精品解析：江苏省盐城市亭湖高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语试题

盐城市亭湖高级中学2023-2024学年度 第二学期高一年级期中考试 英语试卷 （满分150分，时间120分钟） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What might the man want for supper? A. Seafood. B. Steak. C. Noodles. 2. What is the price of the day flight? A. $360. B. $400. C. $410. 3. What is the woman worried about? A. The man’s health. B. The man’s cooking skill. C. The man’s safety in Mexico. 4. Why does the man seem in low spirits? A. He has been sick this week. B. He missed his favorite movies. C. He got little sleep these days. 5. What does the woman mean in the end? A. Alice is not full of energy. B. Alice is too enthusiastic. C. Alice is not suitable for the job. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6-7题。 6. What is the man’s problem? A. He has a backache. B. He took too many pills. C. He lost contact with his doctor. 7. Why does Doctor Green break the rule for the man? A. He is very polite. B. He is seriously ill. C. He can’t afford a full checkup. 听第7段材料，回答第8-9题。 8. What job is the woman applying for? A. A gardener. B. A nurse. C. A teacher. 9. How many hours will the woman work per day? A. Two. B. Four. C. Six. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the woman complain about? A. The building security. B. The building policy. C. The loud music. 11. When does the conversation probably take place? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 12. What will the man do next? A. Call her neighbor. B. Go to the 16th floor. C. Turn off the music player. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13 Where did the man go on holiday? A. Paris. B. Bali. C. London. 14. What did the man do on the first day of his holiday? A. Go swimming. B. Go boating. C. Play volleyball. 15. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Workmates. C. Fellow travelers. 16. How did the man probably feel when he visited the small island? A. Tired. B. Excited. C. Upset. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who are the listeners? A. Parents. B. Students. C. Tourists. 18. What can the listeners do in the morning? A. Have classes. B. Go climbing. C. Sing karaoke. 19. When can the listeners make adventure trips? A. On weekday afternoons. B. On weekday evenings. C. On weekends. 20. Which adventure trip involves hill walking? A The Lake District Adventure. B. The Beach Adventure. C. The London Experience. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A You know that classics like Little Women and To Kill a Mockingbird started as novels. But you probably didn’t know that these other famous movies also came from books. Hidden Figures This film told the story of real-life Katherine Johnson and other female African-American mathematicians who helped drive the United States into space in the 1960s. It was actually based on a 2016 non-fiction book and the movie did boost sales of the book. Forrest Gump The 1994 movie which was based on the book by Winston Groom won six Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Actor for the star Tom Hanks. Although the movie’s critical and box-office success gave the book a huge boost, it’s the film that made its mark on pop culture history. The Girl on the Train Paula Hawkin’s psychological thriller, about a woman on a train who thinks she sees something strange out of the window, was a huge success. But unlike the fast—paced, can’t-be-put-down quality of the novel, the movie was boring. Field of Dreams It’s hard to describe the plot of this movie: Ray Kinsella hears a voice telling him to build a baseball field in his Iowa cornfield, and what happens next explores the themes of lost dreams, childhood heroes, and healing the pain of the past. The 1989 movie is based on W. P. Kinsella’s 1982 original, Shoeless Joe, but cuts out some extra characters. 1. Which is the best choice for a person who loves math? A. Hidden Figures. B. Forrest Gump. C. The Girl on the Train. D. Field of Dreams. 2. Who has won the Academy Award for Best Actor according to the text? A. Tom Hanks. B. Winston Groom. C. Paula Hawkin. D. W. P. Kinsella. 3. What is special about Field of Dreams? A. It is a romantic comedy. B. It presents several themes. C. It shows all the figures in Shoeless Joe. D. It was released in 1982 for the first time. B When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 4 What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention. 7. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. C Despite the fact that parrots are well known for their long lives and complex cognition (认知), it remains unknown whether the two traits (特征) have influenced each other. “The problem has been sourcing good quality data,” said Simeon Smeele, a doctoral student at the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior (MPI-AB) and lead author of a study published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B that tried to solve this question. Scientists from the MPI-AB and the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI-EvA) teamed up with Species360 to compile data from over 130,000 individual parrots sourced from over 1,000 zoos to find the average life span of 217 parrot species. The analysis revealed an astonishing diversity in life expectancy, ranging from an average of two years for the fig parrot up to an average of 30 years for the scarlet macaw. Next, the team tried to determine whether or not parrots’ renowned cognitive abilities had any influence on their longevity. Their results support the theory that increased brain size has enabled longer lifespans. Because brain size relative to body size can be an indicator of intelligence, the findings suggested that the parrots with larger brains were able to survive for longer in the wild. The scientists were surprised that factors such as diet, or the greater developmental time required to develop larger brains, did not lead to longer average lifespans. “We would have expected the developmental path to play a more important role because in primates it is this developmental cost that explains the link between brain size and longevity,” said Smeele. In the future, the team plan to explore if sociality and cultural learning in parrots might have also contributed to long lifespans. Smeele said: “Large-brained birds might spend more time socially learning foraging (觅食) techniques that have been around for multiple generations. This increased learning period could potentially also explain the longer life spans, as it takes more time but also makes the foraging repertoire (全部技能) more adaptive.” 8. What did the study aim to find out about parrots? A. The diversity in their life expectancies. B. The factors that influence their intelligence. C. The traits that help them survive in the wild. D. The link between their cognition and life spans. 9. How did the researchers carry out their study? A. By surveying over 1,000 zoos. B. By examining parrots’ brains. C. By analyzing the collected data. D. By observing parrots’ behavior. 10. Which is a possible cause of parrots’ longevity? A. Their diet. B. Their body size. C. Their larger brains. D. Their brains development time. 11. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Supporting evidence for the research results. B. Potential applications of the research findings. C. A further explanation of the research methods. D. Further research based on current findings. D Coffee is probably the world’s least expensive success power tool. Coffee builds better teams and increases your leadership ability. Coffee also increases your immunity. Unfortunately, we may not be enjoying the benefits or pleasures of coffee too much longer. According to ecologists, there’s a good chance that in 20 or 30 years, the varieties of coffee that we drink today will be extinct (灭绝的). And we’ll be drinking a coffee substitute that more or less resembles the drink we enjoy today. The problem, of course, is the pace of climate change. Successful coffee cultivation has three preconditions: a warm, highly stable (稳定的) tropical (热带的) climate with altitudes that keep air temperature between 18 and 20 degrees Celsius, rich soil full of natural nutrients, and an ecological environment that’s pest and disease resistant. Coffee is a crop that is only grown in a thin band called the “coffee belt” close to the equator (赤道). It simply won’t grow anywhere else. Unfortunately, the “coffee belt” is extremely vulnerable to climate change. If the air is too cold or too hot, it prevents the growth of the coffee plant. Climate change also creates environmental stress, which spreads parasites, pests and plant diseases. All of these increase the fragility of the coffee crop and create the possibility of species-destroying rot. Unfortunately, almost all of these species exist only in Ethiopia, a country that climate change is already hammering. As the environmental nonprofit USAID points out: “Ethiopia is one of the world’s most drought-prone countries. The country is faced with numerous development challenges that exacerbate its weakness facing climate change including increases in temperature, unstable rainfall and unpredictability of seasonal rain, and increased incidences of drought and other extreme events.” In other words, even as climate change threatens coffee as it exists today, climate change is also eating away at the root source which we might turn to for replacement species. What to do? Well, take the time to savor each cup of coffee you drink. Beyond that, stop electing the politicians who deny climate change. 12. What is the author’s feeling about the future of coffee? A. Helpless. B. Bored. C. Happy. D. Concerned. 13. Which condition probably prevents the growth of the coffee plant? A. A tropical climate. B. The rich soil. C. The increasing temperature. D. The stable rainfall. 14. The underlined word in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “________”. A. remove B. worsen C. decrease D. accept 15. What might be the best title for the passage? A. Changing Climate for Coffee B. Enjoy Coffee While You Can C. Benefits from Coffee Drinking D. Conditions for Coffee Planting 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Whether you’re trying to lose weight or simply feel better,a good fitness routine is key.___16___How many times have you committed to a program only to find yourself drifting back into your old habits? Fortunately, there are some easy methods for keeping yourself on track toward your health and fitness goals. Clear Your Head The first step is to fine-tune your mindset. It’s not enough to simply want something.___17___Some people mistakenly believe that this type of mental toughness can only be achieved by people with natural self-control and willpower. Luckily, you can train yourself to be mentally strong by practicing some key behaviors daily. Write It Down Another effective tool is to put them in writing. Set specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound targets for yourself. For example, instead of saying, “I want to start running,” you might define your goal as, “Within six months, I will be able to run a 5K.”___18___ Phone a Friend ___19___Tell this person what you’re aiming for. When you’re feeling unmotivated, give them a call and ask them to remind you why you started down this path. If the person you share your home with can work toward similar health goals, all the better. Make It Fun Getting fit and healthy shouldn’t feel like punishment. Find activities and foods that you actually enjoy. If you hate carrot, don’t force yourself to eat it. Find an alternative like potato, let go of the guilt, and enjoy.___20___ If you hate running, step off it and into something more enjoyable like dancing or cycling. Taking responsibility for your own physical fitness is the foundation of a healthy lifestyle. Set goals that are right for you, hold yourself responsible for achieving them, and celebrate each small victory along the way to success. A. The same goes for exercise. B. Record your daily progress you make. C. But sticking to one can be a challenge. D. If you miss a workout, it doesn’t mean all is lost. E. You have to focus your mental energies on success. F. To keep yourself responsible for the goals you set, have a partner. G. Note down the milestones you’ll meet on the road to achieving your goal. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was appreciating my family photos on my computer, admiring my two beautiful babies when I found a(n) ____21____ scene: my laptop was in almost all the pictures. There was my daughter, 8 months old, playing at my feet while I was ____22____ on the couch. There was my son, with a big transformer, on my left arms. I’d heard about the Internet addiction before, but I always thought it was something only ____23____ playing too much World of Warcraft (a computer game) day and night. Now, it seemed my Internet habit is slowly but surely crossing the ____24____. Sometimes I find myself ____25____ at midnight, surfing the Web ____26____ my family are sleeping. I read news, keep up with friends and write my blog… just for something to do. It ____27____ that I’m not the only mama who is addicted to the computer. These moms are contributing to a growing global addiction. There’s a movement among psychiatrists (doctors who specialize in mental diseases) to ____28____ the Internet addiction as an official mental disorder. And a recent Stanford University national survey found that 14 percent of Internet users find it ____29____ to stay away from it for several days at a time; 9 percent try to hide their ____30____ Internet use from their loved ones; 8 percent admit they use the Web as a way to escape ____31____. You’re likely not the kind of addict who doesn’t bathe and abuses drugs to help stay up for more online time. You may have noticed, ____32____, that going online has become a necessary part of your life, which, ____33____, means a box of clothes goes ____34____. It may also mean you’re missing much time with your baby—something you probably do ____35____ about. 21. A. wonderful B. eye-catching C. scary D. disturbing 22. A. eating B. typing C. singing D. jumping 23. A. limited to B. devoted to C. belonged to D. glued to 24. A. knife B. bridge C. path D. line 25. A. in B. out C. up D. down 26. A. while B. but C. and D. since 27. A. figures out B. turns out C. sets out D. stretches out 28. A. admit B. judge C. regard D. recognize 29. A. obvious B. acceptable C. hard D. favorable 30 A. accessible B. irreplaceable C. unbelievable D. unnecessary 31. A. arrangements B. entertainments C. threats D. discomforts 32. A. therefore B. though C. somehow D. hence 33. A. at least B. above all else C. after all D. at most 34. A. unworn B. unnoticed C. unreported D. unwashed 35. A. hesitate B. bring C. care D. appreciate 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A fire burned up a large part of a forest in the north of Italy on Saturday. Thousands of trees were burned in one of the ____36____ (bad) forest fires in the country’s history. The fire started early ____37____ Saturday afternoon after a long period of drought. The fire very quickly burned vast areas of forest due to high winds. Firefighters battled on foot and from the air for several hours, ____38____ (try) to bring the fire under control. By the time this was achieved, however, a large part of the forest ____39____ (destroy) totally. The smoke from the fire formed such a large dark cloud that it was said ____40____ (turn) day into night. Several people sustained an injury in the fire, but ____41____ (fortunate) no one was killed. Rescue workers have picked up ____42____ (injure) people by helicopter and taken them to the nearest hospitals. People are also worried that many animals have lost their homes ____43____ were killed in the fire. ____44____ project will be set up to clear the area in order that the local government can begin planting trees as soon as possible. “It’s a ____45____ (shock) disaster,” a firefighter said. It will take years for the forest to grow back again. 第四部分 基础语言运用（共三节，满分25分） 第一节（每小题1分，满分5分） 选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子。有两个单词为多余词。 instantly hug intend comment survival erupt destroy 46. They went into town with the ____________ of visiting the library. 47. However, some ____________ these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state of America. 48. The ____________ strength of a sandstorm is enough to completely make a village disappear in a few minutes. 49. The ____________ I saw him, I knew he was the policeman who had helped me carry the box. 50. Mom ____________ me, asking, “Honey, would you like to join me in decorating the Christmas tree?” 第二节（每小题1分，满分10分） 根据句意和所给汉语提示，用适当的英文短语完成句子。 51. When I saw the word ‘apple’, it immediately ____________ (突然想到) that I needed to buy some at the store. (根据汉语提示补全句子) 52. Since the pandemic of Covid-19 ____________ (突然开始), Chinese government has taken a series of effective measures to stop the virus from spreading. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 53. As is known to all, the financial crisis firstly happened in the United States ____________ (属于) the group of developed countries. (根据汉语提示补全句子) 54. The book ____________ (提到) by the psychologist can teach you how to find what is causing pressure in your life. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 55. We ____________ (全神贯注看着) the television watching the news about the accident. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 56. My failure to answer the ____________ (点名) made the teacher very angry. (根据汉语提示补全句子) 57. These frogs, ____________ (转而), live on insects which eat leaves and fruits. (根据汉语提示补全句子) 58. All his efforts ____________ (奏效) and his dream has come true. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 59. I can ____________ (保持冷静) whenever I meet some difficulties. (根据汉语提示补全句子) 60. Featuring original works, the band ____________ (突然大受欢迎) overnight. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 第三节（每小题1分，满分10分） 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 61. Adolescents need adults to guide them; ____________, it is easy for them to get into trouble.(用适当的词填空) 62. With so many problems ____________ (discuss), we decided to hold another meeting as soon as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63. It was not until then ____________ I realized their marriage was breaking up because they had little in common. （用适当的词填空） 64. She speaks English as if she ____________ (be) a native of New York. (所给词的适当形式填空) 65. The recipe ____________ happiness that Sang Lan comes up with is to have appreciation for good things in life. (用适当的词填空) 66. Please keep me ________ (inform) of any progress and developments about the matter. (所给词的适当形式填空) 67. She had just finished her homework ____________ her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday. (用适当的词填空) 68. In the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals ____________ (go) extinct. (所给词的适当形式填空) 69. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____（allow） more patients to be treated.（用单词适当形式填空） 70. He seldom, if ____________, goes to the movies by himself. （用适当的词填空） 第五部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 71. 某英文报纸就“倡导学生应该如何进行低碳生活、环境保护”这一话题进行征文，请你投稿。 内容包括：1. 保护环境、倡导低碳生活是我们的职责； 2. 作为一名中学生，你可以做些什么去保护环境。请谈谈你平时的具体做法； 3. 你有何体会，并且今后打算做什么。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 话题词汇：低碳生活：the low carbon life ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 盐城市亭湖高级中学2023-2024学年度 第二学期高一年级期中考试 英语试卷 （满分150分，时间120分钟） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What might the man want for supper? A. Seafood. B. Steak. C. Noodles. 2. What is the price of the day flight? A. $360. B. $400. C. $410. 3. What is the woman worried about? A. The man’s health. B. The man’s cooking skill. C. The man’s safety in Mexico. 4. Why does the man seem in low spirits? A He has been sick this week. B. He missed his favorite movies. C. He got little sleep these days. 5. What does the woman mean in the end? A. Alice is not full of energy. B. Alice is too enthusiastic. C. Alice is not suitable for the job. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6-7题。 6. What is the man’s problem? A. He has a backache. B. He took too many pills. C. He lost contact with his doctor. 7. Why does Doctor Green break the rule for the man? A. He is very polite. B. He is seriously ill. C. He can’t afford a full checkup. 听第7段材料，回答第8-9题。 8. What job is the woman applying for? A. A gardener. B. A nurse. C. A teacher. 9. How many hours will the woman work per day? A. Two. B. Four. C. Six. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the woman complain about? A. The building security. B. The building policy. C. The loud music. 11. When does the conversation probably take place? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 12. What will the man do next? A. Call her neighbor. B. Go to the 16th floor. C. Turn off the music player. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where did the man go on holiday? A. Paris. B. Bali. C. London. 14. What did the man do on the first day of his holiday? A. Go swimming. B. Go boating. C. Play volleyball. 15. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Workmates. C. Fellow travelers. 16. How did the man probably feel when he visited the small island? A. Tired. B. Excited. C. Upset. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who are the listeners? A. Parents. B. Students. C. Tourists. 18. What can the listeners do in the morning? A. Have classes. B. Go climbing. C. Sing karaoke. 19. When can the listeners make adventure trips? A. On weekday afternoons. B. On weekday evenings. C. On weekends. 20. Which adventure trip involves hill walking? A. The Lake District Adventure. B. The Beach Adventure. C. The London Experience. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A You know that classics like Little Women and To Kill a Mockingbird started as novels. But you probably didn’t know that these other famous movies also came from books. Hidden Figures This film told the story of real-life Katherine Johnson and other female African-American mathematicians who helped drive the United States into space in the 1960s. It was actually based on a 2016 non-fiction book and the movie did boost sales of the book. Forrest Gump The 1994 movie which was based on the book by Winston Groom won six Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Actor for the star Tom Hanks. Although the movie’s critical and box-office success gave the book a huge boost, it’s the film that made its mark on pop culture history. The Girl on the Train Paula Hawkin’s psychological thriller, about a woman on a train who thinks she sees something strange out of the window, was a huge success. But unlike the fast—paced, can’t-be-put-down quality of the novel, the movie was boring. Field of Dreams It’s hard to describe the plot of this movie: Ray Kinsella hears a voice telling him to build a baseball field in his Iowa cornfield, and what happens next explores the themes of lost dreams, childhood heroes, and healing the pain of the past. The 1989 movie is based on W. P. Kinsella’s 1982 original, Shoeless Joe, but cuts out some extra characters. 1. Which is the best choice for a person who loves math? A. Hidden Figures. B. Forrest Gump. C. The Girl on the Train. D. Field of Dreams. 2. Who has won the Academy Award for Best Actor according to the text? A. Tom Hanks. B. Winston Groom. C. Paula Hawkin. D. W. P. Kinsella. 3. What is special about Field of Dreams? A. It is a romantic comedy. B. It presents several themes. C. It shows all the figures in Shoeless Joe. D. It was released in 1982 for the first time. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部根据文学作品改变的著名影片。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hidden Figures大标题下的第一句话“This film told the story of real-life Katherine Johnson and other female African-American mathematicians who helped drive the United States into space in the 1960s.(这部电影讲述了现实生活中凯瑟琳·约翰逊和其他非裔美国女数学家的故事，她们在20世纪60年代帮助美国进入太空)”可知，Hidden Figures讲述了真实的凯瑟琳·约翰逊和其他非洲裔女性数学家的故事，所以喜欢数学的人可以选择这部电影。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Forrest Gump大标题下的第一句话“The 1994 movie which was based on the book by Winston Groom won six Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Actor for the star Tom Hanks.(这部1994年根据温斯顿·格罗姆的书改编的电影获得了六项奥斯卡奖，包括明星汤姆·汉克斯的最佳影片和最佳男主角)”可知，Tom Hanks赢得了奥斯卡最佳男主角。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第Field of Dreams大标题下的第一句话“It’s hard to describe the plot of this movie: Ray Kinsella hears a voice telling him to build a baseball field in his Iowa cornfield, and what happens next explores the themes of lost dreams, childhood heroes, and healing the pain of the past.(很难描述这部电影的情节：雷·金塞拉听到一个声音，告诉他在爱荷华州的玉米地里建一个棒球场，接下来发生的事情探讨了失去的梦想、童年英雄和治愈过去痛苦的主题)”可知，电影 Field of Dreams探讨了失落的梦想、童年英雄和治愈过去痛苦的主题，由此可知，这部电影特殊之处在于它有好几个主题。故选B。 B When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention. 7. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。 【点睛】 C Despite the fact that parrots are well known for their long lives and complex cognition (认知), it remains unknown whether the two traits (特征) have influenced each other. “The problem has been sourcing good quality data,” said Simeon Smeele, a doctoral student at the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior (MPI-AB) and lead author of a study published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B that tried to solve this question. Scientists from the MPI-AB and the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI-EvA) teamed up with Species360 to compile data from over 130,000 individual parrots sourced from over 1,000 zoos to find the average life span of 217 parrot species. The analysis revealed an astonishing diversity in life expectancy, ranging from an average of two years for the fig parrot up to an average of 30 years for the scarlet macaw. Next, the team tried to determine whether or not parrots’ renowned cognitive abilities had any influence on their longevity. Their results support the theory that increased brain size has enabled longer lifespans. Because brain size relative to body size can be an indicator of intelligence, the findings suggested that the parrots with larger brains were able to survive for longer in the wild. The scientists were surprised that factors such as diet, or the greater developmental time required to develop larger brains, did not lead to longer average lifespans. “We would have expected the developmental path to play a more important role because in primates it is this developmental cost that explains the link between brain size and longevity,” said Smeele. In the future, the team plan to explore if sociality and cultural learning in parrots might have also contributed to long lifespans. Smeele said: “Large-brained birds might spend more time socially learning foraging (觅食) techniques that have been around for multiple generations. This increased learning period could potentially also explain the longer life spans, as it takes more time but also makes the foraging repertoire (全部技能) more adaptive.” 8. What did the study aim to find out about parrots? A. The diversity in their life expectancies. B. The factors that influence their intelligence. C. The traits that help them survive in the wild. D. The link between their cognition and life spans. 9. How did the researchers carry out their study? A. By surveying over 1,000 zoos. B. By examining parrots’ brains. C. By analyzing the collected data. D. By observing parrots’ behavior. 10. Which is a possible cause of parrots’ longevity? A. Their diet. B. Their body size. C. Their larger brains. D. Their brains development time. 11. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Supporting evidence for the research results. B. Potential applications of the research findings. C. A further explanation of the research methods. D. Further research based on current findings. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了关于鹦鹉寿命和认知能力之间的关系。研究人员借助数据分析发现，鹦鹉的寿命存在着巨大的多样性，大脑大小与寿命之间存在着正相关关系。然而，饮食和大脑发育时间等因素并没有对鹦鹉的寿命产生显著影响。未来，研究人员计划探索社群性和文化学习对鹦鹉寿命的影响。 8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Despite the fact that parrots are well known for their long lives and complex cognition (认知), it remains unknown whether the two traits (特征) have influenced each other. (尽管鹦鹉以长寿和复杂的认知能力而闻名，但这两种特征是否相互影响仍不清楚。)”和第二段““The problem has been sourcing good quality data,” said Simeon Smeele, a doctoral student at the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior (MPI-AB) and lead author of a study published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B that tried to solve this question.(马克斯·普朗克动物行为研究所(MPI-AB)的博士生西蒙·斯梅尔(Simeon Smeele)说:“问题在于如何获取高质量的数据。”他在《英国皇家学会学报B》(Proceedings of The Royal Society B)上发表了一项研究，试图解决这个问题。)”可知，尽管鹦鹉以长寿和复杂的认知能力而闻名，但这两种特征是否相互影响仍不清楚，因此该研究的目的是弄清楚鹦鹉的认知和寿命之间的联系。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Scientists from the MPI-AB and the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI-EvA) teamed up with Species360 to compile data from over 130,000 individual parrots sourced from over 1,000 zoos to find the average life span of 217 parrot species. (MPI-AB和马克斯·普朗克进化人类学研究所的科学家与物种360合作，从1000多家动物园的130000多只鹦鹉个体中收集数据，以找出217种鹦鹉的平均寿命。)”可知，研究者们通过分析所收集的数据的方式来实施研究。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Because brain size relative to body size can be an indicator of intelligence, the findings suggested that the parrots with larger brains were able to survive for longer in the wild. (因为相对于身体大小的大脑大小可以作为智力的一个指标，研究结果表明，大脑较大的鹦鹉能够在野外生存更长时间。)”可知，大脑较大的鹦鹉能够在野外生存更长时间即更大的大脑可能是鹦鹉长寿的原因之一。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“In the future, the team plan to explore if sociality and cultural learning in parrots might have also contributed to long lifespans. (未来，研究小组计划探索鹦鹉的社会性和文化学习是否也可能有助于延长寿命。)”可知，未来研究小组将在现有研究的基础上，探索鹦鹉的社会性和文化学习是否也有助于延长寿命，即基于当前发现的进一步研究。故选D。 D Coffee is probably the world’s least expensive success power tool. Coffee builds better teams and increases your leadership ability. Coffee also increases your immunity. Unfortunately, we may not be enjoying the benefits or pleasures of coffee too much longer. According to ecologists, there’s a good chance that in 20 or 30 years, the varieties of coffee that we drink today will be extinct (灭绝的). And we’ll be drinking a coffee substitute that more or less resembles the drink we enjoy today. The problem, of course, is the pace of climate change. Successful coffee cultivation has three preconditions: a warm, highly stable (稳定的) tropical (热带的) climate with altitudes that keep air temperature between 18 and 20 degrees Celsius, rich soil full of natural nutrients, and an ecological environment that’s pest and disease resistant. Coffee is a crop that is only grown in a thin band called the “coffee belt” close to the equator (赤道). It simply won’t grow anywhere else. Unfortunately, the “coffee belt” is extremely vulnerable to climate change. If the air is too cold or too hot, it prevents the growth of the coffee plant. Climate change also creates environmental stress, which spreads parasites, pests and plant diseases. All of these increase the fragility of the coffee crop and create the possibility of species-destroying rot. Unfortunately, almost all of these species exist only in Ethiopia, a country that climate change is already hammering. As the environmental nonprofit USAID points out: “Ethiopia is one of the world’s most drought-prone countries. The country is faced with numerous development challenges that exacerbate its weakness facing climate change including increases in temperature, unstable rainfall and unpredictability of seasonal rain, and increased incidences of drought and other extreme events.” In other words, even as climate change threatens coffee as it exists today, climate change is also eating away at the root source which we might turn to for replacement species. What to do? Well, take the time to savor each cup of coffee you drink. Beyond that, stop electing the politicians who deny climate change. 12. What is the author’s feeling about the future of coffee? A. Helpless. B. Bored. C. Happy. D. Concerned. 13. Which condition probably prevents the growth of the coffee plant? A. A tropical climate. B. The rich soil. C. The increasing temperature. D. The stable rainfall. 14. The underlined word in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “________”. A. remove B. worsen C. decrease D. accept 15. What might be the best title for the passage? A. Changing Climate for Coffee B. Enjoy Coffee While You Can C. Benefits from Coffee Drinking D. Conditions for Coffee Planting 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了由于气候变化，咖啡种植面临挑战，在未来 20～30年很多咖啡种类可能会灭绝。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Unfortunately, we may not be enjoying the benefits or pleasures of coffee too much longer. According to ecologists, there’s a good chance that in 20 or 30 years, the varieties of coffee that we drink today will be extinct (灭绝的).(不幸的是，我们可能不会再享受咖啡的好处或乐趣了。根据生态学家的说法，很有可能在20到30年内，我们今天喝的咖啡品种将会灭绝)”可推知，作者对咖啡的将来很担忧。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“If the air is too cold or too hot, it prevents the growth of the coffee plant.(如果空气太冷或太热，都会阻碍咖啡树的生长)”可知，温度升高可能会阻碍咖啡树的生长。故选 C。 【14题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段“Ethiopia is one of the world’s most drought-prone countries. The country is faced with numerous development challenges that exacerbate its weakness facing climate change including increases in temperature, unstable rainfall and unpredictability of seasonal rain, and increased incidences of drought and other extreme events.(埃塞俄比亚是世界上最干旱的国家之一。这个国家面临许多发展挑战。气温增加，不稳定的雨量，不可预测的雨季，干旱以及极端事件。这些都 exacerbate 它面对气候变化干旱的弱点)”结合上下文，尤其关键词“numerous development challenges”和“weakness”可推知画线词意为“恶化”，即这些大量的挑战让干旱更加恶化。故选 B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了由于气候变化，咖啡种植面临挑战。再根据最后一段的“Well, take the time to savor each cup of coffee you drink.(那么，花点时间细细品味你喝的每一杯咖啡吧)”可知，作者呼吁珍惜现在喝咖啡的时光。故B选项“享受你能喝咖啡的机会”最适合作本文标题。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Whether you’re trying to lose weight or simply feel better,a good fitness routine is key.___16___How many times have you committed to a program only to find yourself drifting back into your old habits? Fortunately, there are some easy methods for keeping yourself on track toward your health and fitness goals. Clear Your Head The first step is to fine-tune your mindset. It’s not enough to simply want something.___17___Some people mistakenly believe that this type of mental toughness can only be achieved by people with natural self-control and willpower. Luckily, you can train yourself to be mentally strong by practicing some key behaviors daily. Write It Down Another effective tool is to put them in writing. Set specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound targets for yourself. For example, instead of saying, “I want to start running,” you might define your goal as, “Within six months, I will be able to run a 5K.”___18___ Phone a Friend ___19___Tell this person what you’re aiming for. When you’re feeling unmotivated, give them a call and ask them to remind you why you started down this path. If the person you share your home with can work toward similar health goals, all the better. Make It Fun Getting fit and healthy shouldn’t feel like punishment. Find activities and foods that you actually enjoy. If you hate carrot, don’t force yourself to eat it. Find an alternative like potato, let go of the guilt, and enjoy.___20___ If you hate running, step off it and into something more enjoyable like dancing or cycling. Taking responsibility for your own physical fitness is the foundation of a healthy lifestyle. Set goals that are right for you, hold yourself responsible for achieving them, and celebrate each small victory along the way to success. A. The same goes for exercise. B. Record your daily progress you make. C. But sticking to one can be a challenge. D. If you miss a workout, it doesn’t mean all is lost. E. You have to focus your mental energies on success. F. To keep yourself responsible for the goals you set, have a partner. G. Note down the milestones you’ll meet on the road to achieving your goal. 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. G 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些简单的方法可以让你朝着健康和健身的目标前进。 【16题详解】 根据后文“How many times have you committed to a program only to find yourself drifting back into your old habits?( 有多少次你承诺了一个计划，却发现自己又回到了旧习惯？)”可知，很多次都想要坚持一个计划减肥或者有一个好的健身计划，可知最终都没有坚持下来，故设空处应该强调是一种挑战。C选项“But sticking to one can be a challenge.(但坚持一种可能是一个挑战。)”引起下文，符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据前文“The first step is to fine-tune your mindset. It’s not enough to simply want something.(第一步是调整你的心态。仅仅想要什么是不够的。)”可知，第一步是调整你的心态。仅仅想要什么是不够的。后面应该强调其他重要的内容。E选项“You have to focus your mental energies on success.(你必须把精力集中在成功上。)”指出，仅仅想要什么是不够的同时更重要的是必须把精力集中在成功上。故选E。 18题详解】 根据本段段旨“Write It Down(把它写下来)”以及前文中“Within six months, I will be able to run a 5K.(在六个月内，我将能够跑5公里。)”可知，此处强调写下自己要实现的目标。G选项“Note down the milestones you’ll meet on the road to achieving your goal.( 记下你在实现目标的路上会遇到的里程碑。)”符合语境。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据前文“Tell this person what you’re aiming for. When you’re feeling unmotivated, give them a call and ask them to remind you why you started down this path.(告诉这个人你的目标。当你感到没有动力时，给他们打个电话，让他们提醒你为什么要走这条路。)”可知，此处强调当自己不能坚持下去的时候可以找朋友告知自己要坚持的目标是什么。F选项“To keep yourself responsible for the goals you set, have a partner.(为了让自己对自己设定的目标负责，找一个伙伴。)”引起下文，符合语境。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据前文“Getting fit and healthy shouldn’t feel like punishment. Find activities and foods that you actually enjoy. If you hate carrot, don’t force yourself to eat it. Find an alternative like potato, let go of the guilt, and enjoy.(健身和健康不应该让人觉得是一种惩罚。寻找你真正喜欢的活动和食物。如果你讨厌胡萝卜，就不要强迫自己吃。找一个替代品，比如土豆，放下罪恶感，尽情享受吧。)”可知，健身和健康不应该让人觉得是一种惩罚。寻找你真正喜欢的活动和食物。后文应该指出健身锻炼也是一样，找到自己喜欢的活动。A选项“The same goes for exercise.(锻炼也是如此。)”与前文呼应。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was appreciating my family photos on my computer, admiring my two beautiful babies when I found a(n) ____21____ scene: my laptop was in almost all the pictures. There was my daughter, 8 months old, playing at my feet while I was ____22____ on the couch. There was my son, with a big transformer, on my left arms. I’d heard about the Internet addiction before, but I always thought it was something only ____23____ playing too much World of Warcraft (a computer game) day and night. Now, it seemed my Internet habit is slowly but surely crossing the ____24____. Sometimes I find myself ____25____ at midnight, surfing the Web ____26____ my family are sleeping. I read news, keep up with friends and write my blog… just for something to do. It ____27____ that I’m not the only mama who is addicted to the computer. These moms are contributing to a growing global addiction. There’s a movement among psychiatrists (doctors who specialize in mental diseases) to ____28____ the Internet addiction as an official mental disorder. And a recent Stanford University national survey found that 14 percent of Internet users find it ____29____ to stay away from it for several days at a time; 9 percent try to hide their ____30____ Internet use from their loved ones; 8 percent admit they use the Web as a way to escape ____31____. You’re likely not the kind of addict who doesn’t bathe and abuses drugs to help stay up for more online time. You may have noticed, ____32____, that going online has become a necessary part of your life, which, ____33____, means a box of clothes goes ____34____. It may also mean you’re missing much time with your baby—something you probably do ____35____ about. 21. A. wonderful B. eye-catching C. scary D. disturbing 22. A. eating B. typing C. singing D. jumping 23. A. limited to B. devoted to C. belonged to D. glued to 24. A. knife B. bridge C. path D. line 25. A. in B. out C. up D. down 26. A. while B. but C. and D. since 27. A. figures out B. turns out C. sets out D. stretches out 28. A. admit B. judge C. regard D. recognize 29. A. obvious B. acceptable C. hard D. favorable 30. A. accessible B. irreplaceable C. unbelievable D. unnecessary 31. A. arrangements B. entertainments C. threats D. discomforts 32. A. therefore B. though C. somehow D. hence 33. A. at least B. above all else C. after all D. at most 34. A. unworn B. unnoticed C. unreported D. unwashed 35. A. hesitate B. bring C. care D. appreciate 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了作者在欣赏家庭照片时意识到自己的笔记本电脑几乎出现在所有照片中，进而反思自己的上网习惯可能已经越过了健康的界限。随后，作者提到了自己对网瘾的重新认识，意识到这种习惯不仅限于玩电脑游戏，还包括了日常的各种网络活动。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我正在电脑上欣赏我的家庭照片，欣赏我的两个漂亮的孩子，这时我发现了一个令人不安的场景：我的笔记本电脑几乎出现在所有的照片中。A. wonderful美妙的；B. eye-catching引人注目的；C. scary可怕的；D. disturbing令人不安的。根据“my laptop was in almost all the pictures”可知，作者的笔记本几乎出现在所有的照片中，这是很令人不安的场景。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在沙发上打字时，我8个月大女儿在我脚边玩耍。A. eating吃；B. typing打字；C. singing唱歌；D. jumping跳。根据上文“my laptop was in almost all the pictures”可知，作者的笔记本出现在照片里，所以作者是在沙发上打字。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我以前听说过网瘾，但我一直认为这只是局限于日夜玩魔兽世界（一款电脑游戏）。A. limited to局限于；B. devoted to致力于；C. belonged to属于；D. glued to粘附在。根据下文“playing too much World of Warcraft (a computer game) day and night”可知，作者原本以为网瘾仅仅局限于日夜打游戏。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在看来，我的上网习惯正在慢慢但肯定地越过界限。A. knife刀；B. bridge桥；C. path道路；D. line界限。根据下文“Sometimes I find myself___5__at midnight, surfing the Web”可知，作者半夜都在上网，作者的上网习惯已经超过了界限了。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时我发现自己半夜起来，在家人睡觉的时候上网。A. in进入；B. out向外；C. up起床；D. down朝下。根据下文“surfing the Web”可知，作者肯定是半夜起床上网。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：有时我发现自己半夜起来，在家人睡觉的时候上网。A. while当……的时候；B. but但是；C. and而且；D. since自从。根据上文“at midnight”和下文“my family are sleeping”可知，半夜家人是在睡觉，当家人睡觉的时候，作者在上网。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来我并不是唯一一个对电脑上瘾的妈妈。A. figures out弄明白；B. turns out结果是；C. sets out出发；D. stretches out伸出。根据下文“that I’m not the only mama who is addicted to the computer. These moms are contributing to a growing global addiction”可知，结果表明作者并不是唯一一个对电脑上瘾的妈妈。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：精神科医生（专门研究精神疾病的医生）之间有一场运动，正式承认网瘾是一种精神疾病。A. admit承认（后多接从句，强调承认做了某事）；B. judge判断；C. regard认为；D. recognize承认（强调正式认可）。根据上文“There’s a movement among psychiatrists”和下文“the Internet addiction as an official mental disorder”可知，精神科医生之间有一场运动，正式承认网瘾是一种精神疾病。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：斯坦福大学最近的一项全国性调查发现，14%的互联网用户觉得一次好几天不上网很困难。A. obvious明显的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. hard困难的；D. favorable有利的。根据上文“a growing global addiction”可知，全球的人越来越对网有瘾，所以此处是指14%的互联网用户觉得一次好几天不上网很困难。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：9%的人试图向亲人隐瞒自己不必要的上网行为。A. accessible可进入的；B. irreplaceable不可替代的；C. unbelievable不可信的；D. unnecessary不必要的。根据下文“Internet use from their loved ones”可知，9%的人会向亲人隐瞒自己不必要的上网行为。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：8%的人承认他们使用网络来逃避不适。A. arrangements安排；B. entertainments娱乐；C. threats威胁；D. discomforts不适。根据上文“to escape”可知，上网是为了逃避不适。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，你可能已经注意到，上网已经成为你生活中必不可少的一部分，这至少意味着一箱衣服没洗。A. therefore因此；B. though不过；C. somehow以某种方式；D. hence因此。根据上文“You’re likely not the kind of addict who doesn’t bathe and abuses drugs to help stay up for more online time”和下文“that going online has become a necessary part of your life”可知，你可能不是那种不洗澡、滥用药物来熬夜上网的瘾君子。不过，你也会注意到上网已经变成生活中必不可少的一部分，空格处意为“不过”。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：不过，你可能已经注意到，上网已经成为你生活中必不可少的一部分，这至少意味着一箱衣服没洗。A. at least至少；B. above all else首要的是；C. after all毕竟；D. at most至多。根据上文“going online has become a necessary part of your life”和下文“means a box of clothes go___14_”可知，上网至少意味着一箱衣服没洗，空格处意为“至少”。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过，你可能已经注意到，上网已经成为你生活中必不可少的一部分，这至少意味着一箱衣服没洗。A. unworn从未穿过的；B. unnoticed未被注意的；C. unreported未经报道的；D. unwashed没洗的。根据上文“going online”可知，去上网了，可能会导致一箱衣服没洗。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这也可能意味着你错过了很多和你的宝宝在一起的时间——这可能是你真正关心的。A. hesitate犹豫；B. bring带来；C. care关心；D. appreciate感激。根据“your baby”可知，宝宝是你应该真正关心的。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A fire burned up a large part of a forest in the north of Italy on Saturday. Thousands of trees were burned in one of the ____36____ (bad) forest fires in the country’s history. The fire started early ____37____ Saturday afternoon after a long period of drought. The fire very quickly burned vast areas of forest due to high winds. Firefighters battled on foot and from the air for several hours, ____38____ (try) to bring the fire under control. By the time this was achieved, however, a large part of the forest ____39____ (destroy) totally. The smoke from the fire formed such a large dark cloud that it was said ____40____ (turn) day into night. Several people sustained an injury in the fire but ____41____ (fortunate) no one was killed. Rescue workers have picked up ____42____ (injure) people by helicopter and taken them to the nearest hospitals. People are also worried that many animals have lost their homes ____43____ were killed in the fire. ____44____ project will be set up to clear the area in order that the local government can begin planting trees as soon as possible. “It’s a ____45____ (shock) disaster,” a firefighter said. It will take years for the forest to grow back again. 【答案】36. worst 37. on 38. trying 39. had been destroyed 40. to have turned 41. fortunately 42. injured 43. or 44. A 45. shocking 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是一场大火烧毁了意大利北部一片森林，消防员在控制火势后，大部分森林已被完全破坏。有几人在大火中受伤，但幸运的是没有人丧生。政府将设立一个项目来清理该区域，以便地方当局可以尽快开始植树。被毁的森林需要数年时间才能重新长出来。 【36题详解】 考查最高级。句意：数千棵树在该国历史上最严重的森林大火中被烧毁。空前有the，空格处用最高级，bad的最高级是worst。故填worst。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：在经历了长时间的干旱之后，周六下午早些时候发生了火灾。Saturday afternoon是具体的某一天，前面用介词on，故填on。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：消防队员步行和空中作业战斗了几个小时，试图控制火势。句中谓语是battled，空格处用非谓语动词，Firefighters和try之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填trying。 【39题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：然而，当这一目标实现时，大部分森林已被完全摧毁。by the time通常引导时间状语从句，表示“到……的时候为止”，主句则表示在此时间之前某个事件已完成。 当从句用过去时时，主句通常用过去完成时，句子主语承受destroy的动作，因此空格处用过去完成时的被动语态had been done，故填had been destroyed。 【40题详解】 考查不定式的完成式。句意：从火中冒出的烟形成了一大片乌云，据说把白天变成了黑夜。sb./sth. was said to do是固定短语，意为“据说某人/某物做某事”，turn的动作发生在was said之前，因此空格处用不定式的完成式to have turned，故填to have turned。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：有几人在火灾中受伤，但幸运的是没有人死亡。空格处用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，句子表示“幸运的是没有人死亡”，空格处意为“幸运的是”，副词是fortunately，故填fortunately。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：救援人员用直升机把受伤的人接走，并把他们送到最近的医院。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词people，injure的形容词是injured，意为“受伤的”，故填injured。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：人们还担心许多动物失去了家园或在火灾中丧生。根据语境可知，句子表示“人们还担心许多动物失去了家园或在火灾中丧生”，空格处意为“或者”，用or，故填or。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：为了使当地政府能够尽快开始植树，将建立一个清理该地区的项目。project是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，project是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填A。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这是一场令人震惊的灾难。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词disaster，disaster是灾难，用ing结尾的形容词shocking修饰，意为“令人震惊的”。故填shocking。 第四部分 基础语言运用（共三节，满分25分） 第一节（每小题1分，满分5分） 选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子。有两个单词为多余词。 instantly hug intend comment survival erupt destroy 46. They went into town with the ____________ of visiting the library. 47. However, some ____________ these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state of America. 48. The ____________ strength of a sandstorm is enough to completely make a village disappear in a few minutes. 49. The ____________ I saw him, I knew he was the policeman who had helped me carry the box. 50. Mom ____________ me, asking, “Honey, would you like to join me in decorating the Christmas tree?” 【答案】46. intention 47. survived 48. destructive 49. instant 50. hugged 【解析】 【46题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们进城是为了参观图书馆。由“isiting the library”可知，句子表示“他们进城是为了参观图书馆”，with the intention of doing是固定短语，意为“有做某事的意图，为了”，因此空格处是intention。故填intention。 【47题详解】 考查时态。句意：然而，有些人在这些可怕的时期幸存下来，今天，居住在加利福尼亚的印第安人比美国其他任何州都多。由“today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state of America”可知，句子表示“有些人在这些可怕的时期幸存下来”，空格处意为“幸存”，空格处用动词作谓语，是survive，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填survived。 【48题详解】 考查形容词。句意：沙尘暴的破坏力足以使一个村庄在几分钟内完全消失。由“completely make a village disappear in a few minutes”可知，句子表示“沙尘暴的破坏力足以使一个村庄在几分钟内完全消失”，空格处意为“破坏性的”，是destructive，故填destructive。 【49题详解】 考查名词。句意：我一看见他，就知道他就是帮我搬箱子的那个警察。由“I saw him, I knew he was the policeman who had helped me carry the box”可知，句子表示“我一看见他，就知道他就是帮我搬箱子的那个警察”，空格处意为“一……就……”，是The instant...，引导的是时间状语从句，因此空格处是instant。故填instant。 【50题详解】 考查动词和时态。句意：妈妈抱着我，问：“亲爱的，你愿意和我一起装饰圣诞树吗？”由“Mom”和“me, asking”可知，句子表示“妈妈抱着我”，空格处意为“拥抱”，是hug，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式hugged，故填hugged。 第二节（每小题1分，满分10分） 根据句意和所给汉语提示，用适当的英文短语完成句子。 51. When I saw the word ‘apple’, it immediately ____________ (突然想到) that I needed to buy some at the store. (根据汉语提示补全句子) 【答案】occurred to me##struck me##hit me 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：当我看到“苹果”这个词时，我立刻想到我需要在商店里买一些。“某人突然想到”是固定句型it occurs/occurred to sb./strikes/struck sb./hits/hit sb. that...，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，由When I saw可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，occur的过去式是occurred，strike的过去式是struck，hit的过去式是hit，故填occurred to me/struck me/hit me。 52. Since the pandemic of Covid-19 ____________ (突然开始), Chinese government has taken a series of effective measures to stop the virus from spreading. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 【答案】broke out 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：自新冠肺炎爆发以来，中国政府采取了一系列有效措施阻止病毒的传播。break out为固定短语，表示“突然开始，爆发”，结合句中has taken 可知，此句为现在完成时态，since引导的从句用一般过去时，break的过去式为broke，故填broke out。 53. As is known to all, the financial crisis firstly happened in the United States ____________ (属于) the group of developed countries. (根据汉语提示补全句子) 【答案】belonging to 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。句意：众所周知，金融危机首先发生在属于发达国家集团的美国。“属于”是belong to，句中谓语是happened，空格处用非谓语动词作定语，United States和belong to之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填belonging to。 54. The book ____________ (提到) by the psychologist can teach you how to find what is causing pressure in your life. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 【答案】referred to##mentioned 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：心理学家提到的这本书可以教你如何找到生活中造成压力的原因。分析句子结构可知，此处为过去分词做后置定语，根据提示的汉语，表示“提到”应为动词短语refer to或动词mention，且与句子主语the book之间为被动关系。故填referred to或者mentioned。 55. We ____________ (全神贯注看着) the television watching the news about the accident. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 【答案】were glued to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们目不转睛地盯着电视看事故的新闻。根据中文提示可知，表示“全神贯注看着”可用be glued to，为固定搭配，且这里时态应用一般过去时表示过去情况。故填were glued to。 56. My failure to answer the ____________ (点名) made the teacher very angry. (根据汉语提示补全句子) 【答案】roll call 【解析】 【详解】考查名词短语。句意：我没有回答点名使老师非常生气。空格处用名词或名词短语作宾语，“点名”是roll call，故填roll call。 57. These frogs, ____________ (转而), live on insects which eat leaves and fruits. (根据汉语提示补全句子) 【答案】in turn 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：反过来，这些青蛙以吃树叶和水果的昆虫为食。“转而”是固定短语in turn，故填in turn。 58. All his efforts ____________ (奏效) and his dream has come true. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 【答案】have paid off 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他所有的努力都奏效了，他的梦想也实现了。根据中文提示可知，表示“奏效”应用pay off，在本句中作谓语，且这里时态应与后面保持一致，用现在完成时。故填have paid off。 59. I can ____________ (保持冷静) whenever I meet some difficulties. (根据汉语提示补全句子) 【答案】keep calm 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：每当我遇到困难时，我都能保持冷静。“保持冷静”是固定短语keep calm，can是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填keep calm。 60. Featuring original works, the band ____________ (突然大受欢迎) overnight. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 【答案】took off 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：乐队以原创作品为特色，一夜之间突然大受欢迎。根据中文提示可知，表示“突然大受欢迎”可用动词短语take off，在本句中作谓语，且这里时态应用一般过去时，表示过去的情况。故填took off。 第三节（每小题1分，满分10分） 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 61. Adolescents need adults to guide them; ____________, it is easy for them to get into trouble.(用适当的词填空) 【答案】otherwise 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：青少年需要成年人的引导；否则，他们很容易陷入麻烦。由“Adolescents need adults to guide them”和“it is easy for them to get into trouble”可知，句子表示“青少年需要成年人的引导；否则，他们很容易陷入麻烦”，空格处意为“否则”，是otherwise。故填otherwise。 62. With so many problems ____________ (discuss), we decided to hold another meeting as soon as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to discuss 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式。句意：有这么多问题要讨论，我们决定尽快再开一次会。空格处是with复合结构，由“we decided to hold another meeting as soon as possible”可知，空格处用不定式表将来，此处是不定式的主动表被动，故填to discuss。 63. It was not until then ____________ I realized their marriage was breaking up because they had little in common. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：直到那时我才意识到他们的婚姻破裂了，因为他们没有什么共同之处。分析句子结构可知，本句中强调的是not until then，所以用that引导强调句型。故填that。 64. She speaks English as if she ____________ (be) a native of New York. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】were 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气，时态和主谓一致。句意：她讲英语就好像她是土生土长的纽约人。as if引导的是方式状语从句，从句中用虚拟语气，由speaks可知，句子表示与现在相反的内容，因此空格处时态用一般过去时，虚拟语气中一般过去时的be动词用were，故填were。 65. The recipe ____________ happiness that Sang Lan comes up with is to have appreciation for good things in life. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：Sang Lan提出的幸福秘诀是对生活中美好的事物心存感激。the recipe for...是固定短语，意为“……的秘诀”，因此空格处用介词for，故填for。 66. Please keep me ________ (inform) of any progress and developments about the matter. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】informed 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：请随时通知我有关此事的任何进展和发展。提示词作使役动词keep后宾语me的补足语，与其逻辑主语me之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填informed。 67. She had just finished her homework ____________ her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：昨天她刚做完作业，她妈妈就叫她练习弹钢琴。had just done sth. when...是固定句型，意为“刚做完某事，就……”，因此空格处是when，故填when。 68. In the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals ____________ (go) extinct. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have gone 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的500年里，超过300种动物灭绝了。由“In the last 500 years”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语over 300 species of animals是复数，因此空格处是have gone。故填have gone。 69. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____（allow） more patients to be treated.（用单词适当形式填空） 【答案】allowing 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗。本句已有谓语has obtained 且无连词，此处用非谓语形式，主语The hospital 和动词allow是主谓关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故填allowing。 70. He seldom, if ____________, goes to the movies by himself. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】ever 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他很少单独去看电影——即便不能说从来不去。结合句意“如果有的话，如果曾经”可知句型为if ever，是一种省略的表达，用来表达可能性小、‌情况少见但也不是完全不可能的意思，故填ever。 第五部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 71. 某英文报纸就“倡导学生应该如何进行低碳生活、环境保护”这一话题进行征文，请你投稿。 内容包括：1. 保护环境、倡导低碳生活是我们的职责； 2. 作为一名中学生，你可以做些什么去保护环境。请谈谈你平时的具体做法； 3. 你有何体会，并且今后打算做什么。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 话题词汇：低碳生活：the low carbon life ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 It is our duty to protect the environment and live the low carbon life. As a middle school student, I can do something to help. I turn off the lights and try to use both sides of paper to save energy. When I buy things, I always take my own cloth bag instead of plastic bag. I think that even the simplest everyday activities can make a difference to the environment. I will not only keep saving energy but also encourage others to do it. If everyone tries their best to protect the environment, I’m sure we’ll have a better life. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“倡导学生应该如何进行低碳生活、环境保护”这一话题给某报纸写一篇征文。 【详解】1.词汇积累 义务：duty→ obligation 过着……生活：live→ lead 每天的：everyday→ daily 鼓励：encourage→ inspire 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As a middle school student, I can do something to help. 拓展句：As a middle school student, I can do something that can help protect the environment. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I think that even the simplest everyday activities can make a difference to the environment. （运用了that引导的宾语从句以及形容词最高级） 【高分句型2】If everyone tries their best to protect the environment, I’m sure we’ll have a better life. （运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$