精品解析：河南省驻马店市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

驻马店市2023～2024 学年度第二学期期终质量监测 高二英语试题 本试题卷分为第I 卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。考生作答时，将答案答在答 题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效。考试结束后，监考老师只收答题卡。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写(涂)在答题卡上。考生要认真核对答题 卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”与考生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致。 2. 第I 卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。第Ⅱ卷用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作 答，在试题上作答，答案无效。 3. 考试结束，监考教师将答题卡收回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。 例 ：How much is the shirt? A. f19. 15. B. f9. 18. C. f9. 15. 答案是C 1. Where did the man go in April? A. South Korea. B. India. C. Singapore. 2. What is the weather like? A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Rainy 3. When would Susan like to have dinner? A. 6:30 pm, B. 7:00 pm. C. 8:00 pm 4. What is the man unsatisfied with about the apartment? A. The rule. B. The rent. C. The location 5. What will the man probably do? A. Take the job. B. Refuse the offer. C. Change the working time. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A, B, C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What did the new waiter forget to do for the woman? A. Give her the menu. B. Reserve a table. C. Take her order 7. Why is the woman unwilling to go to other restaurants? A. She has paid the money in advance. B. It’s hard to get a table now. C. Her guests are on the way here. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is Ms. Johnson’s problem? A. She is overweight B. She suffers from stress. C. She has high blood sugar. 9. What does the man suggest Ms. Johnson do? A. Rest at home. B. Take some medicine C. Have a healthy lifestyle. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the man look sad? A. He will be out of work. B. He will be far from home. C. He will lose lots of money. 11. What kind of service will the man’s studio provide? A. A long—term service. B. A lower—price service. C. A service facing musicians. 12. What is the man’s future plan? A. To run a company. B. To form a band. C. To be a musician 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the woman doing? A Hosting a program. B. Chairing a meeting. C. Conducting a job interview. 14. When did Cruz set up a platform online? A. In 2016. B. In 2018. C. In 2019. 15. What is Cruz’s attitude toward nicknaming him? A. Satisfied. B. Uncaring. C. Disapproving. 16. Why does Cruz insist on an adoption fee? A. To earn adequate money. B. To expand the adoption center. C. To make sure adopters treat cats well. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the main feature of LearnEnglish courses? A. The fun. B. The low prices. C. The flexibility. 18. What can the workbooks do? A. Help choose a course. B. Offer extra written work. C. Guide the learners’ habits. 19. When will the staff member tell you how to get started? A. As soon as you register. B. After you pass a language test. C. Before you take the taster lesson. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. Ways of learning English. B. Special online courses. C. Technology and English. 第二部分 阅读(每小题2. 5分，共计50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A June is around the corner, meaning summer is almost here! we’ve asked our book critics for some advice: What upcoming fiction and nonfiction are they most looking forward to reading? Here’s a look: Daughter of the Merciful Deep by Leslye Penelope I was hooked when I first saw the gorgeous cover for Daughter of the Merciful Deep by Leslye Penelope. But the novel’s premise put it at the top of my summer reading list. Penelope is known for unforgettable characters, world—building, beautiful writing and robust Storytelling. Her latest work, inspired by actual events —the drowned Black towns of the American South —promises a magical, mythical and powerful tale of a young woman’s quest to save her town. A historical fantasy must—read. (July 4)—Denny Bryce The Lucky Ones by Zara Chowdhary In 2002, two train carriages were set on fire in Gujarat, India. Within three weeks, more than 2, 000 Muslims were murdered in response by Hindu mobs. By the end of the year, more than 50, 000 Muslims became refugees in their own country. The Lucky Ones is a unique biography in English of this largest—ever massacre in independent India. It is also about a communal crisis bringing a fractured family together. A must—read in our warring world today. (July 16)—Jenny Bhatt Liars by Sarah Manguso I have long been a fan of Sarah Manguso’s crystalline prose, from her fragmented illness biography The Two Kinds of Decay to her tightly constrained 2022 novel Very Cold People. Her second novel, Liars, marries restraint with rage—in it, Manguso traces the full are of a 15-year relationship between Jane, a successful writer, and John, a dilettante artist—cum一 techie, in aphoristic vignettes. The result is a furious, propulsive meditation on wifehood, motherhood and artistic ambition. (July 23)—Kristen Martin 1. What is Penelope famous for? A. Using beautiful language. B. Focusing on actual events. C. Telling historical stories. D. Shaping perfect woman images. 2. Which of the following is a biography? A. Liars. B. The Lucky Ones. C. Daughter of the Merciful Deep. D. Very Cold People. 3. What do Daughter of the Merciful Deep and Liars have in common? A. They are set in the American South. B. Their writers are both women. C. They are both related to magic and myth. D. Their main characters are artists. B Selina Zhang, a high schooler, has invented a trap that could potentially get rid of lanternflies in the city. She first noticed this pest in grade school. At the time, Zhang was visiting a market near her hometown. The colorful bugs caught her eye, and she was intrigued as she had never seen a bug quite like it. Zhang’s first encounter with the spotted lanternfly relates to the quote, “Not all that glitters is gold. ”This bug with bright red underwings standing out from black forewings might be pretty to look at. However, it has damaged local agricultural industry for decades, and the city has been unable to remove this problem. This insect has a healthy appetite for most plants and can feed on most crops, trees and various fruits. This invasive pest does not harm humans or animals. However, it could reduce the quality of life of people living in heavily infested areas. It is known to be a nuisance (讨厌的东西) in outdoor areas as they can lay their egg masses on trees and even vehicles. Zhang eventually realized that this insect posed a threat to Garden City and decided to do something about it. Most people choose insecticides to manage this invasion, but this can leave harmful remains affecting crucial pollinators. Some others use a sticky band wrapped around a tree trunk to trap pests. This method is also unsafe as it can trap other small animals and insects in its grip. In search of an ecologically acceptable method, Zhang got inspiration from chess boards and the“Dance Dance Revolution”. She conducted an extensive field observation for weeks on end, observing the behavioral patterns of the bugs. She studied how they grew over time and navigated unfamiliar structures and areas they chose to gather. After her study, Zhang knew she wanted to copy the tree of heaven as a trap and used an umbrella from her family’s patio. She then designed an electric net for this tree, using machine learning to kill the lanternflies that landed. And she finally created an solar-powered, self-cleaning“tree”that attracts the spotted lanternfly, removing the bug with an electronic mesh (网). 4. What does the quote “Not all that glitters is gold” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Things looking valuable may be worthless. B. Zhang’s hometown fails to get rid of the bug. C. Bodies of the beautiful lanternfly are glowing. D The bug destroys agricultural industry despite its beauty. 5. What can be learned about lanternflies? A. They live on greens and animals. B They have a bad effect on people’s life. C. People hate them laying eggs everywhere. D Their underwings are shorter than their forewings. 6. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. The application of the trap. B. The source of the trap. C. The process of inventing the trap. D. The challenges of designing the trap. 7. Which of the following can best describe Zhang? A. Persistent and innovative. B. Creative and modest. C. Reliable and knowledgeable. D. Intelligent and confident C As tech has given us greater access to an increasingly complex world, we are viewing much of it through smaller windows. People scroll quickly through headlines more frequently throughout the day on mobile devices. However, research has shown that time spent attending to news is shorter on smartphones than on other platforms. Ironically, more exposure to news items may be associated with less impact of news content. Can photos and videos on tiny screens fully protray (描述) the beauty of natural landscapes, the challenges of death-defying recues, or the reality of people’s lives destroyed by war or natural disasters?The truth is that the impact of viewing complex realities in news reports on small screens has not yet been fully explored. It is clear, however, that there are important limitations on what is portrayed in miniature (缩影) — context, relative scale, and fine details. Photos of famous paintings are not perfect substitutes for the original masterpieces. So, what might we be missing as we experience newsworthy events on smaller screens? Many viewers quickly scroll through headlines without taking the time to explore a story in depth, much less reflect upon its validity, relevance, or significance. When video news is viewed on tiny screens, it can contribute to a feeling that time is passing by more rapidly. Research found small images can distance viewers psychologically from the content reported and result in less emotional engagement. Also, viewers respond with lower levels of attention when emotional content is presented on smaller screens. Our lives have changed substantially since the pandemic. Social interactions have become limited by less frequent face-to-face encounters and more exchanges in virtual spaces. The combination of lifestyle changes and tiny-screen news suggests the possibility of a transformation to a more solipsistic society with greater focus on our own needs and less attention to others’ lives. Although greater self-orientation brings many benefits, social engagement is essential to maximizing the quality of our own lives. We not only need to interact with others but to belong, relate, and live beyond our self to enjoy meaningful lives. 8. What can we infer from paragraph 2? A. Greater access to news has a lot to do with news content. B views limit the capture of fine details in news report. C. Videos on tiny screens can adequately portray the beauty of nature. D. Photos of a painting can completely replace the original masterpiece. 9. What can news—viewing on small screens lead to? A. Higher level of attention. B. More emotional involvement. C. Greater psychological distancing. D. More exchanges in virtual spaces. 10. What does the author suggest according to the text? A. Participating in social activities. B. Keeping away from virtual spaces. C. Paying little attention to others’ lives. D. Centering greatly on one’s own needs. 11. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text? A. To call for action to turn down small screen views. B. To introduce a phenomenon of small screen views. C. To clarify the negative effect of small screen views. D. To present life changes caused by small screen views. D Scientists are increasingly aware that the microbes (微生物) living around a plant’s roots can significantly affect its growth. Previous studies on cress ( 水 芹 ) have shown that the presence of the right microbes can enhance the absorption of critical nutrients like iron, phosphorus and nitrogen. The possibility of enhanced nitrogen absorption was particularly appealing to tea experts in Fujian, China because tea plants rely upon nitrogen — rich ammonium(氨盐基)in the soil around their roots to produce theanine (茶氨酸) that generates their distinctive flavours. To learn more about how specifically root microbes will affect tea quality, they studied 17 different tea varieties at different times of year and they found that theanine production varied widely, even among similar teas. Some highly valued oolong teas such as Rougui, produced a lot of the compound, whereas others, such as Maoxie, produced less. After growing these two tea plants under identical conditions, the researchers collected soil samples and used genetic analysis to identify which microbes were present around the roots. The microbiomes of the two were very different. Crucially, Rougui had more microbes associated with the absorption of nitrogen than did Maoxie. Consequently, Rougui also showed a greater ability to absorb nitrogen from ammonium in the soil. This led to a natural question. If the microbial community found around Rougui were transplanted to other tea plants, might this increase their theanine production and, in turn, improve their flavour?To explore this, the researchers created a community of microbes that resembled the community found around autumnal Rougui roots and applied them to the roots of Maoxie plants. They reported that this not only enhanced root growth in Maoxie young plants by giving them a nitrogen boost, but also nearly tripled the theanine accumulation in the leaves. “Based on our current experimental findings, microbial communities have not only improved the absorption of ammonium nitrogen in different tea varieties but also enhanced the uptake of ammonium nitrogen. ”study co—author Tongda Xu said in a statement. “This suggests the ammonium nitrogen uptake — promoting function of microbial communities may be applied to various plants, including other crops. ” 12. What did the tea experts in Fujian intend to do? A. To show limitations of previous studies. B. To check changes of tea production. C. To detail research findings on tea leaves. D. To gain a deep insight into microbes. 13. What conclusion can be drawn from the expert’s experiments? A. Rougui was more highly thought of than Maoxie. B. Similar teas produced the same amount of theanine. C. An increase in microbes could change the flavour of Maoxie. D. Maoxie had a greater ability to absorb nitrogen than Rougui. 14. What may the follow-up study focus on according to Xu? A. The production of theanine. B. The diversity of tea flavour. C. The transplant of microbial communities. D. The function of microbes in other crops. 15. Which can be the best title of the text? A. Microbes Improving Tea B. Tea Plants Boosting Microbes C. The Influence of Microbes on Agriculture D. The Relationship between Tea and Microbes 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5 分，满分 12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Have you ever had a day when nothing sounded fun? ___16___ Days like this are normal, now and then. For people living with depression, however, it can be a sign of a common symptom called “anhedonia.” Anhedonia is feeling a lack of joy in once—enjoyed activities. This lack of joy can lead one to stop doing things they normally would do for fun, predicting that they won’t be able to appreciate it anyway. Yet, this reasoning is a trap. ___17___ In cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a strategy known as behavior activation is often used to fight anhedonia. ___18___ Often, we find more happiness than we predicted we would, and the activity can help counter the effects of depression. ___19___ In acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), behavior activation focuses on what is meaningful rather than how something makes us feel. By increasing meaningful action, we often improve our moods. A study of individuals diagnosed with late—stage cancer found that a course of ACT improved both symptoms of anhedonia and depression. The core strategy in this approach is to focus away from trying to control what we/feel and zeroing in on what matters to us. Life is ever moving forward. ___20___ Interestingly, at times, when we take the camera away from controlling what we feel toward controlling what we do, we may find that how we feel changes, too, A. Yet, behavior activation does not have to be random. B. It is full of surprises and some good, some not so good. C. Withdrawal from liked activities often only furthers depression. D. If we wait until we “feel like” doing something, we risk missing out. E. It’s as if all the color has disappeared, and the world has turned grey. F. This involves scheduling activities that are meaningful and following through. G. Behavior activation provides the tools we’ll need, including worksheets and video. 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One Sunday, we arrived home from a wedding, to find our neighbors ___21___ among a pile of buckets, bottles, and anything they could fill water in. Upon ___22___, they said they had been ___23___ the water truck in the baking heat for hours. In some parts of South Africa, homes have not had water in their taps for weeks and months on end. ____24____, my dad’s foresight blessed our home with a ___25___ borehole (钻井) that provides us with fresh water every day. In the spirit of humanity (博爱) , we ___26___ them to collect their water from our borehole. There was much laughter and ___27___, along with some happy singing as bucket after bucket was filled. It was a feel-good ___28___ for me to watch the young help the elderly ___29___ their water home before returning for their own buckets. By the time the water truck finally ____30____, we must have provided water to around 50一 plus very grateful people. We also ____31____ a time for them to come the following day if there was still no water available. With the current heatwave and less rainfall than usual, there is no way of knowing how long the borehole will ____32____ to provide water for all of us. But as long as it is working, we practice the humanity. “It is not safe to let strangers onto your ____33____,” some say. But humanity pushes us to take the risk because burdens are _____34_____ when shared. A simple act of sharing water has instilled (灌输) humanity in me and ____35____in the community that we can overcome the difficulties we face together. 21. A. quarreling B. sitting C. sleeping D. crying 22. A. doubt B. study C. observation D. enquiry 23. A. standing for B. waiting for C. looking for D. leaving for 24. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Surprisingly D. Thankfully 25. A. public B. remote C. precious D. low 26. A. ordered B. forced C. caused D. encouraged 27. A. noise B. chatter C. conflict D. explanation 28. A. moment B. goal C. trick D. trade 29. A. fetch B. bring C. carry D. get 30. A. passed B. arrived C. moved D. ran 31. A. spent B. experienced C. arranged D. missed 32. A. decide B. continue C. begin D. agree 33. A. property B. thought C. principle D. preparation 34. A. created B. exchanged C. adjusted D. lessened 35. A. ability B. fun C. hope D. demand 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Indigenous plants of Sri Lanka have attracted traders and food lovers for centuries. But separated by land and ocean, Sri Lanka is far away from China, and it is not easy to find a restaurant ___36___ (devote) to that country’s cuisine in any Chinese city. Fortunately, food lovers can sit down at a Beijing food festival ___37___ (sample) Sri Lanka’s cuisine that’s not well-known in China. Dammika De Silva, ___38___ 18-year best — known chef in Sri Lanka, is now at Beijing’s Minzu Hotel for a two—week stint to arouse diners’ ___39___ (curious) and appetites for the coastal country’s cuisine. He ___40___ (present) a special menu for the ongoing Sri Lanka Food Festival at the hotel’s Mill Cafe, co-organized by the embassy of Sri Lanka in China and the Beijing People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries. “Sri Lanka is the country of spices, and we are the people of spices, ”declares Manick Rodrigo in the festival, managing director of Barberyn Ayurveda Resorts, ___41___ the famous chef currently works. “Nearly 80 percent of cinnamon on the global market is from Sri Lanka, ”he adds. The fact that so many spices are native ___42___ the tropical Southeast Asian country has made ___43___a trading attraction since the days of the Maritime Silk Road. Spices make food fragrant and ___44___ (taste), and apart from people _____45_____ (avoid) strongly spiced food for religious reasons, many people in Sri Lanka like strong—flavored food, he adds. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是中学生李华，你的英国朋友John 因为经常收到老师对其作业的负面反馈而沮丧。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示安慰; 2. 提出建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear John, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My students were often trapped by inner demons(恶魔) . Jake, aged 20, was one example of them. One day, the adult came to me. “I’m stupid, ”he whispered. “I’ve been in special education classes all my life. I’m not capable of getting a GED(General Educational Development). ” “Who told you that?”I asked. “Everybody, my teachers, my parents, everybody. ”He sadly answered. “Well, Jake, I’m not telling you that. I think you may be dyslexic(诵读困难 的). ”I had been watching him struggle with reading. “But that has nothing to do with stupid. ” I showed Jake how to use a ruler, or his finger, under the words to read—a method many teachers frowned upon. This would help him focus. It kept his eyes in the right place. He looked at me with down —turned lips, still not convinced. “Take frequent breaks, ”I suggested. “Remind yourself to focus. Practice by saying’focus, focus, focus, ‘mentally, whenever you realize you’re losing your train of thought. ”I also showed him how to scroll the page, using a sheet of paper with a cut in it, to reveal only one line of writing at a time. “Jake, I know you like music. Try writing a multiplication(乘法)rap. It will help you remember the tables. ”I later heard that such a rap already existed and was available on a CD. Jake’s head was down. He looked up and spoke indefinitely saying, “Figured out that if I suck on hard candy when I study, I can concentrate much better. ”He knew that candy was not allowed. Wow, this kid had discovered his own cure. “You know, Jake, one of the classroom rules is no eating in class, but I’m going to revise that rule. From now on hard candy will be allowed, and I recommend that you bring some to help you study. It will be especially useful when you’re taking a test. ” The next day Jake came to class wearing a big smile. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jake finally passed his GED test successfully. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 驻马店市2023～2024 学年度第二学期期终质量监测 高二英语试题 本试题卷分为第I 卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。考生作答时，将答案答在答 题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效。考试结束后，监考老师只收答题卡。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写(涂)在答题卡上。考生要认真核对答题 卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”与考生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致。 2. 第I 卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。第Ⅱ卷用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作 答，在试题上作答，答案无效。 3. 考试结束，监考教师将答题卡收回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。 例 ：How much is the shirt? A. f19. 15. B. f9. 18. C. f9. 15. 答案是C 1. Where did the man go in April? A. South Korea. B. India. C. Singapore. 2. What is the weather like? A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Rainy 3. When would Susan like to have dinner? A. 6:30 pm, B. 7:00 pm. C. 8:00 pm 4. What is the man unsatisfied with about the apartment? A. The rule. B. The rent. C. The location 5. What will the man probably do? A. Take the job. B. Refuse the offer. C. Change the working time. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A, B, C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 What did the new waiter forget to do for the woman? A. Give her the menu. B. Reserve a table. C. Take her order 7. Why is the woman unwilling to go to other restaurants? A. She has paid the money in advance. B. It’s hard to get a table now. C. Her guests are on the way here. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is Ms. Johnson’s problem? A. She is overweight B. She suffers from stress. C. She has high blood sugar. 9. What does the man suggest Ms. Johnson do? A. Rest at home. B. Take some medicine C. Have a healthy lifestyle. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the man look sad? A. He will be out of work. B. He will be far from home. C. He will lose lots of money. 11. What kind of service will the man’s studio provide? A. A long—term service. B. A lower—price service. C. A service facing musicians. 12. What is the man’s future plan? A. To run a company. B. To form a band. C. To be a musician 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the woman doing? A. Hosting a program. B. Chairing a meeting. C. Conducting a job interview. 14. When did Cruz set up a platform online? A. In 2016. B. In 2018. C. In 2019. 15. What is Cruz’s attitude toward nicknaming him? A. Satisfied. B. Uncaring. C. Disapproving. 16. Why does Cruz insist on an adoption fee? A. To earn adequate money. B. To expand the adoption center. C. To make sure adopters treat cats well. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the main feature of LearnEnglish courses? A. The fun. B. The low prices. C. The flexibility. 18. What can the workbooks do? A. Help choose a course. B. Offer extra written work. C. Guide the learners’ habits. 19. When will the staff member tell you how to get started? A. As soon as you register. B. After you pass a language test. C. Before you take the taster lesson. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. Ways of learning English. B. Special online courses. C. Technology and English. 第二部分 阅读(每小题2. 5分，共计50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A June is around the corner, meaning summer is almost here! we’ve asked our book critics for some advice: What upcoming fiction and nonfiction are they most looking forward to reading? Here’s a look: Daughter of the Merciful Deep by Leslye Penelope I was hooked when I first saw the gorgeous cover for Daughter of the Merciful Deep by Leslye Penelope. But the novel’s premise put it at the top of my summer reading list. Penelope is known for unforgettable characters, world—building, beautiful writing and robust Storytelling. Her latest work, inspired by actual events —the drowned Black towns of the American South —promises a magical, mythical and powerful tale of a young woman’s quest to save her town. A historical fantasy must—read. (July 4)—Denny Bryce The Lucky Ones by Zara Chowdhary In 2002, two train carriages were set on fire in Gujarat, India. Within three weeks, more than 2, 000 Muslims were murdered in response by Hindu mobs. By the end of the year, more than 50, 000 Muslims became refugees in their own country. The Lucky Ones is a unique biography in English of this largest—ever massacre in independent India. It is also about a communal crisis bringing a fractured family together. A must—read in our warring world today. (July 16)—Jenny Bhatt Liars by Sarah Manguso I have long been a fan of Sarah Manguso’s crystalline prose, from her fragmented illness biography The Two Kinds of Decay to her tightly constrained 2022 novel Very Cold People. Her second novel, Liars, marries restraint with rage—in it, Manguso traces the full are of a 15-year relationship between Jane, a successful writer, and John, a dilettante artist—cum一 techie, in aphoristic vignettes. The result is a furious, propulsive meditation on wifehood, motherhood and artistic ambition. (July 23)—Kristen Martin 1. What is Penelope famous for? A. Using beautiful language. B. Focusing on actual events. C. Telling historical stories. D. Shaping perfect woman images. 2. Which of the following is a biography? A. Liars. B. The Lucky Ones. C. Daughter of the Merciful Deep. D. Very Cold People. 3. What do Daughter of the Merciful Deep and Liars have in common? A. They are set in the American South. B. Their writers are both women. C. They are both related to magic and myth. D. Their main characters are artists. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本篇为应用文。文章主要介绍由书评员推荐的即将上架的几本书籍。每本书的介绍包括书作者，推荐理由及上架时间等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Penelope is known for unforgettable characters, world-building, beautiful writing and robust storytelling. (佩内洛普以令人难忘的人物、世界构建、优美的写作和强有力的故事讲述而闻名。)”可知，Penelope 因其令人难忘的角色，虚拟世界的构建，优美的文笔及有力的讲故事风格而出名。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Lucky Ones is a unique biography in English of this largest-ever massacre in independent India. (《幸运者》是一本独特的英文传记，讲述了独立印度有史以来最大的大屠杀)”可知，The Lucky Ones 是一篇传记。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Her latest work, inspired by actual events —the drowned Black towns of the American South —promises a magical, mythical and powerful tale of a young woman’s quest to save her town. (她的最新作品受到实际事件的启发——美国南部被淹没的黑人城镇——讲述了一个神奇、神秘而强大的故事，讲述了一位年轻女子拯救自己城镇的故事。)”和第四段中的“Her second novel, Liars, marries restraint with rage—in it, Manguso traces the full are of a 15-year relationship between Jane, a successful writer, and John, a dilettante artist—cum 一  techie, in aphoristic vignettes. (她的第二部小说《说谎者》将克制与愤怒结合在一起——曼古索在小说中用警句式的小插曲描绘了成功作家简和业余艺术家兼技术专家约翰之间长达15年的关系。) ”中的“her”可知，这两本书的作者都是女性。故选B项。 B Selina Zhang, a high schooler, has invented a trap that could potentially get rid of lanternflies in the city. She first noticed this pest in grade school. At the time, Zhang was visiting a market near her hometown. The colorful bugs caught her eye, and she was intrigued as she had never seen a bug quite like it. Zhang’s first encounter with the spotted lanternfly relates to the quote, “Not all that glitters is gold. ”This bug with bright red underwings standing out from black forewings might be pretty to look at. However, it has damaged local agricultural industry for decades, and the city has been unable to remove this problem. This insect has a healthy appetite for most plants and can feed on most crops, trees and various fruits. This invasive pest does not harm humans or animals. However, it could reduce the quality of life of people living in heavily infested areas. It is known to be a nuisance (讨厌的东西) in outdoor areas as they can lay their egg masses on trees and even vehicles. Zhang eventually realized that this insect posed a threat to Garden City and decided to do something about it. Most people choose insecticides to manage this invasion, but this can leave harmful remains affecting crucial pollinators. Some others use a sticky band wrapped around a tree trunk to trap pests. This method is also unsafe as it can trap other small animals and insects in its grip. In search of an ecologically acceptable method, Zhang got inspiration from chess boards and the“Dance Dance Revolution”. She conducted an extensive field observation for weeks on end, observing the behavioral patterns of the bugs. She studied how they grew over time and navigated unfamiliar structures and areas they chose to gather. After her study, Zhang knew she wanted to copy the tree of heaven as a trap and used an umbrella from her family’s patio. She then designed an electric net for this tree, using machine learning to kill the lanternflies that landed. And she finally created an solar-powered, self-cleaning“tree”that attracts the spotted lanternfly, removing the bug with an electronic mesh (网). 4. What does the quote “Not all that glitters is gold” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Things looking valuable may be worthless. B. Zhang’s hometown fails to get rid of the bug. C. Bodies of the beautiful lanternfly are glowing. D. The bug destroys agricultural industry despite its beauty. 5. What can be learned about lanternflies? A. They live on greens and animals. B. They have a bad effect on people’s life. C. People hate them laying eggs everywhere. D. Their underwings are shorter than their forewings. 6. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. The application of the trap. B. The source of the trap. C. The process of inventing the trap. D. The challenges of designing the trap. 7. Which of the following can best describe Zhang? A. Persistent and innovative. B. Creative and modest. C. Reliable and knowledgeable. D. Intelligent and confident 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了高中生Selina Zhang如何通过自己的观察和创新，发明了一种可能有效控制城市中入侵性害虫——斑点灯笼蝇的方法。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“This bug with bright red underwings standing out from black forewings might be pretty to look at. However, it has damaged local agricultural industry for decades, and the city has been unable to remove this problem.(这只虫子有着鲜红的下翼，从黑色的前翼中脱颖而出，看起来可能很漂亮。然而，它已经破坏了当地农业几十年，城市一直无法解决这个问题。)”可知，灯笼虫看起来很漂亮，但实际上对农业造成了破坏，这与“Not all that glitters is gold(并非所有闪光的都是金子)”的含义相符，即外表看似有价值的东西实际上可能毫无价值，故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“This invasive pest does not harm humans or animals. However, it could reduce the quality of life of people living in heavily infested areas.(这种入侵性害虫不会伤害人类或动物。然而，它可能会降低生活在严重受感染地区的人们的生活质量。)”可知，灯笼虫对人类的生活有负面影响，故选B项。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“She then designed an electric net for this tree, using machine learning to kill the lanternflies that landed. And she finally created an solar-powered, self-cleaning “tree” that attracts the spotted lanternfly, removing the bug with an electronic mesh(网).(然后她为这棵树设计了一个电网，利用机器学习杀死落在上面的灯笼虫。她最终创造了一棵太阳能驱动的、自清洁的“树”，吸引斑点灯笼虫，用电子网去除虫子。)”可知，本段主要讲述了张发明陷阱的过程，故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Zhang eventually realized that this insect posed a threat to Garden City and decided to do something about it.(张最终意识到这种昆虫对花园城市构成了威胁，决定采取行动。)”以及最后一段“She then designed an electric net for this tree, using machine learning to kill the lanternflies that landed. And she finally created an solar-powered, self-cleaning “tree” that attracts the spotted lanternfly, removing the bug with an electronic mesh(网).(然后她为这棵树设计了一个电网，利用机器学习杀死落在上面的灯笼虫。她最终创造了一棵太阳能驱动的、自清洁的“树”，吸引斑点灯笼虫，用电子网去除虫子。)”可知，张在发现问题后，坚持不懈地寻找解决方案，并最终创新性地发明了一种陷阱，故选A项。 C As tech has given us greater access to an increasingly complex world, we are viewing much of it through smaller windows. People scroll quickly through headlines more frequently throughout the day on mobile devices. However, research has shown that time spent attending to news is shorter on smartphones than on other platforms. Ironically, more exposure to news items may be associated with less impact of news content. Can photos and videos on tiny screens fully protray (描述) the beauty of natural landscapes, the challenges of death-defying recues, or the reality of people’s lives destroyed by war or natural disasters?The truth is that the impact of viewing complex realities in news reports on small screens has not yet been fully explored. It is clear, however, that there are important limitations on what is portrayed in miniature (缩影) — context, relative scale, and fine details. Photos of famous paintings are not perfect substitutes for the original masterpieces. So, what might we be missing as we experience newsworthy events on smaller screens? Many viewers quickly scroll through headlines without taking the time to explore a story in depth, much less reflect upon its validity, relevance, or significance. When video news is viewed on tiny screens, it can contribute to a feeling that time is passing by more rapidly. Research found small images can distance viewers psychologically from the content reported and result in less emotional engagement. Also, viewers respond with lower levels of attention when emotional content is presented on smaller screens. Our lives have changed substantially since the pandemic. Social interactions have become limited by less frequent face-to-face encounters and more exchanges in virtual spaces. The combination of lifestyle changes and tiny-screen news suggests the possibility of a transformation to a more solipsistic society with greater focus on our own needs and less attention to others’ lives. Although greater self-orientation brings many benefits, social engagement is essential to maximizing the quality of our own lives. We not only need to interact with others but to belong, relate, and live beyond our self to enjoy meaningful lives. 8. What can we infer from paragraph 2? A. Greater access to news has a lot to do with news content. B. views limit the capture of fine details in news report. C. Videos on tiny screens can adequately portray the beauty of nature. D. Photos of a painting can completely replace the original masterpiece. 9. What can news—viewing on small screens lead to? A. Higher level of attention. B. More emotional involvement. C. Greater psychological distancing. D. More exchanges in virtual spaces. 10. What does the author suggest according to the text? A. Participating in social activities. B. Keeping away from virtual spaces. C. Paying little attention to others’ lives. D. Centering greatly on one’s own needs. 11. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text? A. To call for action to turn down small screen views. B. To introduce a phenomenon of small screen views. C. To clarify the negative effect of small screen views. D To present life changes caused by small screen views. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本篇是说明文。短文主要介绍小屏幕观看的局限性，讨论了小屏幕观看新闻的影响，包括对新闻内容的理解、对新闻的情感投入以及对社会互动的影响。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“it is clear, however, that there are important limitations on what is portrayed in miniature(缩影)— context, relative scale, and fine details.”（然而，很明显，微缩图像在描绘上下文、相对规模和细节方面存在重要的限制。）可推知，小屏幕的观看限制了新闻报道中细节的捕捉。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Research found small images can distance viewers psychologically from the content reported and result in less emotional engagement.”（研究发现，小图像可以使观众在心理上与报道的内容产生距离，导致情感投入减少。）可推知，小屏幕观看新闻可能导致更大的心理距离。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Although greater self—orientation brings many benefits, social engagement is essential to maximizing the quality of our own lives. We not only need to interact with others but to belong, relate, and live beyond our self to enjoy meaningful lives.”（虽然更强的自我为中心带来了许多好处，但社会参与对于提高我们自 己的生活质量是必不可少的。要享受有意义的生活，我们不仅需要与他人互动，还需要 归属、共情和超越自我）可推知，作者建议参与社会活动。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。短文主要介绍小屏幕观看的局限性，讨论了小屏幕观看新闻的影响，包括对新闻内容的理解、对新闻的情感投入以及对社会互动的影响。所以短文的目的是“阐明小屏幕视图的负面影响”切题。故选C。 D Scientists are increasingly aware that the microbes (微生物) living around a plant’s roots can significantly affect its growth. Previous studies on cress ( 水 芹 ) have shown that the presence of the right microbes can enhance the absorption of critical nutrients like iron, phosphorus and nitrogen. The possibility of enhanced nitrogen absorption was particularly appealing to tea experts in Fujian, China because tea plants rely upon nitrogen — rich ammonium(氨盐基)in the soil around their roots to produce theanine (茶氨酸) that generates their distinctive flavours. To learn more about how specifically root microbes will affect tea quality, they studied 17 different tea varieties at different times of year and they found that theanine production varied widely, even among similar teas. Some highly valued oolong teas such as Rougui, produced a lot of the compound, whereas others, such as Maoxie, produced less. After growing these two tea plants under identical conditions, the researchers collected soil samples and used genetic analysis to identify which microbes were present around the roots. The microbiomes of the two were very different. Crucially, Rougui had more microbes associated with the absorption of nitrogen than did Maoxie. Consequently, Rougui also showed a greater ability to absorb nitrogen from ammonium in the soil. This led to a natural question. If the microbial community found around Rougui were transplanted to other tea plants, might this increase their theanine production and, in turn, improve their flavour?To explore this, the researchers created a community of microbes that resembled the community found around autumnal Rougui roots and applied them to the roots of Maoxie plants. They reported that this not only enhanced root growth in Maoxie young plants by giving them a nitrogen boost, but also nearly tripled the theanine accumulation in the leaves. “Based on our current experimental findings, microbial communities have not only improved the absorption of ammonium nitrogen in different tea varieties but also enhanced the uptake of ammonium nitrogen. ”study co—author Tongda Xu said in a statement. “This suggests the ammonium nitrogen uptake — promoting function of microbial communities may be applied to various plants, including other crops. ” 12. What did the tea experts in Fujian intend to do? A. To show limitations of previous studies. B. To check changes of tea production. C. To detail research findings on tea leaves. D. To gain a deep insight into microbes. 13. What conclusion can be drawn from the expert’s experiments? A. Rougui was more highly thought of than Maoxie. B. Similar teas produced the same amount of theanine. C. An increase in microbes could change the flavour of Maoxie. D. Maoxie had a greater ability to absorb nitrogen than Rougui. 14. What may the follow-up study focus on according to Xu? A. The production of theanine. B. The diversity of tea flavour. C. The transplant of microbial communities. D. The function of microbes in other crops. 15. Which can be the best title of the text? A. Microbes Improving Tea B. Tea Plants Boosting Microbes C. The Influence of Microbes on Agriculture D. The Relationship between Tea and Microbes 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述微生物促进水芹根部营养物质的吸收引发茶方面专家的关注，促使其进一步研究茶树是否能依靠根系微生物促进氮的吸收来合成茶氨酸，从而产生它们 独特的风味。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“To learn more about how specifically root microbes will affect tea quality, they studied 17 different tea varieties at different times of year and they found that theanine production varied widely, even among similar teas.”（为了更多地了解根部微生物是如何影响茶叶质量的，他们在一年中的不同时间研究了17种不同的茶叶品种，他们发现茶氨酸的产量差异很大，即使是在相似的茶中。）可知，福建的茶叶专家想要深入了解微生物对茶叶质量的影响。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“The possibility of enhanced nitrogen absorption was particularly appealing to tea experts in Fujian, China because tea plants rely upon nitrogen-rich ammonium( 氨 盐 基 ) in the soil around their roots to produce theanine(茶氨酸)that generates their distinctive flavours.”(增强氮吸收的可能性对 中国福建的茶专家尤其有吸引力，因为茶树依靠其根系周围土壤中的氨盐基来产生茶氨酸，从而产生它们独特的味道。)，结合第四段“They reported that this not only enhanced root growth in Maoxie young plants by giving them a nitrogen boost, but also nearly tripled the theanine accumulation in the leaves. ”(他们报告说，这不仅通过增加毛蟹茶树幼苗的氮含量来促进它们的根系生长，而且还使叶片 中茶氨酸的积累增加了近两倍)，由此推断在把类似于肉桂根系的微生物群应用到毛蟹根 部时，毛蟹茶叶的茶氨酸增加，意味着此时毛蟹的味道发生改变和改善。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句 “This suggests the ammonium nitrogen uptake-promoting function of microbial communities may be applied to various plants, including other crops.”(这表明微生物群落的氨态氮吸收促进功能可应用于各种植物，包括其他作物。)可推断，他们接下来的研究会转向微生物群在其他植物或庄稼上的功用。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容：茶专家意图通过研究弄清楚茶树根部微生物是否影响茶质量，进而改善其风味，研究最终验证了他们的猜测-茶树根部微生物群促进氮吸收，合成了更多的茶氨酸，说明微生物可以改善茶的风味和质量。所以短文的标题为“微生物改善茶的风味和质量”切题。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5 分，满分 12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Have you ever had a day when nothing sounded fun? ___16___ Days like this are normal, now and then. For people living with depression, however, it can be a sign of a common symptom called “anhedonia.” Anhedonia is feeling a lack of joy in once—enjoyed activities. This lack of joy can lead one to stop doing things they normally would do for fun, predicting that they won’t be able to appreciate it anyway. Yet, this reasoning is a trap. ___17___ In cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a strategy known as behavior activation is often used to fight anhedonia. ___18___ Often, we find more happiness than we predicted we would, and the activity can help counter the effects of depression. ___19___ In acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), behavior activation focuses on what is meaningful rather than how something makes us feel. By increasing meaningful action, we often improve our moods. A study of individuals diagnosed with late—stage cancer found that a course of ACT improved both symptoms of anhedonia and depression. The core strategy in this approach is to focus away from trying to control what we/feel and zeroing in on what matters to us. Life is ever moving forward. ___20___ Interestingly, at times, when we take the camera away from controlling what we feel toward controlling what we do, we may find that how we feel changes, too, A. Yet, behavior activation does not have to be random. B. It is full of surprises and some good, some not so good. C. Withdrawal from liked activities often only furthers depression. D. If we wait until we “feel like” doing something, we risk missing out. E. It’s as if all the color has disappeared, and the world has turned grey. F. This involves scheduling activities that are meaningful and following through. G. Behavior activation provides the tools we’ll need, including worksheets and video. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本篇为说明文，主要介绍一种医学上称为快感缺乏症“anhedonia”疾病及如何使用行为激活疗法改善它的症状。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Have you ever had a day when nothing sounded fun? (你有没有过这样的一天，感觉什么都不好玩？)”可知，此处描述了一种情绪状态，即感觉生活失去了乐趣，与E项“It’s as if all the color has disappeared, and the world has turned grey. (就好像所有的颜色都消失了，世界变成了灰色。)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Yet, this reasoning is a trap. (然而，这种推理是一个陷阱。)”可知，此处指出避免曾经喜欢活动是错误的，与C项“Withdrawal from liked activities often only furthers depression. (避免曾经喜欢的活动通常只会加重抑郁。)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“In cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a strategy known as behavior activation is often used to fight anhedonia. (在认知行为疗法中，一种被称为行为激活的策略常用来对抗快感缺失。)”可知，此处介绍行为激活策略的具体做法，与F项“This involves scheduling activities that are meaningful and following through. (这包括安排有意义的活动并坚持到底。)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“In acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), behavior activation focuses on what is meaningful rather than how something makes us feel. (在接受和承诺疗法中，行为激活关注的是有意义的事情，而不是事情让我们感觉如何。)”可知，此处介绍行为激活策略在不同疗法中的应用，与A项“Yet, behavior activation does not have to be random. (然而，行为激活不必是随机的。)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Life is ever moving forward. (生活总是在向前发展。)”可知，此处强调把握当下，与D项“If we wait until we “feel like” doing something, we risk missing out. (如果我们等到我们“想要”做某事，我们就有可能错过。)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One Sunday, we arrived home from a wedding, to find our neighbors ___21___ among a pile of buckets, bottles, and anything they could fill water in. Upon ___22___, they said they had been ___23___ the water truck in the baking heat for hours. In some parts of South Africa, homes have not had water in their taps for weeks and months on end. ____24____, my dad’s foresight blessed our home with a ___25___ borehole (钻井) that provides us with fresh water every day. In the spirit of humanity (博爱) , we ___26___ them to collect their water from our borehole. There was much laughter and ___27___, along with some happy singing as bucket after bucket was filled. It was a feel-good ___28___ for me to watch the young help the elderly ___29___ their water home before returning for their own buckets. By the time the water truck finally ____30____, we must have provided water to around 50一 plus very grateful people. We also ____31____ a time for them to come the following day if there was still no water available. With the current heatwave and less rainfall than usual, there is no way of knowing how long the borehole will ____32____ to provide water for all of us. But as long as it is working, we practice the humanity. “It is not safe to let strangers onto your ____33____,” some say. But humanity pushes us to take the risk because burdens are _____34_____ when shared. A simple act of sharing water has instilled (灌输) humanity in me and ____35____in the community that we can overcome the difficulties we face together. 21. A. quarreling B. sitting C. sleeping D. crying 22. A. doubt B. study C. observation D. enquiry 23. A. standing for B. waiting for C. looking for D. leaving for 24. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Surprisingly D. Thankfully 25. A. public B. remote C. precious D. low 26. A. ordered B. forced C. caused D. encouraged 27. A. noise B. chatter C. conflict D. explanation 28. A. moment B. goal C. trick D. trade 29. A. fetch B. bring C. carry D. get 30. A. passed B. arrived C. moved D. ran 31. A. spent B. experienced C. arranged D. missed 32. A. decide B. continue C. begin D. agree 33. A. property B. thought C. principle D. preparation 34. A. created B. exchanged C. adjusted D. lessened 35. A. ability B. fun C. hope D. demand 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者一家人主动与邻居分享水的故事，使得酷热的夏日，不那么炎热。一个简单的分享水的行为给作者灌输了人性，给社区带来了希望，他们可以共同克服困难。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个星期天，我们参加完婚礼回到家，发现邻居们坐在一堆水桶、瓶子和任何可以装水的东西中间。A. quarreling争吵；B. sitting坐；C. sleeping睡觉；D. crying哭。根据下文“they said they had been ___3___ the water truck in the baking heat for hours.”可知，邻居在坐等水车来。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经询问，他们说他们在酷热中等了几个小时的水车。A. doubt怀疑；B. study学习；C. observation观察；D. enquiry询问。根据下文“they said”可知，作者询问了一下，邻居回答。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：经询问，他们说他们在酷热中等了几个小时的水车。A. standing for代表；B. waiting for等待；C. looking for寻找；D. leaving for前往。根据上文“One Sunday, we arrived home from a wedding, to find our neighbors ___1___ among a pile of buckets, bottles, and anything they could fill water in.”可知，邻居在炎热的天气中等待了几个小时。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，我爸爸的远见使我们家有了一个宝贵的井，每天为我们提供淡水。A. Instead而不是；B. Therefore因此；C. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. Thankfully感激地。根据下文“my dad’s foresight blessed our home with a ___5___ borehole(钻井) that provides us with fresh water every day.”可知，作者家有水井，这要感谢爸爸的远见。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，我爸爸的远见使我们家有了一个宝贵的井，每天为我们提供淡水。A. public公共的；B. remote遥远的；C. precious珍贵的；D. low低的。根据下文“provides us with fresh water every day.”可知，水井是宝贵的。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：本着人道的精神，我们鼓励他们从我们的井里取水。A. ordered命令；B. forced迫使；C. caused促使； D. encouraged鼓励。根据上文“In the spirit of humanity( 博 爱 )”可知，作者和家人们鼓励邻居在自家井里取水。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着一桶又一桶的水被装满，笑声和闲聊声此起彼伏，还有一些欢快的歌声。A. noise噪音；B. chatter喋喋不休，闲扯；C. conflict矛盾；D. explanation解释。根据上文“much laughter”可知，人群中夹杂着笑声和闲聊声。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着年轻人帮助老人把水搬回家，然后再去拿自己的水桶，我感觉很好。A. moment时刻；B. goal目标；C. trick诡计；D. trade贸易。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着年轻人帮助老人把水抬回家，然后再去拿自己的水桶，我感觉很好。A. fetch取；B. bring带来；C. carry携带，抬；D. get得到。根据常识以及“help the elderly”可知，水被抬回家。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当水车最终到达时，我们一定已经大约50认以及非常感激的人提供了水。A. passed通过；B. arrived到达；C. moved移动；D. ran跑。根据上文“they said they had been ___3___ the water truck in the baking heat for hours.”可知，上文将在等水车，本句在说水车到了。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还安排了一个时间，让他们第二天来，如果仍然没有水可用。A. spent花费；B. experienced经历；C. arranged安排；D. missed错过。根据下文“to come the following day”可知，作者安排了一个时间让邻居来取水。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于目前的热浪和比平时更少的降雨量，没有办法知道井能继续为我们所有人提供多长时间的水。A. decide决定；B. continue继续；C. begin开始；D. agree同意。根据上文“With the current heatwave and less rainfall than usual,”可知，由于目前的热浪和比平时更少的降雨量，井能继续提供多少水是不确定的。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“让陌生人进入你的房屋及院落是不安全的，”一些人说。A. property财产，房屋及院落；B. thought思想；C. principle原则；D. preparation准备。作者允许领取来自己井取水，所以有些人认为让陌生人进入你的房屋及院落是不安全的。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但人性促使我们承担风险，因为分享时负担会减轻。A. created创造；B. exchanged交换；C. adjusted调整；D. lessened减少。根据下文“when shared.”可知，与别人分享时，负担会减少。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个简单分享水的行为给我灌输了人性，给社区带来了希望，我们可以共同克服困难。A. ability能力；B. fun乐趣；C. hope希望；D. demand要求。根据上文“instilled(灌输)humanity in me”可知，善行义举给社区带来了希望。故选C项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Indigenous plants of Sri Lanka have attracted traders and food lovers for centuries. But separated by land and ocean, Sri Lanka is far away from China, and it is not easy to find a restaurant ___36___ (devote) to that country’s cuisine in any Chinese city. Fortunately, food lovers can sit down at a Beijing food festival ___37___ (sample) Sri Lanka’s cuisine that’s not well-known in China. Dammika De Silva, ___38___ 18-year best — known chef in Sri Lanka, is now at Beijing’s Minzu Hotel for a two—week stint to arouse diners’ ___39___ (curious) and appetites for the coastal country’s cuisine. He ___40___ (present) a special menu for the ongoing Sri Lanka Food Festival at the hotel’s Mill Cafe, co-organized by the embassy of Sri Lanka in China and the Beijing People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries. “Sri Lanka is the country of spices, and we are the people of spices, ”declares Manick Rodrigo in the festival, managing director of Barberyn Ayurveda Resorts, ___41___ the famous chef currently works. “Nearly 80 percent of cinnamon on the global market is from Sri Lanka, ”he adds. The fact that so many spices are native ___42___ the tropical Southeast Asian country has made ___43___a trading attraction since the days of the Maritime Silk Road. Spices make food fragrant and ___44___ (taste), and apart from people _____45_____ (avoid) strongly spiced food for religious reasons, many people in Sri Lanka like strong—flavored food, he adds. 【答案】36. devoted 37. to sample 38. an 39. curiosity 40. is presenting 41. where 42. to 43. it 44. tasty 45. avoiding 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了斯里兰卡本土植物几个世纪以来一直吸引着商人和美食爱好者。尽管斯里兰卡与中国相隔遥远，但在北京的一个食品节上，美食爱好者可以品尝到在中国不太知名的斯里兰卡美食。文章还提到了斯里兰卡的香料和食品节的一些细节。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但由于陆地和海洋的阻隔，斯里兰卡距离中国很远，在中国的任何城市都很难找到一家专门经营该国美食的餐厅。devote与restaurant之间是被动关系，要用过去分词作定语，故填devoted。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，美食爱好者们可以坐下来参加北京美食节，品尝在中国不太知名的斯里兰卡美食。因空白处在句子中作状语表示目的，要用动词不定式，故填to sample。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：斯里兰卡最著名的厨师达米卡·德席尔瓦（Dammika De Silva）现年18岁，目前正在北京民族饭店（Minzu Hotel）工作两周，以激发食客们对沿海国家美食的好奇心和食欲。因空白处后面有名词，需使用不定冠词表示“一个”含义，best-known 是元音音素开头的单词，前面要用不定冠词an，故填an。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。此处缺少宾语，要用名词作宾语，故填curiosity。 【40题详解】 考查时态。句意：他正在酒店的美尔咖啡厅（Mill Cafe）为正在进行的斯里兰卡美食节提供特别菜单，该活动由斯里兰卡驻华大使馆和北京人民对外友好协会联合举办。此处缺少谓语动词，因句子表示的是当前正在发生的动作，此处要用现在进行时，故填is presenting。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：“斯里兰卡是香料之国，我们是香料之人，”巴贝林阿育吠陀度假村（Barberyn Ayurveda Resorts）总经理马尼克·罗德里戈（Manick Rodrigo）在节日中表示，这位著名厨师目前就在那里工作。此处缺少关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Barberyn Ayurveda Resorts，因空白处作状语表示地点，故填where。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：这么多香料原产于热带东南亚国家，使得它自海上丝绸之路时代以来就成为一个贸易吸引地。be native to为固定短语，表示“原产于”，故填to。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：同上。此处缺少宾语，要用代词it指代前面的the tropical Southeast Asian country，故填it。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：香料使食物香气四溢，味道鲜美，除了那些因宗教原因避免食用辛辣食物的人外，斯里兰卡的许多人喜欢口味浓郁的食物，他补充道。此处在句子中做宾补，要用形容词，故填tasty。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。avoid与people之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，要用现在分词作定语，故填avoiding。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是中学生李华，你的英国朋友John 因为经常收到老师对其作业的负面反馈而沮丧。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示安慰; 2. 提出建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear John, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear John, I’m sorry to hear that you are upset with the negative feedback on homework from your teachers, so I’m writing to offer you some advice. As students, it is extremely natural for us to receive such comment. Don’t feel hurt and discouraged! Now I give you some practical suggestions to change the situation. For one thing , you should learn to accept any type of assessment, understanding the teacher’s intention. You know, it isn’t personal. For another, it is advisable to figure out where your problems lie. If necessary, you’d better communicate with your teacher face to face. I hope these can be of help to you! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给因为经常收到老师对其作业的负面反馈而沮丧的英国朋友John写一封回信表示安慰并提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提供：offer→provide 对做某事感到抱歉：be sorry to do sth→be unhappy about doing sth 极其；十分：extemely→particularly 找出：figure out→find out 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As students, it is extremely natural for us to receive such comment. 拓展句：The fact that we receive such comment is extremely natural, given that we are students. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sorry to hear that you are upset with the negative feedback on homework from your teachers, so I’m writing to offer you some advice.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Now I give you some practical suggestions to change the situation. (运用了不定式短语作状语) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My students were often trapped by inner demons(恶魔) . Jake, aged 20, was one example of them. One day, the adult came to me. “I’m stupid, ”he whispered. “I’ve been in special education classes all my life. I’m not capable of getting a GED(General Educational Development). ” “Who told you that?”I asked. “Everybody, my teachers, my parents, everybody. ”He sadly answered. “Well, Jake, I’m not telling you that. I think you may be dyslexic(诵读困难 的). ”I had been watching him struggle with reading. “But that has nothing to do with stupid. ” I showed Jake how to use a ruler, or his finger, under the words to read—a method many teachers frowned upon. This would help him focus. It kept his eyes in the right place. He looked at me with down —turned lips, still not convinced. “Take frequent breaks, ”I suggested. “Remind yourself to focus. Practice by saying’focus, focus, focus, ‘mentally, whenever you realize you’re losing your train of thought. ”I also showed him how to scroll the page, using a sheet of paper with a cut in it, to reveal only one line of writing at a time. “Jake, I know you like music. Try writing a multiplication(乘法)rap. It will help you remember the tables. ”I later heard that such a rap already existed and was available on a CD. Jake’s head was down. He looked up and spoke indefinitely saying, “Figured out that if I suck on hard candy when I study, I can concentrate much better. ”He knew that candy was not allowed. Wow, this kid had discovered his own cure. “You know, Jake, one of the classroom rules is no eating in class, but I’m going to revise that rule. From now on hard candy will be allowed, and I recommend that you bring some to help you study. It will be especially useful when you’re taking a test. ” The next day Jake came to class wearing a big smile. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jake finally passed his GED test successfully. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The next day Jake came to class wearing a big smile. He approached me and dropped his eyes shyly, saying, “Hold out your hand please and here is something for you!” Surprised as I was, I did as told, instantly a piece of tiny candy appearing in my palm. “Thank you for allowing us to have candy in class!” Then, he went back to his seat, beginning to read before I responded. Sucking on hard candy in his mouth, finger running under the words, he immersed himself in books. Applying such techniques, day after day, he tried to overcome his difficulty in focusing on reading. Jake finally passed his GED test successfully. When he learned of his success he began to cry, with tears welling up in his eyes.With an understanding smile, I walked up and held him in my arms, past memories of his trying to focus flashing in my mind. He was thrilled and so was I. He attained the highest marks in the class, thus invited to give an inspiring speech at the graduation ceremony. Anyway, he deserved the result after so much effort had been made. It dawns on me that students who get the appropriate amount of attention will blossom one day. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的学生经常被内心的恶魔所困。20岁的杰克就是其中一个例子。作者对杰克说“我觉得你可能有阅读障碍。”我一直在观察他在阅读上的挣扎。“但这与愚蠢无关。”于是作者开始教杰克集中注意力。一天，杰克抬起头，含糊地说:“我发现如果我学习时吃硬糖，我就能更好地集中注意力”。作者决定修改班规，允许杰克吃糖。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天，杰克带着灿烂的笑容来上课”可知，第一段可描写杰克给了作者糖以此表示感谢，以及杰克靠吃糖来保持注意力。 ②由第二段首句内容“杰克终于顺利通过了普通教育水平考试。”可知，第二段可描写杰克获知通过考试后杰克的心情和表现以及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：给老师糖表示感谢——杰克吃糖来保持注意力——通过老师——作者和杰克都很激动——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①运用：apply /make use of ②开始：begin/start ③获得：attain /acquire ④克服：overcome/get over 情绪类 ①兴奋的：thrilled/excited ②令人鼓舞的：inspiring/motivating 【点睛】[高分句型1] Surprised as I was, I did as told, instantly a piece of tiny candy appearing in my palm. (运用了as引导让步状语从句和部分倒装句) [高分句型2] It dawns on me that students who get the appropriate amount of attention will blossom one day. (运用了who引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$