精品解析：广东省中山市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末统考英语试题

★启用前注意保密 中山市高一级 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末统一考试 英语试卷 本试卷共8页，三部分，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号和准考证号(考号)填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡指定位置。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Beijing is a city of opposites, with one foot in the past and another in the present. Nowhere is this contrast more visible than in its architecture, where traditional and modern styles coexist. Here are three spots to enjoy the ancient architecture as well as spring flowers in Beijing. Longevity Hill Sitting at the back of Longevity Hill, the Flower Pavilion and Glass Tower are hidden spots in the Summer Palace where you can breathe in the colorful spring in quietude. The Flower Pavilion was constructed in 1754, and the Glass Tower in the pavilion was a gift from Emperor Qianlong to celebrate his mother’s 60th birthday. The pavilion was destroyed by British and French soldiers in 1860 while the colorful tower survived. The original Flower Pavilion is in ruins but the flowers in the garden still blossom (开花) every spring. The Imperial Garden The Imperial Garden in the Forbidden City was only enjoyed by members of the royal (皇家的) family, but now its beauty can be appreciated by the public. The pink apricot flowers in front of the palaces have viewed the change of history. Drum Tower and Bell Tower Beijing’s Bell and Drum Towers lie on the northern end of the central line of the inner city. Looking at each other for hundreds of years, the two towers are surrounded by hutongs and trees. The best place to enjoy the spring views of the old city is to find a coffee shop or a restaurant in the hutong, where you can see the spring flowers blossoming against the towers. 1. What gift did Emperor Qianlong present to his mother for her 60th birthday? A. The Glass Tower. B. The Western Hills. C. The Imperial Garden. D. Drum Tower and Bell Tower. 2. What do we know about the Imperial Garden? A. It includes two towers. B. It was destroyed in 1860. C. It was meant for the royalty. D. It features spring flowers. 3. Which is the best spot to admire the sights of Beijing in spring? A. A shopping center. B. A hutong cafe. C. The roof of the towers. D. The north of the city. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了三个可以欣赏北京的古建筑和春花的地方。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The Flower Pavilion was constructed in 1754, and the Glass Tower in the pavilion was a gift from Emperor Qianlong to celebrate his mother’s 60th birthday.(花亭建于1754年，亭里的玻璃塔是乾隆皇帝为庆祝他母亲60岁生日而赠送的礼物)”可知，乾隆皇帝给他母亲60岁生日送的礼物是玻璃塔。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Imperial Garden部分中“The Imperial Garden in the Forbidden City was only enjoyed by members of the royal (皇家的) family, but now its beauty can be appreciated by the public.(紫禁城的皇家花园以前只供皇室成员欣赏，但现在它的美丽可以为公众所欣赏)”可知，皇家花园过去是为皇室准备的。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The best place to enjoy the spring views of the old city is to find a coffee shop or a restaurant in the hutong, where you can see the spring flowers blossoming against the towers. (欣赏老城春景的最佳地点是在胡同里找一家咖啡馆或餐馆，在那里你可以看到春天的花朵在塔楼上绽放)”可知，欣赏北京春天美景的最佳地点是胡同咖啡馆。故选B。 B As a mother, I can’t imagine how heartbroken a mother would be if she is told that she can’t afford the treatment for her baby who suffers from cancer. And Cupcakes of Hope is a non-profit organization which raises funds to help families of children who are battling cancer. Despite my poor health, I volunteered for this worthy cause. I’m not a good baker, but I am good at selling stuff, so I signed up to help turn all the beautiful, delicious cupcakes donated by others into money for these families in need. Our stand was set up in the Canal Walk Shopping Centre at 8 a. m. so that volunteers were ready to sell from 9 a. m. My shift started at 2 p. m. Before I got there, I expected to find a pretty empty table. I could not have been more mistaken! Four big tables were full of beautiful cupcakes of every colour and flavour and there were3 shopping carts full of boxes of cupcakes which had not even been unpacked yet! The generosity and creativity of every single baker really were beyond my expectation. The best moment of the day came when a sweet, blue-eyed toddler arrived at the stand. He was about 18 months old, happily sucking on a pacifier (安抚奶嘴) in his mom’s arms. I told his parents that all cupcakes were free gifts and all money raised would help families. His dad donated, and I picked out a Cookie Monster cupcake for the boy. As soon as I showed it to him he smiled from ear to ear, dropped his pacifier, and grabbed the cupcake. It made me feel happy and warm to see his bright eyes and joyful smile! We kept turning cupcakes into cash until the last possible minute and still had enough cupcakes left over to donate to the needy! The time just flew by. I’m really grateful to have had the opportunity to do my small part for this very worthy cause. 4. What made the author decide to volunteer for Cupcakes of Hope? A. She was good at baking. B. She was seeking a job opportunity. C. She wanted to do something meaningful. D. She wanted to help her baby fight against cancer. 5. What surprised the author when she arrived at the stand? A. The tables were not clean. B. There were few customers. C. There were still a lot of cupcakes. D. Volunteers hadn’t packed the cupcakes. 6. What was the author’s favorite part of the event? A. A big donation. B. A baby’s happy reaction. C. Selling lots of cupcakes. D. The generosity of bakers. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. A Meaningful Charity Project B. A Beautiful Story about Cupcakes C. A Determined and Generous Mother D. A Rewarding Volunteering Experience 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己作为志愿者参与非营利组织“Cupcakes of Hope”的慈善活动的经历。文章描述了活动当天的场景、个人感受以及与一位接受纸杯蛋糕的小孩之间的温馨互动，展现了此次志愿活动的意义与给作者带来的正面情感体验。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。 由文章第二段中的“Despite my poor health, I volunteered for this worthy cause. I’m not a good baker, but I am good at selling stuff, so I signed up to help turn all the beautiful, delicious cupcakes donated by others into money for these families in need. (尽管我身体不好，我还是自愿参加了这项有价值的事业。我不是一个好的面包师，但我很擅长卖东西，所以我报名参加了把别人捐赠的漂亮美味的纸杯蛋糕变成钱给这些需要帮助的家庭。)”可知，作者决定为Cupcakes of Hope做志愿者是因为她想为这个有意义的事业贡献自己的一份力量。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。 由文章第二段中的“Before I got there, I expected to find a pretty empty table. I could not have been more mistaken! (在我到达那里之前，我以为会找到一张空桌子。我真是大错特错了！)”和第三段中的“Four big tables were full of beautiful cupcakes of every colour and flavour and there were3 shopping carts full of boxes of cupcakes which had not even been unpacked yet! (四张大桌子上摆满了各种颜色和口味的漂亮纸杯蛋糕，还有三辆购物车里装满了盒子，甚至还没有打开包装！)”可知，当作者到达摊位时，让她感到惊讶的是仍然有很多纸杯蛋糕。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。 由文章第四段“The best moment of the day came when a sweet, blue-eyed toddler arrived at the stand. He was about 18 months old, happily sucking on a pacifier (安抚奶嘴) in his mom’s arms. I told his parents that all cupcakes were free gifts and all money raised would help families. His dad donated, and I picked out a Cookie Monster cupcake for the boy. As soon as I showed it to him he smiled from ear to ear, dropped his pacifier, and grabbed the cupcake. It made me feel happy and warm to see his bright eyes and joyful smile! (当一个可爱的、蓝眼睛的小孩来到摊位时，这一天最美好的时刻到来了。他大约18个月大，开心地吮吸着妈妈怀里的奶嘴。我告诉他的父母，所有的纸杯蛋糕都是免费的礼物，所有筹集的钱都会帮助家庭。他爸爸捐了钱，我给他挑了个饼干怪兽小蛋糕。我一拿给他看，他就笑得合不拢嘴，扔下奶嘴，抓起小蛋糕。看到他明亮的眼睛和快乐的笑容，我感到幸福和温暖！)”可知，作者最喜欢的部分是一位宝宝的开心反应。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。 通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中的“And Cupcakes of Hope is a non-profit organization which raises funds to help families of children who are battling cancer. (Cupcakes of Hope是一个非营利组织，它筹集资金帮助那些与癌症作斗争的孩子的家庭。)”和第二段中的“Despite my poor health, I volunteered for this worthy cause. I’m not a good baker, but I am good at selling stuff, so I signed up to help turn all the beautiful, delicious cupcakes donated by others into money for these families in need. (尽管我身体不好，我还是自愿参加了这项有价值的事业。我不是一个好的面包师，但我很擅长卖东西，所以我报名参加了把别人捐赠的漂亮美味的纸杯蛋糕变成钱给这些需要帮助的家庭。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者参与Cupcakes of Hope这一慈善活动的志愿者经历，通过售卖纸杯蛋糕筹集资金帮助患有癌症的儿童家庭，整个经历让作者感到充实且有价值。因此，最合适的标题是D“A Rewarding Volunteering Experience (一次收获满满的志愿服务经历)”符合题意。故选D。 C Technology and the Psychology of Second Language Learners and Users is a collection of studies that focuses on second language (L2) teaching and learning. This book, made up of 23 parts, presents research on how technology affects the learning psychology (心理) of L2learners. One of the main contributions of the book is that it is more than just a descriptive account of current research regarding technology and the psychological side of L2 learners. A key view is that technology does not necessarily lead to positive psychological effects. In fact, some learners may feel anxious or uncomfortable using technology for language learning, which can hinder their performance. What’s more, learner psychology still requires closer examination, as learners’ attitudes towards technology-assisted learning do not always match their actual practices. Another important contribution of this book is that it presents the connection and interplay between language learners’ online identity and offline identity. As studies in the book have shown, positive online identities may support language learning and can potentially apply to offline situations. Also, individuals have different identities in the off line environment, which may influence how they experience online. A third contribution of the book is that it provides various cases in detail to tell readers how to conduct research. Technology has created different online learning contexts for researchers to investigate, such as blogs and online social networks, to name a few. Thus, researchers are offered a lot of choices and have various studies to refer to when they do future research. As illustrated above, this book provides both theoretical and practical value. It familiarizes researchers with the interplay of technology, psychology, and L2 learning, while also reminding teachers of the importance of integrating (结合) technology thoughtfully, considering individual learner differences. Adding instructions and steps on how to apply research findings to real teaching and learning contexts at the end of each part could further strengthen the book’s usefulness for language instructors. 8. What does the underlined word “hinder” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Predict. B. Prevent. C. Analyze. D. Improve. 9. What can we learn about the book? A. It indicates the benefits of positive online identities. B. It illustrates the technology for positive psychology. C. It develops offline learning contexts for researchers. D. It provides detailed instructions for language teachers. 10. What's the author's attitude towards the book? A. Neutral. B. Negative. C. Unclear. D. Positive. 11. What is the text? A. A book review. B. A news report. C A research paper. D. A learning guide. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇书评。评述了一本关于科技对二语学习者心理影响的研究集，肯定其理论与实践价值，指出科技不总带来正面心理效应。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的句子“In fact, some learners may feel anxious or uncomfortable using technology for language learning, which can hinder their performance.（事实上，一些学习者在使用技术进行语言学习时可能会感到焦虑或不舒服，这可能hinder他们的表现。）”可知，既然学习者会感到焦虑或不舒服，那么这自然就会阻碍他们的表现。“hinder”在这里指的是阻止或者妨碍，与选项B的“Prevent”意思相近。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As studies in the book have shown, positive online identities may support language learning and can potentially apply to offline situations.(正如本书中的研究所表明的那样，积极的在线身份可能有助于语言学习，并可能适用于离线情况。)”可知，这表明书中涉及了在线身份的积极影响。因此，我们选择A项（它指出了积极在线身份的好处。）。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。通过整体阅读文章，第二段，第三段和第四段作者都用“contributions of the book(这本书的贡献）”来开头，尤其是结尾处的句子“As illustrated above, this book provides both theoretical and practical value.（如上所述，这本书提供了理论和实践价值。）”，可以推断出作者对这本书的态度是积极的，肯定的。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。从第一段中的“This book, made up of 23parts, presents research on how technology affects the learning psychology (心理) of L2learners.(这本书由23个部分组成，介绍了技术如何影响L2学习者的学习心理的研究。)”可知，整篇文章是对一本书的内容和贡献进行了介绍和评价，符合书评的特征。因此，文章最可能是一篇书评。故选A项。 D If talking near a busy road is tough, think how hard it is to raise a baby bird in that place. Anew experiment on growing birds shows traffic noise has a negative influence on their growth and leads to lifelong harm. Researchers already knew too much noise can disturb breeding birds, making it more difficult for parents to communicate with and care for their nestlings. But it wasn't clear whether the noise itself could directly harm young birds. Mariette, a behavioral ecologist at Deakin University, and her team set out to answer that question with zebra finches held in an aviary (鸟舍) on campus in Melbourne, Australia. For 5 nights they played eggs either road noise or zebra finch songs for several hours. The sounds were kept at a moderate volume of 65 decibel. Other eggs were left in silence. After the eggs hatched, the baby birds received one of two treatments — road noise or zebra finch songs — for another 9 nights. The nestlings heard the sounds in a separate room and then were returned to their nests. Eggs that heard traffic noise hatched 19% less often than those that heard bird songs. As the baby birds developed, they also showed worrying development signs. Those exposed to noise grew slower, and had health problems. Their blood had fewer red blood cells, and their cells were under stress. When they became adults, they had half as many babies as the birds that heard songs when they were young. “I’ve never had such clear results in any experiments before,” Mariette says. How exactly traffic noise harms the young birds remains a mystery. Auditory (听觉的) parts of the brain connect to areas important for development and the regulation of emotion and learning, so it’s likely that noise could disrupt healthy growth. Mariette says she would like to conduct other experiments to learn what aspects of noise are harmful. For example, it could be that hearing constant sound without any rhythm — unlike song — is somehow stressful. 12. What does the underlined word “nestlings” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Baby birds. B. Sick birds. C. Mother birds. D. Birds’ eggs. 13. Why did Mariette and her team conduct the experiment? A. To test the volume of noises on campus. B. To answer a question about zebra finches. C. To compare road noise with zebra finch songs. D. To examine the influence of noise on little birds. 14. How did the noise affect the birds’ growth according to the experiment? A. It made them less stressful. B. It prevented the birds having babies. C. It led to the slow growth of the birds. D. It reduced parent birds 'red blood cells. 15. What is Mariette most likely to study next? A. Functions of the auditory parts of birds’ brains. B. The harmful parts of noise to young birds' growth. C. The impact of rhythmic sounds on birds' development. D. The impact of traffic noise on birds' emotion and learning. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这一篇新闻报道。研究揭示交通噪音对雏鸟发育造成负面影响，包括降低孵化率、生长迟缓及减少后代数量。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句子“Researchers already knew too much noise can disturb breeding birds, making it more difficult for parents to communicate with and care for their nestlings. (研究人员已经知道过多的噪音会干扰繁殖中的鸟类，使父母与它们的雏鸟沟通和照顾变得更为困难。)”可知，过多的噪音会干扰繁殖中的鸟类，那么结果就是使父母对它们的nestlings沟通和照顾变得更为困难。所以我们可以推断，划线词“nestlings”指的就是前半句中的“breeding birds”，即幼鸟。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But it wasn’t clear whether the noise itself could directly harm young birds. (但目前尚不清楚噪音本身是否会直接伤害幼鸟。)”和第三段中的“Mariette, a behavioral ecologist at Deakin University, and her team set out to answer that question with zebra finches held in an aviary(鸟舍) on campus in Melbourne, Australia. (Deakin大学的行为生态学家Mariette和她的团队着手通过在澳大利亚墨尔本校园内的鸟舍中饲养斑马雀来回答这个问题。)”可知，研究人员已经知道，太多的噪音会干扰正在繁殖的鸟类，使父母更难与雏鸟沟通和照顾它们，但是他们不知道噪音本身是否会直接伤害幼鸟，Mariette和她的团队进行实验的目的是为了考察噪音对小鸟的影响。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Those exposed to noise grew slower, and had health problems. Their blood had fewer red blood cells, and their cells were under stress. (暴露于噪音下的小鸟生长得更慢，并且有健康问题。它们血液中的红细胞较少，细胞处于压力之下。)”可知，噪音导致了小鸟的生长缓慢。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Auditory (听觉的) parts of the brain connect to areas important for development and the regulation of emotion and learning, so it’s likely that noise could disrupt healthy growth. Mariette says she would like to conduct other experiments to learn what aspects of noise are harmful.” (大脑的听觉部分连接到对发展、情绪调节和学习重要的区域，因此噪音可能干扰健康的成长。Mariette说她想进行其他实验来了解噪音的哪些方面是有害的。)可知，Mariette接下来最可能研究的是噪音的哪些部分对小鸟的成长有害。故选B项。 第二节 (共 5 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分 12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Challenging and fun hobbies have the power to make us happier and healthier. And they also enable us to have a closer connect ion with others. ___16___. Here experts will tell you how to discover the hobbies you don’t know you’ll love. Ask yourself how you want to feel Hobbies present an escape — they can help you get out of your head and calm down. It is necessary to ask yourself how you want an activity to make you feel. Mentally engaged? Relaxed? Socially connected? Recognize that you have different needs at different moments, and that’s OK. ___17___. Keep an open mind Keeping an open mind and not ignoring potential hobbies is the key. Human beings are born to be curious and open, which is usually forgotten in this burned-out world. ___18___ It could introduce you to something you never guessed you’d love. ___19___ Don’t spend a ton of time and money on a new hobby immediately. Ease in to figure out if it’s right for you, and you can always do more later. Try out a free online course or join a beginner’s group, for example, to get a feel of the hobby before committing heavily. Take a trip back in time When you were a kid, what did you want to be when you grew up? ___20___ If you wanted to be a football player, join a football team or coach some neighborhood kids. Childhood joys can easily develop into adult hobbies. A. Start small B. Make a short list C. Everyone has some hobbies D. But it isn’t easy to find your hobby E. There is no such thing as one perfect hobby F. The answer could point you toward an attractive hobby G. So if someone invites you to join in an event, catch the opportunity 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文属于说明文。文章旨在为读者提供发现并尝试新爱好的建议和方法，包括考虑个人感受、保持开放态度、从小处开始尝试以及回顾童年兴趣等实用策略。 【16题详解】 由上文“Challenging and fun hobbies have the power to make us happier and healthier. And they also enable us to have a closer connect ion with others. (具有挑战性和有趣的爱好能让我们更快乐、更健康。它们也使我们与他人有更紧密的联系。)”和下文的“Here experts will tell you how to discover the hobbies you don’t know you’ll love. (在这里，专家将告诉你如何发现你不知道你会喜欢的爱好。)”可知，这段话的主旨是关于如何发现你可能会喜欢的爱好，具有挑战性和乐趣的爱好能让我们更快乐、更健康，也能增强人际联系，因此接下来应该是转折，指出找到这样的爱好并不容易。故D选项“But it isn’t easy to find your hobby (但找到你的爱好并不容易)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 【17题详解】 由上文“Hobbies present an escape—they can help you get out of your head and calm down. It is necessary to ask yourself how you want an activity to make you feel. Mentally engaged? Relaxed? Socially connected? Recognize that you have different needs at different moments, and that’s OK. (爱好是一种逃避——它们可以帮助你摆脱头脑，冷静下来。有必要问问自己，你希望一项活动给你带来什么样的感受。精神投入？放松？轻松的社会联系？认识到你在不同的时刻有不同的需求，这没关系。)”可知，通过询问自己想要从活动中获得什么样的感受来选择爱好，并且认识到在不同时间有不同的需求是正常的。因此，这里应该强调没有哪一个爱好是完美适用于所有情况的。故E选项“There is no such thing as one perfect hobby (没有一个完美的爱好这回事)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 【18题详解】 由上文“Keeping an open mind and not ignoring potential hobbies is the key. Human beings are born to be curious and open, which is usually forgotten in this burned-out world. (保持开放的心态，不要忽视潜在的爱好是关键。人类生来就是好奇和开放的，这一点在这个被烧毁的世界里往往被遗忘了。)”和下文的“It could introduce you to something you never guessed you’d love. (它会把你介绍给你从未想过你会喜欢的东西。)”可知，保持开放心态很重要，以及人类天生的好奇心和开放性往往在忙碌的生活中被遗忘。下文则说这可能引导你发现未曾预料到的喜爱。因此，此处应是鼓励抓住机会尝试。故G选项“So if someone invites you to join in an event, catch the opportunity (所以如果有人邀请你参加活动，抓住机会)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 【19题详解】 由下文“Don’t spend a ton of time and money on a new hobby immediately. Ease in to figure out if it’s right for you, and you can always do more later. Try out a free online course or join a beginner’s group, for example, to get a feel of the hobby before committing heavily. (不要马上在一个新的爱好上花费大量的时间和金钱。慢慢地弄清楚它是否适合你，之后你总是可以做更多的事情。比如，参加一个免费的在线课程，或者加入一个初学者小组，在投入大量精力之前先感受一下自己的爱好。)”可知，下文建议不要立即投入大量时间和金钱在新爱好上，而是先从小处着手尝试。因此，A选项“Start small (从小处开始)”能概括本段主旨，适合作为该段的标题。故选A。 【20题详解】 由上文“When you were a kid, what did you want to be when you grew up? (当你还是个孩子时候，你长大后想做什么？)”和后文的“If you wanted to be a football player, join a football team or coach some neighborhood kids. Childhood joys can easily develop into adult hobbies. (如果你想成为一名足球运动员，那就加入一个足球队，或者给邻居家的孩子当教练。童年的快乐很容易发展成成人的爱好。)”可知，该段落主题是回顾童年梦想，寻找可能发展成成人爱好的兴趣点。前一句提问小时候长大想做什么，后一句举例说明如何将童年的愿望转化为现实的爱好，因此本空要谈论与“童年的愿望转化为现实的爱好”有关话题。因此，F选项“The answer could point you toward an attractive hobby (这个答案可能会指引你找到一个吸引人的爱好)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题1分,满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I clearly remember that night many years ago. I was driving when a serious head-on crash occurred and I was ___21___ to the hospital. What followed were months of ___22___ and despair (绝望) as I lay in bed. I can still picture the moment when the ___23___ entered the room. “I’m afraid you’ll probably have a difficult time ___24___ again, let alone be able to play sports,” he said. This news was a ___25___to me as basketball was my favourite ___26___. I cried uncontrollably imagining the very worst for my future. My parents, however, remained firm. “Thank you, doctor,” they responded___27___,“but our daughter will be soon on her feet again.” With their ___28___ and my own determination, I began the long and challenging road to recovery. As I ___29___ got better I also experienced a deep inner change. The experience provided me with the opportunity for ____30____ , leading me to reevaluate my life choices and mindset. Over time, not only did I play ____31____ again, but I also changed the way I ____32____life. I replaced despair with hope and reactivity with reflection. I came to realize that every challenge ____33____ an opportunity for personal growth, if we remain ____34____ to its lessons. Now, thirty-five years later, I have authored a book to share the lessons I’ve learned and to help others live with purpose and ____35____. 21. A. rushed B. invited C. returned D. committed 22. A. anger B. regret C. pain D. shame 23. A. driver B. policeman C. doctor D. caregiver 24. A. dancing B. walking C. competing D. graduating 25. A. bet B. blow C. relief D. signal 26. A. topic B. program C. occasion D. passion 27. A. sadly B. coldly C. calmly D. proudly 28. A. support B. permission C. treatment D. prediction 29. A. hardly B. generally C. hopefully D. gradually 30. A. self-awareness B. self-confidence C. self-defense D. self-reflection 31. A. basketball B. baseball C. games D. music 32. A. approached B. enjoyed C. started D. calculated 33. A. rejects B. presents C. requires D. destroys 34. A. blind B. close C. brave D. open 35. A. pride B. knowledge C. hope D. dream 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文属于记叙文，文章讲述了一个关于个人遭遇车祸、经历艰难康复过程并最终实现自我成长的故事。通过第一人称的叙述，文章展现了主人公面对挑战的心路历程，以及如何在逆境中找到新的生活视角和意义。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我清楚地记得多年前的那个夜晚，当一场严重的正面碰撞发生后，我被急速送往医院。A. rushed急速送往；B. invited邀请；C. returned返回；D. committed承诺，委托。根据上文“I was driving when a serious head-on crash occurred”和下文的“and despair (绝望) as I lay in bed”可知，发生了严重的交通事故，作者受伤严重，应该是急速送往医院。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：接下来的几个月里，我躺在床上，经历了无尽的疼痛和绝望。A. anger愤怒；B. regret后悔；C. pain疼痛；D. shame羞耻。根据下文的“and despair (绝望) as I lay in bed” 可知，重伤后的恢复期间应是经历身体上的疼痛和心理上的绝望。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然能记得那一刻，当医生走进房间。A. driver司机；B. policeman警察；C. doctor医生；D. caregiver照顾者。根据下文的“I’m afraid you’ll probably have a difficult time 4 again, let alone be able to play sports”可知，下文是医生的诊断，此处应是医生进入房间。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“恐怕你可能很难再行走，更不用说能够进行体育运动了，”他说。A. dancing跳舞；B. walking行走；C. competing竞争；D. graduating毕业。根据上文的“I’m afraid you’ll probably have a difficult time”和下文的“let alone be able to play sports”可知，本句谈论事故后的康复情况，此处医生说行走会很困难，更不用说能够进行体育运动了。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个消息对我来说是一个打击，因为篮球是我最喜欢的爱好。A. bet打赌；B. blow打击；C. relief宽慰；D. signal信号。根据上文的“I’m afraid you’ll probably have a difficult time 4 again, let alone be able to play sports”和下文的“as basketball was my favourite”可知，得知可能无法再行走或进行体育运动，这对热爱篮球的作者来说是一个沉重的打击。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个消息对我来说是一个打击，因为篮球是我最喜欢的爱好。A. topic话题；B. program项目；C. occasion场合；D. passion酷爱，热衷的爱好（或活动等）。根据上文的“basketball was my favourite”可知，篮球作为一项运动，对作者而言是一种最喜欢的爱好。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“谢谢你，医生，”他们平静地回应道，“但我们女儿很快就会重新站起来的。”A. sadly悲伤地；B. coldly冷漠地；C. calmly平静地；D. proudly自豪地。根据上文的“Thank you, doctor”和下文的“but our daughter will be soon on her feet again”可知，父母对作者的康复持积极态度，因此是平静而有信心地回应。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的支持和我自己决心的支撑下，我开始了漫长而充满挑战的康复之路。A. support支持；B. permission允许；C. treatment治疗；D. prediction预测。根据上文的“but our daughter will be soon on her feet again”和“With their”可知，父母的支持对于作者的康复至关重要。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着我逐渐地好转，我也经历了深刻的内心变化。A. hardly几乎不；B. generally大体上；C. hopefully有希望地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据下文的“got better, I also experienced a deep inner change”可知，康复是一个逐步的过程，因此是逐渐好转。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段经历为我提供了自我反思的机会，使我重新评估我的生活选择和心态。A. self-awareness自我意识；B. self-confidence自信；C. self-defense自卫；D. self-reflection自我反思。根据下文的“leading me to reevaluate my life choices and mindset”可知，经历重大变故后，作者有机会反思自己的生活，重新评估我的生活选择和心态。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我不仅再次打起了篮球，而且还改变了我处理生活的方式。A. basketball篮球；B. baseball棒球；C. games游戏；D. music音乐。根据上文的“as basketball was my favourite”可知，篮球是作者的最爱，所以是再次打篮球。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我不仅再次打起了篮球，而且还改变了我处理生活的方式。A. approached接近，处理；B. enjoyed享受；C. started开始；D. calculated计算。根据上文的“I also changed the way”和下文的“life”可知，此处指改变处理生活的方式。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到，如果我们对其中的教训保持开放的心态，每一个挑战都是一个个人成长的机会。A. rejects拒绝；B. presents提供；C. requires需要；D. destroys破坏。根据下文的“an opportunity for personal growth”可知，挑战通常被视为提供成长的机会。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到，如果我们对其中的教训保持开放的心态，每一个挑战都是一个个人成长的机会。A. blind盲目的；B. close亲密的；C. brave勇敢的；D. open开放的。根据下文的“to its lessons”可知，此处指对学习和成长持开放的心态，这样才能成长。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，三十五年后，我撰写了一本书来分享我学到的教训，并帮助他人带着目标和希望生活。A. pride自豪；B. knowledge知识；C. hope希望；D. dream梦想。根据上文的“but our daughter will be soon on her feet again”和“to help others live with purpose and”可知，作者从绝望中找到了希望，故书的内容也应传递希望的信息。故选C项。 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Arriving in Beijing as a 20-year-old from Germany, I find my hobby skateboarding to be a connection with this ___36___ ( familiar) city. The skateboarding community in Beijing has taken me by surprise. The first thing that___37___ (catch) my eye was a beautiful backside flip (后翻) done by Yang Li, a Beijing skater, ___38___ had started a well-known skating business. Yang was just as welcoming and free-spirited ___39___ any skaters I'd met in Europe. It's this ___40___ (share) passion for skateboarding that brings this community together across the globe. Even those outside the skateboarding community showed curiosity and passion for the sport, which fascinated me. Passersby, especially elders and young children, often stopped to watch us skate, with some even ___41___ (dare) to try it out for themselves. This openness and ___42___ (eager) for exploration were refreshing for me, and it provided a wonderful opportunity for cultural exchanges. Reflecting on the history of skateboarding in China, ___43___ is clear that the sport ___44___ (come) a long way since its introduction. Originally viewed as a strange and somewhat dangerous activity, skateboarding has slowly gained (获得) acceptance and popularity, ___45___ (mirror) global trends and the changing cultural landscape of China. 【答案】36. unfamiliar 37. caught 38. who 39. as 40. shared 41. daring 42. eagerness 43. it 44. has come 45. mirroring 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一个来自德国的20岁年轻人，在北京通过滑板这一爱好与这座陌生城市建立联系的经历。 【分析】 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：作为一个来自德国的20岁年轻人到达北京，我发现我的滑板爱好是与这座陌生城市建立联系的方式。 此处需要一个形容词来修饰city，根据上下文可知，对于作者来说，北京是一座陌生的城市，因此需要填写形容词“陌生的”。所给词“familiar”含义为“熟悉的”，需变成“陌生的”。故填unfamiliar。 【37题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：首先吸引我注意的是北京滑手杨力所做的一个漂亮的后翻动作，他开始了一家知名的滑板生意。根据句子中的“was” 可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，因此谓语动词应该使用过去式。故填caught。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：首先吸引我注意的是北京滑手杨力所做的一个漂亮的后翻动作，他开始了一家知名的滑板生意。此处需要一个关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为人Yang Li，且在从句中作主语，因此使用who。故填who。 【39题详解】 考查固定结构。句意：杨力就像我在欧洲遇到的任何滑手一样热情而自由。空格前面有“as”，后面跟有比较的对象any skaters，故本空考查的是as…as结构，表示“像……一样”。 故填as。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：正是这种对滑板的共同热爱将这个全球的社群团结在一起。 此处需要一个词作定语来修饰名词passion，所给词“share”和passion构成被动关系，应用其过去分词形式“shared”作定语，意为“共享的”。故填shared。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：路人，尤其是老人和小孩，经常停下来看我们滑冰，有些人甚至敢于自己试试。本空考查with的复合宾语结构做状语。with的宾语为some,所给词动词“dare”作宾语补足语 ，dare与前面的some形成逻辑上的主谓关系，且表示主动，因此使用现在分词形式作宾补。故填daring。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种开放性和对探索的渴望对我来说是耳目一新的，也为文化交流提供了绝好的机会。 此处需要一个名词来与and前面的openness并列作句子主语，故填“eager”的名词eagerness，含义为“渴望”。故填eagerness。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：回顾滑板运动在中国的历史，很明显这项运动自引入以来已经走了很长一段路。空格所在处需填入形式主语it代替that引导的同位语从句，构成It is clear that...的结构，含义是“很明显……。故填it。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：回顾滑板运动在中国的历史，很明显，自从这项运动被引入以来，它已经走过了很长的一段路。 根据“since”可知，此处描述的是从过去某时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作，且对现在造成了影响，因此使用现在完成时,另外主语the sport为第三人称单数。 故填has come。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最初被视为一种奇怪且有点危险的活动，滑板运动逐渐获得了认可和流行，反映了全球趋势和中国不断变化的文化景观。根据句意，“mirror”在语境中为动词，含义为“反映”。分析句子可知， 设空处是句子的状语，此处需要用动词“mirror”的现在分词作结果状语，表示顺其自然的结果。 故填mirroring。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共10 小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 根据所给10个英语单句的意思，从所给的15个词汇中挑选出 10个合适的词或短语分别给每个句子填空。 majority career contain prospect tripped over genius beliefs suit sufficient headed to fantasy origins committed indicate carried on 46. Festivals have a wide range of ________, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. 47. One woman _________ the stone and her water pot went crashing to the ground. 48. There is Chinese food to _________ everyone’s taste, with traditional dishes from all over China. 49. Will scientists figure out a way to store ________ food and water for the long journey? 50. Tu Youyou, born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, is a _________ and patient scientist. 51. When new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary _________. 52. Einstein was not only a _________; he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. 53. Lin Qiaozhi chose to study medicine, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the _________ of girls. 54. In the afternoon, I _________ a local museum that showed the historical changes in California. 55. The implied meaning of sentences can often _________ people’s feelings, attitudes, or motives. 【答案】46. origins 47. tripped over 48. suit 49. sufficient 50. committed 51. prospect 52. genius 53. majority 54. headed to 55. indicate 【解析】 【46题详解】 考查名词。句意：节日有着广泛的起源，比如一年中的季节、宗教、著名人物和重要事件。季节、宗教、著名人物和重要事件都是节日的广泛的起源，用名词origin“起源”的复数，作宾语。故填origins。 【47题详解】 考查动词短语、时态。句意：一名妇女被石头绊倒，她的水壶摔在地上。此处表示“绊在障碍物上而摔跤”，用trip over，没有被动语态，根据空后的went可知，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填tripped over。 【48题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：这里有适合每个人口味的中国菜，包括来自中国各地的传统菜肴。此处表示“适合”用suit，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形，suit everyone’s taste表达“满足每个人的口味”。故填suit 。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：科学家们会找到储存长途旅行所需的充足食物和水的方法吗？本空用形容词sufficient“充足的”，修饰food and water，作定语。故填sufficient。 【50题详解】 考查形容词。句意：屠呦呦，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，是一位坚定的且极具耐心的科学家。与scientist搭配，用形容词committed“专注的，坚定的”，作前置定语。故填committed。 【51题详解】 考查名词。句意：当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，这可能是一个可怕的前景。当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，它可能是一个令人害怕的“前景”，用名词prospect，作表语，由a可知，应用单数。故填prospect。 【52题详解】 考查名词。句意：爱因斯坦不仅是个天才；他还是一位勇敢善良的人物，深受许多人喜爱。与前面的不定冠词a和后面的科学家身份相呼应，本空用名词单数genius“天才”，作表语。故填genius。 【53题详解】 考查名词。句意：林巧稚选择了学医，而不是像大多数女孩那样遵循传统婚姻道路。the majority of表示“大多数”，为固定搭配。故填majority。 【54题详解】 考查动词短语、时态。句意：下午，我去了一个当地博物馆，那里展示了加州的历史变迁。本空用动词短语headed to“前往”，与a local museum搭配，说明了下午的去向。根据In the afternoon可知，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填headed to。 【55题详解】 考查动词。句意：句子的隐含意义常常能表明人们的情感、态度或动机。根据空后的people’s feelings, attitudes, or motives可知，本空用indicate“表明”，位于情态动词can后，用动词原形。故填indicate。 第二节 (满分 30分) 56. 你的班级将开展一场主题为“人类是否应该探索太空”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： (1)你的观点； (2)你的理由。 注意: (1)写作词数应为 100左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Ladies and gentlemen, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 【答案】Ladies and gentlemen, Today, I stand before you to advocate for the continuation and expansion of human space exploration. Our journey into the cosmos is not merely a quest for scientific discovery, but a profound commitment to humanity‘’s future. Space exploration fosters technological advancements that benefit society at large, from medical innovations to environmental monitoring. Moreover, space exploration inspires the next generation, fueling dreams and curiosity in young minds. Perhaps most crucially, exploring space may one day ensure our survival by helping us understand and mitigate threats to Earth. Let us embrace the stars, for they hold the keys to our advancement and perhaps our very existence. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇主题为“人类是否应该探索太空”的演讲稿，参加比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 支持：advocate→support 宇宙：cosmos → universe 仅仅：merely→only 促进：foster→ promote 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Moreover, space exploration inspires the next generation, fueling dreams and curiosity in young minds. 拓展句：Moreover, space exploration, which inspires the next generation, fuels dreams and curiosity in young minds. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】Space exploration fosters technological advancements that benefit society at large, from medical innovations to environmental monitoring.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Moreover, space exploration inspires the next generation, fueling dreams and curiosity in young minds.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ★启用前注意保密 中山市高一级 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末统一考试 英语试卷 本试卷共8页，三部分，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号和准考证号(考号)填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡指定位置。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Beijing is a city of opposites, with one foot in the past and another in the present. Nowhere is this contrast more visible than in its architecture, where traditional and modern styles coexist. Here are three spots to enjoy the ancient architecture as well as spring flowers in Beijing. Longevity Hill Sitting at the back of Longevity Hill, the Flower Pavilion and Glass Tower are hidden spots in the Summer Palace where you can breathe in the colorful spring in quietude. The Flower Pavilion was constructed in 1754, and the Glass Tower in the pavilion was a gift from Emperor Qianlong to celebrate his mother’s 60th birthday. The pavilion was destroyed by British and French soldiers in 1860 while the colorful tower survived. The original Flower Pavilion is in ruins but the flowers in the garden still blossom (开花) every spring. The Imperial Garden The Imperial Garden in the Forbidden City was only enjoyed by members of the royal (皇家的) family, but now its beauty can be appreciated by the public. The pink apricot flowers in front of the palaces have viewed the change of history. Drum Tower and Bell Tower Beijing’s Bell and Drum Towers lie on the northern end of the central line of the inner city. Looking at each other for hundreds of years, the two towers are surrounded by hutongs and trees. The best place to enjoy the spring views of the old city is to find a coffee shop or a restaurant in the hutong, where you can see the spring flowers blossoming against the towers. 1. What gift did Emperor Qianlong present to his mother for her 60th birthday? A. The Glass Tower. B. The Western Hills. C. The Imperial Garden. D. Drum Tower and Bell Tower. 2. What do we know about the Imperial Garden? A. It includes two towers. B. It was destroyed in 1860. C It was meant for the royalty. D. It features spring flowers. 3. Which is the best spot to admire the sights of Beijing in spring? A. A shopping center. B. A hutong cafe. C. The roof of the towers. D. The north of the city. B As a mother, I can’t imagine how heartbroken a mother would be if she is told that she can’t afford the treatment for her baby who suffers from cancer. And Cupcakes of Hope is a non-profit organization which raises funds to help families of children who are battling cancer. Despite my poor health, I volunteered for this worthy cause. I’m not a good baker, but I am good at selling stuff, so I signed up to help turn all the beautiful, delicious cupcakes donated by others into money for these families in need. Our stand was set up in the Canal Walk Shopping Centre at 8 a. m. so that volunteers were ready to sell from 9 a. m. My shift started at 2 p. m. Before I got there, I expected to find a pretty empty table. I could not have been more mistaken! Four big tables were full of beautiful cupcakes of every colour and flavour and there were3 shopping carts full of boxes of cupcakes which had not even been unpacked yet! The generosity and creativity of every single baker really were beyond my expectation. The best moment of the day came when a sweet, blue-eyed toddler arrived at the stand. He was about 18 months old, happily sucking on a pacifier (安抚奶嘴) in his mom’s arms. I told his parents that all cupcakes were free gifts and all money raised would help families. His dad donated, and I picked out a Cookie Monster cupcake for the boy. As soon as I showed it to him he smiled from ear to ear, dropped his pacifier, and grabbed the cupcake. It made me feel happy and warm to see his bright eyes and joyful smile! We kept turning cupcakes into cash until the last possible minute and still had enough cupcakes left over to donate to the needy! The time just flew by I’m really grateful to have had the opportunity to do my small part for this very worthy cause. 4. What made the author decide to volunteer for Cupcakes of Hope? A. She was good at baking. B. She was seeking a job opportunity. C. She wanted to do something meaningful. D. She wanted to help her baby fight against cancer. 5. What surprised the author when she arrived at the stand? A. The tables were not clean. B. There were few customers. C. There were still a lot of cupcakes. D. Volunteers hadn’t packed the cupcakes. 6. What was the author’s favorite part of the event? A. A big donation. B. A baby’s happy reaction. C. Selling lots of cupcakes. D. The generosity of bakers. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. A Meaningful Charity Project B. A Beautiful Story about Cupcakes C. A Determined and Generous Mother D. A Rewarding Volunteering Experience C Technology and the Psychology of Second Language Learners and Users is a collection of studies that focuses on second language (L2) teaching and learning. This book, made up of 23 parts, presents research on how technology affects the learning psychology (心理) of L2learners. One of the main contributions of the book is that it is more than just a descriptive account of current research regarding technology and the psychological side of L2 learners. A key view is that technology does not necessarily lead to positive psychological effects. In fact, some learners may feel anxious or uncomfortable using technology for language learning, which can hinder their performance. What’s more, learner psychology still requires closer examination, as learners’ attitudes towards technology-assisted learning do not always match their actual practices. Another important contribution of this book is that it presents the connection and interplay between language learners’ online identity and offline identity. As studies in the book have shown, positive online identities may support language learning and can potentially apply to offline situations. Also, individuals have different identities in the off line environment, which may influence how they experience online. A third contribution of the book is that it provides various cases in detail to tell readers how to conduct research. Technology has created different online learning contexts for researchers to investigate, such as blogs and online social networks, to name a few. Thus, researchers are offered a lot of choices and have various studies to refer to when they do future research. As illustrated above, this book provides both theoretical and practical value. It familiarizes researchers with the interplay of technology, psychology, and L2 learning, while also reminding teachers of the importance of integrating (结合) technology thoughtfully, considering individual learner differences. Adding instructions and steps on how to apply research findings to real teaching and learning contexts at the end of each part could further strengthen the book’s usefulness for language instructors. 8. What does the underlined word “hinder” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Predict. B. Prevent. C. Analyze. D. Improve. 9. What can we learn about the book? A. It indicates the benefits of positive online identities. B. It illustrates the technology for positive psychology. C. It develops offline learning contexts for researchers. D. It provides detailed instructions for language teachers. 10. What's the author's attitude towards the book? A. Neutral. B. Negative. C. Unclear. D. Positive. 11. What is the text? A. A book review. B. A news report. C. A research paper. D. A learning guide. D If talking near a busy road is tough, think how hard it is to raise a baby bird in that place. Anew experiment on growing birds shows traffic noise has a negative influence on their growth and leads to lifelong harm. Researchers already knew too much noise can disturb breeding birds, making it more difficult for parents to communicate with and care for their nestlings. But it wasn't clear whether the noise itself could directly harm young birds. Mariette, a behavioral ecologist at Deakin University, and her team set out to answer that question with zebra finches held in an aviary (鸟舍) on campus in Melbourne, Australia. For 5 nights they played eggs either road noise or zebra finch songs for several hours. The sounds were kept at a moderate volume of 65 decibel. Other eggs were left in silence. After the eggs hatched, the baby birds received one of two treatments — road noise or zebra finch songs — for another 9 nights. The nestlings heard the sounds in a separate room and then were returned to their nests. Eggs that heard traffic noise hatched 19% less often than those that heard bird songs. As the baby birds developed, they also showed worrying development signs. Those exposed to noise grew slower, and had health problems. Their blood had fewer red blood cells, and their cells were under stress. When they became adults, they had half as many babies as the birds that heard songs when they were young. “I’ve never had such clear results in any experiments before,” Mariette says. How exactly traffic noise harms the young birds remains a mystery. Auditory (听觉的) parts of the brain connect to areas important for development and the regulation of emotion and learning, so it’s likely that noise could disrupt healthy growth. Mariette says she would like to conduct other experiments to learn what aspects of noise are harmful. For example, it could be that hearing constant sound without any rhythm — unlike song — is somehow stressful. 12. What does the underlined word “nestlings” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Baby birds. B. Sick birds. C. Mother birds. D. Birds’ eggs. 13. Why did Mariette and her team conduct the experiment? A. To test the volume of noises on campus. B. To answer a question about zebra finches. C. To compare road noise with zebra finch songs. D. To examine the influence of noise on little birds. 14. How did the noise affect the birds’ growth according to the experiment? A. It made them less stressful. B It prevented the birds having babies. C. It led to the slow growth of the birds. D. It reduced parent birds 'red blood cells. 15. What is Mariette most likely to study next? A. Functions of the auditory parts of birds’ brains. B. The harmful parts of noise to young birds' growth. C. The impact of rhythmic sounds on birds' development. D. The impact of traffic noise on birds' emotion and learning. 第二节 (共 5 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分 12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Challenging and fun hobbies have the power to make us happier and healthier. And they also enable us to have a closer connect ion with others. ___16___. Here experts will tell you how to discover the hobbies you don’t know you’ll love. Ask yourself how you want to feel Hobbies present an escape — they can help you get out of your head and calm down. It is necessary to ask yourself how you want an activity to make you feel. Mentally engaged? Relaxed? Socially connected? Recognize that you have different needs at different moments, and that’s OK. ___17___. Keep an open mind Keeping an open mind and not ignoring potential hobbies is the key. Human beings are born to be curious and open, which is usually forgotten in this burned-out world. ___18___ It could introduce you to something you never guessed you’d love. ___19___ Don’t spend a ton of time and money on a new hobby immediately. Ease in to figure out if it’s right for you, and you can always do more later. Try out a free online course or join a beginner’s group, for example, to get a feel of the hobby before committing heavily. Take a trip back in time When you were a kid, what did you want to be when you grew up? ___20___ If you wanted to be a football player, join a football team or coach some neighborhood kids. Childhood joys can easily develop into adult hobbies. A. Start small B. Make a short list C. Everyone has some hobbies D. But it isn’t easy to find your hobby E. There is no such thing as one perfect hobby F. The answer could point you toward an attractive hobby G. So if someone invites you to join in an event, catch the opportunity 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题1分,满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I clearly remember that night many years ago. I was driving when a serious head-on crash occurred and I was ___21___ to the hospital. What followed were months of ___22___ and despair (绝望) as I lay in bed. I can still picture the moment when the ___23___ entered the room. “I’m afraid you’ll probably have a difficult time ___24___ again, let alone be able to play sports,” he said. This news was a ___25___to me as basketball was my favourite ___26___. I cried uncontrollably imagining the very worst for my future. My parents, however, remained firm. “Thank you, doctor,” they responded___27___,“but our daughter will be soon on her feet again.” With their ___28___ and my own determination, I began the long and challenging road to recovery. As I ___29___ got better, I also experienced a deep inner change. The experience provided me with the opportunity for ____30____ , leading me to reevaluate my life choices and mindset. Over time, not only did I play ____31____ again, but I also changed the way I ____32____life. I replaced despair with hope and reactivity with reflection. I came to realize that every challenge ____33____ an opportunity for personal growth, if we remain ____34____ to its lessons. Now, thirty-five years later, I have authored a book to share the lessons I’ve learned and to help others live with purpose and ____35____. 21. A. rushed B. invited C. returned D. committed 22. A. anger B. regret C. pain D. shame 23. A. driver B. policeman C. doctor D. caregiver 24. A. dancing B. walking C. competing D. graduating 25 A. bet B. blow C. relief D. signal 26. A. topic B. program C. occasion D. passion 27. A. sadly B. coldly C. calmly D. proudly 28. A. support B. permission C. treatment D. prediction 29. A. hardly B. generally C. hopefully D. gradually 30. A. self-awareness B. self-confidence C. self-defense D. self-reflection 31. A. basketball B. baseball C. games D. music 32. A. approached B. enjoyed C. started D. calculated 33. A. rejects B. presents C. requires D. destroys 34. A. blind B. close C. brave D. open 35. A. pride B. knowledge C. hope D. dream 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Arriving in Beijing as a 20-year-old from Germany, I find my hobby skateboarding to be a connection with this ___36___ ( familiar) city. The skateboarding community in Beijing has taken me by surprise. The first thing that___37___ (catch) my eye was a beautiful backside flip (后翻) done by Yang Li, a Beijing skater, ___38___ had started a well-known skating business. Yang was just as welcoming and free-spirited ___39___ any skaters I'd met in Europe. It's this ___40___ (share) passion for skateboarding that brings this community together across the globe. Even those outside the skateboarding community showed curiosity and passion for the sport, which fascinated me. Passersby, especially elders and young children, often stopped to watch us skate, with some even ___41___ (dare) to try it out for themselves. This openness and ___42___ (eager) for exploration were refreshing for me, and it provided a wonderful opportunity for cultural exchanges. Reflecting on the history of skateboarding in China ___43___ is clear that the sport ___44___ (come) a long way since its introduction. Originally viewed as a strange and somewhat dangerous activity, skateboarding has slowly gained (获得) acceptance and popularity, ___45___ (mirror) global trends and the changing cultural landscape of China. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共10 小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 根据所给10个英语单句的意思，从所给的15个词汇中挑选出 10个合适的词或短语分别给每个句子填空。 majority career contain prospect tripped over genius beliefs suit sufficient headed to fantasy origins committed indicate carried on 46. Festivals have a wide range of ________, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. 47. One woman _________ the stone and her water pot went crashing to the ground. 48. There is Chinese food to _________ everyone’s taste, with traditional dishes from all over China. 49. Will scientists figure out a way to store ________ food and water for the long journey? 50. Tu Youyou, born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, is a _________ and patient scientist. 51. When new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary _________. 52. Einstein was not only a _________; he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. 53. Lin Qiaozhi chose to study medicine, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the _________ of girls. 54. In the afternoon, I _________ a local museum that showed the historical changes in California. 55. The implied meaning of sentences can often _________ people’s feelings, attitudes, or motives. 第二节 (满分 30分) 56. 你的班级将开展一场主题为“人类是否应该探索太空”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： (1)你的观点； (2)你的理由。 注意: (1)写作词数应为 100左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Ladies and gentlemen, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$