分词转化而来的形容词 分词作表语或定语时,现在分词多表示主语或被修饰词所具有的特征,基本含义是“令人……的”,常修饰物;过去分词多表示主语或被修饰词所处的状态,基本含义是“感到……的”,常修饰人。 常见的该类形容词有: exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 兴奋的 boring 乏味的;令人厌烦的 bored 厌烦的 interesting有趣的 interested 感兴趣的 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失望的;沮丧的 surprising 使人惊讶的 surprised 惊讶的 pleasing 令人高兴的 pleased 高兴的 satisfying 令人满意的 satisfied 满意的 tiring使人疲劳的 tired 疲劳的 relaxing 令人放松的 relaxed 放松的 amazing 令人惊奇的 amazed 惊奇的 worrying 令人担忧的 worried 担心的;担忧的 frightening令人害怕的 frightened 受惊的 exhausting 令人筋疲力尽的 exhausted 筋疲力尽的 例如: He achieved an amazing success.他取得了令人惊异的成功。 The surprising fact made her really surprised. 这一令人惊讶的事实使她十分吃惊。 (5)复合形容词 复合形容词就是两个或两个以上的词构成一个形容词,通常复合形容词只作定语。最常见的构成方式有以下几种: 构成方式 例词 构成方式 数词+名词 (+形容词) five-year 五年的、800-meter-long 800米长的 数词+名词(+形容词) 数词+名词-ed   three-legged 三条腿的 数词+名词-ed   形容词+名词-ed warm-hearted 热心肠的、middle-aged 中年的 形容词+名词-ed 形容词+现在分词 easy-going 随和的、free-thinking思想自由 形容词+现在分词 形容词+过去分词 new-born 新生的、hard-won 来之不易的 形容词+过去分词 形容词+形容词 red-hot炽热的 形容词+形容词 名词+形容词 duty-free 免税的、world-famous 世界著名 名词+形容词 名词+现在分词 peace-loving热爱和平的、epoch-making划时代的 名词+现在分词 名词+过去分词 man-made 人造的、state-owned 国营的 名词+过去分词 副词+现在分词 far-reaching影响深远的、farseeing 目光长远的 副词+现在分词 副词+过去分词 well-educated 受过良好教育的、deep-set 深陷的 副词+过去分词 其他方式 first-rate 第一流的、overall 总体的、ace-to-face 面对面的、happy-go-lucky 无忧无虑的      其他方式 2.形容词的句法功能 (1)作定语,修饰名词,说明其性质、特征等 例如: A straightforward talk is better than a flowery speech. 巧言不如直说。 The research lacks solid evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.该项研究缺乏实证,因此所得出的结论还有待考证。 (2)作表语,跟在系动词be, feel, look , get, turn, become 等后,说明主语的性质、特征、状况等 例如: If it is convenient for you, I'll visit you next Tuesday.如果你方便的话,我下星期二去看你。 Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty , a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.韦尔蒂一个穿着素净灰色长裙的苗条女人,坐在她房间的沙发上,看起来对这个解释很满意。 (3)作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语的性质、状态或特征等 例如: His attitude made him very unpopular with colleagues. 他的态度使他很不受同事欢迎。 My explanation seemed to make things worse, which started to drive me mad as well. 我的解释好像使事情更糟了,这也开始把我逼疯了。 (4)作主语补足语,补充说明主语的性质、状态或特征等,一般位于 使用被动语态的动词后 例如: Youth sport programs have long been considered important to the youth's psychosocial development.青年运动计划长期以来一直被认为对年轻人的社会心理发展很重要。 (5)作状语,修饰全句,表示原因、伴随、结果或方式等,可位于句首、句中或句末 例如: Afraid of being late, she got up at five o'clock in the morning. 她担心迟到,早上5点钟就起了床。(原因状语) After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired. 经过长途跋涉后,他们三个人又累又饿地回了家。(结果状语) 3.形容词的位置 (1)形容词可置于名词前 多数情况下形容词放在所修饰的名词前,作前置定语,名词既可以是可数的,也可以是不可数的;既可以是单数,也可以是复数。 例如: an interesting story一个有趣的故事 three difficult questions三道难题 an expressive glance含情脉脉的一瞥 delicious food 可口的食物 (2)形容词可置于名词或代词后 ①形容词修饰由any-, some-, every-, no-, -body, -thing，-one 构成的不定代词时,一般只能后置。 例如: There is something wrong with the TV.电视出毛病了。 The doctors did everything possible to save the young man. 医生们做了他们能做的一切去抢救那名年轻男子。 [注意] 我们有时可见到形容词修饰something而前置的例子,这是因 为something前有定冠词而使其名词化的缘故。例如: On the table was the magic something that they were eager to research.桌子上神奇的东西就是他们极力想研究的。 ②表语形容词afraid, alive, alone , asleep , awake, worth 等作定语修饰名词或代词时,常置于被修饰词的后面 例如: He is the most famous scientist alive in the world today. 他是当今世界上在世的最著名的科学家。 The baby still asleep might be awake very soon. 仍在熟睡的婴儿可能马上就会醒来。 ③当old, long，high，wide，deep等词附有数量词短语作定语时,需后置 例如: There are many buildings over 20 stories high. 有许多20多层高的楼房。 ④形容词 enough 修饰名词,通常放在名词前。 例如: enough food 足够的食物 enough people足够的人手 【知识拓展】 有些形容词作前置定语和后置定语的意义不同 例如: a concerned look关注的神情 an involved story复杂的故事 the comrades concerned有关的同志 the issues involved有关问题 the responsible man可依赖的人 the present problem目前的问题 the man responsible 应负责的人 the people present at the meeting出席会议的人 the absent student心不在焉的学生 the student absent 缺席的学生 (5)用and或or 连接的形容词短语修饰名词,形容词短语一般后置 例如: All the people on this island, young or old, are all fond of music. 这个岛上的所有人,无论老少,都喜欢音乐。 （四）多个形容词修饰名词时的排列顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时,这些形容词的位置由它们和被修饰名词的关系密切程度来决定。一般说来，关系最密切的最靠近被修饰的名词,关系较远的离被修饰的名词也较远。其排列顺序如下表所示: 限定词 数词 形容词 中心词 限定代词 冠词、指示代词、不定代词、形容词性物主代词 序数词 基数词 描绘性形容词 表示大小、长短、形状等的形容词 表示新旧、老幼、温度等的形容词 表示颜色的形容词 表示国籍、产地的形容词 表示材料、质地的形容词 表示用途的词 名 词 all any such the  your this secondfourth one four ugly good large short new cool black yellow Chinese foreign silk wooden medical shoes a unique Olympic torch relay 一次别开生面的奥运圣火接力传递 【注意】 两个或两个以上的形容词修饰名词时，除用上述规则外,通常把音节短的形容词放在前面,音节长的形容词放在后面。 例如: He is a tall and powerful man.他是一个高大而有力的男人。 5.形容词的一些特殊用法 (1)某些以 a-开头的形容词一般作表语,称之为表语形容词 例如: I'm afraid I can't get there on time.我恐怕不能按时到达那里了。 I'm ashamed to have behaved so badly at your party.我很惭愧在你的聚会上举止如此恶劣。 [注意] 表语形容词不可直接用very 来修饰,但可用其他表示程度的副词来修饰。 例如: fast asleep熟睡的 wide awake十分清醒的 greatly ashamed非常羞愧的 (2)一些表示健康状况或感觉反应的形容词一般只可作表语 常见的此类词有: content 满意的 glad 高兴的 pleased 愉快的 sorry歉疚的 well 状态良好的 unable 未能的 例如: He is content just to sit in front of the television all day. 他只要整天坐在电视机前就心满意足了。 He is glad to hear that his mother is going to see him this Sunday. 听到妈妈这个星期天要来看他,他很高兴。 (3)一些形容词只可作定语,而不可作表语 常见的此类词有: only 仅有的 inner 内部的 upper上面的 latter 后者的 former 从前的 elder 年长的 (4)一些形容词作表语时,主语不能为“人”,通常用 it 作形式主 语, 而将真正的主语后置 常见的此类词有: necessary必要的 unnecessary不必要的 possible可能的 impossible不可能的 important重要的 unimportant不重要的 difficult困难的 dangerous危险的 useful有用的 pleasant愉快的 例如: It is impossible for me to be there before eight. 我在八点之前不可能赶到那里。 It's dangerous for a driver to drive at night.司机夜间驾车有危险。 有些形容词可与定冠词the 连用,相当于名词,泛指一类人或事物 例如: The old are respected in our country.在我国老年人受到尊重。(the old 泛指老人) The doctor used to help the poor.这个医生过去经常帮助穷人。(the poor泛指穷人) （二）副词部分 1.副词的基本形式 (1)本身即副词,如 now, rather,very, there, how, when, too 等 (2)由“形容词+-ly”构成的副词 ①有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词。 dead 死的一deadly 致命的、live 活的一lively 活泼的、friend 朋友 friendly 友好的 ②有些以-ly 结尾的词既可以作名词,也可作形容词,还可作副词。 weekly n.周刊 ；adj.一周一次的；adv.一周一次地 ③有些词除自身可以作副词外,还有另一种形式的副词。 hard 努力地;艰难地 hardly几乎不； late迟;晚 lately 最近;近来； near 在附近 nearly几乎;差不多； free免费地 freely 自由地;畅通地 close紧密地 closely 严密地;密切地； high 在高处;高高地 highly 很;非常;高度地 wide 广阔地;充分地 widely 广泛地;普遍地； deep 深深地;在深处 deeply 深刻地;深沉地 dead 完全地;非常 deadly 非常； fair公平地 fairly相当地 I couldn't convince him no matter how hard I tried. 不管我怎么努力,都说服不了他。 She lives in Spain, so we hardly ever see her. 她住在西班牙,所以我们几乎见不到她。 He kicked the ball high into the air.他把球高高地踢向空中。 We all think highly of him.我们都对他评价很高。 (3)与形容词形式相同的副词 单词 形容词词义 副词词义 单词 early 早的 早 early late 晚的 晚 late very 正是的 非常,很 very fast 快的 迅速地 fast straight 直的 径直 straight hard 硬的 努力地 hard enough 足够的 足够地 enough long 长的 长时间地 long 2.副词的句法功能 (1)作状语 副词作状语,修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子等 Men and women must be treated equally in education and employment. 男性和女性应该在教育和就业上被平等地对待。(修饰动词) I'm not much good at tennis.我不太擅长打网球。(修饰形容词) That's exactly what we've been trying to tell you. 那正是我们一直想告诉你的。(修饰从句) They did very well this season and so entered a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. 他们这一赛季表现得非常好,所以进入了通常只有更有技术的俱乐部球队才能参加的锦标赛。(修饰副词) Fortunately,everything worked out all right in the end. 幸运的是,最后一切顺利。(修饰整个句子) 一般位于系动词后,主要指主语的方位、方向、动作情况 When the meeting is over, give me a phone call. 会议结束时,给我打个电话。 Sorry, I have to be off now.对不起,我现在就得走了。 (3)作介词宾语(主要用于 from 后) The men were watching us from above the trees.那些人正从树上往下注视着我们。 (4)作定语 表示时间和地点的副词,如 here , there, in, out, up, down, below, above,upstairs,downstairs, indoors, outdoors , now, then等,可作定语,放在被修饰词之后。 Are you content with the life here?你对这儿的生活满意吗? The people there are very kind to visitors.那儿的人对游客很友好。 【知识拓展】 (1)有些副词可修饰名词,用以加强语气。常用的这类副词有quite ,rather,even等。 He spent quite a long time there.他在那儿待了很长时间。 Even a child won't believe such words you said. 就连孩子也不会相信你说的这些话。 (2)有些副词可修饰部分不定代词或数词。常见的副词有almost, nearly , roughly 等。 Nearly everybody came to our party. 几乎所有的人都来参加我们的聚会了。 Virtually all the students participated in the discussion. 实际上所有的学生都参加了讨论。 (5)作补语 说明宾语或主语的位置、状态等 判断补语类型（宾语补足语or主语补足语） Keep the fire on for a few minutes.让火持续几分钟。作宾语补足语 The boy was seen upstairs.有人看见那个男孩在楼上。作主语补足语 3.副词的位置 (1)修饰形容词和其他的副词时,一般放在被修饰词之前 Computers work much faster than before. 计算机的运行速度比以前快多了。 Green products are becoming more and more popular because they are environmentally friendly. 绿色产品越来越受欢迎,因为它们很环保。 【注意】enough 作副词时,总是置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。 Students brave enough to take the adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. 有足够勇气参加这门历险课程的学生一定会学到很多有用的技能。 Strangely enough, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.说来奇怪,一些著名的科学家具有细心和粗心的双重特点。 (2)修饰动词时,一般放在被修饰词之后 We used to see each other regularly, but I haven't heard from him since last year. 我们过去经常见面，但从去年起我就没有他的消息了。 (3)频度副词的位置 表示频度的副词always,often，usually, never, almost, frequently，sometimes,seldom等常放在行为动词之前、系动词之后;句子有助动词时,则放在其后;有多个助动词时,则置于第一个助动词之后 She'd always assumed that Gabriel was a girl's name.她一直认为加布里埃尔是个女孩名字。 Old houses are often damp.老房子大多都潮湿。 (4)地点副词的位置 表示地点的副词,一般来说经常置于句末,此外往往紧跟在动词(+宾语)后,偶尔也可以放在句首(尤其是 here 和there) We should often walk outdoors for fresh air.我们应该经常到户外走走,呼吸新鲜空气。 Here you can find whatever kind of book you want.在这里你可以找到各种你想要的书。 【注意】 时间副词和地点副词同时出现时，地点副词常位于时间副词之前。Mr.Brown drove his car quickly outside then.那时布朗先生很快开车出去了。 【注意】副词顺序： 表示程度的副词→表示状态的副词→表示地点的副词→表示时间的副词 （5)句子副词的位置 句子副词用来对句子中陈述的观点进行评价,或起到连接上下文的作用,常常置于句首,其后常有逗号与句子隔开。 Surprisingly, they agreed to all our demands. 令人惊讶的是,他们答应了我们所有的要求。 （三）形容词和副词的比较等级 1.比较级和最高级的构成 大多数形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级。原级即形容词或副词的原形，比较级和最高级的构成如下 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er，-est tall 高的 taller tallest 以不发音的e结尾时,在词尾加-r，-st  large 大的 nice 好的 larger nicer largest nicest 以“辅音字母+-y”结尾的双音节词,变-y为-i,再加-er，-est easy 容易的 happy 高兴的 easier happier easiest happiest 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的单音节词或少数双音节词,双写词尾的辅音字母,再加-er，-est big 大的 hot 热的 thin 瘦的 bigger hotter thinner biggest hottest thinnest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在原级前加more,most  important 重要的quickly 迅速地  more important more quickly most important most quickly 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good 好的 well健康的 better best bad 坏的 badly坏地 ill 有病的 worse worst old 老的 older/elder oldest/eldest much/many 许多 more most little 少 less least far 远的/远地 farther/further farthest/furthest late 晚的/晚 later latest 3.有两种构成方法的词 有少数几个双音节词以及以-er 及-le 结尾的词，可以有两种 比较级和最高级。 原级 比较级 最高级 cruel残忍的 crueler/more cruel cruelest/most cruel friendly 友好的 friendlier/more friendly friendliest/most friendly strict 严格的 stricter/more strict strictest/most strict common 常见的,普遍的 commoner/more common commonest/most common clever 聪明的 cleverer/more clever cleverest/more clever simple 简单的 simpler/more simple simplest/most simple 4.比较等级的用法 （1）原级的用法 ①在肯定句中,两者相比(甲=乙),用“as+原级+as”或“the same+对应的名词形式+as”表示。 This kind of language appeared as early as the Stone Age.这种语言最早出现在石器时代。 Jensen's house is about the same size as ours.詹森的房子和我们的差不多大。 ②在否定句中,两者相比(甲<乙),用“not as/so+原级+as”表示。 I didn't do my homework so/as carefully as you.我做作业不如你仔细。 He was not so foolish as I thought.他并非像我想的那样笨。 如果第一个as/so后的形容词作定语修饰单数可数名词,冠词应置于形容词之后、可数名词之前。 It is generally believed that teaching is as attractive an art as it is a science. 人们普遍认为,教学是一门迷人的学科,同时也是一门迷人的艺术。 She has as charming a face as her grandmother.她长得和她祖母一样迷人。 ③“as+原级+as+数量词”相当于“数量词+形容词”。 The bridge is as wide as 10 meters. =The bridge is 10 meters wide.这座桥有十米宽。 ④表示“是……的几倍”时,用“倍数+as+原级+as”来表示。 The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one.为举办下一届亚运会而正在修建的新体育馆将会是现有体育馆的三倍大。 ⑤一些看似平级比较结构的固定习惯用语。 这些用语实则没有比较含义 as/so long as 只要 as far as 就……而言 as soon as -……就 as well as 和 as good as ( =very nearly)与……几乎一样;简直 I will work as/so long as I live.只要活着,我就要工作。 As far as I know, he is a reliable person. 据我所知,他是一个可靠的人。 （2）比较级的用法 比较级表示的是两个人或物中“一个比另一个更……”,也可用于两部分之间的比较。 (1)两者相比,用“比较级+than”表示。 The plan turned out better than we had expected. 这个计划结果比我们预料的要好。 Anthony is out of shape. I can run faster and farther than he. 安东尼身体不好,我能跑得比他更快更远。 【注意】 ①比较的对象应该是同类。 The climate here is warmer than that of Shanghai. 这里的气候比上海的暖和。 The radios made in our factory are better than those( made) in your factory. 我们厂生产的收音机比你们厂的好。 ②than 后可跟名词、代词、形容词、不定式(短语)、状语从句等。than连接的比较状语从句常常省略同主句相同的部分。在口语中,than后的人称代词作主语时常用宾格代替主格;如果than 后的人称代词与动词连用,应用人称代词的主格。 I am a better swimmer than he ( is).我游泳比他好。 He is younger than me.他比我年轻。(口语) (2)表示“两个人/物之间比较……的”,用“the+比较级+n./pron.+of+the two+名词复数”结构。 Bob is the taller one of the two boys.鲍勃是两个男孩中较高的一个。 Of the two sisters , Betty is the younger one , and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.两姐妹中,贝蒂是妹妹,而且她也是爱安静的那一个。 (3)表示本身程度的改变,用“比较级+and+比较级”结构,译作“越来越……”。 The weather is getting warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和。 The farmers in my hometown are becoming richer and richer now. 我家乡的农民现在越来越富裕了。 (4)表示一方随另一方程度变化时,用“the+比较级...，the+比较级..”结构,译作“越……,就越……”。 The more we know each other, the better we understand each other. 我们之间了解越多,就越能互相理解。 As far as the hard disk is concerned, the bigger the better. 就硬盘而言,容量越大越好。 (5)用介词by 表示相差的程度。 She is taller than Betty by three inches.=She is three inches taller than Betty.她比贝蒂高三英寸。 (6)表示“是……的几倍”时,用“倍数+比较级+than...”表示。 Our classroom is three times larger than yours. 我们的教室是你们教室的三倍大。 【注意】 “more than+主语+can+谓语”结构表否定意义,意为“非……所能……”。 That is more than I can tell you.那是我不能告诉你的。 The beauty of the mountain is more than I can describe. 这座山的美非我所能描述。 （3）最高级的用法 表示三者或三者以上中之最,用形容词、副词的最高级。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前的 the 可省略。 (1)常用的结构为:sb./sth.+be+the+形容词最高级(+名词)+表范围的短语 This novel was once the most widely read book in high schools in the United States.这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。 Yesterday was the hottest day of the year.昨天是一年中最热的一天。 (2)用比较级的形式,表达最高级的含义。 这类句型常用的结构为: 比较级+than+any other+单数名词 比较级+than+all the other+复数名词 比较级+than+anyone else 比较级+than+any of the other+复数名词 比较级+than+the rest of+复数名词/不可数名词 比较级+than+any+可数名词单数(不同范围) (3)“否定词+比较级”或“否定词+such/so+原级+as”结构表示最高级含义。 He has never spent a more worrying day.他度过了最担心的一天。 Nothing is so easy as this.没有什么比这个更容易。 （五）比较级和最高级的修饰语 1.用 much , far, rather, still , even, a lot, a bit, a little, a great deal, no, any, by far 等来修饰形容词和副词的比较级 2.“否定词+比较级”或“否定词+such/so+原级+as”结构表示最高级含义。 The number of people present at the concert was much smaller than expected. There were many tickets left.出席音乐会的人数要比预期的少得多,许多票没有卖出去。 You're driving too fast. Can you drive a bit more slowly?你开得太快了,能稍微慢点吗? Could you please speak a little more loudly so that I can hear you? 你能否说得稍微大声一点,以便我能听到你? 【注意】more 不可修饰比较级,但可用 much 来加强比较级。 3.“否定词+比较级”或“否定词+such/so+原级+as”结构表示最高级含义。 The Yellow River is the second largest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。 Nikolai's English was much the worst.尼柯莱的英语糟糕透了。 （六）与 more/less than有关的表达 1.more than (1) more than=over ,意为“多于,超过” I have collected more than 200 stamps.我已经收集了200多张邮 票了。 (2)more than = very ,意为“很,非常” He was more than angry at the news.听到那则消息他非常生气。 (3) more than 意为“不仅” He is more than a policeman.他不仅是一名警察。 (4)一个人的两种状态或特征的比较,用“more...than...”表达，意为“与其说……不如说……” That girl is more hard-working than lucky. 与其说那个姑娘幸运,不如说她勤奋。 The child was more frightened than hurt. 这个孩子的伤倒不算什么,只是受惊不小。 2.not more than, no more than not more than = at most, 意为“至多,不超过”; no more than=only, 意为“仅仅” There are not more than six people on the bus.公共汽车上的人不超过六个。 There are no more than six people on the bus.公共汽车上只有六个人。 3.less than, no less than less than 用在数词或冠词前,意为“不到,少于”; no less than 意为“多达,不少于”。 Less than fifty people attended the meeting. 不足50人参加了那次会议。 The prize was no less than 2 million dollars.奖金高达两百万美元。 第三部分 形容词副词考点考法 一、形容词 句法作用： （一）作定语 As _______(nature) architects, …（答案为natural） （二）作表语 ... it’s always _________ (energy). （答案为energetic） （三）作补语 I find it ________(difficulty) to adapt to the environment. （答案为difficult） 二、副词 句法作用：作状语 （1） 修饰动词 The title will be ________ (official) given to me... （答案为officially） （2） 修饰形容词 The house had a ______(fair) large garden （答案为fairly） （3） 修饰介词短语 She left ________(short) after the meeting. （答案为shortly） （四）修饰全句 _____________ (immediate), I raised my hand. （答案为Immediately） （五）修饰状语从句 Noise is unpleasant, ________ (especial) when you are trying to sleep. （答案为especially） 三、比较等级 （一）比较级 ... runners live three years _____ (long) than non-runners. （答案为longer） （二）最高级 He screams the ______ (loud) of all. （答案为loudest） 四、分词形容词的区别 （一）-ed (人) 感到……的They are _______ (interest) in writing. （答案为interested） （二）-ing (事物) 令人……的 The story is very ________(interest). （答案为interesting） 第三部分 非谓语动词的时态和语态考点练透 一．近年高考真题61题 1.【2024新课标I卷】The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。 2.【2024新课标I卷】These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。 3.【2024全国甲卷】Yellowstone was the 69 ( large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空前有the，为形容词最高级标志词，结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知，用large的最高级largest作定语，故填largest。 4.（2023新高考I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot,   36     (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。 5.（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is    44     (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time. 【解析】考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。 6.（2023新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and    37    (confidence) speaking English. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 7.（2023新高考II卷）So, what are they learning?   43    (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 【解析】考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 8.（2023全国甲卷）   67    (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。 9.（2023全国甲卷）The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and ___________(beauty) on the stamps.(此题来由改错题改编) 【解析】考查形容词。句意：蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。系动词lovely后跟形容词beautiful，作表语。故填beautiful。 10.（2023全国乙卷）The    69    (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 11.（2023全国乙卷）However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she final got purple hair. 【解析】考查副词。句意：然而，她最终得到的不是她所希望的棕红色头发，而是紫色的头发。此处修饰动词got，应用副词，作状语。故final改为finally。 12.（2023全国乙卷）At least one thing proved truth: the color wouldn’t wash out. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：至少有一件事被证明是正确的：这种颜色洗不掉。prove为系动词，表示“证明是”，后接形容词。故truth改为true。 13.【2023年北京卷】Soon after moving to Switzerland, I threw a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time. 【解析】考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。此处修饰介词短语on time，应用副词exactly，作状语。故填exactly。 14.（2023浙江1月卷）The term “hutong”,           (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 【解析】考查副词。句意：“胡同”起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。 15.（2023浙江1月卷） The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by           (space) homes and walled gardens. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 16. （2023浙江1月卷）Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and           (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。 17．（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and __________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 【解析】考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。 18.（2022新高考II卷）They both fell __________ (sleep) while watching TV. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。 19.（2022新高考II卷）When he looked down, he __________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 【解析】考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。 20.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___________ (meaning). 【解析】考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。 21.（2022全国甲卷）and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s _________ (high) mountain. 【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。 22.（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the _________ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。 23.【2022年北京卷】That’s a big problem and it is getting even     19     (bad). 【解析】考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。 24.（2022年浙江卷1月）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 【解析】考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。 25.（2021全国I卷）It will ___________（undoubted） help you get refreshed! 【解析】考查副词。句意为：它无疑会帮助你恢复精力！修饰动词,所以用副词,故填undoubtedly. 26.（2021全国I卷）The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the___________(hot) the spring! 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意为：春天的神奇之处在于温度越低,春天就越热！本句为固定句型：the+比较级, the+比较级,表示"越……越……",故填hotter. 27.（2021全国I卷）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ___________(ache) legs. 【解析】考查形容词。句意为：虽然这是你上山途中唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并提供了一个地方,你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的腿。ache和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作定语,故填aching. 28.（2021全国高考II卷）I told him how __________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。 29.（2021全国甲卷）After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___________ (good) than to ride on a piece of history! 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。 30.（2021全国甲卷）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their __________ (day) routines. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。 31.（2021全国乙卷）It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___________ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。 32.（2021全国乙卷）Provide _________(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid，finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。 33.（2021年北京卷）Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____（safe） wait for the police to take her home． 【解析】考查副词。句意：山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店，这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语，故填safely。 34.（2021年浙江卷）When the house was built, it was much __________ （small）than it is today. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处考查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than，提示词small的比较级形式为smaller。故填smaller。 35.（2021年浙江卷1月）But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed ______(sharp). 【解析】考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知，sharp是要修饰动词narrow，用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。 36.（2021年浙江卷1月）This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including ________ (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，including说明的是一些不利条件，且后面有higher和fewer，是并列关系，所以low也应该用比较级形式，故填lower。 37.（2020全国I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is __________ (extreme) challenging. 【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。 38.（2020全国II卷）___________ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. 【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。 39.（2020全国II卷）Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The___________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。 40．（2020全国III卷）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their __________ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. 【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。 41.（2020全国III卷）As the small boat moved, _________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 【解析】考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。 42.（2020北京卷）Oliver says if you're______(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them if you can join in when it's possible. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。 43.（2020北京卷）They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were______（smart）than the Neanderthals. 【解析】考查形容词的比较级。句意：但长期以来，人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。设空处前为were设空处应用形容词，设空处后的than表示比较，应用比较级。故答案为smarter。 44.（2020年浙江卷1月）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes _________(old) than before. 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。根据下文than before可知应用形容词比较级，故填older。 45.（2020年浙江卷1月）This is___________(particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. 【解析】考查副词。句意：在美国尤其如此。此处修饰形容词true应用副词，故填particularly。 46.（2020年山东卷）In the 18th and 19th centuries, __________ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. 【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。 47.（2019全国I卷）It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ________ (poor) studied 【解析】考查副词用法。句意：很难计算出全球北极熊的数量，因为大部分地区的研究都很缺乏。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。 48.（2019全国I卷）Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements,leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are ________ (high) than they actually are. 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：科学家对此的回应是，饥饿的熊可能聚集在人类居住区周围（聚集），导致人们产生一种错觉（错觉），认为熊的数量比实际数量要多。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。 49.（2019全国II卷）Her years of hard work have ________（final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year. 【解析】考查副词用法。句意：她多年的辛勤工作终于得到了认可，一位顾客提名她（提名）为柴郡年度女性。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。 50.（2019全国II卷）It's ___________(wonder）. 【解析】考查形容词作表语。句意：这是美妙的。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。 51.（2019全国III卷）They also shared with us many _________ (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were _________ (huge) popular with tourists. 【解析】考查形容词/副词。句意：他们还和我们分享了许多关于夏威夷的传统故事，这些故事非常受游客欢迎。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故填traditional；空格处单词修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。 52.（2019北京卷）Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ___________(meaning) college experience. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：在考虑上哪所大学之前，学生应该对大学有一个正确的态度，为健康而有意义的大学生活做必要的准备永远不会太早。这里与前面的healthy并列，修饰后面的名词college experience，故此处也要用形容词。故填meaningful。 53.（2019年浙江卷）When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can _______ (easy) see them. 【解析】考查副词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早上走路或骑车时，小汽车的司机能很容易地看到他们。分析句式可知，设空处所给词是修饰动词see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy的副词形式。故填easily。 54.（2019年浙江卷）School uniforms are ___________(tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不用穿校服。这里作表语，常用形容词，tradition是名词，因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditional。 55．（2018全国I卷）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years __________ (long) than non-runners. 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：根据医学杂志上的一项证据综述，跑步者的寿命比不跑步的人长3岁。后面有than，所以用比较级。故填longer。 56.（2018全国I卷）Running is cheap, easy and it's always____________(energy). 【解析】考查形容词。句意：跑步既便宜又容易，而且总是充满活力。作表语，所以用形容词。故填energetic。 57．（2018全国II卷）A taste for meat is _____________  (actual) behind the change. 【解析】考查副词。句意：这种变化的背后其实是对肉类的喜爱。修饰句子用副词。故填actually。 58.（2018全国II卷）According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _________ (globe) fertilizer consumption. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：根据世界银行的数据，中国约占全球化肥消费总量的30%。修饰名词用形容词。故填global。 59.（2018全国III卷）He screams the __________ (loud) of all. 【解析】考查最高级。句意：他叫得最响。后面有表示范围的词of all，所以用最高级。故填loudest。 60．（2018年浙江卷）The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be ________(afford) but doing this most days adds up. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：最明显的一个是钱；每周在外面吃一到两次也许是可以负担得起的，但大多数时候这样做会增加。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”，故填affordable。 61.（2018年浙江卷）There could be an even _________ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight problems. 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：你的健康可能会付出更高的代价。研究人员发现，在外面吃的食物的增加和体重问题的增加之间存在直接联系。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，even表示程度，修饰比较级，故填higher。 二．高考模拟题28题 1.【2024·广东高三·二模】The Parade, featuring various performances, including lion and dragon dances, martial arts, and traditional costumes, takes place 2 (annual) during the autumn season, usually in October or November. 【解析】考查副词。句意：每年秋季(通常在十月或十一月)举行的巡游，包括舞狮、舞龙、武术和传统服饰等表演。此处应用副词annually作状语，修饰动词短语take place，故填annually。 2.【23-24广东部分名校·二模】Strong leg muscles are a must to tackle the mountains, or you can stick to some of the 15 (flat) coast roads than the mountain roads. 【解析】考查比较级。句意：强壮的腿部肌肉是必须的，以解决山区，或者你可以坚持一些平坦的沿海道路比山路。根后文“than the mountain roads”可知应用形容词的比较级。故填flatter。 3.【23-24广东部分名校·二模】You can rent bicycles in most tourist hangouts, but they are not as 18 (wide) available as cars and motorcycles. 【解析】考查副词。句意：你可以在大多数旅游景点租到自行车，但它们不像汽车和摩托车那么普遍。修饰形容词available应用副词widely，故填widely。 4.【2024·广东肇庆·二模】The benefits of exercise are endless: a healthier body together with a slimmer figure and a 26 (happy) mood. 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：运动的好处是无穷无尽的：一个更健康的身体，一个更苗条的身材和一个更快乐的心情。结合句意可知，本空用形容词比较级happier“更快乐”，a happier mood与空前的a healthier body和a slimmer figure并列。故填happier。 5.【2024·广东肇庆·二模】“What I like about this place is that newcomers are always welcome. Everyone in the park feels 30 (include), ” said Feng. It is like a chorus of life. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：冯说：“我喜欢这个地方的原因是，新来的人总是受到欢迎的。公园里的每个人都有归属感。”分析句子结构可知，本空用形容词included“包括在内的”，作表语。故填included。 6.【2024·广东佛山·二模】She was full of praise 31 a special structure which 32 (successful) protected Yuanrendong Cave from an unusual rainstorm in July. 【解析】考查副词。句意：她对一个特殊的结构大加赞赏，该结构成功地保护了元人洞，使其免受7月份一场不寻常的暴雨的侵袭。本空应填副词successfully“成功地”，作状语，修饰动词protected。故填successfully。 7.【2024·广东佛山·二模】Organized by various organizations, the forum brought together some 50 professionals to discuss the protection and 37 (sustain) development of heritage sites. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：论坛由多个组织主办，聚集了约50位专业人士，讨论文物保护和可持续发展的问题。本空用形容词sustainable“可持续的”，作定语，修饰development。故填sustainable。 8.【2024·广东广州·二模】Chinese tea falls into six categories, 45 (name) green tea, white tea, yellow tea, oolong tea, black tea and dark tea, based on different production methods and fermentation (发酵) degrees. 【解析】考查副词。句意：根据不同的生产方法和发酵条件，中国茶可以分为五类，即绿茶、白茶、黄茶、乌龙茶和红茶。此处作状语，意为“也就是，即”，故应用副词namely作状语，故填namely。 9.【2024·广东韶关·二模】In the last two lines, the poet 55 (direct) points out that the rice we eat is the fruit of peasants’ hard work. 【解析】考查副词。句意：在最后两行诗中，诗人直接指出，我们吃的米饭是农民辛勤劳动的成果。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词修饰。故填directly。 10【2024·广东部分学校·模拟预测】As time passed, the 62 (origin) dance developed, taking in various artistic forms and skills, including opera, acrobatics and martial arts, and eventually turned into the type of Yangko that/which is seen today. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：随着时间的推移，原始舞蹈不断演变，呈现出各种艺术形式和技巧。形容词作定语，修饰名词。故填original。 11.【2024·广东部分学校·模拟预测】It is 65 (common) performed in northern China during festivals, especially for Chinese New Year and the Lantern Festival. 【解析】考查副词。句意：人们经常在节日期间表演这种舞蹈，尤其是在春节和农历正月的元宵节。副词作状语修饰动词。故填commonly。 12.【2024·广东湛江·二模】No structure is as symbolically significant or 71 (cultural) important to China as the Great Wall. 【解析】考查副词。句意：对中国来说，没有一座建筑像长城那样具有象征意义或文化意义。分析句子可知，此处修饰形容词，所以要用副词。故填culturally。 13.【2024·广东湛江·二模】A laborer explains 76 he risks his life to make repairs to the ancient structure, saying that it is an honor to be part of such a great cause, and it is very 77 (meaning) to do so. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：一名工人解释了他为什么冒着生命危险来修复这座古老的建筑，他说能成为这样一项伟大事业的一部分是一种荣誉，这样做非常有意义。根据空前的very可知，此处要用形容词作表语。故填meaningful。 14.【2024·广东梅州·二模】Lion dancing 96 (main) focuses on the performance of the lion dance, attaching much attention to movements like scratching an itch (抓痒), shaking the mane (鬃毛) and licking (舔) the hair. 【解析】考查副词。句意：舞狮主要以舞狮表演为主，注重抓痒、抖鬃毛、舔毛等动作。此处修饰动词focus，应用副词mainly，作状语。故填mainly。 15.【2024届浙江省台州市高三下学期二模英语试题】A figurine could cost 57 (basic) the annual salary of many people at the time due to precious materials and complicated handicraft techniques. 【解析】考查副词。句意：由于材料珍贵，工艺复杂，一个小雕像的成本相当于当时很多人的年薪。空处修饰空前的动词，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically。故填basically。 16.【2024届浙江省台州市高三下学期二模英语试题】These measures cut the price to less than a tenth of the 61 (origin) one. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这些措施把价格降到了原来的十分之一以下。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，origin的形容词形式是original。故填original。 17.【2024届浙江省湖州市、丽水市、衢州市三地市高三下学期二模英语试题】So the country's favorite go-to-movie snack was even 64 (available)and popular. 【解析】考查比较级。句意：因此，这个国家最受欢迎的电影小吃变得更容易买到，也更受欢迎。在even后形容词available应用比较级。根据前文“Things like chocolate and sugar were limited during the war while salt and popcorn kernels were never limited. (像巧克力和糖这样的东西在战争期间是限制的，而盐和爆米花仁则从来没有限制过。)”可知，此处是指更容易买到。故填more available。 18.【2024届浙江省杭州市高三下学期二模英语试题】56______ is it a good thing that we're relying on technology more often than not, recording every step we take? 【解析】考查连词。句意：但是，我们更多地依赖于技术，记录我们的每一步，这是一件好事吗?空前“We seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices. ”和空后"is it a good thing that we're relying on technology more often than not, recording every step we take?"之间为转折关系，用连词but连接；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填But。 19.【2024届浙江省杭州市高三下学期二模英语试题】The real questions surround not the 57______ (wear), but the wearer. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：真正的问题不在于可穿戴设备，而在于穿戴者本身。分析句子成分，根据句意可知，空处考查“定冠词+形容词”, 表示一类人或事物。本句指的是可穿戴设备，用the+wearable。故填wearable。 20.【2024届浙江省杭州市高三下学期二模英语试题】Depending on what those goals are, there might be ways to achieve them that are more cost 64 _______ (effect), more fun, more convenient. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：根据目标的不同，可能会有一些成本更低、更有趣、更方便的方法来实现这些目标。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词形式，和下文“fun、convenient”并列，作表语。故填effective。 21.【2024届浙江省绍兴市高三下学期二模英语试题】After over a decade of field research, Li ____39____(successful) completed the first draft of his masterpiece, Bencao Gangmu, or the Compendium of Materia Medica in 1578. 【解析】考查副词。句意：经过十多年的实地研究，李时珍于1578年成功完成了他的杰作《本草纲目》的初稿。空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填successfully。 22.【2024届浙江省绍兴市高三下学期二模英语试题】Today, there are a ____45____(grow) number of international exchanges centering on Li Shizhen and his book, and many people around the world can still find the wisdom of human development in this ancient classic. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：今天，以李时珍和他的著作为中心的国际交流越来越多，世界上许多人仍然可以从这部古老的经典中找到人类发展的智慧。空处修饰空后的名词number，应用形容词作定语，growing“增加的”，形容词。故填growing。 23.【2024届浙江省嘉兴市高三下学期4月二模英语试题】 Changing how you think about ___37___(emotion) events in this way can change how you feel about them. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：以这种方式改变你对情感事件的看法可以改变你对它们的感受。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要用形容词，修饰后面的名词events。故填emotional。 24.【2024届浙江省嘉兴市高三下学期4月二模英语试题】 ___39___(fortunate), getting a good friend’s perspective(见解) can help. 【解析】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，获得好朋友的见解会有帮助。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要用副词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Fortunately。 25.【2024届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三下学期二模英语试题】China has nearly 5, 000 years of ___36___ (record) history. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：中国有近5000年的历史记载。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，record和history之间是被动关系，应该用-ed形式，表达“有记录的历史”之意。故填recorded。 26.【2024届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三下学期二模英语试题】Classical furniture is mostly made by hand. Modern machines cannot ___40___ (complete) replace handwork. 【解析】考查副词。句意：现代机器不能完全取代手工。空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词。故填completely。 27.【2024届南通暨苏北七市（扬泰徐淮连宿）高三第二次调研测试英语试题】____58____ (initial), Chinese knots acted as good -luck charms to drive away evil spirits. 【解析】考查副词。句意：最初，中国结是作为驱邪的好运符。修饰后文句子应用副词initially，首字母大写。故填Initially。 28.【2024届江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷】____61____(basic), medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment, protecting people against infections. 【解析】考查副词。句意：基本上，药香可以杀死环境中的细菌，保护人们免受感染。分析句子，设空处使用basic的副词basically作状语，修饰句子，意为“基本上地”，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Basically。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$