精品解析：福建省漳州市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

漳州市2023-2024学年 （下） 期末高中教学质量检测 高一英语试题 考试时间120分钟； 满分150分 注：每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the woman probably going to do this weekend? A. Visit Mr. Green. B. Go on a field trip. C. Study for a test. 2. Where are the speakers? A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom. 3. What is the probable relationship between Jim and Bob? A. Classmates. B. Close friends. C. Twin brothers. 4. What is the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. The man's parents. B. The man's daily life. C. The man's family rules. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Who called the woman this morning? A. Mr. Williams. B. Ms. Parker. C. Mr. Harris. 7. What will the woman do next? A. Make a call. B. Attend a meeting. C. Confirm her appointment. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How many students are there in the camp? A. 10. B.15. C.25.1 9. What activity did Tom like best about the camp? A. Calligraphy. B. Folk dancing. C. Chinese Kung Fu. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. Why does Gina come here? A. To meet a friend. B. To apply for a job. C. To do some shopping. 11. What does Ivan think of his present job? A. Tiring. B. Exciting. C. Relaxing. 12. How long does Ivan work on Saturday? A.9 hours. B. 10 hours. C. 12 hours. 13. What do the speakers decide to do? A. Have a meal. B. Work together. C. Attend a course. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is Kevin? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A librarian. 15. When will the speakers go to the museum? A. At 1:30. B. At 2:00. C. At 2:30. 16. How will the speakers go there? A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car. 17. Where will the speakers meet? A. In front of the bookstore. B. Beside the cinema. C. At a bus stop. 听第10段材料， 回答第18至20题。 18. How far is it from Lakeside to the zoo? A. About 20 miles. B. About 40 miles. C. About 60 miles. 19. What is the advice for the first-time visitors? A. To take a bus tour. B. To take pictures. C. To visit their favorite spots first. 20. What do we know about the zoo? A. It is far away from the city center. B. Visitors have to walk to the panda area. C. There is no time limit in visiting the zoo. 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There’s nothing quite like a good road trip, is there? What better way to explore a new part of the world, see the sights and get to experience magical scenery on your way? But which roads are the most popular? Here are some of the roads whose photos are most frequently posted on Facebook. Wild Atlantic Way One thousand six hundred miles long, the Wild Atlantic Way crosses much of Ireland’s west coast. With views over the Atlantic Ocean, this winding road is home to amazing natural rock formations like the Cliffs of Moher and Slieve League. Abbey Road Home to perhaps the most famous image in the music world — the Beatles album (歌曲专辑) cover — Camden’s Abbey Road is near the Lord’s Cricket Ground. It’s one of the few roads on this list that doesn’t feature because of its driving charm! Great Ocean Road 150 miles across Australia’s south-easterly coast, the Great Ocean Road is an incomparable drive for any road trip lovers. Built between 1919 and 1932 by Australian soldiers on their return from the First World War, it is also the world’s largest war memorial (纪念碑). Carretera Austral This 770-mile road provides access to Chilean Patagonia and has a variety of scenery to enjoy, from the vast rainforest to the hanging glacier in Queulat National Park. So, if you’re looking for the perfect photo of a road (or road trip) to take your Facebook feed (动态) to the next level, you can follow our advice. Next step — booking your flight and finding a rental car. If you’re lucky enough to live near one of these roads, be sure to make the most of it! 1. If one is interested in studying rocks, which road trip can he take? A. Wild Atlantic Way. B. Abbey Road. C. Great Ocean Road. D. Carretera Austral. 2. What is special about the Great Ocean Road? A. Its fascinating views. B. Its cultural attraction. C. Its historic significance. D. Its unique location. 3. Where is the text likely from? A. A news story. B. A travel magazine. C. A construction report. D. A geography textbook. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是Facebook上最常发布照片的一些道路。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Wild Atlantic Way”部分中的“With views over the Atlantic Ocean, this winding road is home to amazing natural rock formations like the Cliffs of Moher and Slieve League.(在这条蜿蜒的道路上，可以看到大西洋的景色，这里有令人惊叹的天然岩层，比如莫赫悬崖和斯莱夫联盟悬崖。)”可知，在Wild Atlantic Way，拥有令人惊叹的天然岩层；，由此可知，如果对研究岩石感兴趣，可以选择Wild Atlantic Way。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Great Ocean Road”部分中的“Built between 1919 and 1932 by Australian soldiers on their return from the First World War, it is also the world’s largest war memorial (纪念碑).(它建于1919年至1932年之间，由澳大利亚士兵在第一次世界大战归来时建造，也是世界上最大的战争纪念碑。)”可知，Great Ocean Road是由澳大利亚士兵在第一次世界大战归来时建造，也是世界上最大的战争纪念碑；由此可知，Great Ocean Road的特别之处在于它的历史意义。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据首段中的“There’s nothing quite like a good road trip, is there? What better way to explore a new part of the world, see the sights and get to experience magical scenery on your way? But which roads are the most popular?(没有什么比公路旅行更美妙的了，不是吗?还有什么更好的方式来探索世界的一个新的部分，看风景，体验神奇的风景在你的路上?)”可知，本文介绍的是和公路旅行相关，所以本文应选自于旅行杂志。故选B项。 B If you travel to the US and Egypt and forget to tip the hotel staff, it’s possible that you experience a rather awkward reaction. Similarly, if you give table staff a little extra money after a meal in France or Japan, then you’ll probably receive a similar response. Do the same in Argentina and you may even find yourself in trouble with the police — it’s illegal. Not knowing where and who to tip in different countries can be something causing social trouble. But travel search site We go has now constructed an easy-to-follow infographic (信息图) showing where and when to tip when travelling abroad. According to the infographic, no tipping should ever happen in Argentina, Japan Oman, Yemen and France. In Austria, Brazil, Netherlands, Russia, Chile, South Africa an Turkey, tipping is expected after eating in a restaurant, unless service charge in included. Tipping is left up to the customer in countries including the UK, Norway, Spain, Denmark and Germany. Deciding whether to leave a tip in these countries depends on the quality of service or experience. “In the US, low pay earners in the service industry depend on tipping to increase their income, but in Romania, tips are often declined even if the servers may be also in need of the extra earnings,” explains Joachim Holte, Chief Marketing Officer for We go. However, it seems that tipping traditions are changing throughout the world as more people travel abroad. Australia and New Zealand don’t have a history of tipping, yet travellers who are unaware of this fact have heightened some expectations from service staff. If you haven’t done your homework before you go, remember you can always ask what the custom is from hotel staff. Most people will appreciate you taking the time to find out, and it’s a good way to avoid some very unpleasant situations. 4. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. We must turn to the infographic when tipping. B. The search site easily constructed an infographic. C. The amount of tipping varies from country to country. D. We should be careful with tipping in different countries. 5. What may have an effect on tipping in Denmark? A. National laws. B. Dinner costs. C. Servers’ performances. D. Customers’ incomes. 6. What does the underlined word “declined” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Expected. B. Refused. C. Doubled. D. Spent. 7. What probably causes the change in tipping traditions? A. Influences from foreign cultures. B. Demands of the service industry. C. The introduction of the infographic. D. The desire to avoid awkward situations. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同国家的小费文化和习俗，以及随着人们出国旅行的增多，小费传统在全球范围内发生的变化。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you travel to the US and Egypt and forget to tip the hotel staff, it’s possible that you experience a rather awkward reaction. Similarly, if you give table staff a little extra money after a meal in France or Japan, then you’ll probably receive a similar response. Do the same in Argentina and you may even find yourself in trouble with the police — it’s illegal.(如果你去美国和埃及旅行，却忘记给酒店员工小费，那么你可能会遇到一些尴尬的反应。同样地，如果你在法国或日本用餐后给服务员一点额外的小费，那么你可能会收到类似的反应。但如果你在阿根廷这样做，你可能会遇到警察的麻烦——因为在那里，这是非法的。)”和文章第二段“Not knowing where and who to tip in different countries can be something causing social trouble.(在不同的国家，不知道在哪里给谁小费可能会引发社会问题。)”可知，我们可以从这两段中得出结论，我们应该在不同国家的小费问题上小心谨慎。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Tipping is left up to the customer in countries including the UK, Norway, Spain, Denmark and Germany. Deciding whether to leave a tip in these countries depends on the quality of service or experience.(在英国、挪威、西班牙、丹麦和德国等国家，是否给小费取决于顾客自己。在这些国家，是否给小费取决于服务或体验的质量。)”可知，在丹麦等国家，是否给小费取决于服务的质量或体验，即服务员的表现会影响小费的多少。因此，服务员的表现会对丹麦的小费产生影响。故选C。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“In the US, low pay earners in the service industry depend on tipping to increase their income(在美国，服务行业的低收入者依靠小费来增加收入)”和“but”可知，罗马尼亚的服务员通常会拒绝小费，即使他们也需要额外的收入。由此可知，declined意为“拒绝”。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“However, it seems that tipping traditions are changing throughout the world as more people travel abroad. Australia and New Zealand don’t have a history of tipping, yet travellers who are unaware of this fact have heightened some expectations from service staff.( 然而，随着越来越多的人出国旅行，世界各地的小费传统似乎正在发生变化。澳大利亚和新西兰并没有小费的历史，但不知情的旅行者却对服务人员产生了一些过高的期望。)”可推知，外国文化的影响可能是导致小费传统变化的原因之一。故选A。 C According to the great German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, you have the potential (潜能) for greatness inside of you, but like most people, you will probably let it be destroyed by your own laziness. And just as it’s important not to spend all of our time in comfort, it’s also important not to spend it working too hard. You might argue that progress can be achieved through slavishness (苦干). But does it make any sense to achieve progress if it’s not enjoyable and if it doesn’t lead us to our potential? If we focus on progress simply for the progress itself, we may fail to live the meaningful life we are truly seeking. The solution to this problem, then, lies in the middle between laziness and slavishness. I call that middle joyful productivity (生产力). It’s about spending your energy in a way that allows you to make meaningful progress each day and avoid the disasters of laziness. As Adam Smith wrote in The Wealth of Nations, “…by reducing every man’s business to one simple operation, and by making this operation the only employment of his life, necessarily increases the skillfulness of the workman.” In his opinion, when you concentrate all of your attention on one area of expertise (专长), you can become a master in it. And when you become a master in that area, you can create things of value, thus promoting your productivity. And how do you pick a single area of expertise? It should be something that you are really interested in, because only then will you be able and willing to spend the huge amount of time and effort it takes to become a master in any field. The end of both laziness and slavishness begins with the discovery of your passions (热爱). Examine the things that caught your interest ever since you were a child before the world told you what you had to care about. The way forward lies within the examination of those early interests. 8. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Slavishness isn’t a good way to make progress. B. Comfort doesn’t contribute to a meaningful life. C. You can enjoy your life only by making progress. D. Slavishness helps develop one’s greatest potential. 9. In The Wealth of Nations Adam Smith stresses the significance of _______. A. increasing workmen B. focusing on one specific field C mastering working skills D. creating valuable things 10. What is the function of the question in paragraph 5? A To show the author’s confusion. B. To excite readers’ comment. C. To express an opposite opinion. D. To introduce the next topic. 11. What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph? A. Care about the world. B. Treasure their childhood. C. Find their true passion. D. Prevent laziness. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了要在懒惰和过度苦干之间找到平衡，追求有意义的生产力和自我实现。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“And just as it’s important not to spend all of our time in comfort, it’s also important not to spend it working too hard. You might argue that progress can be achieved through slavishness (苦干). But does it make any sense to achieve progress if it’s not enjoyable and if it doesn’t lead us to our potential? If we focus on progress simply for the progress itself, we may fail to live the meaningful life we are truly seeking.(就像我们不应该把所有的时间都花在舒适上一样，我们也不应该把所有的时间都花在工作上。你可能会争辩说，通过苦干可以取得进步。但是，如果进步并不令人愉快，也不能引导我们发挥自己的潜能，那么这种进步有意义吗？如果我们仅仅为了进步本身而追求进步，我们可能会失去我们真正想要的有意义的生活。)”可知，第二段主要讲述了苦干不是一种好的进步方式。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“As Adam Smith wrote in The Wealth of Nations, “…by reducing every man’s business to one simple operation, and by making this operation the only employment of his life, necessarily increases the skillfulness of the workman.”(正如亚当·斯密在《国富论》中所写的那样，“将每个人的工作减少到一个简单的操作，并使这个操作成为他一生的唯一职业，必然会提高工匠的熟练程度。”)”可知，他强调了在某一特定领域专注的重要性。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“And how do you pick a single area of expertise? It should be something that you are really interested in, because only then will you be able and willing to spend the huge amount of time and effort it takes to become a master in any field.(那你如何选择一个专业领域呢？它应该是你真正感兴趣的东西，因为只有这样，你才能并愿意投入大量的时间和精力，成为任何领域的佼佼者。)”可知，在第五段中，作者通过提问“你如何选择一个专业领域？”来引导读者思考，并为下一段引入新的主题做铺垫。因此，该问题的功能是引入下一个话题。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The end of both laziness and slavishness begins with the discovery of your passions (热爱). Examine the things that caught your interest ever since you were a child before the world told you what you had to care about. The way forward lies within the examination of those early interests.(懒惰和苦干的终结始于你激情的发现。审视一下自从你还是个孩子以来就引起你兴趣的事情，那时世界还没有告诉你该关心什么。前进的道路在于审视这些早期的兴趣。)”可知，作者建议人们要找到自己的真正激情。故选C。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有丙项为多余选项。 How to live a longer and healthier life We’re all going to get old — but what if we could live a longer, happier and healthier life? ____12____ We’ve asked some experts to find out the changes that can have the biggest impact on our health, happiness and longevity. Here are the three areas you can really make difference. Socialising Having friends can be just as important to living longer as giving up smoking. Keep in mind best friends don’t occur overnight. ____13____ Therefore, putting time to existing relationships is important. Don’t be upset if you don’t find a best friend in a short time. Being patient and not expecting too much too soon can be helpful. What you eat First, don’t eat too much, so you keep a reasonable weight. It’s also important to watch your protein. Don’t eat too much protein, but you should eat more if you’re older to avoid muscle weakness. Another point you need to pay attention to is the intake of salt and sugar, which are mostly found in processed foods. Last, up the plant food. ____14____ Move your body You need to keep your muscle strength. This means that you can get out of a chair easily. Cross your arms and get out of your chair. ____15____ If it’s only two or three times, do it every day and see if you can build your muscles up. Regular aerobic (有氧的) exercise is also beneficial. Basically it means anything that increases your heart rate and get your lungs going. For example, when you’re going for a newspaper or walking the dog, go at a proper speed. ____16____ A. This is where science can help. B. Aerobic exercise is not for all ages. C. See how many times you can do it in 30 seconds. D. That’s looking after your heart and also your brain. E. Five servings of fruit and vegetables a day, if possible. F. Relationships take time and effort to develop and keep. G. Just as we need to be socially active, we need to be physically active. 【答案】12. A 13. F 14. E 15. C 16. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何活得更长寿、更健康的建议。 【12题详解】 根据空前的“We’re all going to get old — but what if we could live a longer, happier and healthier life?(我们都会变老，但我们该如何能活得更长久、更快乐、更健康呢？)”可知，此处提出问题，该如何活的更久、更快乐、更健康；结合空后的“We’ve asked some experts to find out the changes that can have the biggest impact on our health, happiness and longevity.(我们请了一些专家来找出对我们的健康、幸福和长寿影响最大的变化。)”可知，专家找出了对我们健康、幸福和长寿影响最大的变化；由此可知，此空应是对空前内容做出的回答；A选项“This is where science can help.(这就是科学可以提供帮助的地方。)”中的this指代的为空前的内容，且其中的science与空后的“experts”相关。故选A项。 【13题详解】 根据空前的“Keep in mind best friends don’t occur overnight.(记住，最好的朋友不是一夜之间形成的。)”可知，好朋友形成是需要时间的；结合空后的“Therefore, putting time to existing relationships is important.(因此，花时间在现有的关系上是很重要的。)”可知，此处讲述的是如何维护好朋友关系；F选项“Relationships take time and effort to develop and keep.(关系的发展和维持需要时间和努力。)”讲述的内容是对空前内容的进一步阐述，且与空后的内容为因果关系，符合逻辑，relationships为解题关键信息。故选F项。 14题详解】 根据本段的主题句“What you eat(你吃什么)”可知，本段主要介绍的是饮食相关；根据空前的“Last, up the plant food.(最后，增加植物性食物。)”可知，此处讲述的饮食与植物相关；E选项“Five servings of fruit and vegetables a day, if possible.(如果可能的话，每天吃五份水果和蔬菜。)”讲述的“fruit and vegetables”与饮食相关，且与空前的“plants food”一致。故选E项。 【15题详解】 根据本段的主题句“Move your body(移动你的身体)”可知，本段介绍的是运动相关；根据空前的“Cross your arms and get out of your chair.(双臂交叉，从椅子上起来。)”可知，此处建议做一个具体的动作；结合空后的“If it’s only two or three times, do it every day and see if you can build your muscles up.(如果只有两到三次，每天都做，看看你是否能锻炼出肌肉。)”可知，如果只能做两到三次，建议每天都做，由此可知，此空应与做该动作的情况相关；C选项“See how many times you can do it in 30 seconds.(看看你在30秒内能做多少次。)”中的it指代的为空前的动作，且与空后的“it’s only two or three times”内容相关，符合语境。故选C项。 【16题详解】 根据空前的“Basically it means anything that increases your heart rate and get your lungs going. For example, when you’re going for a newspaper or walking the dog, go at a proper speed.(基本上，它指的是任何能加快你的心率和肺活量的运动。例如，当你去买报纸或遛狗时，以适当的速度走。)”可知，此处指的是加强有氧运动对心肺的影响；D选项“That’s looking after your heart and also your brain.(这是在照顾你的心脏和大脑。)”中的That指代的事空前的“going for a newspaper or walking the dog”，且“your heart”空前提到的“your heart rate”内容相关，符合语境。故选D项。 第三部分 语言运用 （共三节，满分45分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Once a teacher prided herself on giving practical examples to explain something when a student didn’t understand it the first time. However, her approach was ____17____ when she was teaching math to six-year-olds. The exercise was ____18____ : the teacher asked each child to name their favorite fruit and then ____19____ a certain amount of that fruit. When it was John’s ____20____, the teacher asked, “If I give you one orange and another orange and another orange, how many oranges will you have in your bag?” John confidently replied, “Four.” The teacher was surprised. She tried again, but this time she used her ____21____ to count along with him. John looked at her three fingers, his bag and then her ____22____ face before hesitantly (犹豫) answering, “Four.” The teacher, remembering John also ____23____ strawberries, decided to use them as a(n) ____24____. This time John counted carefully and replied with a hesitant smile, “Three.” The teacher smiled as she ____25____ that her new approach was successful. Then she went back to the _____26_____ example — oranges. Seeing the teacher happy, the boy replied _____27_____, “Four.” The teacher, slightly angry, asked, “How? Tell me how four?” John, in a _____28_____ voice, replied, “Because I already have one orange in my bag.” This was the day the teacher learned one more valuable _____29_____; what you think you know is not always _____30_____ . Sometimes, you have to look at the problem from a different _____31_____ to understand why something is the way it is or why someone said what they said. 17. A. achieved B. challenged C. admired D. discovered 18. A. special B. striking C. tough D. simple 19. A. pick up B. eat up C. add up D. gather up 20. A. right B. turn C. responsibility D. chance 21. A. fingers B. pens C. fruit D. bag 22. A. embarrassed B. satisfied C. disappointed D. excited 23. A. tasted B. loved C. saw D. bought 24. A. example B. treat C. prize D. contrast 25. A. realized B. claimed C. admitted D. expected 26. A. third B. successful C. similar D. former 27. A. suddenly B. secretly C. slowly D. immediately 28. A. sad B. sharp C. low D. serious 29. A. lesson B. subject C. approach D. case 30. A. complete B. correct C. important D. common 31. A. result B. time C. position D. topic 【答案】17. B 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位老师通过教学经历学到的一个重要教训：我们自认为知道的东西并不总是正确的，有时需要从不同的角度去看待问题，以真正理解事物的本质或他人的观点。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当她教6岁的孩子数学时，她的方法受到了挑战。A. achieved实现，获得；B. challenged向……挑战；C. admired钦佩；D. discovered发现。根据上文“Once a teacher prided herself on giving practical examples to explain something when a student didn’t understand it the first time.”和“However”可知，这位老师的教学方法收到了挑战。故选B。 【18题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个练习很简单：老师让每个孩子说出他们最喜欢的水果的名字，然后把一定数量的水果加起来。A. special特别的；B. striking引人注目的；C. tough艰难的；D. simple简单的。根据“the teacher asked each child to name their favorite fruit and then ____3____ a certain amount of that fruit.”可知，老师教的这个练习很简单。故选D。 【19题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. pick up拾起；B. eat up吃完；C. add up把……加起来；D. gather up收集。根据下文“the teacher asked, “If I give you one orange and another orange and another orange, how many oranges will you have in your bag?””可知，此处指把喜欢的水果的数量相加。故选C。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：轮到约翰时，老师问:“如果我给你一个橘子，另一个橘子，再给你一个橘子，你的书包里一共有多少个橘子?”A. right权力；B. turn（依次轮到的）机会；C. responsibility责任；D. chance机会。根据上文“However, her approach was ____1____ when she was teaching math to six-year-olds.”可知，轮到John来回答问题。故选B。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她又试了一次，但这次她用手指和他一起数。A. fingers手指；B. pens钢笔；C. fruit水果；D. bag包。根据下文“John looked at her three fingers”可知，此处是信息词fingers的词汇复现。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：约翰看了看她的三个手指，看了看他的包，又看了看她失望的脸，然后犹豫地回答:“四个。”A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. satisfied满意的；C. disappointed失望的；D. excited兴奋的。根据上文“John confidently replied, “Four.” The teacher was surprised. She tried again”可知，John回答错了，老师感到很失望。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师想起约翰也喜欢草莓，就决定用草莓作例子。A. tasted品尝；B. loved喜爱；C. saw看见；D. bought购买。根据上文“the teacher asked each child to name their favorite fruit”可知，John喜欢草莓。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. example例子；B. treat款待；C. prize奖品；D. contrast对比。根据下文“Then she went back to the ____10____ example”可知，此处是信息词example的词汇复现。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当老师意识到她的新方法很成功时，她笑了。A. realized意识到；B. claimed声称；C. admitted承认；D. expected期待。根据“This time John counted carefully and replied with a hesitant smile, “Three.””可知，John回答正确了，老师意识到新方法很成功。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后她又回到前面的例子——橘子。A. third第三的；B. successful成功的；C. similar相似的；D. former以前的。根据上文““If I give you one orange and another orange and another orange, how many oranges will you have in your bag?””可知，与草莓相比，橘子是之前的例子。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：看到老师很高兴，男孩马上回答:“四个。”A. suddenly突然；B. secretly秘密地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. immediately立刻。根据上文“John confidently replied, “Four.””可知，John对自己之前的答案很自信，因此立刻回答出答案。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：约翰低声回答说:“因为我包里已经有一个橘子了。”A. sad难过的；B. sharp锋利的；C. low低的；D. serious严重的。根据上文“The teacher, slightly angry, asked, “How? Tell me how four?””可知，看到老师生气了，John低声回答老师的询问。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一天，老师又学到了宝贵的一课；你认为你知道的并不总是正确的。A. lesson课，教训；B. subject科目；C. approach方法；D. case案例。根据上文“Because I already have one orange in my bag.”可知，老师听到John的解释，学到了宝贵的教训。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. complete完全的；B. correct正确的；C. important重要的；D. common普通的。根据上文“John, in a ____12____ voice, replied, “Because I already have one orange in my bag.””可知，John结合实际回答老师的问题，答案是正确的，因此老师意识到自己的看法并不总是正确的。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，你必须从不同的角度看问题，才能理解为什么事情是这样的，或者为什么有人会说他们所说的话。A. result结果；B. time时间；C. position位置，观点；D. topic话题。根据“to understand why something is the way it is or why someone said what they said.”可知，想要理解为什么事情是这样的，或者为什么有人会说他们所说的话，必须从不同的角度看问题。故选C。 第二节 单句语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 32. The doctors have found a way ______ (cure) Sarah’s disease. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to cure 【解析】 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：医生们已经找到了治疗萨拉病的方法。此处为非谓语动词作定语，根据a way to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”可知，此处为不定式作定语。故填to cure。 33. The car slowed down while ______ (approach) the crossroads. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】approaching 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：汽车在接近十字路口时减速了。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。根据slowed可知，本句描述过去的事情，while引导的时间状语从句完整句子为while the car was ____ (approach) the crossroads，故本空用approach“接近”的ing形式，与空前的was构成过去进行时。故填approaching。 34. Festivals are occasions ______ allow us to relax and enjoy life. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that##which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：节日是让我们放松和享受生活的场合。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词occasions指的是场合，所以使用that或which。故填that/which。 35. Put the medicine ______ children's reach in case it's taken by mistake. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】beyond 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：把药放在孩子们够不着的地方，以防误服。结合句意可知，此处为固定短语beyond one’s reach意为“够不着”符合句意，所以此处使用介词beyond。故填beyond。 36. I can tell she doesn’t like dogs from the ______(scare) look on her face. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】scared 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：从她害怕的表情我可以看出她不喜欢狗。修饰名词look，指人的表情，需用形容词scared，作定语。故填scared。 37. The success of the task gave him strong ______ (believe) in his own abilities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】belief 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：任务的成功使他对自己的能力有了坚定的信心。此处为名词作宾语，believe的名词为belief意为“信心，信念”，且为不可数名词。故填belief。 38. Many graduates have applied for the job and eight of them ______(select) so far. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】have been selected 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：许多毕业生都申请了这份工作，目前已有8人被选中。根据时间状语“so far”可知，此处为现在完成时，eight of them和select为被动关系，需用被动语态。主语为复数意义，助动词用have。故填have been selected。 39. There are far more ____________(opportunity) for young people than there used to be. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】opportunities 【解析】 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：现在年轻人的机会比过去多得多。根据句中谓语动词are和more可知，用名词的复数形式。故填opportunities。 40. Strong measures should be taken to prevent people from hunting ______(illegal). （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】illegally 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：应该采取有力措施防止人们非法狩猎。设空处使用illegal的副词illegally作状语，修饰动词，意为“非法地”。故填illegally。 41. The stores in the Chinatown offer ______ unique range of souvenirs, goods, and clothing. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】a 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：唐人街的商店提供各种独特的纪念品、商品和服装。a range of为固定搭配，意为“一系列的，各种”。故填a。 第三节 词组填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列句子，选择一个适当的词组填入空白处。 in spite of concerned about now that to be frank figure out result in a feast for the eyes grateful for keep track of in shape 42. He still leads an active life ______ his old age. 43. Tom goes jogging and does push-ups to stay ______. 44. A lack of communication may ______ misunderstanding. 45. ______ her child’s safety, the mother couldn’t fall asleep. 46. ______, the latest work of my favorite writer is a bit boring. 47. The peaceful landscape is such ______ that it is worth visiting. 48. Happy people are always ______ all the good things in their lives. 49. You can use the Internet to ______ important events around the world. 50. It took them about two hours to ______ how to start the new equipment. 51. You have more time to keep your mother company ______ you’ve retired. 【答案】42. in spite of 43. in shape 44. result in 45. Concerned about 46. To be frank 47. a feast for the eyes 48. grateful for 49. keep track of 50. figure out 51. now that 【解析】 【42题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：尽管他年事已高，他仍然过着积极的生活。根据句意及空前“still leads an active life”和空后的“his old age”可知，空处应表达转折，in spite of意为“尽管”，符合语境，表示尽管他年纪大了，但仍然活跃。故填in spite of。 【43题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：汤姆去慢跑并做俯卧撑来保持体形。根据句意及空前“goes jogging and does push-ups”可知，这些活动是为了保持身体健康、体型良好，in shape意为“处于良好状态；身体健康；保持体形”，符合语境。故填in shape。 【44题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：缺乏沟通可能会导致误解。根据句意及空前“A lack of communication”和空后的“misunderstanding”可知，空处应用动词短语来表达“导致”之意，result in意为“导致”，符合语境，表示缺乏沟通可能带来的后果，情态动词may后用动词原形。故填result in。 【45题详解】 考查形容词短语。句意：由于担心孩子的安全，母亲无法入睡。根据句意及空后的“her child’s safety”和“couldn’t fall asleep”可知，空处表达担忧或关心，形容词短语concerned about意为“担心，关心”，符合语境，用来描述母亲的心情，在句中作状语；空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填Concerned about。 【46题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：坦率地说，我最喜欢的作家的最新作品有点无聊。根据句意及空后的“the latest work of my favorite writer is a bit boring”可知，空处应引出评论，to be frank意为“坦率地说”，符合语境，用来表达个人的真实看法；空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填To be frank。 【47题详解】 考查名词短语。句意：宁静的风景如此赏心悦目，值得一游。根据句意及空后的“it is worth visiting”可知，空处应用形容风景美好的短语，a feast for the eyes意为“赏心悦目”，符合语境。故填a feast for the eyes。 【48题详解】 考查形容词短语。句意：快乐的人总是对他们生活中的所有美好事物心存感激。根据句意及空前“Happy people”和空后的“all the good things”可知，空处应表达感激或珍惜，grateful for意为“对……感激”，符合语境，作表语，说明快乐的人常怀感恩之心。故填grateful for。 【49题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：你可以使用互联网来追踪世界各地的重要事件。根据句意及空前“use the Internet”和空后的“important events around the world”可知，空处应用动词短语来表达“追踪，了解动态”，keep track of意为“跟踪，记录”，符合语境，表示通过网络获取信息；不定式符号to后用动词原形。故填keep track of。 【50题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：他们花了大约两个小时才弄清楚如何启动新设备。根据句意及空后的“how to start the new equipment”可知，空处应用动词短语来表达“弄清楚，解决”，figure out意为“想出，理解”，符合语境，表示他们费时弄明白了操作方法，该句结构为It took sb. some time to do sth.，句中It作形式主语，不定式作真正主语，句中不定式符号to后用动词原形。故填figure out。 【51题详解】 考查连词短语。句意：既然你已经退休了，你有更多的时间陪伴你的母亲。根据句意及空前“You have more time”和空后的“you’ve retired”可知，空处应用连词短语来表达因果关系，now that意为“既然”，符合语境，表示因为退休这一事实，所以有了更多陪伴时间。故填now that。 第四部分 写作 （共两节；满分35分） 第一节 英汉互译 （共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 根据提示翻译下列句子。 52 He ran to the bus station only to find the bus had gone. (英译汉) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】他跑到了公交车站，却发现公交车已经快走了。 【解析】 【详解】考查动词不定式和宾语从句。He作主语，意为“他”；ran to意为“跑到”；the bus station为宾语，意为“公交车站”，only to find为动词不定式作结果状语，意为“却发现”，the bus had gone为省略连接词that的宾语从句作find的宾语，意为“公交车已经快走了”。故翻译为：他跑到了公交车站，却发现公交车已经快走了。 53. A visit to the Old Town allows tourists to experience a real taste of local culture. (英译汉) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】游览古城使游客们能体验到真正的当地文化。 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、形容词和名词。A visit to the Old Town为句子主语，意为“到古城的游览”，也就是“游览古城”；allows为句子谓语动词，意为“允许”；tourists作宾语，意为“游客们”；to experience a real taste of local culture为不定式短语作宾补，experience 意为“体验”，real 意为“真正的”作定语修饰名词taste，a taste of local culture为名词短语作宾语，意为“当地文化”，所以，to experience a real taste of local culture意为“体验到真正的当地文化”。故翻译为：游览古城使游客们能体验到真正的当地文化。 54. 我突然想到我没有关灯。（occur) （汉译英） ________________________________________________________ 【答案】It occurred to me that I didn’t turn off the light(s)##It occurred to me that I hadn’t turned off the light(s) ##It occured to me that I (had) left the light(s) on. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和动词时态。表示“某人突然想到……”可以使用固定句型it occured to sb (that)...，该结构中it为形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，此处表示过去事实，故使用一般过去时；表示“我没有关灯”，“灯”在此处即可以为单数也可以为复数，故用I didn’t turn off the light(s)；或者表示动作发生在过去之前，故使用过去完成时的否定结构即 I hadn’t turned off the light(s)；或者使用I (had) left the light(s) on，此处on为形容词，意为“开着的”，作宾补。故答案为It occurred to me that I didn’t turn off the light(s)或者It occurred to me that I hadn’t turned off the light(s)或者 It occured to me that I (had) left the light(s) on. 55. 我与我的朋友们有很多的共同点。（common) （汉译英） ________________________________________________________ 【答案】I have/share a lot much/a great deal in common with my friends. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配和动词时态。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；表示“我”应用I；表示“与……有共同点”应用have/share in common with，主语为I，谓语动词用原形；表示“很多的”应用a lot much/a great deal；表示“我的朋友”应用my freiends。故翻译为：I have/share a lot much/a great deal in common with my friends. 56. 站在窗户旁边的那个女生是我的同学。(-ing 形式当后置定语) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】The girl standing by/near/beside the window is my classmate. 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词。根据句意，表示“那个女生”应为the girl作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“站在窗户旁边的”应为stand by/near/beside the window，根据提示以及stand与the girl之间为主动关系可知，此处使用现在分词短语作定语修饰the girl，所以“站在窗户旁边的”应译为standing by/near/beside the window；表示“是”应为be动词，该句描述的为客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，be动词为is；表示“我的同学”应为my classmate作表语。故翻译为The girl standing by/near/beside the window is my classmate. 第二节 书面表达 （满分20分） 57. 假定你是李华。你将代表你校参加一次主题为“Morals and Virtues”的英语演讲赛。请你撰写一篇演讲稿，结合自己的一次善举，谈谈你对儒家思想之“仁”的认识。 注意： 1.写作词数应为100左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇： 儒家思想 Confucianism 仁kindness Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hua. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening! 【答案】Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hua. Today I’d like to talk about my views on kindness, which is promoted as the most important moral value in Confucianism. Last Friday on my way home, I came across a little boy crying in the street. As it turned out, he got separated from his mother in the crowd. Having found he didn’t know his parents’ phone numbers, I took him to the nearest police station and accompanied him until he joyfully reunited with his mother, a scene which brought smiles to everyone’s face. As the saying goes, “Kindness is the golden chain linking society.” If everyone practices kindness in daily life, no doubt we’ll strengthen connection between people, which absolutely helps in building a harmonious society, Thank you for listening! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写一篇演讲稿，代表学校参加一次主题为“Morals and Virtues”的英语演讲赛，结合自己的一次善举，谈谈你对儒家思想之“仁”的认识。 【详解】1.词汇积累 重要的：important→significant 偶遇：come across→run into 陪伴某人：accompany sb.→keep sb. company 加强：strengthen→enhance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last Friday on my way home, I came across a little boy crying in the street. 拓展句：Last Friday on my way home, I came across a little boy who was crying in the street. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Today I’d like to talk about my views on kindness, which is promoted as the most important moral value in Confucianism. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Having found he didn’t know his parents’ phone numbers, I took him to the nearest police station and accompanied him until he joyfully reunited with his mother, a scene which brought smiles to everyone’s face. (运用了现在分词作状语，省略了that的宾语从句，until引导时间状语从句，which引导限制性定语从句) 1-5 CACBC 6-10 BBCAC 11-15 ACAAB 16-20 BAAAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 漳州市2023-2024学年 （下） 期末高中教学质量检测 高一英语试题 考试时间120分钟； 满分150分 注：每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the woman probably going to do this weekend? A. Visit Mr. Green. B. Go on a field trip. C. Study for a test. 2. Where are the speakers? A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom. 3. What is the probable relationship between Jim and Bob? A. Classmates. B. Close friends. C. Twin brothers. 4. What is the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. The man's parents. B. The man's daily life. C. The man's family rules. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Who called the woman this morning? A. Mr. Williams. B. Ms. Parker. C. Mr. Harris. 7. What will the woman do next? A. Make a call. B. Attend a meeting. C. Confirm her appointment. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How many students are there in the camp? A. 10. B.15. C.25.1 9. What activity did Tom like best about the camp? A. Calligraphy. B. Folk dancing. C. Chinese Kung Fu. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. Why does Gina come here? A. To meet a friend. B. To apply for a job. C. To do some shopping. 11. What does Ivan think of his present job? A. Tiring. B. Exciting. C. Relaxing. 12. How long does Ivan work on Saturday? A.9 hours. B. 10 hours. C. 12 hours. 13. What do the speakers decide to do? A. Have a meal. B. Work together. C. Attend a course. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is Kevin? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A librarian. 15. When will the speakers go to the museum? A. At 1:30. B. At 2:00. C. At 2:30. 16. How will the speakers go there? A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car. 17. Where will the speakers meet? A. In front of the bookstore. B. Beside the cinema. C. At a bus stop. 听第10段材料， 回答第18至20题。 18. How far is it from Lakeside to the zoo? A. About 20 miles. B. About 40 miles. C. About 60 miles. 19. What is the advice for the first-time visitors? A. To take a bus tour. B. To take pictures. C. To visit their favorite spots first. 20. What do we know about the zoo? A. It is far away from the city center. B. Visitors have to walk to the panda area. C. There is no time limit in visiting the zoo. 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There’s nothing quite like a good road trip is there? What better way to explore a new part of the world, see the sights and get to experience magical scenery on your way? But which roads are the most popular? Here are some of the roads whose photos are most frequently posted on Facebook. Wild Atlantic Way One thousand six hundred miles long, the Wild Atlantic Way crosses much of Ireland’s west coast. With views over the Atlantic Ocean, this winding road is home to amazing natural rock formations like the Cliffs of Moher and Slieve League. Abbey Road Home to perhaps the most famous image in the music world — the Beatles album (歌曲专辑) cover — Camden’s Abbey Road is near the Lord’s Cricket Ground. It’s one of the few roads on this list that doesn’t feature because of its driving charm! Great Ocean Road 150 miles across Australia’s south-easterly coast, the Great Ocean Road is an incomparable drive for any road trip lovers. Built between 1919 and 1932 by Australian soldiers on their return from the First World War, it is also the world’s largest war memorial (纪念碑). Carretera Austral This 770-mile road provides access to Chilean Patagonia and has a variety of scenery to enjoy, from the vast rainforest to the hanging glacier in Queulat National Park. So, if you’re looking for the perfect photo of a road (or road trip) to take your Facebook feed (动态) to the next level, you can follow our advice. Next step — booking your flight and finding a rental car. If you’re lucky enough to live near one of these roads, be sure to make the most of it! 1. If one is interested in studying rocks, which road trip can he take? A. Wild Atlantic Way. B. Abbey Road. C. Great Ocean Road. D. Carretera Austral. 2. What is special about the Great Ocean Road? A. Its fascinating views. B. Its cultural attraction. C. Its historic significance. D. Its unique location. 3. Where is the text likely from? A. A news story. B. A travel magazine. C. A construction report. D. A geography textbook. B If you travel to the US and Egypt and forget to tip the hotel staff, it’s possible that you experience a rather awkward reaction. Similarly, if you give table staff a little extra money after a meal in France or Japan, then you’ll probably receive a similar response. Do the same in Argentina and you may even find yourself in trouble with the police — it’s illegal. Not knowing where and who to tip in different countries can be something causing social trouble. But travel search site We go has now constructed an easy-to-follow infographic (信息图) showing where and when to tip when travelling abroad. According to the infographic, no tipping should ever happen in Argentina, Japan Oman, Yemen and France. In Austria, Brazil, Netherlands, Russia, Chile, South Africa an Turkey, tipping is expected after eating in a restaurant, unless service charge in included. Tipping is left up to the customer in countries including the UK, Norway, Spain, Denmark and Germany. Deciding whether to leave a tip in these countries depends on the quality of service or experience. “In the US, low pay earners in the service industry depend on tipping to increase their income, but in Romania, tips are often declined even if the servers may be also in need of the extra earnings,” explains Joachim Holte, Chief Marketing Officer for We go. However, it seems that tipping traditions are changing throughout the world as more people travel abroad. Australia and New Zealand don’t have a history of tipping, yet travellers who are unaware of this fact have heightened some expectations from service staff. If you haven’t done your homework before you go, remember you can always ask what the custom is from hotel staff. Most people will appreciate you taking the time to find out, and it’s a good way to avoid some very unpleasant situations. 4. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. We must turn to the infographic when tipping. B. The search site easily constructed an infographic. C. The amount of tipping varies from country to country. D. We should be careful with tipping in different countries. 5 What may have an effect on tipping in Denmark? A. National laws. B. Dinner costs. C. Servers’ performances. D. Customers’ incomes. 6. What does the underlined word “declined” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Expected. B. Refused. C. Doubled. D. Spent. 7. What probably causes the change in tipping traditions? A. Influences from foreign cultures. B. Demands of the service industry. C. The introduction of the infographic. D. The desire to avoid awkward situations. C According to the great German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, you have the potential (潜能) for greatness inside of you, but like most people, you will probably let it be destroyed by your own laziness. And just as it’s important not to spend all of our time in comfort, it’s also important not to spend it working too hard. You might argue that progress can be achieved through slavishness (苦干). But does it make any sense to achieve progress if it’s not enjoyable and if it doesn’t lead us to our potential? If we focus on progress simply for the progress itself, we may fail to live the meaningful life we are truly seeking. The solution to this problem, then, lies in the middle between laziness and slavishness. I call that middle joyful productivity (生产力). It’s about spending your energy in a way that allows you to make meaningful progress each day and avoid the disasters of laziness. As Adam Smith wrote in The Wealth of Nations “…by reducing every man’s business to one simple operation, and by making this operation the only employment of his life, necessarily increases the skillfulness of the workman.” In his opinion, when you concentrate all of your attention on one area of expertise (专长), you can become a master in it. And when you become a master in that area, you can create things of value, thus promoting your productivity. And how do you pick a single area of expertise? It should be something that you are really interested in, because only then will you be able and willing to spend the huge amount of time and effort it takes to become a master in any field. The end of both laziness and slavishness begins with the discovery of your passions (热爱). Examine the things that caught your interest ever since you were a child before the world told you what you had to care about. The way forward lies within the examination of those early interests. 8. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Slavishness isn’t a good way to make progress. B. Comfort doesn’t contribute to a meaningful life. C. You can enjoy your life only by making progress. D. Slavishness helps develop one’s greatest potential. 9. In The Wealth of Nations Adam Smith stresses the significance of _______. A. increasing workmen B. focusing on one specific field C. mastering working skills D. creating valuable things 10. What is the function of the question in paragraph 5? A. To show the author’s confusion. B. To excite readers’ comment. C. To express an opposite opinion. D. To introduce the next topic. 11. What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph? A. Care about the world. B. Treasure their childhood. C. Find their true passion. D. Prevent laziness. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有丙项为多余选项。 How to live a longer and healthier life We’re all going to get old — but what if we could live a longer, happier and healthier life? ____12____ We’ve asked some experts to find out the changes that can have the biggest impact on our health, happiness and longevity. Here are the three areas you can really make difference. Socialising Having friends can be just as important to living longer as giving up smoking. Keep in mind best friends don’t occur overnight. ____13____ Therefore putting time to existing relationships is important. Don’t be upset if you don’t find a best friend in a short time. Being patient and not expecting too much too soon can be helpful. What you eat First, don’t eat too much, so you keep a reasonable weight. It’s also important to watch your protein. Don’t eat too much protein, but you should eat more if you’re older to avoid muscle weakness. Another point you need to pay attention to is the intake of salt and sugar, which are mostly found in processed foods. Last, up the plant food. ____14____ Move your body You need to keep your muscle strength. This means that you can get out of a chair easily. Cross your arms and get out of your chair. ____15____ If it’s only two or three times, do it every day and see if you can build your muscles up. Regular aerobic (有氧的) exercise is also beneficial. Basically it means anything that increases your heart rate and get your lungs going. For example, when you’re going for a newspaper or walking the dog, go at a proper speed. ____16____ A. This is where science can help. B. Aerobic exercise is not for all ages. C. See how many times you can do it in 30 seconds. D. That’s looking after your heart and also your brain. E. Five servings of fruit and vegetables a day, if possible. F. Relationships take time and effort to develop and keep. G. Just as we need to be socially active, we need to be physically active. 第三部分 语言运用 （共三节，满分45分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Once a teacher prided herself on giving practical examples to explain something when a student didn’t understand it the first time. However, her approach was ____17____ when she was teaching math to six-year-olds. The exercise was ____18____ : the teacher asked each child to name their favorite fruit and then ____19____ a certain amount of that fruit. When it was John’s ____20____, the teacher asked, “If I give you one orange and another orange and another orange, how many oranges will you have in your bag?” John confidently replied, “Four.” The teacher was surprised. She tried again, but this time she used her ____21____ to count along with him. John looked at her three fingers, his bag and then her ____22____ face before hesitantly (犹豫) answering, “Four.” The teacher, remembering John also ____23____ strawberries, decided to use them as a(n) ____24____. This time John counted carefully and replied with a hesitant smile, “Three.” The teacher smiled as she ____25____ that her new approach was successful. Then she went back to the _____26_____ example — oranges. Seeing the teacher happy, the boy replied _____27_____, “Four.” The teacher, slightly angry, asked, “How? Tell me how four?” John, in a _____28_____ voice, replied, “Because I already have one orange in my bag.” This was the day the teacher learned one more valuable _____29_____; what you think you know is not always _____30_____ . Sometimes, you have to look at the problem from a different _____31_____ to understand why something is the way it is or why someone said what they said. 17. A. achieved B. challenged C. admired D. discovered 18. A. special B. striking C. tough D. simple 19. A. pick up B. eat up C. add up D. gather up 20. A. right B. turn C. responsibility D. chance 21. A. fingers B. pens C. fruit D. bag 22. A. embarrassed B. satisfied C. disappointed D. excited 23. A. tasted B. loved C. saw D. bought 24. A. example B. treat C. prize D. contrast 25. A. realized B. claimed C. admitted D. expected 26. A. third B. successful C. similar D. former 27. A. suddenly B. secretly C. slowly D. immediately 28. A. sad B. sharp C. low D. serious 29. A. lesson B. subject C. approach D. case 30. A. complete B. correct C. important D. common 31. A. result B. time C. position D. topic 第二节 单句语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 32. The doctors have found a way ______ (cure) Sarah’s disease. (所给词的适当形式填空) 33. The car slowed down while ______ (approach) the crossroads. （所给词的适当形式填空） 34. Festivals are occasions ______ allow us to relax and enjoy life. (用适当的词填空) 35. Put the medicine ______ children's reach in case it's taken by mistake. (用适当的词填空) 36. I can tell she doesn’t like dogs from the ______(scare) look on her face. （所给词的适当形式填空） 37. The success of the task gave him strong ______ (believe) in his own abilities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38. Many graduates have applied for the job and eight of them ______(select) so far. （所给词的适当形式填空） 39. There are far more ____________(opportunity) for young people than there used to be. (所给词的适当形式填空） 40. Strong measures should be taken to prevent people from hunting ______(illegal). （所给词的适当形式填空） 41. The stores in the Chinatown offer ______ unique range of souvenirs, goods, and clothing. （用适当的词填空） 第三节 词组填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列句子，选择一个适当的词组填入空白处。 in spite of concerned about now that to be frank figure out result in a feast for the eyes grateful for keep track of in shape 42. He still leads an active life ______ his old age. 43. Tom goes jogging and does push-ups to stay ______. 44. A lack of communication may ______ misunderstanding. 45. ______ her child’s safety, the mother couldn’t fall asleep. 46. ______, the latest work of my favorite writer is a bit boring. 47. The peaceful landscape is such ______ that it is worth visiting. 48. Happy people are always ______ all the good things in their lives. 49. You can use the Internet to ______ important events around the world. 50. It took them about two hours to ______ how to start the new equipment. 51. You have more time to keep your mother company ______ you’ve retired. 第四部分 写作 （共两节；满分35分） 第一节 英汉互译 （共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 根据提示翻译下列句子。 52. He ran to the bus station only to find the bus had gone. (英译汉) ________________________________________________________ 53. A visit to the Old Town allows tourists to experience a real taste of local culture. (英译汉) ________________________________________________________ 54. 我突然想到我没有关灯。（occur) （汉译英） ________________________________________________________ 55. 我与我的朋友们有很多的共同点。（common) （汉译英） ________________________________________________________ 56. 站在窗户旁边的那个女生是我的同学。(-ing 形式当后置定语) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________ 第二节 书面表达 （满分20分） 57. 假定你是李华。你将代表你校参加一次主题为“Morals and Virtues”的英语演讲赛。请你撰写一篇演讲稿，结合自己的一次善举，谈谈你对儒家思想之“仁”的认识。 注意： 1.写作词数应为100左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇： 儒家思想 Confucianism 仁kindness Hello everyone! My name is Li Hua. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening! 1-5 CACBC 6-10 BBCAC 11-15 ACAAB 16-20 BAAAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$