必修一Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good 强基固本-2025届新高考英语一轮复习强基固本能力提升(译林版2020)

必修一Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good 强基固本 一、全部单词 序号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 vt.不做(应做的事情等)；跳过 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过 2 yogurt 3 vi.昏厥 adj.昏眩的；微弱的；可能性不大的 4 adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就 _________ adj.立即的，马上 5 vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 _________ n.集中；专心 6 7 adj.极端的；严重的 n.极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等) _________ adv.极其, 非常 _________ n.极端主义者 8 vi.变苗条，减肥 adj.苗条的；微薄的，小的 9 per cent 10 adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的 _________ prep.关于，涉及 _________ v. / n.涉及，关心 11 n.效果，作用；影响 _________ adj.有效的；生效的 _________ adv.有效地，生效地 _________ n.效力，有效性 12 linking v. 后来被发现是vt.证明，证实 _________ n.证据，校样，验证 13 adv.稍微，略微 _________ adj.轻微的，细小的 14 diet 15 n.营养 _________ adj.营养的(有关营养营养学方面的知识) _________ adj.有营养的(特指事物或食物的用途，给人带来营养) _________ n.营养物 16 vi.起作用，正常工作，运转 n.作用，功能，职能 _________ adj.机能的，功能的，实用的，有用的，能起作用的 _________ adv.功能上，功能性地 17 adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的 _________ n.能量，精力 _________ adv.精力充沛地，积极地 _________节约能源的 18 adj.有效的；生效的 19 adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的 _________ n.惊恐；恐吓 _________ vt.使惊恐, 吓唬 _________ adj.害怕的，受惊的 20 prep. 在(某段时间)之内；在(某段距离、范围)之内；在…里 21 adv.相反，而是；相当；更准确地说 22 n.方面，层面 23 n.心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促 _________ v.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 24 vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加 _________ n.贡献 _________ n.贡献者，投稿人 25 n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆 _________ v.记忆 _________ adj.值得纪念的 (_________ adv.) _________ adj.纪念的，追悼的 n.纪念牌 26 n.发作；攻击；抨击 vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击 _________ n.攻击/袭击/进攻/抨击者 27 n.数量 28 n.日程安排，工作计划；时间表 29 adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的 _________ adv.负面地，消极地，否定地 30 adj.可塑的；塑料的 n.塑料 31 n.外科手术 32 n(大学、学院的)校园，校区 33 n.治疗；对待，待遇；处理 _________ v.治疗，处理，对待 34 guy 35 n.增加，添加；加法 _________ adj.添加的，额外的 _________ adv.此外，另外 _________ vt.添加，增加 36 n.格言，谚语，警句 37 jeans 38 adj.男性的；雄性的 n.男性，雄性 39 adj.女性的；雌性的 n.女性，雌性 40 n.美，美丽；美人，美好的东西 _________ adj.美丽的；漂亮的 _________ adv.美丽地 _________ v.美化 41 n.时尚，时兴；流行款式 _________ adj.流行的，时髦的 _________ adj.……式的；……样的 42 shadow 43 digital 44 series 45 adj.外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的 46 n.优势；力气，力量；实力 _________ adj.强(壮)的；坚固的；(对身、心影响)强烈的，深刻的；坚强的 _________ v.加强，巩固 47 n.天资，天赋；人才，天才 _________ adj.有天赋的，聪明的 48 n.钢琴 _________ n.钢琴家，钢琴演奏者 49 content 50 n.个性，个人特征 _________ adj. /n.个人的；个人 _________ adv.个别地，单独地，单个地 51 n.成就，成绩；达到，完成 _________ v.达到，取得 _________ adj.可达成/到的，可实现的 _________ n.(尤指事业)成功者；取得……成绩的人 52 app _________ n.申请人 _________ n.工具，器械 _________ v.申请、应/运用 二、重要短语 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 促成，造成(有助于，导致，投稿) 拓展 contribute sth.to... make contributions/a contribution to 2 最终成为，最终处于 拓展 end up with...反义短语：begin/start with end up in... end up as... come to an end bring an end to in the end make(both)ends meet 3 打一场无望取胜的仗 4 专注，关注，聚焦于 5 强身健体 6 爆炸，响起，离开，消失 7 防范，防止，提防 8 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生 拓展 hang on hang out hang around hang together hang up 9 对……产生/有负面影响 拓展 come into effect take effect put/bring...into effect in effect 10 对……产生/有很大影响 11 (把……)记住 12 作息有规律 13 达到，符合，不辜负 拓展 live up to one’s promise/one’s expectations live through live with live on 14 完全康复 15 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄 拓展 show in show out show up show around on show 16 昏迷，失去知觉 拓展 pass by pass away pass down pass sth.on(to sb.) pass on 17 变苗条，减肥 18 摄入，吸收(领会，欺骗，上当) 拓展 take sb. in take apart take back take down take on take over take up take off 19 忘掉某事，不再思考/丢开不再想某事 20 为……自豪，为……骄傲 21 求助于，翻到，查阅 22 告诫/警告某人不要做某事 23 副作用 24 从现在开始，从今往后，今后 25 此外 26 从短期/长期看 27 脱离了危险 28 遥不可及，超出……范围，够不着/到，达不到 29 更为重要的是，更有甚者 三、经典句型 1.青少年轻微超重是正常现象，没有理由为此焦虑。 2.不过，如果超重到危险程度，尝试以适当方式减重是十分重要的。 3.从现在起，我将更加注意我的健康，而不是我的体重。 4.在过去的一年里，他不得不带着脸上和身上可怕的烧伤痕迹生活。 说明：涉及词性/形变化的，请查看以上“基础知识梳理(单词)”板块。 一、核心词汇 1. skip 【词不离句】Teen faints after skipping meals(P44) 【拓展延伸】 skip breakfast不吃早饭 skip school/class逃学/逃课 skip a grade/a page跳级/跳过(漏掉)一页 skip over the fence/details跳过栅栏/略过细节 skip over the last part of the book略过书中的最后一部分 skip along behind sb.蹦蹦跳跳地跟着某人 skip it!不提了！ 2. concentrate 【词不离句】She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 concentrate on/concentrate one’s attention on集中精力于…… “集中精力于/注意力于/致力于……”的表达法： apply oneself/one’s mind to be absorbed in bring sth. into focus center on devote oneself to/be devoted to focus on fix/center one’s mind/attention on pay attention to put one’s heart into 3. effect 【词不离句】They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 in effect实际上，有效 be of no effect无效，没有作用，不中用 bring/carry/put...into effect实行，实施，使生效，实现 come into effect开始生效，开始实施 have no/little/a good(great/bad)effect on/upon对……没有/几乎没有/有好(很大/坏)的影响 take/have effect见效，生效，开始发生作用，实施，实行 have a side effect on ...对……有副作用 注意：affect通常作及物动词，有“影响，感/打动，感染”等意思→(作“感/打动”的意思时，其名词形式)affection n.喜爱，钟爱 be affected with high fever发高烧 be affected by...受到……的影响/感染(be affected by heat/cold中暑/着凉) 4. prove 【词不离句】These so-called ‘quick-fix methods’ prove to be harmful to teenagers.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 prove sth. to sb./prove to sb.+ that(从句)向某人证明某事 prove oneself (to be) ...证明自己是 prove (to be)＋n./adj.原来是，证明是 It is proved/has been proved that ...据证明……，据证实…… There’s(no)proof that ...(没)有证据证明 注意：当prove作为系动词表示“证明是，结果是……(=turn out)”时，无被动语态，要用主动形式表示被动意义。 5. function 【词不离句】She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. (P45) 【拓展延伸】 function as起……作用，具有……功能 perform/fulfill a…function履行……职责，发挥……作用/功能 perform a variety of functions履行多种/各种职责/职能 6. frightened 【词不离句】I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.(P47) 【拓展延伸】 be frightened to do sth./of doing sth.不敢做某事；害怕做某事 be frightened of/that...害怕…… be frightened to death被吓死 frighten sb. to death吓死某人 frighten...away/off吓走/吓跑…… frighten sb into/out of doing sth.吓得某人做/不做某事 cry out/run away in fright吓得大声叫喊/吓得跑开 shake with fright吓得发抖 7. pressure 【词不离句】One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night’s sleep is pressure from school or work.(P48) 【拓展延伸】 be/come under pressure to do sth.面临做某事的压力 cope with/deal with/handle the pressure应对压力 give in to pressure屈服于压力 put sb. under pressure置某人于压力之下 put pressure on/upon ...给……施加压力 relieve/ease/reduce the pressure缓解/减轻压力 under pressure(from...)承受着(来自……的)压力 under the pressure of在……的压力下 pressure of work工作压力 high blood pressure高血压 8. attack 【词不离句】..., being overweight and suffering a heart attack.(P48) 【拓展延伸】 attack sb. with sth.用某物攻击/袭击某人 attack sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而责难/抨击某人 be attacked with...(患)病，得(病) get attacked受到攻击 make an attack on/upon/against攻击，袭击，抨击，向……进攻 under attack遭到……的攻击/抨击 have/suffer a heart attack心脏病发作 9. addition 【词不离句】In addition, Miss Edwards says the surgery makes her look unnatural and that she is unable to make certain facial expression.(P50) 【拓展延伸】 in addition此外 in addition to除……之外 add ... up/add up ...把……加起来 add ... to ...把……加到/进……里 add to增加，增添 add up to加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态) add/adding that...补充说…… 10. strength 【词不离句】Focusing on your strengths also helps you build your confidence.(P54) 【拓展延伸】 build up one’s strength增强体质 with all one’s strength竭尽全力 have the strength to do sth.有力气/量做某事 strengths and weaknesses(advantages and disadvantages/shortcomings)优缺点 11. talent 【词不离句】Everyone has their own talents—you may be good at painting or playing the piano, ...(P54) 【拓展延伸】 have the talent to do sth.有做某事的天赋 have a(great)talent/genius for...(很)有……的天赋 show a(remarkable)talent for...表现出……(卓越/非凡)的才能 be talented/gifted in/at在某方面有才能 12. achievement 【词不离句】If you can learn to see the good things about yourself—your individuality, your value to others, your achievements—you will soon begin to love yourself just the way you are.(P54) 【拓展延伸】 make an achievement/such a great achievement取得(如此巨大的)成就 a sense of achievement成就感 achieve a goal/an aim实现/达到目标 achieve one’s dream(s)/ambition(s)实现梦想/抱负 achieve success/victory获得成功/胜利 二、经典句型 1.reason why ...句型 【原句呈现】It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried.(P45 Lines 29-31)青少年轻微超重是正常现象，没有理由为此焦虑。 【拓展延伸】 ①本句的第二句中的先行词为reason，由why引导定语从句；本句中的第一句所用句型，请参看必修一Unit 1 Back to school经典句型1.It is/was +adj.(+for sb./of sb.) +to do sth.。 ②若先行词reason在从句中作原因状语, 用why来引导定语从句，why可以换用for which；若其在从句中作主语或宾语，应用that或which来引导定语从句。 ③the reason why/for which(定语从句)...is that(表语从句)为什么……的原因是……。 例句： ①I don’t know the reason why/for which he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday. 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。 ②The reason why/for which he didn’t come to the party is that he didn’t want to see Jane. 他不来参加聚会的原因是他不想见到简。 ③I don’t know the reason why/for which you were late for the meeting, but I’m sure that someone will tell me the reason (that )you haven’t told me.我不知道你开会迟到的原因，但我肯定有人会告诉我你没有告诉我的原因。 ④The reason for which she did it is that she wouldn’t let her parents down. 她这样做的原因是她不想让她的父母失望。 2.It be+形容词+that从句 【原句呈现】However, for those who are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly.(P45 Lines 31-32)不过，如果超重到危险程度，尝试以适当方式减重是十分重要的。 【拓展延伸】 ①本句中it is very important that they try...在“try”前省略了助动词should，这是虚拟语气在名词从句中(主语从句，it为形式主语)； ②It is natural/necessary/strange/vital/essential... +that从句(should)do表惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、不满、理应如此等。 注意：在这个句型中谓语动词还可以用：(should) have done。 It is strange that should have failed to see her name on the list.  奇怪的是，她竟然没有在名单上看到她的名字。 例句： ①It is important/vital that you(should)lose weight and develop a healthy lifestyle.   减肥和养成健康的生活方式对你来说是非常重要的。 ②It is strange that the prominent celebrity(should)fall into exactly the same trap where many former stars got arrested.奇怪的是，这位著名的名人也落入了许多前明星被捕的陷阱。 ③It was necessary/essential that, he(should)work hard. 他应该努力工作是必要的。 3. rather than相关句型 【原句呈现】From now on, I’ll pay more attention to my health rather than my weight.(P47) 从现在起，我将更加注意我的健康，而不是我的体重。 【拓展延伸】 ①句中rather than连接的是my health和my weight，肯定前者，否定后者。 ②rather than而不是(注意其前后所跟词性要一致)。rather than连接两个主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要跟rather than前面的主语一致。 ③变式 would rather +从句：从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，表示现在或将来的愿 望；从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，表示对过去的愿望 would… rather than…/would rather...than...宁愿……而不愿…… prefer to do… rather than do…宁愿……而不愿…… 注意：不要与other than(意为：除了)想混 The old man wanted to see nobody other than his grandson. 除了他的孙子之外，这个老人谁也不想见。 例句： ①Mary would rather read a book at home than wander in the street. Mary would read a book at home rather than wander in the street. Mary prefers to read a book at home rather than wander in the street. 玛丽宁愿在家看书也不愿在街上闲逛。 ②You rather than I are going to go camping.要去野营的是你而不是我。 ③It is the driver rather than the passengers who is to blame for the accident. 在这次事故中应受责备的是司机而不是乘客。 ④I’d rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning.我宁愿你明天早上去机场接她。 ⑤To tell the truth, I would rather I had taken the pain instead of you. You don’t know how worried I was. 说实话，我宁愿替你承受痛苦，你不知道我有多担心你。 4.with复合结构 【原句呈现】For the past year, he had to live with terrible burn marks and body. (P50) 在过去的一年里，他不得不带着脸上和身上可怕的烧伤痕迹生活。 【拓展延伸】 该句中有“with＋宾语＋宾补”所构成的with的复合结构(with terrible burn makes on his face and body)。该结构中可以用“形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词还是过去分词)”。该结构在句中可以作状语，也可作定语。 例句： ①He is used to sleeping with the window open. 他习惯于开着窗户睡觉。 ②With so much noise around, he still concentrated on doing his homework, which left a deep impression on me.四周有这么多噪音，他仍然专心致志地做作业，这给我留下了深刻的印象。 ③He went out of the library with a book under his arm.他胳膊下夹着一本书走出了图书馆。 ④There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste, with traditional dishes from all over China. 有适合每个人口味的中国菜，有来自中国各地的传统菜肴。 ⑤The little boy stood there, with a frightened expression on his face. 小男孩站在那里，脸上带着惊恐的表情。 ⑥With a lot of work to do, she wasn’t allowed to leave her office. 由于有许多工作要做，她没被允许离开办公室。 ⑦With exams approaching, we have butterflies in our stomach. 随着考试的临近，我们感到心里发慌。 ⑧With the work finished, we can spare the time to go on an outing with our children. 工作结束了，我们能够抽出时间陪孩子外出游玩了。 一、单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式) 1.Many teenagers pay much attention to _________(外在的)_________(美), but their inner _________(美)is completely overlooked. 2._________(数字的)teaching, as you know, has transformed our way of learning, enabling us to focus more in class. 3.If you are not careful, your attitude and emotions in one area will _________(消极地)affect the other. 4.It is normal for teenagers to be _________(稍微)overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried. 5.Now that each witness has been questioned _________(单独), we can make a judgment now. 6.It is the _________(极端的)weather, r_________ than a mistake made by the pilot, that makes it impossible for the plane to take off on time. 7.The famous dancer hasn’t appeared on the stage since she ________(昏厥)last time. 8.To keep ________(精力充沛的), he set aside two hours to take exercise. That’s why he is always full of e________. 9.Much has been done to ________(美化)the environment of the city by the government. 10.Hearing that you have trouble in adapting to/adapting to life in the new _________(校园), I am concerned about you. 11.Eager to know which ________(方面)of traditional Chinese culture most appealing, I am writing to ask for your valuable advice. 12.What pleases me most is that their artistic _________(天赋)is _________(极其)shocking. 13.It does sometimes help to know the _________(营养的) _________(内容)of foods  14.The _________(家伙)felt sick because of having drunk a little yogurt. 15._________(时尚), with all its symbolism and features, forms an outstanding base for personal and cultural identification. 16.Although the COVID-19 pandemic once cast a s ________ on the world economy, China was the first to recover from its impact. 17.I returned home right away i_________ I received my mother’s call. 18.If possible, could you provide some advice on how to found an online a________ ? 19.I strongly hold the view that teenagers shouldn’t have p_________ s_________. 20.Keeping all the required books, pens, and other instruments w________ reach helps you to stay focused on studying. 21.Doctors say a balanced d________ is very beneficial to our health. 22.It is no wonder that she looks so s________ and weak. That’s because Jane is particular about food. 23.People in disaster areas have  had a  large a________ of help from people all over the world. 24.Having a mix of m________ and f________ nurses also helps create a fun atmosphere, which helps patients recover faster. 25.As an old s________ goes, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.” Our judgement/judgements should be based on facts. 26.There is a s_________ of creative inventions that are being exhibited in the centre. 27.To complete these _________(节约能源的)houses ahead of s_________ was a big challenge to the workers. 28.The villagers collected money to set up a m________ in m________ of those who died in the great earthquake. 29.The survey results are analyzed in terms of the respondents’ s_________, age and nationality. 30.If you are curious about the history of our school or c_________ about its future, you mustn’t pass up this excellent opportunity! 二、词性/形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空) 1.We should spare no effort to ________(beauty)our environment, because it is shared by all the human beings. 2.Faced with the________(prove), the _________(piano)still insisted that he was guiltless. 3.The folk ________(treat)that/which originated in ancient China has enjoyed huge popularity among the older generation. 4.I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information ________(concern)the club. 5.Some experts say sugar and processed foods are big _________(contribute)to the rising rates of overweight among children. 6.Known as a Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because he made great ________(contribute)society. 7.He is capable of ________(memory)fifty English words in five minutes, so he has the capacity to understand the difficult English article. 8.The day when I graduated from college was one of the most ________(memory)moments of my life. 9.To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of _________(apply)to attend the opening ceremony. 10.Operate the electrical ________(apply)following the instructions attached in the box, or you’ll be at risk. 11.If you can find drive in studying, not only will you learn________(energetic) , but with fun and ease. 12.As far as I am ________(concern), ________(concentrate)on your studies will result in good grades. 13.The mobile phone is very ________(fashion)and convenient to carry, so it is very popular with the young. 14.To get enough protein and __________ as you are growing up, it is necessary for you to eat an egg and __________ meals every day. (nutrient) 15.Young creative people in the UK have always come up with ways to express their _________(individual) through their clothes. 16.In  other words, you need to succinctly state what your ________(apply)does. 17.The letters were also _________(beauty)illustrated—each must have taken its true author, Tolkien, a long time to complete. 18.Most ________(memory), he once argued that he had nothing to do with the murder. 19.In the area where she and her family lived, the ________(extreme)had banned television and music. 20.He feels that neat handwriting is still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also with old ________(fashion)fountain pens. 三、短语填空(从“背”一本“短语”栏目中选择恰当的短语填空) 说明：每个短语只能用一次，且选择范围不包括拓展短语。 1.Thirsty and hungry, the poor guy _________ _________ in the street. 2.It is important that people especially teenagers should ________ enough nutrition to keep fit. 3.We hope your suggestion will ___________ solving the problem. 4.With a broad smile on her lips, 15-year-old Jenny rushed to her mom’s room to ________ her digital camera. 5.I really want to obtain this precious opportunity and I am sure that I can ___________ your expectations. 6.The mother _____________ what her daughters had done for her, tears rolling down her cheeks. 7.During his lifetime, Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, all of which __________________ Chinese culture. 8.Our teacher demanded that we (should) not be addicted to computer games because they ___________________ our study. 9.As for Jake, he longed to ease the strain on his parents, but as a teenager, he often felt like he was ____________ against forces beyond his control. 10.The restaurant is equipped with a fire alarm which should __________ automatically as soon as smoke is detected. 11.I find playing computer games relaxing and it _________________ my work. 12.Keeping a healthy diet and doing exercise regularly can help us ____________. 13.While we can’t ___________ all misfortunes and diseases, getting to know some first aid skills is quite useful. 14.The threat of unemployment has ____________ everyone in the company over the past months. 15.When we say one _______________, that means he or she gets up and goes to bed at the same time each day.  16.Fortunately, she is now _____________. Her doctor says that she will _______________ in a day or two. 17.However, he still finds that the white-collar lifestyle remains far _______________.  18.I have no choice but to ___________ you in the hope that you can correct the mistakes as well as give me some favourable advice on writing. 19.In a society where being thin is often seen as beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to _________. 20.Health experts _________ us _________ skipping breakfast which is a very dangerous way to lose weight. 21.Generally speaking, if taken according to the directions, the drug has no __________. 22.So focused is the society on making people’s life more convenient _____________, but _____________, those everyday conveniences are at the expense of our health. 23.In order to keep us safe and healthy, we’d better use electronic devices wisely ____________. 24.____________, they like to keep in touch with their friends-even just to kill time. ___________, if these heavy cell phone users discover that they have forgotten to bring their cell phones along with them, they will insist on returning home to get their “cells”. 25._____________ that put your imperfections out of your mind and ___________ what you value within yourself, and your beauty will shine through. 四、核心词汇(根据要求完成相关任务) 1. skip 完成下列句子 ①经理不停地从一个话题跳到另一个话题，使会议没完没了。 The manager kept __________________________, making the meeting endless. ②这个男孩因为他在数学方面的杰出天赋而跳过了三年级。 The boy ________________________ because of his great talent in mathematics. ③我记得我们在大学的时候，你总是逃课。 I remember when we were at the college, you ___________________. ④尽管我们早晨吃的东西对我们的健康有很大的影响，许多学生仍然会因为各种原因不吃早餐。 Although what we eat for breakfast ________________ our health, many students _________________ ⑤吉姆建议我们跳过细节，直奔主题。 Jim suggested we __________________and get to the point. ⑥我一页不漏地读完了全书。 I read the whole book __________________. ⑦“你刚才说什么来着？”“噢，不提了！” —What were you saying? —______________! ⑧他们看到那个男人还有一个小女孩蹦蹦跳跳跟着他。 They saw the man with a little girl  ________________________. 2. concentrate 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①I need to ________ at work.Please don’t disturb my________. ②My car crashed into a cat with my attention ________ on listening to music. 填上恰当的词 ③Nothing is difficult if you _________ your heart into it. ④With her attention _________ on the book, the girl sat there quietly. ⑤The writer was so _________ in her work that she didn’t notice him enter the room. ⑥If you _________ yourself to the job in hand, you’ll soon finish it. 3. effect 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Keeping a diary in English is an ________ way to improve our English writing abilities. ②It’s hoped that everyone can _________ improve your oral English through  this  activity. ③The _________ of this medicine was evaluated by these scientists the other day. ④Essential soil properties are negatively ________, and water quality is degraded by contamination. ⑤The drug did not _________ his health; in fact it seemed to have no/to be of no_________ at all. 完成下列句子 ⑥人类活动对动植物有负面影响。 Human activities __________________ animals and plants. ⑦这项法律生效快一年了，但似乎没有效果。 The law __________________ for almost a year, but it seems that it is not _______. ⑧他向受到影响的人们道歉。 He apologized to the people ________________. ⑨失眠有时是某些药物的副作用。 Sleeplessness is sometimes the ________________. ⑩全国的计算机系统都感染了一系列诡异的程序，即病毒。 Computer systems throughout the country are ____________________, known as viruses  ⑪实际上，它有利于我国经济的可持续发展。 ________________, it contributes to the sustainable development of our economy. ⑫我对我度过童年的城市有着深厚的感情。 I _________________________ the city where I spent my childhood. 4. prove 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①With solid ________, the lawyer can certainly ________ that he is innocent. ②It _________ that the importance of the town is due to its geographical location so far. 完成下列句子 ③有时，你所做的选择被证明是错误的。 Sometimes, the choices you have made _________________. ④这个男孩努力证明自己是一个好学生，他确实被证明是很棒的。 The boy tried to ____________________________ and he really proved best. ⑤律师告诉媒体，没有证据表明他是无辜的。 The lawyer told the press that ___________________________ he was innocent. ⑥我可以用实实在在的证据向我的朋友证明没有任何东西改变过。 I could ________________________ nothing ever changes __________________. ⑦困难在于他如何向其他科学家证明自己的观点。 The difficulty was how he could _____________________________. 5. function 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①It satisfies the user's requirements both _________ and emotionally. ②The office is large and _________ rather than welcoming. ③My cellphone has many _________, but I usually use it to call and send messages． ④It is obvious that you are unable _________ well in work without a good state of mind. 完成下列句子 ⑤慈善机构是一个非盈利组织，作为一个平台为有需要的人提供帮助。为需要帮助的人提供帮助。 A charity is a non­profit organization, ______________________________________. ⑥在你的新工作中，你将履行各种职能。 In your new job you will ______________________________. ⑦他们要雇用你是因为你能够解决问题或者能够履行急需的工作职责。 They’ll hire you because you solve a problem or _______________________.  6. frightened 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The man who disguised himself as a monster looked ________, so the pedestrians ran away at the sight of him. ②Seeing the ________ scene, the little girl was ________ to death and cried in ________, with a ________ expression on her face. 完成下列句子 ③他吓得直哆嗦，就好像看见了鬼一样。 _____________________ as if he had seen a ghost. ④他们走近时，小男孩吓得跑开了。 At their approach, the little boy ________________. ⑤我们对着熊大喊大叫，敲击玻璃瓶子，试图把熊吓跑。 We yelled at the bear and hit glass bottles, seeking to ___________________. ⑥他恐吓老太太签了字。 He _______________________ the paper. ⑦The __________________ told us the girl ________________. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7. pressure 用该词条恰当的形式填空或填上恰当的词 ①In the face of great ________, I think,we should adopt an optimistic attitude. ②They are ________ us to make an immediate decision. ③The juice of the grapes is ________ out.  完成下列句子 ④我知道学习很重要，但我父母给了我巨大的压力。 I know studying is very important, but my parents __________________________. ⑤为了缓解学习带来的压力，上周末我和同学们一起去星星农场摘橘子了。 In order to _________________________, I went to Xingxing Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend. ⑥我忙于学习，因为我有很多家庭作业要做，这让我感到压力很大。 I’m busy with my studies because I have a lot of homework to do, which ________________________. ⑦据说它还具有治疗作用，对患有高血压或高血糖的患者有好处。 It’s also said to have healing effects that/which are good for patients who are _________________ or high blood sugar. ⑧如果你不能应对压力，其他人就会超过你! If you can’t _________________________, people are going to walk all over you!   ⑨她的健康在工作压力下崩溃了。 Her health broke down ________________________ . 8. attack 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①It seems that some users’ passwords are stolen by an ________. ②_______________ by terrorists, the tall building collapsed. 完成下列句子 ③昨天一个小偷在街上袭击了一位妇女。(用动词短语) A thief _______________________ a woman in the street yesterday. ④当多叶植物受到攻击时，它不会坐以待毙。 When a leafy plant ____________, it doesn’t sit quietly.(用介词短语) ⑤一些顽皮的孩子经常在路上用石头袭击路人。 Some naughty children often ____________________ on the road. ⑥他们发现，那些吃鱼数量最多的女性，心脏病发作的几率最低。 They found that the women who ate the most fish were least likely to ________________.  ⑦他抨击美国政府在去年夏天次贷危机爆发后仍反对更严格的监管。 He __________________ opposing stricter regulations even after the subprime crisis had broken out last summer. ⑧随着冬天的临近，人们很可能会感染流感。 With the winter approaching, people _______________________ influenza. 9. addition 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Ann will be a very useful ________ to our team. ②The charge for the delivery is ________. ③We read for knowledge and fun. ________, we also read for inspiration. 完成下列句子 ④除了努力工作，我们还需要一些走向成功的好的方法。 __________________________ we need some good ways to succeed. ⑤除了保证你的身体健康，晨练还有助于改善你的心理健康。 ____________________________________, morning exercise helps to improve your mental health. ⑥众所周知，好朋友会给生活增添幸福和价值。 As is known to all, good friends _______________________ life. ⑦“请把所有的数字加起来并告诉我结果。” “那些数字加起来总共是10000。” —Please ____________ all the numbers and tell me the result. —Those numbers __________ 10,000. ⑧我不太喜欢这件外套的颜色。此外，它的成本太高。 I don’t quite like this color of the coat. ____________, it costs too much. ⑨他补充说，一个人应该让自己适应不断变化的情况。 He ___________________________ the changing conditions. ⑩如果你把这四个数字加起来，会超过500美元。 If you _____________________, it comes to over $500. 10. strength 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The ability to keep calm is one of her many ________. Owing to her excellent trait, she was promoted to deal with the emergency. ②Union is ________. Please ________ your cooperation. ③Knowing you have a ________ desire to learn Chinese well, I’d like to offer you some suggestions. 完成下列句子 ④了解自己的优点和缺点将有助于你实现梦想。 ____________________________will help you achieve your dreams. ⑤参加体育活动增强体力。 Take part in the physical exercises and ___________________. ⑥他说，只有通过合作，各国才有力量战胜困难。 He said only by cooperating would countries ______________________ hardships. ⑦为了救那男孩，他用尽全身力气推着那块岩石。 Eager to save the boy, he pushed against the rock _________________. 11. talent 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Tom was found ________ in basketball when he was very young. ②You should choose a job that matches your ________ and interests. 完成下列句子 ③那个小男孩在绘画上极有天赋。我们相信他会成为一个有天赋的画家。 The little boy _________________. We believed he would ________________. ④他是个好球员，有天赋为球队做得更好。 He’s a good player and has ________________ for the team. 12. achievement 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①I ________ only half of what I’d hoped, so I don’t think I am an ________ and I won’t celebrate the ________ I’ve made, although everyone thinks I should have a sense of ________ (achieve) ②A permanent peace is ________ at the conference. ③Make sure your goals are actually ________ before setting them. 完成下列句子 ④即使在工作中取得巨大成功，我们也不应该骄傲。 Even if we __________________ in our work, we should not be too proud. ⑤父母正在尽其所能帮助孩子实现自己的抱负。 Parents are doing all they can to help their children __________________ . ⑥努力工作，一起实现团队目标总是让我兴奋。 It always makes me excited to work hard and ____________________ together. ⑦只要我们努力，我们一定能实现我们的梦想。 As long as we try our best, we are bound ________________. ⑧有坚定决心的人有可能获得成就。 Those who are of great determination __________________________. ⑨如果你希望你的孩子有强烈的学习欲望，你必须要先让他明白他有能力从学习中获得成就感。 If you wish your child to have a strong desire to learn, you must first have him understand that he has the ability to gain ________________ through learning. 五、句型仿写 1.我不知道你缺席会议的原因，但我肯定有人会告诉我你没有告诉我的原因。 I don’t know ___________________ the meeting, but I’m sure someone will tell me . 2.他开会迟到的原因是他遇上了交通堵塞。 ________________________ the meeting ______________ he got stuck in the traffic jam. 3.有必要采取有效的措施来保障我们的公民权利。 _____________________________ to protect our civil rights.  4.正如人们经常建议的那样，我们应该尝试用和平的方式而不是用武力来解决一切问题。 As is often suggested, we should try to deal with everything _____________________________. 5.你应该将精力投入到提升自己中，而不是将自己的失败归咎于其他人。 You should devote your energy to __________________________________. 6.为了过低碳生活，我宁愿骑车而不是开车上班。 To live a low­carbon life, I _________________________ to work.(prefer) 7要是我留张字条就好了，但是我当时太忙了。 ____________________________, but I was too busy then. 8.一切准备就绪后，艾莉森问他们是否可以和我们的新朋友一起庆祝生日。 _______________________, Alison asked whether they could celebrate their birthday with our new friends together. 9.Mary有许多工作要做，今晚她没有时间去购物了。 _______________________________, Mary has no time to go shopping this evening. 10.随着越来越多的森林被破坏/消失，一些动植物正面临着灭绝的危险。 _________________________, some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修一Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good 强基固本 一、全部单词 序号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 skip vt.不做(应做的事情等)；跳过 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过 2 yogurt n.酸奶 3 *faint vi.昏厥 adj.昏眩的；微弱的；可能性不大的 4 immediately adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就 immediate adj.立即的，马上 5 concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 concentration n.集中；专心 6 sex n.性别 7 extreme adj.极端的；严重的 n.极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等) extremely adv.极其, 非常 extremist n.极端主义者 8 slim vi.变苗条，减肥 adj.苗条的；微薄的，小的 9 per cent n.百分之…… 10 concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的 concerning prep.关于，涉及 concern v. / n.涉及，关心 11 effect n.效果，作用；影响 effective adj.有效的；生效的 effectively adv.有效地，生效地 effectiveness n.效力，有效性 12 prove linking v. 后来被发现是vt.证明，证实 proof n.证据，校样，验证 13 slightly adv.稍微，略微 slight adj.轻微的，细小的 14 diet n.日常饮食；节食 vi.节食，进行规定饮食 15 nutrition n.营养 nutritional adj.营养的(有关营养营养学方面的知识) nutritious adj.有营养的(特指事物或食物的用途，给人带来营养) nutrient n.营养物 16 function vi.起作用，正常工作，运转 n.作用，功能，职能 functional adj.机能的，功能的，实用的，有用的，能起作用的 functionally adv.功能上，功能性地 17 energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的 energy n.能量，精力 energetically adv.精力充沛地，积极地 energy-saving节约能源的 18 effective adj.有效的；生效的 参看词条effect 19 frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的 fright n.惊恐；恐吓 frighten vt.使惊恐, 吓唬 frighting adj.害怕的，受惊的 20 within prep. 在(某段时间)之内；在(某段距离、范围)之内；在…里 21 rather adv.相反，而是；相当；更准确地说 22 aspect n.方面，层面 23 pressure n.心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促 press v.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 24 contribute vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加 contribution n.贡献 contributor n.贡献者，投稿人 25 memory n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆 memorize v.记忆 memorable adj.值得纪念的 (memorably adv.) memorial adj.纪念的，追悼的 n.纪念牌 26 attack n.发作；攻击；抨击 vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击 attacker n.攻击/袭击/进攻/抨击者 27 amount n.数量 28 schedule n.日程安排，工作计划；时间表 29 negative adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的 negatively adv.负面地，消极地，否定地 30 plastic adj.可塑的；塑料的 n.塑料 31 surgery n.外科手术 32 campus n(大学、学院的)校园，校区 33 treatment n.治疗；对待，待遇；处理 treat v.治疗，处理，对待 34 guy n.小伙子，家伙 35 addition n.增加，添加；加法 additional adj.添加的，额外的 additionally adv.此外，另外 add vt.添加，增加 36 saying n.格言，谚语，警句 37 jeans n.牛仔裤 38 male adj.男性的；雄性的 n.男性，雄性 39 female adj.女性的；雌性的 n.女性，雌性 40 beauty n.美，美丽；美人，美好的东西 beautiful adj.美丽的；漂亮的 beautifully adv.美丽地 beautify v.美化 41 fashion n.时尚，时兴；流行款式 fashionable adj.流行的，时髦的 fashioned adj.……式的；……样的 42 shadow n.阴影，影子；昏暗处，阴暗处 43 digital adj.数码的，数字的 44 series n.(pl. series) 一系列，连续 45 external adj.外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的 46 strength n.优势；力气，力量；实力 strong adj.强(壮)的；坚固的；(对身、心影响)强烈的，深刻的；坚强的 strengthen v.加强，巩固 47 talent n.天资，天赋；人才，天才 talented adj.有天赋的，聪明的 48 piano n.钢琴 pianist n.钢琴家，钢琴演奏者 49 content n.内容；目录 50 individuality n.个性，个人特征 individual adj. /n.个人的；个人 individually adv.个别地，单独地，单个地 51 achievement n.成就，成绩；达到，完成 achieve v.达到，取得 achievable adj.可达成/到的，可实现的 achiever n.(尤指事业)成功者；取得……成绩的人 52 app n.应用程序，应用软件(application的缩写) applicant n.申请人 appliance n.工具，器械 apply v.申请、应/运用 二、重要短语 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 contribute to 促成，造成(有助于，导致，投稿) 拓展 contribute sth.to... make contributions/a contribution to 把某物捐献给…… 对……做出贡献 2 end up 最终成为，最终处于 拓展 end up with...反义短语：begin/start with end up in... end up as... come to an end bring an end to in the end make(both)ends meet 以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词) 以……结束(后接表抽象概念的名词) 最终成为……(后接表职位或身份的名词) 结束 使……结束 最后，终于 使收支相抵，勉强维持生计 3 fight a losing battle 打一场无望取胜的仗 4 focus on 专注，关注，聚焦于 5 get into shape 强身健体 6 go off 爆炸，响起，离开，消失 7 guard against 防范，防止，提防 8 hang over 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生 拓展 hang on hang out hang around hang together hang up 稍等，别挂断(电话)，坚持下去，紧紧抓住 挂出；闲逛 闲荡；徘徊；逗留 相配合，互相支持，团结一致 挂断电话，挂起 9 have a negative effect on =have a negative influence on 对……产生/有负面影响 拓展 come into effect take effect put/bring...into effect in effect 生效，开始实施 见效，开始起作用 实施……，使……生效 实际上，事实上 10 have a big influence on=have a great effect on 对……产生/有很大影响 11 keep ... in mind/keep in mind ... (把……)记住 12 keep regular hours 作息有规律 13 live up to 达到，符合，不辜负 拓展 live up to one’s promise/one’s expectations live through live with live on 履行某人的诺言/不辜负某人的期望 经历(灾难或其他困境)而幸存 忍受，容忍 继续存在，靠……生活 14 make a full recovery 完全康复 15 show off 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄 拓展 show in show out show up show around on show 领……进来 领……离开，送出 揭发，暴露，出现，现身，露面 带领……参观…… 被展示，被陈列，上演 16 pass out 昏迷，失去知觉 拓展 pass by pass away pass down pass sth.on(to sb.) pass on 经过 去世(委婉说法) 把……传给后人(常用于被动语态) 转交，(用后)传给 传递 17 slim down 变苗条，减肥 18 take in 摄入，吸收(领会，欺骗，上当) 拓展 take sb. in take apart take back take down take on take over take up take off 收留某人 拆开，拆卸 收回；退回 拿下；记下 呈现；雇用；承担 接管，接任 拿起；占据；开始从事 脱下；起飞；腾飞 19 take one’s mind off sth. 忘掉某事，不再思考/丢开不再想某事 20 take pride in(与be proud of同义) 为……自豪，为……骄傲 21 turn to 求助于，翻到，查阅 22 warn sb. against doing sth.=warn sb. not to do sth. 告诫/警告某人不要做某事 23 side effect 副作用 24 from now on 从现在开始，从今往后，今后 25 in addition 此外 26 in the short/long term=in the short/long run 从短期/长期看 27 out of danger 脱离了危险 28 out of reach 遥不可及，超出……范围，够不着/到，达不到 29 what’s more 更为重要的是，更有甚者 三、经典句型 1.It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried.(P45 Lines 29-31)青少年轻微超重是正常现象，没有理由为此焦虑。(reason why ...句型) 2.However, for those who are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly.(P45 Lines 31-32)不过，如果超重到危险程度，尝试以适当方式减重是十分重要的。 (It be+形容词+that从句) 3.From now on, I’ll pay more attention to my health rather than my weight.(P47) 从现在起，我将更加注意我的健康，而不是我的体重。(rather than相关句型) 4.For the past year, he had to live with terrible burn marks on his face and body. (P50) 在过去的一年里，他不得不带着脸上和身上可怕的烧伤痕迹生活。(with复合结构) 说明：涉及词性/形变化的，请查看以上“基础知识梳理(单词)”板块。 一、核心词汇 1. skip 【词不离句】Teen faints after skipping meals(P44) 【拓展延伸】 skip breakfast不吃早饭 skip school/class逃学/逃课 skip a grade/a page跳级/跳过(漏掉)一页 skip over the fence/details跳过栅栏/略过细节 skip over the last part of the book略过书中的最后一部分 skip along behind sb.蹦蹦跳跳地跟着某人 skip it!不提了！ 2. concentrate 【词不离句】She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 concentrate on/concentrate one’s attention on集中精力于…… “集中精力于/注意力于/致力于……”的表达法： apply oneself/one’s mind to be absorbed in bring sth. into focus center on devote oneself to/be devoted to focus on fix/center one’s mind/attention on pay attention to put one’s heart into 3. effect 【词不离句】They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 in effect实际上，有效 be of no effect无效，没有作用，不中用 bring/carry/put...into effect实行，实施，使生效，实现 come into effect开始生效，开始实施 have no/little/a good(great/bad)effect on/upon对……没有/几乎没有/有好(很大/坏)的影响 take/have effect见效，生效，开始发生作用，实施，实行 have a side effect on ...对……有副作用 注意：affect通常作及物动词，有“影响，感/打动，感染”等意思→(作“感/打动”的意思时，其名词形式)affection n.喜爱，钟爱 be affected with high fever发高烧 be affected by...受到……的影响/感染(be affected by heat/cold中暑/着凉) 4. prove 【词不离句】These so-called ‘quick-fix methods’ prove to be harmful to teenagers.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 prove sth. to sb./prove to sb.+ that(从句)向某人证明某事 prove oneself (to be) ...证明自己是 prove (to be)＋n./adj.原来是，证明是 It is proved/has been proved that ...据证明……，据证实…… There’s(no)proof that ...(没)有证据证明 注意：当prove作为系动词表示“证明是，结果是……(=turn out)”时，无被动语态，要用主动形式表示被动意义。 5. function 【词不离句】She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. (P45) 【拓展延伸】 function as起……作用，具有……功能 perform/fulfill a…function履行……职责，发挥……作用/功能 perform a variety of functions履行多种/各种职责/职能 6. frightened 【词不离句】I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.(P47) 【拓展延伸】 be frightened to do sth./of doing sth.不敢做某事；害怕做某事 be frightened of/that...害怕…… be frightened to death被吓死 frighten sb. to death吓死某人 frighten...away/off吓走/吓跑…… frighten sb into/out of doing sth.吓得某人做/不做某事 cry out/run away in fright吓得大声叫喊/吓得跑开 shake with fright吓得发抖 7. pressure 【词不离句】One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night’s sleep is pressure from school or work.(P48) 【拓展延伸】 be/come under pressure to do sth.面临做某事的压力 cope with/deal with/handle the pressure应对压力 give in to pressure屈服于压力 put sb. under pressure置某人于压力之下 put pressure on/upon ...给……施加压力 relieve/ease/reduce the pressure缓解/减轻压力 under pressure(from...)承受着(来自……的)压力 under the pressure of在……的压力下 pressure of work工作压力 high blood pressure高血压 8. attack 【词不离句】..., being overweight and suffering a heart attack.(P48) 【拓展延伸】 attack sb. with sth.用某物攻击/袭击某人 attack sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而责难/抨击某人 be attacked with...(患)病，得(病) get attacked受到攻击 make an attack on/upon/against攻击，袭击，抨击，向……进攻 under attack遭到……的攻击/抨击 have/suffer a heart attack心脏病发作 9. addition 【词不离句】In addition, Miss Edwards says the surgery makes her look unnatural and that she is unable to make certain facial expression.(P50) 【拓展延伸】 in addition此外 in addition to除……之外 add ... up/add up ...把……加起来 add ... to ...把……加到/进……里 add to增加，增添 add up to加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态) add/adding that...补充说…… 10. strength 【词不离句】Focusing on your strengths also helps you build your confidence.(P54) 【拓展延伸】 build up one’s strength增强体质 with all one’s strength竭尽全力 have the strength to do sth.有力气/量做某事 strengths and weaknesses(advantages and disadvantages/shortcomings)优缺点 11. talent 【词不离句】Everyone has their own talents—you may be good at painting or playing the piano, ...(P54) 【拓展延伸】 have the talent to do sth.有做某事的天赋 have a(great)talent/genius for...(很)有……的天赋 show a(remarkable)talent for...表现出……(卓越/非凡)的才能 be talented/gifted in/at在某方面有才能 12. achievement 【词不离句】If you can learn to see the good things about yourself—your individuality, your value to others, your achievements—you will soon begin to love yourself just the way you are.(P54) 【拓展延伸】 make an achievement/such a great achievement取得(如此巨大的)成就 a sense of achievement成就感 achieve a goal/an aim实现/达到目标 achieve one’s dream(s)/ambition(s)实现梦想/抱负 achieve success/victory获得成功/胜利 二、经典句型 1.reason why ...句型 【原句呈现】It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried.(P45 Lines 29-31)青少年轻微超重是正常现象，没有理由为此焦虑。 【拓展延伸】 ①本句的第二句中的先行词为reason，由why引导定语从句；本句中的第一句所用句型，请参看必修一Unit 1 Back to school经典句型1.It is/was +adj.(+for sb./of sb.) +to do sth.。 ②若先行词reason在从句中作原因状语, 用why来引导定语从句，why可以换用for which；若其在从句中作主语或宾语，应用that或which来引导定语从句。 ③the reason why/for which(定语从句)...is that(表语从句)为什么……的原因是……。 例句： ①I don’t know the reason why/for which he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday. 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。 ②The reason why/for which he didn’t come to the party is that he didn’t want to see Jane. 他不来参加聚会的原因是他不想见到简。 ③I don’t know the reason why/for which you were late for the meeting, but I’m sure that someone will tell me the reason (that )you haven’t told me.我不知道你开会迟到的原因，但我肯定有人会告诉我你没有告诉我的原因。 ④The reason for which she did it is that she wouldn’t let her parents down. 她这样做的原因是她不想让她的父母失望。 2.It be+形容词+that从句 【原句呈现】However, for those who are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly.(P45 Lines 31-32)不过，如果超重到危险程度，尝试以适当方式减重是十分重要的。 【拓展延伸】 ①本句中it is very important that they try...在“try”前省略了助动词should，这是虚拟语气在名词从句中(主语从句，it为形式主语)； ②It is natural/necessary/strange/vital/essential... +that从句(should)do表惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、不满、理应如此等。 注意：在这个句型中谓语动词还可以用：(should) have done。 It is strange that should have failed to see her name on the list.  奇怪的是，她竟然没有在名单上看到她的名字。 例句： ①It is important/vital that you(should)lose weight and develop a healthy lifestyle.   减肥和养成健康的生活方式对你来说是非常重要的。 ②It is strange that the prominent celebrity(should)fall into exactly the same trap where many former stars got arrested.奇怪的是，这位著名的名人也落入了许多前明星被捕的陷阱。 ③It was necessary/essential that, he(should)work hard. 他应该努力工作是必要的。 3. rather than相关句型 【原句呈现】From now on, I’ll pay more attention to my health rather than my weight.(P47) 从现在起，我将更加注意我的健康，而不是我的体重。 【拓展延伸】 ①句中rather than连接的是my health和my weight，肯定前者，否定后者。 ②rather than而不是(注意其前后所跟词性要一致)。rather than连接两个主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要跟rather than前面的主语一致。 ③变式 would rather +从句：从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，表示现在或将来的愿 望；从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，表示对过去的愿望 would… rather than…/would rather...than...宁愿……而不愿…… prefer to do… rather than do…宁愿……而不愿…… 注意：不要与other than(意为：除了)想混 The old man wanted to see nobody other than his grandson. 除了他的孙子之外，这个老人谁也不想见。 例句： ①Mary would rather read a book at home than wander in the street. Mary would read a book at home rather than wander in the street. Mary prefers to read a book at home rather than wander in the street. 玛丽宁愿在家看书也不愿在街上闲逛。 ②You rather than I are going to go camping.要去野营的是你而不是我。 ③It is the driver rather than the passengers who is to blame for the accident. 在这次事故中应受责备的是司机而不是乘客。 ④I’d rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning.我宁愿你明天早上去机场接她。 ⑤To tell the truth, I would rather I had taken the pain instead of you. You don’t know how worried I was. 说实话，我宁愿替你承受痛苦，你不知道我有多担心你。 4.with复合结构 【原句呈现】For the past year, he had to live with terrible burn marks and body. (P50) 在过去的一年里，他不得不带着脸上和身上可怕的烧伤痕迹生活。 【拓展延伸】 该句中有“with＋宾语＋宾补”所构成的with的复合结构(with terrible burn makes on his face and body)。该结构中可以用“形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词还是过去分词)”。该结构在句中可以作状语，也可作定语。 例句： ①He is used to sleeping with the window open. 他习惯于开着窗户睡觉。 ②With so much noise around, he still concentrated on doing his homework, which left a deep impression on me.四周有这么多噪音，他仍然专心致志地做作业，这给我留下了深刻的印象。 ③He went out of the library with a book under his arm.他胳膊下夹着一本书走出了图书馆。 ④There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste, with traditional dishes from all over China. 有适合每个人口味的中国菜，有来自中国各地的传统菜肴。 ⑤The little boy stood there, with a frightened expression on his face. 小男孩站在那里，脸上带着惊恐的表情。 ⑥With a lot of work to do, she wasn’t allowed to leave her office. 由于有许多工作要做，她没被允许离开办公室。 ⑦With exams approaching, we have butterflies in our stomach. 随着考试的临近，我们感到心里发慌。 ⑧With the work finished, we can spare the time to go on an outing with our children. 工作结束了，我们能够抽出时间陪孩子外出游玩了。 一、单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式) 1.Many teenagers pay much attention to _________(外在的)_________(美), but their inner _________(美)is completely overlooked. 【答案】external, beauty, beauty 【句意】许多青少年太注重外在美，却完全忽视了他们的内在美。 2._________(数字的)teaching, as you know, has transformed our way of learning, enabling us to focus more in class. 【答案】Digital 【句意】如你所知，数字教学改变了我们的学习方式，使我们在课堂上能够更加专注。 3.If you are not careful, your attitude and emotions in one area will _________(消极地)affect the other. 【答案】negatively/passively 【句意】如果你不小心，你在一个领域的态度和情绪会对另一个领域产生负面影响。 4.It is normal for teenagers to be _________(稍微)overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried. 【答案】slightly 【句意】青少年稍微超重是正常的，他们没有理由为此担心。 5.Now that each witness has been questioned _________(单独), we can make a judgment now. 【答案】individually 【句意】既然每个证人都被单独询问过，我们现在可以作出判断了。 6.It is the _________(极端的)weather, r_________ than a mistake made by the pilot, that makes it impossible for the plane to take off on time. 【答案】extreme, rather 【句意】是极端天气而不是飞行员的失误使飞机不能准时起飞。 7.The famous dancer hasn’t appeared on the stage since she ________(昏厥)last time. 【答案】fainted 【句意】这位著名的舞蹈家自从上次晕倒后就再也没有在舞台上露面过。 8.To keep ________(精力充沛的), he set aside two hours to take exercise. That’s why he is always full of e________. 【答案】energetic, energy 【句意】为了保持精力充沛，他留出两个小时进行锻炼。这就是为什么他总是精力充沛的缘故。 9.Much has been done to ________(美化)the environment of the city by the government. 【答案】beautify 【句意】政府为美化这个城市的环境做了很多工作。 10.Hearing that you have trouble in adapting to/adapting to life in the new _________(校园), I am concerned about you. 【答案】campus 【句意】听说你难以适应新校园的生活，我为你担心。 11.Eager to know which ________(方面)of traditional Chinese culture most appealing, I am writing to ask for your valuable advice. 【答案】aspects 【句意】渴望知道中国传统文化的哪些方面最吸引人，所以我写信来征求你的宝贵意见。 12.What pleases me most is that their artistic _________(天赋)is _________(极其)shocking. 【答案】talent, extremely 【句意】最让我高兴的是，他们的艺术天赋是极其惊人的。 13.It does sometimes help to know the _________(营养的) _________(内容)of foods  【答案】nutritional, content 【句意】知道食物所含的营养成分有时的确有帮助。 14.The _________(家伙)felt sick because of having drunk a little yogurt. 【答案】guy  【句意】那家伙因为喝了一点酸奶而感到恶心。 15._________(时尚), with all its symbolism and features, forms an outstanding base for personal and cultural identification. 【答案】Fashion 【句意】时尚，与其所有的象征意义和特色一并形成了一个鲜明的个人和文化认同的基础。 16.Although the COVID-19 pandemic once cast a s ________ on the world economy, China was the first to recover from its impact. 【答案】shadow 【句意】新冠肺炎疫情曾给世界经济蒙上阴影，但中国是第一个走出阴影的国家。 17.I returned home right away i_________ I received my mother’s call. 【答案】immediately 【句意】我一接到妈妈的电话就马上回家了。 18.If possible, could you provide some advice on how to found an online a________ ? 【答案】app 【句意】如果可以的话，你能提供一些关于如何创建在线应用程序的建议吗? 19.I strongly hold the view that teenagers shouldn’t have p_________ s_________. 【答案】plastic, surgery 【句意】我强烈认为青少年不应该做整形手术。 20.Keeping all the required books, pens, and other instruments w________ reach helps you to stay focused on studying. 【答案】within 【句意】将必要的书本、笔、以及其它工具放在可及的地方有利于集中学习。 21.Doctors say a balanced d________ is very beneficial to our health. 【答案】diet 【句意】医生说均衡饮食对我们的健康很有益。 22.It is no wonder that she looks so s________ and weak. That’s because Jane is particular about food. 【答案】slim        【句意】难怪她看起来这么非常瘦弱，因为Jane 对吃食很挑剔。 23.People in disaster areas have  had a  large a________ of help from people all over the world. 【答案】amount     【句意】灾区人民得到了全世界人们的大量帮助。 24.Having a mix of m________ and f________ nurses also helps create a fun atmosphere, which helps patients recover faster. 【答案】male, female 【句意】男女护士的混合也有助于创造一种有趣的氛围，帮助患者更快地康复。 25.As an old s________ goes, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.” Our judgement/judgements should be based on facts. 【答案】saying 【句意】常言道：“勿以貌取人。”我们的评价应该基于事实。 26.There is a s_________ of creative inventions that are being exhibited in the centre. 【答案】series 【句意】一系列创造性的发明正在这个中心展出。 27.To complete these _________(节约能源的)houses ahead of s_________ was a big challenge to the workers. 【答案】energy-saving, schedule  【句意】提前建成这些节能房屋对工人们来说是一个巨大的挑战。 28.The villagers collected money to set up a m________ in m________ of those who died in the great earthquake. 【答案】memory, memorial(monument) 【句意】村民们集资设立了纪念碑去纪念那些在大地震中遇难的人们。 29.The survey results are analyzed in terms of the respondents’ s_________, age and nationality. 【答案】sex 【句意】调查结果按受访者的性别、年龄和国籍进行了分析。 30.If you are curious about the history of our school or c_________ about its future, you mustn’t pass up this excellent opportunity! 【答案】concerned 【句意】如果你对我们学校的历史感兴趣或是关心它的未来，你一定不能错过这个好机会！ 二、词性/形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空) 1.We should spare no effort to ________(beauty)our environment, because it is shared by all the human beings. 【答案】beautify 【句意】我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境，因为它是全人类共有的。 2.Faced with the________(prove), the _________(piano)still insisted that he was guiltless. 【答案】proof, pianist 【句意】面对证据，这位钢琴家仍然坚称他是无罪的。 3.The folk ________(treat)that/which originated in ancient China has enjoyed huge popularity among the older generation. 【答案】treatment 【句意】这种起源于中国古代的民间疗法在老一辈人中很受欢迎。 4.I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information ________(concern)the club. 【答案】concerning 【句意】我写这封信是想看看你是否可以为我提供有关俱乐部的信息。 5.Some experts say sugar and processed foods are big _________(contribute)to the rising rates of overweight among children. 【答案】contributors 【句意】一些专家说，糖和加工食品是导致儿童超重率上升的主要原因。 6.Known as a Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because he made great ________(contribute)society. 【答案】contributions 【句意】作为中国宋代著名的作家和政治家，范仲淹因其对社会的巨大贡献而受到高度赞赏。 7.He is capable of ________(memory)fifty English words in five minutes, so he has the capacity to understand the difficult English article. 【答案】memorizing 【句意】他能在五分钟内记住五十个英语单词，所以他有能力理解这篇难的英语文章。 8.The day when I graduated from college was one of the most ________(memory)moments of my life. 【答案】memorable 【句意】我大学毕业的那一天是我一生中最难忘的时刻之一。 9.To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of _________(apply)to attend the opening ceremony. 【答案】applicants 【句意】令我高兴的是，我从数百名申请人中被选中参加开幕式。 10.Operate the electrical ________(apply)following the instructions attached in the box, or you’ll be at risk. 【答案】appliance 【句意】请按照附在盒子里的说明书操作电子设备，否则你可能会有危险。 11.If you can find drive in studying, not only will you learn________(energetic) , but with fun and ease. 【答案】energetically 【句意】如果你能在学习中找到动力，你不仅能精力充沛地学习，而且能轻松愉快地学习。 12.As far as I am ________(concern), ________(concentrate)on your studies will result in good grades. 【答案】concerned, concentration 【句意】就我而言，专心于你的学习就会取得好成绩的。 13.The mobile phone is very ________(fashion)and convenient to carry, so it is very popular with the young. 【答案】fashionable 【句意】这款手机非常时尚，携带方便，所以很受年轻人的欢迎。 14.To get enough protein and __________ as you are growing up, it is necessary for you to eat an egg and __________ meals every day. (nutrient) 【答案】nutrition, nutritious 【句意】为了让你在成长过程中获得足够的蛋白质和营养，你每天吃一个鸡蛋和有营养的饭菜是必要的。 15.Young creative people in the UK have always come up with ways to express their _________(individual) through their clothes. 【答案】individuality 【句意】英国富有创造力的年轻人总是能通过服装来表达自己的个性。 16.In  other words, you need to succinctly state what your ________(apply)does. 【答案】application  【句意】换句话说，您需要简洁地描述应用程序完成的工作。 17.The letters were also _________(beauty)illustrated—each must have taken its true author, Tolkien, a long time to complete. 【答案】beautifully 【句意】信里还配有精美的插图——它们真正的作者托尔金一定花了很长时间去完成每一幅画作。 18.Most ________(memory), he once argued that he had nothing to do with the murder. 【答案】memorably 【句意】最令人难忘的是，他曾辩称他与谋杀无关。 19.In the area where she and her family lived, the ________(extreme)had banned television and music. 【答案】extremists 【句意】在她和家人居住的地区，极端分子禁止看电视和听音乐。 20.He feels that neat handwriting is still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also with old ________(fashion)fountain pens. 【答案】fashioned 【句意】他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，还让他们用老式的钢笔写字。 三、短语填空(从“背”一本“短语”栏目中选择恰当的短语填空) 说明：每个短语只能用一次，且选择范围不包括拓展短语。 1.Thirsty and hungry, the poor guy _________ _________ in the street. 【答案】ended up, passing out 【句意】又渴又饿，这个可怜的家伙最终在街上昏倒了。 2.It is important that people especially teenagers should ________ enough nutrition to keep fit. 【答案】take in 【句意】人们，尤其是青少年，应该摄入足够的营养来保持健康，这一点很重要。 3.We hope your suggestion will ___________ solving the problem. 【答案】contribute to 【句意】我们希望你的建议将有助于解决这个问题。 4.With a broad smile on her lips, 15-year-old Jenny rushed to her mom’s room to ________ her digital camera. 【答案】show off 【句意】15岁的珍妮嘴角挂着灿烂的笑容，冲到妈妈的房间里炫耀她的数码相机。 5.I really want to obtain this precious opportunity and I am sure that I can ___________ your expectations. 【答案】live up to 【句意】我真的很想得到这个宝贵的机会，我相信我能不辜负你的期望的。 6.The mother _____________ what her daughters had done for her, tears rolling down her cheeks. 【答案】took pride in/was proud of 【句意】这位母亲为女儿们为她所做的一切感到骄傲，泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。 7.During his lifetime, Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, all of which __________________ Chinese culture. 【答案】have a big influence on/have a great effect on 【句意】李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，这些诗歌对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。 8.Our teacher demanded that we (should) not be addicted to computer games because they ___________________ our study. 【答案】have a negative effect on 【句意】老师强烈要求我们不要沉溺于网络游戏因为它们对我们的学习有负面的影响。 9.As for Jake, he longed to ease the strain on his parents, but as a teenager, he often felt like he was ____________ against forces beyond his control. 【答案】fighting a losing battle 【句意】至于杰克，他渴望减轻父母的压力，但作为一名青少年，他经常觉得自己正在与无法控制的力量打一场无望取胜的仗。 10.The restaurant is equipped with a fire alarm which should __________ automatically as soon as smoke is detected. 【答案】go off 【句意】这家餐厅配备了火灾报警器，一旦检测到烟雾就会自动报警。 11.I find playing computer games relaxing and it _________________ my work. 【答案】takes my mind off 【句意】我发现玩电脑游戏是令人放松的，它会让我的注意力远离工作。 12.Keeping a healthy diet and doing exercise regularly can help us ____________. 【答案】get into shape 【句意】保持健康的饮食并定期锻炼可以帮助我们强身健体。 13.While we can’t ___________ all misfortunes and diseases, getting to know some first aid skills is quite useful. 【答案】guard against 【句意】虽然我们不能预防所有的不幸和疾病，但了解一些急救技能是非常有用的。 14.The threat of unemployment has ____________ everyone in the company over the past months. 【答案】hung over 【句意】在过去的几个月里，失业的威胁笼罩着公司里的每个人。 15.When we say one _______________, that means he or she gets up and goes to bed at the same time each day.  【答案】keeps regular hours 【句意】当我们说一个人作息有规律，那意味着他或她每天都在同一时间起床和睡觉。 16.Fortunately, she is now _____________. Her doctor says that she will _______________ in a day or two. 【答案】out of danger, make a full recovery 【句意】幸运的是，她现在脱离了危险。她的医生说她一两天内就会完全康复。 17.However, he still finds that the white-collar lifestyle remains far _______________.  【答案】out of reach 【句意】不过他仍然觉得白领生活还是遥不可及的。 18.I have no choice but to ___________ you in the hope that you can correct the mistakes as well as give me some favourable advice on writing. 【答案】turn to 【句意】我别无选择，只能求助于您，希望您能纠正我的错误，并给我一些有利的写作建议。 19.In a society where being thin is often seen as beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to _________. 【答案】slim down 【句意】在一个通常视瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会采取极端的方法来减肥。 20.Health experts _________ us _________ skipping breakfast which is a very dangerous way to lose weight. 【答案】warn, against 【句意】健康专家们告诫我们不要不吃早餐，这是很危险的减肥方式。 21.Generally speaking, if taken according to the directions, the drug has no __________. 【答案】side effect 【句意】一般来说，如果按照说明服用，这种药没有副作用。 22.So focused is the society on making people’s life more convenient _____________, but _____________, those everyday conveniences are at the expense of our health. 【答案】in the short term/run, in the long run/term 【句意】社会如此关注让人们的短期生活更方便，但从长远来看，这些日常的便利是以牺牲我们的健康为代价的。 23.In order to keep us safe and healthy, we’d better use electronic devices wisely ____________. 【答案】from now on 【句意】为了保持我们安全和健康，我们最好从现在起明智地使用电子设备。 24.____________, they like to keep in touch with their friends-even just to kill time. ___________, if these heavy cell phone users discover that they have forgotten to bring their cell phones along with them, they will insist on returning home to get their “cells”. 【答案】In addition, What’s more 【句意】此外，他们喜欢和朋友保持联系，甚至只是为了打发时间。更重要的是，如果这些重度手机用户发现他们忘了带手机，他们会坚持回家拿“手机”。 25._____________ that put your imperfections out of your mind and ___________ what you value within yourself, and your beauty will shine through. 【答案】Keep in mind, focus on 【句意】记住，把你的不完美抛到脑后，专注于自己内心所珍惜的东西，你的美就会散发光芒。 四、核心词汇(根据要求完成相关任务) 1. skip 完成下列句子 ①经理不停地从一个话题跳到另一个话题，使会议没完没了。 The manager kept __________________________, making the meeting endless. 【答案】skipping from one topic(of conversation)to another ②这个男孩因为他在数学方面的杰出天赋而跳过了三年级。 The boy ________________________ because of his great talent in mathematics. 【答案】skipped the third grade ③我记得我们在大学的时候，你总是逃课。 I remember when we were at the college, you ___________________. 【答案】always skipped classes/used to skip classes ④尽管我们早晨吃的东西对我们的健康有很大的影响，许多学生仍然会因为各种原因不吃早餐。 Although what we eat for breakfast ________________ our health, many students _________________ 【答案】has a great effect/influence on, skip breakfast for various/different reasons. ⑤吉姆建议我们跳过细节，直奔主题。 Jim suggested we __________________and get to the point. 【答案】(should)skip over the details ⑥我一页不漏地读完了全书。 I read the whole book __________________. 【答案】without skipping a page ⑦“你刚才说什么来着？”“噢，不提了！” —What were you saying? —______________! 【答案】Oh, skip it ⑧他们看到那个男人还有一个小女孩蹦蹦跳跳跟着他。 They saw the man with a little girl  ________________________. 【答案】skipping along behind him 2. concentrate 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①I need to ________ at work.Please don’t disturb my________. 【答案】concentrate, concentration 【解析】need to do sth.需要做某事；形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故答案为concentrate和concentration。句意：我需要集中精力在工作上。请不要打扰我的注意力。 ②My car crashed into a cat with my attention ________ on listening to music. 【答案】concentrated 【解析】分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做宾补，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语my attention之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词(concentrate one’s attention on的被动式)，故填concentrated。句意：我的车撞上了一只猫，我的注意力都集中在听音乐上了。 填上恰当的词 ③Nothing is difficult if you _________ your heart into it. 【答案】put 【解析】put one’s heart into全身心投入。句意：只要你全身心投入，就没有什么是困难的。 ④With her attention _________ on the book, the girl sat there quietly. 【答案】fixed 【解析】fix和her attention为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词表被动。句意：那个女孩全神 贯注地看书，静静地坐在那里。 ⑤The writer was so _________ in her work that she didn’t notice him enter the room. 【答案】absorbed 【解析】be absorbed in专心于，全神贯注于。句意：那位作家全神贯注地工作，没有注意到他走 进了房间。 ⑥If you _________ yourself to the job in hand, you’ll soon finish it. 【答案】apply 【解析】apply oneself/one’s mind to将注意力集中于/专心于。句意：如果你专心于手头的工作，你 很快就会完成的。 3. effect 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Keeping a diary in English is an ________ way to improve our English writing abilities. 【答案】effective 【解析】此处应用形容词effective来作定语，修饰名词way。句意：用英语写日记是提高我们英语写作能力的有效方法。 ②It’s hoped that everyone can _________ improve your oral English through  this  activity. 【答案】effectively    【句意】修饰动词improve用副词形式，故填effectively。句意：希望通过此次活动，大家能有效地提高自己的口语交际能力。 ③The _________ of this medicine was evaluated by these scientists the other day. 【答案】effectiveness 【解析】定冠词修饰名词effectiveness(有效性)，故填。句意：前几天这些科学家对这种药的有效性进行了评估。 ④Essential soil properties are negatively ________, and water quality is degraded by contamination. 【答案】affected 【解析】此处为被动语态be affected受到……的影响，用动词affected。句意：土壤基本性质受到负面影响，水质因污染而退化。 ⑤The drug did not _________ his health; in fact it seemed to have no/to be of no_________ at all. 【答案】affect, effect 【解析】affect“影响”，是动词；effect“影响”是名词，have no effect on对……没有影响；be of no effect无效，没有作用，不中用。句意：这种药对他的健康没有影响；事实上，它似乎根本没有任何效果。 完成下列句子 ⑥人类活动对动植物有负面影响。 Human activities __________________ animals and plants. 【答案】have a negative effect on ⑦这项法律生效快一年了，但似乎没有效果。 The law __________________ for almost a year, but it seems that it is not _______. 【答案】has come into effect/has been brought/carried/put into effect/has taken effect/has had effect, effective ⑧他向受到影响的人们道歉。 He apologized to the people ________________. 【答案】who had been affected ⑨失眠有时是某些药物的副作用。 Sleeplessness is sometimes the ________________. 【答案】side effect of certain medicine ⑩全国的计算机系统都感染了一系列诡异的程序，即病毒。 Computer systems throughout the country are ____________________, known as viruses  【答案】being affected by a series of mysterious programs ⑪实际上，它有利于我国经济的可持续发展。 ________________, it contributes to the sustainable development of our economy. 【答案】In effect/In fact/As a matter of fact ⑫我对我度过童年的城市有着深厚的感情。 I _________________________ the city where I spent my childhood. 【答案】have a deep affection for 4. prove 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①With solid ________, the lawyer can certainly ________ that he is innocent. 【答案】proofs, prove 【解析】分析句子结构可知，第一空为名词作宾语，prove的名词为proof意为“证据”，为可数名词，其前无限定词，所以使用名词复数；第二空位于情态动词之后，应为动词原形，且与主语为主动关系，故填proofs和prove。句意：有了确凿的证据，律师肯定能证明他是无辜的。 ②It _________ that the importance of the town is due to its geographical location so far. 【答案】has been proved 【解析】句意：到目前为止，已经证明这个城镇的重要性是由于它的地理位置。根据“so far”及“it”承受谓语动词prove的动作可知，prove应该使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语it为单数意义，故填has been proved。 完成下列句子 ③有时，你所做的选择被证明是错误的。 Sometimes, the choices you have made _________________. 【答案】prove/turn out(to be)wrong ④这个男孩努力证明自己是一个好学生，他确实被证明是很棒的。 The boy tried to ____________________________ and he really proved best. 【答案】prove himself to be a good student ⑤律师告诉媒体，没有证据表明他是无辜的。 The lawyer told the press that ___________________________ he was innocent. 【答案】there was no proof that ⑥我可以用实实在在的证据向我的朋友证明没有任何东西改变过。 I could ________________________ nothing ever changes __________________. 【答案】prove to my friends that, with solid proof ⑦困难在于他如何向其他科学家证明自己的观点。 The difficulty was how he could _____________________________. 【答案】prove his ideas to other scientists 5. function 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①It satisfies the user's requirements both _________ and emotionally. 【答案】functionally 【解析】与emotionally并列用副词functionally。句意：它同时满足了用户在功能和情感上的需求。 ②The office is large and _________ rather than welcoming. 【答案】functional 【解析】与large并列，用形容词functional。句意：这个办公室大而实用，但不怎么宜人。 ③My cellphone has many _________, but I usually use it to call and send messages． 【答案】functions 【解析】受many修饰用名词的复数形式functions。句意：我的手机有很多功能，但是我通常用它来打电话和发短信。 ④It is obvious that you are unable _________ well in work without a good state of mind. 【答案】to function 【解析】be unable to do sth.故填to function。句意：很明显，没有一个好的心理状态，你是无法在工作中好好表现的。 完成下列句子 ⑤慈善机构是一个非盈利组织，作为一个平台为有需要的人提供帮助。为需要帮助的人提供帮助。 A charity is a non­profit organization, ______________________________________. 【答案】functioning as a platform to offer help to people in need ⑥在你的新工作中，你将履行各种职能。 In your new job you will ______________________________. 【答案】perform a variety of functions ⑦他们要雇用你是因为你能够解决问题或者能够履行急需的工作职责。 They’ll hire you because you solve a problem or _______________________.  【答案】perform/fulfill a desperately needed function 6. frightened 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The man who disguised himself as a monster looked ________, so the pedestrians ran away at the sight of him. 【答案】frightening 【详解】分析句子可知，空处为表语用形容词，描述特征，用v-ing形式的形容词，frightening“可怕的”符合题意。不可以填frightened，looked frightened意思是“看上去(他自己)心里恐惧”。句意：那个把自己打扮成怪物的人看起来很可怕，所以行人一看见他就跑开了。 ②Seeing the ________ scene, the little girl was ________ to death and cried in ________, with a ________ expression on her face. 【答案】frightening, frightened, fright, frightened 【句意】分析可知，“fright”，为名词，意为“惊吓；恐怖”，其动词形式为“frighten”，意为“使惊吓；使恐怖”，其形容词形式为“frightened(害怕的)”和“frightening(令人害怕的)”。空①应是形容词作定语，“scene”意为“场景”，为事物，应是“-ing”形式结尾的形容词，因此空①填“frightening”；空②应是形容词作表语，主语“the little girl”意为“这个小女孩”，为人，应是“-ed”形式结尾的形容词，因此空②填“frightened”；空③为名词作宾语，故填“fright”；空④为形容词作定语，“expression”意为“表情”，与人有关，用“-ed”结尾的形容词，因此空④填“frightened”。句意：看到这可怕的场面，小女孩吓得要死，吓得哭了起来，脸上带着惊恐的表情。 完成下列句子 ③他吓得直哆嗦，就好像看见了鬼一样。 _____________________ as if he had seen a ghost. 【答案】He was shaking with fright ④他们走近时，小男孩吓得跑开了。 At their approach, the little boy ________________. 【答案】ran away in fright ⑤我们对着熊大喊大叫，敲击玻璃瓶子，试图把熊吓跑。 We yelled at the bear and hit glass bottles, seeking to ___________________. 【答案】frighten the bear away ⑥他恐吓老太太签了字。 He _______________________ the paper. 【答案】frightened the old lady into signing ⑦The __________________ told us the girl ________________. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】frightened look on her face, was frightened/scared to death 7. pressure 用该词条恰当的形式填空或填上恰当的词 ①In the face of great ________, I think,we should adopt an optimistic attitude. 【答案】pressure 【解析】形容词great修饰名词pressure。句意：面对巨大压力，我认为我们应该采取一种乐观的态度。 ②They are ________ us to make an immediate decision. 【答案】pressing 【解析】press sb. to do sth.催促某人做某事。句意：他们正催促我们立即作出决定。 ③The juice of the grapes is ________ out.  【答案】pressed 【解析】be pressed out被压出来。句意：葡萄汁是压出来的。 完成下列句子 ④我知道学习很重要，但我父母给了我巨大的压力。 I know studying is very important, but my parents __________________________. 【答案】put too great pressure on/upon me ⑤为了缓解学习带来的压力，上周末我和同学们一起去星星农场摘橘子了。 In order to _________________________, I went to Xingxing Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend. 【答案】relieve/ease/reduce the pressure resulting from our study ⑥我忙于学习，因为我有很多家庭作业要做，这让我感到压力很大。 I’m busy with my studies because I have a lot of homework to do, which ________________________. 【答案】makes me feel under great pressure ⑦据说它还具有治疗作用，对患有高血压或高血糖的患者有好处。 It’s also said to have healing effects that/which are good for patients who are _________________ or high blood sugar. 【答案】suffering from high blood pressure ⑧如果你不能应对压力，其他人就会超过你! If you can’t _________________________, people are going to walk all over you!   【答案】handle/cope with/deal with the pressure ⑨她的健康在工作压力下崩溃了。 Her health broke down ________________________ . 【答案】under the pressure of work 8. attack 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①It seems that some users’ passwords are stolen by an ________. 【答案】attacker 【解析】由句意可知，此处用名词attacker(攻击者)作介词 by的宾语，由不定冠词an修饰，用其单数形式。故填attacker。句意：似乎有些用户的密码被攻击者窃取了。 ②_______________ by terrorists, the tall building collapsed. 【答案】Having been attacked 【解析】空处应填非谓语动词的形式，由句意知attack的动作发生在谓语动词collapsed之前且主语the tall building 与attack之间为被动关系，应用现在分词完成式的被动形式，作原因状语，故填Having been attacked。句意：由于受到恐怖分子的袭击，这座高楼倒塌了。 完成下列句子 ③昨天一个小偷在街上袭击了一位妇女。(用动词短语) A thief _______________________ a woman in the street yesterday. 【答案】made an attack on/upon/against ④当多叶植物受到攻击时，它不会坐以待毙。 When a leafy plant ____________, it doesn’t sit quietly.(用介词短语) 【答案】is under attack ⑤一些顽皮的孩子经常在路上用石头袭击路人。 Some naughty children often ____________________ on the road. 【答案】attack the passers-by with stones ⑥他们发现，那些吃鱼数量最多的女性，心脏病发作的几率最低。 They found that the women who ate the most fish were least likely to ________________.  【答案】have/suffer a heart attack ⑦他抨击美国政府在去年夏天次贷危机爆发后仍反对更严格的监管。 He __________________ opposing stricter regulations even after the subprime crisis had broken out last summer. 【答案】attacked the US government for ⑧随着冬天的临近，人们很可能会感染流感。 With the winter approaching, people _______________________ influenza. 【答案】are likely to be attacked with 9. addition 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Ann will be a very useful ________ to our team. 【答案】addition 【解析】根据空格前a very useful可知，此处应用名词addition的单数形式。句意：Ann对我们的团队来说是一个非常有用的补充。 ②The charge for the delivery is ________. 【答案】additional 【解析】additional添加的，额外的。句意：快递费用是另加的。 ③We read for knowledge and fun. ________, we also read for inspiration. 【答案】Additionally 【解析】 修饰后文整个句子应用副词additionally，作状语。句首单词首字母要大写，故填Additionally。句意：我们读书是为了知识和乐趣。此外，我们还通过阅读来寻找灵感。 完成下列句子 ④除了努力工作，我们还需要一些走向成功的好的方法。 __________________________ we need some good ways to succeed. 【答案】In addition to hard work ⑤除了保证你的身体健康，晨练还有助于改善你的心理健康。 ____________________________________, morning exercise helps to improve your mental health. 【答案】In addition to ensuring your physical health ⑥众所周知，好朋友会给生活增添幸福和价值。 As is known to all, good friends _______________________ life. 【答案】add happiness and value to ⑦“请把所有的数字加起来并告诉我结果。” “那些数字加起来总共是10000。” —Please ____________ all the numbers and tell me the result. —Those numbers __________ 10,000. 【答案】add up, add up to ⑧我不太喜欢这件外套的颜色。此外，它的成本太高。 I don’t quite like this color of the coat. ____________, it costs too much. 【答案】In addition ⑨他补充说，一个人应该让自己适应不断变化的情况。 He ___________________________ the changing conditions. 【答案】added that one should adapt oneself to ⑩如果你把这四个数字加起来，会超过500美元。 If you _____________________, it comes to over $500. 【答案】add those four figures/numbers up 10. strength 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The ability to keep calm is one of her many ________. Owing to her excellent trait, she was promoted to deal with the emergency. 【答案】strengths 【解析】strength力量，力气，长处，优势/点。句意：保持冷静是她的优点之一。由于她的优秀品质，她被提升去处理紧急情况。 ②Union is ________. Please ________ your cooperation. 【答案】strength, strengthen 【解析】分析句子结构可知，第一空为名词作表语，根据句意可知，此处表示“力量”应为strength，表示“力量”时应为不可数名词；第二空所在的句子是祈使句，所以第二空应为动词原形，根据句意以及提示词可知，此处应为动词，strength的动词为strengthen。句意：团结就是力量，请加强你们的合作。 ③Knowing you have a ________ desire to learn Chinese well, I’d like to offer you some suggestions. 【答案】strong 【解析】strong(对身、心影响)强烈的，深刻的。句意：知道你有学好汉语的强烈愿望，我想给你一些建议。 完成下列句子 ④了解自己的优点和缺点将有助于你实现梦想。 ____________________________will help you achieve your dreams. 【答案】Knowing your strengths and weaknesses ⑤参加体育活动增强体力。 Take part in the physical exercises and ___________________. 【答案】build up your strength ⑥他说，只有通过合作，各国才有力量战胜困难。 He said only by cooperating would countries ______________________ hardships. 【答案】have the strength to overcome ⑦为了救那男孩，他用尽全身力气推着那块岩石。 Eager to save the boy, he pushed against the rock _________________. 【答案】with all his strength 11. talent 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Tom was found ________ in basketball when he was very young. 【答案】talented 【解析】用形容词talented作补足语。句意：汤姆很小的时候就被发现在篮球方面很有天赋。 ②You should choose a job that matches your ________ and interests. 【答案】talents 【解析】分析句子可知，设空处应填名词作宾语，talent“才能”为可数名词，与后面名词interests并列，表示多方面的才能，故需要用复数形式talents。句意：你应该选择一份与你的才能和兴趣相符的工作。 完成下列句子 ③那个小男孩在绘画上极有天赋。我们相信他会成为一个有天赋的画家。 The little boy _________________. We believed he would ________________. 【答案】showed his great talent for painting, become a talented artist (had a great talent/genius for painting), become a talented artist (was talented in/at painting), become a talented artist ④他是个好球员，有天赋为球队做得更好。 He’s a good player and has ________________ for the team. 【答案】has the talent to do better 12. achievement 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①I ________ only half of what I’d hoped, so I don’t think I am an ________ and I won’t celebrate the ________ I’ve made, although everyone thinks I should have a sense of ________ (achieve) 【答案】have achieved, achiever, achievements, achievement 【解析】第一空在句中作谓语，应用动词形式，结合句意可知，此处表示“只完成了原本希望的一半，所以不认为自己是一个成功者”，动作发生在过去，但对现在造成了影响，应用现在完成时，故第一空填have achieved；第二空位于不定冠词an后，在句中作表语，应用名词形式，结合句意可知，此处表示“成功者”，应用achiever；第三空位于定冠词the后，在句中作宾语，应用名词形式，结合句意可知，此处表示“我所取得的成就”，指所有成就，故应用名词的复数形式，故填achievements；第四空在句中作介词of的宾语，应用名词形式，此处表示“成就感”，用名词单数形式。句意：我只完成了原本希望的一半，因此我认为我不是一个成功者，也不会庆祝自己所取得的成绩，尽管所有人都认为我应该有一种成就感。 ②A permanent peace is ________ at the conference. 【答案】to be achieved 【解析】设空处为表语，表示将要，应用不定式，并且主语和动词之间是被动关系，应用不定式的被动结构，故填to be achieved。句意：这次会议将实现永久和平。 ③Make sure your goals are actually ________ before setting them. 【答案】achievable 【解析】be动词后用形容词作表语。achieve形容词是achievable。句意：在制定目标之前，确保你的目标是可以实现的。 完成下列句子 ④即使在工作中取得巨大成功，我们也不应该骄傲。 Even if we __________________ in our work, we should not be too proud. 【答案】achieve great success ⑤父母正在尽其所能帮助孩子实现自己的抱负。 Parents are doing all they can to help their children __________________ . 【答案】achieve their ambitions ⑥努力工作，一起实现团队目标总是让我兴奋。 It always makes me excited to work hard and ____________________ together. 【答案】achieve a team goal/aim ⑦只要我们努力，我们一定能实现我们的梦想。 As long as we try our best, we are bound ________________. 【答案】to achieve our dreams ⑧有坚定决心的人有可能获得成就。 Those who are of great determination __________________________. 【答案】are likely to make great achievement ⑨如果你希望你的孩子有强烈的学习欲望，你必须要先让他明白他有能力从学习中获得成就感。 If you wish your child to have a strong desire to learn, you must first have him understand that he has the ability to gain ________________ through learning. 【答案】a sense of achievement 五、句型仿写 1.我不知道你缺席会议的原因，但我肯定有人会告诉我你没有告诉我的原因。 I don’t know ___________________ the meeting, but I’m sure someone will tell me . 【答案】the reason why you were absent from, the reason(that)you haven’t told me 2.他开会迟到的原因是他遇上了交通堵塞。 ________________________ the meeting ______________ he got stuck in the traffic jam. 【答案】The reason for which he was late for, is that 3.有必要采取有效的措施来保障我们的公民权利。 _____________________________ to protect our civil rights.  【答案】It is essential/necessary that, effective measures(should)be taken 4.正如人们经常建议的那样，我们应该尝试用和平的方式而不是用武力来解决一切问题。 As is often suggested, we should try to deal with everything _____________________________. 【答案】in a peaceful way rather than by means of force 5.你应该将精力投入到提升自己中，而不是将自己的失败归咎于其他人。 You should devote your energy to __________________________________. 【答案】improving yourself rather than blaming others for your failure 6.为了过低碳生活，我宁愿骑车而不是开车上班。 To live a low­carbon life, I _________________________ to work.(prefer) 【答案】prefer cycling to driving/ would rather cycle than drive/would cycle rather than drive 7要是我留张字条就好了，但是我当时太忙了。 ____________________________, but I was too busy then. 【答案】I’d rather I had left a note 8.一切准备就绪后，艾莉森问他们是否可以和我们的新朋友一起庆祝生日。 _______________________, Alison asked whether they could celebrate their birthday with our new friends together. 【答案】With everything ready 9.Mary有许多工作要做，今晚她没有时间去购物了。 _______________________________, Mary has no time to go shopping this evening. 【答案】With so much work to do/finish/complete 10.随着越来越多的森林被破坏/消失，一些动植物正面临着灭绝的危险。 _________________________, some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out. 【答案】With more and more forests damaged/disappearing 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$