精品解析：陕西省渭南市蒲城县蒲城中学2023-2024学年高一下学期学业质量期中检测英语试题

蒲城中学2023—2024学年下学期高一期中质量检测 英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有.10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Linda drink? A. Water. B. Coffee. C. Tea. 2. What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Doctor and patient. B. Father and daughter. C. Colleagues. 3. How is the weather now? A. Stormy. B. Fine. C. Cloudy. 4. What does Mark think of the dress? A Normal. B. Expensive. C. Unnecessary. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. What pet David wants. B. Why David likes animals. C. How to take care of rabbits. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5) 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What does Grace usually do on Saturday afternoons? A. Clean the house. B. Watch a movie. C. Do some reading. 7. Why will Grace have to stay at home this Saturday? A. She must look after her brother. B. She has homework to do. C. She has to cook dinner. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. How many volunteers will collect donations on the street? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 9. What will Jason do tomorrow? A. Go to a charity. B. Visit his grandfather. C. Prepare for an exam. 10. Where did Henry plan to spend this weekend? A. In a company. B. On a farm. C. At home. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. Whom will Mike go to the airport with? A. His father. B. His friend. C. His colleague. 12. How will Mike go to the airport? A. By car. B. By taxi. C. By bus. 13. Why is Mike going to China? A. To take a business trip. B. To go sightseeing. C. To visit his family. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. Who organizes the book club John joined? A. A school. B. A community. C. A library. 15. What is probably Lucy? A. A student. B. A writer. C. A teacher. 16. How often do the club members usually meet? A. Three times a week. B. Every four weeks. C. Once a week. 17. Which book will the club share next week? A. Little Women. B. The Little Prince. C. Peter Pan. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What was the event designed for? A. Celebrating Copperfield Park’s opening. B. Educating kids on cat rescue. C. Helping kids have fun. 19. What activity did the kids take part in? A. Making blankets for toys. B. Making educational sheets. C. Making shelters for homeless cats. 20. Where is the speaker? A. At a radio station. B. In Copperfield Park. C. At an animal rescue center. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A WONDERFUL NIGHT AT CHANGSHA AQUARIUM(海洋馆) Have you ever seen sea animals at night? What do they do? Eat? Sleep? Swim? Let’s go and enjoy the happy time. Time: 6:30 p. m.~8:30 p. m. on Saturday. Tour A 6:30p. m.~7:00 p. m. Tour B 7:00 p. m.~7:30 p. m. Tour C 7:30 p. m.~8:00 p. m. Tour D 8:00 p. m.~8:30 p. m. Walking with the penguins Playing with the seals Feeding the fish Taking pictures with the dolphins *You can enjoy dinner at our restaurant under the water from 6:00 p. m. to 6:30 p. m. *You can’t eat anything while you are watching the sea animals. *Each tour costs 15 yuan. You can buy the tickets at the gate of the aquarium. *You can decide which tour you will join after you arrive at the aquarium. 1. If you want to enjoy 4 tours, how much will you pay for them? A. 15 yuan. B. 30 yuan. C. 45 yuan. D. 60 yuan. 2. What can’t you do while you are watching the sea animals? A. Feed the fish. B. Eat food. C. Take pictures. D. Walk with the penguins. 3. How long can you enjoy the activities at the aquarium at most in one night? A. Half an hour. B. One hour. C One and a half hours. D. Two hours. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了长沙海洋馆的美妙夜晚，邀请人们去观看和了解海洋动物在夜间的活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Each tour costs 15 yuan. You can buy the tickets at the gate of the aquarium.(每次旅游15元。你可以在水族馆门口买票)”可知，如果您想参加4次旅游，费用是15x4=60元。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“You can’t eat anything while you are watching the sea animals.(你在看海洋动物时不能吃任何东西)”可知，当你在看海洋动物的时候，你不能吃食物。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever seen sea animals at night? What do they do? Eat? Sleep? Swim? Let’s go and enjoy the happy time. Time: 6:30 p. m.~8:30 p. m. on Saturday.(你在晚上见过海洋动物吗?他们是做什么的?吃什么?睡眠?游泳吗?让我们去享受快乐时光吧。时间：星期六下午6:30 ~8:30)”可知，水族馆的开放时间是6:30 到8:30，所以最多玩两个小时。故选D项。 B John Von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and of solving problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he may lead a poor life being a mathematician, and so Von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D. in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry. In 1930, Von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others). World War II hugely changed Von Neumann’s areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure (纯粹的) mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematics theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions. After the war, Von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died in 1957 of cancer. Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century. Von Neumann really was a legend (传奇) in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of this legend. He reported one accident this way: “I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.” 4. According to the text, Von Neumann’s father believed that ________. A. a mathematician couldn’t earn a lot of money B. a mathematician needed a good memory C. Von Neumann had the ability to learn two subjects at the same time D. Von Neumann had a gift for solving problems at a high speed 5. Von Neumann published his first book at the age of ________. A. 23 B. 26 C. 29 D. 32 6. How did World War II affect John Von Neumann? A. He realized the importance of engineering. B. He began to research how to put mathematics into practice. C. He left college and served at the government department. D. He lost interest in chemistry. 7. From the last paragraph, we can infer John Von Neumann was _______. A. calm B. brave C. intelligent D. humorous 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了数学家John von Neumann (约翰·冯·诺依曼)的生平事迹。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician, so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. (17岁时，他的父亲试图说服他不要成为一名数学家，因为他当数学家可能会过着贫穷的生活，所以冯·诺依曼也同意学习化学)”可知，冯·诺依曼的父亲认为数学家的生活可能会比较清贫，即数学家赚不了很多钱。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D. in mathematics. (1926年，23岁的他获得了化学工程学位和数学博士学位)”和第二段中的“His first book was published in 1932. (他的第一本书于1932年出版)”可知，他29岁时出版了自己的第一本书。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“World WarⅡ hugely changed von Neumann’s areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematical theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fu (第二次世界大战极大地改变了冯·诺依曼的兴趣领域。直到1940年，他一直是一位伟大的纯粹数学家。在战争期间和战后，他成为将数学理论付诸实践的最好的数学家之一)”可知，二战使约翰·冯·诺依曼把数学理论应用到实践中。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“He reported one accident this way: “I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.””（他这样报道了一起事故：“我当时正沿着公路行驶。右边的树以每小时60英里的速度有序地从我身边经过。突然其中一棵树挡住了我的去路。”）可知，John Von Neumann很幽默。故选D项。 C It's just past 7 a.m.on a February morning in Maya Bay, several weeks after authorities reopened what is one of Thailand's most popular tourist attractions to the world for the first time since June 2018 following a massive restoration program. In the hours to follow, a slow but steady flow of tourists becomes in great numbers as dozens of tourists make their way to the white﹣sand beach, phones at the ready as they take photos. Swimming is not allowed, though visitors can take a few steps in. It's disappointing, but a huge improvement over what visitors once experienced here. Maya Bay is located in a Thailand's national park.The destination was made famous by the 2000 film The Beach，starring Leonardo DiCaprio.As the film's popularity grew，so did tourists' desire to visit the location where much of it was shot —Maya Bay. "Around 40 years ago, Maya Bay was already a tourism destination, but mainly for Thai tourists because you didn't have speedboats at that time, " says Thon, a marine biologist and professor who requested authorities to close the bay four years ago. Over the years, the number of tourists rose from less than 1, 000 to as many as 7, 000 or 8, 000 visitors a day at its peak. On average, around 5, 000 people entered the bay each day. In 2018, the Thai government closed the bay and began to restore the damaged ecosystem. Since then, Thon and a team of fellow marine experts and volunteers have replanted over 30, 000 pieces of coral, much of it grown off the coast of a nearby island. Meanwhile, the wildlife also returned and has been growing. "Only three months after we closed the bay, the blacktip sharks came back and gave birth…so there are a lot of things happening in Maya Bay." 8. What do the first two paragraphs mainly tell us about Maya Bay? A. Its business hours. B. Its massive restoration C. Its huge improvement. D. Its reopening. 9. What does the underlined "it" refer to in the third paragraph？ A. Maya Bay. B. The 2000 film The Beach. C. Leonardo DiCaprio. D. A Thailand's national park. 10. The numbers in paragraph 4 are introduced mainly to show? A. The benefit from tourism. B. The long history of Maya Bay. C. The rapid growth in tourists. D. The reason for the film's popularity. 11. From the passage we learn that___________ A. the protection efforts for Maya Bay was a little late. B. the protection efforts for Maya Bay has no support from the government. C. the protection efforts for Maya Bay remains to be seen whether it's useful. D. the protection efforts for Maya Bay has been effective. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了2月的一个早晨，刚过7点，玛雅湾(Maya Bay)就在几周前，在大规模的修复计划之后，当局自2018年6月以来首次向世界开放了泰国最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“It's just past 7 a.m.on a February morning in Maya Bay, several weeks after authorities reopened what is one of Thailand's most popular tourist attractions to the world for the first time since June 2018 following a massive restoration program.”（2月的一个早晨，刚过7点，玛雅湾(Maya Bay)就在几周前，在大规模的修复计划之后，当局自2018年6月以来首次向世界开放了泰国最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。）以及第二段中“In the hours to follow, a slow but steady flow of tourists becomes in great numbers as dozens of tourists make their way to the white﹣sand beach, phones at the ready as they take photos.”（在接下来的几个小时里，随着数十名游客前往白色沙滩，准备好手机拍照，缓慢但稳定的游客流变得非常多。）可知，前两段主要告诉我们玛雅湾的重新开放。故选D项。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“The destination was made famous by the 2000 film The Beach，starring Leonardo DiCaprio. As the film's popularity grew，so did tourists' desire to visit the location where much of it was shot —Maya Bay.”（2000年，莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥主演的电影《海滩》让这个地方名声大噪。随着这部电影越来越受欢迎，游客们也越来越想参观它的拍摄地——玛雅湾。）由此可知，it指代的是2000年的电影《海滩》。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Over the years, the number of tourists rose from less than 1, 000 to as many as 7, 000 or 8, 000 visitors a day at its peak. On average, around 5, 000 people entered the bay each day.”（多年来，游客人数从每天不到1000人增加到每天多达7000或8000人。平均每天约有5000人进入海湾。）可推知，第4段中的数字主要是为了展示游客的快速增长。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Since then, Thon and a team of fellow marine experts and volunteers have replanted over 30, 000 pieces of coral, much of it grown off the coast of a nearby island. Meanwhile, the wildlife also returned and has been growing. "Only three months after we closed the bay, the blacktip sharks came back and gave birth…so there are a lot of things happening in Maya Bay."”（从那时起，Thon和一个由海洋专家和志愿者组成的团队重新种植了3万多块珊瑚，其中大部分生长在附近岛屿的海岸附近。与此同时，野生动物也回来了，并且一直在增长。“就在我们关闭海湾三个月后，黑鳍鲨又回来产仔了……所以玛雅湾发生了很多事情。”）可推知，从文章中我们了解到，保护玛雅湾的努力是有效的。故选D项。 D European Union scientists said on Wednesday that 2023 would be the warmest year on record. The average world temperature for the first 11 months of the year hit the highest level on record, 1.46 degrees Celsius above the 1850 to 1900 average. The record comes as governments are in negotiations at the COP28 meeting in Dubai. Governments are deciding whether to gradually stop the use of coal, oil and gas, the main source of warming emissions. The 2015 Paris climate agreement set a goal of limiting worldwide temperature rise to 1.5 degrees above pre-industrial times. Above that limit, scientists warn of severe effects on weather, health and agriculture. Diplomats, scientists, activists and others have been meeting in Dubai to find ways to limit warming to those levels. But the planet is not cooperating. They say Earth is on its way to reach 2.7 to 2.9 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial times. C3S records go back to 1940. United States government records go back to 1850. Using information from ice cores, tree rings and corals, scientists have said this is the warmest 10-year period Earth has seen in about 125,000 years. That dates back to the time before human civilization. Scientists say there are two driving forces behind the six straight months of record hot temperatures. One is human-caused climate change from the burning of coal, oil and gas. And El Nino, the natural warming of surface waters in the Pacific, is making it worse. Samantha Burgess, deputy director of C3S, said in a statement that “the November temperatures, including two days warmer than 2C above preindustrial, mean that 2023 is the warmest year in recorded history, which is very likely to be a cool year in the future unless we do something about our dependence on fossil fuels.” 12. According to the passage, what is the natural driving force behind the temperature record? A. El Nino. B. The burning of coals. C. The dependence on fossil fuels. D. The use of gas 13. What is Burgess’s attitude towards the record? A. Pessimistic. B. Optimistic C. Unclear. D. Concerned. 14. What can be the best title for the text? A. Whether to depend on fossil fuels. B. 2023 would be warmest year on record. C. El Nino makes global warming worse. D. Main source of warming emissions. 15. What is going to be talked about next? A. What was the temperature condition in the preindustrial time. B. How to deal with global warming. C. How to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. D. Why is 2023 likely to be a cool year in the future. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。说明了2023年将是有记录以来最热的一年，介绍了高温对人类社会各方面的影响以及导致高温发生的原因。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Scientists say there are two driving forces behind the six straight months of record hot temperatures. One is human-caused climate change from the burning of coal, oil and gas. And El Nino, the natural warming of surface waters in the Pacific, is making it worse.(科学家表示，连续六个月创纪录的高温背后有两个驱动力。其一是人类燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气造成的气候变化。而厄尔尼诺现象，即太平洋表层海水的自然变暖，正使情况变得更糟)”可知，该温度记录背后的自然驱动力是厄尔尼诺。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Samantha Burgess, deputy director of C3S, said in a statement that “the November temperatures, including two days warmer than 2C above preindustrial, mean that 2023 is the warmest year in recorded history, which is very likely to be a cool year in the future unless we do something about our dependence on fossil fuels.”(C3S的副主任萨曼莎·伯吉斯在一份声明中说：“11月的气温，包括比工业化前高出2摄氏度以上的两天，意味着2023年是有记录以来最热的一年，对未来来说很可能是凉爽的一年，除非我们对化石燃料的依赖采取措施。”)”可推知，伯吉斯对记录的态度是担忧的。故选D。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“European Union scientists said on Wednesday that 2023 would be the warmest year on record. The average world temperature for the first 11 months of the year hit the highest level on record, 1.46 degrees Celsius above the 1850 to 1900 average.(欧盟科学家周三表示，2023年将是有记录以来最热的一年。今年前11个月的全球平均气温达到了有记录以来的最高水平，比1850年至1900年的平均气温高出1.46摄氏度)”结合全文可知，文章主要说明了2023年将是有记录以来最热的一年，并介绍了高温对人类社会各方面的影响以及导致高温发生的原因。可知，B选项“2023年将是有记录以来最热的一年”最符合文章标题。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Samantha Burgess, deputy director of C3S, said in a statement that “the November temperatures, including two days warmer than 2C above preindustrial, mean that 2023 is the warmest year in recorded history, which is very likely to be a cool year in the future unless we do something about our dependence on fossil fuels.”(C3S的副主任萨曼莎·伯吉斯在一份声明中说：“11月的气温，包括比工业化前高出2摄氏度以上的两天，意味着2023年是有记录以来最热的一年，对未来来说很可能是凉爽的一年，除非我们对化石燃料的依赖采取措施。”)”可推知，接下来要讨论如何减少我们对化石燃料的依赖。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to be a more responsible person? Responsibility doesn’t come at birth. It is something that is acquired as you age, go to school and progress in life. However, you can hear and see a lot of different things, both good and bad. ____16____ That’s why your sense of responsibility depends only on you. All of it depends on your own decision. Here are a few tips on how to improve your sense of responsibility. ____17____ If you make a mistake, admit it. Instead of making excuses, give the true reason why you failed. By coming up with an excuse, you actually admit to being irresponsible. Stop complaining. Complainers are usually those who talk too much and do nothing. By always complaining about the world around you, you actually fill yourself with negativity. ____18____ Therefore, stop complaining! Overcome postponement. The first step to success is to stop putting things off. Postponement will lead you nowhere. You’re responsible for your own future, so stop delaying now and start taking action on what truly matters. ____19____ Be consistent and stick to your schedule. Having a routine is good. ____20____ Try to wake up at the same time every day. Even on weekends, you could get up earlier instead of staying in bed until noon. This will give you some consistency. Plus, getting up early allows you to have more time for whatever you have to finish that day. Additionally, you should set a schedule for your work and personal tasks, and stick to it. A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Stop making excuses for yourself. C. By being negative, you are suffering terribly. D. You choose your own behavior, actions and words. E. It means order and means you are on the right track. F. The hours you wasted could have been used for better things. G. Even though you never complain, you are obviously exhausted. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. F 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，告诉人们如何成为一名负责任的人。 【16题详解】 上文“However, you can hear and see a lot of different things, both good and bad.”（然而，你会看到和听到各种各样的好的或坏的事情。）提到我们会了解到许多不同的事情，好的、坏的都有，D项“你的言行由你自己选择”承接上文，是下文“your sense of responsibility depends only on you”（你的责任感只取决于你）的原因，为下文“That”所指代。故选D项。 【17题详解】 分析文章结构可知，设空处是第二段的主旨句，是增强责任感的方法一。由下文“If you make a mistake, admit it. Instead of making excuses, give the true reason why you failed.”（你犯错了就得承认。不要找借口，而是指出你失败的真正原因。）可知，该段主要讲的增强责任感的方法是“不要为自己找借口”，B项符合题意。故选B项。 【18题详解】 上文“By always complaining about the world around you, you actually fill yourself with negativity.”（其实，如果一直抱怨你周围的世界，你内心就会充满消极。）讲的是抱怨会让你变得十分消极，C项“消极会让你十分痛苦”进一步阐述了由抱怨产生的消极所带来的后果，与下文“所以，停止抱怨！”形成因果关系，所以C项符合题意。故选C项。 【19题详解】 上文“You’re responsible for your own future, so stop delaying now and start taking action on what truly matters.”（你要对自己的未来负责，所以现在别再耽误下去了，要对真正重要的事物展开行动。）讲的是不要再耽误时间，F项“你所浪费的时间本可以花在更好的事情上的”则进一步指出耽误的后果，从而说明为什么不要耽误时间，而要开始行动，所以F项符合题意。故选F项。 【20题详解】 上文“Having a routine is good.”（生活规律是件好事。）讲的是生活规律很好，E项“这意味着有条理，也意味着你的生活处于正轨”则解释了为什么生活规律是件好事，符合题意。故选E项。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Martin Strel knows a thing or two about rivers. He has been swimming in them ____21____ he was a young boy. Although he holds five world records in marathon swimming, he is best known for using his sport to raise ____22____ of water pollution. After years of swimming in dirty water, he decided he had to do ____23____. He began to swim ____24____ “peace, friendship and clean water”. He hopes to see ____25____ laws strengthened. So far, he has swum in many of the world’s most famous rivers. In 2000, he ____26____ to swim in Europe’s second longest river, the Danube. He swam 1,866 miles in 58 days and ____27____ a world record for long-distance swimming. In 2002, Strel swam in the Mississippi River and ____28____ a distance of 2,360 miles in 68 days. In 2007, he swam 3,274 miles of the Amazon River in 66 days. Most of the ____29____ in the Amazon comes from harmful chemicals used in gold mining and oil leaks (泄漏) from _____30_____ maintained boats. He became very weak and _____31_____ 42 pounds. In order to continue swimming, he had to be carried in and out of the _____32_____. Still, Strel plans to _____33_____ swimming for peace, friendship and clean water, but he would prefer to do it in the ocean. _____34_____, the world’s rivers are too dirty. He _____35_____ a day when everyone can go swimming in clean water. 21. A. before B. since C. when D. until 22. A. importance B. significance C. awareness D. appliance 23. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 24. A. to B. on C. with D. for 25 A. political B. economic C. commercial D. environmental 26. A. refused B. failed C. tended D. managed 27. A. received B. devoted C. set D. escaped 28. A. covered B. contained C. established D. scared 29. A. population B. poison C. pressure D. pollution 30. A. poorly B. well C. carefully D. normally 31. A. gained B. weighed C. lost D. got 32. A. area B. water C. lake D. hospital 33. A. give up B. take up C. carry out D. keep on 34. A. First of all B. At last C. After all D. What’s more 35. A. dreams of B. calls for C. opens up D. puts forward 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 Martin Strel 从小游泳，在马拉松游泳比赛中保持了五项世界纪录，同时他利用这项运动提高人们对水污染的意识。文章主要介绍了他对提高水污染意识所做出的努力。 【21题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他从小就在里面游泳。A. before在……之前；B. since自从；C. when当……时候；D. until直到。根据上文“Martin Strel knows a thing or two about rivers.” Strel对河流略知一二，可推知，此处为连词since表示“自从”引导时间状语从句，满足句意要求。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他在马拉松游泳中保持着五项世界纪录，但他最出名的是利用这项运动来提高人们对水污染的认识。A. importance重要性；B. significance意义；C. awareness意识；D. appliance设备。根据该句中的“of water pollution”以及下文“After years of swimming in dirty water, he decided he had to do ____3____.”决定做的事情，可推知，此处为表示他想利用这项运动来提高人们对水污染的认识。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：在脏水里游泳多年后，他决定要做点什么。A. anything 任何事；B. something一些事情；C. nothing没有什么；D. everything一切。根据下文“He began to swim ____4____ “peace, friendship and clean water”.”具体做的事情可知，此处为表示他决定要做点什么来改善水污染。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：他开始向“和平、友谊和干净的水”游去。A. to到，去；B. on在……上方；C. with和；D. for为了。根据句意以及空后““peace, friendship and clean water”.”可知，此处为表示他开始向“和平、友谊和干净的水”游去。swim to“游到，向……游去”。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他希望看到环境法得到加强。A. political政治；B. economic经济的；C. commercial商业的；D. environmental环境的。根据上文提到的他想利用这项运动来提高人们对水污染的认识，可知，Strel的行为主要是为了改善水污染，所以是环境法得到改善和加强。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2000年，他成功地游完了欧洲第二长河多瑙河。A. refused拒绝；B. failed失败；C. tended倾向；D. managed设法，成功。根下文“and ____7____ a world record for long-distance swimming.”创下的世界纪录，可知，他成功地游完了欧洲第二长河多瑙河。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在58天内游了1866英里，创造了长距离游泳的世界纪录。A. received接收；B. devoted丰献；C. set创造，设置；D. escaped逃脱。根据上文“He swam 1,866 miles in 58 days”后文“a world record for long-distance swimming.”可知，此处为表示创下了世界纪录。set a world record“创造世界纪录”。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2002年，Strel在密西西比河游泳，68天游了2360英里。A. covered行走（一段路程）； B. contained包含；C. established建立；D. scared 使惊恐。 根据后文“a distance of 2,360 miles in 68 days.”指在68天游了2360英里，可知，此处为Strel在密西西比河游泳，68天游了2360英里。cover为“行走（一段路程）”的意思。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚马孙河的大部分污染来自金矿开采过程中使用的有害化学物质，以及保养不善的船只造成的石油泄漏。A. population人口；B. poison毒药；C. pressure压力；D. pollution污染。根据后文“comes from harmful chemicals used”可知，此处说明的是污染来源。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：亚马孙河的大部分污染来自金矿开采过程中使用的有害化学物质，以及保养不善的船只造成的石油泄漏。A. poorly差地；B. well好地；C. carefully小心地；D. normally正常地。根据该句中的“and oil leaks (泄漏)”以及“maintained boats”可知，船只漏油说明保养不善。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他变得非常虚弱，瘦了42磅。A. gained 获得；B. weighed称重；C. lost失去；D. got得到。根据上文“He became very weak”以及后文的数字可知，此处为表示身体体重减少了42磅。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了继续游泳，他不得不被人抬进抬出医院。A. area区域；B. water水；C. lake湖泊；D. hospital医院。根据上文“He became very weak”提到的身体很虚弱，因此可推知，此处为表示频繁进出医院。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管如此，Strel仍计划继续为和平、友谊和清洁的水而游泳，但他更喜欢在海洋中游泳。A. give up放弃；B. take up占据，从事；C. carry out实施；D. keep on继续。根据句意以及空前Still“仍然”和后文“swimming for peace, friendship and clean water”可知，此处为指Strel为了和平、友谊和清洁的水而继续游泳。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：毕竟，世界上的河流太脏了。A. First of all首先；B. At last最终；C. After all毕竟； D. What’s more此外。根据上文“but he would prefer to do it in the ocean.”喜欢在海洋中游泳，以及下文“the world’s rivers are too dirty.”世界上的河流太脏了，可知，此处为表示Strel喜欢在海洋中游泳，毕竟，世界上的河流太脏了。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他梦想有一天每个人都能在干净的水中游泳。A. dreams of梦想；B. calls for要求；C. opens up打开；D. puts forward提出。根据句意以及后文“a day when everyone can go swimming in clean water.”每个人都能在干净的水中游泳，可知，此处为指Strel的梦想，即每个人都能在干净的水中游泳。故选A项。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 语法填空 The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by ____36____ these different names mean. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales ____37____(join) to the Kingdom of England. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, the southern part of Ireland ____38____　(break) away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today. However, most people just use the ____39____(shorten) name: the UK. The four countries____40____belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. There were four sets of invaders and the last group were the Normans. They had castles ____41____(build) all around England and made changes ____42____ the legal system. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much ____43____(enjoy). The capital city London is ____44____ ancient port city that has a history ____45____(date) back to Roman times. 【答案】36. what 37. was joined 38. broke 39. shortened 40. that##which 41. built 42. to 43. more enjoyable 44. an 45. dating 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国不同的国名的由来。 【36题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：联合王国、大不列颠、不列颠、英格兰——许多人对这些不同名称的含义感到困惑。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示“什么”，故应用连接代词what。故填what。 【37题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：16世纪，附近的威尔士加入了英格兰王国。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词，由时间状语“the 16th century”可知，应用一般过去时；动词短语join...to...表示“把……和……连接起来”，故空处应用被动语态be joined to，表示“与……相连、加入”；主语为“the nearby country of Wales”，谓语为单数。故填was joined。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：最后，爱尔兰的南部脱离了英国，这就形成了我们今天的全名。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词；根据“resulted”和句意可知，应为一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情；动词短语break away from表示“脱离……”，符合句意。故填broke。 【39题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：然而，大多数人只是使用它的缩写：英国。分析句子可知，空处修饰名词“name”，作定语；shorten为动词，表示“缩短”，应用非谓语动词形式，与“name”之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词，表示“被缩短的名字”，即“缩写”。故填shortened。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：属于联合王国的四个国家在一些领域合作。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“The four countries”，关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 【41题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：他们在英格兰各地修建城堡，并改变了法律体系。根据谓语动词“had”可知，空处应为非谓语动词；动词短语have sth done表示“让某事被做”，符合句意，故应用过去分词形式作宾补，表示“让城堡被修建”。故填built。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：他们在英格兰各地修建城堡，并改变了法律体系。分析句子可知，空处应为介词，后接名词短语“the legal system”；动词短语make changes to...表示“对……进行改变”，符合句意。故填to。 43题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：学习这个国家的历史会使你的访问愉快得多。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作宾补；enjoyable为形容词，意为“令人愉快的”，符合句意；much修饰形容词或副词的比较级形式，故空处应用more enjoyable，表示“愉快得多”。故填more enjoyable。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：首都伦敦是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。分析句子可知，空处应为冠词，修饰名词短语“ancient port city”，表示“一个古老的港口城市”，故应用不定冠词，表示泛指；ancient以元音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【45题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：首都伦敦是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。根据句中谓语动词“has”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作定语修饰名词“history”，并与其形成主动关系，表示“追溯到罗马时期的历史”，故应用现在分词形式。故填dating。 第四部分 写作(满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom向你询问中国人如何庆祝元宵节的，请你给他写封回信。要点如下： 1. 节日时间； 2. 节日的庆祝活动； 3. 发出邀请。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first month in the Chinese lunar solar calendar. It is a traditional festival in China. During the festival, various activities are held to celebrate. People usually hang up colorful lanterns, which come in different shapes and sizes, adding a charming atmosphere to the night. we also enjoy guessing riddles, a fun and intellectually challenging activity. Moreover, yuanxiao, a kind of sweet dumpling, is a must-have delicacy. The whole city is beautifully decorated with lights, making it a lively and cheerful scene. I sincerely hope you can come to China to experience this wonderful festival. I believe you will have an unforgettable time. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的告知信。要求考生给美国朋友Tom写封回信，向其介绍中国的元宵节并发出邀请。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 各种各样的：various→ a variety of 此外：moreover→ what’s more 增加：add→ increase 真诚地：sincerely→ genuinely 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first month in the Chinese lunar solar calendar. It is a traditional festival in China. 拓展句：The Lantern Festival, which is a traditional festival in China, falls on the fifteenth day of the first month in the Chinese lunar solar calendar. 【点睛】【高分句型1】People usually hang up colorful lanterns, which come in different shapes and sizes, adding a charming atmosphere to the night. (运用了which引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】I sincerely hope you can come to China to experience this wonderful festival. (运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句) 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 An Act of Neighborliness The skies were dark. A strong wind was blowing hard, cutting my face like a sharp knife. Rain fell in big drops and thunder and lightning flashed across the skies. I shook with cold and fear as I walked home, through the streams of muddy water. Some people were rushing by, completely wet in the heavy rain. Along the way, I saw some schoolchildren holding their heavy schoolbags tightly and rushing home, I also saw that some road repair work had been abandoned by workers. Obviously, the workers had left in a hurry because of the storm. There were few signs and it was hard to see what was on the road. There were pieces of wood and metal and it looked like a hole had been dug and hurriedly covered with boards. I moved on but suddenly stopped as I heard some sounds. It sounded like children crying. I quickly turned back and went back to the place from where the sounds came. I was frightened! To my sadness, I found that two small children had fallen into the hole on the road. The boards had moved away with the force of the rushing water. I could hardly see the children as it was dark all around me. I told them that I was going to look for help. I knew the neighbors well, and they all shared a sense of neighborliness, willing to give a hand. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为100左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I rushed to the nearest house, Mr. Lee’s, and told him about the problem. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hearing of what had happened, the children’s parents were in relief. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Para 1: I rushed to the nearest house, Mr. Lee’s, and told him about the problem. He readily said that he would get a torch and some rope. He also called his good friends to come along with him. A few other neighbors also quickly joined the rescue party and together went to the road. They managed to get the children out of the watery hole safely. The children were scared silly and they shook all over with cold, daring not to make a movement. Para 2: Hearing of what had happened, the children’s parents were in relief. They were very grateful to the neighbors who had helped to rescue the children and thanked them repeatedly. A flood of happiness welled up in me because I had been part of this act of neighborliness. It was a wonderful moment, one I would never forget. The neighbors had been great. They had helped people in need without hesitation. Bathed in much warmth, I headed for home. 【解析】 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在回家路上发现两个小孩掉进了路上的洞里，作者告诉邻居自己要去寻求帮助，邻居都很友好，愿意伸出援助之手。最后作者和李先生和其它几个邻居把孩子安全地从水坑里弄出来，孩子们的父母非常感谢他们。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我跑到最近的李先生家，告诉他这个问题。”可知，第一段可描写作者是如何和李先生和其他邻居一起救出孩子的。 ②由第二段首句内容“听到发生的事情，孩子们的父母如释重负。”可知，第二段可描写孩子们的父母感谢作者他们的善举，以及作者得到的感悟。 2.续写线索：找到李先生——其它几位邻居加入了救援队伍——安全救出孩子们——孩子的父母表示感谢——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 赶往：rush to / run to 设法做：manage to do / try to do 参加：join/be part of / participate in 情绪类 感激：grateful/thank/show one’s gratitude 快乐：happiness /joy 【点睛】[高分句型1] He readily said that he would get a torch and some rope. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] They were very grateful to the neighbors who had helped to rescue the children and thanked them repeatedly. (运用了who引导定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 蒲城中学2023—2024学年下学期高一期中质量检测 英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有.10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Linda drink? A. Water. B. Coffee. C. Tea. 2. What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Doctor and patient. B. Father and daughter. C. Colleagues. 3. How is the weather now? A. Stormy. B. Fine. C. Cloudy. 4. What does Mark think of the dress? A. Normal. B. Expensive. C. Unnecessary. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. What pet David wants. B. Why David likes animals. C. How to take care of rabbits. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5) 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What does Grace usually do on Saturday afternoons? A Clean the house. B. Watch a movie. C. Do some reading. 7. Why will Grace have to stay at home this Saturday? A. She must look after her brother. B. She has homework to do. C. She has to cook dinner. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. How many volunteers will collect donations on the street? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 9. What will Jason do tomorrow? A. Go to a charity. B. Visit his grandfather. C. Prepare for an exam. 10. Where did Henry plan to spend this weekend? A. In a company. B. On a farm. C. At home. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. Whom will Mike go to the airport with? A. His father. B. His friend. C. His colleague. 12. How will Mike go to the airport? A By car. B. By taxi. C. By bus. 13. Why is Mike going to China? A. To take a business trip. B. To go sightseeing. C To visit his family. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. Who organizes the book club John joined? A. A school. B. A community. C. A library. 15. What is probably Lucy? A. A student. B. A writer. C. A teacher. 16. How often do the club members usually meet? A. Three times a week. B. Every four weeks. C. Once a week. 17. Which book will the club share next week? A. Little Women. B. The Little Prince. C. Peter Pan. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What was the event designed for? A. Celebrating Copperfield Park’s opening. B. Educating kids on cat rescue. C. Helping kids have fun. 19. What activity did the kids take part in? A. Making blankets for toys. B. Making educational sheets. C. Making shelters for homeless cats. 20. Where is the speaker? A. At a radio station. B. In Copperfield Park. C. At an animal rescue center. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A WONDERFUL NIGHT AT CHANGSHA AQUARIUM(海洋馆) Have you ever seen sea animals at night? What do they do? Eat? Sleep? Swim? Let’s go and enjoy the happy time. Time: 6:30 p. m.~8:30 p. m. on Saturday. Tour A 6:30p. m.~7:00 p. m. Tour B 7:00 p. m.~7:30 p. m. Tour C 7:30 p. m.~8:00 p. m. Tour D 8:00 p. m.~8:30 p. m. Walking with the penguins Playing with the seals Feeding the fish Taking pictures with the dolphins *You can enjoy dinner at our restaurant under the water from 6:00 p. m. to 6:30 p. m. *You can’t eat anything while you are watching the sea animals. *Each tour costs 15 yuan. You can buy the tickets at the gate of the aquarium. *You can decide which tour you will join after you arrive at the aquarium. 1. If you want to enjoy 4 tours, how much will you pay for them? A. 15 yuan. B. 30 yuan. C. 45 yuan. D. 60 yuan. 2. What can’t you do while you are watching the sea animals? A. Feed the fish. B. Eat food. C. Take pictures. D. Walk with the penguins. 3. How long can you enjoy the activities at the aquarium at most in one night? A. Half an hour. B. One hour. C. One and a half hours. D. Two hours. B John Von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and of solving problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he may lead a poor life being a mathematician, and so Von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D. in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry. In 1930, Von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others). World War II hugely changed Von Neumann’s areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure (纯粹的) mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematics theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions. After the war, Von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died in 1957 of cancer. Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century. Von Neumann really was a legend (传奇) in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of this legend. He reported one accident this way: “I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.” 4. According to the text, Von Neumann’s father believed that ________. A. a mathematician couldn’t earn a lot of money B. a mathematician needed a good memory C. Von Neumann had the ability to learn two subjects at the same time D. Von Neumann had a gift for solving problems at a high speed 5. Von Neumann published his first book at the age of ________. A. 23 B. 26 C. 29 D. 32 6. How did World War II affect John Von Neumann? A. He realized the importance of engineering. B. He began to research how to put mathematics into practice. C. He left college and served at the government department. D. He lost interest in chemistry. 7. From the last paragraph, we can infer John Von Neumann was _______. A. calm B. brave C. intelligent D. humorous C It's just past 7 a.m.on a February morning in Maya Bay, several weeks after authorities reopened what is one of Thailand's most popular tourist attractions to the world for the first time since June 2018 following a massive restoration program. In the hours to follow, a slow but steady flow of tourists becomes in great numbers as dozens of tourists make their way to the white﹣sand beach, phones at the ready as they take photos. Swimming is not allowed, though visitors can take a few steps in. It's disappointing, but a huge improvement over what visitors once experienced here. Maya Bay is located in a Thailand's national park.The destination was made famous by the 2000 film The Beach，starring Leonardo DiCaprio.As the film's popularity grew，so did tourists' desire to visit the location where much of it was shot —Maya Bay. "Around 40 years ago, Maya Bay was already a tourism destination, but mainly for Thai tourists because you didn't have speedboats at that time, " says Thon, a marine biologist and professor who requested authorities to close the bay four years ago. Over the years, the number of tourists rose from less than 1, 000 to as many as 7, 000 or 8, 000 visitors a day at its peak. On average, around 5, 000 people entered the bay each day. In 2018, the Thai government closed the bay and began to restore the damaged ecosystem. Since then, Thon and a team of fellow marine experts and volunteers have replanted over 30, 000 pieces of coral, much of it grown off the coast of a nearby island. Meanwhile, the wildlife also returned and has been growing. "Only three months after we closed the bay, the blacktip sharks came back and gave birth…so there are a lot of things happening in Maya Bay." 8. What do the first two paragraphs mainly tell us about Maya Bay? A. Its business hours. B. Its massive restoration C. Its huge improvement. D. Its reopening. 9. What does the underlined "it" refer to in the third paragraph？ A. Maya Bay. B. The 2000 film The Beach. C. Leonardo DiCaprio. D. A Thailand's national park. 10. The numbers in paragraph 4 are introduced mainly to show? A. The benefit from tourism. B. The long history of Maya Bay. C. The rapid growth in tourists. D The reason for the film's popularity. 11. From the passage we learn that___________ A. the protection efforts for Maya Bay was a little late. B. the protection efforts for Maya Bay has no support from the government. C. the protection efforts for Maya Bay remains to be seen whether it's useful. D. the protection efforts for Maya Bay has been effective. D European Union scientists said on Wednesday that 2023 would be the warmest year on record. The average world temperature for the first 11 months of the year hit the highest level on record, 1.46 degrees Celsius above the 1850 to 1900 average. The record comes as governments are in negotiations at the COP28 meeting in Dubai. Governments are deciding whether to gradually stop the use of coal, oil and gas, the main source of warming emissions. The 2015 Paris climate agreement set a goal of limiting worldwide temperature rise to 1.5 degrees above pre-industrial times. Above that limit, scientists warn of severe effects on weather, health and agriculture. Diplomats, scientists, activists and others have been meeting in Dubai to find ways to limit warming to those levels. But the planet is not cooperating. They say Earth is on its way to reach 2.7 to 2.9 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial times. C3S records go back to 1940. United States government records go back to 1850. Using information from ice cores, tree rings and corals, scientists have said this is the warmest 10-year period Earth has seen in about 125,000 years. That dates back to the time before human civilization. Scientists say there are two driving forces behind the six straight months of record hot temperatures. One is human-caused climate change from the burning of coal, oil and gas. And El Nino, the natural warming of surface waters in the Pacific, is making it worse. Samantha Burgess, deputy director of C3S, said in a statement that “the November temperatures, including two days warmer than 2C above preindustrial, mean that 2023 is the warmest year in recorded history, which is very likely to be a cool year in the future unless we do something about our dependence on fossil fuels.” 12. According to the passage, what is the natural driving force behind the temperature record? A. El Nino. B. The burning of coals. C. The dependence on fossil fuels. D. The use of gas 13. What is Burgess’s attitude towards the record? A. Pessimistic. B. Optimistic C. Unclear. D. Concerned. 14. What can be the best title for the text? A. Whether to depend on fossil fuels. B. 2023 would be warmest year on record. C. El Nino makes global warming worse. D. Main source of warming emissions. 15. What is going to be talked about next? A. What was the temperature condition in the preindustrial time. B. How to deal with global warming. C. How to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. D. Why is 2023 likely to be a cool year in the future. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to be a more responsible person? Responsibility doesn’t come at birth. It is something that is acquired as you age, go to school and progress in life. However, you can hear and see a lot of different things, both good and bad. ____16____ That’s why your sense of responsibility depends only on you. All of it depends on your own decision. Here are a few tips on how to improve your sense of responsibility. ____17____ If you make a mistake, admit it. Instead of making excuses, give the true reason why you failed. By coming up with an excuse, you actually admit to being irresponsible. Stop complaining. Complainers are usually those who talk too much and do nothing. By always complaining about the world around you, you actually fill yourself with negativity. ____18____ Therefore, stop complaining! Overcome postponement. The first step to success is to stop putting things off. Postponement will lead you nowhere. You’re responsible for your own future, so stop delaying now and start taking action on what truly matters. ____19____ Be consistent and stick to your schedule. Having a routine is good. ____20____ Try to wake up at the same time every day. Even on weekends, you could get up earlier instead of staying in bed until noon. This will give you some consistency. Plus, getting up early allows you to have more time for whatever you have to finish that day. Additionally, you should set a schedule for your work and personal tasks, and stick to it. A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Stop making excuses for yourself. C. By being negative, you are suffering terribly. D. You choose your own behavior, actions and words. E. It means order and means you are on the right track. F. The hours you wasted could have been used for better things. G. Even though you never complain, you are obviously exhausted. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Martin Strel knows a thing or two about rivers. He has been swimming in them ____21____ he was a young boy. Although he holds five world records in marathon swimming, he is best known for using his sport to raise ____22____ of water pollution. After years of swimming in dirty water, he decided he had to do ____23____. He began to swim ____24____ “peace, friendship and clean water”. He hopes to see ____25____ laws strengthened. So far, he has swum in many of the world’s most famous rivers. In 2000, he ____26____ to swim in Europe’s second longest river, the Danube. He swam 1,866 miles in 58 days and ____27____ a world record for long-distance swimming. In 2002, Strel swam in the Mississippi River and ____28____ a distance of 2,360 miles in 68 days. In 2007, he swam 3,274 miles of the Amazon River in 66 days. Most of the ____29____ in the Amazon comes from harmful chemicals used in gold mining and oil leaks (泄漏) from _____30_____ maintained boats. He became very weak and _____31_____ 42 pounds. In order to continue swimming, he had to be carried in and out of the _____32_____. Still Strel plans to _____33_____ swimming for peace, friendship and clean water, but he would prefer to do it in the ocean. _____34_____, the world’s rivers are too dirty. He _____35_____ a day when everyone can go swimming in clean water. 21. A. before B. since C. when D. until 22. A. importance B. significance C. awareness D. appliance 23. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 24. A. to B. on C. with D. for 25. A. political B. economic C. commercial D. environmental 26. A. refused B. failed C. tended D. managed 27. A. received B. devoted C. set D. escaped 28. A. covered B. contained C. established D. scared 29. A. population B. poison C. pressure D. pollution 30. A. poorly B. well C. carefully D. normally 31. A. gained B. weighed C. lost D. got 32. A. area B. water C. lake D. hospital 33. A. give up B. take up C. carry out D. keep on 34. A. First of all B. At last C. After all D. What’s more 35. A. dreams of B. calls for C. opens up D. puts forward 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 语法填空 The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by ____36____ these different names mean. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales ____37____(join) to the Kingdom of England. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, the southern part of Ireland ____38____　(break) away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today. However, most people just use the ____39____(shorten) name: the UK. The four countries____40____belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. There were four sets of invaders and the last group were the Normans. They had castles ____41____(build) all around England and made changes ____42____ the legal system. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much ____43____(enjoy). The capital city London is ____44____ ancient port city that has a history ____45____(date) back to Roman times. 第四部分 写作(满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom向你询问中国人如何庆祝元宵节的，请你给他写封回信。要点如下： 1. 节日时间； 2. 节日的庆祝活动； 3. 发出邀请。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 An Act of Neighborliness The skies were dark. A strong wind was blowing hard, cutting my face like a sharp knife. Rain fell in big drops and thunder and lightning flashed across the skies. I shook with cold and fear as I walked home, through the streams of muddy water. Some people were rushing by, completely wet in the heavy rain. Along the way, I saw some schoolchildren holding their heavy schoolbags tightly and rushing home, I also saw that some road repair work had been abandoned by workers. Obviously, the workers had left in a hurry because of the storm. There were few signs and it was hard to see what was on the road. There were pieces of wood and metal and it looked like a hole had been dug and hurriedly covered with boards. I moved on but suddenly stopped as I heard some sounds. It sounded like children crying. I quickly turned back and went back to the place from where the sounds came. I was frightened! To my sadness, I found that two small children had fallen into the hole on the road. The boards had moved away with the force of the rushing water. I could hardly see the children as it was dark all around me. I told them that I was going to look for help. I knew the neighbors well, and they all shared a sense of neighborliness, willing to give a hand. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为100左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I rushed to the nearest house, Mr. Lee’s, and told him about the problem. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hearing of what had happened, the children’s parents were in relief. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$