专题05 阅读理解之说明文(武汉中考真题+名校模拟)-备战2025年中考英语常考语法点+题型练习(中考真题+名校模拟真题)(湖北武汉专用)

专题05 阅读理解之说明文 (中考真题+名校最新真题) （2024·湖北武汉·中考真题）You may have a house robot that can do housework for you. But is it so smart? Meet Laura, a robot in the National Library in Madrid, Spain, copying out the old books and writings in its collection. See Aurora, a headless dog-sized robot used to keep birds and other animals away at an Alaskan airport. Watch another 1.8 meter-tall legless robot called EveR6, waving its arms to guide musicians through a performance. Those robots above require artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能). AI is a computer system (系统) that can understand languages, make decisions and solve problems. AI can be taught skills using a process called machine learning. Humans give AI information such as books, photos or videos to train it. The more information it studies, the better it can do its job. ________. For example, when you watch TV, AI is watching you. It’ll know what your favorite is and suggest similar ones. In hospitals, AI is very good at suggesting treatments and can even invent new medicines. To cut down food waste, some schools introduce online systems for the students to choose meals ahead of time. In cities, AI is used to watch out for cars that make black smoke. It works together with the police and transportation teams to stop them and keep the air clean. AI can help us fight climate (气候) change by finding clever ways to reduce energy use. Some people worry that AI will take away a large number of jobs and also fear that AI could develop out of our control and bring danger to humans. However, AI is expected to be a more powerful production tool that will help humans achieve more in less time. It is believed that the flying car will be made to offer an easier way out of the morning traffic jam (交通堵塞). Humans imagine AI might even find a way to solve the problems of our energy needs completely. Anyway, there is still a long journey for humans and AI. 1．In which pictures can we see Aurora and EveR6? A．a, c B．b, d C．b, c D．a, d 2．What BIG question does paragraph 2 answer? A．What is AI? B．Why are AI robots made? C．Where is AI used? D．How many AI robots are mentioned? 3．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．AI will be developed rapidly B．Humans depend too much on AI C．Humans wonder if AI could think D．AI has become part of daily life 4．In the future, AI is expected to be able to ________. A．suggest TV programs B．cut down food waste C．invent new medicines D．help produce enough energy 5．What would the author write about after the last paragraph? A．The end of AI. B．The history of AI. C．The way to get along with AI. D．The skill of making AI robots. （2024·湖北武汉·中考真题） ________________ Have you ever felt uncomfortable with your stomach when you’re nervous or excited? This is because there is a close connection between your gut (消化道) and your brain. You have around 200 types of microbes (细菌) in your gut. Healthy microbes help your body fight illnesses and help your brain deal with stress. “So, take care of your gut,” a scientist says. ♥690 Stop anger with activitiesA new study aimed at 12,489 people has suggested that the key to reducing (减少) anger is not letting it out, but doing calming activities such as yoga. These activities could slow the heart rate (心率). However, scientists also find some ball games and team sports, which are fun or playful, could reduce anger.   ♥569 Show compassionShowing compassion means you understand others’ feelings and treat them with kindness. Scientists have discovered when you show compassion, your brain lets out a feel-good chemical (化学物质), which helps to reduce stress. It is reported that when other people see you showing compassion, they want to do it too.   ♥943 6．In which SECTION of the website can we read the news? A．PEOPLE. B．HEALTH. C．FOOD． D．SPORTS. 7．The best heading for the first piece of news would be ________. A．Focus on your brain B．Problems with your stomach C．Look after your gut D．Microbes in your body 8．What activities might reduce anger according to the new study? ①Crying.        ② Basketball.         ③Cooking.       ④Deep breathing. A．①② B．③④ C．①③ D．②④ 9．It is believed that showing compassion can ________. A．develop your brain B．make people confident C．spread to others D．slow your heart rate 10．What do the three pieces of news have in common? A．They help us make more friends. B．They show some research results. C．They are liked by 690 people. D．They teach us how to face stress. （2023·湖北武汉·中考真题） When the famous scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years old, he imagined himself riding alongside a beam (束) of light. He used this picture in mind to help him when working out the “theory of relativity(相对论)”. “Imagination is more important than knowledge,” said Einstein. Daydreaming, called “thought experiments” by Einstein, can make you have wild imaginings, like flying around in space. It lets your mind walk slowly around ideas, memories and experiences that aren’t happening right now. It means thinking ahead to a holiday or remembering how much you enjoyed a birthday party. According to China’s health authorities(权威机构), daydreaming for a while each day can improve your health and creativity. Disappearing into a daydream lets your mind escape when things are difficult. It helps you deal with worries and fears. For example, imagining how you’re going to speak up in class is like practicing the scene in your head, which can make you feel calmer. Daydreaming also inspires creativity and lets you find new worlds where there are no limits (限制) to what you can do or who you are. Guo Qiang, an expert in thoughts and feelings, thinks we should all make time to daydream. “Thinking for pleasure can be a powerful tool to shape our feelings,” he said. However, try not to let your mind be absent when you need to focus (聚焦) in class or cross the road. Instead, find a time when you don’t have to focus on anything, like going for a walk or brushing your teeth. Guo suggests you can start by focusing on a happy memory or imagining a future success, like scoring a goal in the World Cup. To encourage creativity, think about interesting ideas and see where your mind takes you. Research shows that people often come up with more solutions to problems after they’ve taken a break. So next time you’re stuck with homework, stop for a moment and see where your daydreams take you. 11．Which writing skill is used in paragraph 1? A．Giving an example. B．Raising a question. C．Listing numbers. D．Comparing facts. 12．Daydreaming can make people _________. A．fly around B．walk slowly C．think freely D．be absent-minded 13．Guo Qiang first suggests _________. A．escaping from the hard time B．looking for new worlds C．finding time to imagine D．focusing on success 14．What is mentioned in paragraph 4? A．The steps to daydream. B．The things to daydream of. C．The reasons for daydreaming. D．The meanings of daydreaming. 15．Daydreaming is talked about _________. A．to remind people to have a mind break B．to suggest living at the moment C．to find solutions to homework problems D．to show a science research result （2023·湖北武汉·中考真题）Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his “green” project. This public-spirited young person was now a university student. His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future. _________. When he was around 4 or 5, he always loved to watch different insects, especially beautiful swallowtails(凤蝶). One interesting fact he learned about swallowtails was that their bright colors warned hungry animals that they tasted bad. And it was also fun to watch how they came into being. But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were very accessible. For example, if you wanted to attract (吸引) swallowtails, you planted some zinnias, a kind of bright flowers. Bert started a zinnia garden at his house, where he raised a large number of swallowtails over the years. With the world’s swallowtail population falling, Bert wanted people to realize that if insects like swallowtails disappeared, so would all the others above them on the food chain. To make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students, he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school. Part of the joy for Bert was watching the younger students get excited when running after swallowtails. “Whenever a swallowtail lands on them, the young students will soon fall in love with these cute insects. They develop a new appreciation for them,” he said. Bert put his efforts into the environmental educational project and made it take flight. 16．After Bert was honored with Young Heroes, _________. A．he often gave speeches in public B．he set up his “green” project C．he became interested in swallowtails D．he went on protecting insects 17．Which of the following can be put in _________? A．Bert saved many swallowtails B．Bert had a dull childhood C．Bert found his love early in life D．Bert made a hard decision 18．The underlined word “accessible” in paragraph 2 means “_________”. A．dangerous to feed B．easy to get close to C．hard to raise D．safe to reach 19．The main reason for Bert to create a zinnia garden at school was _________. A．to watch students have fun B．to make his school more beautiful C．to stop swallowtails from disappearing D．to help kids learn about swallowtails 20．What would be the best title for the passage? A．A Bright Flower B．A Flying Project C．A Green Garden D．A Warning Action （2024·湖北武汉·三模） Datiehua means “making iron flowers.” This old art was first developed and practiced by ironsmiths (铁匠). It gradually became a tradition in some parts of China. The performers need to heat iron in a pot to turn it into liquid (液体). When the liquid reaches about 1,700 degrees Celsius, they scoop up (舀起) the liquid and hit it hard with a plank (木板). This creates a shower of sparks (火花). Yang Jianjun is a datiehua performer in Henan Province. In its more than 1,000 years of history, datiehua has had few female performers. Therefore, he was surprised when Jiang Xunqian and her team contacted him. The 27-year-old content (内容) creator wanted to try her hand at the old art. Yang told her about all the dangers. If the hot liquid is not struck correctly, it can burn the skin. Jiang, however, didn’t want to give up. ★ With Yang’s help, Jiang began her training. She struck stones, sand and water to build up her strength. After a month of training, the day of her first performance finally came. When night fell, Jiang and other performers put on a wonderful show. The sparks looked like beautiful fireworks. During the show, Jiang got some small injuries. “Some sparks fell on me. They burned my skin and a few strands of hair,” she said. “But it was worthwhile.” After Jiang’s team posted the video of the show online, it became a hit. Many people became interested in the art and learned more about it. “We’re very excited to bring the art to new audiences!” said Jiang. 21．Which of the following is the steps to make iron flowers? ①create a shower of sparks          ②heat iron in a pot    ③hit the liquid with a plank ④scoop up the liquid                 ⑤turn iron into liquid A．①④⑤②③ B．③①②⑤④ C．④①③②⑤ D．②⑤④③① 22．What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase “try her hand”? A．perform with hands B．experience by herself C．help with the art D．teach in person 23．Why was Yang surprised that Jiang wanted to try her hand at datiehua? A．Because Jiang was so crazy for datiehua. B．Because Jiang was too young to get the training. C．Because Jiang was so brave to learn datiehua as a woman. D．Because Jiang would like to help him with the performance. 24．Which sentence of the following can be put into ★ ? A．But, Yang refused her request. B．At last, Yang decided to give her a chance. C．Finally, Yang put on a performance for her. D．In the end, Yang helped her to create new contents. 25．What point is Jiang Xunqian’s words in the last paragraph? A．To call more people’s attention to the old art. B．To invite more fans to watch her videos online. C．To ask more young people to take up this traditional art. D．To spread Chinese culture better by making more videos. （2024·湖北武汉·三模）I’d never thought about a taxi without a driver, but one stopped in front of me and invited me to unlock the door with my phone. “They’re unsafe,” said a passer-by. “Someone nearly got run over by a robotaxi.” He warned me to be careful. This happened in San Francisco, in the U. S. Some locals believe that the city has agreed to a dangerous experiment. Lives are now at risk. In August 2023, the government voted (表决) to allow two robotaxi companies to run a 24-hour service. But before the vote, officials had listened to opinions from the public. Many people expressed their worries and hopes. Many drivers were worried that robotaxis would take away their jobs. Street-cleaning truck drivers said the cars often broke down and blocked the road. The San Francisco Fire Department shared the same idea, saying the situation happened 55 times a year. Others said that the technology simply hadn’t been proven safe yet. But then there were its supporters. George, a doctor in San Francisco, said, “I see how these cars behave, and I trust them more than angry or distracted (走神的) drivers.” He added that he had worked on many serious injuries caused by human drivers. So, he felt that robotaxis seemed safer. Jessie, a blind girl, said that she had been treated badly by taxi drivers and that robotaxis gave her a sense of safety. There was also a mother who said that a taxi driver had once refused to take her when he saw her children’s car seats whereas a driverless car would never do that. 26．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To guide readers to imagine a picture. B．To show readers a picture of modern life. C．To describe a situation and lead to the topic. D．To share an example about his daily experience. 27．Paragraph 2 and 3 mainly focus on _____________. A．people’s worries and problems B．opinions from the public C．the way officials make decisions D．the future of new technology 28．What can we infer about the writer’s opinion on driverless car? A．The writer wants to say no to the vote. B．The writer supports the drivers’ worries. C．The writer thinks that robotaxis seem safer. D．The writer does not make his own opinion clearly. 29．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To show people the reality of driverless cars. B．To warn people about the dangers of technology. C．To tell readers that technology makes people’s life better and better. D．To encourage people to get on well with driverless car as quickly as possible. 30．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Drivers’ Worries B．Robotaxi, Yes or No? C．Doctors’ Expectation D．New Hope for the Disabled （2024·湖北武汉·三模） TangramFirst popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes, including triangles (三角形), squares and parallelograms (平行四边形). For each puzzle, players need to use all the pieces to make a shape. To do it, they have to know about geometry (几何学). In the 18th century, the tangram was brought to the West and soon became popular there. The game was first created by Chinese carpenter (木匠) Lu Ban 2,000 years ago. Legend (传说) has it that Lu used six wooden pieces to make a toy that looks like a lock for his son. The lock has a lot to do with solid geometry (立体几何). It’s hard to separate the six pieces. However, it is usually easier to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together. Now, there are modern ones made up of nine or more pieces. Huarong PassHuarong Pass is a traditional Chinese block-moving puzzle. Every block is named after a character in the book Romance of the Three Kingdoms (《三国演义》), like Cao Cao, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun. To succeed in the game, players have to move the blocks to get “Cao Cao” out. This is a test of one’s math knowledge, for example, of geometric area (几何面积). According to the Chinese Puzzle website, it takes at least 81 steps to set “Cao Cao” free. 31．In which section of the newspaper can we read the reading materials? A．HAPPY MOMENTS B．SCHOOL TIME C．CHINA SURPRISES ME D．BEAUTY OF MATH 32．What is the name of the second folk game? A．Nine Linked Rings B．Luban lock C．Three Horseshoe Locks D．Chinese Go 33．How can a player win Huarong Pass game? A．To form a square with all the pieces. B．To separate the six pieces. C．To tell a true story about “Cao Cao”. D．To move the special block out. 34．Which of the following is True according to the reading materials? A．Huarong Pass is a test of solid geometry. B．There are modern versions of all three toys. C．The tangram spread to the West about 300 years ago. D．Lu Ban was a famous carpenter in China 200 years ago. 35．What do the three reading materials have in common? A．They are all about Chinese wisdom. B．They’re all kids’ toys. C．They’re all made with modern technology. D．They were all about stories. （2024·湖北武汉·三模） Have you ever shouted at your computer because it wasn’t working? Of course, your computer can’t “shout” back. But AI researchers have been working on computers that can argue and perhaps even win debates (辩论) with humans. IBM scientists recently published a paper in Nature about their new AI system—Project Debater. It can debate with people in front of a live audience. After listening to arguments from its opponent (对手), the system can search around 400 million online articles in less than five minutes. And then it looks for ideas that can support its own argument. Testing on the system began in 2019. When it debated with Harish Natarajan, a professional debater who holds the world record for the most debate competition victories. The topic was about subsidizing preschool (资助幼儿园)—and Project Debater argued to support this idea. Although Project Debater lost the debate in the end, the audience said it performed very well. Interestingly, 58 percent of the audience said that Project Debater increased their knowledge about the topic—only 20 percent said the same about Natarajan. According to Scientific American, results show that the system is able to form logical statements (有逻辑的陈述). However, ★ . Their goal is to help humans make better decisions, according to Ranit Aharanoy, manager of the Project Debater team. “It can debate both sides, so it can very quickly help you understand both sides of the problem, so you can have a wider view of the problem and make a more thoughtful decision.” Aharanoy said. Let’s wait and see how the Project Debater will develop in the near future. 36．According to paragraph 2, which one below is not the way of Project Debater working? A．It writes ideas that can support its own argument. B．It listens to its opponent’s arguments. C．It searches online articles. D．It debates with its opponent. 37．In the debate with Harish Natarajan in paragraph 3, Project Debater ________. A．argued to support subsidizing preschool B．won the debate in the end C．set a world debating record D．often argued against itself 38．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．forming logical statements is not easy B．some people didn’t believe Project Debater C．they can develop better system D．winning a debate is never the researchers’ goal 39．The underlined word “it” refers to ________. A．Project Debater team B．the logical statement C．the new AI system D．the wider view 40．What is the author’s attitude to the Project Debater? A．Doubtful B．Positive C．We don’t know D．Disappointed （2024·湖北武汉·三模）In 2009, Shawn Seipler worked for an American technology company. His job required him to travel and visit companies all over America. One evening, he was sitting in his hotel room. He began to wonder what happened to the soap in the bathroom once he left the hotel. There was no way that it could be left in the room for someone else to use. Curious, he asked the hotel manager and was told that the used soap was thrown away and replaced. Shawn could not sleep that night. A quick Internet search told him that there were about 4.6 million hotel rooms in America. If 60 percent of these were used every night, over one million bars of soap would be thrown away every day. Was this really necessary? The young man went on to read reports about the importance of handwashing. He learned that thousands of children were dying every day from diseases related to bad hygiene (卫生). If the children washed their hands with soap, the number of deaths could be reduced by half. The following day, Shawn left his well-paid job. He approached (靠近) the Holiday Inn Hotel in Orlando and asked if he could take away their used soap. He transported it to his home, where he and his relatives began to break it down, so it could be used again. Shawn started his charity, Clean The World, and began distributing his recycled soap to children all over the world. His another big task was to communicate with other hotels, so he could take away their used soap. He found that he was really doing the hotels a big favour. Not only was he putting their soap to good use, but he was also preventing millions of bars of used soap from ending up in landfill (垃圾填埋地) every year. His charity was able to raise money by charging the hotels for this service. In return, the hotels could tell everyone they were part of an amazing new charity. Today, the charity has offices overseas and operates in China, India and Canada. Many of the biggest hotel groups in the world are working with Clean The World, helping to save lives. 41．What troubled Shawn when he was in a hotel room in 2009? A．The waste of soap. B．His tiring travels. C．His sleeping problems. D．The poor service of the hotel. 42．The underlined part ‘distributing’ in Paragraph 3 means “________”. A．selling out B．giving away C．putting away D．making up 43．What can we learn about Clean The World? A．It plans to sell soap to poor people. B．It helps hotels make a lot of money. C．It is a win-win for itself and hotels. D．It tries to create environment-friendly soap. 44．Which of the following can best describe Shawn? A．Responsible and courageous. B．Public-spirited and caring. C．Curious and humorous. D．Far-sighted and strict. 45．What would be the best title for the text? A．Hotels Coming Together B．Developing Good Hygiene Habits C．Creative Ways of Making Soap D．Recycling Soap to Save Lives （2024·湖北武汉·二模） The Rise of Digital HumansAs we all know, AI humans now can be like real people. They can do real people’s voices and moves and even copy their personalities (性格). Digital humans today appear in many ways. They can be idols (偶像), vloggers (视频博主), reporters, and more. For example, China Daily has its own digital reporter, Yuanxi. She can speak English and covers the wonderful world of Chinese culture. She can process (处理) data fast. This can help the newsroom work faster. In February 2022, Chinese tech company Baidu showed its first digital idol Xi Jiajia. She can change her makeup and how she dresses, and even do livestreams! During China Fashion Week in September 2022, Xi Jiajia became famous in an online virtual fashion show (虚拟时装秀) . _________________ The first copyright case (版权案件) about AI-created images in China had its first result from the Beijing Internet Court (北京互联网法院).     A man surnamed Li is a Chinese social media Xiaohongshu account (账户) owner. He used an AI image generator in February to make a picture. And then, he posted the picture on Xiaohongshu. However, a lady surnamed Liu used the picture in March and cut off the Xiaohongshu watermark (水印) in her post in Baijiahao, a blog-style platform under Baidu. The court found that this was an act of infringement (侵权) and said the lady must make a public apology and pay 500 yuan to Li.     The court decided that the AI-generated picture had “originality (独创性)” and that such pictures should be known as works and protected by copyright law (法律). The court said that Li made the setting of the AI model based on his needs. The image was produced based on his ideas and showed his own expression. So, Li is the creator of the image and owns its copyright. Exploring AI at iFLYTEK In November, our school went to iFLYTEK for a study tour to get a deeper understanding of artificial intelligence (AI). The teacher first introduced some common knowledge and real-world uses of AI. For example, AlphaGo beat the Go world champion while ChatGPT passed the Chinese Medical Practitioner License Examination (中医师执业资格考试) with high scores. After visiting, we came to believe that AI may be able to do things that humans can not. Then we experienced iFLYTEK’s Starfire model. To test its functionality (功能), we suggested a Chinese writing topic about happiness that we had been thinking about for a long time. At first, Starfire gave us a common response so we weren’t happy with it. One student said, “This article has no standout (出色的) features. I think it should include some character descriptions .” After many suggestions and revisions (修改), the AI’s final essay won our applause (掌声) . 46．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news? A．CUSTOM. B．TECHNOLOGY. C．NATURE. D．LITERATURE. 47．According to the news above, which of the following companies or media (媒体) are using AI technology? A．China Daily, Baidu company and Xiaohongshu. B．China Daily, Xiaohongshu and Baijiahao C．China Daily, Baijiahao and iFLYTEK. D．China Daily, Baidu company and iFLYTEK. 48．The best heading for the second piece of news would be ________. A．Copyright Protection for AI-Generated Images B．A Copyright Case between Xiaohongshu and Baijiahao C．Baijiahao User Must Pay for AI Image D．Xiaohongshu Image Owner Sucs (起诉) Baidu User 49．Which of the following can best describe Picture 1? A．The lady can process data fast. B．The lady is a vlogger who offers a guide to traveling online. C．The lady is a digital reporter from China Daily. D．The lady became famous in an online virtual fashion show. 50．What is the main theme of the three articles above? A．How digital humans are used in some areas. B．We should protect the copyright of AI-generated work. C．The companies with AI technology are helpful to people. D．The influence of AI in different fields. （2024·湖北武汉·一模） Try to think about this: you sit down and begin to eat a tomato. Suddenly, the tomato starts to scream! This thing would never really happen. But a new study shows that plants make sounds when they are stressed. Scientists in Israel did the study. During the study, they used microphones to record healthy and stressed tomato—the stressed ones were either unwatered for several days or had their stems (茎) cut. They then used a special method to show the differences. What did they do? The first two groups made sounds 30 to 50 times every hour. The third group only made the sound once every hour. The scientists said that thirsty plants began making noises before they were clearly dehydrated. And the frequency of sounds reached the highest point after five days with no water, and then dropped as the plants dried up completely. What’s more, the types of sounds the plants made were different according to the cause of their stress. “When plants are not stressed at all, they are very quiet,” Lilach Hadany from the study team told CNN. Who listened to these sounds? Scientists believed that animals and insects may listen to the sounds. For example, the sound can tell them that the plant is stressed and not good for laying eggs on. When an animal wants to eat plants, it can also use sound to choose which one to eat. The scientist also listens to other plants such as wheat and corn. They also make more sounds when stressed. The study noted that sound recordings of plants could be useful in agriculture to make sure crops were getting enough water and to give water where it was needed most. Scientists say the study can help farmers in the future. They can better take care of the crops by “hearing” how plants feel. 51．A new study shows that ________. A．tomatoes often felt stressed B．Some tomatoes could cry C．plants could make sounds when stressed D．plants could communicate with people 52．Which of the following might be the third group when scientists do the study? A．Not watered for five days B．Stems are cut off C．Untouched plants D．unstressed insects 53．The underline word “dehydrated” in paragraph 3 means ________. A．lose water B．make noise C．give press D．drop off 54．Which of the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 55．The passage is written to ________. A．let farmers listen to plants’ sounds B．teach people how to care for plants C．call for help to save the stressed plants D．tell readers plants can show feeling by sounds （2024·湖北武汉·三模） Nine Linked Rings Puzzle    The nine linked rings puzzle is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle (手柄). Players have to unlock all the rings to win the game. It has something to do with maths. If you want to unlock the ninth ring, you have to do the third, fifth, and seventh first, or you won’t make it. Tangram     A tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes. For each puzzle, players need to use all the pieces to make different things. To do it, they have to know about geometry (几何) . The game was popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Luban Lock     Luban lock was first created by a well-known Chinese carpenter (木匠) Lu Ban. He used six wooden pieces to make a toy like a lock for his son. It’s hard to separate all the pieces. The lock has a lot to do with solid (立体的) geometry. It is usually easier to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together. Now, there are Luban locks made up of nine or more pieces. 56．The three puzzles have something to do with ________. A．maths B．nature C．hobbies D．animals 57．To win the game of the nine linked rings puzzle, one should ________. A．join the rings to the handle B．link all the rings together C．deal with the ninth ring first D．get all the rings separated 58．Tangram is best translated into ________. A．九连环 B．七巧板 C．鲁班锁 D．华容道 59．From the third news, we can know that Luban lock ________. A．is made up of six pieces B．is difficult to be rebuilt C．was used as a lock at first D．was inspired by Luban’s son 60．The news above aims to show ________. A．the tools used for teaching B．some mysteries in the past C．the knowledge in the games D．the history of three puzzles 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍人工智能的优缺点。 1．细节理解题。根据“See Aurora, a headless dog-sized robot used to keep birds and other animals away at an Alaskan airport. Watch another 1.8 meter-tall legless robot called EveR6, waving its arms to guide musicians through a performance.”可知，Aurora是一个无头狗大小的机器人，在阿拉斯加机场用来驱赶鸟类和其他动物；EveR6挥舞着手臂引导音乐家完成表演。故选B。 2．段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，主要介绍人工智能是什么以及学习方式。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据后面举例内容可知，主要介绍人工智能应用在什么领域，选项D“人工智能已经成为日常生活的一部分”符合语境，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Humans imagine AI might even find a way to solve the problems of our energy needs completely.”可知，人类想象人工智能甚至可以找到一种完全解决我们能源需求问题的方法。所以未来人工智能有望帮助生产足够的能源。故选D。 5．推理判断题。最后一段讲述人工智能的问题和未来可能的发展，所以接下来可能会谈论与人工智能相处的方式，故选C。 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三个研究结果。 6．细节理解题。根据三栏内容可知，分别谈论紧张兴奋、愤怒和同情时身体的反应和表现，与健康相关，故选B。 7．最佳标题题。根据“Healthy microbes help your body fight illnesses and help your brain deal with stress. ‘So, take care of your gut,’ a scientist says.”可知，本段主要介绍健康的微生物可以帮助你的身体对抗疾病，帮助你的大脑应对压力，所以要照顾好消化道。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据“...but doing calming activities such as yoga. These activities could slow the heart rate (心率). However, scientists also find some ball games and team sports, which are fun or playful, could reduce anger.”可知，平静的、可以降低心率的活动，球类运动和团队运动可以减少愤怒，故选D。 9．细节理解题。根据“It is reported that when other people see you showing compassion, they want to do it too.”可知，当别人看到你表现出同情时，他们也想这样做。所以同情心可以传播给他人，故选C。 10．主旨大意题。三栏分别介绍了三个研究结果，故选B。 11．A 12．C 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了白日梦的好处，并提醒人们要让大脑休息一下。 11．推理判断题。根据“When the famous scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years old...”可知开头通过爱因斯坦的例子引出了本文的话题。故选A。 12．细节理解题。根据“can make you have wild imaginings, like flying around in space”可知白日梦可以让你产生天马行空的想象，自由地思考。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据“thinks we should all make time to daydream”可知他建议要找点时间去做白日梦。故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据“Guo suggests you can start by focusing on a happy memory or imagining a future success, like scoring a goal in the World Cup”可知此处提到了可以白日做梦的事情。故选B。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了白日梦的好处，并提醒人们要让大脑休息一下。故选A。 16．D 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了因为“绿色”项目而获得“青年英雄”奖项的男孩Bert热爱昆虫并保护它们的故事。 16．细节理解题。根据“Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his ‘green’ project…His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future”可知，获奖之后继续保护昆虫，故选D。 17．推理判断题。根据“When he was around 4 or 5, he always loved to watch different insects”可知，此处应介绍他从什么时候开始喜欢观察昆虫，C选项符合，故选C。 18．词义猜测题。根据“But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were very accessible”及“For example, if you wanted to attract (吸引) swallowtails, you planted some zinnias, a kind of bright flowers”可知，如果你想吸引凤蝶，你就种一些百日菊，也就是凤蝶很容易接近，所以划线单词与easy to get close to同义，故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据“To make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students, he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school”可知，是为了帮助孩子了解凤蝶，故选D。 20．最佳标题题。根据“Bert put his efforts into the environmental educational project and made it take flight.”及全文介绍可知，本文主要讲述了Bert热爱昆虫并保护它们的故事，所以B选项“A Flying Project”符合本文标题，故选B。 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了表演艺术“打铁花”。 21．细节理解题。根据“The performers need to heat iron in a pot to turn it into liquid…they scoop up (舀起) the liquid and hit it hard with a plank (木板). This creates a shower of sparks (火花).”可知，应该先将铁加热；使铁成为液体；舀起液体并用木板用力击打；然后才产生火花，因此正确的顺序如选项D所示。故选D。 22．词义猜测题。根据“The 27-year-old content (内容) creator wanted to try her hand at the old art. Yang told her about all the dangers.”可知，划线词后提到了杨告知了她危险，因此划线词指的是“亲身体验”。故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据“In its more than 1,000 years of history, datiehua has had few female performers. Therefore, he was surprised when Jiang Xunqian and her team contacted him.”可知，是因为姜作为一个女人是如此勇敢地学习“打铁花”。故选C。 24．推理判断题。根据“Jiang, however, didn’t want to give up.”可知，空处前提到了她不想放弃，因此，可以说“最后，杨决定给她一个机会”，故选B。 25．推理判断题。根据“We’re very excited to bring the art to new audiences!”可知，最后说的那句话是为了唤起更多人对古老艺术的关注。故选A。 26．C 27．A 28．D 29．A 30．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了在美国旧金山投放无人驾驶出租车之后，人们对此不同的看法。 26．推理判断题。根据第一段“I’d never thought about a taxi without a driver, but one stopped in front of me and invited me to unlock the door with my phone.”可推知，第一段的作用是描述一个情况并引出话题。故选C。 27．段落大意题。根据第二段“Some locals believe that the city has agreed to a dangerous experiment.”可知，第二段主要讲述了有些人认为投放无人驾驶出租车这一举措很危险；根据第三段“Many drivers were worried that robotaxis would take away their jobs. Street-cleaning truck drivers said the cars often broke down and blocked the road.”可知，第三段主要讲述了很多司机担心无人驾驶出租车会使他们失业并且无人驾驶出租车经常抛锚，堵塞道路。由此可知，第二段和第三段主要关注人们的担忧和问题。故选A。 28．推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者都是在反映别人对投放无人驾驶出租车这个事件的看法，并没有明确表明自己的看法。因此，选项D“作者没有明确表达自己的观点。”表述正确。故选D。 29．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在美国旧金山投放无人驾驶出租车之后，人们对此不同的看法。因此，本文的目的是向人们展示无人驾驶汽车的现实。故选A。 30．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在美国旧金山投放无人驾驶出租车之后，人们对此不同的看法。因此，选项B“无人驾驶出租车，好还是不好？”是最佳标题。故选B。 31．D 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了七巧板、鲁班锁和华容道这三个充满数学智慧的中国民间游戏。 31．推理判断题。根据“Tangram...To do it, they have to know about geometry (几何学).”，“The lock has a lot to do with solid geometry (立体几何).”和“Huarong Pass...This is a test of one’s math knowledge, for example, of geometric area (几何面积). ”可知，这三个中国民间游戏都和数学有关。因此，我们可以在报纸的“数学之美”部分读到这篇文章。故选D。 32．推理判断题。根据“The game was first created by Chinese carpenter (木匠) Lu Ban 2,000 years ago. Legend (传说) has it that Lu used six wooden pieces to make a toy that looks like a lock for his son.”可知，这个游戏是由鲁班发明的，它是一个看起来像锁一样的玩具。由此推知，这个民间游戏是“鲁班锁”。故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据“To succeed in the game, players have to move the blocks to get ‘Cao Cao’ out.”可知，为了在游戏中取得成功，玩家必须移动方块将“曹操”弄出来。即玩家为了赢得华容道游戏需将特殊的方块移出。故选D。 34．推理判断题。根据“In the 18th century, the tangram was brought to the West”可知，七巧板于18世纪被带到了西方，现在是21世纪，由此推断，七巧板大约在300年前传到了西方。故选C。 35．细节理解题。这三篇材料分别介绍了七巧板、鲁班锁和华容道这三个充满数学智慧的中国民间游戏，它们都是关于中国智慧的。故选A。 36．A 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了可以和人辩论的一种名叫Project Debater的智能系统，介绍了它的作用以及研究人员发明这个系统的目的。 36．细节理解题。根据“It can debate with people in front of a live audience. After listening to arguments from its opponent (对手), the system can search around 400 million online articles in less than five minutes. And then it looks for ideas that can support its own argument.”可知，该系统可以在现场观众面前与人辩论。在听取对手的论点后，它可以在不到五分钟的时间内搜索大约4亿篇在线文章。然后它寻找可以支持自己论点的观点。由此可知，Project Debater不能自己写观点。故选A。 37．细节理解题。根据“The topic was about subsidizing preschool (资助幼儿园)—and Project Debater argued to support this idea.”可知，Project Debater主张支持资助幼儿园。故选A。 38．推理判断题。根据“Their goal is to help humans make better decisions”可知，此处提到了研究人员的目标。因此，选项D“赢得辩论从来不是研究人员的目标”符合语境。故选D。 39．词义猜测题。根据“It can debate both sides, so it can very quickly help you understand both sides of the problem, so you can have a wider view of the problem and make a more thoughtful decision.”可知，Project Debater这个新的人工智能系统可以辩论正反两方面，所以它可以很快帮助你了解问题的正反两方面，这样你就可以对问题有更广泛的看法并做出更深思熟虑的决定。由此可知，it指的是Project Debater这个新的人工智能系统。故选C。 40．推理判断题。通读全文并结合最后一段“Let’s wait and see how the Project Debater will develop in the near future.”可推知，作者对Project Debater持积极肯定的态度。故选B。 41．A 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．D 【导语】本文介绍了肖恩辞掉自己的高薪工作，开始自己的慈善事业，帮助拯救生命的故事。 41．细节理解题。根据“He began to wonder what happened to the soap in the bathroom once he left the hotel...was told that the used soap was thrown away and replaced.”可知，肖恩在酒店房间里的时候，困扰他的问题是使用过的肥皂是怎么处理的，故选A。 42．词义猜测题。根据“Shawn started his charity, Clean The World, and began distributing his recycled soap to children all over the world.”可知，肖恩创办了他的慈善机构“清洁世界”，并开始将他的回收肥皂分发给世界各地的儿童，所以单词“distributing”指的是“分配”，故选B。 43．细节理解题。根据“Not only was he putting their soap to good use, but he was also preventing millions of bars of used soap from ending up in landfill (垃圾填埋地) every year. His charity was able to raise money by charging the hotels for this service. In return, the hotels could tell everyone they were part of an amazing new charity.”可知，“清洁世界”这个项目对项目本身和酒店都是双赢的，故选C。 44．推理判断题。根据“He learned that thousands of children were dying...the number of deaths could be reduced by half. The following day, Shawn left his well-paid job.”以及“Shawn started his charity, Clean The World, and began distributing his recycled soap to children all over the world.”可知，肖恩是一个有爱心的，热心公益事业的人，故选B。 45．最佳标题题。根据“Today, the charity has offices overseas and operates in China, India and Canada. Many of the biggest hotel groups in the world are working with Clean The World, helping to save lives.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍肖恩通过慈善事业回收用过的肥皂，再把它们分配给有需要的人，从而拯救生命的故事，故选D。 46．B 47．D 48．A 49．C 50．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了人工智能在不同领域的影响。 46．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了人工智能在不同领域的影响，故文章可能出现在报纸的科技部分。故选B。 47．细节理解题。根据“China Daily has its own digital reporter”“Chinese tech company Baidu showed its first digital idol Xi Jiajia”以及“Exploring AI at iFLYTEK”可知《中国日报》，百度和科大讯飞在使用人工智能。故选D。 48．最佳标题题。根据“The first copyright case (版权案件) about AI-created images in China had its first result from the Beijing Internet Court”可知第二个新闻主要是关于中国首例人工智能图像版权案在北京互联网法院首次开庭。故选A。 49．推理判断题。根据“China Daily has its own digital reporter, Yuanxi. She can speak English and covers the wonderful world of Chinese culture.”以及图片可知，第一幅图片中的这位女士是《中国日报》的数字记者。故选C。 50．主旨大意题。根据“The Rise of Digital Humans”“The first copyright case (版权案件) about AI-created images in China had its first result from the Beijing Internet Court”以及“Exploring AI at iFLYTEK”可知这三则新闻的主题是人工智能在不同领域的影响。故选D。 51．C 52．C 53．A 54．C 55．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一项新的研究成果，即植物在受到压力时会发出声音。 51．细节理解题。根据第一段“But a new study shows that plants make sounds when they are stressed.”可知，一项新的研究表明，植物在受到压力时也会发出声音。故选C。 52．推理判断题。根据“the stressed ones were either unwatered for several days or had their stems cut…The first two groups made sounds 30 to 50 times every hour. The third group only made the sound once every hour…When plants are not stressed at all, they are very quiet”可知，有压力的植物要么连续几天不喝水，要么茎被切断，它们发声的频率很高；当植物完全没有压力时，它们会非常安静。可推测第三组发声频率很低的植物是“健康的，未受影响的”植物。故选C。 53．词句猜测题。根据“The scientists said that thirsty plants began making noises before they were clearly …And the frequency of sounds reached the highest point after five days with no water, and then dropped as the plants dried up completely.”口渴的植物一开始就会发出声音直至完全干涸，可推测持续几天没有水，植物会“很缺水”。故选A。 54．篇章结构题。通读全文，第一段引出植物在受到压力时也会发出声音的研究调查；第二、三段详细描述了这项研究的具体内容；第四、五段详细介绍了动物和昆虫可以通过植物发出的声音做出正确的决定，这项研究也可以帮助农民改善植物的生长，即这项研究对动植物和人类的贡献。故选项C的篇章结构图示符合题意。故选C。 55．主旨大意题。根据第一段“This thing would never really happen. But a new study shows that plants make sounds when they are stressed.”及通读全文可知，这篇短文主要讲述了一项新的研究成果，即植物在受到压力时会发出声音，也就是植物通过声音表达感受，选项D“告诉读者植物可以通过声音表达感情”符合题意。故选D。 56．A 57．D 58．B 59．B 60．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了九连环、七巧板和鲁班锁三个与数学相关的中国古代民间游戏。 56．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了九连环、七巧板和鲁班锁三个与数学相关的中国古代民间游戏。故选A。 57．细节理解题。根据“Players have to unlock all the rings to win the game.”可知，玩家必须解开所有的环才算获胜。故选D。 58．词句猜测题。根据“A tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes.”可知，由七个不同形状的碎片组成的拼图，应是七巧板；因此“Tangram”表示“七巧板”。故选B。 59．细节理解题。根据“It is usually easier to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together.” 可知，打开一把鲁班锁要比把它装回去容易得多，即鲁班锁很难重建（复原）。故选B。 60．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了九连环、七巧板和鲁班锁三个与数学相关的中国古代民间游戏；即本文是目的是让读者了解一些游戏。故选C。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$