阅读理解(2023)分项练习-2025届高三英语二轮复习

2023年全国高考英语卷阅读理解分类汇编

Task 1. 表面细节事实

1. (2023 全国甲卷 D) Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.

12. How do Americans look at grizzlies?

A. They cause mixed feelings in people.  B. They should be kept in national parks.

C. They are of high scientific value.   D. They are a symbol of American culture.

2. (2023 全国乙卷 C) According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.

10. Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now?

A. 20%.   B. 24%.   C. 25%.   D. 33%.

3. (2023 全国乙卷 B) Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.

4. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest?

A. By teaming up with other photographers.

B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks.

C. By studying the geographical conditions.

D. By creating settings in the corn fields.

4. (2023 全国乙卷 B) One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However,

we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.

5. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author?

A. Proper time management.   B. Good shooting techniques.

C. Adventurous spirit.     D. Distinctive styles.

5. (2023 新课标Ⅱ卷 B) Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.

5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program?

A. The kids’ parents distrusted her.   B. Students had little time for her classes.

C. Some kids disliked garden work.   D. There was no space for school gardens.

6. (2023 新课标Ⅱ卷 C) In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses —absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.

9. What are the selected artworks about?

A. Wealth and intellect.       B. Home and school.

C. Books and reading.       D. Work and leisure.

7. (2023 新课标Ⅱ卷 D) As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.

12. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text?

A. Pocket parks are now popular.   B. Wild nature is hard to find in cities.

C. Many cities are overpopulated.   D. People enjoy living close to nature.

8. (2023 新课标Ⅱ卷 D) The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.”

13. Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories?

A. To compare different types of park-goers.

B. To explain why the park attracts tourists.

C. To analyze the main features of the park.

D. To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries.

9. (2023 新课标Ⅱ卷 D) Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.

  “We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.

15. What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn?

A. Language study.      B. Environmental conservation.

C. Public education.     D. Intercultural communication.

10. (2023 新课标Ⅰ卷 B) When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.

After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.

4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?

A. He was fond of traveling.    B. He enjoyed being alone.

C. He had an inquiring mind.    D. He longed to be a doctor.

11. (2023 新课标Ⅰ卷 B) The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.

5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?

A. To feed the animals.      B. To build an ecosystem.