第18章 情景交际-【创新教程】2025年高考英语语法知识大全

情景交际 　　情景交际是指以对话为主要表达形式、以情景为条件和背景,涉及日常生活的诸多情景和 语境. 一、情景交际分类 １．社会交往(SocialCommunications) 问候(Greetings) A．Hi! /Helo! Goodmorning/afternoon/evening． Howareyou? /Howareyoudoing? Pleasesayhelotoyourparents． Pleasegivemylove/bestwishestoLucy． B．Hi! /Helo! Goodmorning/afternoon/evening． I􀆳mOK． Fine,thanks．Andyou? Verywel,thankyou． JustsoＧso． Sure． Alright． 介绍(Introduction) A．MynameisJim．I􀆳mastudent．I􀆳mfromAmerＧ ica． ThisisMr．/Mrs．/MissBrown． I􀆳dlikeyoutomeetBob． MayIintroduceMr．Brown? 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰１７１􀅰 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋第１８章　情景交际 B．Helo! Howdoyoudo? Nice/Glad/Pleasedtomeet(see)you． 告别(Farewels) A．GoodＧbye/Bye/ByeＧbye． Goodnight． Seeyoulater/then/tomorrow． IamsorryIhavetogonow． IamafraidImustbeleavingnow． B．GoodＧbye/Bye/ByeＧbye． Seeyou． Goodnight． Seeyoulater/then/tomorrow． 感谢(Thanks) A．Thankyou(verymuch)．/Thanksalot． Thanksforyourhelp． It􀆳sverykind/niceofyou． Iappreciateyourhelp． B．It􀆳sapleasure．/Mypleasure． That􀆳sOK/alright． You􀆳rewelcome． Don􀆳tmentionit． 道歉(Apologies) A．Sorry．/I􀆳msorry．/Excuseme,please． Ibegyourpardon． I􀆳msorryforlosingyourbook． I􀆳msorrytointerruptyou． I􀆳msorry(that)I􀆳mlate． B．That􀆳sOK．/It􀆳salright．/Nevermind． Itdoesn􀆳tmatter． It􀆳snothing． Forgetit． 邀请(Invitation) A．Wouldyouliketogoforawalk? Youmustcometodinnerwithus． MayIinviteyoutodinner? What/Howabouthavingawalk? B．①OK．Thankyou． I􀆳dlikethat．Thanks． Yes,I􀆳dloveto． Thatwouldbeverynice． ②No,thankyou． It􀆳sveryniceofyou,butmymotherisil． I􀆳dloveto,butI􀆳mafraidIhavenotime． I􀆳msorryIcan􀆳t．Whataboutanothertime? 请求允许(Askingforpermission) A．MayIcomein? Can/CouldIuseyourtelephone? IsitalrightifIsithere? IwonderifIcouldsmokehere． Would/DoyoumindifIopened/openthe window? B．①Yes,please． Sure．/Certainly．/Ofcourse． Pleasedo． That􀆳salright． Ofcourse,youcan． Goahead,please． ②I􀆳msorry,it􀆳snotalowed． I􀆳mafraidnot． You􀆳dbetternot． It􀆳snotalowed． I􀆳msorry,butyoucansmokeinthenext room． 祝愿和祝贺(ExpressingwishesandcongratuＧ lations) A．Haveagoodday/time! Haveagoodjourney/trip! Goodluck! Enjoyyourself! Bestwishestoyou! HappyNewYear! MerryChristmas! Happybirthday! Wishyoualthesuccess! Congratulations! Weldone! 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰２７１􀅰 英语语法􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B．Thankyou．You,too． Thesametoyou． 提供帮助(Offeringhelp) A．Doyouwantmetocleanthecar? CanIhelpyou? Wouldyoulikemetohelpyou? WhatcanIdoforyou? Letmetakeyourbags． B．①Yes,please．/Yes,thanks． Thankyou．Thatwouldbenice/fine． Thankyouforyour(the)help． ②No,thanks/thankyou． Thankyoualthesame． That􀆳sverykindofyou,butIcanmanageit myself． 接受或拒绝 (Acceptanceandrefusal) A．Alright/OK． Certainly/Sure． That􀆳sjusttheverythingI􀆳vebeenwantＧ ing． B．Noway． Ofcoursenot． I􀆳msorryIcan􀆳tdothat． I􀆳mafraidIhavenotimethen． That􀆳sverykindofyou,butIcanmanageit myself． 约会(Makingappointments) A．Wilyoubefreetomorrow? Doyouhavetimethisafternoon? Howabouttomorrowmorning? When/Whereshalwemeet? Couldwemeetat４:３０? Let􀆳smakeit４:３０． Whattimeisconvenientforyou? I􀆳dliketomakeanappointmentwithMr． Jones． B．①Yes,I􀆳lbefreethen． Alright．Seeyouthen． ②I􀆳mafraidIhavenotimethen． Sorry,Iwon􀆳tbefreethen．ButI􀆳lbefree tomorrow． 打电话(Makingtelephonecals) A．Helo! MayIspeaktoTom? Helo!I􀆳dliketospeaktoMr．Green． IsthatLucyspeaking? Extensionsixtwotwosix,please． CanIleaveamessage? I􀆳lcalbacklater/again． I􀆳lringhim/herupagain． B．Helo! ThisisMaryspeaking． Helo,whoisthat? Holdtheline,please． Justamoment,please． Helo! Who􀆳sspeaking? Sorry．He/Sheisn􀆳thererightnow． CanItakeamessage? Sorry．Ican􀆳thearyou． Sorry．I􀆳mafraidyouhavethewrongnumＧ ber． 就餐(Havingmeals) A．Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink? Whatwouldyoulike(tohave)? Wouldyoulikesomemorefish? Helpyourselftosomefish． Whichdoyouprefer,riceornoodles? Whatwouldyouliketodrink,teaorcofＧ fee? B．①Yes,I􀆳dlikeadrink． I􀆳dlikerice/chicken/dumplings． Justalittle,please． CanIhavesomemoresoup? It􀆳ssodelicious．Thankyou． Iprefernoodlestorice． Ilikegreen/blacktea． 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰３７１􀅰 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋第１８章　情景交际 ②No,thankyou．I􀆳vehadenough． I􀆳mful,thankyou． It􀆳sverydelicious,butIcan􀆳teatany more． 就医(Seeingthedoctor) A．What􀆳sthematter? Doyouhaveafever? Whatseemstobethetrouble? Howlonghaveyoufeltlikethis? It􀆳snothingserious． Takethismedicinethreetimesaday． You􀆳lbealright/welsoon． GiveupsmokingandkeepontakingmoreexＧ ercises B．Ihaveaheadache/cough/fever． Ifeelterrible/bad/horrible/awful． Idon􀆳tfeelwel．I􀆳vegotapainhere． Ithurtshere．Idon􀆳tfeellikeeating． Ican􀆳tsleepwel． 购物(Shopping) A．Can/MayIhelpyou? WhatcanIdoforyou? Howmany/muchwouldyoulike? Whatcolour/size/kindwouldyoulike? Thisone? Here􀆳syourchange． B．Iwant/I􀆳dlikeapairofshoes． Howmuchisit/arethey? MayItryiton? It􀆳stoobig/smal． Sorry,it􀆳stooexpensive． Do you have any other colours/sizes/ kinds? Twoandahalfkilos/pounds,please． That􀆳sfine．I􀆳ltakeit． Justhavealook． Wel,I􀆳lthinkaboutit． 问路(Askingtheway) A．Excuseme．Where􀆳sthewashroom? CanyoutelmehowtogettothepostofＧ fice? Excuseme．WhichbusgoestotheWorld Park? Excuseme．WhichisthewaytotheBank ofChina? Excuseme．Couldyoutel methewayto thestation,please? HowcanIgettoNo．４MiddleSchool? B．①It􀆳soverthere． It􀆳sabout４００metresfromhere． Godownthisstreetuntilyouseethetal redbuilding． Turnright/leftatthefirst/secondcrossＧ ing/corner． Youcan􀆳tmissit． YoucantakebusNo．１０３． You􀆳dbettertakeataxi． ②Sorry．Idon􀆳tknow．I􀆳mastrangerhere． 谈论天气(Talkingaboutweather) A．What􀆳stheweatherliketoday? How􀆳stheweatherinBeijing? Whatacold/hotdaytoday! It􀆳sanice/fine/beautiful/horribledaytoday． B．It􀆳ssunny/cloudy/windy/rainy/snowy/foggy． It􀆳sgettingcool/cold/warm/hot． 语言交际困难(LanguagedifficultiesincomＧ munication) Pardon? /Ibegyourpardon? Idon􀆳tunderstand．/Sorry,Ican􀆳tfolow you． Couldyousaythatagain,please? Couldyourepeatthat,please? 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰４７１􀅰 英语语法􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Canyouspeakmoreslowly,please? Whatdoyoumeanby“kilingtime”? Howdoyousay．．．inEnglish? Idon􀆳tknowhowtosaythatinEnglish． Idon􀆳tknowthewordinEnglish． Howdoyouspelit,please? I􀆳msorryIonlyknowalittleEnglish． 提醒注意(Reminding) Don􀆳tforgetyourbag． Remembertolockthedoor． Makesurethatalthewindowsareclosed． Mindyourhead/step! Nosmoking! Nospitting! Wetfloor! Lookout! Becareful! Don􀆳ttouch! It􀆳sdangerous! 警告和禁止(Warningandprohibition) A．Becareful/Lookout/Takecare/Mindout/ Watchit! Watchout/Watchyourself! Watchyourstep! Don􀆳tloseyourhead! Let/Leaveitalone! B．Nosmoking/passing/parking/spitting! Keepoffthegrass! Youmustn􀆳tdosuchathing． Stopmakingstupidcomments． Don􀆳tbelate． 劝告(Advice) You􀆳dbettergotoseeadoctor． YoushouldlistentoandreadEnglishevery day． YouneedtobuyaChineseＧEnglishdictionＧ ary． IfIwereyou,I􀆳dphonehimnow． Don􀆳trush/hurry/push． Pleasestandinline． 建议(Suggestions) Let􀆳sgoandhavealook． Shouldwegonow? What/HowaboutapicnicthisSunday? Whydon􀆳tyoubuyacomputer? Whynotgotoamovie? ２．态度(Attitudes) 同意和不同意 (Agreementanddisagreement) A．Sure．/Certainly．/Exactly． That􀆳scorrect． Ofcourse． Alright． Iagree． Noproblem． That􀆳sagoodidea． Yes,Ithinkso． B．Noway． Ofcoursenot． Idon􀆳tagree． Idon􀆳tthinkso． I􀆳mafraidnot． 喜欢和不喜欢(Likesanddislikes) A．Thisbookisveryinteresting． Ilike/lovethemovie(verymuch)． Ilike/lovetoplaybasketbal． Ilikewalkingaftersupper． Ienjoylisteningtomusic． I􀆳minterestedinscience． Heisfondofmusic． B．Thissongisbad/awful． Idon􀆳tlikethemovieverymuch/atal． Idon􀆳tenjoycolectingstamps． Ihatetodohomework． 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰５７１􀅰 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋第１８章　情景交际 肯定和不肯定(Certaintyanduncertainty) A．I􀆳msure． I􀆳msureofthat． I􀆳m(quite)sure(that)she􀆳ljoinus． Thereisnodoubtthatit􀆳smadeofsilk． It􀆳sclearthatitwilrainsoon． B．I􀆳mnotsosure． I􀆳mnotsureofthat． I􀆳mnotsurewhether/ifshecancome． C．Maybeyou􀆳reright． Perhapssheisathomenow． It􀆳shardtosay． 可能和不可能(Possibilityandimpossibility) A．Hecan/maycometoday． Itmaysnowtonight． It􀆳spossibletofinishthehomeworkbefore ６o􀆳clock． It􀆳slikelytorainthisafternoon． It􀆳slikelythatyouwillosethisgame． B．Hemaynotcomesoearly． Hecan􀆳tbeintheofficenow． It􀆳snotlikelytosnowsoon． It􀆳simpossibletofinish my homework withinonehour． 能够和不能够(Abilityandinability) A．Hecanrideabike． He􀆳sabletopassthemathexam． Heisgoodatfootbal． B．Hecan􀆳tdrive． He􀆳sunabletowalkanymore． She􀆳snotgoodatswimming． 偏爱和优先选择(Preference) Iprefertea． Whichdoyouprefer,teaorcoffee? Ipreferteatocoffee． I􀆳dprefertogobytrain． IlikeEnglishbetter/best． Myfavouritesubjectisphysics． I􀆳dratherdrinkcoffeethantea． Wherewouldyourathergo,LondonorToＧ kyo? 意愿和打算(Intentionsandplans) A．I􀆳lgowithyou． I􀆳mgoingtoseemyunclethisafternoon． I􀆳dliketomakeaphonecaltoherafter class． Iwant/hopetofindanEnglishpenＧfriend． IplantogotoHangzhouthissummer． Wearereadytomovetoanewhouse． BilintendstospendhisvacationinCaliＧ fornia． IamthinkingofdrivingtoBeijing． B．Iwon􀆳tseethemovieagain． I􀆳mnotgoingtobuythebook． Idon􀆳twanttoliveinthebigcity． 希望和愿望(Hopesandwishes) Iwishtoseeyouagain． Ihopetobecomeadoctor． Ihopeitstaysfine． IwishIwereyounger． Ihopeso． Ihopenot． 表扬和鼓励(Praiseandencouragement) A．Excelent!/Verygood!/Weldone!/WonderＧ ful!/YouspeakEnglishverywel． Yourdressisbeautiful! Comeon! Keeptrying! Youcandoit! B．Thankyou．OK． I􀆳ltryitagain． 责备和抱怨 (Blameandcomplaint) You􀆳retoblame． Sheblamedhimforcominghomelate． Whatdoyoumeanbydoingso? 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰６７１􀅰 英语语法􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Howcouldyoucheatyourteacher? Heshouldn􀆳thavedoneit． Whydidn􀆳tyoutelmethetruth? I􀆳msorrytohavesaidthat,butthisroomistoo dirty． Ihatetohavetosaythis,butit􀆳stoonoisy here． Whydon􀆳tyoudosomethingaboutit? 冷淡 (Indifference) Idon􀆳tcare． Idon􀆳tcarewhatyoudo． Itdoesn􀆳tmattertome． Idon􀆳tmindifyousmoke． It􀆳snoneofmybusiness． 判断与评价(Judgementandevaluation) A．Inmyopinion,Tomistherightman． Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain． So/AsfarasIknow,thatispossible． B．Itsoundsinteresting． Itseemstomethat􀆳swonderful． I􀆳mafraidyouarewrongaboutthat． Howwonderfultheideais! ３．情感(Emotions) 高兴(Happiness) Howwonderful/nice! That􀆳slovely/great/wonderful! I􀆳msohappy． It􀆳sweldone． I􀆳mpleasedtoknowthat． 惊奇(Surprise) Realy! Ohdear! Isthatso? Whatasurprise! Hownicetoseeyou! Howsurprising! I􀆳msurprised． Itsurprises methatyourEnglishisso beautiful． Doesthatsurpriseyou? Isthiswhatyouexpected? 忧虑(Worries) What􀆳swrong? What􀆳sthematter? Anythingwrong? Whatshouldwedo? Issomethingworryingyou? Areyouworriedaboutyourhealth? 安慰(Reassurance) There,there． Don􀆳tbeafraid． Don􀆳tworry． It􀆳s(quite)alright． It􀆳lbeOK/alright． 满意(Satisfaction) Good! Weldone! Perfect! That􀆳sfine． That􀆳sbetter． That􀆳sgoodenough． I􀆳mpleasedwithyourspokenEnglish． 遗憾(Regret) I􀆳msosorry! It􀆳sagreatpity! Whatashame! That􀆳stoobad! IwishIhadnevergivenitup． IfIhadbeenthere,hewouldnothavemade suchaseriousmistake． 同情(Sympathy) I􀆳msosorry! I􀆳msosorryaboutyourilness． I􀆳msorrytohearyouaregoingaway． Pleaseacceptmydeepsympathy． 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰７７１􀅰 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋第１８章　情景交际 恐惧(Fear) Help! Howterrible! I􀆳mafraidofthatdog． I􀆳mfrightened． Youscaredme! Idarenotgooutatnight! 愤怒(Anger) Damn! Isn􀆳titannoying! Whatastupididiot! ４．时间(Time) 时刻(Pointoftime) A．Excuseme．What􀆳sthetime,please? Excuseme．Whattimeisit? Haveyougotthetime? WhendidyoucometoChina? Whattimedoyougetupeveryday? B．It􀆳shalfpastfive/twentytonine． IcametoChinain２００８． Igetupat６o􀆳clock． 时段(Duration) A．Howlonghaveyoubeeninthisschool? Howlong doesittakeyouto getto school? WhendidyouliveinBeijing? Howlonghaveyoubeenil? B．Ihavebeeninthisschoolforthreeyears． Ittakesmetwentyminutesbybike． IlivedinBeijingfrom２０１０to２０１４． IhavebeenilsincelastMondaynight． 频度(Frequency) A．Howoftendoyougotomovies? B．Igotothemovieonceaweek． Ioftengotomovies． 次序(Sequence) Thecatranhereandthere,firstonthis side,thenonthatside． Whatdidyoudonext? Finalywefoundourwayout． Itrainedevenharderlateron． ５．空间(Space) 位置(Position) A．Whereisthepicture? B．It􀆳s on/above/under/beside/near/behind thetable． Hesitsatthebackoftheroom． Thelabisinthecentreoftheschool． 方向(Direction) A．Whichisthewaytothestation? Whereisthetrain/busgoing? Whereareyougoing? Areyougoingup/down? B．Godownthisstreet,andturnleft/rightatthe firstcrossing． ThetrainisgoingtoXi􀆳an． Thetrainisgoingtotheeast/west/south/ north． I􀆳mgoingtotherailwaystation． I􀆳mleavingforShanghai． 距离(Distance) A．Howfarisyourschoolfromhere? B．It􀆳sabout４０minutesbybike． It􀆳sabout６kilometres/milesaway． ６．存 在 与 不 存 在(ExistenceandnonＧexistＧ ence) A．Isthereabirdinthetree? Arethereanyapplesinthetree? Yes,thereis/are． There􀆳sabirdinthetree． Therearemany/alotofbirdsinthetree． B．Thereisn􀆳tanEnglishbookintheschoolＧ bag． Therearen􀆳tany English booksinthe schoolbag． 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰８７１􀅰 英语语法􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 No,there􀆳snowaterinthebottle． There􀆳snomorepaperintheprinter． Nowaterexistsonthemoon． ７．特征(Features) 形状(Shape) A．Whatdoesitlooklike? What􀆳stheshapeoftheclouds? B．Itlookslikeacamel． It􀆳sround/long/tal/short． It􀆳scircle/square． It􀆳saUＧshapedroad． 颜色(Colour) A．Whatcolouristhebag? B．It􀆳s green/red/blue/yelow/black/white/ orange/purple/lightbrown/darkblue． Ilikethephotoinblackandwhite． 材料(Material) A．What􀆳sthetablemadeof? What􀆳stheredwinemadefrom? B．It􀆳smadeofwood． It􀆳smadefromgrapes． Iboughtawoolensweateryesterday． 价格(Price) A．Howmuchisthedictionary? Howmucharethey? Isitcheap/expensive? B．Thedictionarycostsme１００yuan． Thedictionaryisexpensive/cheap． 规格(Size) A．Whatsizeisyoursweater? Whatsizeshoesdoyouwear? B．ThesizeofmysweaterisXXL． It􀆳stoobig/smal/long/shortforme． 年龄(Age) A．Howoldareyou? Howoldishe/she? B．I􀆳meighteen． He/Sheissixyearsold． UncleWangisanoldman． ８．计量(Measurement) 长度(Length) A．Howlongisthebridge? B．It􀆳s４３０metres/feetlong． 宽度(Width) A．Howwideistheriver? B．It􀆳sabout２００metreswide． 高度(Height) A．Howtal/highisthebuilding? B．It􀆳s１３０metrestal/high． Thebuildinghas８５floors/stories． 数量(Number) A．How manystudentsarethereinyour class? Howmuchwaterdoyoudrinkeveryday? B．Therearefortystudentsinourclass． Idrinkfiveglassesofwatereveryday． ９．比较(Comparison) 同级比较(Equalcomparison) Theroomisasbigasthatone． IcanspeakEnglishasfluentlyasyou． Ican􀆳trunsofastasTom． 差别比较(Comparativeandsuperlative) Thecarismoreexpensivethanthatone． Tomisthetalestinhisclass． 相似和差别(Similarityanddifference) Thispictureisthesameasthatoneonthe wal． Lucyislikehermother． Tomlookslikehisfather． Mypictureisdifferentfromyours． TherearefivediferencesbetweenthetwopicＧ tures． 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰９７１􀅰 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋第１８章　情景交际 １０．逻辑关系(Logicalrelations) 原因和结果(Causeandeffect) A．Whyareyoulateforschool? Howcouldyoumissthetrain/plane? B．Becausehisbikewasbroken． Asshehadafever,shecouldn􀆳tgoto school． Becauseofthebadtraffic,Imissedthe train． Duetothe heavyfog,thetraffic was closed． Hestudiedhard,sohepassedtheexam． 目的(Purpose) A．Whyareyouheretoday? Whydidyoudothat? B．Icameheretoseeyouoff． Ididthatinordertoprotectthetrees． １１．职业(Occupations) 工作(Jobs) A．Whatareyou? Whatdoesyourmotherdo? What􀆳syourjob? B．I􀆳malawyer/worker/teacher/manager． 单位(Employer) A．Wheredoyouwork? Whatcompanyareyouworkingfor? B．I􀆳mteachingEnglishinahighschool． I􀆳mworkingforacomputercompany． 二、易混常用交际用语 １．Forgetit．/Don􀆳tmentionit． Forgetit．意为:１)别提了;２)没关系;３)休 想/不可能. Don􀆳tmentionit．意为:不客气,不用谢. ２．Whatif．．．?/Sowhat?/What?/Whatfor?/ Guesswhat?/Whatthen? Whatif．．．? 万一􀆺􀆺怎么办? /如果􀆺􀆺怎么样? Sowhat? ＝Whatofit? 那又怎样? (表示不以为然) Whatfor? ＝Forwhat? 为什么? (用来询问原因或目的) Guesswhat? 你猜怎么着? (用来吸引对方对令人惊奇或惊喜的事情的注意) What? 真的? (用以表示不相信或惊奇) Whatthen? ＝Thenwhat? 下一步怎么办? 那会怎么样呢? ì î í ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ３．Howcome．．．?/Howabout．．．?/Andhow!/ Howso?/Howisthat? Howcome．．．? 怎么会􀆺􀆺的? (用来对令人惊 奇的事情所发生的原因进行提问) Howabout．．．? 􀆺􀆺怎么样? (用来提出建议) Andhow! 那还用说! (用来表示极为赞同,有时 为反语) Howso? 为何如此? (用来让对方对所持观点做 出解释) Howisthat? 那是怎么回事? ì î í ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ４．It􀆳suptoyou．/Itdepends．/It􀆳shardtosay． Itdepends．看情况而定,表目前还不能确定,要看 情况发展. It􀆳suptoyou．你看着办吧,表说话者无所谓或无 权做出决定,靠对方自己做出决断. It􀆳shardtosay．情况很难预料,不好说. ì î í ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ５．Takeiteasy．/Takeyourtime． Takeiteasy．别紧张,用以安慰对方. Takeyourtime．慢慢来,安慰对方不要着急.{ ６．Mypleasure．/Withpleasure． “Mypleasure．”表示不用谢,相当于It􀆳sa pleasure．同 义 表 达 还 有:Notatal．It􀆳s/ That􀆳sal right．You􀆳re welcome．That􀆳s OK．Don􀆳tmentionit．等.Withpleasure． 乐意效劳,非常愿意. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰０８１􀅰 英语语法􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 —It􀆳sawonderfulevening．Thankyou． —Mypleasure． ———今晚真不错,谢谢. ———不用谢. ７．Comeon! /Cheerup! Comeon! 快点、加油,表示敦促、鼓励等; 也可表示不耐烦的语气,意为“得了吧”. Cheerup! 高兴起来/振作起来,用于鼓励, 振作精神. ８．Helpyourself．/Yes,please．/Goahead．/ Goon．/Comeon! /Hurryup． Helpyourself．自便,自己来吧. Yes,please．请! 表示允许对方做请求之事. Goahead．去做吧.表示同意并鼓励对方去做请求之事. Goon．继续(在进行或谈论的事). Comeon! 来! 加油! 用来鼓励对方参与某事. Hurryup．赶紧;快点.用来催促对方快点行动. ì î í ï ï ï ïï ï ï ï ï ９．Goodluck．/Congratulations．/Havefun! / Bestwishes． Goodluck．祝你好运.是当对方参加某项活动时, 向对方表示的祝福语. Congratulations．祝贺你. 是当对方做某事取得了成功时的祝贺用语. Havefun! 玩得开心点! 相对于 Haveagoodtime．表示祝愿. Bestwishes．一般用于信的结尾处,表示对对方的祝愿. ì î í ï ï ï ï ïï ï ï ï ï ï １０．What􀆳son? /What􀆳sup? What􀆳s(going)on? 怎么了? 这里发生什么事了? 有什么节 目? 上演什么电影? 用于询问情况. What􀆳sup? 怎么了? 有什么事吗? 在口 语中使用广泛. １１．Nevermind．/Notatal．/Noproblem． Nevermind．相当于:Don􀆳tworry．不必担心. Notatal．有下列几种用法: ①用于回答感谢,意为“不用谢;不客气”. ②用于回答道歉,意为“没关系”. ③用于表示否定(是 No的加强说法),意 为“一点也不,完全不”. Noproblem．既可回答感谢(意为:不 用 谢),又可回答抱歉(意为:没关系),还可用 来表示同意或愉快地回答请求,意为:没问 题;小事一桩. １２．Alright．/That􀆳salright．/That􀆳sright． (１)Alright．用于赞同对方的意见、建议 或邀请,意为“好,行,可以”. (２)That􀆳salright．有下列几种用法: ①对别人致谢的回答,意为“不用谢;别客 气”相 当 于 That􀆳s OK．/Notatal．/ You􀆳rewelcome．等. ②对别人致歉时的回答,意为“没关系;别 介意”.相当于Itdoesn􀆳tmatter．/Never mind等. (３)That􀆳sright．意为“正确;对”,用于表 示对某一事物的肯定,即同意对方的观点 或意见.在口语中可直接用right作答. １３．Whysb．? /Whynot? /Whybother? (１)Whysb．? 用来提问某人为什么会被 选中或受苦. (２)Whynot? 用来表达同意对方的建议. (３)Whybother? 何必那么麻烦? 用来表 达某事没必要那样麻烦. 三、方法突破 情景交际涉及内容面广;一部分内容有固 定的应答结构,解题时要充分利用固定答语; 另一部分在解题时,要力求用英语思维,注意 中、英两种文化的差异,避免母语交流式的干 扰,要根据对话情景和所掌握的习惯用语来推 断出正确答案. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰１８１􀅰 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋第１８章　情景交际