精品解析：福建省福州市八县（市）协作校2023-2024学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题

福州市八县（市）协作校2023—2024学年第二学期期末联考 高二英语试卷 【完卷时间：120分钟；满分：150分】 第一部分 听力（共两节：每小题1.5分，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man suggest doing? A. Reading some comments. B. Making a reservation online. C. Cooking Indian food for dinner. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Do you want to try an Indian restaurant tonight? M: Okay I’ve never had Indian food before so you’ll have to choose the place. W: I’ve never had it before either. M: Let’s check out the reviews online. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When did the man become a university student? A. Two years ago. B. Four years ago. C. Six years ago. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: What success did you achieve? M: I don’t know if it matters to someone or not, but passing the entrance exam to university was a huge success for me. I’d been in university for four years before I graduated two years ago. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How is the weather now? A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Are you heading off to school now? You’d better bring an umbrella. W: An umbrella? But Dad, there isn’t a single cloud in the sky. M: Right now. Yeah, but the forecast is for rain. It’s supposed to start raining around lunchtime. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers? A. At a shop. B. At a gym. C. At a school. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Welcome, sir, how can I help you? M: I’m looking for gym Ware to participate in the school competition. W: The gym Ware is in the right section. We have everything which is in trend. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A designer. B. A cottage. C. A houseboat. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Where did the idea of building it come from? M: I saw a similar one when I was staying in a cottage with my relatives back in my home country W: And was building this houseboat difficult? M: Not really, after a life designing city buildings. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What made the woman fail to visit the website? A. The Wi-fi network failure. B. The anti-virus software. C. The wrong password. 7. What did the woman just do? A. She read her emails. B. She set up a password. C. She watched a program online. 【答案】6. B 7. A 【解析】 【原文】W: I’m trying to access a website for work but I’m not having any luck. M: Has a Wi-fi stopped working again, maybe? W: It can’t be that because I just checked my emails and there was no problem there M: Have you changed your password or something? W: No, and I’m sure it’s right because I wrote it down when I created it. M: Let me have a look. I know what’s wrong. It’s your anti-virus program. You need to change the settings to allow this page to open. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. How many ingredients are needed to make French toast? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 9. Where will the speakers have breakfast? A. At home. B. At a breakfast shop. C. At a French restaurant. 10. What will the man have for breakfast? A. Tea and cake. B. Juice and a sandwich. C. Yogurt and French toast. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Let’s start the day with some breakfast. I’m in the mood for French toast. W: I’m sorry, I have no idea what that is. M: It’s not complicated at all. First, you mix two eggs and some milk together in a bowl. Then you put the bread in a mixture, then take it out and fry it in a pan. Finally, cover it with butter. W: That does sound fantastic, but we don’t have much time today. How about a refreshing yogurt bowl instead? M: Maybe we should just head to the breakfast shop down the street. I could really go for some cake. W: That sounds good. I’m in the mood for a sandwich and some Apple juice. M: I completely forgot about drinks. I would love to have some black tea. We can always save the French toast for another occasion. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What attracted the man on the museum grounds? A. A sculpture. B. A painting. C. A statue. 12. What could participants do during the interactive activities? A. Make a painting. B. Meet the artists. C. Introduce works to visitors. 13. How might the woman feel about the exhibition? A. Surprised. B. Interested. C. Disappointed. 【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B 【解析】 【原文】W: We have tickets for the new modern art exhibition you’ve been, haven’t you? M: Yes, I went to the preview. W: And what did you think? M: There were some clever works by a young sculptor. Lots of animals like lions. W: What about paintings? I usually like them because I’m into painting. M: There was a collection of some paintings of the artists themselves in different styles. Some are more impressive than others. I have to say I actually found a fantastic exhibit outside on the museum grounds. There’s a statue of my favorite conductor. It looks so real. W: That sounds interesting. Were there any interactive exhibits? M: Actually, yes. One of the activities allowed visitors to participate in creating their own paintings and designs. It was great to see everyone’s creativity. W: That sounds like a fun way to engage visitors and make the exhibition more interactive. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What does the man do? A. A teacher. B. A photographer. C. A travel agent. 15. How does the man make friends with the locals? A. He does the same as them. B. He tries to be sweet to them. C. He cooks delicious food for them. 16. What does the woman think of eating honey ants? A. Interesting. B. Impressive. C. Unbelievable. 【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【原文】M: I wish you liked the photos. As you can see, my job is quite interesting. I enjoy teaching here at the university, but it’s nice to travel, too. W: In one of your photos, I see that you’re the only outsider there. How do you get people to allow you into their lives like that? M: Well, the most important thing is to make friends with them. Basically, if the local people do it, I do it too. I eat the same foods as the local people eat. W: But what if the food is very strange to you? M: Well, sometimes it is something new to me, but other people eat it so I can eat it too. I won’t avoid it. W: What kinds of unusual foods have you eaten? M: Oh, a lot of things. Honey ants, for example. They have a sweet taste. W: Ants. You mean you eat insects? M: Yes, they’re delicious. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the first course every week? A. Speaking skills. B. Grammar practice. C. Presentation skills. 18. At what time does the double lesson of speaking skills begin? A. 9:00. B. 9:45. C. 11:00. 19. When will students have the lesson of vocabulary development? A. On Tuesday morning. B. On Thursday morning. C. On Friday morning. 20. Where do students go after the course of writing skills? A. The library. B. The computer room. C. The language lab. 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hello everyone. I am the director of studies here at language international. Now let’s see the weekly timetable. The lessons begin every weekday at nine a.m.. The first class every Monday is grammar practice, followed at 9:45 by a visit to the language lab. There is a break from 10:30 to eleven and then you have a double lesson of speaking skills. Tuesday morning begins with presentation skills. This is important as you will each give a presentation at the end of the course to your class. At 9:45 you’ll have a reading skills lesson and after the break, a vocabulary development. In the afternoon, starting at one thirty, you have the library lesson. You can read, watch a video or practice grammar in the library on Wednesday morning. You have listening skills where you’ll listen to the news on the radio and discuss what’s going on. Thursday begins with pronunciation, then after the break is grammar practice once again. Finally, on Friday morning, in the first lesson, you will practice writing skills followed by a lesson in the computer room. OK, that’s all about the timetable. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节；每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Apply for the 2024 –2025 School Year We are thrilled you are considering Marist School for your child’s next chapter. Marist has two primary entry points for students in 7th and 9th grades to which we typically accept 150 and 50 students respectively. Marist School utilizes Ravenna, an application management system, for all aspects of the admissions process. Through Ravenna, parents can access the Marist application, submit supporting materials, track application status, and view admission decisions. Our application for the 2024 - 2025 school year will be available late September with a January 22, 2024 deadline. Importantly, Marist continues to require the SSAT as part of the application process. On Saturday, January 6, 2024, Marist will serve as a community test site for the SSAT. This is the last national testing day prior to our application deadline when a first set of SSAT scores is due. Important Dates September 2023 - March 2024 Marist School admissions events Late September 2023 Marist 2024 - 2025 application available in Ravenna October 2023 - January 2024 Required SSAT testing December 3, 2023 Open Heuse January 22, 2024 Deadline to apply to Marist; preliminary application and fee, parent and student questionnaires, and a first set of SSAT scores are due February 1, 2024 Deadline for Marist to receive any outstanding supplemental materials; transcripts, teacher and administrator evaluations, and parish/church verification form are due February 12, 2024 Deadline to submit separate tuition assistance application March 30, 2024 AAAIS common notification date April 11, 2024 Deadline to respond to offer of admission 21. Who is this article mainly intended for? A. Students in all grades. B. Students in 6th or 8th grades. C. Parents of children in 6th or 8th grades. D. Parents of children in 7th to 9th grades. 22. What do we know about Ravenna? A. It deals with entry applications. B. It promotes school management. C. It is accessible the whole school year. D. It monitors the admissions process. 23. Which can be a possible date for applicants to submit teacher evaluations? A. August 30, 2023. B. January 26, 2024. C. February 3, 2024. D. March 30, 2024. 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是Marist School写给孩子要申请该校2024——2025学年6年级和8年级的家长的，希望他们注意申请时应该注意哪些方面，尤其是各个事项的截止点。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“We are thrilled you are considering Marist School for your child’s next chapter. Marist has two primary entry points for students in 7th and 9th grades to which we typically accept 150 and 50 students respectively.(我们很高兴你考虑在圣母学校开启你孩子的下一个篇章。马里斯特大学为七年级和九年级的学生提供两个主要入学点，我们通常分别接收150名和50名学生)”可知，圣母学校开启孩子的下一个篇章，招收7年级和9年级的学生，因此推断本文针对的读者是孩子即将入读七年级和九年级的家长们，现在应该是6年级和8年级学生家长。故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Marist School utilizes Ravenna, an application management system, for all aspects of the admissions process. Through Ravenna, parents can access the Marist application, submit supporting materials, track application status, and view admission decisions. (玛丽斯特学校在招生过程的各个方面都使用了申请管理系统Ravenna。通过Ravenna，家长可以访问马里斯特申请，提交支持材料，跟踪申请状态，并查看录取决定)”可知，Ravenna可处理入学申请。故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格左上角“September 2023 - March 2024(2023年9月- 2024年3月)”和第六栏“Deadline for Marist to receive any outstanding supplemental materials; transcripts, teacher and administrator evaluations, and parish/church verification form are due(Marist收到任何未完成的补充材料的截止日期；成绩单，教师和行政人员的评估，以及教区/教堂的验证表)”以及时间“February 1, 2024(2024年2月1日)”可知，学校重大事件安排的总体时间为2023年9月- 2024年3月，而接收教师评定的截止日是2024年2月1日，结合选项，B项“2024年1月26日”符合要求。故选B。 B Michael and his wife, new residents in a San Francisco apartment, learned about their neighbor Jeff Dunan’s volunteer work for Bangladesh Relief, an organization that provides food, clothing and essential supplies for disadvantaged people in northern Bangladesh. Inspired, Michael donated $150 to Dunan’s GoFundMe campaign. However, a credit card notification alerted him to an unintended $15,041 charge. When he saw the five-figure number, he was confused. Soon, it all made sense. Michael’s credit card number started with four and one. Clearly, he accidentally began typing his credit card information while his cursor (光标) was still in the donation box. Michael planned to call Dunan to explain, but before he had the chance to do that, he started receiving Facebook messages from Shohag Chandra, the charity’s Bangladesh-based program manager, thanking him for his generous donation. After he looked through the photos of people holding thank-you signs that read his name, Michael’s heart sank. He felt terrible that he had to withdraw his handsome donation. Once his original contribution was refunded, he decided to donate $1,500. Although Michael had told his family and friends about the tale, he decided to share it publicly on social media, after Dunan told him the organization was desperately in need of funds. “The least I could do was take the time to post this story online and see if I could inspire other people to donate to the cause,” Michael said. Little did he know, though, that the story would be seen far and wide, ending up raising more than $120,000 for Bangladesh Relief in the span of only a few weeks—about eight times Michael’s mistaken donation. According to Dunan, more than 3,700 people have contributed because of Michael’s post. Michael has been stunned (震惊) by the ongoing outpouring of support. “Never in my wildest dreams did I imagine this reaction,” he said. “People can be amazing when they come together for something like this.” 24. How did Michael make the large donation? A. He input an incorrect amount. B. He encountered a system error. C. He was greatly inspired by Dunan. D. He entered wrong credit card details. 25. Why did Michael’s heart sink according to Paragraph 3? A. He saw people in despair. B. He failed to offer enough money. C. He didn’t receive the full refund. D. He realized the scale of his mistake. 26. What motivated Michael to share the story on social media? A. Dunan’s request for publicity. B. A desire for personal recognition. C. The organization’s urgent need for funds. D. Pressure from his family and friends. 27. What message does the story convey? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Many hands make light work. C. Always prepare for a rainy day. D. A good beginning is half of victory. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了主人公Michael输错捐款金额后将故事分享到网上，结果吸引了更多人关注孟加拉国的灾情，募集到了更多的资金。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Michael’s credit card number started with four and one. Clearly, he accidentally began typing his credit card information while his cursor (光标) was still in the donation box. (迈克尔的信用卡号码是以4加1开头的。很明显，当他的光标还在捐款箱里时，他不小心开始输入他的信用卡信息。)”可知，迈克尔捐了一大笔钱，因为他输入的金额不正确。故选A。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Michael planned to call Dunan to explain, but before he had the chance to do that, he started receiving Facebook messages from Shohag Chandra, the charity’s Bangladesh-based program manager, thanking him’ for his generous donation. After he looked through the photos of people holding thank-you signs that read his name, Michael’s heart sank. He felt terrible that he had to withdraw his handsome donation. Once his original contribution was refunded, he decided to donate $1,500. (迈克尔计划打电话给杜南解释，但在他有机会这么做之前，他开始收到慈善机构孟加拉国项目经理肖哈格·钱德拉发来的脸书信息，感谢他的慷慨捐赠。当他看完那些举着写有他名字的感谢牌的人的照片后，迈克尔的心沉了下去。他不得不收回他的大笔捐款，这让他感到很难过。一旦他的原始捐款被退还，他决定捐赠1500美元。)” 可知，此时他认识到自己的大笔捐款产生了很大的影响，所以开始后悔自己申请退款的举动。故选D。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Although Michael had told his family and friends about the tale, he decided to share it publicly on social media, after Dunan told him the organization was desperately in need of funds. (虽然迈克尔已经告诉了他的家人和朋友这个故事，但在杜南告诉他该组织急需资金后，他决定在社交媒体上公开分享。)”可知，迈克尔是在杜南告诉了他这个团体急需资金之后决定在网上分享这件事的。故选C。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，并结合最后一段的“Little did he know, though, that the story would be seen far and wide, ending up raising more than $120,000 for Bangladesh Relief in the span of only a few weeks—about eight times Michael’s mistaken donation. According to Dunan, more than 3,700 people have contributed because of Michael’s post. Michael has been stunned ( 震惊) by the ongoing outpouring of support. “Never in my wildest dreams did I imagine this reaction,” he said. “People can be amazing when they come together for something like this.”(然而，他并不知道，这个故事会被广泛传播，最终在短短几周内为孟加拉国救济组织筹集了12万多美元——大约是迈克尔错误捐款的8倍。据杜南说，有超过3700人因为迈克尔的帖子而捐款。迈克尔被源源不断的支持惊呆了:“我做梦也没想到会有这样的反应，”他说。“当人们聚在一起做这样的事情时，他们会很了不起。”) ”可知，文章主要叙述了Michael为什么一开始决定捐款、捐款金额有误的原因以及后续如何吸引了更多人捐款的故事。故事始于Michael一个人的善意，结尾时3700多人都加入了捐款活动，短时间内就筹集到了大笔资金。因此，B项“众人拾柴火焰高”正确。A. Actions speak louder than words.(行动胜于言语)；B. Many hands make light work. (众人拾柴火焰高)；C. Always prepare for a rainy day. (未雨绸缪)；D.A good beginning is half of victory. (良好的开端是成功的一半)。故选B。 C When we encounter a troublesome problem, we often gather a group to brainstorm. However, substantial evidence has shown that when we generate ideas together, we fail to maximize collective intelligence. To unearth the hidden potential in teams, we’re better off shifting to a process called “brainwriting”. You start by asking group members to write down what is going on in their brains separately. Next, you pool them and share them among the group without telling the authors. Then, each member evaluates them on his or her own, only after which do the team members come together to select and improve the most promising options. By developing and assessing ideas individually before choosing and expanding on them, the team can surface and advance possibilities that might not get attention otherwise. An example of great brainwriting was in 2010 when 33 miners were trapped underground in Chile. Given the urgency of the situation, the rescue team didn’t hold brainstorming sessions. Rather, they established a global brainwriting system to generate individual ideas. A 24-year-old engineer came up with a tiny plastic telephone. This specialized tool ended up becoming the only means of communicating with the miners, making it possible to save them. Research by organizational behavior scholar Anita Woolley and her colleagues helps to explain why this method works. They find that the key to collective intelligence is balanced participation. In brainstorming meetings, it’s too easy for participation to become one-sided in favor of the loudest voices. The brainwriting process ensures that all ideas are brought to the table and all voices are brought into conversation. The goal isn’t to be the smartest person in the room. It’s to make the room smarter. Collective intelligence begins with individual creativity, but it doesn’t end there. Individuals produce a greater volume and variety of novel ideas when they work alone. That means they not only come up with more brilliant ideas than groups but also more terrible ideas. Therefore, it takes collective judgment to find the signal in the noise and bring out the best ideas. 28. What is special about brainwriting compared with brainstorming? A. It highlights independent work. B. It encourages group cooperation. C. It prioritizes quality over quantity. D. It prefers writing to oral exchanges. 29. Why does the author mention the Chile mining accident in paragraph 3? A. To introduce a tool developed during brainwriting. B. To praise a young man with brainwriting technique. C. To illustrate a successful application of brainwriting. D. To explain the role of brainwriting in communication. 30. How does brainwriting promote collective intelligence according to paragraph 4? A. By blocking the loudest voices. B. By allowing equal involvement. C. By improving individual wisdom. D. By generating more creative ideas. 31. Which step of brainwriting does the author stress in the last paragraph? A. Individual writing. B. Group sharing. C. Personal evaluation. D. Joint discussion. 【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。大量证据表明，当我们运用头脑风暴共同产生想法时，我们无法最大限度地提高集体智慧。为了挖掘团队中隐藏的潜力，我们最好进行“书面头脑风暴法”。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“You start by asking group members to write down what is going on in their brains separately. Next, you pool them and share them among the group without telling the authors. Then, each member evaluates them on his or her own, only after which do the team members come together to select and improve the most promising options. (你首先要求小组成员分别写下他们大脑中发生的事情。接下来，你将它们汇集在一起，并在不告诉作者的情况下在小组中共享。然后，每个成员自己对其进行评估，只有在评估之后，团队成员才会聚集在一起，选择并改进最有希望的选项。)”可知，与头脑风暴相比，书面头脑风暴法的特别之处在于它强调独立工作。故选A。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的首句“An example of great brainwriting was in 2010 when 33 miners were trapped underground in Chile. (2010年，智利有33名矿工被困井下，这就是一个伟大的脑力写作的例子。)”可推知，作者在本段提到智利的采矿事故是为了说明书面头脑风暴法的成功应用。故选C。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The brainwriting process ensures that all ideas are brought to the table and all voices are brought into conversation. The goal isn’t to be the smartest person in the room. (书面头脑风暴法确保所有的想法都能被带到桌面上，所有的声音都能被带入对话。我们的目标不是成为房间里最聪明的人。)”可知，书面头脑风暴法要求每个人都参与，贡献自己的智慧。因此，通过允许平等参与促进集体智力。故选B。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Collective intelligence begins with individual creativity, but it doesn’t end there. Individuals produce a greater volume and variety of novel ideas when they work alone. That means they not only come up with more brilliant ideas than groups but also more terrible ideas. Therefore, it takes collective judgment to find the signal in the noise and bring out the best ideas. (集体智慧始于个人创造力，但它并没有就此结束。当个人独自工作时，他们会产生更多的新颖想法。这意味着他们不仅提出了比团体更聪明的想法，而且提出了更可怕的想法。因此，需要集体判断才能在噪声中找到信号并提出最佳想法。)”可知，集体智慧始于个人创造力，但是在个人产生想法后，要有集体判断才能得到最佳想法。因此本段强调了共同讨论的重要性。故选D。 D As most Americans spend at least 50% of their food budget dining out, public criticism falls on restaurants to help consumers make healthier food choices. The Menu Labeling Final Rule has come into effect, requiring restaurants with more than 20 locations to show the calories of food on menus. By representing these values in a discrepant way — using physically larger numbers on the page for lower-calorie options, and smaller numbers for high-calorie foods — businesses can shift customers’ preferences toward healthier food, according to Ruiying Cai from the Washington State University. In their study, Cai and her colleagues asked participants to choose between a less healthy item and a healthier option after randomly assigning them to two groups. In the first group, calorie counts and font sizes rose and fell together. In the second group, the size became larger as the calorie count fell. Researchers also asked participants questions to assess their health-consciousness. Results showed participants in the second group, who saw low calorie counts printed in large sizes, were more likely to adopt the healthier option. Moreover, less health- conscious participants were the most affected, while people with more health awareness were less influenced since they already favored healthier food. This research adjusted customer behaviors by creating a Stroop effect. Named after psychologist J. Ridley Stroop, the Stroop effect refers to a delay in reaction to mismatch in its classic form. For example, if the word “purple” is written in green, it takes respondents longer time to identify the color than if the word and the color match. Similarly, the effect is observed when the physical size of the number does not match its number in this study. “Restaurants are interested in encouraging customers to make healthier choices,” Cai said. However, simply labeling the food as healthy may not have the intended effect. “Healthy food items could be profitable for restaurants, but whenever a ‘healthy’ label is attached, people may assume it does not taste good,” she explained. “We’re trying to provide restaurants with indirect suggestions, rather than saying it out loud.” 32. What does the underlined word “discrepant” in paragraph 2mean? A. Creative. B. Relative C. Conflicting D. Misleading 33. Which of the following type of customers would be affected most from the research? A. Strict diet followers. B. Convenience food fans. C. Homema de meal lovers. D. Health magazine readers. 34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. The significance of research results. B. The measurement of response delays. C. The psychological basis of the study design. D. The influential variations of the Stroop effect. 35. Which of the following might be Cai’s suggestion for restaurants? A. Use font magic to drive healthier choices. B. Pay more attention to the taste of the food. C. Create a quiet dining atmosphere for customers. D. Attach “healthy” labels to the food on the menu. 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究——菜单上标记热量多少的数字大小是如何影响顾客对食物的选择的。 【32题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词后的内容“using physically larger numbers on the page for lower-calorie options, and smaller numbers for high-calorie foods”（在页面上使用较大的数字表示低卡路里的选项，而使用较小的数字表示高卡路里的食物）可知，这是对 discrepant way的解释，用大数字表示低卡路里，小数字表示高卡路里，这是一种相冲突的方式，故推知discrepant应表示“矛盾的，相差的”，与Conflicting同义。故选C项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Moreover, less health- conscious participants were the most affected, while people with more health awareness were less influenced since they already favored healthier food.”（此外，健康意识较弱的参与者受影响最大，而健康意识较强的人受影响较小，因为他们已经喜欢更健康的食物。）说明健康意识较弱的人受影响最大，而健康意识较弱的人通常是方便食物的爱好者。故选B项。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“This research adjusted customer behaviors by creating a Stroop effect. Named after psychologist J. Ridley Stroop, the Stroop effect refers to a delay in reaction to mismatch in its classic form. For example, if the word “purple” is written in green, it takes respondents longer time to identify the color than if the word and the color match. Similarly, the effect is observed when the physical size of the number does not match its number in this study.”（本研究通过创造斯特鲁普效应来调整顾客行为。以心理学家J. Ridley Stroop的名字命名，斯特鲁普效应指的是对不匹配的反应延迟。例如，如果单词“紫色”是用绿色书写的，那么受访者识别颜色的时间要比单词和颜色匹配的时间长。同样，在本研究中，当数字的实际大小与其数字不匹配时，也会观察到这种效应。）可知，本段主要介绍了该研究应用斯特鲁普效应来研究顾客行为，该效应是设计该研究的心理学基础。故选C项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Restaurants are interested in encouraging customers to make healthier choices,” Cai said. However, simply labeling the food as healthy may not have the intended effect. “Healthy food items could be profitable for restaurants, but whenever a ‘healthy’ label is attached, people may assume it does not taste good,” she explained. “We’re trying to provide restaurants with indirect suggestions, rather than saying it out loud.””（“餐馆有兴趣鼓励顾客做出更健康的选择，”Cai说。然而，仅仅给食品贴上健康标签可能不会产生预期的效果。她解释说:“健康食品可以为餐馆带来利润，但只要贴上‘健康’的标签，人们就会认为它味道不好。”“我们试图为餐厅提供间接的建议，而不是大声说出来。”）可知，她认为给食物贴上‘健康’的标签反而会适得其反，并不能鼓励顾客去选择它，餐馆应该寻求间接的方法。再根据第四段第一句“Results showed participants in the second group, who saw low calorie counts printed in large sizes, were more likely to adopt the healthier option.”（结果显示，第二组看到印有大尺寸低卡路里标签的参与者更有可能选择更健康的食物。）说明了食物标签上字体的大小会影响人们对健康食物的选择。由此推测，Cai提到的“indirect suggestions”指的就是餐馆可以利用字体的魔力来推动顾客更健康的食物选择。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We clearly live in an era with little patience. Entire TV series are available at once on streaming services, and burning questions are solved in seconds via a search engine. This instant satisfaction, undoubtedly, is killing our ability to wait. ____36____. Here are some strategies to pick up that magic mix if you weren’t born with it. ● Visualize success There’s no need to set a real situation where you wait in a super long grocery checkout line to test yourself. Simply visualizing it helps a lot. See yourself smiling and breathing as you wait for the line to move. ____37____. For example, you could say, “it’s not bad to enjoy this magazine while waiting”. Your mind will start to process the picture as a real experience and help to set you up for future successes. ● Slow down ____38____. We get so caught up in hurrying that we get stuck in that mode. Most adults do not feel happy when they’re rushing, and children are even less capable of doing it with a good attitude. Instead of sweating through your routine, turn on some background music you like and move at a normal pace. ● ____39____ The ability to let your mind wander, whether daydreaming or actively applying your imagination, is a skill that improves patience. You don’t have to get the whole paper done in one go. ____40____. This helps you build up your staying power, so next time you might be more patient and more likely to focus on your task. A. Learn to distract yourself B. Add some positive words if possible C. Therefore,we are getting more and more impatient D. Racing around is not necessarily the only way to get what you want E. But sometimes,we know a fast pace does improves our working efficiency F. Thus, the loss of this mixed quality of tolerance and calmness is unavoidable G. Take a break and do something that could free your brain from the work that takes tons of energy. 【答案】36. F 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。我们生活在一个没有耐心的时代，即时的满足感正在扼杀我们等待的能力。本文介绍了几种重新找回等待能力的方法。 【36题详解】 前文“This instant satisfaction, undoubtedly, is killing our ability to wait.(毫无疑问，这种即时的满足感正在扼杀我们的等待能力。)”讲述了即时的满足感正在扼杀我们的等待能力，后文“Here are some strategies to pick up that magic mix if you weren’t born with it.(如果你不是天生的，这里有一些策略来找回这种神奇的混合。)”提到有一些策略可以帮助找回这种神奇的混合，由此可知，空处应承接上文，进一步讲述即时满足感使等待能力丧失造成的后果，F项“因此，这种宽容和冷静的混合品质的丧失是不可避免的”符合题意，且选项中的this mixed quality of tolerance and calmness照应后文的that magic mix。故选F。 【37题详解】 根据下文“For example, you could say, “it’s not bad to enjoy this magazine while waiting”.(例如，你可以说，“在等待的时候享受这本杂志还不错”。)”可知，空处应与说话有关，B项“如果可能的话，添加一些积极的话语”符合题意。故选B。 【38题详解】 根据本段小标题“Slow down”可知，本段讲述的是要慢下来，结合下文中的“We get so caught up in hurrying that we get stuck in that mode.(我们过于匆忙，以至于陷入了那种模式。)”可知，空处应讲述没必要匆忙，D项“四处奔波不一定是得到你想要的东西的唯一途径”符合题意。故选D。 【39题详解】 空处是本段小标题，根据下文中的“The ability to let your mind wander, whether daydreaming or actively applying your imagination, is a skill that improves patience.(让你的思绪游荡的能力，无论是做白日梦还是积极运用你的想象力，都是一种提高耐心的技能。)”可知，本段讲述的是学会分散注意力，A项“学会分散自己的注意力”符合题意。故选A。 【40题详解】 前文“You don’t have to get the whole paper done in one go.(你不必一次完成整个论文。)”讲述了不必一次写完论文，空处应讲述可以休息下，G项“休息一下，做一些能让你的大脑从需要大量能量的工作中解放出来的事情”符合题意。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Several years ago, a neighbor kid kicked a football and broke a basement window of my house. Due to financial problems, I ____41____ it up, thinking I’d change it someday. Over the years, I had planned to upgrade to energy-efficient windows. But with the frame rusted (锈) and firmly ____42____ in the wall, whoever did it would need to chisel (凿) it out by hand. It would be a ____43____ process and there were six of those windows in the house. The cost was estimated at $15,000. It was simply ____44____. Honestly, the thought of that window ____45____ me for years. I knew I needed to fix it, but I had built up the ____46____ so much in my mind that I put it off again and again. Then I had a job change and needed to sell the house before moving away. But it was almost ____47____ to find a buyer if there was a broken window. So I pulled off the boards to face this thing head-on. I grabbed some rust remover, ____48____ it around the frame of the window, and gave it a pull. To my astonishment, it easily ____49____. I took the window downtown. It only cost me $12. I could have ____50____ the problem for only $12 when it occurred, but I let it bother me for five years! ____51____, this isn’t just about my window. Many of us live with broken windows of one type or another. They are things that seriously affect our ____52____ of life. If you recognize your broken window, don’t ____53____ to mend it. It may turn out to be ____54____ than expected. Usually we suffer more in ____55____ than in reality 41. A. made B. tore C. boarded D. packed 42. A. lost B. buried C. stuck D. mixed 43. A. Brain-burning B. labor-consuming C. energy-wasting D. risk-taking 44. A. out of reach B. in a mess C. beyond control D. at hand 45. A. frightened B. attract C. dominated D. bothered 46. A. recreation B. difficulty C. confidence D. regulation 47. A. impossible B. ashamed C. unfair D. pointless 48. A. blew B. batted C. spread D. passed 49. A. fell B. missed C. broke D. moved 50. A. addressed B. submitted C. ignored D. considered 51. A. Fortunately B. Actually C. Consequently D. Unexpectedly 52. A. way B. quantity C. quality D. pace 53. A. hesitate B. attempt C. pretend D. guarantee 54. A. tougher B. easier C. worse D. rarer 55. A. endurance B. memory C. practice D. imagination 【答案】41. C 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者用自己亲身经历告诉我们，拖延小修成大患，直面问题，往往解决比想象容易。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于经济问题，我用木板封住了它，想着总有一天会更换它。A. made制作；B. tore撕裂；C. boarded用木板封住；D. packed包装。根据后文提到的“pulled off the boards”，可以推断出此处是用木板“封住”窗户。故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是窗框生锈了，紧紧地嵌在墙里，无论谁来做都需要手工凿出来。A. lost丢失；B. buried埋葬；C. stuck卡住；D. mixed混合。根据前文提到的“frame rusted”和后文的“whoever did it would need to chisel it out by hand”，可以推断出窗框因为生锈而“卡”在了墙里。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这将是一个耗时费力的过程，而且房子里有六个这样的窗户。A. Brain-burning费脑力的；B. labor-consuming耗费劳力的；C. energy-wasting浪费能源的；D. risk-taking冒险的。根据前文提到的“whoever did it would need to chisel (凿) it out by hand.”，可以推断出更换窗户将是一个“耗时费力的”过程。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查介词词组辨析。句意：费用估计为15000美元，这简直遥不可及。A. out of reach遥不可及；B. in a mess一团糟；C. beyond control失去控制；D. at hand在手边。根据前文提到的更换窗户的高昂费用“$15,000”，可以推断出这个费用对于作者来说是“遥不可及”的。故选A项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，这个窗户的想法困扰了我好几年。A. frightened吓唬；B. attracted吸引；C. dominated主导；D. bothered困扰。根据后文提到的“but I let it bother me for five years”，可以推断出这个问题一直“困扰”了作者多年。故选D项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我需要修它，但我在心里把这个困难放大了太多，以至于我一再推迟修理它。A. recreation娱乐；B. difficulty困难；C. confidence自信；D. regulation规定。根据后文的“put it off again and again”，可以推断出作者心里把修理窗户的“困难”放大了。故选B项。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是如果窗户破损，几乎不可能找到买家。A. impossible不可能的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. unfair不公平的；D. pointless没有意义的。根据前文提到的“Then I had a job change and needed to sell the house before moving away.”以及后文的“if there was a broken window”，可以推断出破损的窗户会让找到买家变得非常困难，甚至是“不可能的”。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拿起一些除锈剂，在窗框周围涂抹了一下，并且拉了一下。A. blew吹；B. batted击打；C. spread涂抹；D. passed传递。根据前文提到的“grabbed some rust remover”，可以推断出作者是在窗框周围“涂抹”除锈剂。故选C项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，它很容易就移动了。A. fell落下；B. missed错过；C. broke打破；D. moved移动。根据前文提到的作者在窗框周围涂抹了除锈剂，以及后文的“I took the window downtown”，表明作者能够轻松地将窗户移走，说明窗户“移动”了。故选D项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它发生时我当时只需花费12美元就可以解决这个问题，但是我却让它困扰了我五年。A. addressed解决；B. submitted提交；C. ignored忽视；D. considered考虑。根据前文提到的“it only cost me $12”以及后面的“but I let it bother me for five years!”可知，这么容易解决的问题，作者后悔当初没有直接“处理”它，而是让它困扰了自己五年。故选A项。 【51题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：实际上，这不仅仅是关于我家的窗户问题。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Actually实际上；C. Consequently因此；D. Unexpectedly意外地。根据后文提到的“Many of us live with broken windows of one type or another”，可以推断出作者在说这个问题具有普遍性，故使用“Actually”（实际上）引入这一观点。故选B项。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们是严重影响我们生活质量的事情。A. way方式；B. quantity数量；C. quality质量；D. pace步伐。根据前文提到的“Many of us live with broken windows of one type or another”可知，作者提到的“破窗户”象征着生活中未解决的问题，这些问题会影响我们的生活“质量”。故选C项。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你意识到你的“破碎窗户”，不要犹豫去修复它。A. hesitate犹豫；B. attempt尝试；C. pretend假装；D. guarantee保证。作者在讲述自己的经历后给出建议，强调一旦发现问题，应当立即采取行动，不要“犹豫”。故选A项。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果可能比预期的更容易。A. tougher更艰难的；B. easier更容易的；C. worse更糟糕的；D. rarer更罕见的。根据前文提到的“don’t __13__ to mend it.”，作者建议大家不要犹豫去修理它，因为结果可能比预期的“更容易”。故选B项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常我们在想象中受的苦比现实更多。A. endurance忍耐；B. memory记忆；C. practice实践；D. imagination想象。根据前文的“but I had built up the___6___ so much in my mind that I put it off again and again.”可知，当初作者就是在心里把这个困难放大了，实际这是个很容易就解决的问题。并且整篇文章都在探讨想象中的很难的问题往往实际处理起来很容易，我们总是人为地增加问题的难度。故选D项。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese ci poetry is usually translated into English as “song lyrics”. This is because ci was created ____56____ (fit) pre-existing tunes. The number of lines, the line lengths and the rhythmic patterns of ci vary with the tunes, ____57____ number in the hundreds. Often ____58____ (compose) at a banquet (宴会), ci would be written down by guests and then sung by musical performers as entertainment. On other ____59____ (occasion), the poet might sing the lyrics to himself at home or while traveling. This oral and musical quality of ci sets ____60____ apart from other types of poetry in China during the same period. There are two main types of ci: wǎnyuē and háofàng. The wǎnyuē ci ____61____ (primary) focuses on emotion and many of its lyrics are about courtship and love, while the háofàng ci often deals with themes that ____62____ (consider) deeper by audiences. Su Shi was one of the best-known ci poets of the Song Dynasty, and also a ____63____ (lead) reformer of the ci genre (类型). Before Su Shi, the primary form of ci was wǎnyue. As a pioneer of the háofàng ci, Su Shi wrote on ____64____ broad range of non-traditional topics, often closely related to his own life experience. A _____65_____ (various) of audiences can identify with the feelings he describes. 【答案】56. to fit 57. which 58. composed 59. occasions 60. it 61. primarily 62. are considered 63. leading 64. a 65. variety 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国词诗歌的特点、类型以及宋代著名词人苏轼的贡献。 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是因为词是为了适应预先存在的曲调而创作的。分析句子结构，可知应填入不定式作目的状语，表示动作的目的，故填to fit。 【57题详解】 考查关系代词。句意：词的行数、行长和节奏模式随曲调而变化，曲调的数量有数百种。分析句子结构，可知应填入关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the tunes，在从句中作主语，故填which。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：词经常在宴会上创作，由客人写下来，然后由音乐表演者演唱作为娱乐。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应填入过去分词，表示动作的完成，故填composed。 【59题详解】 考查名词的单复数。句意：在其他场合，诗人可能会在家里或旅行时自己唱词。分析句子结构，可知应填入名词的复数，表示多个场合，故填occasions。 【60题详解】 考查代词。句意：词的这种口头和音乐性质使它与其他类型的同期中国诗歌区别开来。分析句子结构，可知应填入代词指代前文的ci，故填it。 【61题详解】 考查副词。句意：婉约词主要关注情感，许多歌词都是关于求爱和爱情的，而豪放词则经常处理观众认为更深刻的主题。分析句子结构，可知应填入副词修饰谓语动词focuses，故填primarily。 【62题详解】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：同上。分析句子结构，可知应填入动词的被动语态，表示动作的承受者，又因为主语themes 是复数，且句子描述的是一般事实，应使用一般现在时，故填are considered。 【63题详解】 考查形容词。句意：苏轼是宋代最著名的词人之一，也是词这一体裁的主要改革者。分析句子结构，可知应填入形容词作定语修饰reformer，因与其逻辑主语reformer之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用v-ing形式的形容词，故填leading。 【64题详解】 考查冠词。句意：作为豪放词的先驱，苏轼写了大量非传统题材的作品，这些作品往往与他的个人生活经历密切相关。分析句子结构，可知应填入不定冠词，因为range是可数名词，且第一次出现，broad发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。 【65题详解】 考查名词。句意：各种各样的观众都能认同他所描述的情感。分析句子结构，可知应填入名词作主语，a variety of为固定短语，含义为“各种各样的”，故填variety。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文（满分15分） 66. 假如你是李华，近期你校的英语社团将举办主题为“饮食习惯与健康生活”的英语演讲比赛，你很感兴趣。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛。 内容包括： 1．当前学生的饮食习惯现状； 2．提出良好饮食习惯的建议。 3．呼吁 注意：1．字数80词左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。 Good morning, everyone! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all! Thank you for your listening. 【答案】Good morning, everyone! Today, I want to talk about dietary habits and healthy living. Many students eat fast food and instant noodles because they are busy. This, and not eating enough fruits and vegetables, can cause health problems. To be healthier, we should eat more whole foods like lean meats, whole grains, and fruits and vegetables. Drinking enough water is also important. Let’s make these simple changes for our health. Every small step helps. Together, we can create a healthier future. That’s all! Thank you for your listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校的英语社团将举办主题为“饮食习惯与健康生活”的英语演讲比赛，要求考生写一篇演讲稿参赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 因为：because → since 足够的：enough → sufficient 引起：cause → lead to/result in 重要的：important → significant 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Today, I want to talk about dietary habits and healthy living. 拓展句：Today, I’d like to talk about a topic that concerns us all: dietary habits and healthy living. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Many students eat fast food and instant noodles because they are busy.(运用了从属连词because引导原因状语从句) [高分句型2] Drinking enough water is also important. (运用了动名词作主语) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 An A for Mrs. Bartlett I was sitting next to Missy in my ninth-grade world history class when Mrs. Bartlett announced a new project. In groups, we were to create a poster around what we were studying. On a piece of paper, we wrote the names of three friends we wanted in our group. After collecting all the requests, Mrs. Bartlett informed us that she would take into consideration the names we chose and would let us know the results the next day. I was a well-rounded top student in the class, so I had no doubt I would get the group of my choice. There were only a handful of sociably decent people in the class, and Missy was one of them. I knew we had chosen each other. The next day, I anxiously awaited the class. After the bell rang, Missy and I stopped talking as Mrs. Bartlett called for our attention. She started to call out names. When she reached group three, Missy’s name was called. So I’m in group three, I thought. The second, third and fourth members of the group were called. My name was not included. There had to be some mistake! Then I heard it. The last group: “ Mauro, Juliette, Rachel, Karina. ” I could feel the tears well in my eyes. How could I face being in that group — the boy who barely spoke English, the one girl who was always covered by skirts that went down to her ankles, and the other girl who was often wearing very strange and unusual clothes with fancy items. They certainly fell into the category of the least popular in our class. They were considered misfits (不合群的人)! There must be something wrong! Mrs. Bartlett was such a person of insight, vision and thoughtfulness that she never forgot to bring out the potential of all her students. Oh, how badly I wanted to be with my friends. Finally I was determined to convince her I should be in the “ good ” group. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I fought back tears as I walked up to Mrs. Bartlett. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Halfway through the week, I felt myself enjoying the company of these three misfits. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph l: I fought back tears as I walked up to Mrs. Bartlett. Before I opened my mouth she gently placed a hand on my shoulder, saying with a knowing smile, “ I know what you want, but your group needs you. ” So stunned was I that I couldn’t utter a single word for a moment. She had seen something in me that I hadn’t seen. Suddenly, a mixture of guilt as well as pride seized me. The power of being trusted made me stand straighter. “ I’ll help them. ” I replied in a firm voice. I couldn’t believe it came out of my mouth, but it did. Paragraph 2: Halfway through the week, I felt myself enjoying the company of these three misfits. The project was going smoothly with our joint efforts. Besides, I found out Mauro was struggling with English, Juliette wore long skirts because of her religion and Rachel dreamed to be a fashion designer. They weren’t misfits, just people that no one cared enough about to try to understand — except Mrs. Bartlett. I was lucky to be given a chance to see other people in a new light. Mrs. Bartlett gave us an A on that assignment, which should be handed back, for she was the one who truly deserved it. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了历史课上，老师分小组做任务时，作者被老师分在了一个不好的小组，小组内的几个学生都是不受人欢迎的孩子，作者很委屈，希望和好朋友们一组，老师却鼓励她留在这组帮助这几个同学完成任务。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ①由第一段首句“我忍着眼泪走向Mrs. Bartlett”可知，续写应围绕我跟老师见面后语言、动作、神情等展开描写，包括倾诉“我”对分组结果的不解，如何说服老师把我分在“优生组”等，以及老师的回答、反应和举措等。为与下一段首句呼应，“我”一定是说服未遂，继续和这三个不合群的人在同一个组。 ②由第二段首句“这周过半的时候，我觉得自己很享受这三个不合群的人的陪伴”可知，续写应围绕“我”与组员们完成项目的过程和结果，与此同时，“我”的心态发生了转变，理解了老师的良苦用心，明白了应该抛弃成见，学会接纳和包容的做人哲学。 2. 续写线索：试图说服老师——老师期望——接受任务——完成任务——感悟与成长 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①一言不发：not utter a single word/say nothing ②帮助：help/aid/assist ③回答：reply/respond/answer ④得到机会：be given a chance/be offered an opportunity 情绪类 ①感到惊讶的：stunned/astonished/amazed ②内疚：guilt/compunction/self-reproach 【点睛】[高分句型1]So stunned was I that I couldn’t utter a single word for a moment.（“so+adj.”位于句首时的倒装句及that引导结果状语从句） [高分句型2]She had seen something in me that I hadn’t seen.（由关系代词that引导限制性定语从句） [高分句型3]Mrs. Bartlett gave us an A on that assignment, which should be handed back, for she was the one who truly deserved it.（由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句以及由关系代词who引导限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 福州市八县（市）协作校2023—2024学年第二学期期末联考 高二英语试卷 【完卷时间：120分钟；满分：150分】 第一部分 听力（共两节：每小题1.5分，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man suggest doing? A. Reading some comments. B. Making a reservation online. C. Cooking Indian food for dinner. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When did the man become a university student? A. Two years ago. B. Four years ago. C. Six years ago. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How is the weather now? A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 4. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers? A. At a shop. B. At a gym. C. At a school. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A designer. B. A cottage. C. A houseboat. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What made the woman fail to visit the website? A. The Wi-fi network failure. B. The anti-virus software. C. The wrong password. 7 What did the woman just do? A. She read her emails. B. She set up a password. C. She watched a program online. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8 How many ingredients are needed to make French toast? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 9. Where will the speakers have breakfast? A. At home. B. At a breakfast shop. C. At a French restaurant. 10. What will the man have for breakfast? A. Tea and cake. B. Juice and a sandwich. C. Yogurt and French toast. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What attracted the man on the museum grounds? A. A sculpture. B. A painting. C. A statue. 12. What could participants do during the interactive activities? A. Make a painting. B. Meet the artists. C. Introduce works to visitors. 13. How might the woman feel about the exhibition? A. Surprised. B. Interested. C. Disappointed. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What does the man do? A. A teacher. B. A photographer. C. A travel agent. 15. How does the man make friends with the locals? A. He does the same as them. B. He tries to be sweet to them. C. He cooks delicious food for them. 16. What does the woman think of eating honey ants? A. Interesting. B. Impressive. C. Unbelievable. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the first course every week? A. Speaking skills. B. Grammar practice. C. Presentation skills. 18. At what time does the double lesson of speaking skills begin? A. 9:00. B. 9:45. C. 11:00. 19. When will students have the lesson of vocabulary development? A. On Tuesday morning. B. On Thursday morning. C. On Friday morning. 20. Where do students go after the course of writing skills? A. The library. B. The computer room. C. The language lab. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节；每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Apply for the 2024 –2025 School Year We are thrilled you are considering Marist School for your child’s next chapter. Marist has two primary entry points for students in 7th and 9th grades to which we typically accept 150 and 50 students respectively. Marist School utilizes Ravenna, an application management system, for all aspects of the admissions process. Through Ravenna, parents can access the Marist application, submit supporting materials, track application status, and view admission decisions. Our application for the 2024 - 2025 school year will be available late September with a January 22, 2024 deadline. Importantly, Marist continues to require the SSAT as part of the application process. On Saturday, January 6, 2024, Marist will serve as a community test site for the SSAT. This is the last national testing day prior to our application deadline when a first set of SSAT scores is due. Important Dates September 2023 - March 2024 Marist School admissions events Late September 2023 Marist 2024 - 2025 application available in Ravenna October 2023 - January 2024 Required SSAT testing December 3, 2023 Open Heuse January 22, 2024 Deadline to apply to Marist; preliminary application and fee, parent and student questionnaires, and a first set of SSAT scores are due February 1, 2024 Deadline for Marist to receive any outstanding supplemental materials; transcripts, teacher and administrator evaluations, and parish/church verification form are due February 12, 2024 Deadline to submit separate tuition assistance application March 30, 2024 AAAIS common notification date April 11, 2024 Deadline to respond to offer of admission 21. Who is this article mainly intended for? A. Students in all grades. B. Students in 6th or 8th grades. C. Parents of children in 6th or 8th grades. D. Parents of children in 7th to 9th grades. 22. What do we know about Ravenna? A. It deals with entry applications. B. It promotes school management. C. It is accessible the whole school year. D. It monitors the admissions process. 23. Which can be a possible date for applicants to submit teacher evaluations? A. August 30, 2023. B. January 26, 2024. C. February 3, 2024. D. March 30, 2024. B Michael and his wife, new residents in a San Francisco apartment, learned about their neighbor Jeff Dunan’s volunteer work for Bangladesh Relief, an organization that provides food, clothing and essential supplies for disadvantaged people in northern Bangladesh. Inspired, Michael donated $150 to Dunan’s GoFundMe campaign. However, a credit card notification alerted him to an unintended $15,041 charge. When he saw the five-figure number, he was confused. Soon, it all made sense. Michael’s credit card number started with four and one. Clearly, he accidentally began typing his credit card information while his cursor (光标) was still in the donation box. Michael planned to call Dunan to explain, but before he had the chance to do that, he started receiving Facebook messages from Shohag Chandra, the charity’s Bangladesh-based program manager, thanking him for his generous donation. After he looked through the photos of people holding thank-you signs that read his name, Michael’s heart sank. He felt terrible that he had to withdraw his handsome donation. Once his original contribution was refunded, he decided to donate $1,500. Although Michael had told his family and friends about the tale, he decided to share it publicly on social media, after Dunan told him the organization was desperately in need of funds. “The least I could do was take the time to post this story online and see if I could inspire other people to donate to the cause,” Michael said. Little did he know, though, that the story would be seen far and wide, ending up raising more than $120,000 for Bangladesh Relief in the span of only a few weeks—about eight times Michael’s mistaken donation. According to Dunan, more than 3,700 people have contributed because of Michael’s post. Michael has been stunned (震惊) by the ongoing outpouring of support. “Never in my wildest dreams did I imagine this reaction,” he said. “People can be amazing when they come together for something like this.” 24. How did Michael make the large donation? A. He input an incorrect amount. B. He encountered a system error. C. He was greatly inspired by Dunan. D. He entered wrong credit card details. 25. Why did Michael’s heart sink according to Paragraph 3? A. He saw people in despair. B. He failed to offer enough money. C. He didn’t receive the full refund. D. He realized the scale of his mistake. 26. What motivated Michael to share the story on social media? A. Dunan’s request for publicity. B. A desire for personal recognition. C. The organization’s urgent need for funds. D. Pressure from his family and friends. 27. What message does the story convey? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Many hands make light work. C. Always prepare for a rainy day. D. A good beginning is half of victory. C When we encounter a troublesome problem, we often gather a group to brainstorm. However, substantial evidence has shown that when we generate ideas together, we fail to maximize collective intelligence. To unearth the hidden potential in teams, we’re better off shifting to a process called “brainwriting”. You start by asking group members to write down what is going on in their brains separately. Next, you pool them and share them among the group without telling the authors. Then, each member evaluates them on his or her own, only after which do the team members come together to select and improve the most promising options. By developing and assessing ideas individually before choosing and expanding on them, the team can surface and advance possibilities that might not get attention otherwise. An example of great brainwriting was in 2010 when 33 miners were trapped underground in Chile. Given the urgency of the situation, the rescue team didn’t hold brainstorming sessions. Rather, they established a global brainwriting system to generate individual ideas. A 24-year-old engineer came up with a tiny plastic telephone. This specialized tool ended up becoming the only means of communicating with the miners, making it possible to save them. Research by organizational behavior scholar Anita Woolley and her colleagues helps to explain why this method works. They find that the key to collective intelligence is balanced participation. In brainstorming meetings, it’s too easy for participation to become one-sided in favor of the loudest voices. The brainwriting process ensures that all ideas are brought to the table and all voices are brought into conversation. The goal isn’t to be the smartest person in the room. It’s to make the room smarter. Collective intelligence begins with individual creativity, but it doesn’t end there. Individuals produce a greater volume and variety of novel ideas when they work alone. That means they not only come up with more brilliant ideas than groups but also more terrible ideas. Therefore, it takes collective judgment to find the signal in the noise and bring out the best ideas. 28. What is special about brainwriting compared with brainstorming? A. It highlights independent work. B. It encourages group cooperation. C. It prioritizes quality over quantity. D. It prefers writing to oral exchanges. 29. Why does the author mention the Chile mining accident in paragraph 3? A. To introduce a tool developed during brainwriting. B. To praise a young man with brainwriting technique. C. To illustrate a successful application of brainwriting. D. To explain the role of brainwriting in communication. 30. How does brainwriting promote collective intelligence according to paragraph 4? A. By blocking the loudest voices. B. By allowing equal involvement. C. By improving individual wisdom. D. By generating more creative ideas. 31. Which step of brainwriting does the author stress in the last paragraph? A. Individual writing. B. Group sharing. C. Personal evaluation. D. Joint discussion. D As most Americans spend at least 50% of their food budget dining out, public criticism falls on restaurants to help consumers make healthier food choices. The Menu Labeling Final Rule has come into effect, requiring restaurants with more than 20 locations to show the calories of food on menus. By representing these values in a discrepant way — using physically larger numbers on the page for lower-calorie options, and smaller numbers for high-calorie foods — businesses can shift customers’ preferences toward healthier food, according to Ruiying Cai from the Washington State University. In their study, Cai and her colleagues asked participants to choose between a less healthy item and a healthier option after randomly assigning them to two groups. In the first group, calorie counts and font sizes rose and fell together. In the second group, the size became larger as the calorie count fell. Researchers also asked participants questions to assess their health-consciousness. Results showed participants in the second group, who saw low calorie counts printed in large sizes, were more likely to adopt the healthier option. Moreover, less health- conscious participants were the most affected, while people with more health awareness were less influenced since they already favored healthier food. This research adjusted customer behaviors by creating a Stroop effect. Named after psychologist J. Ridley Stroop, the Stroop effect refers to a delay in reaction to mismatch in its classic form. For example, if the word “purple” is written in green, it takes respondents longer time to identify the color than if the word and the color match. Similarly, the effect is observed when the physical size of the number does not match its number in this study. “Restaurants are interested in encouraging customers to make healthier choices,” Cai said. However, simply labeling the food as healthy may not have the intended effect. “Healthy food items could be profitable for restaurants, but whenever a ‘healthy’ label is attached, people may assume it does not taste good,” she explained. “We’re trying to provide restaurants with indirect suggestions, rather than saying it out loud.” 32. What does the underlined word “discrepant” in paragraph 2mean? A. Creative. B. Relative C. Conflicting D. Misleading 33. Which of the following type of customers would be affected most from the research? A. Strict diet followers. B. Convenience food fans. C. Homema de meal lovers. D. Health magazine readers. 34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. The significance of research results. B. The measurement of response delays. C. The psychological basis of the study design. D. The influential variations of the Stroop effect. 35. Which of the following might be Cai’s suggestion for restaurants? A. Use font magic to drive healthier choices. B. Pay more attention to the taste of the food. C. Create a quiet dining atmosphere for customers. D. Attach “healthy” labels to the food on the menu. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We clearly live in an era with little patience. Entire TV series are available at once on streaming services, and burning questions are solved in seconds via a search engine. This instant satisfaction, undoubtedly, is killing our ability to wait. ____36____. Here are some strategies to pick up that magic mix if you weren’t born with it. ● Visualize success There’s no need to set a real situation where you wait in a super long grocery checkout line to test yourself. Simply visualizing it helps a lot. See yourself smiling and breathing as you wait for the line to move. ____37____. For example, you could say, “it’s not bad to enjoy this magazine while waiting”. Your mind will start to process the picture as a real experience and help to set you up for future successes. ● Slow down ____38____. We get so caught up in hurrying that we get stuck in that mode. Most adults do not feel happy when they’re rushing, and children are even less capable of doing it with a good attitude. Instead of sweating through your routine, turn on some background music you like and move at a normal pace. ● ____39____ The ability to let your mind wander, whether daydreaming or actively applying your imagination, is a skill that improves patience. You don’t have to get the whole paper done in one go. ____40____. This helps you build up your staying power, so next time you might be more patient and more likely to focus on your task. A. Learn to distract yourself B. Add some positive words if possible C. Therefore,we are getting more and more impatient D. Racing around is not necessarily the only way to get what you want E. But sometimes,we know a fast pace does improves our working efficiency F. Thus, the loss of this mixed quality of tolerance and calmness is unavoidable G. Take a break and do something that could free your brain from the work that takes tons of energy. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Several years ago, a neighbor kid kicked a football and broke a basement window of my house. Due to financial problems, I ____41____ it up, thinking I’d change it someday. Over the years, I had planned to upgrade to energy-efficient windows. But with the frame rusted (锈) and firmly ____42____ in the wall, whoever did it would need to chisel (凿) it out by hand. It would be a ____43____ process and there were six of those windows in the house. The cost was estimated at $15,000. It was simply ____44____. Honestly, the thought of that window ____45____ me for years. I knew I needed to fix it, but I had built up the ____46____ so much in my mind that I put it off again and again. Then I had a job change and needed to sell the house before moving away. But it was almost ____47____ to find a buyer if there was a broken window. So I pulled off the boards to face this thing head-on. I grabbed some rust remover, ____48____ it around the frame of the window, and gave it a pull. To my astonishment, it easily ____49____. I took the window downtown. It only cost me $12. I could have ____50____ the problem for only $12 when it occurred, but I let it bother me for five years! ____51____, this isn’t just about my window. Many of us live with broken windows of one type or another. They are things that seriously affect our ____52____ of life. If you recognize your broken window, don’t ____53____ to mend it. It may turn out to be ____54____ than expected. Usually we suffer more in ____55____ than in reality 41. A. made B. tore C. boarded D. packed 42. A. lost B. buried C. stuck D. mixed 43. A. Brain-burning B. labor-consuming C. energy-wasting D. risk-taking 44. A. out of reach B. in a mess C. beyond control D. at hand 45. A. frightened B. attract C. dominated D. bothered 46. A. recreation B. difficulty C. confidence D. regulation 47. A. impossible B. ashamed C. unfair D. pointless 48. A. blew B. batted C. spread D. passed 49. A. fell B. missed C. broke D. moved 50. A. addressed B. submitted C. ignored D. considered 51. A. Fortunately B. Actually C. Consequently D. Unexpectedly 52. A. way B. quantity C. quality D. pace 53. A. hesitate B. attempt C. pretend D. guarantee 54. A. tougher B. easier C. worse D. rarer 55. A. endurance B. memory C. practice D. imagination 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese ci poetry is usually translated into English as “song lyrics”. This is because ci was created ____56____ (fit) pre-existing tunes. The number of lines, the line lengths and the rhythmic patterns of ci vary with the tunes, ____57____ number in the hundreds. Often ____58____ (compose) at a banquet (宴会), ci would be written down by guests and then sung by musical performers as entertainment. On other ____59____ (occasion), the poet might sing the lyrics to himself at home or while traveling. This oral and musical quality of ci sets ____60____ apart from other types of poetry in China during the same period. There are two main types of ci: wǎnyuē and háofàng. The wǎnyuē ci ____61____ (primary) focuses on emotion and many of its lyrics are about courtship and love, while the háofàng ci often deals with themes that ____62____ (consider) deeper by audiences. Su Shi was one of the best-known ci poets of the Song Dynasty, and also a ____63____ (lead) reformer of the ci genre (类型). Before Su Shi, the primary form of ci was wǎnyue. As a pioneer of the háofàng ci, Su Shi wrote on ____64____ broad range of non-traditional topics, often closely related to his own life experience. A _____65_____ (various) of audiences can identify with the feelings he describes. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文（满分15分） 66. 假如你是李华，近期你校的英语社团将举办主题为“饮食习惯与健康生活”的英语演讲比赛，你很感兴趣。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛。 内容包括： 1．当前学生的饮食习惯现状； 2．提出良好饮食习惯的建议。 3．呼吁 注意：1．字数80词左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头结尾已给出，但不计入总词数 Good morning, everyone! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all! Thank you for your listening. 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 An A for Mrs Bartlett I was sitting next to Missy in my ninth-grade world history class when Mrs. Bartlett announced a new project. In groups, we were to create a poster around what we were studying. On a piece of paper, we wrote the names of three friends we wanted in our group. After collecting all the requests, Mrs. Bartlett informed us that she would take into consideration the names we chose and would let us know the results the next day. I was a well-rounded top student in the class, so I had no doubt I would get the group of my choice. There were only a handful of sociably decent people in the class, and Missy was one of them. I knew we had chosen each other. The next day, I anxiously awaited the class. After the bell rang, Missy and I stopped talking as Mrs. Bartlett called for our attention. She started to call out names. When she reached group three, Missy’s name was called. So I’m in group three, I thought. The second, third and fourth members of the group were called. My name was not included. There had to be some mistake! Then I heard it. The last group: “ Mauro, Juliette, Rachel, Karina. ” I could feel the tears well in my eyes. How could I face being in that group — the boy who barely spoke English, the one girl who was always covered by skirts that went down to her ankles, and the other girl who was often wearing very strange and unusual clothes with fancy items. They certainly fell into the category of the least popular in our class. They were considered misfits (不合群的人)! There must be something wrong! Mrs. Bartlett was such a person of insight, vision and thoughtfulness that she never forgot to bring out the potential of all her students. Oh, how badly I wanted to be with my friends. Finally I was determined to convince her I should be in the “ good ” group. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I fought back tears as I walked up to Mrs. Bartlett. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Halfway through the week, I felt myself enjoying the company of these three misfits. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$