话题专练(7) 环境保护(1)-【名校有约】2025年新高考新教材英语一轮单元强化检测示范卷

话题专练（七） 环境保护(1) I.阅读理解 A (2024届山东省实验中学高三模拟) For the past 13 years,Martin Burrows has been working as a long-distance truck driver. Spending up to five nights a week on the road can be a lonely business,leaving him with plenty of time to notice his surroundings."I kept seeing more rubbish everywhere and it was getting on my nerves.I decided I had to do something about it,"he says.One day,he stopped his vehicle, took out a trash bag and started picking up the garbage.The satisfaction after clearing a small area was remarkable. Before his time on the road,Burrows spent over two decades in the military as a vehicle driver.His service saw him stationed throughout Europe and also on tours in Afghanistan.After returning to civilian life,he was diagnosed with PTSD(创伤后应微障碍)and had a mental p 北 health crisis in 2017.His involvement in fundraising for Help for Heroes led him to meet a man who used model-building as a distraction from PTSD.Burrows realized that his act of roadside cleanup had a similar calming effect on his mental well-being. By 2019,Burrows had begun using his free time on the road to regularly clean up garbage. A passerby encouraged him to set up a Facebook group,which he called Truckers Cleaning Up 如 Britain."I was worried I'd be the laughing stock of my town for putting videos and photos up of 蚁 me cleaning but people started to join,"he says."I was amazed.The local council stepped in and gave me litter-picking supplies and we're up to almost 3,000 members now. Since truckers are so often on the move,the Facebook page acts as a means of raising awareness rather than a platform for organizing cleanups.Burrows expressed his intention to continue the cleanup efforts as long as his physical condition allowed,as he still found joy in the process. 黄 1.What initially caused Burrows to pick up roadside garbage? 御 A.He wanted to kill time by picking up litter. B.He aimed to raise fund for soldiers with PTSD. C.He felt annoyed to see the increasing rubbish. D.He received the assignment from his employer. 2.How did collecting roadside garbage affect Burrows'PTSD? A.It resulted in his embarrassment. B.It increased his sense of isolation. C.It worsened his stress and anxiety. D.It brought him comfort and relief. 49 3.What concerned Burrows when he started Truckers Cleaning Up Britain? A.He feared being teased for his action. B.He was lacking in advanced cleanup tools. C.He was unsure about the group's development. D.He worried about the local council's disapproval. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.A Joyful Volunteer Experience B.A Trucker's Cleanup Initiative C.A Fighting Hero against PTSD D.A Platform for Environmentalists B (2o24届河北省廊坊市部分重点高中联考)Every week,Angela looked at her recycling bin, filled with shampoo bottles and plastic containers,with mixed feelings.Sure,it was a lot of plastic,but it was going to be recycled.Or so she thought.Then,her husband sent her some articles revealing that less than 6%of the country's plastic gets recycled.She was shocked. Determined to cut back on her plastic consumption,Angela got a starter kit from a company selling refillable household cleaners(家用清洁器).In it were tablets,containing concentrated hand soap as well as glass and bathroom cleaners,and four empty containers.She filled each one with tap water,then dropped in a tablet and watched it dissolve.If she was happy with the cleaners,she would order more tablets but reuse the containers.No new plastic required. Given plastic's harmful effects on the environment,nearly three quarters of Americans say they are trying to reduce their reliance on single-use plastic,according to Pew Research Center. Since plastic is everywhere and avoiding it altogether is extraordinarily difficult,some,like Angela,have revived a once-customary practice:refilling containers.Household cleaners seem particularly prepared for a refill revolution,for many can be easily concentrated and reconstituted (with water.If just 10%to 20%of plastic packaging are reused,a report from the World Economic Forum estimates,the amount of plastic waste entering the ocean will be cut in half. Not everyone is as enthusiastic,though.Jan Dell,a chemical engineer,noted that many cleaning products are packaged in PET or HDPE,two types of plastic with relatively high recycling rates.So she is less concerned about them but far more concerned about the packaging of other products."What companies should be focusing on is everything else that isn't recyclable,that is single use and that often becomes plastic pollution,"she said,pointing to plastic bags and cups."This is just a classic example of big corporations doing something to attract people's attention over here on something that's not the main issue to distract from all the single-use plastic they're pushing out. 5.Why is Angela mentioned? A.To promote a tablet. B.To lead in the topic. C.To clarify a concept. D.To recommend a kit. 50- 6.What does the underlined word "dissolve"in paragraph 2 mean? A.Float over water. B.Turn over in water. C.Change color in water. D.Mix with water. 7.What's Jan Dell's attitude towards the deeds of big corporations? A.Critical. B.Favourable. C.Conservative. D.Unconcerned. 8.Where is the text probably taken from? A.A chemistry paper. B.An academic report. C.A lifestyle magazine. D.A cleaner advertisement. c (2024届四川省攀枝花市高三第一次统考)Forests give us shade,.quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change.Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce,we are threatening their ability to do so. The climate change we are quickening could one day leave us with forests that send out more carbon than they absorb. Thankfully,there is a way out of this trap -but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests thrive as valuable "carbon sinks"long into the future may require reducing their ability to absorb carbon now.California is leading the way,as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details. The state's proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest.This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying ability.But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture ()so they grow and thrive, fixing the forest's ability to pull carbon from the air.Healthy trees are also better able to be spared from insects.The landscape is less easily burnable.The need for such planning is increasingly urgent.Already,since 2010.drought and insects have killed over 100 million trees in California,most of them in 2016 alone,and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres. California plans to treat 35,000 acres of forest a year by 2020,and 60,000 by 2030- financed from the profit of the state's emissions(排放)-permit auctions(拍卖).That's only a small share of the total land area that could benefit,about half a million acres in all,so it will be vital to prioritize(优先考虑)areas at greatest risk of fire or drought. State governments are well accustomed to managing forests,but traditionally they've focused on wildlife and opportunities for recreation.Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon.California's plan,which is expected to be finalized by the governor next year,should serve as a model. -51 9.What does the author imply in Paragraph 1? A.Forests may become a potential threat. B.Extreme weather conditions may arise. C.People may misunderstand global warming. D.Global climate change may get out of control. 10.What does the California's Forest Carbon Plan intend to do? A.To expand the forest planting area. B.To recover its forests quickly after wildfires. C.To reduce the young trees and brush in some forests. D.To find more effective ways to kill insects in the forests. 11.What is essential to California's plan according to Paragraph 4? A.To obtain enough financial support. B.To carry it out before the year of 2020. C.To handle the areas in serious danger first. D.To improve emissions-permit auctions procedures. 12.What is the author's attitude towards California's Forest Carbon Plan? A.Worried. B.Uncaring. C.Doubtful. D.Favorable. D (2024届天域全国名校协作体联考)In the midst of an already record-breaking heat wave, Phoenix,Arizona,set a particularly eye-popping record:the temperature only dropped to 97 degrees Fahrenheit overnight between Tuesday and Wednesday,setting an all-time record high for a nighttime low.When temperatures stay high overnight,they place a particularly heavy burden on the body,raising the risk of heat illness and death. The U.S.-and the world-has seen a spate of extreme heat so far this year,including the planet's hottest-ever June and hottest week on record during the first week of July.Rising global temperatures from burning fossil fuels are the main driver of more frequent and more intense heat waves.And an El Nino event is also boosting global temperatures this year. A heat dome has been in place for weeks over the U.S.Southwest and Texas,and it has fueled many heat records.Phoenix has now seen 20 days in a row with a daytime high of 110 degrees F or higher,a record that is likely to continue for several more days.A heat dome is an area of high pressure that parks over a region.High-pressure ridges,as they are also called, feature sinking air,which compresses and heats up.These ridges'typical clear skies also allow the sun's rays to beat down on the ground,further raising temperatures. Prolonged heat extremes pose a major public health threat because heat is the number-one weather-related killer in the U.S.it causes more human deaths than hurricanes,tornadoes and -52 floods combined.Heat can cause dehydration,which leads the blood to thicken and makes the heart pump harder.That organ and others can be damaged by too much exposure to heat. The soaring,triple-digit high daily temperatures grab the headlines,and they definitely are a concern-but when temperatures only drop into the 80s and 90s at night,the body doesn't get a chance to cool down.This is particularly a concern for those who lack air-conditioning, including unhoused populations.And heat is especially a health risk for the very young,the elderly and those with preexisting health conditions such as asthma and heart disease. 13.What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs? A.Extreme temperatures can cause damage to our hearts. B.Burning fossil fuels contributes to the hottest-ever June and July. C.El Nino is the dominant cause of soaring global temperature. D.The temperature at night has reached a record high in Phoenix,Arizona. 14.What is a heat dome according to the passage? A.It's a weather phenomenon that contributes to high temperatures. B.It's a peak that the low pressure should reach. C.It's the damage caused by too much exposure to heat. D.It's the extra heat trapped in the sinking air. 15.According to the passage,what's the influence high overnight temperature has on humans? A.It is the top one killer in America. B.Exposure to heat contributes to heart diseases. C.Human organs might be impaired. D.People accommodate to 80s and 90s Fahrenheit at night. 16.What's the passage mainly talking about? A.Soaring temperatures are hitting the headlines. B.A new eye-popping overnight low record is set. C.Hot overnight temperatures threaten human health. D.Global heat waves are causing concerns. Ⅱ.语法填空 (2024届云南省曲靖市高三年级第二次教学质量监测)Gathering more than200 of China's cultural relic experts together,a contest focusing on antique restoration 1. (take)place in Taiyuan,North China's Shanxi Province on Mar 26,2023.2. (arrange)by the National Cultural Heritage Administration,a large number of 3. participant)showed their skills by working on authentic historical relics. Tao Zhongjun,4. Chinese historian,said,"real relics for repairers are what a good canvas(画布)is to a painter.”The cultural relic repairers5. (choose)from six categories to reveal the country's strictly designed relics conservation schemes () -53 Li Qun,a vice minister of culture and tourism said that the competition aims to select and train some 6. (high)skilled relic experts so as to establish a talent troop that possess up-to-date restoration skills. Searching for talents from 27 provinces around the country,the competition is the largest event for 7. select)future talents ever held in China's cultural relic industry.Yu Jiadong,8. is a vice minister of human resources and social security,said that China is striving to build a 9. (profession)competition system with Chinese characteristics and that this competition is 10. great importance to this field. Ⅲ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数 应为150左右。 When I was four,my seven-year-old brother received a baseball mitt (for his birthday.Every night,as we went to sleep,I'd listen to him throwing a ball into the mitt over and over to soften the leather.I wanted a mitt so much that I almost cried.But,back then,girls didn't play sports;they played with dolls. Fast-forward twenty-six years.Now a thirty-year-old mother of three happened to see a notice in my local paper: "Women's Slow-Pitch Softball League opens soon.Anyone interested,sign up at the recreation center."I cut it out and set it on the kitchen counter.Could I?After all these years? Was it even possible to think about playing baseball,a game I'd never actually played but had dreamed of playing my entire life?And I'd certainly watched enough Chicago Cubs games to know how the game was played. I looked at that notice on my counter every day.I thought of a thousand reasons why I couldn't play.But the idea of playing baseball stuck in my head and wouldn't go away.Finally,I got up my courage and signed up at the recreation center.On the way home,I bought myself a mitt, On Monday,heart pounding,I walked through the park filled with women of all ages practicing.It took me a while to find my team.They were all high-school girls,seventeen and eighteen years old！ The coach was not at all happy to see me.He had put together top athletes for his team,and he didn't want some old lady messing things up. That first day,he had me run bases.What that meant was I'd stand near home plate while one of the girls batted,and then I'd run as hard as I could to first base,trying to get there before they threw me out.I did this over and over and over.I never got a chance to bat or play the field.I just ran bases all night.The next morning,I could barely stand. -54 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 I was still feeling pain when I showed up to play the next week. Having seen my determination,the coach changed his attitude toward me. [话题词汇专练] I.单词拼写 1.Cycling has become a new (around the world,a good way of energy-saving and low-carbon life. 2.We should try to (回收利用)all our waste paper and cardboard boxes to save the resources. 3.The greenhouse gas mainly caused by cars really (危害)the environment where we live. 4.A young man with a(n) (稳定的)job and salary might have the money to buy an apartment in the center of the city. 5.Several natural (保护区)have been set up to protect those endangered plants and animals. 6.Because human beings destroy the rainforest,the number of wild animals living there has (下降)quickly. 7.There's nothing like a good nap,or a long night's sleep to (缓解)tensions. 8.With economy developing at great speed,our city (目睹)quite a few changes in recent years. 9.In nature,there are lots of (现象)which can't be explained now. 10.The gunmen showed no (怜悯)，killing innocent men and women. -55- Ⅱ，单句语法填空 1.He opposes (fierce)to flexible working hours and does not believe in working at home. 2.We must let everyone know the (important)of environment protection. 3.The boy was rushed to the hospital because he (bite)by a dog. 4.Don't be discouraged!You will be in charge of your life instead of feeling the mercy of it! 5.The product was developed in (respond)to customers'demand. 6.Together they dived into the (deep)of the sea to search for some rare creatures and treasures. 7.School children spend too much time on video games,which would be (harm)to their eyes and affect their school achievements. 8.In the last five hundred years,a lot of wild animals and plants (disappear). 9.Some experts think that pollution poses a threat to the continued (exist)of this species. 10.Population aging is one of the world's population development (tend). 11.He said that the manager had already been aware the problem. 12.The broken bike was found (abandon)by the riverside that day. 13. (warn)about typhoon,the fishermen sailed for the nearest harbor. 14. average,American kids aged from 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school,eight hours more than they did in 1981. 15.I want to express the very deep appreciation behalf of all of us,for this warm welcome that you have given us. Ⅲ.单句写作 1.In order to the finless porpoises we sincerely hope you can help take some measures. 为了保护中国长江江豚免于灭绝，我们真诚希望你们能采取一些措施。 2.It is urgent to stop damaging the earth and and make it a lovely place to live in. 形势紧急，破坏地球的行为应该叫停了，应不遗余力地保护地球，把地球变成一个适宜居住的 美丽的地方。 3.Our government has promised to improve our water quality,so the residents can have access to clean water. 我们的政府承诺提高我们的水质，所以不久之后居民就可以喝到干净水了。 4. the supply of food becomes more and more of a concern. 随着世界人口持续增长，食品的供应成了人们越来越关心的事情。 5. the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe mainly due to global warming. 众所周知，由于全球变暖，全球水资源短缺问题正变得日益严重。 56climb爬;D.mourn悼念。根据下文“onmybike(我的自 3. which attract millions of visitors 行车)”以及“Physicalactivity(体育锻炼)”可推理出此处 4. by the time we arrived at the cinema 上下文说的是骑自行车锻炼。故选A项。 5. what we call America 11.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:体育活动不仅能缓解焦 IV.话题微写作 虑,还能让我保持身材。A.boosts宣扬:B.eases使减 A. 1. It's well-known that cultural relics belong to the 轻;C.combines联合;D. reveals揭示。根据下文“but human being rather than individuals. also keepsme inshape(还能让我保持身材)”可推理出 2. Some people try their best/ take great pains to search for 此处上下文说的均为体育锻炼的益处。故选B项。 them and take possession of them illegally 12.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在治疗过程中,我的医生 3. Some of the cultural relics have been damaged while only 建议,当我喉咙感到紧绸和焦虑时,想想一些美妙的事 a few survive. 情。A. avoided 避免: B. enjoyed 享受;C. suggested建 4. Every one of us should make efforts to protect them from 议;D. admitted 承认,根据下文“thinkingabout being destroyed. something wonderful when my throat feels tight and 5. There is no doubt that it is our duty to protect cultural relics. anxietystrikes(当我喉咙感到紧缀和焦虑时,想想一些 B.参考范文 美妙的事情)”可知这是医生给作者的建议。故选C项。 It's well-known that cultural relics belong to the human 13.D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我没有让自己相信最坏 being rather than individuals. However, some people take 的情况,而是回忆起20岁出头在巴黎的一次旅行。A. great pains to search for them and take possession of them pose姿势;B. barrier 屏障;C. proof 证明;D. journey旅 illegally. Some of them have been damaged while only a few 行。根据下文"The thought of cheese, pastries, and the survive. Therefore, every one of us should make efforts to Eiffel Tower overwhelms me with happiness(一想到奶 protect them from being destroyed, for there is no doubt 醉、糕点和埃菲尔铁塔,我就感到无比幸福)”这推理出 that it is our duty to protect cultural relics. 作者回忆的是去巴黎的一次旅行中的美好体验。故选D 话题专练(七) 环境保护(1) 项。 I.阅读理解 14.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:想到奶略、糕点和埃菲尔 A 铁塔,我就感到非常开心,这帮助我重新找回了控制感 语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了作为长途卡 A. regain重新获得;B. tackle着手处理;C. estimate估 车司机的MartinBurrows因为看到路上越来越多的垃圾感 计;D. shift 转移。根据上文“overwhelms me with 到烦躁,开始着手捡垃圾,这让患有创伤后应激障碍的他感 happiness(我感到非常开心)”可推理出此处说的是作者 到镇静,后来他利用空闲时间定期清理垃圾,并创建了 回忆起已黎的旅途使,感到重新获得控制感。故选 Truckers Cleaning Up Britain小组,吸引了很多成员。 A项。 1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中MartinBurrows所说的 15.B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:虽然我的生活并不完 话"I kept seeing more rubbish everywhere and it was 美,但接受焦虑是我身份的一部分让我感觉自己不再是 getting on my nerves. I decided I had to do something 一个患有焦虑症的人。A. visible可见的;B. perfect完 aboutit(我看到到处都是垃圾,这让我心烦意乱,我决 美的;C. artificial人造的;D. current当前的。根据下文 定我必须做点什么)”可知,一开始Burrows去捡路边的 "accepting that anxiety is a part of who I am has made 垃圾是因为他对看到越来越多的垃圾感到烦躁。故选 me feel less like someone with an anxiety disorder(接受 C项 焦虑是我身份的一部分让我感觉自己不再是一个患有 2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hisinvolvement in 焦虑症的人)”可知此处说的是作者接受了自己的焦虑 fundraising for Help for Heroes led him to meet a man 之后,感觉自己不再是一个患有焦虑症的人,可推理出 who used model-building as a distraction from PTSD. 上文说的是作者认为虽然自己的人生并不完美。故选 Burrows realized that his act of roadside cleanup had a B项。 similar calming effect on his mental well-being.(他参与 [话题词汇专练 了“帮助英雄”的筹款活动,这让他认识了一个用模型制 I. 单句语法填空 作来分散创伤后应激障碍注意力的人,Burrows意识到, 1. removed 2. amazing 3. Informal 4. that 他清理路边的行为对他的精神健康也有类似的镇静作 5. Apparently 6. applicants 7. racial 8. distinction 用。)”可知,捡路边的垃圾让患有创伤后应激障碍的 9. accuracy 10. significance Burrows感到镇静,给他带来了安慰和解脱。故选D项。 II.选词填空 3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中MartinBurrows所说的 1. marked out 2. by means of 3. applying for 话“I was worried I'd be the laughing stock of my town fo 4. team up with 5. make a life 6. a great many putting videos and photos up of me cleaning(我担心自己 7. keep up 8. take in 9. was impressed with 会因为上传自己做清洁的视频和照片而成为镇上的笑 10. catch sight of 柄)”可知,当Burrows开始这项活动的时候,他的担忧是 II.单句写作 害怕大家嘲笑他的行为。故选A项。 1. makes a lasting impression or 4.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章围绕长途卡车司机 2. experience the local history and culture MartinBurrows清理路边垃圾的事情展开,一开始他因 182 为看到路上越来越多的垃圾感到烦躁而着手捡垃圾,这 8.C 文章出处题。根据第一段Every week,Angela looked 让患有创伤后应激障碍的他感到镇静,后来他利用空闲 at her recycling bin, filled with shampoo bottles and 时间定期清理垃圾,并创建了Truckers Cleaning Up plastie containers, with mixed feelings. Sure, it was a lot Britain小组,吸引了很多成员。由此可知,B项“卡车司 of plastic, but it was going to be recycled. Or so she 机的清理倡议”符合文章大意,适合作为标题,故选 thought. Then, her husband sent her some articles B项。 revealing that less than 6% of the country's plastic gets recycled. Shewas shocked.(每周,安吉拉都会看着她的 B 回收箱,里面装满洗发水瓶和塑料容器,心情复杂。当 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。人们为了减少塑料对环境 然,这是很多塑料,但它将被回收。或者她是这么想的。 的影响,重新开始了一种古老的做法以减少塑料的使用:使 然后,她的丈夫给她发了一些文章,透露这个国家只有不 用可重复填充的容器。 到6%的塑料被回收。她很震惊)以及文章内容可知,文 5.B 写作意图题。根据第一段Then,her husband sent 章主要以安吉拉的行为引入,介绍了人们使用家用清洁 her some articles revealing that less than 6% of the 器,重复使用塑料容器,减少塑料的使用,降低塑料污染; country's plastic gets recycled. She was shocked. (然后. 推测文章可能会出现在生活杂志上。A.Achemistry 她的丈夫给她发了一些文章,透露这个国家只有不到6% paper一篇化学论文;B. Anacademic report一篇学术报 的塑料被回收。她很震惊)以及第二段Determinedtocut 告;C.A lifestyle magazine 一本生活杂志:D. A cleaner back on her plastic consumption, Angela got a starter kit advertisement一则去污剂广告。故选C。 from a company selling refillable household cleaners.(为 C 了减少塑料消费,安吉拉从一家销售可重复使用家用清 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。森林是我们应对气候变化 洁器的公司买了一套入门套件)以及第二段Ifshewas 的重要资源之一,它们可以为我们提供遮荫和吸收我们产 happy with the cleaners, she would order more tablets 生的二氧化碳。然而,气候变化正在威胁森林的碳吸收能 but reuse the containers. No new plastic required.(如果 力。加利福尼亚州正在制定一项森林碳计划,旨在通过减 她对清洁剂满意,她会订购更多的片剂,但重复使用容 少森林中幼树的密度和清除灌木丛来提高森林的健康和碳 器。不需要新的塑料)可知,安古拉购买家用清洁器,重 吸收能力。 复使用塑料容器,减少塑料的使用,作者提到安吉拉是为 9.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Forestsgive us shade. 了引出文章的主题。故选B。 quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against 6.D 词句猜测题。根据第二段In itwere tablets. climatechange.(森林为我们提供了阴凉、宁静,也应对气 containing concentrated hand soap as well as glass and 候变化的更艰巨挑战之一。)”和“Theclimatechangewe bathroom cleaners, and four empty containers. She filled are quickening could one day leave us with forests that each one with tap water, then dropped in a tablet and send out more carbon than they absorb.(我们正在加速的 watched itdissolve.(里面有片剂,包含浓缩洗手液、玻璃 气候变化可能有一天会让我们的森林释放出比吸收更多 和浴室清洁剂,还有四个空容器。她给每一个都装满了 的碳)”可推知,作者在第一段中暗示了森林释放出的破 自来水,然后放入一片,看着它dissolve)以及常识可知, 也许有一天会比吸收的更多。由此推知,森林可能成为 安吉拉在容器中放入水和片剂,片削会溶于水,推测划线 一个潜在的威胁。故选A项。 单词表示“溶解”,与Mix withwater同义。A.Float over 10.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The state'sproposed water漂浮在水上;B. Turn over inwater在水中倾覆;C. Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out Change color in water 在水中变化颜色:D. Mix with young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest.(该州 water和水混合,溶解。故选D。 提出的森林碳计划旨在通过加倍努力,稀疏幼树,并清 7.A 观点态度题,根据最后一段“What companies should 除部分森林中的灌木丛。)”可知,加州的森林碳计划打 be focusing on is everything else that isn't recyclable. 算减少一些森林里的小树和滩木。故选C项。 that is single use and that often becomes plastic 11.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中“That'sonlyasmall pollution,"she said, pointing to plastic bags and cups. share of the total land area that could benefit, about half “This is just a elassic example of big corporations doing a million acres in all, so it will be vital to prioritize(优 something to attract people's attention over here on 先考虑) areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.(这只 something that's not the main issue to distract from all 是可能受益的土地总面积的一小部分,总计约50万英 the single-use plastic they're pushing out."(她指着塑料 亩,因此优先考虑火灾或干早风险最大的地区至关重 袋和塑料杯说:“公司应该关注的是其他不可回收的、一 要。)”可知,加州计划的关键是优先处理严重危险地区。 次性的、经常成为塑料污染的东西。”“这只是一个典型的 故选C项。 例子,大公司在一些不是主要问题的事情上做一些事情 12.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Only recently have 来吸引人们的注意力,以分散人们对他们推出的所有一 they come to see the vital part forests will have to play 次性塑料的注意力。”)可知,lanDell认为大公司推出一 in storing carbon, California's plan, which is expected to 次性塑料产品时,采取的方法是分散人们的注意力,而不 be finalized by the governor next year, should serve as a 是解决问题,所以JanDell对大公司的行为持批评的态 model.(直到最近,他们才认识到森林在储存碳方面所 度。故选A。 起的重要作用。加州的计划预计将于明年由州长最终 183 确定,它应该成为一个榜样。)”可知,作者认为加州的计 4.a 考查冠词。句意:中国历史学家陶忠钧说:“对修复师 划应该成为一个榜样。由此推知,作者对它是持支持态 来说,真实的文物就像画布对画家一样重要。”此处表示 度。故选D项。 泛指,应使用不定冠词,且Chinese发音是以辅音音素开 D 头。故填a。 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主题语境是“人与自然”。 5.werechosen 考查谓语动词。句意:文物修复师从六个 本文介绍了全球变暖导致的夜间极高温对人类健康带来了 类别中进行选择,以展示国家严格设计的文物保护规划。 威胁。 分析句子成分可知,空处应为谓语动词。照应前文谓语 13.D 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Inthemidstofan 动词“said”时态,空处也应为一般过去时。再结合空前主 already record-breaking heat wave, Phoenix, Arizona" 语“repairers”可知,应为被动语态,且主语为复数。故填 可知一股破记录的热浪席卷Phoenix,Arizona以及 were chosen。 “setting an all-time record high for a nighttime low"可知 6. highly 考查副词。句意:李群,文化和旅游部副部长表 这是史上夜晚高温的最高纪录。故选D项。 示,比赛的目的是选拔和培训一些技能更高的文物专家, 14.A 推断判断题。根据第三段第一句“Aheatdomehas 以建立一个具有最新修复技能的人才队伍。根据句意, been inplace...”可知,持续发生数周的是某种现象;根 此处应使用副词修饰形容词“skilled”。故填highly。 据第三.句“A heat dome is an area of high pressure 7. selecting 考查非谓语动词。句意:比赛从全国27个省 ”和最后一句的“... further raising that... 份选拔人才,是中国文物行业有史以来最大的选拔未来 temperatures”可知这一现象是一种停留在某一区域的 人才的活动。根据空前的介词“for”可知,空处应为动名 高气压,会导致温度上升。故选A项。 词作宾语。故填selecting。 15.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“thatorgan 8.who 考查连词。句意:人力资源和社会保障部副部长余 and others can be damaged by...”,将“be damaged",“被 家东表示,中国正在努力建立具有中国特色的专业竞赛 损害”,同义替换为“beimpaired”。故选C项。根据第 体系,这场比赛对这个领域具有很大的重要性。分析句 四段第一句“number-one weather-related killer”可知,A 子成分可知,空处应为引导非限制性定语从句的连接代 项漏掉关键词“weather-related”,错误;B项意为“高温 词,指代先行词“YuJiadong”,为人,在定语从句中作主 导致心脏病”,但根据倒数第二段倒数第二句“... 语,故用关系代词who引导。故填who。 makes the heart pumpharder”可知,高温使血液变稠.心 9.professional 考查形容词。句意:人力资源和社会保障 部副部长余家东表示,中国正在努力建立具有中国特色 脏血液流通变难,两者出入太大;D项意为“夜间人们习 惯了80至90华氏度的高湿”,但根据最后一段第一句 的专业竞赛体系,这场比赛对这个领域具有很大的重要 “but when temperatures only drop into the 80s and 90s 性。此处应使用形容词修饰名词短语“competitior at night, the body doesn't get a chance to cool down"可 system”.故填professional. 10.of 考查介词。句意:人力资源和社会保障部副部长余 知,当温度只降到80至90华氏度的时候,身体是很难凉 下来的,语义不符。 家东表示,中国正在努力建立具有中国特色的专业竞赛 16.C 主旨大意题。文章前三段主要讲述夜间极高温现象 体系,这场比赛对这个领域具有很大的重要性。固定搭 配be ofgreat importance,“对......具有重要性”.故 连续出现,后两段重点讲述夜间极高温对身体健康带来 填of. 的危害。故选C项。 II.读后续写 II.语法填空 参考范文 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了一个聚集了200多 I was still feeling pain wten I shoued up to play the 名中国文物专家的古董修复比赛,旨在选拔和培训一些技 next week. The coach was clearly surprised to see me. He 能更高的文物专家,以建立一个具有最新修复技能的人才 队伍。 had no idea how determined I was. I could bear whatever abuse he dished out... as long as I could be part of this 1.t00k 考查谓语动词。句意:2023年3月26日,在中国 game I'd loved and longed to play for so many years. If I 北部的山西省太原市,一个聚集了200多名中国文物专 stayed at home, I'd never get a chance. At least, by 家的比赛正在进行,比赛的重点是古董修复。分析句子 showing up, I was around women playing ball. From then 成分可知,空处应为谓语动词。再根据时间状语“onMar on, I showed up for practice every week. Every game, 1 26,2023”,应使用一般过去时。故填took。 spent the night sitting on the bench. 2.Arranged 考查动词非谓语动词。句意:由国家文物局 Hauing seen my deternination, the coach changed his 组织的比赛,大量参赛者通过修复真实的历史文物展示 attitude toreard me. Then he told me to go to center field. 了他们的技能。分析句子成分可知,空处应为非谓语动 Again, the coach looked surprised. It never occurred to him 词,且“arrange”与主句“participants”主语之间为逻辑上 that I might be able to play. What made him more surprised 的动宾关系,应使用过去分词作状语,句首单词首字母大 was the catch I'd made and the way I "moved like an 写。故填Arranged。 athlete" on the field. Later, he recommended me to a 3. participants 考查名词的数。句意:由国家文物局组织 professional team and sent me a new mitt. If I hadn't 的比赛,大量参赛者通过修复真实的历史文物展示了他 nervously signed up to play ball and dared to take a chance 们的技能。由alargenumberof可知,此处应使用复数形 on fulfilling my childhood dream, none of it would have 式。故填participants。 happened. 184 [话题词汇专练] 实用的东西的人,最后往往带着一抱的衣服满心暖意地 I.单词拼写 离开。由此可推断出,Mendoza认为这种服装交换活动 1. trend 2. recycle 3. harms 4. secure 5. reserves 的额外好处是它带来的精神上的慰藉。故选A项。 6. decreased 7. relieve 8. has witnessed 4.D 标题概括题。根据全文尤其是首段的内容“OnFeb. 9. phenomena 10. mercy 23, an environmental advocacy group'Grassroots'led by II. 单句语法填空 students hosted its monthly clothing exchange. The 1. fiercely 2. importance 3. was bitten 4. at clothing exchange is a free activity on campus where 5. response 6. depth 7. harmful 8. have disappeared students can donate clothes in exchange for new ones.(2 9. existence 10. tendencies 1l. of 12, abandoned 月23日,由学生领导的环保组织“草根”主办了每月一次 13. Having been warned 14. On 15. on 的服装交换活动。服装交换是校园里的一项免费活动, III. 单句写作 学生们可以捐赠衣服来换取新衣服。)”可知,文章主要介 1. protect;from dying out 绍了一个倡导可持续发展的学生社团Grassroots。故D 2. spare no effort to protect it 项“环保宣传一-·草根’风行”为最佳标题。故选D项。 3. it won't be long before B 4. As the world's population continues to grow 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋塑料 5. It is well-known that 垃圾日益增加,对鱼类危害很大。但是目前回收塑料垃圾 话题专练(八) 环境保护(2) 比例很低,而我们生活又离不开塑料袋。因此,如何能更好 I.阅读理解 地解决这一问题迫在眉睫。 5.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“By2050,plasticswill A 语篇解读 weigh more than fish. The problem is that each year at 本文是一篇说明文,文章主要讲述了一个学生 least 8 million tons of plastics end up in oceans around the 社团Grassroots定期举办服装交换活动,倡导可持续发展 的故事。 world. This is the same as dumping the contents of one garbage truck into the ocean every minute.(到 2o5o 年, 1.D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Now,theclothing 塑料废弃物总重量会比鱼重很多。问题是,每年至少8 exchange is one of the club's most well-known activities. 百万吨塑料废弃物会被扔进世界各地的海详,这就和每 (现在,服装交换是俱乐部最著名的活动之一。)”及“’... 分钟往海洋中倾倒一垃圾车的垃圾是一样的。)”可知,作 So it does make a difference to clothing sustainability and 者用这种直观细化的方法阐述了海洋塑料垃圾问题的严 it does create a community where everyone can share 重性,与选 项 C“To clarify the seriousness of the their clothes,'she added.C'因此,它确实对服装的可持 problem.(为了阐述问题的严重性)”符合。故选C项。 续性产生了影响,它确实创造了一个每个人都可以分享 6. D 细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike other types of 自己衣服的社区,'她补充说。)”可知,Tynon认为这种服 trash in the ocean, the plastic never bio-degrades.(不像 装交换活动确实对服装的可持续性产生了影响,并且它 海洋中的其他种类的垃圾,塑料垃圾不会进行生物降 确实创建了一个人人都可以分享自己服装的社区。由此 解)”可知,塑料垃圾很难降解,与选项D“ltishardto 可推断出,Tynon认为他们的服装交换活动是有益且值 breakdown.(它很难降解)”符合。故选D项。 得做的。impressive意为“令人印象深刻的”;innovative 7. A 推理判断题。根据第二段“There isaway toslowthe 意为“革新的,新颖的”;demanding意为“要求高的”; amount of plastics going into the oeeans - people can rewarding意为“有益的,值得做的”。故选D项。 recycle more. Currently only about 14 percent of plastics 2. B 0 细节理解题,根据第四段中的“Italsohas are recyeled. Research in Europe shows as much as 53 partnerships with local organizations such as 'the Sunrise percent of plastic could be recycled using available Rochester', working together to have volunteers become technology. The report says that another solution is using more involved in local sustainability.(它还与“日出罗切 less plastic for packaging products. But that is not likely 斯特”等当地组织建立了伙伴关系,共同努力让志愿者更 tohappen.(有一种方法可以减缓塑料垃圾进入海洋一 多地参与当地的可持续发展。)”可知,Grassroots与当地 人们可以多回收。当下只有14%的塑料可以被回收。欧 的机构有合作关系。故选B项。 洲的研究表明,使用现有技术,多达53%的塑料可以被回 3.A 推理判断题。根据第五段中的”...butshealso 收,这个报告说另一种解决方法是少使用塑料袋来包装 thinks the center has transformed into a safe and 产品。但是那是不可能发生的。)”可知,塑科的循环使用 accepting community space for all students. Those who 比例低,且减少塑料包装的使用是不太可能,所以可推断 have come in looking for something practical often end up 出作者对所提的建议是持悲观态度,与选项A leaving with an armful of clothing and a heart full of “Pessimistic(悲观的)”符合,B.Curious好奇的:C warmth.(但是她也认为这个中心已经转变成了一个安全 Unconcerned不关心的;D.Terrified吓坏的。故选A项。 的、可以接受所有学生的社区空间,那些来这里寻找实 8.C 推理判断题。根据第二段“Thereportsays that 用的东西的人,最后往往抱着一大堆衣服离开,心里充满 another solution is using less plastic for packaging 了温暖。)”可知,Mendoza还认为该中心已经转变为一个 products. But that is not likely to happen.(这个报告说另 面向所有学生的安全的、可接受的社区空间。那些来找 一种解决方法是少使用塑料袋来包装产品。但是那是不 185