精品解析：江苏省盐城市亭湖高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期末模拟英语试题

盐城市亭湖高级中学2023-2024学年度 第二学期高一年级期末模拟考试 英语试卷 （本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷选择题和第Ⅱ卷非选择题两大部分，试卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟） 第一部分：听力（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman mean? A. She refuses to buy new curtains (窗帘). B. She accepts Susie’s suggestion. C. She objects to moving the bed. 2. What did the woman and her sister often do during summer vacations? A. They flew kites. B. They watched TV. C. They camped in the field. 3. How does the man sound? A. Grateful. B. Caring. C. Scared. 4. Where does the man intend to go this evening? A. To a bar. B. To the woman’s house. C. To a supermarket. 5. What might Barbara be? A. A reporter. B. A travel blogger. C. A web designer. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How many rooms does the woman book? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 7. Which of the following does the woman need? A. A pick-up service. B. Parking coupons (券). C. Wake-up calls. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the woman say about Alisa? A. She is responsible. B. She is reserved. C. She is sociable. 9. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Who is the best candidate (候选人) for promotion. B. Who will be transferred (转移) to the branch office. C. Who can chair the meeting in the afternoon. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What makes the woman different today? A. The lipstick. B. The glasses. C. The haircut. 11. Who will go to Hawaii next month? A. Emily. B. Emma. C. Alex. 12. What did the man plan to do tonight? A. Do some shopping. B. Take exercise. C. Eat out. 13. How will the woman go home? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By subway. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why is Shakespeare-style writing mentioned in the conversation? A. To show the difference between AI and the human brain. B. To state writers’ worry caused by ChatGPT. C To indicate the charm (魅力) of ChatGPT. 15. What is Bard? A. A game. B. A chatbot. C. A tech company. 16. What is Satya Nadella’s attitude towards ChatGPT? A. Ambiguous (不明确). B. Approving. C. Critical. 17. What does the man suggest doing in the era of AI? A. Being adaptive and using AI fully. B. Developing one’s own creativity. C. Avoiding heavy reliance on AI. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is Nadine Hamdy in charge of? A. Mapping out marketing strategies. B. Teaching dogs to swim. C. Giving a show to pet owners. 19. What do we know about Adam Kilani? A. He has a three-year-old pet dog. B. He is from Matrouh Governorate. C. He found pleasure in learning pet care. 20. What did Lina Kamal attach importance to? A. The benefits of hosting various events in tourist resorts. B. The promotion of the culture of pet ownership. C. The protection of homeless animals. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。 A New York Pass — Attraction Guide & Planner Do you ever worry that you've missed something when you travel? With The New York Pass app, you won't miss a thing.Discover New York's famous attractions and lesser-known sights at the touch of a button. Access, travel guides and maps make exploration effortless. And savings on the gate price and beyond means more money to spend on experiencing the city. Choose from 1, 2,3,5, 7 or 10 day pass to suit your travel plans. Already bought your pass? Simply sync (同步) your pass to the app and scan at your first attraction to activate (激活). Enjoy free entry to over 100 top New York attractions. In the app you'll find inspiring information to help make the choice easier. What to enjoy on the app Itineraries (行程） Get inspiration from our tailored itineraries or build your own to help you make the most of the city. There's something for everyone including New York in a Day, Museum Mile or even something unique. Special Offers See the world-famous New York Knicks play, enjoy Broadway shows and save with store and dining discounts. Interactive Map Explore New York effortlessly. Use the interactive map to locate the attractions near you. Sync your pass. Plan your trip. Enjoy stress-free sightseeing and save as you see. Download for free today. 1. What should you do to activate the app? A. Visit over 100 top New York attractions. B. Discover attractions at the touch of a button. C. Plan stress-free sightseeing from a tour guide. D. Sync your pass and scan at your first attraction. 2. Which of the following is the benefit of using the app? A. Purchasing a one-week pass. B. Building a route suited to you. C. Enjoying discounts on any item. D. Missing some lesser-known sights. 3. Who is the text mainly intended for? A. Fans of plays or shows. B. Tourists to New York. C. Lovers of new technology. D. Tour guides in New York. B A man sat at a metro station in Washington D.C. and started to play the violin; it was a cold January morning. He played six pieces for about 45 minutes. During that time, since it was rush hour, 1,100 people went through the station, most of them on their way to work. Three minutes went by, and a middle-aged man noticed there was musician playing. A few minutes later, someone leaned against the wall to listen to him. They stopped for a few seconds, and then hurried up to meet their schedule. The one who paid the most attention was a 3-year-old boy. His mother followed him along, hurried, but the kid stopped to look at the violinist. Finally, the mother pushed hard, and the child continued to walk, turning his head all the time. This was repeated by several other children. All the parents, without exception, forced them to move on. In the 45 minutes the musician played, only 6 people stopped and stayed for a while. About 20 gave him money, but continued to walk their normal pace. He collected $32. When he finished playing and silence took over, no one noticed it. No one applauded（鼓掌）, nor was there any recognition. No one knew this, but the violinist was Joshua Bell, one of the most talented musicians in the world. He had just played one of the most beautiful pieces ever written, on a violin worth 3.5 million dollars. Two days before his playing in the subway, Joshua Bell sold out at a theatre in Boston where the seats averaged $100. This is a real story. Joshua Bell’s playing in the metro station was organized by the Washington Post as part of a social experiment. One of the possible conclusions from this experience could be: If we do not have a moment to stop and listen to one of the best musicians in the world playing the best music ever written, how many other things are we missing? 4. Why did few people stop to listen to Joshua Bell playing? A People were in a hurry. B. They were not interested in music. C. It was too cold in the subway. D. The performance was not good enough. 5. What did the parents do when children stopped to look at the violinist? A. They would applaud for the performance. B. They would urge them to continue walking. C. They would stop to enjoy the music. D. They would give him some money. 6. Why did Joshua Bell play in the metro station? A. To make more money. B. To practise his skills in playing music. C. To made an advertisement for his concert. D. To find out people’s reaction under such a circumstance. 7. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To tell us the importance of music. B. To show us how to play music. C. To set us to think about our life. D. To report a subway performance. C Comfort food makes a person feel good. Food high in sugar or fat tends to improve mood by stimulating the brain’s reward system. So it makes sense that many of us may turn to food for comfort in times of stress. There’s some fascinating research that examines food as a source of comfort. However, the most interesting thing about this research may be that foods are far less comforting than we tend to believe they are. Traci Mann, a professor of psychology, and colleagues conducted a series of studies with college students. The researchers examined how much comfort foods actually improve mood. They provided students with one of the three foods that they had indicated were their top, personal comfort foods. After producing a negative mood by having them watch movie clips designed to increase their sadness, anger and anxiety, the researchers offered the students their comfort food. They had to assess (评估) how they felt before and after they were supposedly comforted by ice cream, pizza or whatever they had indicated they typically ate to feel better. All of the students completed the study on two separate occasions: once when they were able to eat their comfort food and once when they were able to eat another food they liked, but they wouldn’t call a comfort food. The researchers found that comfort food did improve students’ moods — but only by a little bit and not more than the other food they liked. In another study, comfort food was compared to no food at all, and students’ moods seemed to improve even when they didn’t eat anything — most likely just due to the passage of time. The take-home message from the studies? While the comfort food may make the person feel better for the time being it does little to address emotional problems. Of course, everyone can indulge (纵情) in a comfort food from time to time, but overall, aim for these instances to be the exception rather than the rule. 8. Which aspect of comfort food do Traci Mann’s studies focus on? A. The means by which it affects mood. B. Its role in reducing negativity. C. The extent to which it lifts mood. D. Its impact on physical health. 9. How were the studies carried out? A. By comparison. B. By observation. C. By analysis. D. By collecting data. 10. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. To explain a rule. B. To introduce a concept. C. To present a fact. D. To make a suggestion. 11. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Feeling Negative? Try Comfort Food B. Comfort Food May Not Do Wonders C. The Science behind Comfort Food D. Comfort Food Tends to Be Unhealthy D Arthur Brooks, who teaches hundreds of anxious Harvard students how to be happy, has a happiness formula (配方), and he doesn’t think young people hear it enough. When delivering the speech at the Catholic University on Saturday, Brooks warned new graduates against two common but terrible pieces of advice. One is to go find a job you love, and you’ll never work a day in your life; the other is you should save the world. To the first, he claimed it’s a great way to ruin youngsters’ life. He explained that expecting a job to be fun all the time is too ideal, which will set people up to hate any job, especially when the work unavoidably becomes difficult and not fun. As to the second, Brooks responded, “To expect one’s day job to solve the world’s various problems is another factor for disappointment in reality.” Some may guess that the actual cause for job satisfaction are money, fame, power and admiration. However, Brooks never agrees with them. He has put forward his two answers to finding happiness at work. The first key, according to Brooks, is what he calls earned success. For Brooks, happiness at work is not determined by your job title or income but the investment you put into your day. Put simply, “Don’t cut corner.” Brooks said, “What matters is that at the end of the day, you can say, you did your work with efforts and excellence.” Some experts agree that positive relationships at work are a necessary ingredient for job satisfaction. Brooks’ second answer is in line with that finding: do your job in a way that serves others, not just yourself. He told graduates that for the greatest happiness, it does not matter if their job is fun all the time or whether it fixes the world. Instead, deeper satisfaction comes from work that can make a difference in the lives of some. And serving others comes from how you do your job, not whether you work in an bank, put roofs on houses or raise children as a fulltime mother. 12. What is the common problem of the two suggestions in paragraph 2? A. They are fancy but impractical. B. They fail to meet financial needs. C. They set people to hate their jobs. D. They may ruin young people’s life. 13. What do the underlined words “Don’t cut corner” indicate in paragraph 4? A. Finish your work at the end of the day. B. Pursue big job titles for your job happiness. C. Invest in your work to increase your income. D. Work hard with excellence to gain satisfaction. 14. What is the main idea of paragraph 5? A. Put others first whenever possible. B. Positive relationships develop in fun jobs. C. Deeper satisfaction comes from serving others. D. Types of jobs determine the difference one makes. 15. What is the happiness formula at work according to Brooks? A. Love your work and save the world. B. Earn your success and provide services. C. Make differences and live to the fullest. D. Stay excellent and make wise investments. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Desire for success is a basic human nature. But hurdles are bound to come up on the way to success, discouraging you from your goal. ____16____ Here are some ways that may help you to be diligent and write your own success story. First of all, having a clear vision is essential to be diligent in life. If you are not clear about what you want to achieve in life, you will lose direction, motivation and enthusiasm in life. ____17____ So if you want to gain diligence, you should make an effort to define your vision. ____18____ Proper planning enables us to turn most of the goals into reality without regrets in later part of life. Having a plan in advance, though, does not mean that you have to plan from start to finish. It means you should know in which direction you are heading. Moreover, excuses are not going to keep you away from regrets in your later life. If you delay diligence because of your family responsibility, it simply means your goals are not in your priority list, which is why excuses are coming. ____19____. Finally, diligence is not the birthright of some privileged people but an option. ____20____. Otherwise, you might unconsciously develop the habit of not being serious about bigger tasks as well. So now is the right time to start striving to be diligent in everything you do and ensure your success. A. You have to be brave when encountering hurdles. B. On the other hand, if you are, you will stay diligent. C. You need to practice diligence even for the smallest task. D. In fact, only those who are diligent can overcome them. E. Diligence is the application of persistent effort on a task. F. It is of the same importance to have a specific plan beforehand. G. So follow your dreams with no excuse to live a happy and successful life. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Community ovens are a centuries-old tradition worldwide. There are actually records going back to the 12th century when home ovens were not ____21____. The community ovens were places where people chatted together while their food was ____22____. Fast forward to today, Brickyard Bakery has ____23____ the unique approach. It ____24____ to bake cakes for customers and provides them with a warm place to stay while their cakes, which ____25____ take four or more hours to bake, are in the oven. It’s reported that due to the increasing cost of fuel, many individuals cannot ____26____ to leave their ovens on that long. Owner Ed Hamilton-Trewhitt told the BBC, “We’ve ____27____ the idea of a community oven from ancient times. People can ____28____ their cake base (胚) at home. But ____29____ being baked in their own ovens, it can be _____30_____ to our bakery for a large amount of baking.” “It struck me that if one was _____31_____ about the energy costs of baking the Christmas cake, there would be lots more out there _____32_____ the same situation,” he added. “In the big picture, it costs me so little but makes a massive _____33_____. ” The response to this attempt has been so _____34_____ that Hamilton-Trewhitt has provided the _____35_____ until right before Christmas. After all, that’s what being a good neighbor is all about. 21. A. reliable B. available C. safe D. useful 22. A. saved B. shared C. displayed D. cooked 23. A. witnessed B. suggested C. adopted D. advertised 24. A. offers B. fails C. declines D. happens 25. A. exactly B. hardly C. typically D. occasionally 26. A. afford B. wait C. fear D. refuse 27. A. challenged B. explained C. removed D. reintroduced 28. A. bake B. prepare C. cut D. enjoy 29. A. instead of B. regardless of C. due to D. as for 30. A. returned B. delivered C. sold D. lent 31. A. excited B. curious C. upset D. certain 32. A. accustomed to B. devoted to C. satisfied with D. faced with 33. A. difference B. profit C. decision D. development 34. A. direct B. positive C. complex D. timely 35. A. food B. fuel C. recipe D. service 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The art of seal engraving (篆刻) is a foundation of China’s fine arts. It has been _____36_____ inseparable part of classic Chinese art. In September 2009, China’s seal-engraving art _____37_____(add) to the list of UNESCO’s items of intangible cultural heritage. Seal-engraving art, _____38_____(date) back to the Shang Dynasty, has a history of more than 3,000 years. The art form developed rapidly during the Qin dynasty, _____39_____ people engraved their names on utensils (器具) and in documents to claim ownership. Soon after Qinshihuang unified China, he ordered craftsmen to use jade to make an imperial seal called “Xi”. Not until the Ming Dynasty did artists and scholars begin using seals engraved with their names _____40_____(mark) the ownership of their calligraphies and paintings. In 1904, Xiling Seal Engravers’ Society was founded with the _____41_____(combine) efforts of seal artists from different schools and places _____42_____ it was the first of its kind in China. Today seals are still _____43_____ wide use in official documents and private letters. With engraved seals gaining worldwide _____44_____ (appreciate) in recent years, an increasing number of people _____45_____ (become) fascinated with the items. 第四部分 基础语言运用（共三节，满分25分） 第一节（每小题1分，满分5分） 选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子。有两个单词为多余词。 enthusiasm access adapt judge destroy impress apply 46. I bought my son a(n) ________ for children of a play by Shakespeare. 47. Your working life lasts an average of forty years, so it’s important to find a job you like and feel ________ about. 48. As a matter of fact, the beauty of nature here made a deep ________ on me. 49. ________ from her last email, they had a wonderful time in Paris. 50. Due to the ________ of this medical technology, some diseases can be treated at an early stage. 第二节（每小题1分，满分10分） 根据句意和所给汉语提示，用适当的英文短语完成句子。 51. Friends are people who support you ________________ (不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 52. You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, _______ in height or getting left far behind. (蹿个儿) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 53. Most people assume that regular exercise ________ (创造奇迹) for the body and mind. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 54. Some such experience as this lies _______ _______ for us when we begin the study of literature.（等待，即将发生）（根据汉语提示完成句子） 55. It immediately ________________ (被想到，浮现在脑中) her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 56. In the globalized world, diseases can spread ________________ (到处) via international travel and trade. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 57. The smog in the air has given me a cough that I can’t ________________ (摆脱，丢弃). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 58. JustDance is a website _________________ (属于) all dance lovers. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 59. The hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to ________________ (释放) rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 60. The first movement starts quietly, but ________________ (突然) the whole orchestra breaks into an energetic theme. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 第三节（每小题1分，满分10分） 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 61. But this friendship is worth _________ (save): eight years is a long time! （所给词的适当形式填空） 62. Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water ________ (lose) to sweat. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63. There are many ways to greatly increase agricultural ______________ (efficient) in the poorer areas of the world . (所给词适当形式填空) 64. One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that ________(hide) from his eyes before. (所给词的适当形式填空) 65. The forest’s different levels support an ________ (believe) variety of wildlife. (所给词的适当形式填空) 66. Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, ________ the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large. （用适当的词填空） 67. As we all know, the older one gets, the ________ (precious) time becomes to him. (所给词的适当形式填空) 68. Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, was said ________(invent) tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. (所给词的适当形式填空) 69. Some pre-school children go to a daycare center, ________ they learn simple games and songs（用适当的词填空） 70. Central Asia is a fragile region, politically weak but ________ (strategic) important. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第五部分：写作（共一节，满分15分） 第一节：应用文与作（满分15分） 71. 假设你是李华，听闻《中国日报》（China Daily）为了宣传中国传统文化，正在招募志愿者向海外介绍中国著名历史文化景点，你很想参加本次宣传活动，请你就此事给报社写一封英文申请信，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.自荐理由； 3.申请参与。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir/Madam, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 盐城市亭湖高级中学2023-2024学年度 第二学期高一年级期末模拟考试 英语试卷 （本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷选择题和第Ⅱ卷非选择题两大部分，试卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟） 第一部分：听力（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman mean? A. She refuses to buy new curtains (窗帘). B. She accepts Susie’s suggestion. C. She objects to moving the bed. 2. What did the woman and her sister often do during summer vacations? A. They flew kites. B. They watched TV. C. They camped in the field. 3. How does the man sound? A. Grateful. B. Caring. C. Scared. 4. Where does the man intend to go this evening? A. To a bar. B. To the woman’s house. C. To a supermarket. 5. What might Barbara be? A. A reporter. B. A travel blogger. C. A web designer. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How many rooms does the woman book? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 7. Which of the following does the woman need? A. A pick-up service. B. Parking coupons (券). C. Wake-up calls. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the woman say about Alisa? A. She is responsible. B. She is reserved. C. She is sociable. 9. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Who is the best candidate (候选人) for promotion. B. Who will be transferred (转移) to the branch office. C. Who can chair the meeting in the afternoon. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What makes the woman different today? A. The lipstick. B. The glasses. C. The haircut. 11. Who will go to Hawaii next month? A. Emily. B. Emma. C. Alex. 12. What did the man plan to do tonight? A. Do some shopping. B. Take exercise. C. Eat out. 13. How will the woman go home? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By subway. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why is Shakespeare-style writing mentioned in the conversation? A. To show the difference between AI and the human brain. B. To state writers’ worry caused by ChatGPT. C. To indicate the charm (魅力) of ChatGPT. 15 What is Bard? A. A game. B. A chatbot. C. A tech company. 16. What is Satya Nadella’s attitude towards ChatGPT? A. Ambiguous (不明确). B. Approving. C. Critical. 17. What does the man suggest doing in the era of AI? A Being adaptive and using AI fully. B. Developing one’s own creativity. C. Avoiding heavy reliance on AI. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is Nadine Hamdy in charge of? A. Mapping out marketing strategies. B. Teaching dogs to swim. C. Giving a show to pet owners. 19. What do we know about Adam Kilani? A. He has a three-year-old pet dog. B. He is from Matrouh Governorate. C. He found pleasure in learning pet care. 20. What did Lina Kamal attach importance to? A. The benefits of hosting various events in tourist resorts. B. The promotion of the culture of pet ownership. C. The protection of homeless animals. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。 A New York Pass — Attraction Guide & Planner Do you ever worry that you've missed something when you travel? With The New York Pass app, you won't miss a thing.Discover New York's famous attractions and lesser-known sights at the touch of a button. Access, travel guides and maps make exploration effortless. And savings on the gate price and beyond means more money to spend on experiencing the city. Choose from 1, 2,3,5, 7 or 10 day pass to suit your travel plans. Already bought your pass? Simply sync (同步) your pass to the app and scan at your first attraction to activate (激活). Enjoy free entry to over 100 top New York attractions. In the app you'll find inspiring information to help make the choice easier. What to enjoy on the app Itineraries (行程） Get inspiration from our tailored itineraries or build your own to help you make the most of the city. There's something for everyone, including New York in a Day, Museum Mile or even something unique. Special Offers See the world-famous New York Knicks play, enjoy Broadway shows and save with store and dining discounts. Interactive Map Explore New York effortlessly. Use the interactive map to locate the attractions near you. Sync your pass. Plan your trip. Enjoy stress-free sightseeing and save as you see. Download for free today. 1. What should you do to activate the app? A. Visit over 100 top New York attractions. B. Discover attractions at the touch of a button. C. Plan stress-free sightseeing from a tour guide. D. Sync your pass and scan at your first attraction. 2. Which of the following is the benefit of using the app? A. Purchasing a one-week pass. B. Building a route suited to you. C. Enjoying discounts on any item. D. Missing some lesser-known sights. 3. Who is the text mainly intended for? A. Fans of plays or shows. B. Tourists to New York. C. Lovers of new technology. D. Tour guides in New York. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了纽约通行证app的作用，鼓励人们下载该应用程序。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Already bought your pass? Simply sync (同步) your pass to the app and scan at your first attraction to activate.(已经买了你的通行证？只需将您的通行证同步到应用程序，并在您的第一个景点扫描激活)”可知，如果已经买了你的纽约通行证，只需要将通行证与应用程序同步，在你的第一个景点扫描就可以激活。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Itineraries (行程)部分中的介绍“Get inspiration from our tailored itineraries or build your own to help you make the most of the city.(从我们定制的行程中获取灵感，或者创建您自己的行程，帮助您充分游览这座城市)”可知，使用这个应用程序，你可以创建一条适合你的行程路线。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。文章第一段提到“Do you ever worry that you've missed something when you travel? With The New York Pass app, you won't miss a thing. Discover New York's famous attractions and lesser-known sights at the touch of a button. Access,travel guides and maps make exploration effortless.(你有没有担心过你在旅行时错过了什么？有了纽约通行证应用，你不会错过任何东西。点击按钮，你就可以了解纽约的著名景点和鲜为人知的景点。访问，旅游指南和地图使探索毫不费力)”可推知，这篇文章是为到纽约的游客写的。故选B。 B A man sat at a metro station in Washington D.C. and started to play the violin; it was a cold January morning. He played six pieces for about 45 minutes. During that time, since it was rush hour, 1,100 people went through the station, most of them on their way to work. Three minutes went by, and a middle-aged man noticed there was musician playing. A few minutes later, someone leaned against the wall to listen to him. They stopped for a few seconds, and then hurried up to meet their schedule. The one who paid the most attention was a 3-year-old boy. His mother followed him along, hurried, but the kid stopped to look at the violinist. Finally, the mother pushed hard, and the child continued to walk, turning his head all the time. This was repeated by several other children. All the parents, without exception, forced them to move on. In the 45 minutes the musician played, only 6 people stopped and stayed for a while. About 20 gave him money, but continued to walk their normal pace. He collected $32. When he finished playing and silence took over, no one noticed it. No one applauded（鼓掌）, nor was there any recognition. No one knew this, but the violinist was Joshua Bell, one of the most talented musicians in the world. He had just played one of the most beautiful pieces ever written, on a violin worth 3.5 million dollars. Two days before his playing in the subway, Joshua Bell sold out at a theatre in Boston where the seats averaged $100. This is a real story. Joshua Bell’s playing in the metro station was organized by the Washington Post as part of a social experiment. One of the possible conclusions from this experience could be: If we do not have a moment to stop and listen to one of the best musicians in the world playing the best music ever written, how many other things are we missing? 4. Why did few people stop to listen to Joshua Bell playing? A. People were in a hurry. B. They were not interested in music. C. It was too cold in the subway. D. The performance was not good enough. 5. What did the parents do when children stopped to look at the violinist? A. They would applaud for the performance. B. They would urge them to continue walking. C. They would stop to enjoy the music. D. They would give him some money. 6. Why did Joshua Bell play in the metro station? A. To make more money. B. To practise his skills in playing music. C. To made an advertisement for his concert. D. To find out people’s reaction under such a circumstance. 7. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To tell us the importance of music. B. To show us how to play music. C. To set us to think about our life. D. To report a subway performance. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。通过记叙一次社会实验以及结论，告诉人们需要停下来思考生活，否则会错过很多东西。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由文第二段最后一句“They stopped for a few seconds, and then hurried up to meet their schedule.”（他们停留了几分钟，然后就匆忙投入到自己日常繁忙的行程中）可知，人们很匆忙，故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。由文第三段最后一句“All the parents, without exception, forced them to move on.”（无一例外，所有的父亲都逼着孩子离开）可知，父母催促孩子离开，故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。由前六段叙述了人们的反应以及由第七段最后一句“Joshua Bell’s playing in the metro station was organized by the Washington Post as part of a social experiment.”（Joshua Bell在地铁拉小提琴是华盛顿邮报组织的一次社会实验的一部分）可知，约书亚·贝尔会在地铁站表演是为了看看人们在这种情况下的反应，故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。由文最后一段“One of the possible conclusions from this experience could be: If we do not have a moment to stop and listen to one of the best musicians in the world playing the best music ever written, how many other things are we missing?”（实验的一个可能的结论之一是：如果我们无法停留片刻去听世界上最好的小提琴家之一演奏有史以来最好的音乐，我们会错过多少其他的东西呢？）可知，作者想要表达的是人们需要停下来思考生活，否则会错过很多东西，故选C项。 C Comfort food makes a person feel good. Food high in sugar or fat tends to improve mood by stimulating the brain’s reward system. So it makes sense that many of us may turn to food for comfort in times of stress. There’s some fascinating research that examines food as a source of comfort. However, the most interesting thing about this research may be that foods are far less comforting than we tend to believe they are. Traci Mann, a professor of psychology, and colleagues conducted a series of studies with college students. The researchers examined how much comfort foods actually improve mood. They provided students with one of the three foods that they had indicated were their top, personal comfort foods. After producing a negative mood by having them watch movie clips designed to increase their sadness, anger and anxiety, the researchers offered the students their comfort food. They had to assess (评估) how they felt before and after they were supposedly comforted by ice cream, pizza or whatever they had indicated they typically ate to feel better. All of the students completed the study on two separate occasions: once when they were able to eat their comfort food and once when they were able to eat another food they liked, but they wouldn’t call a comfort food. The researchers found that comfort food did improve students’ moods — but only by a little bit and not more than the other food they liked. In another study, comfort food was compared to no food at all, and students’ moods seemed to improve even when they didn’t eat anything — most likely just due to the passage of time. The take-home message from the studies? While the comfort food may make the person feel better for the time being, it does little to address emotional problems. Of course, everyone can indulge (纵情) in a comfort food from time to time, but overall, aim for these instances to be the exception rather than the rule. 8. Which aspect of comfort food do Traci Mann’s studies focus on? A. The means by which it affects mood. B. Its role in reducing negativity. C. The extent to which it lifts mood. D. Its impact on physical health. 9. How were the studies carried out? A. By comparison. B. By observation. C. By analysis. D. By collecting data. 10. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. To explain a rule. B. To introduce a concept. C. To present a fact. D. To make a suggestion. 11. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Feeling Negative? Try Comfort Food B. Comfort Food May Not Do Wonders C. The Science behind Comfort Food D. Comfort Food Tends to Be Unhealthy 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了实验表明，安慰食物并不像人们相信的那样对情绪有很好的改善作用。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers examined how much comfort foods actually improve mood.”（研究人员调查了安慰食物实际上能改善多少情绪。）可知，Traci Mann和同事们的研究着眼于安慰食物对提升情绪的程度。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“They had to assess (评估) how they felt before and after they were supposedly comforted by ice cream, pizza or whatever they had indicated they typically ate to feel better. All of the students completed the study on two separate occasions: once when they were able to eat their comfort food and once when they were able to eat another food they liked, but they wouldn’t call a comfort food.”（他们必须评估他们在吃冰淇淋、披萨或任何他们认为能让他们感觉更好的东西之前和之后的感觉。所有的学生都在两个不同的情况下完成了这项研究：一次是当他们能够吃到他们喜欢的食物时，另一次是当他们能够吃到另一种他们喜欢的食物时，但他们不会称之为安慰食物。）和第四段“In another study, comfort food was compared to no food at all, and students’ moods seemed to improve even when they didn’t eat anything—most likely just due to the passage of time.”（在另一项研究中，将安慰食物与不吃食物进行比较，学生们的情绪似乎有所改善，即使他们不吃任何东西——很可能只是由于时间的推移。）可知，研究是通过给学生们不同的食物，并对他们吃东西前后的情绪进行对比来进行的。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“While the comfort food may make the person feel better for the time being, it does little to address emotional problems. Of course, everyone can indulge (纵情) in a comfort food from time to time, but overall, aim for these instances to be the exception rather than the rule.”（虽然安慰食物可能会让人暂时感觉好一些，但它对解决情绪问题几乎没有作用。当然，每个人都可以偶尔放纵一下，但总的来说，这些都是例外，而不是规则。）可知，本段告知读者安慰食物可能会让人暂时感觉好一些，但它对解决情绪问题几乎没有作用，因此缓解情绪应该选择一些别的方法。故推断文章最后一段是作者想要给读者们提出建议，不要过度依赖于安慰食物来解决情绪问题。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, the most interesting thing about this research may be that foods are far less comforting than we tend to believe they are.”（然而，这项研究最有趣的地方可能是，食物远没有我们想象的那样能安慰人。）和最后一段“While the comfort food may make the person feel better for the time being, it does little to address emotional problems.”（虽然安慰食物可能会让人暂时感觉好一些，但它对解决情绪问题几乎没有作用。）及全文内容可知，本文主要表明了安慰食物可能无法改善人们的情绪，不能产生奇迹。B选项“Comfort Food May not Work Wonders”（安慰食物可能不会产生奇迹）能够概括文章主旨，为最佳标题。故选B。 D Arthur Brooks, who teaches hundreds of anxious Harvard students how to be happy, has a happiness formula (配方), and he doesn’t think young people hear it enough. When delivering the speech at the Catholic University on Saturday, Brooks warned new graduates against two common but terrible pieces of advice. One is to go find a job you love, and you’ll never work a day in your life; the other is you should save the world. To the first, he claimed it’s a great way to ruin youngsters’ life. He explained that expecting a job to be fun all the time is too ideal, which will set people up to hate any job, especially when the work unavoidably becomes difficult and not fun. As to the second, Brooks responded, “To expect one’s day job to solve the world’s various problems is another factor for disappointment in reality.” Some may guess that the actual cause for job satisfaction are money, fame, power and admiration. However, Brooks never agrees with them. He has put forward his two answers to finding happiness at work. The first key, according to Brooks, is what he calls earned success. For Brooks, happiness at work is not determined by your job title or income but the investment you put into your day. Put simply, “Don’t cut corner.” Brooks said, “What matters is that at the end of the day, you can say, you did your work with efforts and excellence.” Some experts agree that positive relationships at work are a necessary ingredient for job satisfaction. Brooks’ second answer is in line with that finding: do your job in a way that serves others, not just yourself. He told graduates that for the greatest happiness, it does not matter if their job is fun all the time or whether it fixes the world. Instead, deeper satisfaction comes from work that can make a difference in the lives of some. And serving others comes from how you do your job, not whether you work in an bank, put roofs on houses or raise children as a fulltime mother. 12. What is the common problem of the two suggestions in paragraph 2? A. They are fancy but impractical. B. They fail to meet financial needs. C. They set people to hate their jobs. D. They may ruin young people’s life. 13. What do the underlined words “Don’t cut corner” indicate in paragraph 4? A. Finish your work at the end of the day. B. Pursue big job titles for your job happiness. C. Invest in your work to increase your income. D. Work hard with excellence to gain satisfaction. 14. What is the main idea of paragraph 5? A. Put others first whenever possible. B. Positive relationships develop in fun jobs. C. Deeper satisfaction comes from serving others. D. Types of jobs determine the difference one makes. 15. What is the happiness formula at work according to Brooks? A. Love your work and save the world. B. Earn your success and provide services. C. Make differences and live to the fullest. D. Stay excellent and make wise investments. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本篇是议论文。Arthur Brooks 在给哈佛大学毕业生做演讲时，提醒大 家不要相信两个常见却糟糕的建议：1. 找到你所热爱的工作，这样你就会觉得工作非 常轻松；2. 拯救世界。同时，他提出了能让人真正收获职业幸福感的建议：1. 通过努力而非走捷径，以获取成功；2. 为他人服务，不管是做何种工作。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“To the first, he claimed it’s a great way to ruin youngsters’ life. He explained that expecting a job to be fun all the time is too ideal”（对于第一个问题，他声称这是毁掉年轻人生活的好方法。他解释说，期望一份工作一直都很有趣是太理想化了）和“To expect one’s day job to solve the world’s various problems is another factor for disappointment in reality.”（指望一个人的日常工作能解决世界上的各种问题，这是现实中令人失望的另一个因素。）可知，这两条建议的共同问题是不切实际，故选 A。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。第四段第二句提到“For Brooks, happiness at work is not determined by your job title or income but the investment you put into your day.”（对布鲁克斯来说，工作中的快乐不是由你的职位或收入决定的，而是由你每天的投入决定的。）以及最后一句提到“What matters is that at the end of the day, you can say, you did your work with efforts and excellence.”（重要的是，在一天结束的时候，你可以说，你努力地、出色地完成了工作。）努力、出色地完成了任务说明在一天的工作中的是非常认真、非常投入，因此可以使一个人在工作中获得快乐，如果一个人在工作中摸鱼，不好好工作可能不会让人感到成就感或者满足感。划线部分“Don’t cut corner.”意为“不要偷工减料”，即要努力出色地工作以获得满足感。D项符合文意。故选D。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。第五段第一、二句提到“Some experts agree that positive relationships at work are a necessary ingredient for job satisfaction. Brooks’ second answer is in line with that finding: do your job in a way that serves others, not just yourself. ”（一些专家认为，积极的工作关系是工作满意度的必要因素。布鲁克斯的第二个答案与这一发现一致:以服务他人的方式工作，而不仅仅是为自己服务。）以及第四句提到“Instead, deeper satisfaction comes from work that can make a difference in the lives of some. ”（相反，更深层的满足感来自于能够改变一些人生活的工作。为他人服务取决于你的工作方式。）可知，一些为人服务的，能够改变别人生活的工作往往能够带来更深层次的满足感。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。第三段最后一句提到“He has put forward his two answers to finding happiness at work.”（他提出了在工作中寻找快乐的两个答案。）该句引出后文中Brooks对于在工作中寻找快乐的方式。第四段第一句提到“The first key, according to Brooks, is what he calls earned success.”（根据布鲁克斯的说法，第一个关键是他所谓的“赢得的成功”。）第五段第二句提到“Brooks’ second answer is in line with that finding: do your job in a way that serves others, not just yourself. ”（布鲁克斯的第二个答案与这一发现一致：以服务他人的方式工作，而不仅仅是为自己服务。）由此判断，Brooks认为的“快乐公式”第一要“赢得成功”，第二要服务他人。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Desire for success is a basic human nature. But hurdles are bound to come up on the way to success, discouraging you from your goal. ____16____ Here are some ways that may help you to be diligent and write your own success story. First of all, having a clear vision is essential to be diligent in life. If you are not clear about what you want to achieve in life, you will lose direction, motivation and enthusiasm in life. ____17____ So if you want to gain diligence, you should make an effort to define your vision. ____18____ Proper planning enables us to turn most of the goals into reality without regrets in later part of life. Having a plan in advance, though, does not mean that you have to plan from start to finish. It means you should know in which direction you are heading. Moreover, excuses are not going to keep you away from regrets in your later life. If you delay diligence because of your family responsibility, it simply means your goals are not in your priority list, which is why excuses are coming. ____19____. Finally, diligence is not the birthright of some privileged people but an option. ____20____. Otherwise, you might unconsciously develop the habit of not being serious about bigger tasks as well. So now is the right time to start striving to be diligent in everything you do and ensure your success. A. You have to be brave when encountering hurdles. B. On the other hand, if you are, you will stay diligent. C. You need to practice diligence even for the smallest task. D. In fact, only those who are diligent can overcome them. E. Diligence is the application of persistent effort on a task. F. It is of the same importance to have a specific plan beforehand. G. So follow your dreams with no excuse to live a happy and successful life. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了每个人都渴望成功，但成功的路上必然会遇到障碍，只有勤奋的人才能克服障碍。作者给出了一些方法可以帮助人们变得勤奋，最后实现成功。 【16题详解】 根据上文“But hurdles are bound to come up on the way to success, discouraging you from your goal.”（但是，在通往成功的道路上必然会遇到障碍，阻碍你实现目标。）以及下文“Here are some ways that may help you to be diligent and write your own success story.”（这里有一些方法可以帮助你变得勤奋，让你书写自己的成功故事。）可知，这里缺少一个承上启下的句子。D项中的them指代前文中的hurdles，然后句中又指出只有diligent可以克服这些障碍，刚好起着承上启下的作用。D. In fact, only those who are diligent can overcome them.（事实上，只有那些勤奋的人才能克服它们。）符合语境。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“First of all, having a clear vision is essential to be diligent in life. If you are not clear about what you want to achieve in life, you will lose direction, motivation and enthusiasm in life.”（首先，在生活中，有一个清晰的愿景是勤奋必不可少的因素。如果你不清楚自己想要在生活中实现什么，你就会失去生活的方向、动力和热情。）可知，首先要有个明确的目标，才有勤奋努力的方向。B项中的On the other hand与上文形成对比， if you are省略了clear about what you want to achieve in life。所以B. On the other hand, if you are, you will stay diligent. （相反，如果清楚自己想要在生活中实现什，你会保持勤奋。）符合语境。故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Proper planning enables us to turn most of the goals into reality without regrets in later part of life. Having a plan in advance, though, does not mean that you have to plan from start to finish. It means you should know in which direction you are heading.”（适当的计划能让我们把大部分的目标变成现实，在以后的生活中没有遗憾。提前制定计划并不意味着你必须从头到尾都计划好。这意味着你应该知道你要朝哪个方向前进。）可知，空格处为总写句，指出提前做个计划非常重要。F项It is of the same importance to have a specific plan beforehand.（事先有一个具体的计划也是同样重要的。）符合语境。故选F项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Moreover, excuses are not going to keep you away from regrets in your later life. If you delay diligence because of your family responsibility, it simply means your goals are not in your priority list, which is why excuses are coming.”（此外，借口并不能让你在以后的生活中远离遗憾。如果你因为家庭责任而推迟了勤奋，这仅仅意味着你的目标不在你的优先列表中，这也由此产生了借口。）可知，借口是成功路上的绊脚石，所以空格处为这一段的总结，告诉人们在追求成功的路上不要找借口。G. So follow your dreams with no excuse to live a happy and successful life.（所以，追随你的梦想吧，不要找借口，去过幸福成功的生活。）符合语境。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“Otherwise, you might unconsciously develop the habit of not being serious about bigger tasks as well.”（否则，你可能会无意识地养成不认真对待大任务的习惯。）句中Otherwise表示否则，C项中的small和下文的bigger形成鲜明的对比。C. You need to practice diligence even for the smallest task.（你需要练习勤奋，即使是最小的任务。）符合语境。故选C项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Community ovens are a centuries-old tradition worldwide. There are actually records going back to the 12th century when home ovens were not ____21____. The community ovens were places where people chatted together while their food was ____22____. Fast forward to today, Brickyard Bakery has ____23____ the unique approach. It ____24____ to bake cakes for customers and provides them with a warm place to stay while their cakes, which ____25____ take four or more hours to bake, are in the oven. It’s reported that due to the increasing cost of fuel, many individuals cannot ____26____ to leave their ovens on that long. Owner Ed Hamilton-Trewhitt told the BBC, “We’ve ____27____ the idea of a community oven from ancient times. People can ____28____ their cake base (胚) at home. But ____29____ being baked in their own ovens, it can be _____30_____ to our bakery for a large amount of baking.” “It struck me that if one was _____31_____ about the energy costs of baking the Christmas cake, there would be lots more out there _____32_____ the same situation,” he added. “In the big picture, it costs me so little but makes a massive _____33_____. ” The response to this attempt has been so _____34_____ that Hamilton-Trewhitt has provided the _____35_____ until right before Christmas. After all, that’s what being a good neighbor is all about. 21. A. reliable B. available C. safe D. useful 22 A. saved B. shared C. displayed D. cooked 23. A. witnessed B. suggested C. adopted D. advertised 24. A. offers B. fails C. declines D. happens 25. A. exactly B. hardly C. typically D. occasionally 26. A. afford B. wait C. fear D. refuse 27. A. challenged B. explained C. removed D. reintroduced 28. A. bake B. prepare C. cut D. enjoy 29. A. instead of B. regardless of C. due to D. as for 30. A. returned B. delivered C. sold D. lent 31. A. excited B. curious C. upset D. certain 32. A. accustomed to B. devoted to C. satisfied with D. faced with 33. A. difference B. profit C. decision D. development 34. A. direct B. positive C. complex D. timely 35. A. food B. fuel C. recipe D. service 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Brickyard面包店沿用了古老的社区烤箱的想法，给人们提供了可以边聊天边烤食物的服务，这也帮助节省了顾客烘烤的燃料费用。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，有记录可以追溯到12世纪，当时还没有家用烤箱。A. reliable可依靠的；B. available可用的，可获得的；C. safe安全的；D. useful有用的。根据上文中的“Community ovens are a centuries-old tradition worldwide.(社区烤箱是全世界有数百年历史的传统。)”和空前的“records going back to the 12th century when home ovens were not”可知，社区烤箱有上百年历史，它能追溯到12世纪，当时没有家用烤箱。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：社区烤炉是人们在烤食物时一起聊天的地方。A. saved节省；B. shared分享；C. displayed展示；D. cooked煮（或烘烤、煎炸等）。根据句中的“The community ovens”和下文中的“bake cakes”可知，社区烤箱给人们提供边聊天边烤食物的场所。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：快进到今天，Brickyard面包店采用了这种独特的方法。A. witnessed目睹；B. suggested建议；C. adopted采用；D. advertised做广告。根据空后的“the unique approach”和下文中的“It ____4____to bake cakes for customers and provides them with a warm place to stay while their cakes, which ____5____take four or more hours to bake, are in the oven.”可知，Brickyard面包店采用了社区烤箱这种独特的方法。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它为顾客提供烤蛋糕的服务，并为他们提供一个可以待的温暖地方，同时让他们在烤箱里烤蛋糕，通常需要四个或更多小时。A. offers主动提出，提供；B. fails失败，未能；C. declines下降；D. happens发生。根据空后的“to bake cakes for customers and provides them with a warm place to stay ”可知，Brickyard面包店为顾客提供烤蛋糕的服务。且下文“that Hamilton-Trewhitt has provided ”也是提示。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. exactly精确地；B. hardly几乎不；C. typically通常，一般；D. occasionally偶尔。根据空后的“take four or more hours to bake”并结合常识可知，烤蛋糕通常需要四个或更多小时。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：据报道，由于燃料成本的增加，许多人无法承受烤箱开那么久。A. afford买得起，负担得起；B. wait等待；C. fear害怕；D. refuse拒绝。根据句中的“due to the increasing cost of fuel”可知，由于燃料成本上升，许多个人支付不起开太久烤箱的燃料费用。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们重新引入了旧时社区烤箱的想法。A. challenged向……挑战；B. explained解释；C. removed移开；D. reintroduced再次使用，重新引入。根据上文中的“Fast forward to today, Brickyard Bakery has ____3____the unique approach.”可知，Brickyard面包店采用了社区烤箱这种古老的做法，也就是重新引入了这种传统想法。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们可以在家里准备蛋糕胚。A. bake烘烤；B. prepare准备；C. cut切，割；D. enjoy喜爱。根据空后的“their cake base (胚) at home”和下文中的“it can be ____10____to our bakery for a large amount of baking”可知，顾客可以在家准备好蛋糕胚，然后在面包店烘烤。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：但不是在自己的烤箱里烤制，而是可以送到我们的面包店进行大量烘焙。A. instead of而不是；B. regardless of不管；C. due to由于；D. as for至于。“being baked in their own ovens”和“it can be ____10____to our bakery for a large amount of baking”之间是替代关系，这里是说可以在面包店大量烘焙，而不是在家里的烤箱烘焙。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. returned返回；B. delivered运载，交付；C. sold卖；D. lent借出。根据空后的“to our bakery”可知，这里表示把蛋糕胚拿到面包店里烤制。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他补充道：“我突然想到，如果有人对烤圣诞蛋糕能源成本感到烦恼，那么外面还会有更多人面临同样的情况。”A. excited兴奋的；B. curious好奇的；C. upset失望，难过，烦恼的；D. certain肯定的。根据空后的“about the energy costs of baking the Christmas cake”和上文中的“due to the increasing cost of fuel, many individuals cannot ____6____to leave their ovens on that long”可知，这里表示对烤圣诞蛋糕的高昂能源成本感到烦恼。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. accustomed to习惯于；B. devoted to致力于；C. satisfied with满意；D. faced with面对。根据空后的“the same situation”可知，这里表示有更多人面临着同样的情况。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：总的来说，它花费我很少，但却产生了巨大的影响。A. difference差异，不同；B. profit利润；C. decision决定；D. development发展。结合前文提到社区烤箱不仅可以节约个人开销还可以把社区的居民集中到一起可知，这里是说社区烤箱这种服务能够产生巨大影响。make a difference意为“起作用，有影响”。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对这一尝试的反应是如此积极，以至于Hamilton-Trewhitt一直提供这项服务，直到圣诞节前。A. direct直接的；B. positive积极的；C. complex复杂的；D. timely及时的。根据句中的“Hamilton-Trewhitt has provided the ____15____until right before Christmas”可知，Hamilton-Trewhitt一直提供这项服务，直到圣诞节前，由此可知，人们对社区烤箱的反应非常积极。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. food食物；B. fuel燃料；C. recipe食谱；D. service服务。根据上文中的“It ____4____to bake cakes for customers and provides them with a warm place to stay while their cakes, which ____5____take four or more hours to bake, are in the oven.”可知，社区烤箱是Brickyard面包店提供的烘焙服务。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The art of seal engraving (篆刻) is a foundation of China’s fine arts. It has been _____36_____ inseparable part of classic Chinese art. In September 2009, China’s seal-engraving art _____37_____(add) to the list of UNESCO’s items of intangible cultural heritage. Seal-engraving art, _____38_____(date) back to the Shang Dynasty, has a history of more than 3,000 years. The art form developed rapidly during the Qin dynasty, _____39_____ people engraved their names on utensils (器具) and in documents to claim ownership. Soon after Qinshihuang unified China, he ordered craftsmen to use jade to make an imperial seal called “Xi”. Not until the Ming Dynasty did artists and scholars begin using seals engraved with their names _____40_____(mark) the ownership of their calligraphies and paintings. In 1904, Xiling Seal Engravers’ Society was founded with the _____41_____(combine) efforts of seal artists from different schools and places _____42_____ it was the first of its kind in China. Today seals are still _____43_____ wide use in official documents and private letters. With engraved seals gaining worldwide _____44_____ (appreciate) in recent years, an increasing number of people _____45_____ (become) fascinated with the items. 【答案】36. an 37. was added 38. dating 39. when 40. to mark 41. combined 42. and 43. in 44. appreciation 45. have become 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的篆刻艺术。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它一直是中国古典艺术不可分割的一部分。part为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且inseparable发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2009年9月，中国篆刻艺术被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。根据时间状语“In September 2009”可知，此处为一般过去时，China’s seal-engraving art和add为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was added。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：篆刻艺术可以追溯到商代，距今已有3000多年的历史。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词has，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，Seal-engraving art和date为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填dating。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这种艺术形式在秦朝迅速发展，当时人们把自己的名字刻在器具和文件上，以表明所有权。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the Qin dynasty，在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：直到明代，艺术家和学者才开始使用刻有自己名字的印章来标记他们的书法和绘画的所有权。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to mark。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：1904年，在全国各地篆刻家的共同努力下，成立了西陵篆刻家协会，这是中国第一个篆刻家协会。空处需填形容词combined，作定语，修饰名词efforts。故填combined。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意同上。上文“在全国各地篆刻家的共同努力下，成立了西陵篆刻家协会”和下文“这是中国第一个篆刻家协会”之间是并列关系，需用连词and连接。故填and。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：今天，印章在官方文件和私人信件中仍然广泛使用。be in use为固定搭配，意为“在使用中”。故填in。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：近年来，随着镌刻印章在世界范围内的流行，越来越多的人对这些物品着迷。空处作宾语，需填名词appreciation，此处为不可数名词。故填appreciation。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态。句意同上。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为“an increasing number of people”，助动词用have。故填have become。 第四部分 基础语言运用（共三节，满分25分） 第一节（每小题1分，满分5分） 选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子。有两个单词为多余词。 enthusiasm access adapt judge destroy impress apply 46. I bought my son a(n) ________ for children of a play by Shakespeare. 47. Your working life lasts an average of forty years, so it’s important to find a job you like and feel ________ about. 48. As a matter of fact, the beauty of nature here made a deep ________ on me. 49. ________ from her last email, they had a wonderful time in Paris. 50. Due to the ________ of this medical technology, some diseases can be treated at an early stage. 【答案】46. adaptation 47. enthusiastic 48. impression 49. Judging 50. application 【解析】 【46题详解】 考查名词。句意：我给儿子买了一本为儿童改编的莎士比亚戏剧。此处需要一个名词表示“改编本”，因此使用 adapt的名词adaptation，作bought的直接宾语。故填adaptation。 【47题详解】 考查形容词。句意：你的职业生涯平均持续四十年，所以找到一个你喜欢并感兴趣的工作很重要。根据句意，此处需要一个形容词表示“非常感兴趣的、充满热情的”，因此使用enthusiasm的形容词enthusiastic，作表语。故填enthusiastic。 【48题详解】 考查名词。句意：事实上，这里大自然的美景给我留下了深刻的印象。根据句意，此处需要一个名词表示“印象”，因此使用impress的名词impression，作made的宾语，make a deep impression“给人留下深刻印象”。故填impression。 【49题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：从她最近一封电子邮件判断，他们在巴黎度过了一段美好时光。根据句意，此处需要一个非谓语动词形式表示“判断”，因此使用judge的现在分词judging，judging from“从……判断”为固定搭配。故填Judging。 【50题详解】 考查名词。句意：由于这项医疗技术的应用，一些疾病可以在早期得到治疗。根据句意，此处需要一个名词表示“应用”，因此使用apply的名词application，作Due to的宾语。故填application。 第二节（每小题1分，满分10分） 根据句意和所给汉语提示，用适当的英文短语完成句子。 51. Friends are people who support you ________________ (不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】through thick and thin 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：朋友是不管艰难险阻都会支持你的人。根据中文提示可知，表示“不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦”应用through thick and thin，为介词短语，在本句中作状语。故填through thick and thin。 52. You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, _______ in height or getting left far behind. (蹿个儿) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】shooting up 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：你可能会感到焦虑，因为你的发展速度与你的朋友不同，身高猛蹿或被远远甩在后面。根据汉语提示可知短语为shoot up，与逻辑主语you构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填shooting up。 53. Most people assume that regular exercise ________ (创造奇迹) for the body and mind. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】does wonders 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：大多数人认为有规律的锻炼对身心有神奇的作用。根据汉语提示可知，空处可用动词短语do wonders表示“创造奇迹，产生奇效”，此处描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语是不可数名词，do需用第三人称单数形式。故填does wonders。 54. Some such experience as this lies _______ _______ for us when we begin the study of literature.（等待，即将发生）（根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】 ①. in ②. store 【解析】 【详解】考查短语。句意；当我们开始学习文学时，这样的经历就在我们面前。in store等待，即将发生。结合汉语提示及句意，作状语。故填in store。 55. It immediately ________________ (被想到，浮现在脑中) her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】occurred to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：她立刻想到这是海啸即将来临的征兆。结合句意可知，此处为固定句型It occurs to sb. that...，根据从句中were判断主句应用一般过去时。故填occurred to。 56. In the globalized world, diseases can spread ________________ (到处) via international travel and trade. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】far and wide 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：在全球化的世界里，疾病可以通过国际旅行和贸易广泛传播。根据中文提示可知，表示“到处”应用far and wide，为固定短语，在本句中作状语。故填far and wide。 57. The smog in the air has given me a cough that I can’t ________________ (摆脱，丢弃). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】get rid of 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。表示“摆脱，丢弃”用固定搭配get rid of，位于情态动词can’t后，用动词原形。故填get rid of。 58. JustDance is a website _________________ (属于) all dance lovers. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】belonging to 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：JustDance是一个属于所有舞蹈爱好者的网站。根据提示的汉语，表示“属于”应为belong to，分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，belong to与所修饰词website之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填belonging to。 59. The hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to ________________ (释放) rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】let loose 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：热辣的味道足以温暖隆冬的寒夜，或在夏日的午后让人汗流如注。结合“rivers of sweat”可知，“释放”可用动词短语let loose，且此处用be enough to do表示“足够做某事”，let应用原形。故填let loose。 60. The first movement starts quietly, but ________________ (突然) the whole orchestra breaks into an energetic theme. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】all of a sudden 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：第一乐章静静地开始，但突然整个管弦乐队进入了一个充满活力的主题。“突然”应用固定短语all of a sudden，作修饰整个句子的状语，表示这件事发生的迅速、突然且出乎预料。故填all of a sudden。 第三节（每小题1分，满分10分） 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 61. But this friendship is worth _________ (save): eight years is a long time! （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】saving 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但这段友谊是值得保存的：八年是一段很长的时间！be worth doing为固定短语，表示“值得做某事”，空处应为动名词，故填saving。 62. Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water ________ (lose) to sweat. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】lost 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：锻炼过程中别忘了喝水，以弥补出汗损耗的水分。动词lose和water之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填lost。 63. There are many ways to greatly increase agricultural ______________ (efficient) in the poorer areas of the world . (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】efficiency 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：有许多方法可以大大提高世界上较贫穷地区的农业效率。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，efficient的名词为efficiency，且为不可数名词。故填efficiency。 64. One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that ________(hide) from his eyes before. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was hidden 【解析】 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：读它的人能够看到以前他眼睛所看不到的美。分析句意可知，空格处应该为定语从句谓语动词，因为先行词the beauty“美丽”和hide“隐藏”构成被动关系，且有时间状语before“在...之前”，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was hidden。 65. The forest’s different levels support an ________ (believe) variety of wildlife. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】unbelievable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：森林的不同层次孕育着令人难以置信的各种野生动物。此处使用形容词unbelievable“令人难以置信的”，作前置定语，修饰名词variety。故填unbelievable。 66. Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, ________ the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】despite 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管目前灾区死亡人数为7人，受伤人数超过200人，但只有5名学生受轻伤。名词the current figures前用介词形式，且表示转折，所以用介词despite。结合句意，故填despite。 67. As we all know, the older one gets, the ________ (precious) time becomes to him. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】more precious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：众所周知，一个人年龄越大，时间对他来说就越宝贵。分析句子可知，这里考查“the 比较级 ……, the 比级 ……”，表示“越……，越……”，为固定句型，所以此空应用形容词比较级。故填more precious。 68. Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, was said ________(invent) tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to have invented 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式的完成式。句意：据说，13世纪的道家张三峰是从蛇和鸟之间的战斗中汲取灵感后发明了太极拳。根据句意，张三丰先从蛇和鸟之间的战斗中汲取灵感，然后发明了太极拳，表示过去发生的事对现在的影响，故用完成时(have done)。根据句子结构，表示“据说做某事”，故用be said to do sth.，设空处应用不定式。结合时态，故用不定式的完成式，故填to have invented。 69. Some pre-school children go to a daycare center, ________ they learn simple games and songs（用适当的词填空） 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一些学龄前儿童去日托中心，在那里他们学习简单的游戏和歌曲。根据句子结构分析可知，此处为连词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为daycare center，先行词在从句中充当地点状语，因此需使用关系副词where。故填where。 70. Central Asia is a fragile region, politically weak but ________ (strategic) important. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】strategically 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：中亚是一个脆弱的地区，政治上很弱，但战略上很重要。修饰形容词important应用副词strategically，故填strategically。 第五部分：写作（共一节，满分15分） 第一节：应用文与作（满分15分） 71. 假设你是李华，听闻《中国日报》（China Daily）为了宣传中国传统文化，正在招募志愿者向海外介绍中国著名历史文化景点，你很想参加本次宣传活动，请你就此事给报社写一封英文申请信，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.自荐理由； 3.申请参与。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir/Madam, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam, I’m so excited to hear that China Daily is in need of some volunteers to introduce Chinese culture overseas that I can’t wait to apply for the position. As a citizen, it’s my responsibility to make Chinese historical and cultural attractions known to the whole world. In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it’s easy for me to get along well with others. Last but not least, I have been to numerous famous scenic spots and my hometown is a famous historical and cultural city, where I often act as a volunteer tour guide to show foreign tourists around, from which I’ve gained relevant experience. So, I firmly believe that I’m the very person you’re looking for. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration and reply at your earliest convenience. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封申请信，申请成为《中国日报》宣传活动的志愿者，内容包括：写信目的；自荐理由；申请参与。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 兴奋的：excited→thrilled 责任：responsibility→duty 与……和睦相处：get along well with→get on well with/be on good terms with 考虑：take…into consideration→take…into account 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it’s easy for me to get along well with others. 拓展句：In addition, with an outgoing and open-minded personality, it’s easy that I can get along well with others. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m so excited to hear that China Daily is in need of some volunteers to introduce Chinese culture overseas that I can’t wait to apply for the position.(使用了so…that…引导结果状语从句，不定式分别作原因状语、目的状语、宾语) 【高分句型2】Last but not least, I have been to numerous famous scenic spots and my hometown is a famous historical and cultural city, where I often act as a volunteer tour guide to show foreign tourists around, from which I’ve gained relevant experience. (使用了第一个and连接并列句、where引导非限制性定语从句、不定式作目的状语、from which引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$