Unit 4 Never too old to learn Grammar and usage 导学案-2023-2024学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第四册

桂阳一中2024年上期高二年级英语学习提纲 主备人：肖爱菊 审核人： XB4Unit4 Grammar and usage ----Analysis of complicated sentences Learning objective 1.To analyse the usage of complicated sentences. 2.To work out the rules of complicated sentences. 3.To use complicated sentences to finish the tasks of rewriting sentences and completing a passage. Step 1：Preview check（预习检测） 1. Read the article on Page 48 and find the key phrases; 1)职业教育___________________________ 2)准备某人做某事_____________________________ 3)提供实习培训_______________________ 4)和学术教育一样重要_________________________ 5)让某人有资格做某事__________________________________________________________________ 6)有提拔的机会，晋升前景_______________________________________________________________ 7)有可能做某事_________________________ 8)努力达成/达到，逐步晋升_____________________ 9)鼓励某人做某事______________________ 10)反复学习_________________________________ 11)集中于_____________________________ 12)而不是；宁可…也不愿_____________________ 2.Answer the following question.(P 48) 1)What is vocational education? 2)Why is vocational education important? 3. Find and point out their sentence patterns(分析句子类型). (1)Vocational education is not a new idea. (7)Most motor repair companies have their own training programmes for specific jobs and workers can start off in training positions. (6) For example, motor repair is one field that allows for such career development. (9) It is certain that educational institutions and companies will continue to advocate vocational education and training. (10)According to one vocational school student, they are now encouraged to “learn by doing” and “learn through trial and error”, and they focus more on how to complete an assignment rather than just memorizing what teachers say in class. Step2: Grammar and usage (合作探究) 练习1：Read and point out their sentence patterns. 1）All of us laughed! 2）I miss my grandma. 3）The teacher was kind and friendly. 4）He told us a funny story. 5）I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. 总结1：Simple sentence (简单句)：只有一个__________结构的句子叫简单句。 在简单句中，主语和谓语可以由一个词或短语充当，也可以由两个或两个以上的词或短语充当,组成并列的主语或并列的谓语。 除了主语和谓语之外，简单句中还可以有宾语、定语、状语、补语等，这样简单句包含很多修饰语,使得句子变得很长。 1)Spring is the best season for planting trees. 2)Robert, Linda and Jim often study, play and dine together. 3)He talked too much. 4)I had my first maths class at senior high school. 注意：如何在简单句上加定语、状语等成分 1）介词短语作修饰语，在句中作定语或状语。 (1)In communication, a smile is usually a strong sign of a friendly and open attitude. 在交流时，微笑通常是表达友好和开放的态度的强烈信号。 (2)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken in color. 用新的科技，水底的山谷能被拍出彩色照片。 2)非谓语作修饰语，在句中作定语或状语。 (1)Offered an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous. 在一部新电影中，安迪被给予了一个重要角色，获得了一个出名的机会。 (2)More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. 中国建成了越来越多的公路，这使得人们从一个地方到另一个地方旅游变得容易多了。 (3) More TV programmes will be produced to raise people’s concern over food safety. 还要制作更多的电视节目以提高对食品安全的关注。 3)形容词（短语）作修饰语，在句中作定语或状语。 (1)Surprised and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. (2)After school, he attended classes relevant to his chosen occupation. 4)独立结构作修饰语，在句中作状语。 (1) Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some having a life span of around 20 years. 蝙蝠是寿命长得惊人的生物，有些能生存约20年。 (2) The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following them. 练习2.Read the following sentences. Mark the sentence, and identify the types of the sentence. (1)The Internet is useful and we use it a lot. (2)Shall I send the book to you, or will you come to get it? (3)I have travelled to many places, but I still want to visit more. (4)They have different ideas, so they have solved the problem in different ways. 总结2：Compound sentence (并列句) 并列句是指由并列连词连接的_______________的分句构成的句子，常见的并列连词有____ _______________等。要准确理解并列句，需要找到并列连词并弄清楚各分句之间的关系。 基本结构：_______________________________________________ 1.并列句中常见的连词有: 1）表示并列关系: and, not only...but also..., neither...nor...,as well as 等。 2）表示转折或对比关系:but, yet(可是), while(然而) 等 3）表示因果关系:for, so, thus, therefore，等 4）表示选择关系:or, either...or... 等。 2.“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。 Start out right away, ________we'll miss the first train. 3.特殊并列连词及并列句 1.when 可用作并列连词，意为“____________”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式： (1)“be about to do sth.when...”意为“正要做某事，这时突然……”； (2)“be on the point of doing sth.when...” 意为“正要做某事，这时突然……”； (3)“be doing sth.when...”意为“正在做某事，这时突然……”； (4)“had (just/already) done sth.when...”意为“刚做完某事，这时突然……”。 练习3： 1)Not only does she speak Spanish, _____ she’s also good at computers. 2)Either he could not come _____ he did not want to. 3)I’ve been away only for three years, _____ I can hardly recognize my hometown. 4)We listened eagerly, _____ he brought news of our families. 5)The research lacks solid evidence, ____ its conclusions are doubtful. 6)Shall I send the book to you, _____will you come to get it? 7)I often do every single bit of housework________ my husband does the dishes now and then. 8)I was doing my homework ______the bell rang. 练习4：Read the following sentences. Mark the clauses, and identify the types of the clauses. 1) What surprised me most was his way of speaking. 2) His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 3)I felt that she had a strong will. 4)They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 5) The letter that I received yesterday was from my sister. 6)As she had a passion for walking, we started off on foot. 总结3：Complex sentence (复合句) 由________________________________合成的句子叫作复合句。从句可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语或状语。 练习5：Identify the types of the complex sentence(辨别从句类型) 1)The trouble is that I have lost his address. 2)He was rather pleased when he won that prize. 3)I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you. 4)She was not in the train that arrived just now. 5)He answered that he knew nothing about it. 练习6：Circle the linking word and underline the main clauses, then mark the clauses. Many men who spend their working life in the city devote their weekends to voluntary toil in their gardens, and when the spring comes, they experience all the joy of having created beauty. 总结4：Compound-complex sentence (并列复合句) 两个或两个以上并列的分句，其中一个或多个又是主从复合句结构，这种句子被称为并列复合句。 注意：Tips for analysing complex sentences 如何分析句子成分: 1. 找句子的主语和谓语，通常有几个谓语就有几个句子（注意并列谓语情况） 2. 找连词--并列连词、从属连词 3. 常见考点：（连词填写/ 谓语动词） (1) 连词填空—根据句子间逻辑关系选填并列或从属连词 August is the time of the year for rice harvest, _______ famers always work from dawn until dark that time. (2) 动词填空—格外注意是否是主句或从句谓语 The room whose window faces south _______(be) mine. Step 3:Summary Step 4:Exercise Friendship and kindness go hand in hand. A friendship can last forever 1._______ friends are kind to each other. Some people have something in common,2._____they can become friends. They share many of the same interests and like to be together. It is easy to be a friend when every-thing is going great, but a true friend is one 3.________ sticks around in both the good times4._____the bad.A good friend will cheer you up when you are having a bad day.Show a friend you care.Ask the other person,"What can I do to help you ?”and be willing to do it. Listen to your friends. Be honest. Tell them 5._____is wrong if they have hurt you. Send a card, give them a little present, 6._____call them on the phone just to say “I value our friendship”. Help whenever and wherever you can. Good friendships are not easy to develop,7._____a friendship can last forever if you are loyal（忠实的）and sincere（真诚的）. 8._____you are a friend to others, they will usually be a friend to you. Friends make life better. Step5: Homework 1)完成教材PartB2 on P49 2)预习Integrated skills 编号：20240520 时间：2024年5月20日 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$