06 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（天津专版）

定语从句（核心考点精讲精练） 1. 高考真题考点分布（天津卷） 考点 题型 定语从句 单项 选择 2023 6月 2023 3月 2022 6月 2022 4月 2021 6月 2021 3月 2020 7月 2020 5月 2019 6月 2019 3月 数量 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2. 命题规律及备考策略 【命题规律】近5年天津卷对于定语从句的考查集中于单项选择题，主要考查： 1．定语从句中关系副词的选择 2．定语从句中关系代词的选择 3．定语从句中“介词+关系代词”的选择 【备考策略】 高考天津卷在考查考生对定语从句的掌握情况时，特别注重他们在特定语境下辨识定语从句及其先行词的能力，以及正确使用关系代词和关系副词引导从句的能力。考生需在准确理解语境并深入分析句子的基础上，准确辨识定语从句及其先行词，进而准确判断应使用的关系代词或关系副词。 近年来，高考天津卷对定语从句的考查范围已不仅局限于单项填空题，还拓展至完形填空、阅读理解和阅读表达等多种题型中。因此，考生在日常学习中，应更加注重在语境中加强对定语从句的辨识能力，以及对从句引导词用法的熟练掌握，同时关注定语从句先行词与从句谓语动词的搭配关系、引导词的省略现象等，并熟记各种句型和特殊表达形式。 【命题预测】 2025年单项选择对定语从句的考查仍然是重点，主要集中考查关系代词、关系副词和“介词+关系代词”的使用。 必备基础知识： 定语从句的关系词 分类 关系词 先行词 充当从句成分 关系代词 that 物/人 主语、宾语、表语 which 物 主语、宾语、表语 who 人 主语、宾语、表语 whom 人 宾语 whose 物/人 定语 as 物/人 主语、宾语、表语 关系副词 where 地点/抽象名词 地点状语 when 时间 时间状语 why 原因 原因状语 重难点知识： 考点精讲01关系代词（that, which, who, whom）引导的定语从句 关系词及用法 例句 备注 that既可以指代物，也可以指代人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 Nowadays, we can move around the worldand still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. 如今，我们可以一边周游世界，一边仍与我们想与之维系友谊的人保持联系。 that不能用于非限制性定语从句； that在从句中作宾语时可以省略 which一般指代物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 The modern car is no longer the car which it was in the 1930s. 现代的汽车已不再是20世纪30年代的汽车了。 which也可以指代主句所描述的整个一件事； which在从句中作宾语时可以省略 who指代人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 The digital age also enables us to find peoplewho share our interests, such as collectingmodel cars or playing an unusual instrument. 数字时代还可以帮我们找到志趣相投的人一例如收集汽车模型或演奏不寻常的乐器。 who在从句中作宾语时可以省略 whom 指代人，在从句中作宾语。 He is the man whom I’m looking for. 他正是我在找的人。 whom在从句中不能充当主语； whom在从句中作宾语时可以省略 1．（2024·天津河西·三模）After getting back to her hometown after graduation, Jenny finds it is no longer the village ______ it used to be. A．that B．where C．what D．how 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：毕业回到家乡后，珍妮发现它不再是以前的那个村庄了。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，village是先行词，从句中缺少表语，因此使用关系代词that引导定语从句，故选A项。 2．（2023·天津河西·三模）When I went back to my hometown years later, I saw a beautiful park, ______ had been a wasteland for many years. A．that B．who C．when D．which 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句的连接词。句意：几年后但我回到家乡，我看到了一个美丽的公园，公园已经是一个湿地了。根据句子分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a beautiful park，指物，从句中缺少主语，故应用which引导，故选D。 3．（23-24高三上·天津蓟州·期末）The digital age also enables us to find people ________ share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing computer games. A．which B．what C．who D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：数字时代也使我们能够找到与我们有共同兴趣的人，例如收集汽车模型或玩电脑游戏。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是people，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故选择C项。 4．（2021·天津南开·一模）I forgot the website _______ I intended to add to my favorite. It can help me learn how to write English composition. A．which B．where C．when D．on which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我忘了我打算添加到我的收藏夹的这个网站。它可以帮助我学习如何写英语作文。此处是定语从句，先行词是 the website，指物，在从句中作动词add的宾语，用关系代词that或which引导。故选A项。 考点精讲02关系代词（whose）引导的定语从句 关系词及用法 例句 备注 whose表所属关系,意为“......的”，既可以指代物，也可以指代人，在从句中作定语。指物时相当于of which；指人时相当于of whom This is the house whose window was broken last night. = This is the house, the window of which was broken last night. = This is the house, of which the window was broken last night. 这就是昨晚窗户被打破的那所房子。 whose+n.= the+n.+of whom/ which = of whom/which+the + n. 1．（2024·天津南开·模拟预测）The company hired a new CEO ______ innovative ideas have led to significant growth. A．that B．whose C．which D．who 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：公司聘请了一位新CEO，其创新理念带来了显著的增长。分析句子结构，空格后为定语从句修饰先行词CEO，先行词在从句中作定语，修饰ideas，表示“……的”，应用关系代词whose引导。故选B。 2．（23-24高三下·天津南开·开学考试）Last summer I stayed at a fantastic hotel facilities are brilliant. A．that B．where C．which D．whose 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：去年夏天我住在一家很棒的酒店，那里的设施非常好。定语从句修饰先行词hotel，在从句作定语，表示所属关系，应用whose。故选D。 3．（2023·天津·一模）In the middle of this particular scene, I spot a small girl ______ ankle is twice its normal size. A．which B．that C．whose D．who 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在这个特别的场景中间，我发现了一个小女孩，她的脚踝是正常尺寸的两倍。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为girl，关系代词whose引导从句，在从句中作定语，限定名词ankle，意为“她的”。故选C项。 考点精讲03关系代词（as）引导的定语从句 关系词及用法 例句 备注 as引导限制性定语从句时，先行词多由such 或 the same修饰，构成such...as，the same... as，as... as结构，可以指代人，也可以指代物。 This is the same book as I read last week. 这和我上周读的那本书是一样的。 He is such a great scientist as ever lived. 他是有史以来很伟大的一名科学家。 常用搭配： the same…as… such…as… as引导非限制性定语从句时，指代整个主句，且位置较灵活，可以位于主句首或句中，一般用逗号与主句隔开，通常译为“正如……”。 As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods. 正如亚里士多德所说，没有人会选择没有朋友的生活，哪怕他拥有其他所有财富。 as常用句式： as the old saying goes 老话说得好 as is often the case 通常的情况是 as anybody can see 正如人人都能看到的那样 as is well-known = as is known to all众所周知 as we had expected正如我们所预料的那样 as often happens 正如经常发生的那样 as has been said before 如上所述 as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的 1．（23-24高三上·天津·阶段练习） is well known to us, Tianjin has a history of more than 600 years. A．As B．What C．Where D．It 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，天津有600多年的历史。表示“众所周知”应用as is well known to us，as引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。 2．（22-23高三上·天津·阶段练习）________is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations. A．As B．That C．It D．Which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：与世界各地新经济活动领域的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度快于现有法规。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，此处从句修饰整个主句内容，这是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处整个从句位于主句前，应用as引导。as和which均可引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，区别在于as引导的从句可位于主句前，也可位于主句后；而which引导的从句一般位于主句后；且as引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如”之意，而which没有。故选A项。 3．（2022·天津·模拟预测）The number of smokers, ______ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. A．where B．which C．what D．as 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如报道的那样，烟民的数量已经在一年内减少了17%。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句内容，从句缺少主语，且要表达“正如”之意，应用as引导。故选D。 4．（2021·天津和平·三模）________ is widely accepted, in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses, but this is not a polite way of greeting in other cultures. A．As B．It C．Which D．What 【答案】A 【详解】考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：在中东，阿拉伯人通过互摸鼻子来打招呼，这在其他文化中是不礼貌的。分析可知，________ is widely accepted在句中为定语从句，从句缺少主语，指代整个句子“in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses”，结合选项，as和which都可以指代整个句子，在引导非限制性定语从句时，which引导的非限制性定语从句置于主句之后，as引导的从句则可以置于句首。故选A。 考点精讲04只用that不用which的情况 条件 例句 人和物共同作先行词时 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? 你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗？ 先行词为all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, one等不定代词时 Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? 你有什么要为自己说的吗？ You should hand in all that you have. 你应该把你所有的物品都上交。 先行词被 the only, the very (恰恰，正好), any, few, little, no, all等修饰时 This is the very bus that I'm waiting for. 这正是我在等的公交车。 The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. 我们唯一能做的就是给你一些钱。 先行词前有最高级或有序数词修饰时，或先行词为序数词时 This is the best way that has been used against pollution.这是用过的最好的抗污染的办法。 主句的主语是疑问词who 或 which时 Which is the book that you lost? 哪本是你丢的书？ Who is the boy that won the gold medal? 谁是获得金牌的男孩？ 1．（23-24高三上·天津·期中）The absolute most important skill ________ you learn when you play chess is how to make good decisions. A．that B．what C．whether D．how 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你在下棋时学到的最重要的技巧是如何做出不错的决定。分析句子结构， ________ you learn是一个定语从句，指代先行词skill，指物，且其前有形容词最高级most important修饰，所以只能用that引导。故选A。 2．（21-22高三上·天津·开学考试）You may search on the Internet for professors and their courses about the university ________ may interest you. A．that B．where C．which D．who 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你可以在网上搜索让你感兴趣的大学教授和他们的课程。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词 professors and their courses ，有人有物，关系词代替它在从句中充当主语，只能用关系代词that。故选A。 3．（21-22高三上·天津·阶段练习）You're the only person ________I've ever met ________could do it. A．who;/ B．/; whom C．whom;/ D．/; who 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你是我见过的唯一能做到的人。第一空为定语从句修饰先行词person，先行词由the only修饰只能用that，且在从句中作宾语，可以省略不填，排除A、C选项；第二空为定语从句修饰先行词person，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，用who引导，不可省略。故选D。 考点精讲05关系副词引导的定语从句 关系词及用法 例句 备注 where指代表示地点的先行词，也可指代一些表示抽象地点的名词。可换为“介词+which”。 Eventually, it manages to reach the places where/in which it will spend the winter. 它最终成功抵达过冬的地点。 There comes a point where you give up. 现在你该放弃了。 where引导定语从句时，常见的抽象名词有：family, job, work, situation, case, condition, point, stage等。 when指代表示时间的先行词， 可换为“介词+which”。 If this works, there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again. 如果这些努力产生效果，黑脉金斑蝶的数量在未来有可能再次上升。 occasion和interval后面的定语从句常用when引导。 There was an occasion when he was invited to deliver a lecture on genetic engineering. 有一次他被邀请作一个关于遗传工程的演讲。 1．（2024·天津河西·二模）John is so selfish that he has reached a point ______ no one in our team wants to talk with him. A．where B．why C．that D．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：约翰是如此自私，以至于他达到了一个我们团队里没有人想和他说话的地步。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词point，先行词表示抽象地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故选A项。 2．（2024·天津和平·一模）I know I’ve put my passport in a place ______ I thought it would be safe, but now I can’t remember it. A．which B．that C．where D．what 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我知道我把护照放在了一个我认为安全的地方，但现在我记不起来了。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是place，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选C。 3．（22-23高三上·天津·期末）Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ______ the audience can buy ice-cream. A．when B．what C．that D．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：音乐会两部分之间是中场休息，观众可以在这段时间买冰淇淋。句中先行词为interval，在非限定性定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故选A。 4．（22-23高一下·上海·期末）The New Year’s Eve dinner for Chinese people is a very special moment, ______ they share pleasure and food with their family members and friends. A．where B．when C．that D．during that time 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：对于中国人来说，年夜饭是一个非常特殊的时刻，他们与家人和朋友分享快乐和食物。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词moment，在从句中作时间状语，故用when。故选B。 5．（2024·天津河东·一模）The reason ______Hollywood was a natural place for making movies was that the sun shines there every day A．which B．what C．when D．why 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：好莱坞之所以是拍电影的好地方，是因为那里每天都有阳光。分析句子可知，空格处为连词，引导限制性定语从句，先行词为reason，定语从句句子成分完整，所以用关系副词why引导，在定语从句中充当原因状语。故选D项。 考点精讲06 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 先行词 关系词 例句 物 介词+which The sun heats the water and turns it intovapour. This forms clouds from which rainfalls down onto the mountain terraces once again. 水经太阳加热成为水蒸气，水蒸气形成云，而雨水又从云中再次落到山上的梯田里。 人 介词+whom These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to whom Guangxi is home. 这些梯田的建造者是广西当地的壮族和瑶族居民 （物/人）…的 介词+whose+n. Thanks to Mr. Smith, with whose help I made great progress in English. 感谢史密斯先生，在他的帮助下我在英语方面取得了很大进步。 PS：选择介词时，主要看它与先行词及从句中的名词、动词或形容词等的搭配。 1．（2024·天津南开·一模）Hate and anger are felt only for those ________ we care deeply. A．for which B．with which C．for whom D．with whom 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：憎恨和愤怒只会发生在我们深切关心的人身上。care for“关心”。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作for的宾语，应用介词for+whom引导。故选C。 2．（2023高三上·天津·阶段练习）Most women identified at least one trusted friends ________ they could turn for help. A．to which B．on which C．to whom D．on whom 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大多数女性至少有一个可以求助的可信赖的朋友。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为friends，turn to sb.为固定搭配，意为“求助某人”，故先行词从句中作介词to的宾语，指人，用关系代词whom。故选C。 3．（23-24高三上·天津河北·期末）Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ________ they can be controlled on purpose. A．for which B．to which C．of which D．on which 【答案】B 【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意：人类的面部表情与动物的不同之处在于它们可以在多大程度上被有意控制。表达“到达某种程度”应用to...degree，先行词是degree，作介词to的宾语，应用which。故选B。 4．（2024·天津武清·模拟预测）Haiti was struck by a terrible earthquake in January, ______ effects the people are still suffering months later. A．from which B．what C．where D．from whose 【答案】D 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：海地在1月份遭受了一场可怕的地震，几个月后，海地人民仍在遭受地震的影响。此处为介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，由句意及空后effects the people are still suffering months later可知从句缺少定语，应用关系代词whose，表示所属关系，作定语，修饰名词effects，suffer from...(忍受，遭受，患……病，受……之苦），将介词from提前，故选D项。 5．（22-23高三上·天津北辰·期中）Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers, without________ tireless work, none of this would be possible. A．that B．whose C．which D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们特别感谢成千上万的志愿者，没有他们不辞辛苦的工作，这一切都不会成为可能。without ____tireless work是非限制性定语从句，修饰volunteers，所填词要作定语，用whose。故选B。 考点精讲07 定语从句中way作先行词时关系词的使用 先行词 定语从句缺主、宾、表语 定语从句不缺主、宾、表语 way that （省略关系词） which in which 【例句】 尽管技术已经改变了我们结交朋友的方式,友情的意义和我们对朋友的渴望依然不变。 Although technology has changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. = Although technology has changed the way that we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. = Although technology has changed the way in which we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. 1．（2024·天津·二模）It is the way ________ you apply your body language to your address that greatly determines whether the listeners are engaged and convinced. A．how B．that C．which D．where 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正是你将肢体语言运用到演讲中的方式，在很大程度上决定了听众是否参与并信服。由句子结构可知，此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the way，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作状语，关系词可用that、in which或省略。故选B项。 2．（23-24高三下·天津·阶段练习）Dr. Hart says ______ he really admires is the way ______ she has acknowledged good health not only makes her more beautiful, but happier too. A．which, that B．that, what C．what, that D．that, which 【答案】C 【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：Hart博士说他真正钦佩的是，她认可健康的身体不仅使她更美丽，而且更快乐。分析句子可知，第一空引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导；第二空引导定语从句，先行词是way，关系词替代先行词在从句中作状语，用关系代词that引导，是固定用法。故选C。 3．（21-22高三上·天津·阶段练习）In the lecture, the principal shared with the audience the special way ______ values education is carried out in the university. A．which B．where C．how D．that 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：在讲座中，校长与听众分享了大学实施价值观教育的特殊方式。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是way，从句中不缺主语或宾语，way作先行词，其后的定语从句不缺主语或宾语时引导词可用that/in which/不填，只有D选项正确，故选D。 （最新模拟试题演练） 1．（2024·天津河北·二模）The world of sport is a place full of exciting opportunities ______ you can truly learn more about yourself. A．that B．when C．where D．what 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：体育世界是一个充满令人兴奋的机会的地方，在那里你可以真正更多地了解自己。根据句子结构可知，“______ you can truly learn more about yourself”是名词“a place”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故选C项。 2．（2024·天津南开·二模）The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _________ his employees enjoy their work. A．where B．which C．when D．that 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：公司老板正在努力营造一种轻松的氛围，让他的员工在其中享受工作。根据句意及主句谓语动词is和空后谓语动词enjoy可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词atmosphere“氛围”，先行词表地点或环境，空处表工作的环境或氛围，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where来引导定语从句。故选A。 3．（2024·天津·二模）After ten hours’ drive, we came to a green house, through ______ glass wall we saw lots of green plants. A．what B．that C．whose D．which 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：开车十小时后，我们来到了一所温室，透过它的玻璃墙我们看到了许多绿色的植物。此处是“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句，先行词是house，关与空格后的glass wall是所属关系，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose，故选C。 4．（2024·天津和平·二模）Our defeat, _______ some players blame themselves, was caused by bad luck. A．for what B．for which C．to whom D．on which 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们的失败是运气不好造成的，一些球员为此自责。分析句子可知，这里考查blame sb for sth表“为某事责怪某人”，为固定搭配，且这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为Our defeat，作介词for后面宾语，所以应用关系代词which。故选B项。 5．（2024·天津河西·二模）John is so selfish that he has reached a point ______ no one in our team wants to talk with him. A．where B．why C．that D．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：约翰是如此自私，以至于他达到了一个我们团队里没有人想和他说话的地步。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词point，先行词表示抽象地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故选A项。 6．（2024·天津河东·二模）Recent accidents, ________ fifty people lost their lives, are mainly due to the heavy fog. A．as B．which C．whose D．where 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最近的事故中有50人丧生，主要是由于大雾造成的。分析句子可知，此处为关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词accidents“事故”在从句中作地点状语成分。故选D项。 7．（2024·天津·二模）The masterpiece in the exhibition absolutely showed us a vivid scene __________ our ancestors went hunting and resisted the wild beast. A．when B．why C．which D．where 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这次展出的这幅杰作向我们生动地展示了我们的祖先去狩猎和抵抗野兽的情景。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为scene，为抽象地点名词，从句中不缺少主语或宾语，应用关系副词where引导，作地点状语。故选D。 8．（2024·天津·二模）There are hundreds of such scenes in movies, ______ the heavy rain reflects the sad feelings of the characters. A．when B．which C．where D．of which 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：电影中有数百个这样的场景，其中瓢泼大雨映射出了角色们的悲伤情绪。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词为scenes，先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导从句。故选C。 9．（2024·天津·二模）It is the way ________ you apply your body language to your address that greatly determines whether the listeners are engaged and convinced. A．how B．that C．which D．where 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正是你将肢体语言运用到演讲中的方式，在很大程度上决定了听众是否参与并信服。由句子结构可知，此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the way，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作状语，关系词可用that、in which或省略。故选B项。 10．（2024·天津·二模）He’s looking for a new job, one _______ he can get more money to support his family. A．when B．which C．that D．where 【答案】D 【详解】考查关系副词。句意：他在找一份新工作，一份能挣更多的钱来养家的工作。先行词为one ，代指a new job，在定语从句从句中作抽象地点状语，关系副词为where。故选D项。 11．（2024·天津河西·三模）After getting back to her hometown after graduation, Jenny finds it is no longer the village ______ it used to be. A．that B．where C．what D．how 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：毕业回到家乡后，珍妮发现它不再是以前的那个村庄了。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，village是先行词，从句中缺少表语，因此使用关系代词that引导定语从句，故选A项。 12．（2024·天津武清·模拟预测）Haiti was struck by a terrible earthquake in January, ______ effects the people are still suffering months later. A．from which B．what C．where D．from whose 【答案】D 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：海地在1月份遭受了一场可怕的地震，几个月后，海地人民仍在遭受地震的影响。此处为介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，由句意及空后effects the people are still suffering months later可知从句缺少定语，应用关系代词whose，表示所属关系，作定语，修饰名词effects，suffer from...(忍受，遭受，患……病，受……之苦），将介词from提前，故选D项。 13．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）True equality and excellent education are timeless issues ______ we should strive for and gain further insights into. A．where B．why C．when D．which 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：真正的平等和卓越的教育是我们应该努力追求并进一步深入了解的时代课题。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词issues。先行词指物，在定语从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故选D。 14．（2024·天津南开·一模）Hate and anger are felt only for those ________ we care deeply. A．for which B．with which C．for whom D．with whom 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：憎恨和愤怒只会发生在我们深切关心的人身上。care for“关心”。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作for的宾语，应用介词for+whom引导。故选C。 15．（2024·天津·一模）I admire my English teacher greatly as he always tries his best to create an atmosphere ______ students’ interest can be actively aroused. A．where B．that C．which D．when 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我非常钦佩我的英语老师，因为他总是尽力营造一种可以积极激发学生兴趣的氛围。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是atmosphere，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选A。 16．（2024·天津·一模）Liu Cixin has written many scientific fiction books, some of have been translated into other languages. A．them B．that C．which D．what 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：刘慈欣写了许多科幻小说，其中一些已被翻译成其他语言。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词many scientific fiction books，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which。故选C。 17．（2024·天津河西·一模）The result is not the same _____they had expected, _____was rather disappointing. A．what, as B．as, that C．as, which D．that, which 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词和定语从句。句意：结果和他们预期的不一样，这是相当令人失望的。the same as是固定短语，意为“与……一样”，因此第一空用as；第二空引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面整个主句的内容，因此第二空用which引导定语从句，故选C。 18．（2024·天津河北·一模）Football is a very popular sport, ________ many people like to compete. A．at which B．for which C．in which D．with which 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：足球是一项非常受欢迎的运动，许多人喜欢参加这项比赛。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为sport，结合compete的搭配“compete in+比赛”可知，此处先行词作介词in的宾语，in提到前面，其后搭配which。故选C项。 19．（2024·天津河东·一模）The reason ______Hollywood was a natural place for making movies was that the sun shines there every day A．which B．what C．when D．why 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：好莱坞之所以是拍电影的好地方，是因为那里每天都有阳光。分析句子可知，空格处为连词，引导限制性定语从句，先行词为reason，定语从句句子成分完整，所以用关系副词why引导，在定语从句中充当原因状语。故选D项。 20．（2024·天津和平·一模）I know I’ve put my passport in a place ______ I thought it would be safe, but now I can’t remember it. A．which B．that C．where D．what 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我知道我把护照放在了一个我认为安全的地方，但现在我记不起来了。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是place，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选C。 21．（2023·天津·二模）As well as competitions, there are events such as poetry salons ________ you can share poems with others. A．which B．when C．where D．what 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：除了比赛，还有诗歌沙龙这样的活动，在那里你可以和别人分享诗歌。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个限制性定语从句，修饰前面的poetry salons，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选C项。 22．（2023·天津河西·三模）When I went back to my hometown years later, I saw a beautiful park, ______ had been a wasteland for many years. A．that B．who C．when D．which 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句的连接词。句意：几年后但我回到家乡，我看到了一个美丽的公园，公园已经是一个湿地了。根据句子分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a beautiful park，指物，从句中缺少主语，故应用which引导，故选D。 23．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）The Temple of Heaven is a complex of buildings ________emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties in China worshiped heaven. A．what B．where C．which D．when 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：天坛是中国明清两代皇帝朝拜天坛的建筑群。定语从句修饰先行词buildings，在从句作地点状语，故用where。故选B。 24．（2023·天津北辰·模拟预测）Have you ever dreamed of singing in front of an audience of thousands at a concert, _______ everyone is clapping and appreciating your music? A．who B．that C．which D．where 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你有没有梦想过在一场音乐会上，每个人都在鼓掌和欣赏你的音乐，你在成千上万的观众面前唱歌？分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为a concert，且从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选D。 25．（2023·天津河北·二模）Good advertising, ________ people attach positive meaning, can contribute to the sales of a product. A．to which B．of which C．for which D．on which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句和固定搭配。句意：人们赋予积极的意义好广告可以促进产品的销售。分析句子可知，空处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，attach ...to...附上，添加，固定搭配，故此处介词用to，先行词是Good advertising，关系词在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词which，故选A。 26．（2023·天津和平·二模）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them. A．of whom B．about which C．from which D．by whom 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：威廉·海斯蒂曾提出，历史告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中吸取教训，而不必重蹈覆辙。分析句子可知，空处及之后的句子为定语从句，先行词为mistakes，句子表示“我们可以从错误中吸取教训，而不是重蹈覆辙”，所以空处用“from which”，故选C。 27．（2023·天津河东·二模）When I was young, my parents gave me an upbringing prepared me for the life challenges most of us have to face later in life. A．that B．what C．where D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当我还小的时候，我的父母给了我一个教育，让我为我们大多数人在以后的生活中面临的生活挑战做好了准备。分析句子结构可知，句中先行词为upbringing ，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that引导。故选A。 28．（2023·天津河北·一模）Generally speaking, the generation gap is actually a technology gap, ________ children update themselves on the latest technology while parents drop behind. A．where B．when C．which D．that 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：一般来说，代沟实际上是一种技术差距，孩子们在最新技术上更新自己，而父母却落后了。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a technology gap，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故选A项。 29．（2023·天津南开·一模）There are some characters in Jane Austen’s books in________ lives a slight fall of snow is an event. A．her B．whom C．whose D．their 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在简·奥斯汀的书中，有一些人物的生活中，一场小雪是一件大事。空处引导定语从句，先行词是character，代替先行词作lives的定语，应用关系代词whose。故选C项。 30．（2023·天津·一模）In the middle of this particular scene, I spot a small girl ______ ankle is twice its normal size. A．which B．that C．whose D．who 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在这个特别的场景中间，我发现了一个小女孩，她的脚踝是正常尺寸的两倍。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为girl，关系代词whose引导从句，在从句中作定语，限定名词ankle，意为“她的”。故选C项。 31．（2023·天津·模拟预测）They lived in a beautiful house, _________the windows were decorated with paper cuttings. A．of which B．on which C．with which D．by which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：他们住在一所漂亮的房子里，房子的窗户都装饰着剪纸。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是house，从句中缺少定语，应是the windows of house，所以应该用of which引导。故选A项。 32．（2023·天津和平·一模）Jackson turned out at the Grammy Awards, ________music artists are given an award for their artistic or technical achievement. A．when B．where C．which D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：杰克逊出席了格莱美颁奖典礼，这是音乐艺术家因其艺术或技术成就而获奖的地方。先行词为the Grammy Awards，在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 33．（2022·天津南开·一模）There are many mysteries about dinosaurs ________ we long to find explanations. A．to which B．that C．with which D．for which 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：关于恐龙有许多谜团，我们渴望找到解释。分析句子成分可知，空处应为关系词引导定语从句，指代先行词“mysteries”，且在定语从句中充当介词for的宾语，因为固定用法explanations for sth. “……的解释”。故选D。 34．（2021·天津宁河·一模）The book I’d like to recommend is Fu Lei’s Family Letters, ________ Fu Lei shared his views about art and life. A．that B．which C．where D．who 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想推荐的书是《傅雷家书》，在这本书里，傅雷分享了他对艺术和生活的看法。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，表示“在书中”。故用where。故选C。 35．（2022·天津南开·三模）We have visited the place ________ parts of the rocket came down. A．where B．whose C．which D．when 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们参观了火箭部件坠落的地方。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，指物的先行词place在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故选A。 36．（2022·天津南开·二模）The child is at the stage ______ she can say individual words but not full sentences. A．where B．which C．that D．when 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个孩子正处于能说出单个单词而不能说出完整句子的阶段。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词stage是抽象地点，因此空格处用关系副词where，故选A。 37．（2022·天津·一模）Since many former drug abusers have psychological problems, they often need support groups ________ they can talk about their struggles and find new ways to manage in the world. A．which B．who C．where D．when 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于许多前吸毒者有心理问题，他们经常需要支持小组，在那里他们可以谈论自己的斗争，并在世界上找到支撑的新方法。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是support groups，在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故选C项。 38．（2022·天津和平·三模）I have sent her several letters, ________ she hasn’t replied so far, so I decide to write her again. A．with which B．in which C．to which D．on which 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词+which的用法。句意：我给她写了好几封信，她到现在还没有回信，所以我决定再给她写封信。分析句子可知，此处为介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句，其中replied to letters“回信”为固定短语，故将此处的介词to前置放在which前，先行词letters在从句作replied to的宾语成分。故选C项。 39．（2022·天津河东·二模）The solider ______ arms are missing in the battle has just got a first class merit. A．whose B．who C．whom D．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那个在战斗中失去手臂的士兵刚刚获得一等功勋。分析句子可知，空处引导一个限制性定语从句，代替先行词solider，指人，在从句中充当定语修饰从句主语arms，所以应填关系代词whose。故选A项。 40．（2022·天津滨海新·一模）The use of genetic engineering should be restricted to just those cases _____ the health of the mother or her baby is threatened. A．in which ​​​ B．how C．of whom D．why 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：母亲或婴儿健康受到威胁的情况下，基因工程的使用应该被限制。分析句子结构可知，此处是考查定语从句，先行词是cases，在这些情况下是in those cases。故介词为in，关系代词为which。故选A项。 41．（2022·天津河西·二模）If a shopping mall has chairs________ women can park their men, women will spend more time in it. A．which B．that C．where D．when 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果商店有椅子，可供女人们安顿他们的丈夫，女人们在商店就会花更多时间。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词为chairs，是地点，因此空格处用关系副词where，故选C。 42．（2022·天津·二模）Those ______ achieve great things are the ones willing to be scared but not scared off. A．what B．who C．which D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些取得伟大成就的人是那些愿意被吓到但不会被吓倒的人。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Those指人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故选B。 43．（2022·天津河北·二模）There is no month in the whole year ________ nature wears a more beautiful appearance than in the month of August. A．where B．what C．when D．that 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一年中没有哪个月比八月的自然更美丽。分析句子结合句意可知，此处包含一个定语从句，先行词为month，指时间，从句缺少时间状语，所以用表示时间的关系副词when引导从句，在从句中作状语。故选C。 44．（2022·天津南开·一模）Internet is an important part of society now, ______ has even influenced our language. A．as B．that C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：互联网是当今社会的重要组成部分，它甚至影响了我们的语言。A. as正如；B. that那；C. which哪一个；D. where哪里。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Internet，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导从句。故选C项。 45．（2022·天津和平·一模）Later in this chapter the case will be introduced to readers ______ consumers’ support became a stream of motivation for improvement of the company. A．who B．when C．which D．where 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：之后，在这章中，这种案例将会被介绍给读者，在这种案例中，消费者的支持变成了对于公司提升的一股激励的清泉。A. who谁，指代人；B. when什么时候，指代时间；C. which哪一个，指代物；D. where什么地方，指代地点。分析从句结构，主语consumers’ support消费者的支持，系动词became变成，表语a stream of motivation一股激励的清泉，结构完整，考虑关系副词。限制性定语从句修饰主句先行词case，在从句中作状语成分in the case，表示抽象地点，故选D。 46．（2022·天津·一模）I’ll ask the teacher about the subjunctive mood ______I’m very puzzled about; and that’s also ______ most of our classmates have doubt. A．which; what B．why; that C．which; where D．that; how 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：我会问老师关于虚拟语气的问题，我对此很困惑；这也是我们大多数同学怀疑的地方。“I’m very puzzled about”是定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词“the subjunctive mood”是物，因此第一空用关系代词which/that引导定语从句，“most of our classmates have doubt”是表语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，根据语境可知，句子表示“这也是我们大多数同学怀疑的地方”，因此空格处是“......的地方”，因此第二空用where引导表语从句，故选C。 47．（2022·天津·一模）To be honest, I don’t want to get a job ________ I’m chained to a desk all day. It will bore me to death. A．that B．what C．where D．which 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老实说，我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。它会把我烦死的。分析句子可知，“ I’m chained to a desk all day”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词job，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这份工作中”，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故选C项。 48．（2022·天津河西·一模）Peter invited over 30 people to his birthday party, most of ________ are his classmates. A．them B．that C．whom D．which 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：彼得邀请了30多人来参加他的生日聚会，其中大多数是他的同学。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词people，作介词of的宾语，指人，应用whom。故选C。 49．（2022·天津和平·一模）He has been preparing for the conference since last week ________ he will deliver a speech on the reform of the company. A．where B．that C．when D．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：从上周开始，他一直在为会议做准备，他将在会上就公司的改革发表演讲。分析句子可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the conference，在从句中作地点状语，意为“在会上”，所以此处用关系副词where引导从句。故选A。 50．（2022·天津河东·一模）Because of COVD-19, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 5,000 yuan for one night. A．if B．when C．which D．since 【答案】B 【详解】考查连词。句意：受新冠肺炎疫情影响，当地5星级酒店一晚5000元的日子已经一去不复返了。分析句子可知，此处引导分割式限制性定语从句，先行词为days，关系副词when引导从句，在从句中作时间状语，相当于during which，意为“在那时”。故选B项。 翻译句子 1．上周举办了一系列冬季健身活动，激发了学生们的锻炼热情。（which引导的非限制性定语从句） (汉译英) 【答案】Last week witnessed a series of winter fitness activities, which sparked enthusiasm for exercise among students. 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。根据汉语意思，主语可用无生命的主语Last week表示；根据“Last week”，确定句子时态为一般过去时，谓语为witnessed；表示“一系列冬季健身活动”应为复数形式，短语为a series of winter fitness activities；which引导的非限制性定语从句中，关系词在从句中作主语；谓语用一般过去时，用sparked表示；宾语为“学生们的锻炼热情”，可用enthusiasm for exercise among students表示。故整句翻译为Last week witnessed a series of winter fitness activities, which sparked enthusiasm for exercise among students。 2．正如我们所知，体育在我们的日常生活中起着至关重要的作用。(as引导的非限制性定语从句) (汉译英) 【答案】As we know, sports plays a critical role in our daily life. 【详解】考查定语从句。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；表示“正如我们所知”应用as we know，as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作宾语；表示“体育”应用sports；表示“起着重要作用”应用play a critical role，主语为sports，看作一个整体，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式；表示“在我们的日常生活中”应用in our daily life。故翻译成：As we know, sports plays a critical role in our daily life.。 3．在毕业仪式上，她向帮助过她的人表达了感激之情。(gratitude) (汉译英) 【答案】At the graduation ceremony, she expressed her gratitude to those who had helped her. 【详解】考查介词，名词，一般过去时，过去完成时，定语从句。“毕业”为graduation；“仪式”为ceremony；“在毕业仪式上”用介词at；所以状语部分为“at the graduation ceremony”。“表达”为express；动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。“感激”为gratitude，“向……表达感激”用介词to；根据汉语意思可知，“帮助她的人”为定语，所以为那些帮助过她的人；“those”为那些；定语从句中先行词为人，且在从句中作主语，所以用who；“帮助”动作发生在“表达”之前，所以用过去完成时。所以后半句翻译为she expressed her gratitude to those who had helped her。故答案为At the graduation ceremony, she expressed her gratitude to those who had helped her. 4．很荣幸能在这里与大家分享音乐对我生活的影响。（It’s an honor to..., have an impact on）（汉译英） 【答案】It's an honor to be here to share with you the impact that music has had on my life. 【详解】考查固定短语、定语从句。表示“很荣幸”应使用It's an honor to...结构，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为to do不定式；表示“与某人分享某物”短语为share sth with sb；表示“对……的影响”短语为have an impact on...；“音乐”在句中作为先行词，后跟that引导的定语从句，故翻译为It's an honor to be here to share with you the impact that music has had on my life。 5．我是李华，一名10年级的学生，目前就读于新华高中。（who引导的非限制性定语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】I’m Li Hua, a Grade 10 student who is currently studying at Xinhua Senior High School. 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。主语为I；为主系表结构，Li Hua作表语，陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时；表示“一名10年级的学生”应用a Grade 10 student，作同位语；后跟定语从句修饰先行词student，关系词在从句作主语，指人，可用who引导；表示“目前”应用副词currently；表示“就读于新华高中”翻译为study at Xinhua Senior High School，表示正在发生的事情，应用现在进行时。故翻译为I’m Li Hua, a Grade 10 student who is currently studying at Xinhua Senior High School. 6．这是一个真正温暖人心的时刻，永远不会消失。(汉译英) 【答案】It was a truly heartwarming moment, which would never vanish. 【详解】考查名词，动词和定语从句。“这”用人称代词it作主语，“是”用be动词表示，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，“一个真正温暖人心的时刻”表示为a truly heartwarming moment作表语，其中副词truly作状语，修饰heartwarming，“永远不会消失”指这个时刻不会消失，可以用which引导的非限制性定语从句表示，which在从句中作主语，先行词是“时刻”，“消失”用动词vanish表示，根据句意可知，这个动作表示从过去看将要发生的事情，故用过去将来时。“永远不会”用副词never表示。故译为It was a truly heartwarming moment, which would never vanish。 7．我感谢我的老师，他的鼓励和支持让我发现了自己的潜能。(汉译英) 【答案】I am grateful to my teacher, whose encouragement and support helped me discover my potential. 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。主语我译为“I”，表示“感谢”应用短语be grateful to，描述一般事实，用一般现在时；“老师”译为“my teacher”，后面的句子为定语从句，my teacher作先行词时，用关系代词whose 来引导定语从句，修饰名词，在从句中作定语；“鼓励和支持”是不可数名词短语，应用encouragement and support表示；“让我发现”描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，译为“helped me discover；“自己的潜能”用my potential表示。故翻译为I am grateful to my teacher, whose encouragement and support helped me discover my potential. 8．我永远不会忘记这段经历，它将永远是我一生中最珍贵的回忆之一。(汉译英) 【答案】I will never forget this experience, which will always be one of the most precious memories of my life. 【详解】考查一般将来时和定语从句。根据句意，描述的是将来的事，时态用一般将来时。用主从句形式表达，后面构成非限制性定语从句，引导词指物作从句主语，用which。“我”作主语，用I；“永远不会忘记这段经历”应用will never forget this experience；定语从句引导词用which；表示“将永远是”，应用will always be；表示“一生中最珍贵的回忆之一”，应用be one of the most precious memories of my life作表语。故翻译为I will never forget this experience, which will always be one of the most precious memories of my life. 9．去年暑假我学会了传统中国油画技巧，这证明是一个充实的过程。(汉译英) 【答案】Last summer vacation, I learned traditional Chinese oil painting techniques, which proved to be a fulfilling process. 【详解】考查动词、名词和非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般过去时，描述过去情况。表示“去年暑假”应用last summer vacation，在本句中作状语；表示“我学会了传统中国油画技巧”应用句子I learned traditional Chinese oil painting techniques，为主谓宾结构；表示“这证明是一个充实的过程”应用句子which proved to be a fulfilling process，为非限制性定语从句，which指代上文这件事。故翻译为Last summer vacation, I learned traditional Chinese oil painting techniques, which proved to be a fulfilling process. 10．我的成功归功于我的社会老师，他是我写作道路上的指路明灯。(汉译英) 【答案】I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing. 【详解】考查动词短语和定语从句。句子“我的成功归功于我的社会老师”可以表述为“我把我的成功归功于我的社会老师”，主语是I；表示“把……归功于”短语为owe...to...，句子表示的是一个客观情况，句子使用一般现在时；“我的成功”是my success；“我的社会老师”翻译为my social teacher，故主句为I owe my success to my social teacher；“他是我写作道路上的指路明灯”处理为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词my social teacher，系动词用is；“指路明灯”可译为beacon，表示泛指用a修饰；表示“在写作的道路上”含义的表达为in my life on the road to writing。故翻译为：I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing. 11．If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. (英译汉) 【答案】如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不赋予人类一部分特权的历史，你就不能仅仅通过文本来做，因为世界上只有一些人曾经有过文本，而世界上的大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。 【详解】考查条件状语从句，定语从句，原因状语从句和省略句。If you want to tell the history of the whole world意为“如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，if引导条件状语从句，a history充当同位语，其后被关系代词that引导的定语从句修饰，a history that does not privilege one part of humanity意为“一段不赋予人类一部分特权的历史”，主句you cannot do it through texts alone, 意为“你就不能仅仅通过文本来做”，从属连词because引导原因状语从句，并列连词while之后使用省略，省略谓语部分和宾语，because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not意为“因为世界上只有一些人曾经有过文本，而世界上的大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有”。故翻译为如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不赋予人类一部分特权的历史，你就不能仅仅通过文本来做，因为世界上只有一些人曾经有过文本，而世界上的大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。 12．He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. (英译汉) 【答案】他建议我考虑一下我想要的角色结局和适合角色的结局之间的区别，即使他们没有传统上积极的结果，也能满足故事的结局。 【详解】考查虚拟语气和时态。He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters意为“他建议我考虑一下我想要的角色结局和适合角色的结局之间的区别”，suggest后虚拟语气，省略that和should，句子中的that引导的是定语从句，endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome意为“即使他们没有传统上积极的结果，也能满足故事的结局”，even if引导让步状语从句。描述过去的事情，都应一般过去时，故翻译为他建议我考虑一下我想要的角色结局和适合角色的结局之间的区别，即使他们没有传统上积极的结果，也能满足故事的结局。 13．Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the people and activities you love. (英译汉) 【答案】在你的公司里找到有共同兴趣的人，围绕你热爱的人和活动发展你的事业（职业）。 【详解】考查祈使句在长难句中的运用。此处who引导定语从句修饰先行词people。主句是祈使句，省略主语you。Find people in your company who share common interests表示“在你的公司里找到有共同兴趣的人”；develop your career表示“发展你的事业（职业）”；around the people and activities you love表示“围绕你热爱的人和活动”。故翻译为：在你的公司里找到有共同兴趣的人，围绕你热爱的人和活动发展你的事业（职业）。 14．Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades — the exact opposite of me. (英译汉) 【答案】这是一个具有挑战性的学生，他以一心一意和好成绩而闻名——与我完全相反。 【详解】考查定语从句。句子主句是Here was this challenging student，是一个完全倒装句，翻译为：这是一个具有挑战性的学生；之后是who引导的定语从句修饰先行词student，且关系词在从句中作主语；had a reputation for翻译为：以……而闻名；从句宾语single-mindedness and good grades翻译为：一心一意和好成绩；破折号后翻译为：与我完全相反，对前文进行解释说明。故翻译为：这是一个具有挑战性的学生，他以一心一意和好成绩而闻名——与我完全相反。 15．We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. (英译汉) 【答案】我们被甜食所诱惑，因为我们的祖先生活在一个低热量的世界，我们的大脑对这些食物发展出了一种反应机制，反映了它们的价值——一种奖励和满足感。 【详解】考查句子结构。We are tempted by sugary treats是一般现在时的被动语态，译为“我们被甜食所诱惑”；because“因为”引导的原因状语从句中，our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world译为“我们的祖先生活在一个低热量的世界”，是主谓句型；并列句and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats译为“我们的大脑对这些食物发展出了一种反应机制”，that引导的限制性定语从句that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction译为“（它）反映了它们的价值——一种奖励和满足感”，修饰先行词a response mechanism。故翻译为：我们被甜食所诱惑，因为我们的祖先生活在一个低热量的世界，我们的大脑对这些食物发展出了一种反应机制，反映了它们的价值——一种奖励和满足感。 16．Festivals are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. (英译汉) 【答案】节日是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。 【详解】考查名词、动词短语、时态和定语从句。Festivals 意为“节日”，作主语，occasions意为“时刻；场合”，表语，同时为定语从句的先行词，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词occasions，在定语从句中作主语，allow 意为“允许”，作定语从句的谓语， relax and enjoy life意为“放松和享受生活”，不定式作宾语补足语，forget about意为“忘记……”，与to relax and enjoy life并列作宾语补足语，our work意为“我们的工作”，作forget about的宾语，for a little while意为“一会儿；暂时”，作状语，故翻译为节日是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。 17．She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance that usually exists between people.（英译汉） 【答案】她意识到互联网最大的好处之一是能够消除通常存在于人与人之间的距离感。 【详解】考查宾语从句、定语从句和非谓语动词。分析句子结构，第一个that引导宾语从句，作reallised的宾语，可直接跟在主句She realised...(她意识到……)后面翻译；宾语从句中的主语one of the greatest benefits of the Internet可翻译为“互联网最大的好处之一”，表语为its ability，结合后面的不定式定语可一起翻译为“能够……”，remove可翻译为“消除”，distance可翻译为“距离感”；第二个that引导的是定语从句，修饰distance，可翻译为前置定语，所以that usually exists between people可翻译为“通常存在于人与人之间的”。故本句可翻译为：她意识到互联网最大的好处之一是能够消除通常存在于人与人之间的距离感。 18．We visited the Louvre Museum located in the heart of Paris, which, as a globally renowned cultural heritage site, houses masterpieces such as Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa among its vast collections. (英译汉) 【答案】我们参观了位于巴黎市中心的卢浮宫，它作为一个举世闻名的文化遗产地，其内收藏有包括达芬奇的《蒙娜丽莎》在内的众多艺术杰作。 【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知，本句为含有非限制性定语从句的复合句，主语We“我们”，谓语visited“参观”，宾语the Louvre Museum“卢浮宫”，located in the heart of Paris“位于巴黎市中心的”为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the Louvre Museum，which引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，从句谓语houses“收藏”，宾语masterpieces“杰作”，such as Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa“例如达芬奇的《蒙娜丽莎》”，among its vast collections“在众多的收藏中”，as a globally renowned cultural heritage site“作为一个举世闻名的文化遗产地”为介词短语作状语。故翻译为：我们参观了位于巴黎市中心的卢浮宫，它作为一个举世闻名的文化遗产地，其内收藏有包括达芬奇的《蒙娜丽莎》在内的众多艺术杰作。 19．You will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. (英译汉) 【答案】你都可以发现四个不同的民族在历史的不同时期执掌政权的痕迹。 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，You will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people为主句，who took over at different times throughout history是定语从句，修饰先行词people。主句中You will be surrounded by evidence of翻译为“你都可以发现……的痕迹”，four different groups of people翻译为“四个不同的民族”，定语从句中took over固定搭配，意为“掌权”，at different times翻译为“不同时期”，throughout history翻译为“在历史上”，调整语序，故整句翻译为：你都可以发现四个不同的民族在历史的不同时期执掌政权的痕迹。 20．After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959. （英译汉） 【答案】在听取了研究该问题的科学家以及大坝附近居民的意见后，政府于1959年向联合国求助。 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。After listening to the scientists 翻译为“在听取了科学家之后”，after后接动名词作宾语， scientists 后接who引导的定语从句，who had studied the problem翻译为“研究该问题的”， citizens为居民，后接 who引导的定语从句。who lived near the dam翻译为“居住在大坝附近的”。the government翻译为“政府”，turned to the United Nations for help in 1959翻译为“1959年向联合国求助”。整句都为一般过去时。故翻译为：在听取了研究该问题的科学家以及大坝附近居民的意见后，政府于1959年向联合国求助。 1．（2023·天津·高考真题）Kenny still remembers the class discussion ________the teacher asked students to share what they wanted to be when they grew up. A．why B．which C．that D．where 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Kenny仍然记得课堂上的讨论，老师要求学生们分享他们长大后想成为什么样的人。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the class discussion。先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，意为“在课堂讨论中”，是“模糊地点”，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选D。 2．（2022·天津·高考真题）Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler, ________ routes round a city or a site are often suggested. A．for which B．with which C．for whom D．with whom 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：旅游指南是为了给游客提供方便的，里面为游客建议了参观一个城市或景点的线路。分析句子成分可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词traveler；结合句意，路线是给游客提供、为了游客而给出的建议，故需要用介词for表示“给……”，先行词为人，故for后用whom。故选C项。 3．（2011·天津·高考真题）The days are gone ______ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. A．when B．that C．where D．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：靠体力谋生的日子一去不复返了。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导定语从句，修饰先行词the days，先行词作从句的时间状语，用关系副词when引导定语从句。故选A项。 4．（2021·天津·高考真题）In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world. A．when B．where C．what D．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：春天是我们学习新的生活节奏的季节，许多人在大自然中找到了舒适感。此处a season是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，定语从句由关系副词when引导。故选A。 5．（2017·天津·高考真题）I have reached a point in my career ________ I need to decide which way to go. A．that B．where C．which D．why 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在我的职业生涯中，我已经到了我需要决定走哪条路的地步。 分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是a point，表示抽象地点，在从句中作地点状语。故选B。 6．（2021·天津·高考真题）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them. A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知，past mistakes为先行词，_____ we can learn without repeating them.为定语从句，从句中谓语动词can learn可知，要从过去的错误中学习，learn from“从……中学习”，可知应用from which引导定语从句。故选A。 7．（2021·天津·高考真题）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. A．where B．which C．that D．when 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知，stands 作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ，从句中不缺主宾表，故选关系副词，先行词stands 在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。故选A。 8．（2020·天津·高考真题）Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. A．whose B．of whom C．of which D．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。 9．（2020·天津·高考真题）Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990 s, ____________he gave it to his grandson. A．which B．when C．where D．who 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：史密斯先生一直拥有这幅油画，直到20世纪90年代初，他把它送给了孙子。句中包含定语从句，先行词是the early 1990 s，在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故选B。 10．（2018·天津·高考真题）There was a long wait at the reception desk, ______ everyone was checking in. A．why B．which C．whom D．where 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：接待处前排起了常常的队伍，每个人都在登记。分析句子的可知，the 11．（2019·天津·高考真题）Their child is at the stage ______ she can say individual words but not full sentences. A．why B．where C．which D．what 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。 12．（2019·天津·高考真题）The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, ______ up to half will be from abroad. A．who B．of which C．when D．of whom 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句。句意：该课程通常每年吸引约100名学生，其中多达一半来自国外。先行词是100 students，是人，排除B/C；代入定语从句________up to half will be from abroad应是up to half of the 100 students will be from abroad.故D选项正确。 13．（2016·天津·高考真题）We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ___ the weather may be better. A．that B．where C．which D．when 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。 14．（2014·天津·高考真题）English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _________ uses it differently. A．all of which B．each of which C．all of them D．each of them 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查定语从句。解题步骤：1. 确定从句：从空格到句末是定语从句。排除CD项，这两项并不是定语从句。2. 确定成分：从句_________ uses it differently.缺少主语，根据前一句可知，先行词是several diverse cultures，在定语从句里使用which指代先行词作为介词of的宾语。3. 确定选项：A项在定语从句中作主语的时候，谓语动词要使用复数形式，定语从句中的uses说明A项是错误的。B项中的each作主语，谓语动词使用单数形式。句意：英语是一个被很多不同的文化共同使用的语言，每一种文化使用英语的方法都是不一样的。故选B。 15．（2018·天津·高考真题）Kate, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. A．whom B．that C．whose D．her 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语，故用关系代词whose。故选C。 16．（2017·天津·高考真题）My eldest son, ________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. A．that B．whose C．his D．who 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的最大儿子，他的工作带他去全世界，现在在纽约。本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是my eldest son，根据句意和空后名词，确定引导词作定语，在定语从句中只有引导词whose修饰名词作定语，意为“……的”。故选B。 17．（2015·天津·高考真题）The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _______his employees enjoy their work. A．where B．which C．when D．who 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故选A。 18．（2013·天津·高考真题）We have launched another man-made satellite, ______ is announced in today’s newspaper. A．that B．which C．who D．what 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句中关系代词。句意：我们已经发射了另一颗人造卫星，这在今天的报纸上宣布了。此句的先行词代指前面整个句子，且是非限制性定语从句，需用which引导。that不引导非限制性定语从句。故选B项。 19．（2012·天津·高考真题）I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _____ help I would never have got this far. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我就不会走得这么远。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词Professor Smith，在后面定语从句中作help的定语，所以关系代词为whose。故选B项。 20．（2007·天津·高考真题）Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ________ sight matters more than hearing. A．when B．whose C．which D．where 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些成功的聋哑舞者认为跳舞是一种视觉比听觉更重要的活动。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词an activity，先行词在从句中地点状语，表示事情发生的地点，因此应用关系副词where作引导词。故选D。 21．（2010·天津·高考真题）----Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? ----You should try the barber’s _______I go. It’s only 15. A．as B．which C．where D．that 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：---你相信我理发花了30美元吗？---你可以试试我去的那个理发馆。才15美元。the barber’s 为先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故选C。 22．（2009·天津·高考真题）A person ______ e-mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e-mails. A．who B．whom C．whose D．whoever 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个人的电子邮箱满了，就不能收发电子邮件了。先行词为a person，与从句中e-mail account之间为所属关系，用whose引导定语从句，故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练） 1. 高考真题考点分布（天津卷） 考点 题型 定语从句 单项 选择 2023 6月 2023 3月 2022 6月 2022 4月 2021 6月 2021 3月 2020 7月 2020 5月 2019 6月 2019 3月 数量 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2. 命题规律及备考策略 【命题规律】近5年天津卷对于定语从句的考查集中于单项选择题，主要考查： 1．定语从句中关系副词的选择 2．定语从句中关系代词的选择 3．定语从句中“介词+关系代词”的选择 【备考策略】 高考天津卷在考查考生对定语从句的掌握情况时，特别注重他们在特定语境下辨识定语从句及其先行词的能力，以及正确使用关系代词和关系副词引导从句的能力。考生需在准确理解语境并深入分析句子的基础上，准确辨识定语从句及其先行词，进而准确判断应使用的关系代词或关系副词。 近年来，高考天津卷对定语从句的考查范围已不仅局限于单项填空题，还拓展至完形填空、阅读理解和阅读表达等多种题型中。因此，考生在日常学习中，应更加注重在语境中加强对定语从句的辨识能力，以及对从句引导词用法的熟练掌握，同时关注定语从句先行词与从句谓语动词的搭配关系、引导词的省略现象等，并熟记各种句型和特殊表达形式。 【命题预测】 2025年单项选择对定语从句的考查仍然是重点，主要集中考查关系代词、关系副词和“介词+关系代词”的使用。 必备基础知识： 定语从句的关系词 分类 关系词 先行词 充当从句成分 关系代词 that 物/人 主语、宾语、表语 which 物 主语、宾语、表语 who 人 主语、宾语、表语 whom 人 宾语 whose 物/人 定语 as 物/人 主语、宾语、表语 关系副词 where 地点/抽象名词 地点状语 when 时间 时间状语 why 原因 原因状语 重难点知识： 考点精讲01关系代词（that, which, who, whom）引导的定语从句 关系词及用法 例句 备注 that既可以指代物，也可以指代人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 Nowadays, we can move around the worldand still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. 如今，我们可以一边周游世界，一边仍与我们想与之维系友谊的人保持联系。 that不能用于非限制性定语从句； that在从句中作宾语时可以省略 which一般指代物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 The modern car is no longer the car which it was in the 1930s. 现代的汽车已不再是20世纪30年代的汽车了。 which也可以指代主句所描述的整个一件事； which在从句中作宾语时可以省略 who指代人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 The digital age also enables us to find peoplewho share our interests, such as collectingmodel cars or playing an unusual instrument. 数字时代还可以帮我们找到志趣相投的人一例如收集汽车模型或演奏不寻常的乐器。 who在从句中作宾语时可以省略 whom 指代人，在从句中作宾语。 He is the man whom I’m looking for. 他正是我在找的人。 whom在从句中不能充当主语； whom在从句中作宾语时可以省略 1．（2024·天津河西·三模）After getting back to her hometown after graduation, Jenny finds it is no longer the village ______ it used to be. A．that B．where C．what D．how 2．（2023·天津河西·三模）When I went back to my hometown years later, I saw a beautiful park, ______ had been a wasteland for many years. A．that B．who C．when D．which 3．（23-24高三上·天津蓟州·期末）The digital age also enables us to find people ________ share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing computer games. A．which B．what C．who D．whose 4．（2021·天津南开·一模）I forgot the website _______ I intended to add to my favorite. It can help me learn how to write English composition. A．which B．where C．when D．on which 考点精讲02关系代词（whose）引导的定语从句 关系词及用法 例句 备注 whose表所属关系,意为“......的”，既可以指代物，也可以指代人，在从句中作定语。指物时相当于of which；指人时相当于of whom This is the house whose window was broken last night. = This is the house, the window of which was broken last night. = This is the house, of which the window was broken last night. 这就是昨晚窗户被打破的那所房子。 whose+n.= the+n.+of whom/ which = of whom/which+the + n. 1．（2024·天津南开·模拟预测）The company hired a new CEO ______ innovative ideas have led to significant growth. A．that B．whose C．which D．who 2．（23-24高三下·天津南开·开学考试）Last summer I stayed at a fantastic hotel facilities are brilliant. A．that B．where C．which D．whose 3．（2023·天津·一模）In the middle of this particular scene, I spot a small girl ______ ankle is twice its normal size. A．which B．that C．whose D．who 考点精讲03关系代词（as）引导的定语从句 关系词及用法 例句 备注 as引导限制性定语从句时，先行词多由such 或 the same修饰，构成such...as，the same... as，as... as结构，可以指代人，也可以指代物。 This is the same book as I read last week. 这和我上周读的那本书是一样的。 He is such a great scientist as ever lived. 他是有史以来很伟大的一名科学家。 常用搭配： the same…as… such…as… as引导非限制性定语从句时，指代整个主句，且位置较灵活，可以位于主句首或句中，一般用逗号与主句隔开，通常译为“正如……”。 As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods. 正如亚里士多德所说，没有人会选择没有朋友的生活，哪怕他拥有其他所有财富。 as常用句式： as the old saying goes 老话说得好 as is often the case 通常的情况是 as anybody can see 正如人人都能看到的那样 as is well-known = as is known to all众所周知 as we had expected正如我们所预料的那样 as often happens 正如经常发生的那样 as has been said before 如上所述 as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的 1．（23-24高三上·天津·阶段练习） is well known to us, Tianjin has a history of more than 600 years. A．As B．What C．Where D．It 2．（22-23高三上·天津·阶段练习）________is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations. A．As B．That C．It D．Which 3．（2022·天津·模拟预测）The number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. A．where B．which C．what D．as 4．（2021·天津和平·三模）________ is widely accepted, in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses, but this is not a polite way of greeting in other cultures. A．As B．It C．Which D．What 考点精讲04只用that不用which的情况 条件 例句 人和物共同作先行词时 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? 你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗？ 先行词为all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, one等不定代词时 Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? 你有什么要为自己说的吗？ You should hand in all that you have. 你应该把你所有的物品都上交。 先行词被 the only, the very (恰恰，正好), any, few, little, no, all等修饰时 This is the very bus that I'm waiting for. 这正是我在等的公交车。 The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. 我们唯一能做的就是给你一些钱。 先行词前有最高级或有序数词修饰时，或先行词为序数词时 This is the best way that has been used against pollution.这是用过的最好的抗污染的办法。 主句的主语是疑问词who 或 which时 Which is the book that you lost? 哪本是你丢的书？ Who is the boy that won the gold medal? 谁是获得金牌的男孩？ 1．（23-24高三上·天津·期中）The absolute most important skill ________ you learn when you play chess is how to make good decisions. A．that B．what C．whether D．how 2．（21-22高三上·天津·开学考试）You may search on the Internet for professors and their courses about the university ________ may interest you. A．that B．where C．which D．who 3．（21-22高三上·天津·阶段练习）You're the only person ________I've ever met ________could do it. A．who;/ B．/; whom C．whom;/ D．/; who 考点精讲05关系副词引导的定语从句 关系词及用法 例句 备注 where指代表示地点的先行词，也可指代一些表示抽象地点的名词。可换为“介词+which”。 Eventually, it manages to reach the places where/in which it will spend the winter. 它最终成功抵达过冬的地点。 There comes a point where you give up. 现在你该放弃了。 where引导定语从句时，常见的抽象名词有：family, job, work, situation, case, condition, point, stage等。 when指代表示时间的先行词， 可换为“介词+which”。 If this works, there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again. 如果这些努力产生效果，黑脉金斑蝶的数量在未来有可能再次上升。 occasion和interval后面的定语从句常用when引导。 There was an occasion when he was invited to deliver a lecture on genetic engineering. 有一次他被邀请作一个关于遗传工程的演讲。 1．（2024·天津河西·二模）John is so selfish that he has reached a point ______ no one in our team wants to talk with him. A．where B．why C．that D．which 2．（2024·天津和平·一模）I know I’ve put my passport in a place ______ I thought it would be safe, but now I can’t remember it. A．which B．that C．where D．what 3．（22-23高三上·天津·期末）Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ______ the audience can buy ice-cream. A．when B．what C．that D．which 4．（22-23高一下·上海·期末）The New Year’s Eve dinner for Chinese people is a very special moment, ______ they share pleasure and food with their family members and friends. A．where B．when C．that D．during that time 5．（2024·天津河东·一模）The reason ______Hollywood was a natural place for making movies was that the sun shines there every day A．which B．what C．when D．why 考点精讲06 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 先行词 关系词 例句 物 介词+which The sun heats the water and turns it intovapour. This forms clouds from which rainfalls down onto the mountain terraces once again. 水经太阳加热成为水蒸气，水蒸气形成云，而雨水又从云中再次落到山上的梯田里。 人 介词+whom These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to whom Guangxi is home. 这些梯田的建造者是广西当地的壮族和瑶族居民 （物/人）…的 介词+whose+n. Thanks to Mr. Smith, with whose help I made great progress in English. 感谢史密斯先生，在他的帮助下我在英语方面取得了很大进步。 PS：选择介词时，主要看它与先行词及从句中的名词、动词或形容词等的搭配。 1．（2024·天津南开·一模）Hate and anger are felt only for those ________ we care deeply. A．for which B．with which C．for whom D．with whom 2．（2023高三上·天津·阶段练习）Most women identified at least one trusted friends ________ they could turn for help. A．to which B．on which C．to whom D．on whom 3．（23-24高三上·天津河北·期末）Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ________ they can be controlled on purpose. A．for which B．to which C．of which D．on which 4．（2024·天津武清·模拟预测）Haiti was struck by a terrible earthquake in January, ______ effects the people are still suffering months later. A．from which B．what C．where D．from whose 5．（22-23高三上·天津北辰·期中）Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers, without________ tireless work, none of this would be possible. A．that B．whose C．which D．whom 考点精讲07 定语从句中way作先行词时关系词的使用 先行词 定语从句缺主、宾、表语 定语从句不缺主、宾、表语 way that （省略关系词） which in which 【例句】 尽管技术已经改变了我们结交朋友的方式,友情的意义和我们对朋友的渴望依然不变。 Although technology has changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. = Although technology has changed the way that we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. = Although technology has changed the way in which we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. 1．（2024·天津·二模）It is the way ________ you apply your body language to your address that greatly determines whether the listeners are engaged and convinced. A．how B．that C．which D．where 2．（23-24高三下·天津·阶段练习）Dr. Hart says ______ he really admires is the way ______ she has acknowledged good health not only makes her more beautiful, but happier too. A．which, that B．that, what C．what, that D．that, which 3．（21-22高三上·天津·阶段练习）In the lecture, the principal shared with the audience the special way ______ values education is carried out in the university. A．which B．where C．how D．that （最新模拟试题演练） 1．（2024·天津河北·二模）The world of sport is a place full of exciting opportunities ______ you can truly learn more about yourself. A．that B．when C．where D．what 2．（2024·天津南开·二模）The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _________ his employees enjoy their work. A．where B．which C．when D．that 3．（2024·天津·二模）After ten hours’ drive, we came to a green house, through ______ glass wall we saw lots of green plants. A．what B．that C．whose D．which 4．（2024·天津和平·二模）Our defeat, _______ some players blame themselves, was caused by bad luck. A．for what B．for which C．to whom D．on which 5．（2024·天津河西·二模）John is so selfish that he has reached a point ______ no one in our team wants to talk with him. A．where B．why C．that D．which 6．（2024·天津河东·二模）Recent accidents, ________ fifty people lost their lives, are mainly due to the heavy fog. A．as B．which C．whose D．where 7．（2024·天津·二模）The masterpiece in the exhibition absolutely showed us a vivid scene __________ our ancestors went hunting and resisted the wild beast. A．when B．why C．which D．where 8．（2024·天津·二模）There are hundreds of such scenes in movies, ______ the heavy rain reflects the sad feelings of the characters. A．when B．which C．where D．of which 9．（2024·天津·二模）It is the way ________ you apply your body language to your address that greatly determines whether the listeners are engaged and convinced. A．how B．that C．which D．where 10．（2024·天津·二模）He’s looking for a new job, one _______ he can get more money to support his family. A．when B．which C．that D．where 11．（2024·天津河西·三模）After getting back to her hometown after graduation, Jenny finds it is no longer the village ______ it used to be. A．that B．where C．what D．how 12．（2024·天津武清·模拟预测）Haiti was struck by a terrible earthquake in January, ______ effects the people are still suffering months later. A．from which B．what C．where D．from whose 13．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）True equality and excellent education are timeless issues ______ we should strive for and gain further insights into. A．where B．why C．when D．which 14．（2024·天津南开·一模）Hate and anger are felt only for those ________ we care deeply. A．for which B．with which C．for whom D．with whom 15．（2024·天津·一模）I admire my English teacher greatly as he always tries his best to create an atmosphere ______ students’ interest can be actively aroused. A．where B．that C．which D．when 16．（2024·天津·一模）Liu Cixin has written many scientific fiction books, some of have been translated into other languages. A．them B．that C．which D．what 17．（2024·天津河西·一模）The result is not the same _____they had expected, _____was rather disappointing. A．what, as B．as, that C．as, which D．that, which 18．（2024·天津河北·一模）Football is a very popular sport, ________ many people like to compete. A．at which B．for which C．in which D．with which 19．（2024·天津河东·一模）The reason ______Hollywood was a natural place for making movies was that the sun shines there every day A．which B．what C．when D．why 20．（2024·天津和平·一模）I know I’ve put my passport in a place ______ I thought it would be safe, but now I can’t remember it. A．which B．that C．where D．what 21．（2023·天津·二模）As well as competitions, there are events such as poetry salons ________ you can share poems with others. A．which B．when C．where D．what 22．（2023·天津河西·三模）When I went back to my hometown years later, I saw a beautiful park, ______ had been a wasteland for many years. A．that B．who C．when D．which 23．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）The Temple of Heaven is a complex of buildings ________emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties in China worshiped heaven. A．what B．where C．which D．when 24．（2023·天津北辰·模拟预测）Have you ever dreamed of singing in front of an audience of thousands at a concert, _______ everyone is clapping and appreciating your music? A．who B．that C．which D．where 25．（2023·天津河北·二模）Good advertising, ________ people attach positive meaning, can contribute to the sales of a product. A．to which B．of which C．for which D．on which 26．（2023·天津和平·二模）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them. A．of whom B．about which C．from which D．by whom 27．（2023·天津河东·二模）When I was young, my parents gave me an upbringing prepared me for the life challenges most of us have to face later in life. A．that B．what C．where D．whose 28．（2023·天津河北·一模）Generally speaking, the generation gap is actually a technology gap, ________ children update themselves on the latest technology while parents drop behind. A．where B．when C．which D．that 29．（2023·天津南开·一模）There are some characters in Jane Austen’s books in________ lives a slight fall of snow is an event. A．her B．whom C．whose D．their 30．（2023·天津·一模）In the middle of this particular scene, I spot a small girl ______ ankle is twice its normal size. A．which B．that C．whose D．who 31．（2023·天津·模拟预测）They lived in a beautiful house, _________the windows were decorated with paper cuttings. A．of which B．on which C．with which D．by which 32．（2023·天津和平·一模）Jackson turned out at the Grammy Awards, ________music artists are given an award for their artistic or technical achievement. A．when B．where C．which D．whose 33．（2022·天津南开·一模）There are many mysteries about dinosaurs ________ we long to find explanations. A．to which B．that C．with which D．for which 34．（2021·天津宁河·一模）The book I’d like to recommend is Fu Lei’s Family Letters, ________ Fu Lei shared his views about art and life. A．that B．which C．where D．who 35．（2022·天津南开·三模）We have visited the place ________ parts of the rocket came down. A．where B．whose C．which D．when 36．（2022·天津南开·二模）The child is at the stage ______ she can say individual words but not full sentences. A．where B．which C．that D．when 37．（2022·天津·一模）Since many former drug abusers have psychological problems, they often need support groups ________ they can talk about their struggles and find new ways to manage in the world. A．which B．who C．where D．when 38．（2022·天津和平·三模）I have sent her several letters, ________ she hasn’t replied so far, so I decide to write her again. A．with which B．in which C．to which D．on which 39．（2022·天津河东·二模）The solider ______ arms are missing in the battle has just got a first class merit. A．whose B．who C．whom D．which 40．（2022·天津滨海新·一模）The use of genetic engineering should be restricted to just those cases _____ the health of the mother or her baby is threatened. A．in which ​​​ B．how C．of whom D．why 41．（2022·天津河西·二模）If a shopping mall has chairs________ women can park their men, women will spend more time in it. A．which B．that C．where D．when 42．（2022·天津·二模）Those ______ achieve great things are the ones willing to be scared but not scared off. A．what B．who C．which D．whom 43．（2022·天津河北·二模）There is no month in the whole year ________ nature wears a more beautiful appearance than in the month of August. A．where B．what C．when D．that 44．（2022·天津南开·一模）Internet is an important part of society now, ______ has even influenced our language. A．as B．that C．which D．where 45．（2022·天津和平·一模）Later in this chapter the case will be introduced to readers ______ consumers’ support became a stream of motivation for improvement of the company. A．who B．when C．which D．where 46．（2022·天津·一模）I’ll ask the teacher about the subjunctive mood ______I’m very puzzled about; and that’s also ______ most of our classmates have doubt. A．which; what B．why; that C．which; where D．that; how 47．（2022·天津·一模）To be honest, I don’t want to get a job ________ I’m chained to a desk all day. It will bore me to death. A．that B．what C．where D．which 48．（2022·天津河西·一模）Peter invited over 30 people to his birthday party, most of ________ are his classmates. A．them B．that C．whom D．which 49．（2022·天津和平·一模）He has been preparing for the conference since last week ________ he will deliver a speech on the reform of the company. A．where B．that C．when D．which 50．（2022·天津河东·一模）Because of COVD-19, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 5,000 yuan for one night. A．if B．when C．which D．since 翻译句子 1．上周举办了一系列冬季健身活动，激发了学生们的锻炼热情。（which引导的非限制性定语从句） (汉译英) _____________________________ _____________________________ 2．正如我们所知，体育在我们的日常生活中起着至关重要的作用。(as引导的非限制性定语从句) (汉译英) _____________________________ _____________________________ 3．在毕业仪式上，她向帮助过她的人表达了感激之情。(gratitude) (汉译英) _____________________________ _____________________________ 4．很荣幸能在这里与大家分享音乐对我生活的影响。（It’s an honor to..., have an impact on）（汉译英） _____________________________ _____________________________ 5．我是李华，一名10年级的学生，目前就读于新华高中。（who引导的非限制性定语从句）（汉译英） _____________________________ _____________________________ 6．这是一个真正温暖人心的时刻，永远不会消失。(汉译英) _____________________________ _____________________________ 7．我感谢我的老师，他的鼓励和支持让我发现了自己的潜能。(汉译英) _____________________________ _____________________________ 8．我永远不会忘记这段经历，它将永远是我一生中最珍贵的回忆之一。(汉译英) _____________________________ _____________________________ 9．去年暑假我学会了传统中国油画技巧，这证明是一个充实的过程。(汉译英) _____________________________ _____________________________ 10．我的成功归功于我的社会老师，他是我写作道路上的指路明灯。(汉译英) _____________________________ _____________________________ 11．If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. (英译汉) _____________________________ _____________________________ 12．He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. (英译汉) _____________________________ _____________________________ 13．Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the people and activities you love. (英译汉) _____________________________ _____________________________ 14．Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades — the exact opposite of me. (英译汉) _____________________________ _____________________________ 15．We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. (英译汉) _____________________________ _____________________________ 16．Festivals are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. (英译汉) _____________________________ _____________________________ 17．She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance that usually exists between people.（英译汉） _____________________________ _____________________________ 18．We visited the Louvre Museum located in the heart of Paris, which, as a globally renowned cultural heritage site, houses masterpieces such as Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa among its vast collections. (英译汉) _____________________________ _____________________________ 19．You will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. (英译汉) _____________________________ _____________________________ 20．After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959. （英译汉） _____________________________ _____________________________ 1．（2023·天津·高考真题）Kenny still remembers the class discussion ________the teacher asked students to share what they wanted to be when they grew up. A．why B．which C．that D．where 2．（2022·天津·高考真题）Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler, ________ routes round a city or a site are often suggested. A．for which B．with which C．for whom D．with whom 3．（2011·天津·高考真题）The days are gone ______ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. A．when B．that C．where D．which 4．（2021·天津·高考真题）In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world. A．when B．where C．what D．which 5．（2017·天津·高考真题）I have reached a point in my career ________ I need to decide which way to go. A．that B．where C．which D．why 6．（2021·天津·高考真题）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them. A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom 7．（2021·天津·高考真题）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. A．where B．which C．that D．when 8．（2020·天津·高考真题）Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. A．whose B．of whom C．of which D．which 9．（2020·天津·高考真题）Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990 s, ____________he gave it to his grandson. A．which B．when C．where D．who 10．（2018·天津·高考真题）There was a long wait at the reception desk, ______ everyone was checking in. A．why B．which C．whom D．where 11．（2019·天津·高考真题）Their child is at the stage ______ she can say individual words but not full sentences. A．why B．where C．which D．what 12．（2019·天津·高考真题）The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, ______ up to half will be from abroad. A．who B．of which C．when D．of whom 13．（2016·天津·高考真题）We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ___ the weather may be better. A．that B．where C．which D．when 14．（2014·天津·高考真题）English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _________ uses it differently. A．all of which B．each of which C．all of them D．each of them 15．（2018·天津·高考真题）Kate, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. A．whom B．that C．whose D．her 16．（2017·天津·高考真题）My eldest son, ________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. A．that B．whose C．his D．who 17．（2015·天津·高考真题）The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _______his employees enjoy their work. A．where B．which C．when D．who 18．（2013·天津·高考真题）We have launched another man-made satellite, ______ is announced in today’s newspaper. A．that B．which C．who D．what 19．（2012·天津·高考真题）I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _____ help I would never have got this far. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 20．（2007·天津·高考真题）Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ________ sight matters more than hearing. A．when B．whose C．which D．where 21．（2010·天津·高考真题）----Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? ----You should try the barber’s _______I go. It’s only 15. A．as B．which C．where D．that 22．（2009·天津·高考真题）A person ______ e-mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e-mails. A．who B．whom C．whose D．whoever 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$