高二英语上学期开学考试（江苏专用）-2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元重难点易错题精练（译林版2020）

绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man ask Alice to do? A．Check her email. B．Turn the sound down. C．Pay attention to the lesson. 2．How does the boy sound? A．Upset. B．Confused. C．Excited. 3．Where does the conversation take place? A．At a bus stop. B．At the taxi stand. C．At the underground car park. 4．What do we know about the man? A．He left his friend’s dictionary at home. B．He bought two dictionaries. C．He used a friend’s dictionary. 5． What did the woman decide to do? A．Sell her house. B．Go back to college. C．Move to another city. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What do the speakers consider doing? A．Changing the suppliers. B．Updating the schedule. C．Contacting the client. 7．Why does the man suggest having a meeting? A．To provide guidance. B．To educate workers. C．To work out a plan. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．What does the man admire about Carl? A．His achievements. B．His lifestyle. C．His determination. 9．What does the woman value most while traveling? A．Comfortable accommodations. B．Adventure destinations. C．Cost-effective options. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Grandfather and granddaughter. B．Neighbors. C．Classmates. 11．What is said about Jenny’s grandmother? A．She has been caring for the garden lately. B．She watches TV every evening. C．She is a milk woman. 12．Why did Jenny ask her grandfather about a math problem? A．She wanted to avoid talking about the news. B．Her grandfather was good at it. C．She couldn’t work it out herself. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13．For what reason does the man come to buy a gift? A．To express his thanks. B．To make up for a mistake. C．To celebrate his friend’s birthday. 14．How much does the watch cost? A．Around $400． B．Around $200． C．Around $120. 15．What makes the set of cups special according to the woman? A．It is cheap. B．Its quality is high. C．It was made by hand. 16．Which item impressed the man most? A．A watch. B．A wallet. C．A notebook. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What is the speaker doing? A．Tracking her monthly costs. B．Offering financial advice. C．Making a spending plan. 18．When does the speaker receive her salary every month? A．On the 5th. B．On the 7th. C．On the 15th. 19．What did the speaker buy on the last day of June? A．Beauty products. B．Clothes. C．Cat food. 20．What does the speaker plan to do? A．Find a part-time job. B．Watch her spending. C．Cut costs. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Have you considered contributing your skills and expertise virtually towards achieving sustainable human development efforts? Through the Online Volunteering service of the United Nations Volunteers (UNV) programme, you can connect with UN agencies, governments, public institutions and civil society organizations — from any device, anywhere in the world. While extending your network, you can also get first-hand practical experience.Requirements: ·To sign up on the Unified Volunteering Platform and apply for Online Volunteer assignments, you must be at least 18 years of age. ·There is no particular background required to become an Online Volunteer. Each Online Volunteer assignment is different and has its own requirements, set by the host organization. · As an Online Volunteer, you can only support organizations remotely in assignments up to 20 hours per week for a maximum of 12 weeks for each assignment. Criteria and service rules: · Online Volunteers are not under contract with the UNV programme or the engaging organization. · Online Volunteers do not receive any kind of financial benefits. ·For each Online Volunteering assignment, a maximum of 25 Online Volunteers can be engaged. Procedures: · Volunteers find assignments of their interest and apply. · Organizations select the volunteers they want to engage. · Volunteers and organizations work together online. · Volunteers and organizations provide feedback on their cooperation. · Organizations issue an electronic certificate of appreciation to their volunteers. 21．Through the UNV programme, one can ______. A．travel around the world B．improve their network skills C．set up civil society organizations D．work on sustainable development 22．Which is a requirement for the applicants? A．Being no less than 18 years. B．Finishing 25 online assignments. C．Working at least 20 hours a week. D．Having some practical experience. 23．When working in the UNV programme, volunteers will ______. A．sign a contract with an organization B．find tasks of their interest and apply C．get a paper certificate of appreciation D．receive some kind of financial benefits B I was a shy girl. I didn’t even like to answer the telephone for fear I’d have to talk to somebody I didn’t know. I enjoyed the loneliness of exploring nature. However, at school I had to spend all day in the company of others. My escape was reading. I spend a lot of time studying and was rewarded with good grades. My only failure was Spanish — I’d get all As on my written work and tests, but Ds and Fs on the spoken part. Eventually I went to college. During my third year of college, I had enough of being shy and determined to change my outlook and behavior. One day while at school, I noticed an advertisement for positions on the local classical music radio station. I had grown up listening to classical music, and I could easily pronounce names such as Tchaikovsky, Albinoni, and Chopin. I had absolutely no background in radio, and absolutely no hope of getting the job. The idea of talking to thousands of listeners in “radio land” terrified me. However, I luckily survived the interview. I was given brief descriptions of symphonies (交响乐) and a public service announcement to read, and a list of composers’ names to pronounce. It wasn’t hard for me. I left the recording session (录音时段) with a sense of relief and a sense of accomplishment. About two weeks later I actually landed the job. It was a challenging job, but I grew to enjoy it greatly. I began to feel comfortable talking to people. Although I now spend many hours each week talking with people, I’m still basically a quiet person. Perhaps it is my soft voice and my quiet nature that helps draw people out as they respond to my questions as I interview them. My former shyness is a fortune, as I can relate to people who feel discomfortable when they talk to newspaper reporters. I still enjoy moments of loneliness and the peace found in nature. But I’m also glad I decided to make a change in my life that has opened many doors and opportunities that I never knew existed. 24．What do we learn about the author? A．She didn’t like reading. B．She enjoyed shyness in nature. C．She wasn’t interested in music. D．She didn’t work hard enough. 25．How did the author feel before the interview? A．Very excited. B．Pretty confident. C．Highly confused. D．Extremely anxious. 26．What does the author later think of her quiet personality? A．It makes others feel less comfortable. B．It is beneficial for her challenging job. C．It prevents her being a newspaper reporter. D．It draws a negative response from audiences. 27．The text mainly focuses on the author’s ________. A．desire to find her true self B．feeling about being a radio hostess C．story of exploring the meaning of life D．experience and feeling of overcoming shyness C How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? The answer for many of us, it turns out, is “hardly any”, even with major investments. To be sure, some people go over every detail carefully before making a choice, and it’s certainly possible to overthink things. But there are also people who are quick to jump to conclusions. This way of thinking is considered a cognitive(认知的) preference, a term psychologists use to describe a tendency toward a specific mental mistake. In our own research, we have found that quick judgments are often just one part of larger error-prone patterns in behavior and thinking. We’ve also found that people who tend to make such“jumps”in their reasoning may experience a wide range of costs. To study jumping, we worked with more than 600 people from the general population. Because much of the work on this preference comes from studies of schizophrenia (jumping to conclusions is common among people with the serious mental illness), we borrowed a thinking game used in that area of research. In this game, players met someone who was fishing from one of two lakes: in one lake, most of the fish were red, and in the other, most were gray. The fisher would catch one fish at a time and stop only when players thought they could say which lake was being fished. Some players had to see many fish before making a decision. Others, the jumpers, stopped after only one or two. We also asked players questions to learn more about their other thinking patterns. We found that the fewer fish a player needed to see, the more errors individuals made in other beliefs, reasoning and decisions. In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go without a second thought is a frequent and important one. What our research and other recent studies show is that sometimes the most important decision can be when you should choose to take time before deciding. Even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help you avoid a major mistake. 28．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1? A．Ask a question. B．Bring up a topic. C．Find out a solution. D．Describe research results. 29．How does the author develop the second paragraph? A．By listing examples. B．By analyzing survey data. C．By making comparisons. D．By explaining cause and effect. 30．What can we learn about the study of jumping? A．Researchers invented a thinking game to test participants. B．The research used some related data based on schizophrenia. C．The study found that quick judgments were unrelated to other errors. D．The game was intended to see how the participants come to a conclusion. 31．What’s the main idea of the text? A．Quick conclusion makers also show more other mistakes. B．Overthinking is better than jumping to conclusions. C．Have more knowledge before making a decision. D．Help the people who have mental problems. D Artificial Intelligence has made its way into drug development, operations and medical advice, and now it is helping people improve the quality of their sleep. The Artificial Intelligence in Sleep Medicine Committee, part of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, recently published a paper that studies how AI is contributing to the field of sleep medicine from 3 areas, including clinical (临床的) applications, lifestyle management and population health. AI technology reveals a new approach to public health about sleep, according to Dr. Bandy, chair of the Artificial Intelligence in Sleep Medicine Committee at Riley Children’s Hospital, Indiana. “Good quality and amount of sleep is necessary for good health,” Bandy said in an interview, “As sleep medicine doctors, we have been recommending that for years, but sleep is often the first thing to be given up to make time for other competing interests.” She added, “For years, patients didn’t have access to tools to track their sleep or sleep habits, which made it difficult for doctors to get the data they needed to assess the quality and amount of sleep.” “With the arrival of AI, we now have the ability to track sleep, identify patterns and recognize changes in other physiological parameters (生理参数) that can info rm the clinician if something isn’t right,” Bandy said, “At the same time, this technology can help patients track their sleep and understand their sleep habits in a better way, empowering them to make positive changes for their own benefits.” While advances in AI technology have been shown to help humans make the most of everyday tasks and functions, experts suggest caution (慎重). “It is not a one-size-fits-all solution,” Bandy said, “Therefore, depending only on AI to diagnose uncommon disorders may not be a good idea.” 32．What kind of area is included in AI’s contribution to the field of sleep medicine in the paper? A．Mental health. B．Population data. C．Clinical applications. D．Medicine management. 33．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．Tracking sleep quality is necessary for good health. B．Doctors found it difficult to get the data for lack of tools. C．Sleep is often the first thing to be considered by patients. D．Doctors have been recommending taking sleep medicine for years. 34．What does the underlined word “empowering” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Allowing. B．Promising. C．Ordering. D．Warning. 35．What is Bandy’s attitude towards advances in AI technology? A．Supportive. B．Uninterested. C．Careful. D．Unclear. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Environmental protection is an important issue that affects all of us. Taking good care of the environment is significant for the happiness and health of future generations. 36 . Reduce our energy and resource consumption Turning off lights and appliances when they are not in use can save a significant amount of energy. Using energy-efficient appliances can also help to reduce our carbon footprint. Simple actions such as turning off the tap while brushing our teeth or taking shorter showers can make a big difference, too. By being mindful of our energy and water usage, we can help to protect our ecosystems. Recycle and reduce waste Recycling helps to save resources and reduce pollution. We can start by separating our waste into different categories（类别） such as paper, plastic, and glass. Many communities have recycling programs in place, so it is important to take advantage of these services. 37 . For example, bringing a reusable water bottle or shopping bag can help to reduce plastic waste. Support sustainable (可持续的) transportation Cars are a major source of pollution, so we should try to use public transportation, walk, or bike whenever possible. 38 . By choosing sustainable transportation options, we can help to reduce air pollution and improve our overall health. 39 By staying informed, we can make better choices and take action to protect the environment. We can also raise awareness among our family, friends, and community by sharing information and encouraging them to adopt environmentally friendly practices. In conclusion, environmental protection is everyone’s responsibility. By following these tips, we can all contribute to a healthier and more sustainable planet. 40 . A．Take part in activities organized by communities B．Educate ourselves and others about environmental issues C．Saving water is also a great way to protect the environment D．Sharing the ride with friends is also a great way to reduce pollution E．Let’s work together to protect our environment for future generations F．In addition, we should try to reduce our waste by using reusable items G．Here are some tips on how we can contribute to environmental protection 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 41 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 42 me on the train. My 43 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 44 to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 45 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 46 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 47 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 48 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 49 as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I 50 him asking at one point. It would have been easy to 51 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 52 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 53 me just how much one can gain from 54 with an open mind, and a willingness to 55 with locals from all walks of life. 41．A．experiment B．encounter C．competition D．appointment 42．A．treated B．saved C．lectured D．approached 43．A．true B．so-called C．new D．long-lost 44．A．chance B．advice C．trouble D．right 45．A．visited B．financed C．attended D．founded 46．A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding 47．A．typical B．obvious C．natural D．remarkable 48．A．publish B．quote C．сорy D．download 49．A．writers B．historians C．workers D．students 50．A．anticipate B．imagine C．recall D．catch 51．A．look into B．rely on C．go over D．deal with 52．A．well-behaved B．multi-skilled C．warm-hearted D．self-educated 53．A．asked B．warned C．showed D．promised 54．A．traveling B．reading C．searching D．teaching 55．A．cooperate B．side C．negotiate D．engage 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest 56 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time. These plants included modern Western 62 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65 (rich) of gardening in England. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假定你是李华，你校英文报正在征集主题为“Sports and I”的稿件，请你写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： 1.你的一次体育运动经历， 2.你的收获。 注意: 1.词数80左右； 2.标题已给出，不计入总词数； 3.可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。 Sports and I _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 When I was 16, my parents and I moved to a small town of Arizona. Since my parents were very busy at that time, my Aunt Julia often took care of me during their absence. One rainy day, when Julia and I were heading toward home, I caught sight of an old lady wearing an orange jacket with a huge bag and a walking stick. Out of curiosity, I asked Julia, “Who is she? What is she doing with that huge bag?” Julia caught a glimpse at her, then told me, “She is called Melinda. She has been collecting garbage with that huge garbage bag in the town for several years. Nobody knows why she’s been doing it. Maybe just for fun.” Hearing her words, I couldn’t help exclaiming, “Wow! It’s so strange! Why does she find it funny to collect garbage?” Since that day, I had come across her for many times on my way home. She always carried the huge garbage bag whether it was rainy or sunny. Gradually, I didn’t find her strange for collecting garbage. Instead, I began to greet her with a smile. Two years later, I was admitted to Chicago University. To my disappointment, I often saw trash on the lawn on campus. “Why should people litter everywhere? Who is responsible for the trash?” A few days later, it occurred to me that, since nobody took responsibility for it, why not collect trash myself? That way, I could walk past the lawn without feeling guilty. Then, I took action. I always took a trash bag and collect trash on the lawn every time I walked past it. A few students also followed suit soon afterwards, keeping the school cleaner and prettier than before. One day, an idea popped into my head when I finished collecting trash — maybe we could help make the city cleaner and prettier too! Despite the thought that collecting trash in front of so many people outside school was awkward, I knew it was the right thing to do. So I decided to give it a go. 注意：1. 续写词数共150左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: One day, I was collecting garbage outside the school. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Then I realized that I should encourage more students to take part. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．B 【原文】M: Alice, what is it that I constantly hear during our lesson? W: Oh, just ignore it. It’s my email notification. M: It’s actually quite annoying. Could you please adjust the sound on your phone? W: Sure, sorry. 2．C 【原文】M: I’m over the moon! I was accepted into my dream university. W: Really? All those years of hard work and determination paid off. M: Yes. I’m going to share the good news with my parents. 3．A 【原文】W: Excuse me, could you tell me the best way to get to the city center? I’ve been waiting for a bus here for over 15minutes. M: The buses to the city center run every half hour. Why not take a taxi if you’re in a hurry? 4．C 【原文】W: Billy, how come you have two copies of a Chinese-English dictionary? Did you buy a new one? M: Yesterday I found that I had left my copy at home. That’s how I ended up borrowing one from my friend. 5．A 【原文】M: Wow! It was a tough decision to make. W: Yes, putting my house up for sale was the best choice after a long discussion. Tracy left for college. Walter works in a different city. M: I get that. 6．B 7．C 【原文】M: They haven’t delivered bricks here. How’s that affecting us? W: The planned date for construction has been pushed back. I’ll reach out to our supplier and see if they can speed up the delivery. M: Okay, good idea. Let’s also reconsider our project timeline. The client isn’t aware of the situation. W: Absolutely, I’ll work on it. We must think of everything seriously before the client contacts us. They won’t be happy if they hear such news. M: Exactly. Let’s call our workers for a meeting and ask for their opinions. We need to decide on how to handle this situation. 8．B 9．A 【原文】M: I recently came across an encouraging video of a man named Carl who lives his life traveling around the world. Isn’t it magical? W: Yes, it is. But it does require quite a lot of money. M: Not always. Carl just picks up his backpack, chooses a spot on a map, and goes straight there. It’s an adventure every time. W: I’m not that kind of person. I need to be sure that there’s a room waiting for me. A soft bed and a hot shower are my must-haves. M: Well, I agree with you on that. But the idea of just packing up and going wherever you feel like sounds interesting. 10．C 11．A 12．A 【原文】M: Jenny, didn’t you take the school bus today? I didn’t see you there this morning. W: I actually spent the night at my grandparents’ place. So... M: Ah, got it. How are they, by the way? W: They’re okay. Thanks for asking. My grandma has been busy with her rose bushes and other plants. You know, it’s a good time to plant a garden. M: Yeah, that’s true. How about your grandpa? W: He is glued to the TV every evening. He is convinced that he needs to keep up to date with all the latest news, and he often shares his thoughts with everyone he can talk with, from neighbors to milkmen. M: Oh, I hate the news. W: So do I. That’s why I tried to avoid discussing the news with him at all costs. Since I had a lot of homework, I acted like I couldn’t understand a math problem and asked my grandpa to explain. He was happy to tea ch me. 13．B 14．A 15．C 16．C 【原文】W: Good afternoon, sir. How can I help you? M: I’m thinking of this beautiful watch. A few days ago, I accidentally stepped on my friend’s guitar and broke it when we were celebrating his birthday. I hope to find something to express my regret. W: I understand. This fancy watch is special,but I should mention that it’s not cheap. M: If it’s under $200, I can take it into consideration. W: I’m afraid it’s twice that amount. But don’t worry, we have other options in our store. For example, this beautiful set of cups is $60. It is worth noting that they were handmade by an Italian artist. M: Not bad. W: Here, we offer a range of quality leather goods like gloves, and wallets. And here’s a handmade notebook with a leather cover. M: Wow, I’d love one for myself. It’s brilliant. W: It’s $45, quite high for a notebook, I know, but considering the craftsmanship, it’s worth it. M: Absolutely. Do you have two available? W: Of course. However, each one is slightly different due to being handmade. M: That’s even better. I believe my friend would love it too. 17．A 18．A 19．B 20．B 【原文】W: My colleague asked me about how much I spent in a month the other day. I never had the habit of paying attention to it, so I couldn’t answer. However, that question has never left my head ever since. It became interesting, so I decided to check. Luckily, my banking app provided all the information I needed. Here’s what I discovered. My income is fixed; as a store manager, I receive $2200 on the 5th day of each month. On the 7th of each month, I make my rent payment of $ 900 for my cozy one-bedroom apartment. My household bills, including electricity, water, and Internet, amount to around $150 and are usually paid on the 15th. I spoil my cat with high-quality food and toys, spending about $50 every month. Of course, I occasionally buy beauty products. This June, I spent $80 on new makeup items on the 25th. I also like to refresh my wardrobe from time to time. I spent $150 on some trendy dresses on the last day of June. It’s eye-opening to see where my money goes, and I plan to keep track of it to better manage my finances in the future. 21．D 22．A 23．B 【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了联合国志愿人员方案的在线志愿服务的申请信息。 21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Have you considered contributing your skills and expertise virtually towards achieving sustainable human development efforts? Through the Online Volunteering service of the United Nations Volunteers (UNV) programme, you can connect with UN agencies, governments, public institutions and civil society organizations—from any device, anywhere in the world.(你是否考虑过为实现可持续的人类发展努力贡献你的技能和专业知识？通过联合国志愿人员方案的在线志愿服务，你可以从世界任何地方的任何设备与联合国机构、政府、公共机构和民间社会组织建立联系)”可知，通过UNV项目，可以开展可持续发展工作。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据Requirements中关键句“To sign up on the Unified Volunteering Platform and apply for Online Volunteer assignments, you must be at least 18 years of age.(注册统一志愿服务平台并申请在线志愿者任务，你必须年满18周岁)”可知，申请者必须满18周岁。故选A。 23．细节理解题。根据Procedures中关键句“Volunteers find assignments of their interest and apply.(志愿者找到他们感兴趣的任务并申请)”可知，在UNV项目中工作，志愿者应找到他们感兴趣的任务并申请。故选B。 24．B 25．D 26．B 27．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自己从小害羞不善表达，大学期间由于面试了一份与人交流的工作，从而性格有所改变，克服了害羞。 24．细节理解题。根据第一段“My only failure was Spanish — I’d get all As on my written work and tests, but Ds and Fs on the spoken part.( 我唯一不及格的是西班牙语——我的笔试都是A，但口语部分是D和F)”可知，作者的西班牙语笔试成绩很好，口语部分很差，她不善表达,本性害羞。故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段“The idea of talking to thousands of listeners in “radio land” terrified me.(一想到要在“广播世界”与成千上万的听众交谈，我就感到害怕)”可知，在面试前，作者想到和成千上万的听众交谈就感到非常紧张害怕。故选D。 26．推理判断题。根据最后一段“My former shyness is a fortune, as I can relate to people who feel discomfortable when they talk to newspaper reporters.(我以前的害羞是一种幸运，因为我能理解那些在与新闻记者交谈时感到不自在的人)”可推知，作者从事这份挑战性的工作是有益的。故选B。 27．主旨大意题。文章作者讲述了自己从小害羞不善表达，大学期间由于面试了一份工作不得不和人交流，从而性格有所改变，克服了害羞。所以本文作者讲述的是克服害羞的经验和感受，故选D。 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过一项研究发现告诉我们：我们在做决定前应该花一些时间考虑一下，而不是匆匆做决定。 28．推理判断题。根据第一段首句“How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision?（在做出决定之前，你花了多少时间做研究？）”可知，作者通过提出问题来引入话题，探讨人们在做决策前进行研究的时间。故选B项。 29．推理判断题。根据第二段中“some people go over every detail carefully before making a choice, and it’s certainly possible to overthink things. But there are also people who are quick to jump to conclusions.（有些人在做出选择之前会仔细检查每一个细节，当然也有可能过度思考。但也有人很快就会得出结论。）”可知，这里通过对比两种不同的决策方式——仔细检查每一处细节和快速得出结论，来展开论述。故选C项。 30．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In this game, players met someone who was fishing from one of two lakes: in one lake, most of the fish were red, and in the other, most were gray. The fisher would catch one fish at a time and stop only when players thought they could say which lake was being fished.（在这个游戏中，玩家遇到了一个从两个湖泊之一钓鱼的人：在一个湖里，大多数鱼是红色的，而在另一个湖里，大多数是灰色的。渔夫一次钓一条鱼，直到玩家认为他们可以说出正在钓鱼的是哪个湖时才停止。）”可知，游戏的目的是观察参与者如何得出结论。故选D项。 31．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段中“What our research and other recent studies show is that sometimes the most important decision can be when you should choose to take time before deciding. Even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help you avoid a major mistake.（我们的研究和其他最近的研究表明，有时最重要的决定可能是在决定之前选择花时间。即使收集再多一点证据也可能帮助你避免重大错误。）”可知，文章主要讨论了快速下结论的人在其他方面也更易犯错的观点。故选A项。 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C 【导语】本文体裁为说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在睡眠医学领域的应用及其影响，包括临床应用、生活方式管理和人口健康等方面，并引用了专家的观点来阐述AI技术的利与需谨慎对待的一面。 32．细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“The Artificial Intelligence in Sleep Medicine Committee, part of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, recently published a paper that studies how AI is contributing to the field of sleep medicine from 3 areas, including clinical (临床的) applications, lifestyle management and population health. (美国睡眠医学会下属的睡眠医学人工智能委员会最近发表了一篇论文，研究了人工智能如何从临床应用、生活方式管理和人口健康等3个领域为睡眠医学领域做出贡献。)”可知，人工智能对睡眠医学领域的贡献包括临床应用、生活方式管理和人口健康三个领域。故选C。 33．细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“For years, patients didn’t have access to tools to track their sleep or sleep habits, which made it difficult for doctors to get the data they needed to assess the quality and amount of sleep. (多年来，患者没有工具来跟踪他们的睡眠或睡眠习惯，这使得医生很难获得评估睡眠质量和睡眠量所需的数据。)”可知，多年来，由于缺乏工具，医生发现很难获取评估睡眠质量和数量所需的数据。故选B。 34．词句猜测题。由文章第四段中的“At the same time, this technology can help patients track their sleep and understand their sleep habits in a better way (同时，这项技术可以帮助患者跟踪他们的睡眠，更好地了解他们的睡眠习惯)”和“make positive changes for their own benefits (自己的利益做出积极的改变)”可知，这项技术可以帮助患者跟踪他们的睡眠，更好地了解他们的睡眠习惯，从而使他们能够为自己的利益做出积极的改变。因此，empowering在此处意为“使可能”。A. Allowing使可能，使能够；B. Promising承诺；C. Ordering订购；D. Warning警告。故选A。 35．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“While advances in AI technology have been shown to help humans make the most of everyday tasks and functions, experts suggest caution (慎重). “It is not a one-size-fits-all solution,” Bandy said, “Therefore, depending only on AI to diagnose uncommon disorders may not be a good idea.” (虽然人工智能技术的进步已经被证明可以帮助人类充分利用日常任务和功能，但专家们建议谨慎使用。“这不是一个放之四海而皆准的解决方案，”班迪说，“因此，仅仅依靠人工智能来诊断罕见疾病可能不是一个好主意。”)”可知，Bandy对于AI技术的进步持谨慎、小心的态度。故选C。 36．G 37．F 38．D 39．B 40．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是如何为环境保护做贡献的建议。 36．根据空前的“Taking good care of the environment is significant for the happiness and health of future generations.(爱护环境对子孙后代的幸福和健康具有重要意义。)”可知，保护环境对后代子孙的幸福和健康有重要意义，结合下文中的“Reduce our energy and resource consumption(减少能源和资源的消耗)”以及“Recycle and reduce waste(循环再利用及减少废物)”可知，下文介绍的是保护环境的建议，由此可知，此空为承上启下的作用，G选项“Here are some tips on how we can contribute to environmental protection(下面有一些关于我们如何为环境保护做贡献的建议)”讲述的内容与空前内容一致，且引出下文讲述的保护环境的建议，符合语境。故选G项。 37．根据本段的主题句“Recycle and reduce waste(循环再利用及减少垃圾)”可知，本段主要介绍的是通过循环再利用和减少垃圾来为保护环境做贡献，结合空后的“For example, bringing a reusable water bottle or shopping bag can help to reduce plastic waste.(例如，带一个可重复使用的水瓶或购物袋可以帮助减少塑料垃圾。)”可知，此处列举的是携带可重复利用的水瓶或购物袋以便于减少塑料垃圾，F选项“In addition, we should try to reduce our waste by using reusable items(此外，我们应该尽量通过使用可重复使用的物品来减少浪费)”讲述的内容与本段的主题吻合，且与空后列举的内容一致。故选F项。 38．根据本段的主题句“Support sustainable (可持续的) transportation(支持可持续交通)”可知，本段提出的保护环境的建议与交通工具的使用相关，D选项“Sharing the ride with friends is also a great way to reduce pollution(与朋友共乘也是减少污染的好方法)”讲述的是建议与朋友共乘交通工具，减少污染，与本段的主题一致，其中的ride为关键信息。故选D项。 39．此处应为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句可知，该空应为祈使句，根据下文中的“By staying informed, we can make better choices and take action to protect the environment. We can also raise awareness among our family, friends, and community by sharing information and encouraging them to adopt environmentally friendly practices.(通过了解情况，我们可以做出更好的选择，并采取行动保护环境。我们还可以通过分享信息和鼓励家人、朋友和社区采取对环境友好的做法来提高他们的意识。)”可知，本段讲述的是通过相互分享环保信息和鼓励家人亲朋以及社区提高环保意识来共同保护环境，B选项“Educate ourselves and others about environmental issues(教育自己和他人有关环境问题)”为祈使句，且讲述通过教育自己和他人，让人们关注环境问题，提高人们的环保意识。故选B项。 40．尾段是对本文的总结，根据空前的“In conclusion, environmental protection is everyone’s responsibility. By following these tips, we can all contribute to a healthier and more sustainable planet.(总之，环境保护是每个人的责任。通过遵循这些建议，我们都可以为一个更健康、更可持续的地球做出贡献。)”可知，环境保护人人有责，我们都可以为环境保护做出贡献，E选项“Let’s work together to protect our environment for future generations(让我们共同努力，为子孙后代保护我们的环境)”与空前的内容衔接，且与首段中的“Taking good care of the environment is significant for the happiness and health of future generations.(爱护环境对子孙后代的幸福和健康具有重要意义。)”相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。 41．B 42．D 43．C 44．A 45．C 46．A 47．D 48．B 49．A 50．C 51．B 52．D 53．C 54．A 55．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encounter邂逅；C. competition比赛；D. appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. so-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. long-lost很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。 47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. obvious显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。 51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. showed展示；D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side边；C. negotiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。 56．engineering 57．functional 58．to give 59．closed 60．walks 61．the 62．favorites 63．as 64．which/that 65．richness 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室，并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。 56．考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。 57．考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖的日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to give。 59．考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。 60．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 61．考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。 62．考查名词的数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词，意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。 63．考查介词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 64．考查定语从句。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 65．考查名词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。冠词修饰名词，应用名词形式richness，作介词of的宾语。故填richness。 【点睛】 66．Sports and I Sports, which are of great importance for us, can help us build up our strength and become refreshed. Basketball is my favourite sport, which is full of fun and challenge. Of all the matches I’ve experienced, my first basketball match in senior high school was the most unforgettable one. Our rival was a skilful team with several champion titles. To our disappointment, we fell behind at the beginning. Fortunately, with the joint effort of us, our hard work finally paid off. We managed to win 3 scores at the final moment! In short, basketball enriches my spare time, both physically and mentally. I love it! 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生你对于校英文报正在征集主题为“Sports and I”的稿件这一情况，写一篇文章投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 增强：build up→ enhance 乐趣：fun→ joy 总之：In short→ In a word 比赛：match→ competition 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Fortunately, with the joint effort of us, our hard work finally paid off. We managed to win 3 scores at the final moment! 拓展句：Fortunately, with the joint effort of us, our hard work finally paid off so that we managed to win 3 scores at the final moment! 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Sports, which are of great importance for us, can help us build up our strength and become refreshed.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Basketball is my favourite sport, which is full of fun and challenge.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 67．    One day, I was collecting garbage outside the school. Some people gave me a strange look, as if l were mad. All of a sudden, I thought of the old woman who used to collect garbage many years ago. It occurred to me that I was acting just like her. As strange as that may seem, collecting garbage was meaningful for me. Little by little, a lot of people, came to realize that I was doing voluntary service to keep the town clean, and I was complimented and thanked. Then I realized that I should encourage more students to take part. Surprisingly, they agreed and we founded a voluntary group. We gave each student a bright orange jacket with the message “Let’s Keep Our Town Cleaner!” We spent the time not just collecting trash, but also sorting it out and recycling it. The most wonderful thing was that all the people who were close to us were also doing their part! I said to myself, “This is what the old woman did for me. She has changed my life greatly.“” 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了作者在年轻时受老妇人的影响开始收集垃圾，后来在大学时继续这种行为，并得到其他同学的支持，最终建立了一个志愿者团体，致力于保持城镇的清洁，并鼓励更多人参与。文章传达了一个关于环保和社会责任的正能量故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“有一天，我在学校外面捡垃圾。”可知，第一段可描写作者在学校外面捡垃圾的过程以及作者的感受。。 ②由第二段首句内容“然后我意识到我应该鼓励更多的学生参加。”可知，第二段可描写作者成立了一个志愿者小组鼓励更多的人进来参与收集垃圾。。 2.续写线索：在学校外面捡垃圾——想起了多年前收集垃圾的老妇人——认识到行为的意义——鼓励更多的学生参加收集垃圾——成立了一个志愿者小组——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①想到：thought of  sth/sth came into one’s mind ②成立，建立：founded/set up ③感谢：thanked/appreciated 情绪类 ①令人惊讶的是：Surprisingly/Amazingly/ To one's surprise ②美妙的：wonderful/fantastic 【点睛】【高分句型1】All of a sudden, I thought of the old woman who used to collect garbage many years ago.(运用了关系代词who引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】Little by little, a lot of people, came to realize that I was doing voluntary service to keep the town clean, and I was complimented and thanked. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null学校 班级 姓名 准考证号 密 封 线 45 IAJ[BJIC]IDI 44 [AJIBIICIID] IAJIBIICHIDI [AJ[BJICJID] 41 [AJ[BIICIID] [AJIBJICJIDI [AJ[BIIC]ID] [AIIBIICI[DI [AJIBJICHIDI [AIIBJIC] [AJIBIICI IAJIBIICI [AJIBIICI [AJ[BIICI 的 (O UI W N 3 (O OO UWNO 49 [AJ[BIICI[DI 48 [A]IB]IC]ID] 46 [AJIBIICI[D] 30 IAJ[BJICI[D] 29 [AJ[BJ[CJ[DI 28 [AJIBJ[CI[D] 27 IAJIBI[CI[D] 26 [AJIBI[CI[DI 10 [A][B]IC] 9 [AJ[BI[CI 8 [AJIBIIC] 7 [AIIBIICI 6 IAJ[BIIC] 00 (OO N 分 必 热括物！压食垫2味) 5 IAJIBIICIIDI 54 IAJ[BI[CIIDI 53 IAJIBIICIIDI IAJ[BJ[CJIDI 51 IAI[BJICIIDI 35 IAJIBI[CI[DI 34 IAJ[B][CI[D] 33 [AI[BI[CIID] 32 [AI[BI[CI[DI 31 [A][B][C][D] 15 [AJIB][C] 14 [AI[B][C] 13 [A][B][C] 1 IAJIB][C] 11 [A][B][C] 海环障（请用2正铝生摄装） 入。二粮精标 0 著茶 202-2020集磊政-上经职斯经务所 40 [AJIBJICIIDIIEJ[FIIG] 39 [AJIBIICJ[DI[EJ[FI[GI 38 [AJIBI[CI[DIIEJ[FIIGI 36 [AJIBJICIIDJIEI[FIIGI 20 [AJ[BI[C] 19 [AJ[BJICI 18 [AJ[B][CI 16 [AJIBI[C] 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 喝 第二节（满分25分） Paragraph 1: Paragraph 2: 烯 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 英语第2页（共2页）