1-2-2 Unit 2 整体掌握 Reading and Thinking 课文篇—2019人教版高考英语必修第一册英语24字整体教学讲义

Unit 2 Reading and Thinking 整体掌握 课文篇 2019人教版高考英语必修第一册 英语24字整体教学讲义 学生版 目 录 ◆阅读清障——课文词块，词汇英汉匹配 ◆ 课文释译——重点词汇标注，重点句型讲解 ▶理解探究 SKIMMING • 整体理解 • 文本宏观框架 SCANNING • 细节探究 • 文本微观剖析 REREADING • 主题实践 • 阅读思维升华 RETELLING • 整体掌握 • 文本知识浓缩 Reading and Thinking ◆阅读清障 Ⅰ. Match the words on the left with the Chinese meaning on the right. 1. source A. adj. 平坦的; 扁平的 n. 公寓; 单元房 2. flat B. adj.官方的；正式的; 公务的 n. 官员；要员 3. emperor C. n. 地点；位置；现场 4. site D. n. 皇帝 5. official E. n. 来源；出处 6. recognize A. adj. 唯一的；独特的; 特有的 7. type B. n. 空中航行; 航班；航程 8. flight C. n. 住处；停留处；膳宿 9. accommodation D. n.类型; 种类 vi. & vt. 打字 10. unique E. vt. 辨别出; 承认; 认可 11. brochure A. n. 文明；闻名世界 12. contact B. n. 资料(或广告)手册 13. civilisation C. n.士兵; 军人 14. soldier D. vt. 联络；联系 n. 联系；接触 15. transport E. 交通运输系统 vt. 运输；运送 Ⅱ. Match the lexical chunks on the left with the Chinese meaning on the right. 16. apply for A. 包价旅游 17. take control of B. 除……以外; 除了 18. other than C. 构成; 形成 19. package tour D. 控制; 接管 20. make up E. 申请 21. get ready for A. the architecture 22. on the way to the destination B. 对……做好准备 23. on amazing narrow paths C. 去徒步旅行 24. go hiking D. 在令人惊奇的狭窄的路上 25. admire E. 在去往目的地的途中 ◆ 课文释译 词汇助读 原文 译文 ①Peru n．秘鲁(国家名) ②narrow adj.狭窄的vi.&vt.(使)变窄 narrowly adv.狭隘地；有限地 反义： broad adj.宽阔的 ③flat adj.平坦的；扁平的n.公寓；单元房 ④ the Andes Mountains安第斯山脉 ⑤ the Amazon rainforest亚马孙雨林 ⑥ powerful adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的 ⑦empire n．帝国 the Inca Empire印加帝国 ⑧emperor n．皇帝 ⑨site n．地点；位置；现场 ⑩Machu Picchu 马丘比丘 ⑪ Spain n．西班牙 Spanish n．西班牙语；西班牙人adj.西班牙的 ⑫take control of控制；接管 ⑬official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的n.官员；要员 ①flight n. 空中航行；航班；航程 ②accommodation n. 住处；停留处；膳宿 ③unique adj. 唯一的；独特的；特有的 ④path n. 小路；路线；道路 ⑤on the way to在去……的路上 ⑥destination n. 目的地；终点 ⑦other than 除……以外 ⑧admire vt. 钦佩；赞赏 ⑨architecture n. 建筑设计；建筑学 architect n. 建筑设计师 ⑩connect v．联结，连接；联系，关联 ⑪be made of 由……制作而成；由……制成 　　PERU① is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow②， dry, flat③land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains④， and the Amazon rainforest⑤. In the 1400s and 1500s, Peru was the centre of the powerful⑥ancient Inca Empire⑦. The Inca emperor⑧lived in the now­famous site⑨ Machu Picchu⑩. Spain⑪ took control of⑫ Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official⑬language of Peru. Amazon Rainforest Tour A short flight① from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. From there, you'll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation② in the middle of the forest. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique③ to the rainforest. Machu Picchu Tour This four­day walking tour will take you on amazing paths④ through the Andes Mountains on the way to⑤ the city of Machu Picchu. After reaching your destination⑥， you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than⑦ the perfect fit of the stones. Cusco Tour Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire⑧ the architecture⑨， enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets. Lake Titicaca Tour Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting⑩ Cusco to Lake Titicaca. There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes are made of ⑪water plants from the lake. 　　秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，有三个主要地区：沿着海岸的狭窄的、干燥的、平坦的土地、安第斯山脉和亚马孙雨林。 在15世纪和16世纪，秘鲁是强大的古印加帝国的中心。印加帝国的皇帝住在现在著名的马丘比丘。西班牙在16世纪控制了秘鲁，并一直统治到1821年。正因为如此，西班牙语成了秘鲁的主要官方语言。 亚马孙雨林之行 从安第斯山脉的库斯科短暂飞行进入亚马孙雨林。从那里开始，你要坐一天的船到热带雨林中心的住处。紧接着，你有三天的时间在本地导游的带领下探索和欣赏亚马孙雨林中独特的植物和动物。 马丘比丘之行 为期四天的徒步旅行，从安第斯山脉到马丘比丘市，我们将带你踏上一条神奇之路。到达目的地后，你有一天的时间去探索这个令你惊叹的古老城市。尤其会感叹印加干石式的建筑形式。印加的建筑工人把石头切成精准的建造尺寸，这样的话不需要任何其他东西支撑墙壁，只用石头就构成了完美的结构。 库斯科之行 花四天时间在库斯科的安第斯山脉欣赏独特的西班牙和当地的印第安文化，库斯科从13世纪到16世纪是印加帝国的首都。住在当地的旅店，参观博物馆，欣赏当地的建筑物，享受美味的本地食物，然后还可以去当地的市场购物。 的的喀喀湖之行 当你花一天的时间沿着连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖新建成的高速公路自驾时，可以欣赏美丽的乡村风景。在那里，小船会带你去岛上当地的乌鲁斯人家住宿三天。整个小岛和乌鲁斯人的家都是用来自湖里的水生植物建成的 ▶理解探究 SKIMMING • 整体理解 • 文本宏观框架 1.What's the main idea of Text 1? A．Introducing the Pacific coast. B．Introducing the geographical location, the history and the official language. C．Introducing the ancient Inca Empire. D．Introducing the Andes Mountains. 2．Match the main idea of each paragraph in Text 2. Para. 1 　　　　 A．The four­day Machu Picchu Tour. Para. 2 　　　 B．The four­day Lake Titicaca Tour. Para. 3 　　　 C．Encourage people to travel to Peru. Para. 4 　　　 D．The four­day Cusco Tour. Para. 5 　　　 E．A brief introduction about Amazon Rainforest Tour. Para. 6 　　　 F．How to get more brochures about other package tours around Peru. 【阅读策略点拨】 Task 1：赏语言 1．Text 2第一段最后一句中用explore和unique两个词生动描写出亚马孙热带雨林的神秘与独特。 2．Text 2第二段中两次使用形容词amazing，以赞叹的语气描写了这段旅程的魅力所在，特别是倒装结构“Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building”，把作表语的形容词amazing以及其修饰语提前至句首更是凸显了古城Machu Picchu 的独特魅力，从而起到吸引读者的作用。 Task 2：析结构 文章按照“先总后分”结构，以空间和时间顺序组织的。文章 TRAVEL PERU为典型的旅游手册，其明线是对秘鲁的四个著名景点的特色作了简明扼要的介绍，并从跟团游所需时间、交通方式、住宿地点、活动内容等方面作了详细介绍，使读者对每个景点的概况有所了解；其暗线则是对秘鲁的主要地理概况、著名景点、气候、以及风土人情等进行介绍，让读者了解秘鲁的地理、历史、建筑、文化、交通、民族等主要概况。 Task 3：理文化 美洲印第安古代文明之印加文明 印加文明，著名的美洲古文明之一。和美洲大陆上另一著名的古文明玛雅一样，印加文明充满神秘色彩，令人叹为观止。印加的地域，用今天的地图来标识，大约是以秘鲁为中心向外延展。当年西班牙征服者到达后，就将印加称为“秘鲁”，“秘鲁”这个名称就沿用下来了，但今天的秘鲁与当年的印加相比范围要小许多。 印加的疆域包括了现在的秘鲁、厄瓜多尔和玻利维亚三个国家的领土，以及哥伦比亚、阿根廷和智利国土中的一部分，总面积达到200多万平方公里。它的疆界北起哥伦比亚的安卡斯马约河，南至智利中部的马乌菜河，东抵亚马孙河森林，东南到达阿根廷的图库曼，西临太平洋。 随着16世纪这片土地被西班牙人征服，有关印加的传说以及对这个文明的景仰之情便迅速从南美流传到欧洲。印加的发现，在当时的欧洲造成了一次势头不小的“印加热”。人们不仅为印加帝国罕见的富庶着迷，更不可思议的是，在历来以文明自诩的欧洲，一批有识之士对印加的“文明度”发出了由衷的赞美。印加文明，不得不令人刮目相看。 SCANNING • 细节探究 • 文本微观剖析 I. Long sentence analysis. (1)(祈使句)Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. (同位语)  译文: 在位于安第斯山脉上的库斯科游玩四天, ____________________________________________________。库斯科从13世纪至16世纪是印加帝国的首都。 (2)(祈使句)So come and experience what Peru has to offer(宾语从句): everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries-old Spanish villages to deep rainforests, high mountains and a beautiful coastline.   译文: 欢迎您来体验秘鲁的万种风情: __________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________。 Ⅱ. Choose the best answer according to the text. 1．We can learn from the first text that 　　　　． A．Peru is a coastal country with a pleasant living condition B．Spain controlled Peru for about three centuries C．the Andes Mountains surround Peru D．Spanish is the second language of Peru 2．Where can you explore the Incas' dry stone method of building? A．In the Amazon Rainforest. B．In Machu Picchu. C．In Cusco. D．Near the Lake Titicaca. 3．The word “fit” in the second part probably means “　　　　”． A．enough space for people or things B．a very strong emotion that you can't control C．the way that something is suitable for a particular person, space，etc. D．a short period of time when someone stops working 4．The author wrote this passage in order to 　　　　Ｗ． A．help people learn more about Peru B．encourage people to travel more C．tell people to stay outdoors longer D．recommend four tourist attractions of Peru Ⅲ. Read and appreciate the sentences below to improve your writing skills. 1.Read the passage carefully and find out the sentences to describe the geography. （细读短文并找出描写地形的句子） ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2．Read the passage carefully and find out the sentences to describe the history. （细读短文并找出描写历史的句子） ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3．Read the passage carefully and find out the sentences to describe the means of transport. （细读短文并找出描写交通方式的句子） ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ REREADING • 主题实践 • 阅读思维升华 Ⅰ. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks. Explore Peru Introduction The location and its (1)_____________． Travel Peru Four recommended hot picks Tour 1 Spending three days (2)_____________ the rainforest with a local guide. Tour 2 A four­day (3)_____________ tour to paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of (4)_____________． Tour 3 Spending four days (5)_____________ the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco. Tour 4 Enjoying the beautiful countryside along the new highway (6)_____________ Cusco to Lake Titicaca. Ⅱ. Work in groups and discuss the question. 1. In these four package tours, which do you like best? Why? (Creative Thinking 创造性思维) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Do you like to go to the Amazon rainforest? Why? (Creative Thinking 创造性思维) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________  3. Can you speak something about Machu Picchu? (Divergent Thinking发散性思维) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   RETELLING • 整体掌握 • 文本知识浓缩 After reading the passage, retell the text according to the tips. (一行学一句话，一格背一语块） 英语24字整体教学法整体阅读复述课文 操作方法： A. 让学生合上书，教师用教杆指着黑板上的简笔画和语句要点提示从头到尾将课文内容复述两遍，让学生用心听准、记熟。 B. 教师用教杆指着图和文大声复述，学生小声跟随教师复述课文。 C. 用上述方法教师小声，学生大声复述课文2-3遍。 D. 教师不出声，让学生大声看着图文复述课文。 E. 让学生看着图文自由复述课文。 F. 采用抢答式，找几位学生在座位上复述课文，每生只复述一幅图。 G. 采用抢答式，找1名优秀生在座位上看着图(文字可擦掉)从头至尾将课文复述完。 H. 采用抢答式，找1名学生到黑板前面，面对全体学生不看图和文字提示，将课文从头至尾复述完。 I. 教师用教杆指着图和文让全班学生一起大声将课文从头到尾复述一遍。 至此，全班学生可熟练掌握课文，优生可背诵，个别记不住的，课下看看书也就记熟了。 Peru is ____________ ____________ of ____________, which includes ____________. 秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，它包括三大地区。 ____________ is ____________ ____________ the coast ____________. 其中之一是沿着海岸延伸的干燥平原。 ____________ are the Andes Mountains and ____________. 另外两个是安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。 ____________, Peru was ____________ Inca Empire, whose emperor ____________ in Machu Picchu, ____________ now. 在古代，秘鲁是强大的印加帝国的中心，其皇帝选择住在马丘比丘，现在著名的旅游景点之一。 Spain ____________ Peru ____________, so Spanish ____________ ____________. 西班牙在16世纪控制了秘鲁，所以用西班牙语在许多场合被作为正式用语。 Finally Peru ____________ Spain. 最终，秘鲁摆脱西班牙统治获得了独立。 ____________, you can enjoy ____________ the rainforest. 在亚马逊热带雨林之旅中，你可以欣赏到热带雨林特有的动植物。 In ____________, you will ____________ Incas’dry stone ____________ building. 在为期四天的马丘比丘之旅中，你会惊讶于印加人的干石头建筑方法。 Cusco was ____________ the Inca Empire ____________. 库斯科从13世纪到16世纪一直是印加帝国的首都。 The Cusco tour can _________ _________ and _________ high in the Andes at Cusco, 库斯科之旅可以让你在库斯科安第斯山脉的高地上，欣赏独特的西班牙和当地的印度文化。 You can also ____________ the new highway ____________ in the Lake Titicaca tour 你也可以花一天的时间在的的喀喀湖之旅中，沿着新高速公路欣赏美丽的乡村。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Reading and Thinking 整体掌握 课文篇 2019人教版高考英语必修第一册 英语24字整体教学讲义 教师版 目 录 ◆阅读清障——课文词块，词汇英汉匹配 ◆ 课文释译——重点词汇标注，重点句型讲解 ▶理解探究 SKIMMING • 整体理解 • 文本宏观框架 SCANNING • 细节探究 • 文本微观剖析 REREADING • 主题实践 • 阅读思维升华 RETELLING • 整体掌握 • 文本知识浓缩 Reading and Thinking ◆阅读清障 Ⅰ. Match the words on the left with the Chinese meaning on the right. 1. source A. adj. 平坦的; 扁平的 n. 公寓; 单元房 2. flat B. adj.官方的；正式的; 公务的 n. 官员；要员 3. emperor C. n. 地点；位置；现场 4. site D. n. 皇帝 5. official E. n. 来源；出处 6. recognize A. adj. 唯一的；独特的; 特有的 7. type B. n. 空中航行; 航班；航程 8. flight C. n. 住处；停留处；膳宿 9. accommodation D. n.类型; 种类 vi. & vt. 打字 10. unique E. vt. 辨别出; 承认; 认可 11. brochure A. n. 文明；闻名世界 12. contact B. n. 资料(或广告)手册 13. civilisation C. n.士兵; 军人 14. soldier D. vt. 联络；联系 n. 联系；接触 15. transport E. 交通运输系统 vt. 运输；运送 Ⅱ. Match the lexical chunks on the left with the Chinese meaning on the right. 16. apply for A. 包价旅游 17. take control of B. 除……以外; 除了 18. other than C. 构成; 形成 19. package tour D. 控制; 接管 20. make up E. 申请 21. get ready for A. the architecture 22. on the way to the destination B. 对……做好准备 23. on amazing narrow paths C. 去徒步旅行 24. go hiking D. 在令人惊奇的狭窄的路上 25. admire E. 在去往目的地的途中 【答案】 Ⅰ. 1-5 EADCB 6-10 EDBCA 11-15 BDACE Ⅱ. 16-20 EDBAC 21- 25 BEDCA ◆ 课文释译 词汇助读 原文 译文 ①Peru n．秘鲁(国家名) ②narrow adj.狭窄的vi.&vt.(使)变窄 narrowly adv.狭隘地；有限地 反义： broad adj.宽阔的 ③flat adj.平坦的；扁平的n.公寓；单元房 ④ the Andes Mountains安第斯山脉 ⑤ the Amazon rainforest亚马孙雨林 ⑥ powerful adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的 ⑦empire n．帝国 the Inca Empire印加帝国 ⑧emperor n．皇帝 ⑨site n．地点；位置；现场 ⑩Machu Picchu 马丘比丘 ⑪ Spain n．西班牙 Spanish n．西班牙语；西班牙人adj.西班牙的 ⑫take control of控制；接管 ⑬official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的n.官员；要员 ①flight n. 空中航行；航班；航程 ②accommodation n. 住处；停留处；膳宿 ③unique adj. 唯一的；独特的；特有的 ④path n. 小路；路线；道路 ⑤on the way to在去……的路上 ⑥destination n. 目的地；终点 ⑦other than 除……以外 ⑧admire vt. 钦佩；赞赏 ⑨architecture n. 建筑设计；建筑学 architect n. 建筑设计师 ⑩connect v．联结，连接；联系，关联 ⑪be made of 由……制作而成；由……制成 　　PERU① is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow②， dry, flat③land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains④， and the Amazon rainforest⑤. In the 1400s and 1500s, Peru was the centre of the powerful⑥ancient Inca Empire⑦. The Inca emperor⑧lived in the now­famous site⑨ Machu Picchu⑩. Spain⑪ took control of⑫ Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official⑬language of Peru. Amazon Rainforest Tour A short flight① from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. From there, you'll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation② in the middle of the forest. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique③ to the rainforest. Machu Picchu Tour This four­day walking tour will take you on amazing paths④ through the Andes Mountains on the way to⑤ the city of Machu Picchu. After reaching your destination⑥， you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than⑦ the perfect fit of the stones. Cusco Tour Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire⑧ the architecture⑨， enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets. Lake Titicaca Tour Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting⑩ Cusco to Lake Titicaca. There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes are made of ⑪water plants from the lake. 　　秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，有三个主要地区：沿着海岸的狭窄的、干燥的、平坦的土地、安第斯山脉和亚马孙雨林。 在15世纪和16世纪，秘鲁是强大的古印加帝国的中心。印加帝国的皇帝住在现在著名的马丘比丘。西班牙在16世纪控制了秘鲁，并一直统治到1821年。正因为如此，西班牙语成了秘鲁的主要官方语言。 亚马孙雨林之行 从安第斯山脉的库斯科短暂飞行进入亚马孙雨林。从那里开始，你要坐一天的船到热带雨林中心的住处。紧接着，你有三天的时间在本地导游的带领下探索和欣赏亚马孙雨林中独特的植物和动物。 马丘比丘之行 为期四天的徒步旅行，从安第斯山脉到马丘比丘市，我们将带你踏上一条神奇之路。到达目的地后，你有一天的时间去探索这个令你惊叹的古老城市。尤其会感叹印加干石式的建筑形式。印加的建筑工人把石头切成精准的建造尺寸，这样的话不需要任何其他东西支撑墙壁，只用石头就构成了完美的结构。 库斯科之行 花四天时间在库斯科的安第斯山脉欣赏独特的西班牙和当地的印第安文化，库斯科从13世纪到16世纪是印加帝国的首都。住在当地的旅店，参观博物馆，欣赏当地的建筑物，享受美味的本地食物，然后还可以去当地的市场购物。 的的喀喀湖之行 当你花一天的时间沿着连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖新建成的高速公路自驾时，可以欣赏美丽的乡村风景。在那里，小船会带你去岛上当地的乌鲁斯人家住宿三天。整个小岛和乌鲁斯人的家都是用来自湖里的水生植物建成的 ▶理解探究 SKIMMING • 整体理解 • 文本宏观框架 1.What's the main idea of Text 1? A．Introducing the Pacific coast. B．Introducing the geographical location, the history and the official language. C．Introducing the ancient Inca Empire. D．Introducing the Andes Mountains. 2．Match the main idea of each paragraph in Text 2. Para. 1 　　　　 A．The four­day Machu Picchu Tour. Para. 2 　　　 B．The four­day Lake Titicaca Tour. Para. 3 　　　 C．Encourage people to travel to Peru. Para. 4 　　　 D．The four­day Cusco Tour. Para. 5 　　　 E．A brief introduction about Amazon Rainforest Tour. Para. 6 　　　 F．How to get more brochures about other package tours around Peru. 【答案】 1．B　2.EADBCF 【阅读策略点拨】 Task 1：赏语言 1．Text 2第一段最后一句中用explore和unique两个词生动描写出亚马孙热带雨林的神秘与独特。 2．Text 2第二段中两次使用形容词amazing，以赞叹的语气描写了这段旅程的魅力所在，特别是倒装结构“Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building”，把作表语的形容词amazing以及其修饰语提前至句首更是凸显了古城Machu Picchu 的独特魅力，从而起到吸引读者的作用。 Task 2：析结构 文章按照“先总后分”结构，以空间和时间顺序组织的。文章 TRAVEL PERU为典型的旅游手册，其明线是对秘鲁的四个著名景点的特色作了简明扼要的介绍，并从跟团游所需时间、交通方式、住宿地点、活动内容等方面作了详细介绍，使读者对每个景点的概况有所了解；其暗线则是对秘鲁的主要地理概况、著名景点、气候、以及风土人情等进行介绍，让读者了解秘鲁的地理、历史、建筑、文化、交通、民族等主要概况。 Task 3：理文化 美洲印第安古代文明之印加文明 印加文明，著名的美洲古文明之一。和美洲大陆上另一著名的古文明玛雅一样，印加文明充满神秘色彩，令人叹为观止。印加的地域，用今天的地图来标识，大约是以秘鲁为中心向外延展。当年西班牙征服者到达后，就将印加称为“秘鲁”，“秘鲁”这个名称就沿用下来了，但今天的秘鲁与当年的印加相比范围要小许多。 印加的疆域包括了现在的秘鲁、厄瓜多尔和玻利维亚三个国家的领土，以及哥伦比亚、阿根廷和智利国土中的一部分，总面积达到200多万平方公里。它的疆界北起哥伦比亚的安卡斯马约河，南至智利中部的马乌菜河，东抵亚马孙河森林，东南到达阿根廷的图库曼，西临太平洋。 随着16世纪这片土地被西班牙人征服，有关印加的传说以及对这个文明的景仰之情便迅速从南美流传到欧洲。印加的发现，在当时的欧洲造成了一次势头不小的“印加热”。人们不仅为印加帝国罕见的富庶着迷，更不可思议的是，在历来以文明自诩的欧洲，一批有识之士对印加的“文明度”发出了由衷的赞美。印加文明，不得不令人刮目相看。 SCANNING • 细节探究 • 文本微观剖析 I. Long sentence analysis. (1)(祈使句)Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. (同位语)  译文: 在位于安第斯山脉上的库斯科游玩四天, 尽享独特的西班牙和当地印第安文化。库斯科从13世纪至16世纪是印加帝国的首都。 (2)(祈使句)So come and experience what Peru has to offer(宾语从句): everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries-old Spanish villages to deep rainforests, high mountains and a beautiful coastline.   译文: 欢迎您来体验秘鲁的万种风情: 这里既有古印加文化和数百年历史的西班牙村庄, 也有茂盛的雨林、雄伟的山脉和美丽的海岸线。 Ⅱ. Choose the best answer according to the text. 1．We can learn from the first text that 　　　　． A．Peru is a coastal country with a pleasant living condition B．Spain controlled Peru for about three centuries C．the Andes Mountains surround Peru D．Spanish is the second language of Peru 2．Where can you explore the Incas' dry stone method of building? A．In the Amazon Rainforest. B．In Machu Picchu. C．In Cusco. D．Near the Lake Titicaca. 3．The word “fit” in the second part probably means “　　　　”． A．enough space for people or things B．a very strong emotion that you can't control C．the way that something is suitable for a particular person, space，etc. D．a short period of time when someone stops working 4．The author wrote this passage in order to 　　　　Ｗ． A．help people learn more about Peru B．encourage people to travel more C．tell people to stay outdoors longer D．recommend four tourist attractions of Peru 【答案】 1．B　2.B　3.C　4.D Ⅲ. Read and appreciate the sentences below to improve your writing skills. 1.Read the passage carefully and find out the sentences to describe the geography. （细读短文并找出描写地形的句子） ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2．Read the passage carefully and find out the sentences to describe the history. （细读短文并找出描写历史的句子） ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3．Read the passage carefully and find out the sentences to describe the means of transport. （细读短文并找出描写交通方式的句子） ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast，the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest. 2．(1)In the 1400s and 1500s, Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire. (2)Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. 3．(1)A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. (2)This four­day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu. (3)There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. REREADING • 主题实践 • 阅读思维升华 Ⅰ. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks. Explore Peru Introduction The location and its (1)__history__． Travel Peru Four recommended hot picks Tour 1 Spending three days (2)__exploring__ the rainforest with a local guide. Tour 2 A four­day (3)__walking__ tour to paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of (4)__Machu__Picchu__． Tour 3 Spending four days (5)__enjoying__ the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco. Tour 4 Enjoying the beautiful countryside along the new highway (6)__connecting__ Cusco to Lake Titicaca. Ⅱ. Work in groups and discuss the question. 1. In these four package tours, which do you like best? Why? (Creative Thinking 创造性思维) I like Cusco tour best. Because I’m interested in the unique Spanish and local Indian culture.   2. Do you like to go to the Amazon rainforest? Why? (Creative Thinking 创造性思维) Yes, I do. Because I can enjoy the plants and animals unique to the rainforest.   3. Can you speak something about Machu Picchu? (Divergent Thinking发散性思维) It is an ancient and famous city. The Inca emperor lived there. There are many old buildings made of stones.   RETELLING • 整体掌握 • 文本知识浓缩 After reading the passage, retell the text according to the tips. (一行学一句话，一格背一语块） 英语24字整体教学法整体阅读复述课文 操作方法： A. 让学生合上书，教师用教杆指着黑板上的简笔画和语句要点提示从头到尾将课文内容复述两遍，让学生用心听准、记熟。 B. 教师用教杆指着图和文大声复述，学生小声跟随教师复述课文。 C. 用上述方法教师小声，学生大声复述课文2-3遍。 D. 教师不出声，让学生大声看着图文复述课文。 E. 让学生看着图文自由复述课文。 F. 采用抢答式，找几位学生在座位上复述课文，每生只复述一幅图。 G. 采用抢答式，找1名优秀生在座位上看着图(文字可擦掉)从头至尾将课文复述完。 H. 采用抢答式，找1名学生到黑板前面，面对全体学生不看图和文字提示，将课文从头至尾复述完。 I. 教师用教杆指着图和文让全班学生一起大声将课文从头到尾复述一遍。 至此，全班学生可熟练掌握课文，优生可背诵，个别记不住的，课下看看书也就记熟了。 Peru is ____________ ____________ of ____________, which includes ____________. 秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，它包括三大地区。 ____________ is ____________ ____________ the coast ____________. 其中之一是沿着海岸延伸的干燥平原。 ____________ are the Andes Mountains and ____________. 另外两个是安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。 ____________, Peru was ____________ Inca Empire, whose emperor ____________ in Machu Picchu, ____________ now. 在古代，秘鲁是强大的印加帝国的中心，其皇帝选择住在马丘比丘，现在著名的旅游景点之一。 Spain ____________ Peru ____________, so Spanish ____________ ____________. 西班牙在16世纪控制了秘鲁，所以用西班牙语在许多场合被作为正式用语。 Finally Peru ____________ Spain. 最终，秘鲁摆脱西班牙统治获得了独立。 ____________, you can enjoy ____________ the rainforest. 在亚马逊热带雨林之旅中，你可以欣赏到热带雨林特有的动植物。 In ____________, you will ____________ Incas’dry stone ____________ building. 在为期四天的马丘比丘之旅中，你会惊讶于印加人的干石头建筑方法。 Cusco was ____________ the Inca Empire ____________. 库斯科从13世纪到16世纪一直是印加帝国的首都。 The Cusco tour can _________ _________ and _________ high in the Andes at Cusco, 库斯科之旅可以让你在库斯科安第斯山脉的高地上，欣赏独特的西班牙和当地的印度文化。 You can also ____________ the new highway ____________ in the Lake Titicaca tour 你也可以花一天的时间在的的喀喀湖之旅中，沿着新高速公路欣赏美丽的乡村。 【浓缩文和译文】 Peru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America, which includes three main areas. One of them is the dry flat land running along the coast in the belt shape. The other two are the Andes Mountains and the Amazon rainforest. In ancient times, Peru was the center of the powerful Inca Empire, whose emperor chose to live in Machu Picchu, one of the famous tourist sites now. Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century, so Spanish is officially spoken on many occasions. Finally Peru gained its independence from Spain. In the Amazon rainforest tour, you can enjoy the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. In the four-day Machu Piccu tour, you will be amazed by Incas’ dry stone method of building. Cusco was the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. The Cusco tour can make you enjoy the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco. You can also spend a day driving along the new highway to enjoy the beautiful countryside in the Lake Titicaca tour. 秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，它包括三大地区。其中之一是沿着海岸延伸的干燥平原。另外两个是安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。在古代，秘鲁是强大的印加帝国的中心，其皇帝选择住在马丘比丘，现在著名的旅游景点之一。西班牙在16世纪控制了秘鲁，所以用西班牙语在许多场合被作为正式用语。最终，秘鲁摆脱西班牙统治获得了独立。 在亚马逊热带雨林之旅中，你可以欣赏到热带雨林特有的动植物。在为期四天的马丘比丘之旅中，你会惊讶于印加人的干石头建筑方法。库斯科从13世纪到16世纪一直是印加帝国的首都。库斯科之旅可以让你在库斯科安第斯山脉的高地上，欣赏独特的西班牙和当地的印度文化。你也可以花一天的时间在的的喀喀湖之旅中，沿着新高速公路欣赏美丽的乡村。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$